The Antigua and Barbuda High Commission

Official Newsletter - Issue 135 -- July/August 2009

This is Carnival! by Andrea Thomas The lead up to Antigua’s Carnival since the beginning of June. This of what they could expect to hear, 2009 was jam packed with all well attended event previewed and see, over the carnival different events, the most the new and upcoming Antiguan season. popular being the Joe Mikes artists to the eager crowds that Jam session every Thursday gathered. This gave them a taste Continue on pages 19,20

Queen of Carnival (Shelana George) and her runners-up

In This Issue 1. Prime Minister’s Emancipation Day Message (pages 3 & 7) 2. Antigua and Barbuda receives US$50 Million from Venezuela ( page 12) 3. Educational Past (page 18) 4. Carnival 2009 highlights (pages 1,19 & 20) Antigua and Barbuda High Commission Issue 135 - July/August 2009

a march on this basis. It may pride when one of their fellow citizens even be said that it is a does well at an international event citizen’s constitutional right to (for example Usain Bolt at the demonstrate to its recently concluded 12th IAAF World government how he/she feels Championship in Germany). Let me about prevailing issues in the quickly add, in case someone readily country. However, I was very reminds me, that our own Daniel surprised to hear of the Bailey performed exceptionally well. I presence of so many foreign know, I saw it and there I was flags being waved by beaming with so much pride as an marchers. This really set me Antiguans and Barbudans. thinking about our nationalism and the evidence But does it have to take something or lack thereof being like this to show to the world that we demonstrated at important Antiguans and Barbudans are a proud events in our nation’s recent of our country? How are we seen history. when, after the news of the latest negative incident concerning our Where do we as Antiguans nation, when we run to the nearest and Barbudans stand on this closet to hide (metaphorically issue? What is nationalism speaking of course)? and how do we see it being displayed in our everyday Let me ask my readers a few lives. Nationalism, according questions at this point: to the Stanford • Do you stand whenever the Encyclopaedia of Psychology National Anthem of Antigua “is generally used to describe two phenomena: and Barbuda is played? THE GREEN SHOOTS (1) the attitude that the members of a nation have when they care • Do you stand and OF NATIONALISM about their national identity and (2) acknowledge whenever the the actions that the members of a holders of Senior A few weeks ago I was listening to the nation take when seeking to Representatives of our nation news from home and heard a report achieve (or sustain) self- (example the Governor which provided details of a march determination. (1) raises questions General, the Prime Minister, organised by the Antigua Labour about the concept of nation (or Members of Parliament, and Party. The “White March” which took national identity), which is often Members of our Diplomatic place on the 13th August is reputed to defined in terms of common origin, have gathered around 10,000 ethnicity, or cultural ties, and while Corps etc) arrive at a supporters. Listening to the call-in an individual’s membership in a function? programme on Observer Radio in the nation is often regarded as days after, I gathered that during the involuntary, it is sometimes • Do we interrupt what we are march many persons carried flags of regarded as voluntary. (2) raises doing out of respect for the other nations in the Caribbean. That questions about whether self- representative’s presence? is when I began thinking. Would this determination must be understood have happened in any other island as involving having full statehood • Do we do our best to ensure with complete authority over and what really was the objective of that we carry the crest or flag the march? domestic and international affairs, or whether something less is of our nation with dignity and When I read of the statements of the required”. pride? some of the speakers this was indeed a march against the perceived It is always with much admiration that • When we go to an discrepancies in the last elections I observe the Jamaicans, Barbadians international event, do we and the state of the economy. One and Americans stand for the singing immediately look to see if our may grudgingly accept arguments for of their national anthems or swell with National Flag is flying

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Address to the Nation by Through Egypt, at the dawn of Hon. Baldwin Spencer ‘Antiquity’ Africa remained the leading instructor of the entire world with its art Prime Minister of of writing and architectural Antigua and Barbuda monuments such as pyramids. on Emancipation Day Therefore we are a proud people with August 1, 2009 a history that started long before our Building a good citizenry arrival as slaves in the Caribbean.

Fellow citizens of Antigua and Antigua and Barbuda shares the Barbuda today August 1st 2009, vision of the African Union of ‘an th accelerated socio-economic represents the 175 anniversary of integration of the African continent the emancipation of former British which will lead to greater unity and Colonies in 1834 from the horrible and solidarity between African countries dehumanizing system of slavery. and peoples.’

As we come together to celebrate and This unity and solidarity we see as commemorate this important important if we are to identify and anniversary let us recommit ourselves advance common positions about our to ensure that this crime against existence and future as African people humanity will not be allowed to ever and African descendants. happen again. Honourable Baldwin Spencer Prime Minister of Antigua and We are keen to engage with the Barbuda As declared in the declaration coming African Union - and as the only out of a 2001 conference on anti- CARICOM country with observer shape the growth and development of racism held in Durban South Africa status to the AU – we are in the the ‘Global African Family’. “slavery and the slave trade were forefront of regional attempts to appalling tragedies…a crime against deepen social and economic ties with In this regard we will become actively humanity, and should always have continental Africa. involved in the Pan-African Parliament been so…”. which is designed to ensure the full The OECS is presently involved in participation of African peoples in Therefore celebrating our promoting formal relationships with a governance, development and Emancipation should inspire us to number of African countries and economic integration of the Continent. unite as citizens of the Caribbean to Antigua and Barbuda has presented Additionally, Antigua and Barbuda in ensure that we never allow ourselves itself as very prepared to enter and the future will also participate in the to be subjected to any form of slavery. explore new relationships with non- African Union Economic, Social, and traditional partners. Cultural Council. The theme for this 175th commemorative celebration and We think that the time has come for us Citizens and residents of Antigua and reflection is “Emancipation People” a to promote and defend development Barbuda as we commemorate and reminder that we as Africans in the goals for our countries - not only in the reflect on Emancipation 175, be not Diaspora are intrinsically linked as a region - but throughout the Diaspora. afraid to promote and teach our people with a common ancestry and children about the rich and varied culture. We have much to learn from each history of this magnificent Continent, other and much to teach each other we call Africa. Africa, the mother land of humanity is about the struggle against slavery and historically the first continent to initiate colonialism; about our struggles to Equally important is the need for us to the process of human progress. Our maintain political independence; foster a deeper knowledge of our ancestors have developed and about our present harsh engagement Story, as people of the Caribbean who mastered the art of agriculture and the with globalization and the transitions were bounded by the chains of slavery use of tools making it the birth place in capitalism – a system of economic and freed through the determination of and source of civilization. governance that has its roots deep in freedom fighters like king the torture and traffic and trade of and Court(Prince Klass), a Coromantee This is evident by the development in African people. from Africa, Tomboy, a Carpenter, and flourishing of African agriculture Hercules, Jack, Ned, Fortune, Tony, basins, the first religions and As Africans in the Diaspora it is Secundi and Jacko, all principal slave marvelous rock art and sculptures. necessary for us to take a proactive leaders in the 1736 slave plot in role in helping to build bridges and Antigua. This act of liberation was

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Mango Fest hailed as another success by Afeefah Beharry Antiguasunonline.com

The annual Mango Fest, which was held at Christian Valley, wrapped up on the 16th August after several days of fun activities that surrounded the annual festival.

There were several mango competitions and other activities, which helped to bring life to the festival, besides the usual harvest of sweet Antiguan mangoes.

Junior Minister of Agriculture Chanlah Codrington said he was extremely delighted to see the A variety of mangoes were on display at Mango Fest continuing support from people and he hopes that this trend mention for the work they did in This year, the organisers of Mango continues in years to come. executing the festival. Fest were hoping to promote it as an opportunity for the hotels to do "We have stepped up to the plate,"There was great support from the business with the farmers. especially where our agro- people on both days," Campbell processors are concerned to said. Mango Fest promotes the market their products locally, advantages of utilising as much regionally and internationally," Some of the competitions that were local produce as is available from Codrington proudly commented. held around the display and sale of farmers by the hotels and mangos included the mango eating restaurants. Meanwhile, Communications competition, the ringside game, Officer within the ministry Onika ice-cream making, tug-o-war and It also serves to further highlight Campbell stated the Mango Fest explore the mango trail. the move towards furthering the committee must be given special linkages between tourism and agriculture.

Some mango facts and myths · The mango is known as the 'king of fruit' throughout the world. · The name 'mango' is derived from the Tamil word 'mangkay' or 'man-gay'. When the Portuguese traders settled in Western India they adopted the name as 'manga'. · Mangos originated in East India, Burma and the Andaman Islands bordering the Bay of Bengal. Around the 5th century B.C., Buddhist monks are believed to have introduced the mango to Malaysia and eastern Asia - legend has it that Buddha found tranquility and repose in a mango grove. Persian traders took the mango into the middle east and Africa, from there the Portuguese brought it to Brazil and the West Indies. Mango cultivars arrived in Florida in the 1830's and in California in the 1880's. · The Mango tree plays a sacred role in India; it is a symbol of love and some believe that the Mango tree can grant wishes. · Mangos are bursting with protective nutrients. The vitamin content depends upon the variety and maturity of the fruit, when the mango is green the amount of vitamin C is higher, as it ripens the amount of beta carotene (vitamin A) increases.

· There are over 20 million metric tons of mangos grown throughout the tropical and sub-tropical world. The leading mango producer is India, with very little export as most are consumed within the country. Mexico and China compete for second place, followed by Pakistan and Indonesia. Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil, Philippines and Haiti follow in order.

Source: antiguamangofest.com

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programmes that may be involvement in an organised Friends of Fiennes appropriate, improving the working supportive body. Institute (FOFI) environment, the quality of care and training and development of the staff. Since FOFI was set up in May 2009, I have sent out a number of ‘begging FOFI was established to support the Earlier this year, in April, the Fiennes letters’ to my family and friends. Fiennes Institute by assisting with th They have almost all responded and the provision of goods and services, Institute held its 80 Anniversary generously and we have been able In order to make life better for those Celebration. During the week’s to send to the Fiennes so far, a who are residents and those who celebration the Prime Minister, the quantity of bedding equipment and a care for them. Hon Baldwin Spencer, Minister of Health the Hon. Wilmoth Daniel and couple of wheelchairs. We plan to other notable dignitaries attended send much more and, where it would The Fiennes Institute some of the celebrations. Also at be more cost effective to purchase that time a National Conference on some items in Antigua. Caring for the Elderly was convened FOFI will be applying for Charitable The Fiennes Institute – which for and attended by delegates from the public as well as from the private Status as we plan to expand our many years was known as the Poor area of search for funds, both House – was established in 1929 by sector and from other non- governmental organisations from nationally and internationally. Our the then Governor of the Leeward intentions are to establish a Day Islands, Sir Eustace Fiennes. other Caribbean countries. It is hoped that from the conference will Care facility at the Fiennes where come a document which will be non-residents can be cared for It was established at the time solely during the weekdays, as well as to provide a home for the aged and adopted by the government of Antigua and Barbuda as its policy on improving the present facilities for destitute who were unable to provide residents. or care for themselves. Over the the provision of care, both residential years the focus has changed and day care, for the elderly in our twin island state. We have a Working Committee, significantly and continues to do so, proper accounting procedures are in to the extent that the aim now is to Currently, however, the Government place and we have the support of Sir provide an upgraded, modern facility Ranulph Fiennes – The Grandson of which meets the needs of the elderly has promised to do all it can to support the Fiennes, but has the founder of the Institute and who both for residential and day care visited the Fiennes in December services. recognised that Government will not be able, on its own, to meet all the 2008. Over the past few years there has needs of the Institute, due to its financial constraints. It was thus Please help us to help others and been some significant changes to make the Fiennes a place we can all the management structure. decided to formally establish a support group – Friends of Fiennes be proud of as Antiguans and Recently a new Director was Barbudans. If you require further appointed and together with the (FOFI) – to assist in the provision of items that are needed over and information or want to discuss any matron and Deputy Matron (a issue in relation to the Fiennes, formidable woman who gets things above what Government is able to provide. Although over the years a please give me a ring or send me an done) changes have begun to take e-mail. place. Already there has been a number of us here in the UK, in the USA and Canada and of course marked improvement in the physical In the meantime if you would like to appearance – the general ambience back home in Antigua, have been ‘doing our bit’ our efforts have not make a donation please make a – and the operational efficiency of the cheque (for any amount) payable to establishment. Staff and residents been co-ordinated. In establishing FOFI it is hoped that this will change ‘Friends of Fiennes Institute’ and appear to be much more settled and send to the address as shown below: there is a general feeling that things and that we will be better able to assist the Fiennes by providing as can only get better. Cliff Walker much as possible of what is needed Chair FOFI The Management’s vision is to bring and when it is requested. Of course, 1 Apple Tree Close the Institution’s standards to that of it does not mean that people cannot Yaxley a modern geriatric facility, continue to liaise and contribute Peterborough PE7 3JY embracing a holistic approach to the direct to the Fiennes, if they wish to continue doing so. FOFI is however Telephone: 01733 242748 provision of care for the elderly by Email: [email protected] the development of such offering the opportunity for

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position trying to strike a balance Statement between maintaining fiscal discipline by in the current global environment, while at the same time mitigating the The Hon. Minister of effects of rising oil prices on the Finance, Economy population. and Public In 2008 for example, the Government subsidized the retail price of gasoline, Administration diesel and liquefied propane gas Harold Lovell (LPG) (cooking gas) by approximately $40.0m. 7th August, 2009 With respect to retail prices, the cost As the world continues to grapple with (cif) for a gallon of gasoline increased the effects of this economic and by 57.0 per cent and the cost (cif) for financial crisis there is yet another a gallon of diesel grew by 43.7 per emerging challenge that confronts us. cent since the retail price of both commodities was reduced to $9.50 in There has been an upward surge in February of this year. the price of oil over the past three months. At the current retail price of $9.50 the Government is subsidizing the price of The Honourable Harold Lovell The price for a barrel of oil rose from gasoline by $2.00 per gallon and the Minister of Finance, Economy and US $44.00 per barrel at the beginning price of diesel by $1. 37 per gallon. Public Administration of the year to US $69.00 per barrel in The respective prices of the 20lb and June 2009. And, notwithstanding the the 100lb cylinders of LPG, have increases recorded for the year so far, remained unchanged for more than 15 As a part of our commitment at the the forecast is that the price of oil may years. level of the Monetary Council of the increase further as we approach the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank and active part of the hurricane season or At the current prices of $20.95 and more recently, as a part of the National with geopolitical developments in $108.00 for the 20lb and 100lb Economic and Social Transformation some of the major oil producing cylinders respectively, the (NEST) Plan, the Government is countries. Government is subsidizing the price of committed to adopting a flexible price a 20lb cylinder by $5.79 and the price mechanism for gasoline and diesel. As was the case with the high prices of a 100lb cylinder by $29.41. In each experienced during 2008, Antigua and case, the current price of LPG is less Under this framework the retail price of Barbuda remains vulnerable to the than the total cost of the product. The gasoline and diesel will adjust with effects associated with persistent and current cost to safely deliver a 20lb every shipment based on the average sustained increases in the cylinder of LPG to the consumer is international price of oil. The $27.00 while the cost of the 100lb Continue on page 8 Government is placed in a precarious cylinder of LPG is $138.00. Signing Ceremony at School at the American University of “The American University of Antigua Antigua. has already made significant New York contributions to the islands of The Memorandum of Understanding Antigua and Barbuda since opening Headquarters of AUA was signed at the AUA its doors in January 2004,” said paves the way for Headquarters between President of Prime Minister Spencer. “This new AUA, Neil Simon, Dean of Virginia- school and its relationship with Veterinary School in Maryland Regional College of Virginia Tech elevate Antigua as a Antigua Veterinary Medicine, Gerhardt premier provider of healthcare Schurig and Prime Minister Spencer. education for the Caribbean and the Prime Minister Baldwin Spencer and U.S.” Minister of Education, Dr. Jacqui Prime Minister Spencer in his Quinn-Leandro returned to the remarks welcomed Virginia Tech to Presenting on behalf of the Ministry country on Wednesday 19th August the shores of Antigua and Barbuda of Education, Minister of Education from New York City where they and hailed the new partnership with Dr. Jacqui Quinn-Leandro attended the official signing AUA as a great step in the expressed the Ministry’s enthusiasm ceremony for a new Veterinary globalization of education. at this new venture stating: “For a Continue on page 11

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drinks and anything Mount Pleasant Post they believe accurately Office showcases represented their Cultural Diversity country. The Antigua black Antiguan and Barbudan members of pineapple was flown staff at the Mount Pleasant Post Office in direct from home joined other members of staff in along with sweet putting on a cultural diversity exhibition potatoes, sweet recently. corn, ginger and kidney mangoes. The idea was to showcase the diverse Black pudding, cultures and ethnic groups currently doucouna and employed at the post office. Each saltfish with chap-up, group presented a stall with their bakes, ginger beer various dishes, costumes, provisions, and a special cake decorated in the colours of the national flag were used to represent the The team consisted of Roland Mayers, twin island state. Steven Farquhar, Janet Rose, Avenella Hasewood and Hugh Smith. Mrs Avenella Hasewood proudly wore her national dress. Pictures display the Special thanks to the staff of the Diaspora’s pride in the cultural High Commission of Antigua and heritage of Antigua and Barbuda and also to Sandra Dyer Barbuda of Stoke Newington Travel for their invaluable assistance. Submitted by Hugh Smith (Smithy)

Continued from page 3 values and develop systems that will protection of the rights of individuals and promote good citizenship. promotion of the common good. characterized by historians as a lesson in solidarity and collaboration. At the time of Emancipation it was believed Emancipation from mental slavery calls for that the people from the plantations would a citizenry that has moral responsibility, It is for this reason that as an emancipated automatically convert to free and self-discipline, respect for individual worth people we need to continue the process of responsible citizens. and human dignity, respect for law and creating social, economic and political order, civic mindedness and patriotism. mechanisms that will further our regional However, the European formula that development agenda. assumed the provision of work, the I therefore want to encourage all acquisition of property, support for family Antiguans and Barbudans to seek peace As we celebrate 175 years from social and and the provision of education would and harmony as we continue the political emancipation, let us heed the automatically give rise to a good celebration of our emancipation through words of Bob Marley, who constantly government and good citizenry proved to the creative energies of Carnival. remind us to ‘Emancipate ourselves from be incorrect. mental slavery, none but ourselves can Let us celebrate as people full of pride for free our minds.’ The existing plantation society did not country and a commitment to uphold the permit the conditions for this formula to values and principles enshrined in our The need for ‘personal emancipation’ from work for most people. constitution. the negatives values and counter productive habits is a prerequisite in It is for this reason that my Government in Special word of gratitude to the Committee molding responsible citizens. the future will look seriously at developing for its efforts to bring new meaning and mechanisms and promoting initiatives that increased significance to the struggles of Therefore we should strive to emancipate will seek to cultivate and nurture good our fore-parents that led to Emancipation ourselves from the shackles of violence, citizenship. on 1st August 1834 – one hundred and irresponsible behaviour, selfishness, seventy five years ago. greed and crime. Emancipation from mental slavery will further our efforts as a developing society Thank you and may God continue to bless I do believe that all citizens and residents to nurture a citizenry responsible for the our nation on this Emancipation Day. alike should seek to promote good civic

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Mr. Cleveland Seaforth, Managing size and extent of local and regional Government Moves to Partner of KPMG Eastern Caribbean investments in the company. For Protect Policy- has been appointed as Judicial these reasons the Government of Manager of the Antigua Branch Antigua and Barbuda is satisfied that holders, Investors operations of British American and judicial management of British and Workers of has accordingly taken over American is the best approach that will management of the Branch with pave the way for a new entity as British American immediate effect. envisioned by the OECS to manage the Eastern Caribbean operations of Insurance Company These actions are part of a regional the company. Limited commitment of the OECS governments to manage the risk This bold and innovative regional posed to the OECS and its residents initiative is in no small part the result of In response to widespread public by the financial challenges being diligent efforts by technicians within concern regarding the financial experienced by British American. In the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of stability and viability of British similar actions judicial managers have Legal Affairs and the Financial American Insurance Company Limited, also been appointed in other OECS Services Regulatory Commission in the Government of Antigua and States while applications remain effective collaboration with their Barbuda, in conjunction with other pending in still other States. It is regional counterparts. Moreover, OECS governments, continues to take anticipated that over the next several such action is made possible by the decisive action with a view to weeks the judicial managers from planning and vision of the Government protecting the economies of the across the region will act both of Antigua and Barbuda in passing the Eastern Caribbean and the interests of individually and collectively to confirm Insurance Act, 2007 which, through its the company’s policy-holders and and flesh-out an OECS plan that wo judicial management provisions, investors generally. As the first step in uld be most advantageous to the provides new and advanced options a plan to craft solutions for the ailing general interests of policy-holders and for reorganization of insurance company, on 30 June, 2009 the Acting investors. companies in crisis. Superintendent of Insurance in Antigua and Barbuda, Mr. Trevor The Government of Antigua and While there remains a great deal of Mathurin, under the direction of the Barbuda reaffirms its commitment to work to be done, the Government of Financial Services Regulatory putting people first as it works with its Antigua and Barbuda wishes to assure Commission, officially intervened into OECS partners and other the public that it will continue to the operations of British American’s governments within the Caribbean to diligently apply its most capable and branch operations in Antigua. Further find ways to protect the interests of creative resources to bring this British American policy holders around regional initiative to satisfactory on Friday, 31st July, 2009 a Court the region. Though British American culmination, while at all times keeping Order was sought and obtained by the is a private company, it plays a the interests of Antigua and Barbuda Superintendent to place the Branch significant role in the economies of the as its foremost priority. under judicial management. Eastern Caribbean by virtue of the

Continued from page 6 towards educating our youth, caring With respect of LPG, the Government for the elderly, stimulating the will receive revenue of $5.00 from the cost (cif) of the three most recent productive sectors of our economy sale of a 20lb cylinder and $17.00 from shipments. and providing relief for the most the sale of a 100lb cylinder. At the vulnerable groups in society. To this current consumption levels this will The Government will also be adjusting end, the Government cannot continue result in total revenue of $2.0m per the price of LPG to ensure that the to use revenue collected from other year from the sale of LPG. price of the product is at least taxes to subsidize the retail price of equivalent to the cost of delivering the petroleum products. The Government however, will product to consumers. As we seek to continue to monitor the changes in the maintain job levels in the public sector It is against this backdrop that the price of petroleum products in Antigua and meet our commitments, we must Government will increase the price of and Barbuda and will seek to conduct adopt a more responsible approach to gasoline to $11.50 per gallon and the the necessary means testing and to tax administration and tax collection price of diesel to $10.90 per gallon. implement policy measures where as well as how subsidies are The price of the LPG will also be possible, to reduce the effects of high distributed to the population. increased to $32.00 and $155.00 for fuel prices on the most vulnerable the 20lb and 100lb cylinder groups in society. Subsidies are necessary but must be respectively. These price adjustments distributed to ensure the greatest good will take effect on Friday August 7th, to the greatest number and targeted 2009.

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Dwight Gardiner takes the helm as Chairman of regional Maritime Organization

Mr. Dwight C.R. Gardiner of Antigua and Barbuda was elected Chairman of the Caribbean Port State Control Committee at the organization’s 14th annual meeting in St. John’s, Antigua on July 22, 2009. The Caribbean Port State Control Committee is an organization established pursuant to the Caribbean Memorandum of Understanding (CMOU) on Port State (r to l) Honourable John Maginley, Minister of Tourism, Culture and Control. Environment - Mr Dwight Gardiner, Chairman of the Caribbean Port State Control Committee and Jodie Barrow, Secretary of the Organization Mr. Gardiner has been involved in the maritime sector for over 25 years and and security and the prevention of Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago. is the Director and Registrar General maritime pollution by ships. The In addition to the member states there of the Antigua and Barbuda primary means of enforcing these are six Observer States; Anguilla, Department of Marine Services and rules and standards is by the Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Merchant Shipping and the Antigua inspection of foreign ships in national Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and Barbuda International Shipping ports in order to verify that the Turks and Caicos Islands. The Register. He previously held the condition of the ship and its equipment Secretariat of the organization based positions of Vice Chairman of the meet the national, regional and in Jamaica and its information centre CMOU on Port State Control from international maritime requirements. known as the Caribbean Maritime 2003-2008 and Interim Chairman from This process of inspecting foreign Information Centre (CMIC) is located 2008–2009. ships is known as “Port State Control.” in Suriname.

The Caribbean Memorandum of The Caribbean Port State Control There are some nine established Understanding (CMOU) on Port State Committee consists of 13 members regional port State control Control is an agreement between 13 States; Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, organizations and Memoranda of Caribbean States to achieve Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Cayman Understanding on port State control uniformity with respect to rules and Islands, Cuba, Grenada, Guyana, covering most of the world’s oceans. standards relating to maritime safety Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles,

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Six Key Issues in the UN Conference on Economic Crisis

Editorial Note: The South Centre in its many activities during the UN conference on the global economic crisis put forward proposals on six key issues for the conference to resolve. The following is a brief paper that was used by the Centre’s Executive Director Martin Khor, as the basis for the Centre’s press conference and for his presentation at the Conference’s panel on mitigation of the crisis.

Many around the world look to the UN fallouts from a crisis they cannot be held road is open for new credit to the country. conference on the global financial and responsible for. These objectives can best This system had been proposed by economic crisis with great expectations, as be achieved by a special and sizeable UNCTAD a decade ago and by the IMF it should be the start of a process that SDR allocation. secretariat in the early 2000s. It should could bring the UN into the forefront of now be discussed again. tackling the greatest economic crisis in half The agreement reached in the G20 summit a century. on SDR allocation brings no more than $20 The international community has been billion to low-income countries, but they muddling through the official debt of low- The epi-centre of the crisis is in Wall Street, need several times more. Since many of income countries for a decade and a half a few blocks from the UN headquarters. these countries are on the verge of falling without being able to bring a lasting But the developing countries that have no into an unsustainable debt trap, this should solution. The current crisis is adding to the role in causing the crisis have suffered the be provided through a no-cost special SDR debt overhang, making the existing most severe “collateral damage”, with a allocation. approach even less tenable. The time has loss of 6 percentage points of gross come to look for a new strategy. Debt national income, as their economic growth The additional financing needed by middle- assessment and sustainability analyses is expected to fall from 8.3% in 2007 to income countries reaches several hundred should be done independently from the 1.6% in 2009 on average. Moreover, this millions of dollars. This should be provided IMF and entrusted to an independent body average figure hides the fact that many of through a reversible SDR allocation, to be which is itself not a creditor, with the them are already in severe recession. repurchased when the crisis is over. Thus, agreement of both creditors and debtors to it will not generate inflationary pressures implement its recommendations. There has been some international action now or in the future. on the crisis, but much of it has been by the Third, developing countries should be G7 developed countries or the G20, which Second is the need for developing given the “policy space” to enable them is an exclusive grouping. The UN counties to avoid a new debt crisis. The to take policy measures to address the conference on 24-26 June is thus the first World Bank and IMF have estimated that crisis. For many countries, this space has time all the countries have gathered to close to 40 developing countries are been blocked by conditions attached to decide what to do about the crisis. It is vulnerable to difficulties in having enough loans from international financial especially important for developing foreign exchange to service their loans or institutions that usually impose pro-cyclical countries which have no other forum than to pay for essential imports. The list can be policies (fiscal austerity and tight monetary the UN to mitigate the effects of the crisis expected to grow. policy) that worsen the recession; forbid and ensure it does not happen again. controls over capital outflows and debt For countries facing debt servicing standstill; and impose low tariffs (with often The Conference is discussing two main difficulties, there should be a moratorium devastating effects on local production). actions -- how to help developing on their official debt, including deferral of Some free trade agreements also have countries cope with the crisis, and reform principal and interest payments with no clauses that hinder some required policies. of the international financial system. The additional cost. This is an established focus should be on taking international practice, used in the past in response to These policy conditionalities should be initiatives and reforming the global system disasters such as the Asian Tsunami of quickly reviewed and changed. The right to meet the needs and interests of 2004. of developing countries to take counter- developing countries. cyclical macroeconomic policies, and if Countries experiencing large and necessary capital controls and temporary There are six key issues for the Conference. sustained capital outflows should have the debt standstills to deal with the crisis, First is the foreign exchange shortfall right to exercise temporary debt standstills should be recognized and barriers to facing developing countries, which could and exchange controls, and should be exercising their rights removed. range from up to $1 trillion (World Bank granted statutory protection in the form of estimate) to $2 trillion (UNCTAD estimate). stay on litigation. Fourth are the reforms needed to the Besides falling exports and capital outflows, global financial and economic systems. many countries are also facing increasing An international debt court should be Developing countries at the moment have difficulties in obtaining fresh credit, all of established within the UN system in order little say over the decision-making process which affect their foreign reserves position. to settle sovereign debt disputes with but suffer the ill effects when the systems The efforts so far to help developing private creditors. Under this system of malfunction. The required changes countries are not enough. They need debt arbitration, a country should be able include: greater amounts of quick-disbursing, to declare a debt standstill, and be granted unconditional external financing. immunity from litigation, while the court • The governance, policies Furthermore, they should not be burdened arranges for debt arbitration and and roles of the IMF and with additional debt in order to respond to restructuring with the creditors, and the World Bank,

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• Regulation of financial technology and property rights. At the conference, not enough time to come to an markets and capital flows, global level these issues are addressed by understanding of the actions needed. The • Strengthening international specialized institutions established by conference itself would be a success if it surveillance of developed intergovernmental agreements. This defined the issues arising from the crisis countries’ policies, creates systemic incoherence because and gave directions on the way forward in • Creation of a new there can be trade-offs among the mitigation its effects and in working out international reserves objectives pursued by different agencies, broadly the reforms needed to the system, system. and failure in certain areas of global policy but it will not be able to make concrete has broader implications for the decisions on many points. On this last point, the present international multilateral system as a whole. reserves system based on national The Conference should thus set up a currencies is known to be inherently Efforts to improve coherence of policies in working group under the General unstable, susceptible to generating such diverse but interrelated areas remain Assembly itself, to further elaborate the unsustainable payments positions and sporadic and ineffectual in large part issues and measures, the discussion on exchange rate gyrations in countries because they rely on ad hoc cooperation which the Conference started but enjoying reserve-currency status. It is among specialized agencies. There is thus understandably could not conclude. The essential to look into possibilities of the need to establish a mechanism such working group could then work out in establishing an international reserves as a global economic council to secure greater detail the actions needed and system not based on national currencies, policy coherence and coordination. This report back to the General Assembly for and the role that a redefined and task falls on the United Nations as the only the decisions to be taken. broadened SDR could play in that respect. universal and democratic forum with an explicit mandate and purpose to resolve It is imperative that the Conference does Fifth is the need to address the lack of “international problems of an economic, not become a one-time event with little a proper system or mechanism for social, cultural and humanitarian character.” effect. For the developing countries that global economic governance, in which do not have any other international venue developing countries have a fair Sixth, there is the need for the for discussion and action on this crisis, this representation. Conference to set up a clear follow-up would be a disaster. Whether to have a mechanism to take forward the decisions, strong follow-up mechanism is thus This crisis has shown once again that proposals and issues arising from the perhaps the most important decision that globalisation has resulted in growing Conference and translate them into action. the conference participants will take. interdependence not only among countries, but also among various issues of concern The issues the conference will discuss are to the international community including many and complex. There were only less Reprinted from South Bulletin development, trade, investment, than three months between establishing Reflections and Foresights employment, money, finance, climate, modalities of the conference to the actual 7 July 2009, Issue 38 6th Annual Sizzling Sands Beach Volley Ball Tournament - 25th to 27th September 2009

Continued from page 6 years, AUA has proven its ability to educate both medical doctors and small island developing state like nurses. Its desire to expand into Antigua and Barbuda with a relatively preparing future veterinarians for their small population in an idyllic clinical phase at Virginia-Maryland geographical location, the prospect of Regional College of Veterinary opening up our shores to hundreds of Medicine creates another avenue for educational tourists seeking to pursue us to attract qualified students and we higher degrees is a significant feat for welcome it.” our small twin island state.“ Dean of Virginia-Maryland Regional College of New students in Veterinary Science Veterinary Medicine, Gerhardt Schurig will begin their degrees in Antigua at in his response stated “In five short the AUA campus from January 2010.

11 The Antigua and Barbuda High Commission Issue 135 - July/August 2009

Prime Minister The immediate transfer of the full amount of worship at the altar of political expediency US$50 million to the Government’s call but rather by those who persevere to the Honourable W. Baldwin account at the Eastern Caribbean Central end. Spencer Bank. Address to the Nation My Government has already engaged the This immediate and unconditional support citizenry on the creation of the National on the receipt of from Venezuela can be attributed to the Economic and Social Transformation Plan. US$50 Million from the principles which underpin ALBA – i.e. We will continue to fine tune and implement Bolivarian Republic of complementarity as an alternative to that plan. We will continue our quest to competition; solidarity as opposed to identify and implement improvements to Venezuela domination; cooperation as a our revenue collection while applying the 13th AUGUST, 2009 replacement for exploitation; and respect same level of diligence to the task of for sovereignty rather than corporate curtailing government spending. However, Citizens and Residents, the task of rule. It was my government’s firm belief in I assure you that at all time your governing a country is challenging in the these principles which led Antigua & government will ensure that the social best of times. Recently, the extent of the Barbuda to join ALBA in June this year. safety net is preserved. All practicable challenge has been exacerbated by a Less than two months after becoming steps will be taken to cushion the most number of developments which include official members of ALBA, Antigua & vulnerable in society from increasing the global financial crisis, the Stanford Barbuda has received this most tangible prices and other challenges. Therefore, debacle, the CLICO/British American benefit from the alternative development while it was absolutely necessary to dilemma, a general decline in the model which it promotes. increase the price of LPG, my Government construction sector and the increase in wishes to announce that instructions have unemployment resulting from these and Citizens and Residents, as your Chief been issued to PDV Caribe Antigua & other developments. While some within Servant and one who is fully committed to Barbuda Ltd. (the company set up to our society have sought to capitalize on safeguarding the quality of life for all operationalize the PetroCaribe Initiative) to these extrinsic factors by using them as a Antiguans and Barbudans, I want to assure identify a mechanism for providing a means of gaining cheap political mileage, you that this significant financial support targeted subsidy to those households those of us entrusted with the governance provided by the friendly nation of which simply cannot afford to sustain the of this country do not have the time or the Venezuela is completely without price increases. inclination to trivialize matters of such precondition. Based on the urgent nature grave national and regional importance. of our request and the terms proposed by I hasten to point out that, despite the plan the Ministry of Finance, President Chavez to introduce a targeted LPG subsidy, none You may be aware that the economy of has issued instructions for the transfer of among us should proceed with the naïve Antigua and Barbuda accounts for 25% of funds to be initiated immediately. expectation that it can be business as the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union. usual in this environment. Changes must When our economy is strong – as it was While I will leave it to the Minister of be made if we are to survive and thrive in under the stewardship of the United Finance to present the details of the this new environment. The Chinese Progressive Party until the global financial precise use to which the US$50 million will symbol for crisis is a combination of two crisis – all the OECS territories realized be put, I assure each and every Antiguan symbols – i.e. danger and opportunity. I spin-off benefits. Now that we are being and Barbudan that every penny of this call on all Antiguans and Barbudans to challenged by the largely extrinsic shocks amount will be dedicated to improving the prove to the world that, as a nation, we to our economy, our OECS neighbours quality of life in our country. To civil have the ability to seize the opportunity have rallied around us in support. The servants who have been anxious about that can be found amidst the danger; to support which my administration enjoys making preparations for the new school show that our love for country far exceeds comes not just from our Caribbean year at a time when salaries are late, I say partisan politics; that patriotism is not just neighbours but also from our brothers and that you can expect a reprieve; to the an outer garment which we put on when it sisters in ALBA.&nbs p; In particular, I wish unemployed construction workers, I is fashionable to do so, but rather th at it is to single out the Bolivarian Republic of assure you that these funds will help to like the blood that courses through our Venezuela. create new jobs for you; to the local veins – fundamental to our life. merchants who have been providing the Approximately four weeks ago, I government with goods and services, you In closing, I take the opportunity to thank approached the Minister of Foreign Affairs can expect payment on your accounts. In God for his continued guidance and of Venezuela with a request to discuss the general all citizens and residents are blessing; to thank the Government and possibility of getting assistance with expected to benefit from the injection of People of Venezuela for their generosity; Antigua and Barbuda fiscal problem. The this US$50 million into the economy. to thank civil servants and suppliers who initial response was favourable. Last week, have had to endure the hardship of late officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Citizens and Residents, even as we payments; and finally to thank the staff in and the Ministry of Finance travelled to express our appreciation for the support the Ministries of Finance and Foreign Caracas where they engaged in intense receive d from Venezuela, it is important to Affairs who worked diligently to make negotiations with their Venezuelan acknowledge that we are not out of the today’s announcement possible. counterparts. Following those discussions woods. We must continue to be prudent my Government submitted an official and to make the necessary adjustments in May God continue to bless Antigua and request for an immediate injection of keeping with the harsh realities that will Barbuda and all who truly love her! US$50 million. Today, I am pleased to continue to confront us as the financial __._,_.___ advise the nation that at one o’clock this crisis continues to play out on the world morning President Hugo Chavez signed stage. This race is certainly one that will the necessary paperwork to approve the not be won by the swift or by those who

12 The Antigua and Barbuda High Commission Issue 135 - July/August 2009

STATEMENT 1. US$35 million will be used as protection for the poor and by budgetary support and will allow the unemployed. Government to meet basic financial Hon. Harold Lovell obligations such as payment of wages It should be noted that while this Minister of Finance, the and salaries, and other payments that injection of US$50 million will be of Economy and Public will allow the Government to function enormous benefit to the Government Administration on a day to day basis. and People of Antigua and Barbuda, On Receipt of US$50 Million there still remain significant 2. US$7 million will be used for challenges that must be addressed from the Bolivarian Republic economic stimulus. Specifically, this over the coming months. As a nation, of Venezuela will involve construction projects with we will need to make some sacrifices particular emphasis on renovation and in order to overcome these difficulties The Government of Antigua and refurbishment of Government and emerge a stronger, more Barbuda is indeed very grateful for this buildings. This will create immediate prosperous nation. generous and timely financial support jobs for many Antiguans and from the Government and People of Barbudans and, upon completion of In this regard, the Government is the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. these renovation and refurbishment about to finalize the elements of its Like many developing countries, projects, the Government would be longer term strategy to restructure its including our Caribbean counterparts, better positioned to reduce debt and undertake some key fiscal Antigua and Barbuda has been facing expenditure on rental payments for reforms that are essential to ensuring considerable fiscal pressures as a office spaces through the utilization of the long term fiscal and economic result of the global economic and its newly renovated properties. The sustainability of Antigua and Barbuda. financial crisis, which has reduced resources saved in this regard will The implementation of this strategy economic activity and led to a then be channeled into other areas. will require considerable technical and substantial decline in the level of financial resources. As such, the Government revenues. The past few 3. US$6.5 million will be used for Government has engaged partners in months have been extremely enhancing revenue administration and discussions at the bilateral, regional challenging for the Government and expenditure management – this will and international levels in an effort to people of Antigua and Barbuda. In entail the acquisition of property to secure the requisite technical and response to these challenges, this house the Inland Revenue financial support. Government, under the unswerving Department (IRD). The IRD is leadership of Prime Minister Baldwin currently facing significant challenges On behalf of the People and Spencer, has been exploring a with effective tax administration due to Government of Antigua and Barbuda, number of options in an effort to severe limitations in respect of its I wish to thank the Government and ensure that Antigua and Barbuda can operating environment. It is expected People of the Bolivarian Republic of effectively manoeuvre these difficult that with a new base of operations and Venezuela for this unambiguous economic times. As indicated by the a comprehensive reorganization and expression of goodwill and solidarity. Honourable Prime Minister, we institutional strengthening exercise, There can be no question that the presented a proposal for assistance to the Inland Revenue Department will provision of this support is the Government of the Bolivarian be able to boost its level of revenue demonstrative of an innovative Republic of Venezuela on Thursday collection by at least 2 percentage approach to social and economic 6th August 2009 and were heartened points of GDP. The Government partnership – a partnership that is to receive a positive response within intends to complete the relocation and clearly premised on the principle of seven days. reorganization of the Inland Revenue shared development. We look Department by October 2009. forward to finalizing the terms of this This injection of funds will be arrangement, which will involve some extremely instrumental in allowing the Further, the resources allocated for grant element and a loan on very Government to close the fiscal gap in this purpose would be utilized to concessionary terms. 2009. In particular, the resources will finance the implementation of a be utilized in a manner that will help financial management system across Once again, I wish to say thank you to the Government to meet its recurrent all Government Ministries. The the Government of Venezuela. Also, obligations and to undertake a number Integrated Financial Management I wish to extend this Government’s of activities that would provide some System will afford the Ministry of appreciation to the people of Antigua economic stimulus, enhance revenue Finance greater control over and Barbuda for their patience and administration and collection, improve expenditure by line ministries and continued support. By working expenditure management, and thereby allow for better management together with the shared purpose of provide some social protection for the of fiscal accounts. creating a better nation, we will not poor and unemployed. only overcome these trying times but The remaining US$1.5 million will be will secure a bright future for Antigua The purposes for which the used to fund activities and and Barbuda. Government intends to utilize the programmes that provide social __._,_.___ US$50 million include:

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Antigua and Barbuda hosts South African mission to study remote gaming policies

The Antigua and Barbuda Financial Services Regulatory Commission (FSRC), the Division of Gaming for a week ending August 14, 2009 were hosts to the National Gambling Board of South Africa (NGB), who were on a National Gambling Board (NGB) Delegation and Financial Services fact finding mission. Regulatory Authority

The NGB is the regulatory body within chosen to understudy their detailed Administration, Harold Lovell, the South Africa responsible for national policy and regulatory framework to FSRC Board of Directors, key policy and development for land strengthen before implementation of government agencies, officials and based gaming and will also be our legislation that sees to legalise gaming operators. responsible for the supervision of and regulate online gambling." interactive gaming and interactive At the culmination of the exercise the wagering. Ms. Mojo extended her appreciation NGB received an understanding of the for the gracious hospitality provided issues surrounding interactive gaming It is a first visit of this nature by the during this fact finding mission. and interactive wagering as they NGB to Antigua and Barbuda and it is intend to license operators in the in an effort towards strengthening their The FSRC Chairperson, Althea Crick future, adding to the already existing ties with gaming regulators worldwide. expressed her pleasure in receiving services within South Africa such as the NGB, and stated, “I am particularly land based casino, pari-mutuel South Africa in July 2008 enacted heartened by the selection of the wagering on horse racing, bingo and remote legislation and is now in the jurisdiction by the NGB as it payout slot machines. process of developing the supportive underscores the confidence placed by regulations. The jurisdiction of Antigua the international community on our Kaye McDonald, Director of Gaming and Barbuda is one of three regulatory and supervisory machinery, commented that she was pleased that jurisdictions selected by the NGB to it also is a demonstration of the inter- the jurisdiction was selected with other assist in the development of their connectivity of the global regulatory internationally recognized jurisdictions licensing and regulatory regime. regime, sharing and working together like the United Kingdom and Alderney to achieve and sustain international involved in licencing and regulating The NGB Deputy Chairman and best practices.” remote gaming. Acting CEO, Mmathebe (Thebi) Moja stated, “The NGB as a member of the The delegation was exposed to a The Director of Gaming views this International Association of Gaming series of presentations covering a initiative as undoubtedly an Regulators recognises the FSRC, broad range of regulatory, licencing opportunity to advance the profile of Division of Gaming of Antigua and and supervisory policies, inclusive of Antigua and Barbuda internationally as Barbuda as a leader in remote gaming meetings with the Minister of Finance, a highly regarded and well regulated regulation, and therefore NGB has the Economy and Public remote gaming jurisdiction.

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Dearest Florence

You are gone, but never to be forgotten. Tributes were given, songs were sung and prayers said. Tears were shed, but smiles were seen as we remembered you fondly. Your lifelong friends spoke glowingly of you. Oh what a pleasure it was when you visited your former colleagues a mere two and a half weeks before you were no longer.

Goodbye friend, colleague ... No more sorrow, no more pain. ”The Master is come and calleth for thee.” John 11. Verse 28

Mrs Florence Louise Cash (nee Crump), former Tourism Officer, passed away on 27th July 2009.

legal resident residing in the twin- legal residency and registration at the Unemployment benefit island state for no less than three Labour Department. Unemployment programme to be years. assistance payments will range from $300 weekly or $1,200 monthly for the resumed The applicant must have contributed period of unemployment, up to a for one year prior to the maximum of 13 weeks for any 52- Minister of Finance, Harold Lovell commencement of unemployment to week period. says the program will commence the Education Levy, Social Security shortly and will be funded through a and Medical Benefits Scheme and Minister Lovell says the Government US$50 million bail out from made all relevant personal income tax will still formally approach the Venezuela. payments for a minimum of 12 months. International Monetary Fund for Other stipulations: candidates must assistance. The Minister noted that The Social Security Board will manage be out of work for at least four weeks, the recent US$50 million cash the Unemployment Assistance Fund candidates cannot be of pensionable injection will help solve short-term on behalf of the government. age, and they have been employed by economic problems but the a company that downsized due to the Government will still have to seek All applications for benefits should be ongoing economic crisis or after options for the long-term. The sent in to the Social Security Board for October 1, 2008. Applicants are Government is open to pursuing all review. To qualify, an applicant must required to provide proof of lay-off, available avenues. be a citizen, temporary resident, or citizenship, temporary residency or

It was the first stop of a near month- The Antigua Dance Academy’s next Antigua Dance long tour of Europe for the Antiguan stop after Billingham is France for performers ranging in age from 10 up. another international folk dance Academy Tours festival. Europe The group, who joins dancers from Poland, Peru, Thailand and several “A lot of these European countries by English counties, seem to be hitting it have these festivals so we seize the Observer Entertainment News - off very well with the event’s opportunity to participate,” Ms. organisers as Choreographer Yearwood said. A contingent of 23 artistes from The Veronica Yearwood says her dancers Antigua Dance Academy took part in are getting a lot of work. The Antigua Dance Academy the Billingham International Folklore specialises in Caribbean folk dance Festival – one of international dance “We are the group with the youngest performed not with recorded music and song with lots of colour. This dancers and they’re so impressed but accompanied by percussionists event runs from August 1 to 8 each with the fact that we have such young and singers. year, and features Folk dance and children that they’ve been using us traditions from the Cook Islands to every day,” she said, backstage The contingent returned to Antigua Poland alongside an international between performances. and Barbuda on August 22. craft fair.

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The facts of the Case lands and the subsequent sale to only is hereby dismissed with Gaston Browne of the subdivided judgment for the Claimants on this Attorney-General and parcel, and therefore both the issue in the claim; National Parks Authority subdivision and the sale had been vs Gaston Browne and bad in law and that Mr. Browne’s 8. Judgment for the Claimant registration as owner would have to against the 1st defendant on the claim Vere Bird Jr. be cancelled. However, the Court that the subdivision, sale, transfer held that the approval to sell having and registration of the parcel of land been given by Cabinet, the High Court Claim was in contravention of the National sale/purchase agreement subsists, Parks Act; No. 0351/2005 subject to the required approval from Attorney General and National and consultation with the National 9. The sale, subdivision, transfer Parks Authority Parks Authority being sought. v and registration of the land, to wit, Gaston Browne and Vere C Bird Jr. parcel 404 of Block: 35 2580A in The case was heard in June 2008, Registration Section: English Harbour and decision delivered on July 31 to Gaston Browne was effected 2009. For the reasons given in the Gaston Browne had purchased 3 without prior written approval or judgment, the High Court ordered as acres of Crown lands at English consultation with the National Parks follows: Harbour within the Nelson’s Dockyard Authority, contrary to section 20(1) National Park at the Cabinet- and 24(2) respectively of the National 1. That the subject parcel of land established concessionary price of Parks Act; Therefore: falls under the National Parks Act, EC$25,000 an acre. He paid for the cap. 290 and forms part of the lands on February 12, 2004, six days (i) the transfer of the parcel of Nelson’s Dockyard National Park; before the Cabinet decision to sell land is void ab initio; him the lands on February 18, 2004. (ii) the registration of the said 2. Consultation with the Parks No valuation of the land was done parcel in the name of Gaston Browne Authority is required in the before the sale, and in 2006, it was is null and void ab initio; circumstances of this case, under assessed at a value of EC$1.4M in (iii) the subdivision of the said section 24(2) of the Act; 2004, the year of purchase. parcel of land is null and void ab initio; (iv) as a result of the above 3. Prior written approval by the The lands were subject to the declarations and findings, Gaston Parks Authority is required in the National Parks Act but no approval Browne is to deliver up the land circumstances of this case under had been requested or obtained from certificate in respect of the said parcel section 22(1) of the Act; the National Parks Authority as of land to the Registrar to be dealt required by section 22(1) of the Act; with in accordance with the law; 4. No adequate or sufficient additionally, although section 24(2) (v) the Cabinet decision and the consultation in respect of dealings required the Crown to consult with the Government’s agreement for the sale with the subject parcel of land took Authority before disposing of the of the said parcel of land to Gaston place on the facts of this case to lands, there was no record of any Browne is valid and still subsists, satisfy the provisions of the National such consultations taking place subject to the National Parks Act and Parks Act and more specifically although the evidence indicated that the law; section 24(2) of the Act; some of the members of the Board (vi) that Gaston Browne be at had been told by the Chairman who liberty to cause compliance with the 5. There was no prior written was aware of Mr. Browne’s interest in National Parks Act. The Court approval or other adequate or purchasing the lands. expresses no opinion on the process sufficient approval by the 2nd named or its outcome; and The Court found that there was no Claimant in respect of the subject (vii) that success in the matter evidence of misfeasance in public parcel of land to satisfy the being evenly balanced, each party to office against either defendant given requirements of section 22(1) of the bear its own costs. the fact that the sale was in Act; accordance with an established and Senior Counsel Anthony Astaphan previously followed Cabinet policy, 6. No case of misfeasance in public represented Gaston Browne and and that any issue with the policy office or any other case having been Kelvin John represented Vere Bird jr. would have to be brought against the made out against the 2nd Defendant, entire Cabinet, and not just two the case against him is hereby Representing the Attorney General members, one of whom had benefited dismissed with costs, pursuant to the and the National Parks Authority, who from the approved transaction. The CPR 2000; brought the action, was the Attorney Court however found that neither 7. No case of misfeasance in public General himself and with him Crown consultation with or approval by the office having been made out against Counsel Ms. Alicia Aska. __._,_.___ National Parks Authority had been the 1st Defendant, the case against obtained for the subdivision of the him for misfeasance in public office

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17 The Antigua and Barbuda High Commission Issue 135 - July/August 2009

property to her nephew Samuel on 29th March 1900 established there the Educational Past – condition that he married one of her Theological Seminary known as Mico College nieces. If the marriage did not take Buxton Grove. Later these buildings place, the money was to be used to would be occupied by the Antigua help free Englishmen enslaved by the Girls High School. by E.T. Henry pirates off the coast of North Africa. Samuel did not marry any of his At the time of emancipation in Antigua cousins and the money remained 1835 After emancipation, Mico on the 1st of August 1834 some 23,350 untouched for over a century and a funds of the 17th century used for men and women passed from slavery half. When Lady Mico’s will was education of slave children. into freedom. A freedom which was by examined it was discovered that the far more beneficial to their owners estate had grown to the value of one 1838 A Mico formal school than it was to the slaves themselves. hundred and twenty thousand pounds established which continued until 1899. sterling. By this time there were no The Sugar Planters received from the more victims of the Barbary coast 1839 Mico Charity sponsored 8 British Treasury by way of raids to be freed and the authorities of primary schools with 635 students. compensation for the slaves they lost, the Mico Trust were persuaded to put four hundred and fifteen thousand the money to the education of the 1839 A Mico school opened in seven hundred pounds sterling. In ex-slaves in the West Indies. addition they received a large and Bermuda Valley. Another plantation school. captive workforce who had no choice 1840, the Mico Charity was operating other than to accept the poor wages 196 schools in most of the islands, 1839 Mico school opened on Union paid to them. The erstwhile slaves, with colleges for the training of Estate 50 enrolled, only 5 schooled received no restitution for the ills done teachers in some of them. There can before. to them, yet all was not lost. Even be no doubt that the Mico institution in notional freedom was more Antigua played an important role and 1839 Mico Charity infant school acceptable than the brutal captivity in provided a service of the highest opened at Tomlinson for under 8 years. which they were held by the quality in its educational establishment plantocrats. In spite of repressive laws during these early years. A Reverend 1850 In schools of the established cleverly designed to keep them as John Horsford writing in St Vincent in church there were 1,850 children, captive labour for the sugar 1856 had this to say, “Education is still Moravian: 994 Methodist: 537 Mico: plantations, many of them were armed in some places a work of the future, 243. with the ability to read and write and but the Mico institution in Antigua were considered to be far better furnished an admirable academy for 1856 The Mico institution was at educated than their counterparts on the training of youth.” Mico continued Buxton Grove. other islands. its service to the islands contributing to the education of teachers and religious 1876 Mico Model School ranked This happy circumstance came about leaders. Many a teacher in St Kitts, best primary school by Horsford’s as a result of the dedicated and Barbados, Trinidad, Tobago, Almanac. arduous effects of he Moravians, the Windward Islands owed his Methodist, and to a lesser extent the outstanding performance in his 1891 The Mico School turned out a Anglicans who for decades preceding profession to the education he supply of teachers. emancipation had worked among the received at the Mico Training College slaves, in the face of serious odds. in Antigua. They managed to maintain schools 1899 1890’s average attendance at the Mico Training College was 20 and and provide adults as well as children th In 1886, the 50 anniversary of the at Spring Gardens 13. with secular and religious education. establishment of the Trust, the In 1836 there were small schools all Secretary of the Mico Charity, the 1900 29th Mico property was bought over the island and a grant from the Reverend I. W. Gedge M.A., paid a by the Moravians, established the British Government the year before visit to the West Indies and on his Theological Seminary known as the had to some extent eased the return prepared a very favourable Buxton Grove. pressure placed on the religious bodies. report on the Antigua institution. However, all good things will come to 1902 The Moravian Mico school In the 1840’s a fortuitous event took an end oft times seemingly too soon. place in the educational systems of the was the headquarters of a Debating Society. colonies when Mico colleges were The end of the century saw the end of established in the region. The funds the Mico Charity in Antigua. The for the Mico Trust were derived from foundation for a solid education future Reprinted from the will of a certain Lady Mico, an had been laid down. In 1899 the Englishwoman. In 1666 she The Historical & Archaeological property was put up for sale and was Society Newsletter No. 106 bequeathed a sum of money and bought by the Moravians who on the Museum of Antigua and Barbuda

18 The Antigua and Barbuda High Commission Issue 135 - July/August 2009

Continued from page 2 Governor General entered a particular Governance, made up of function. transparency, accountability [I always maintain that we and integrity have the best designed As a trained member of the Junior Chamber International Senate Body national flag in the world • Offer support for other (some of you may remember this Antiguans and Barbudans in (smile)]. organisation as the “Jaycees”, I have always heard of the axiom, show all laudable undertakings respect for the office even though you If the answer to all of these is an are at variance with the person who • Rally fellow Antiguans and unconditional “yes”, then the green holds that office for the moment. Barbudans wherever they are shoots of nationalism are showing. into potential influencing But I can sadly state that on a number What else can we do to nurture these groups for the furtherance of of occasions I have observed the green shoots of nationalism? I offer our national objectives converse. Not too long ago, I was at a just a few of my thoughts: national event when our national • Ensure that Antigua and anthem was played. Barely half of If each of us attempt to be guided by Barbuda is recognised for those present bothered to move. these ideas and to offer our full Some of those present were only good things support, whether financial or prompted into action when their otherwise then the green shoots of neighbours acted. I also noticed on • Ensure that our Parliamentary nationalism will indeed blossom into a another occasion how reluctantly System is grounded on fully grown tree of National Pride. Let some persons stirred when the Honour and Good us therefore work together for the common good and this strong ideal.

Continued from page 1 the rain that fell in the early hours of the title of calypso monarch. Runners up morning did not deter the attendees were Ivena and De Bear who both gave Carnival officially started on the 25th July who swayed and jumped-up to the soca strong and entertaining performances. under the theme of “It’s yours, It’s mine” beats. Melting Pot was followed by with the usual parade around town. The Panorama which crowned LIME It was now time for the parading and procession was then led into the Hellsgate Steel Orchestra, captained by judging of the troupes, which those of all Antigua Recreation Ground where soca Marlon Dyer, the winners of the pan ages look forward to. To kick off the artists and calypsonians performed to competition. The show, as usual, parades was of course, J’ouvert the crowds. Many people attended the involved different renditions of popular morning, which had returned to the show and it left them anticipating the songs and also some original pieces. original route around town but ended rest of the music and pageantry events. earlier than usual much to the dismay of The final pageantry show was Jaycees the revelers. However there was still The first music show was the children’s Caribbean Queen Show which brought plenty of music playing, whether from a carnival, which saw lots of people come all the regional queens together. There hi-fi, a live band or an iron band and out to support the young children were singing, dancing and other people jammed right through. Of course involved. The Queen of Carnival as wonderful talents which made the show the jamming continued right through usual, was a successful event, but due a spectacular event. The winner of the Monday and Tuesday as mas players to bad weather, on the night, the show was Antiguan Queen, 21 year-old took over the streets of St. John’s in Costume segment was not judged. This Shelana George. George had had only their flamboyant and colourful costumes. was due to the first delegate being 4 days to prepare for Jaycees after Locals and tourists alike flocked to the knocked to the ground by the strong winning the Queen of Carnival on side streets to show their appreciation winds which caught the large carnival Monday night. and admire the lovely costume parade. costume she wore and pulled her down. The winners of the different sections Other than this mishap, the show was With popular artists, Tizzy and Claudette were awarded on Tuesday evening in well staged and very entertaining. The “CP” Peters not participating in the much the Antigua Recreation Ground before Teen Splash pageant followed in suit of anticipated Party Monarch show, the crowds returned to the streets for the Queen Show and showed promising spectators didn’t know what to expect. the traditional Last Lap. At midnight the performances from students from But with both the jumpy and groovy sound systems were cut off and the different schools in Antigua and Barbuda. category of the show jam packed it was jamming came to a halt which signified no surprise that it was a great, the end of Antigua Carnival 2009. Wednesday was the night when the entertaining evening for all that came grounds of Carnival City were truly along. The popular 24-year-old, Tian With little trouble but lots of packed with soca lovers. The crowds Winter, was reigned winner of both the entertainment over the two weeks of flocked to see regional stars Kevin categories. Carnival, it was a great success and left Lyttle, Shurwayne Winchester and Iwer people thinking and feeling positively of George amongst other Antiguan Artists The final show was the Calypso the Carnival season. It was mine, it was at the Melting Pot extravanganza. Even Monarch Competition and well known yours, it was Antigua Carnival 2009. Calypsonian King Zacari was given the The Antigua and Barbuda High Commission Issue 135 - July/August 2009 Scenes of Antigua Carnival 2009

Pictures above of Jouvert morning revellers and below - Troupes and Groups

Above - Carnival revellers and below - Queen of Carnival receiving prizes

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