introducing health and wellbeing technologies

Final report of the mHealth booster project, 17/12/2014

Authors: Frank Ryhänen Paula Lehto Eeva Järveläinen Katariina Raij Anniina Honkonen Katja Tikkanen Laura Aaltonen

Layout: Irma Savolainen, Jukka Malkamäki

ISBN 978-951-799-407-1

3 mHealth booster 2014 contents

introduction ...... 7 4.3 user tests from the perspective of the elderly ...... 28 abstract ...... 8 4.3.1 results of user tests ...... 30 4.3.2 summary of product testing ...... 31 1 Introduction ...... 9 4.4 assessment results from the perspective of experts ...... 32 1.1 technology-assisted independent living ...... 9 4.5 health and wellbeing technology to support young people in 1.2 Premises and backbround for the project ...... 10 managing everyday life ...... 35 4.5.1 Premises and process of the Nuorten Kaupunki (Young People’s City) project...... 35 2 objective and tasks of the project ...... 11 4.5.2 results from the perspective of the young ...... 37 2.1 Project targets...... 11 4.5.3 results from the perspective of youth workers ...... 39 2.2 objective and tasks of the project research ...... 12 4.5.4 conclusions, good practices and ideas for further development ...... 41

3 action research as an environmental developer ...... 13 5 mHealth booster as a promoter of business ...... 43 3.1 action research as a methodological premise ...... 13 5.1 Mapping the competence and labour needs of companies ...... 43 3.2 data collection and analysis ...... 15 5.2 training and coaching for companies and ICT professionals ...... 44 3.2.1 Participants ...... 15 5.3 results of the company survey ...... 45 3.2.2 Material and its analysis ...... 16

6 mHealth booster as a developer of competence ...... 46 4 action research results ...... 18 4.1 Planning of the technology development environments ...... 18 7 Discussion ...... 51 4.2 technology development environments ...... 22 7.1 ethical issues ...... 51 4.2.1 soukka Service Centre (health and wellbeing kiosk) ...... 22 7.2 reliability analysis ...... 51 4.2.2 health and Wellbeing Marketplace at Tapiola Health Center ...... 24 7.3 results analysis ...... 51 4.2.3 teknologialainaamo® ...... 25 7.4 Future challenges ...... 53 4.2.5 summary of technology development environment implementation ...... 27 references ...... 55 appendix ...... 59

mHealth booster 2014 4 5 mHealth booster 2014 Introduction

Utilisation of mobile technologies plays a key role in developing new solutions for social and health care services. Important factors include emphasising an individual’s self-care, increased use of information technology, and growing de- mand for services aimed directly at consumers. The mHealth booster project has contributed to promoting the development and introduction of health and wellbeing technology products and services in the Espoo and Vantaa technology de- velopment environments, thus allowing compa- ny offerings and user needs to meet.T he aim of the project was to increase jobs in the mHealth sector and target them to available ICT professio- nals and to promote and increase the business of mHealth companies. The mHealth booster project was prepared in cooperation with Culminatum Innovation Oy Ltd. The project began on 1 August 2013 and ended on 31 December 2014. It was funded by the European Social Fund and the Centre for Economic Development, Transport and Environ- ment for Uusimaa. The mHealth booster pro­ject has targeted Laurea’s profile and focus areas very well and has supported cooperation with companies and the construction of user-centred environments. We want to thank the cities of Espoo and Vantaa the participating health and wellbeing techno- logy companies for this valuable collaboration. We also want to thank the Centre for Economic Development, Transport and Environment for Uusimaa for making this project possible. A spe- cial thank you goes to the project actors and Lau- rea’s students for their active development work.

Espoo and Vantaa 24/11/2014

Tuula Kilpinen taina Viiala Director Director Laurea Otaniemi laurea Tikkurila

7 mHealth booster 2014 Abstract 1 introduction

As a result of the ongoing structural change in countries, it was found out that although a lot Bringing technology to the social and health clients, experts from social and health care and the ICT industry, the number of people entering of technology innovations are being produced, care as well as to the public sector is the result youth services sectors as well as from education, the Uusimaa labour market is higher than in any they are not well utilised in the social and health of collaboration. Bringing together technology companies and students. There were altogether 75 other region of the country. With regard to ex- care sector. These results are similar to the chal- companies and users, equipment trials and va- elderly people, 29 experts and 15 young people tending the careers of these professionals and lenges described in the Active and Healthy rious pilots have all been part of the mHealth who participated in the research. Interviews were ensuring the conditions for growth in the region, Ageing 2011 report (JADE 2012). booster project. The use of information techno- used to map the benefits of technology in mana- it is of utmost importance to rapidly focus that Reasons for this, that were common to both, logy in health care, self-care, and in services for ging everyday life, the understanding of actors’ and competence to support new growth. included the public sector’s ignorance of the the elderly is a trend and will create ever more users’ experiences with the equipment as an aide to The global health and health and wellbeing mar- existence of technological solutions, user igno- jobs for skilled ICT-people. well-being, as well as the impact of development ket will grow at an annual rate of approximately rance concerning technology solutions, a lack The objective of mHealth booster project was to environments on the development of technology. 6% to a value of more than 15.4 billion euros by of training, and economic factors. The JADE research, develop, plan and produce development The development environments piloted in the 2030. Demand is particularly high in the follo- pro­ject continued until 2014 and, based on the environments that utilise well-being technology, mHealth booster project have proven to be useful wing areas: self-care, use of information techno- above-mentioned results, various countries at- and also to evaluate the opportunities generated in providing guidance and advice. The companies logy in health care, and services and solutions tempted to develop new solutions to increase by the environments to promote health and well- have gained concrete benefits from the project both aimed at the elderly. Identifying new business the use of technology. being of people, and to support coping at home. in mapping client needs and in developing skills opportunities in a fast-growing industry can Many earlier projects (cf. Laurea’s CaringTV 2005 The intention was to create meeting places where through training. On the other hand, it is difficult allow ICT companies to find rapidly increasing – 2012) have concluded that increasing social companies could test and demonstrate their pro- to demonstrate all the potential of the development demand for their applications and subsequently and health care costs are a major challenge to ducts directly to users in real-life environments. environments for promoting companies’ sales. recruit new employees as growth occurs. the introduction of technological solutions and The objective of the project was to promote the The exploitation of mobile technology in the social One particular characteristic of the structural eHealth services. On the other hand, municipa- establishment of well-being technology products and health care, and particularly in the public sector, change in the ICT industry in the capital area is lities admit that the challenges presented by and services to support people’s well-being, reha- still requires development. However, the mHealth the fact that people with a very wide range of population ageing require a search for techno- bilitation, coping at home, and life management. booster project has enabled client needs and hopes skills become available. The primary challenge is logical solutions. One example of this is the City In addition, the aim was to increase the technology to be mapped, and has been able to give excellent ensuring that the services and products supplied of Vantaa’s Ageing Policy and Implementation skills, and to generate knowledge about the appli- visibility to well-being technology companies and by the companies would meet the demand. Gai- Plan (VIKSU), under which the ’New techno- cation of technology-based solutions. solutions. ning access to the health and wellbeing market logy in use’ service promise working group was The activities of the project are grouped under also requires knowledge of health care system estab­lished. The working group’s measures spe- three areas: Experts, Companies and Development Key words: eHealth, mHealth, procurement processes, competitive tendering cified, for example, that the city will participate Environments. The Experts area aimed at focussing well-being technology, coping at practices, standardisation requirements, and in technology development with companies ICT professionals on the rapidly growing well- health care reimbursement and financing mo- and research and development institutes, and being sector. The Companies were targeted to be home, development environment, dels. The small size of companies and narrow ser- establish a technology­ library. Both Vantaa and active actors and product developers for whom the user-centred approaches, action vice offering also presents challenges to interna- Espoo worked with Laurea and other stakehol- project provided opportunities to meet with the research, elderly, young people, tionalisation, as does the lack of suitable product ders to develop the technology library as a radi- end users. The Development Environments were user-centred. technology development environments. cal solution for renewing health services and the meeting places where different players could try service structure. The lending expertise of the out the solutions. Piloted environments were te- 1.1 Technology-assisted independent city libraries was utilised when developing the chnology demonstration points in Soukka Service living technology library concept. The aim was to apply Center and Tapiola Health Center in Espoo, the action research to pilot a technology library in Technology Library at Tikkurila library in Vantaa, Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Aalto Vantaa. The project impact study was aimed at and a mobile application for young people. University took part in the European JADE pro- proving the importance of the technology library The project was based on action research in which ject (FP7-REGIONS-2010-1), Joining innovative as part of renewed preventive work, an enabler new information and activities were produced in Approaches for the integration and Develop- of eHealth solution usage, a factor for increasing the different stages of the project together with the ment of transnational knowledge clusters po- recognition of company expertise, and to impro- participants. The participants in the project were licies related to independent living of Elderly. ve growth possibilities. Based on SWOT analyses performed in different mHealth booster 2014 8 9 mHealth booster 2014 1.2 Premises and background for the challenge is the rigidity and slowness of procu- project rement processes, which can in part be eased 2 Objective and tasks by dialogue between municipalities and com- The premises affecting the need for and plan- panies. of the project ning of the project were the growth in the use During the preparation phase of the mHealth of information technology in health care, an booster project, information about business de- emphasis on self-care, the increasing demand velopment needs was collected from the follo- for services for the elderly, the identified deve- wing companies: Ekahau Inc., Beddit Ltd, Modz lopment needs in the business and client com- Oy, Aino Active Oy, Traxmeet Ltd, Vivago Oy, petence of health and wellbeing technology Mari­Mils Oy, NEARPARENT Oy, Commtabs Oy, companies, and a lack of user-centred techno- Oppifi Oy, Extensive Life Oy, and Vitasensis Oy. 2.1 Project targets logy development environments. The following experts were heard during pro- The activities of the project are grouped under The m/eHealth industry report (Virta 2012) per- ject preparation: Tuula Palmen, Business Oulu The mHealth booster project has promoted the three areas: Experts, Companies and Technology formed by Culminatum Innovation Oy Ltd in (concerning e.g. the structural change in the ICT establishment of health and wellbeing techno- development environments. 2011-2012 in Uusimaa identified more than 100 industry in Oulu and the Avaus project); Terhi logy products and services to support people’s The Experts area of the project has promoted the health technology companies in which mobile Kajaste, Healthtech Finland FiHTA; Topi Hanhela, health and wellbeing, rehabilitation, coping at establishment of health and wellbeing techno- technology already played a key operational Health 2.0; Jaakko Talvitie, Digile (SHOK); Culmi- home and life management. logy products and services to support people’s role. The identified companies developed so- natum Innovation Oy Ltd management group The actual target groups of the project are experts health and wellbeing. However, skilled workforce lutions for health care and elderly care service and experts; Taina Tukiainen, Culminatum Inno- who may have become unemployed during the is needed for the design of solutions that utilise processes, physical activity and health and well- vation, ’working group on the structural change structural change in the ICT industry as well as technologies, and this may become available as a being applications and, to an increasing extent, in the ICT industry; Tuomas Teuri, Sitra, Taltioni SMEs and the applicable parts of their personnel. result of the structural change in the ICT industry. applications to support the self-care of indivi- project; and representatives of different sectors Indirect target groups are professionals in pub- One of the project aims has been to focus this duals. The Taltioni self-care service platform of- in the capital area cities. In addition, experts lic sector social and health care and education. expertise on the rapidly growing health and well- fered companies a platform for developing glo- from Forum Virium Helsinki participated in pro- Technology development environment­ activities being industry. The project has provided availab- bally competitive services. ject brainstorming and sharing experiences may have also provided the third sector with new le professionals with information about open In Uusimaa, nearly all of the people entering the from similar projects, Greater Helsinki Promotion solutions and benefits.T he people responsible jobs, interaction opportunities with companies labour market are trained experts. In addition to experts took part in defining the activities and for procurement at participating companies that need professionals in the form of recruiting ICT, the range of skills possessed by the available targets of the mHealth network, and VTT experts have also benefited from the project. events and a LinkedIn group, and training in so- professionals is extensive (including HR, marke- assisted in performing an industry survey. cial and health care industry skills. ting and project management). Discussions with public and private health care The project targets were: The Companies area targeted health and well- were utilised when planning the project, and being technology companies that were active establishment events held in Laurea’s focus • To utilise health and wellbeing technology solu- product developers and striving to grow their The report highlighted three central de- areas (such as Expertise in Nursing and Coping tions developed by companies, and to facilitate business. The aim of the project was to promote velopment trends in terms of creating at Home) highlighted the need for eHealth ser- the demonstration, testing and development of and grow company business, increase business vices. these solutions expertise, and assist in bringing together com- market potential in electronic health In October 2012, Culminatum Innovation Oy Ltd • To support the health and wellbeing and inde- pany offerings and user needs. Companies have care and wellbeing services: and Laurea University of Applied Sciences Ltd pendent living of elderly people through techno- been provided with access to training in business applied for funding from the European Social logical solutions expertise, tailored coaching, workshops, and ot- • A rapidly ageing population 65+ Fund through the Centre for Economic Develop- • To promote the health and wellbeing of young her networking possibilities. • Growing interest in health and wellbeing and ment, Transport and Environment for Uusimaa. people and their ability to cope with everyday The Technology development environments preventing illness During project negotiations, Culminatum Inno- tasks through technological solutions area involved planning and implementing • Information system renewals in health and in vation, which was the main implementer in the • To promote the commercial operations of user-centred technology development environ- health care organisations original application, and Laurea UAS, which was health and wellbeing technology companies ments where it was possible to test products and the sub-implementer, agreed that Laurea Uni- • To boost the development of business compe- services together with end users, companies and The challenges of ensuring that supply meets versity of Applied Sciences would serve as the tencies experts. In addition to being used for testing, all demand were discussed at the ’Procurement applicant and implementing organisation for • To promote employment in the health and well­ of the technology development environments processes for a health care organisation – how the project. Funding from the Southern Finland being technology industry, especially for ICT pro- served as places where staff and students who do supply and demand meet successfully’ se- regional sections of the ESF Programme for Con- fessionals were working with customer groups could ob- minar held on 25 September 2012, where defi- tinental Finland was granted on 7 June 2013, and • To advance the technological competencies of tain training and guidance. The technology de- ciencies in integration and procurement skills the project began as a joint project of Laurea’s staff and students in a real-life operating envi- velopment environments piloted during the were identified as development needs in terms Otaniemi and Tikkurila units on 1 August 2013. ronment project were the health and wellbeing kiosk and of companies’ business expertise. For SMEs, the • To produce research data on the role of techno- demonstration points at Soukka Service Centre logical solutions and the health and wellbeing marketplace de- monstration point at Tapiola Health Center in

mHealth booster 2014 10 11 mHealth booster 2014 Espoo, the demonstration point and Teknologia- and customer health and wellbeing and coping lainaamo® technology library at Tikkurila library at home? 3 ACTION RESEARCH AS AN in Vantaa, and a mobile application to support life management for young people who need 4. What impacts do health and wellbeing techno- ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPER special support and guidance. logy products and services have on customer health and wellbeing and coping with everyday 2.2 Objective and tasks of the project tasks from the viewpoint of experts’ work (cost research efficiency), companies’ business, and producing competence? The objective of the mHealth project research was to study, develop, plan and produce techno- 3.1 Action research as a methodological logy development environments that utilise participatory and self-monitored and it gene- health and wellbeing technology, and to evalua- premise rally requires cooperation (Heikkinen 2001). Ac- te the potential of the environments with regard tion research focuses on human activities, and to promoting the health and wellbeing and sup- The mHealth booster project was based on action the purpose is to develop practices in a better porting independent living for customer groups research, in which new information and activities direction. Its objective is to study interaction-ba- of different ages.T he aim was to implement were produced in the different stages of the pro- sed social reality in order to change it and thus customer-centred technology development en- ject together with the participants. Containing change reality, so that it could be researched. vironments in which health and wellbeing com- pragmatic and sociological elements, action re- In action research, the researcher plays an ac- panies can test, offer and sell their health and search combines action and research (cf. Cohen tive role and influences the change (Heikkinen wellbeing technology products and services to & Manion 1980, Heikkinen 2006). Action research 2006). The mHealth booster project used data customers and experts in an operating environ- is a philosophical approach to researching real collection and material analysis to find factors ment with the lowest possible threshold. and immediate problems. Action research uti- and problems that prevented elderly people The project collaborated with customers to in- lises a variety of research methods (Heikkinen from coping at home, and to find potential new vestigate the user applicability of products and 2001). Action research is based on a critical and solutions to promote the coping at home. services utilising health and wellbeing techno- emancipatory knowledge interest, the aim of The principles of action research highlight the logy, as well as cost efficiency from the perspec­ which is to develop new activity and achieve following issues: work life orientation, user-orien- tive of selected customer groups, selected ser- change (Kyrö 2004). The focus of action research tation, striving for practical development, a star- vices and technology solutions. The applicability is to achieve change in a certain situation. The ting point of a shared and jointly experienced of health and wellbeing technology products objective is not to produce scientific knowledge problem, examining the reliability of key as- was assessed with customers, experts and com- that can be generalised but to find knowledge sumptions and challenges, adapting to flexible panies in the home environment and the service that targets a specific situation or purpose and activity and the possibility of error, accepting house environment. The competence of elderly which can be used as the basis for developing that there are no right answers, and validation customers, experts and companies were exa- a new theory (see Cohen and Manion 1980, of all requirements through a precise, verifiable mined from the perspective of needs and new 208–227). Action research is suitable for situa- process (Morton-Cooper 2000). According to a competence. tions in which the goal is to change something summary presented by Heikkinen (2006), action and simultaneously increase understanding and research is an intervention-based, practical, par- In particular, the study looked for knowledge about the activities and the change. ticipatory, reflective, and social process. ans­wers to the following questions: Action research is problem-oriented and it can Participatory action research (cf. Creswell 2005) also be described as a critical-reflective research emphasises the importance of the participants’ model in which the philosophical approach in- role. People are encouraged and empowered to 1. What kind of health and wellbeing technology cludes both practice-based and human-centred address issues in order for development to be in products and services promote independent li- elements (see Morton-Cooper 2000). their best interests. The research process in action ving and coping with everyday tasks? The mHealth booster project involved planning research is such that the research subjects are and implementing a new type of technology active participants in the change and research 2. What understanding/expectations/user expe- development environments with various par- processes, research focuses on practice and is, as riences/evaluations do customers, experts, and ticipants. These environments gave customers, a process, cyclical in nature, which means alter- entrepreneurs have regarding the application of experts, entrepreneurs, students and researchers nating between planning, activities and assess- health and wellbeing technology and services the chance to find and create possibilities for co- ment. In the mHealth booster project, different to supporting health and wellbeing and coping ping at home with the help of technology pro- actors participated in and influenced the process with everyday tasks? ducts and solutions. The operating culture is cha- in different phases, thus linking operational plan- racterised by simultaneous action and research ning, implementation and assessment with real 3. How does the technology development envi- with the goal of achieving immediate, practical situations and events throughout the process. ronment affect the development of health and benefits from the research. It is situation-linked, wellbeing technology products and services mHealth booster 2014 12 13 mHealth booster 2014 Action research involves analysing the back- The critical elements of reflection and dialogue 3.2 data collection and analysis ground of activities, reflecting on and developing play a key role in action research when the tar- alternatives for solving problems and achieving get is practical activities (Caughan & Coughan goals, and producing new knowledge and ope- 2002, Kuula 2000, Reason & Bradbury 2008). The 3.2.1 Participants rating methods (see Aaltola & Syrjälä 1999, Kuula participants in the mHealth booster project were 2000, Heikkinen 2001). The basic foundation for customers and their significant others, social and The participants in the project were elderly customers, social and health care and education experts, action research is a practical orientation, in which health care experts, students, and health and companies, and students from Laurea University of Applied Sciences. A total of 75 seniors from the Es- active participation of the research subjects and wellbeing technology entrepreneurs. A diverse poo and Vantaa technology development environments took part in the research, 16 men (21.3%) and joint planning of a change-related new activity range of methods were used for data collec- 59 women (78.7%). or intervention plays a central role (Kuula 2000). tion during the different phases of the mHealth The average age in the research group of elderly people was 73.1 years with a standard deviation of 7.7 In the mHealth booster project, new types of booster project, and quantitative and qualitative years. The average age for women was 72.4 years and 75.9 years for men. (Figure 2) tech­nology development environments and the research methods made it possible to map the related active and participatory operations acti- participants’ expectations and pilot a variety of vated both elderly people and experts to investi- health and wellbeing technology products and 30 gate and utilise health and wellbeing technology solutions according to the objectives of the pro- products and services. According to Heikkinen ject. The parties involved played an active role 25 25 et al (2006), several approaches can be applied in the action research in the mHealth booster 23 50-59 to the investigative development of activities. project, working with researchers, developers, Design research as part of action research, parti- customers and other participants to shape the 20 cularly with regard to developing and renewing problems and objectives. It was essential that the 60-69 customer-oriented services that involved the methods were also renewed during the process, customers, strengthened the achievement of the making it possible to obtain in-depth user infor- 15 70-79 goals of the mHealth booster project. mation. (Figure 1) 10 80-89 77 8 5 90-99 Assessment 11 1 2 phase 0 Earlier studies Males Females Interviews

Figure 2: Age distribution of participants by gender EVALUATION PLANNING PHASE AND PHASE 33.3% had completed folk school or comprehensive school, and 30.7% had earned a vocational diplo- IMPACTS Technological ma or completed­ upper secondary school. 17.3% had completed a bachelor’s degree and 18.7% had development completed a master’s degree. 21.3% of the research group lived in a detached house, 61.3% in an apart- environments ment building, 13.3% in a terrace house, and 1.3% in a service house. For the majority of the respondents, their significant other was a child (46.7%), followed by a spouse (42.7%), while for the remaining 6.7% it was some other person, such as a friend. The average age of the significant other was 59.9 years with a standard deviation of 14.8 years. 50% of the significant others were men and 50% women. Only eight people in the research group were officially family carers.T hree of them had been family carers for less IMPLEMENTATION than six months, and the remaining five for more than three years. The experts (N=21) in the above-mentioned senior participants’ operating environment were also in- Products and Services formation providers in the research. The experts represented the background operating environments of the customer participants, such as a health department unit, service house, or organisation. In the context of elderly people, the average age of the experts was 51.3 years. All but one of the experts were women. One of the experts had completed a postgraduate degree, six experts had a master’s degree, 14 had a bachelor’s degree or secondary-level diploma. Only one person had less than five years of work experience and all of the others had more than 10 years of work experience.

Figure 1: The action research cycle in the mHealth booster project

mHealth booster 2014 14 15 mHealth booster 2014 3.2.2 Material and its analysis Assessment: Interviews and workshops Both qualitative and quantitative research met- clients´ expectations hods were used to collect the material. In the first phase of data collection, the participants were interviewed to map their expectations Assessment: experts´ and to launch activities in the technology deve- Focus group interviews conceptions and expectations lopment environments. In addition to standard individual and group interviews, material was collected in workshops, where the participants were actively involved with regard to creating Planning and implementation: new ideas together. The participants in product technology development testing were interviewed either alone or in pairs environments at the beginning and at the end of testing. Du- ring the testing, the participants were asked to keep a diary and write about their user expe- Feedback and evaluation Questionnaires and interviews riences. The data collected was analysed in a mate- rial-based manner according to qualitative in- ductive content analysis. The content analysis involved classifying the material and searching Usertests Tests and evaluations for common and differentiating features.T uomi and Sarajärvi (2009) define material-based con- tent analysis as a three-stage process, in which the material is initially reduced, or simplified, Workshops and insights then grouped, and finally abstracted, which Future ideations means creating theoretical concepts (Tuomi & Sarajärvi 2009, Kyngäs & Vanhanen, Silverman 2001, Holloway & Wheeler 1996). The quantitative material was analysed using Recommendations Interviews, documents and the SPSS for Windows software. The material experts´ evaluations processed with the SPSS program first had to be converted into data matrix format. A data matrix is a two-dimensional table that speci- fies variables for the columns and marks the measure­ment results in the rows by statistical Figure 3: Data collection and data collection methods in the project unit (see Kananen 2011, 46). A statistical re- search method for processing the material was used to describe the variables with frequencies, in other words, with direct distributions and percentages. The results were also illustrated in graphic presentations, such as bar diagrams and figures and in tables (see Kankkunen & Veh- viläinen 2009, 100, 103).

mHealth booster 2014 16 17 mHealth booster 2014 4 Action research results

4.1 Planning of the technology development environments All of the participants were interviewed in the first phase, either individually or as a focus group.T he par- According to the action research process, data collection in the mHealth booster project took place in ticipants were elderly people (N=75) and experts (N=21). The material was analysed using the inductive stages, with the results of each stage affecting implementation of the next stage. In action research, the quantitative method. The material was used to produce a chart illustrating the factors and problems iterative process is used to evaluate, correct, develop and change the activities according to the results that prevent the elderly from coping at home and related ideas and recommendations for solutions (see Aaltola & Syrjälä 1999, Kuula 2000, Heikkinen 2001). (Figure 4). The first data collection analysis in the project provided a picture of the customers’ current status, key problems, and services used as well as their expectations in relation to the use of health and wellbeing technologies. Data was collected from elderly customers and from experts.

• Assessment of health and wellbeing • Social contacts • Personal health plan • Activating and motivating • Check ups e.g. measurements • Hobbies (music, games etc.) • Personal healthfile • Cooperative solutions (events, parish, library etc.) • Online guidelines and support • Online connections Poor health Loneliness and wellbeing

• Safety plan at home • Gym, balance • Tailormade solutions • Guidance • Voice based solutions e.g. alarms Unsafety Lack of • Motivating programme • Lighting • Digital teaching material • Online help mobility • Information • GPS location • Big screens • ”Easy to go” environments

Figure 4: The problems of an elderly person

mHealth booster 2014 18 19 mHealth booster 2014 In the planning stage of action research, the com- in cooperation with the City of Vantaa’s Youth panies involved in the mHealth booster project Services. Descriptions of the technology deve- and their products were selected to correspond lopment environments and their activities are to identified factors and problems that prevent presented in the following sub-sections. living at home. Planning and design of the tech­ The health and wellbeing technology products, • Monitors nology development environments was based services and applications presented at the de- • Remindeers on practical expectations and requirements that monstration points were sought and selected on • Online arose in the material. Content planning work for the basis of content themes identified in the ma- the physical technology development environ- terial. For example, the products selected for the ments provided by the partners began quickly. technology development environment addres- The technology development environments sing the theme of loneliness provided a techno- Commitment, Online connections implemented were the technology demonstra- logical solution for a video call service allowing • Health followups • to home tion points at the Soukka Service Centre and the contact between the customer, a family mem- demanding work • Support & guidance • from home demonstration point in conjunction with the ber, and a friend, by means of a user-centred and and situations at existing health and wellbeing marketplace at Ta- simple tablet solution. With regard to safety and home piola Health Center in Espoo, and the demonstra- security solutions, mention can be made of re- tion point and Teknologialainaamo® tech­nology mote systems based on GPS trackers or new ge- library at Tikkurila Library in Vantaa. A mobile neration training poles which provide resistance Own health and Coping at home application for young people was implemented and promote moving. wellbeing of the Support for activi- carer ties of daily living Private caregiver’s perspective

Carer´s own role Worries in working life Acute situations at home The meaning of the time for the spouse • Safety solutions • Peer support the carer self • Alarms • Help & guidance • GPS locations

• Technological solutions e.g. sensors, online video

Figure 5: The problems of a family carer to an elderly person Picture 1: Technology development envrionments

mHealth booster 2014 20 21 mHealth booster 2014 4.2 Technology development environ- dance was implemented as so-called low-thres- home-like service centre section contains 22 wellbeing Kiosk was open four days a week from ments hold counselling. The objective of technology flats.T he number of visitors to the centre ranges 9 am to 3 pm on Mondays to Thursdays. At the development environment counselling was to be from about 100 to 200 per day. request of the service centre and its customers, The mHealth booster project involved planning as customer-oriented, unhurried and as easily ac- A point suitable as a health and wellbeing techno- a small café was also opened to accompany the and implementing user-centred technology de- cessible as possible for the visitors. Salmela and logy development environment was planned in technology presentation activities. The café was velopment environments where it was possib- Matilainen (2007) emphasise that a key factor cooperation with the City of Espoo’s Elderly Care open from Tuesdays to Thursdays during spring le to test products and services with end users, when counselling elderly people is to consider service house unit. An empty kiosk-type space in 2014. Laurea’s Service Business students were companies and experts. In addition to being the person as an expert on his or her own life and the entrance lobby to Soukka Service Centre was responsible for planning, implementation and used for testing, all of the technology develop- their ability to take in information. The same ob- selected as the technology demonstration point running of the café. ment environments served as places where staff servations are also important when presenting and coordination centre for activities. It was cal- In February, Soukka Health and wellbeing Kiosk and students who were working with customer the technologies and providing guidance. It has led the Health and wellbeing Kiosk. Planning and started the demo visits for the service centre’s groups could obtain training and guidance. The been a good idea to think about how to describe implementation had to consider the age of the own senior and daily activity groups. A variety of project’s technology development environments technologies in an understandable way and how building and its capacity for new technology. stakeholders – from representatives of organisa- were located in Tikkurila Library in Vantaa, and much information to provide at one time. When For example, in the beginning of the project the tions to international visitor groups – also visited in the Soukka Service Centre and Tapiola Health providing information, it has also been useful to centre did not have wireless internet. the environment. Cooperation with the building Center in Espoo. consider only the essential matters so that they The opening ceremony for the Soukka Health staff and volunteers was fruitful and led to many The technology development environments don’t become confused with each other (see Sal- and wellbeing Kiosk was held on 21 January new demo presentation visits. During the spring, have been low-threshold demonstration points, mela & Matilainen 2007, 230–231). 2014. The event included a welcome speech from the Soukka Service Centre technology develop- where elderly people in the area, their signifi- Sintonen (2008) states that the ability of seniors the City of Espoo, an introduction to the available ment environment was open from the opening cant others, industry professionals, and people to adopt new technologies varies according to health and wellbeing technology solutions and ceremony in January 2014 until mid-June. of different ages could learn about and try out factors like age and health. Salmela and Mati- the companies involved, and the exchange of In May 2014, customer recruiting began for user new health and wellbeing products and services kainen continue by saying that counselling has ideas concerning the opportunities provided by tests of devices that became available for the under the guidance of trained persons. The ob- to take individual needs and ways of providing the new activities and health and wellbeing te- summer period. A total of 14 seniors were found jective of the technology development environ- guidance into account. Since the trust of the el- chnology. The event gained media visibility on, via the Soukka collaboration network, and pro- ments was to increase awareness of health and derly is earned at the first meeting, the presenter for example, YLE Radio Suomi. duct testing was implemented with them. All wellbeing technology, use electronic solutions to should concentrate on this meeting in order to After the opening ceremony, the Health and in all, 20 Espoo seniors and significant others support health and wellbeing, and independent ensure successful counselling (Salmela & Mati- living at home for seniors and their significant lainen 2007, 230–231). Listening to the custo- others, and to promote user-centred product de- mers, understanding their needs and sufficient velopment of the technology companies. A fur- product information in the environments also ther goal involved strengthening the customers’ makes it possible to have successful encounters self-care abilities and participation in enhancing and counselling sessions with different senior their own health and wellbeing, and to support visitors. users with regard to developing and deepening their technology skills. People could try out and test the products independently or under gui- 4.2.1 Soukka Service Centre (health and dance with the assistance of Laurea UAS students wellbeing kiosk) and project employees. The first technology development environment in Espoo was established in the Soukka Service Among others, the products presented Centre, which has good public transportation in the technology development environ- connections. The pleasant facilities at the cent- re provide possibilities for many types of activi- ments came from the following areas of ty arranged by the City of Espoo’s Elderly Care life: Department, Adult Education Centre, Library, and Sports and Exercise departments, as well as • Housing safety and security pension organisations and private actors. Visitors • Functional ability, physical activity and nutrition to the centre can participate in group activities • Health monitoring and self-care and structured physical activities, do handicrafts • Communication and social health and well- independently or in a group, and have lunch at being the Rinkeli lunch restaurant on weekdays. Many events, ranging from concerts and dances to va- Demonstration of the technologies offered in the rious health and wellbeing events, are also held technology development environments and gui- at the centre (Soukka Service Centre 2014). The Picture 2: Health and wellbeing kiosk in Soukka Service Centre

mHealth booster 2014 22 23 mHealth booster 2014 were involved in the user study. After the sum- provided visitors of different ages and fitness During spring 2014, the Health and Wellbeing Since 19 March 2013, Tikkurila Library has been mer break, the Health and wellbeing Kiosk re- levels with new ways of being physically active Marketplace demonstration point was open the site of a demonstration point for Helsinki City opened on 1 September 2014. Demo visits to va- and managing their health. This was a natural from 8:30 am to 2:30 pm on Mondays to Thurs- Library’s ’Tomorrow’s Everyday Life’ project. The rious events continued actively in the autumn. environment for a health and wellbeing techno- days. The point was closed from June until Au- demonstration point was an unstaffed, so-called Activities also went on the road with the Library logy demonstration point to support the exis- gust. Since the health center visitor numbers cold presentation point, where various health car Välkky and at the Invention Week held at Sello ting physical activity guidance. Planning of the were found to be highest first in the morning, a and wellbeing products and applications were Library on a pilot basis. The Health and wellbeing technology development environment began decision was made to open the Health and Well­ on display. It was a natural step to add techno- Kiosk closed its door at the end of November. It in cooperation with experts from Espoo’s health being Marketplace one hour earlier in autumn logy library activities to this demonstration point. had more than 1,400 visitors. center unit. 2014. From the beginning of September on, the The technology library was established at Tikku- The opening ceremony for the Health and Well­ environment was open four days a week from rila Library because this also allowed utilisation being Marketplace was held at Tapiola Health 8 am to 2 pm. In autumn 2014, Laurea’s physio­ of the library’s lending logistics competence. Its 4.2.2 Health and Wellbeing Marketplace Center on 28 January 2014. Visitors learned therapy students were closely involved in Health activities were implemented in cooperation with at Tapiola Health Center about products and services to support safety and Wellbeing Marketplace activities, as they the City of Vantaa’s Services for the Elderly and and security, communications and social health continued to present the technologies, run exer- Libraries department. Espoo’s second technology development envi- and wellbeing, health monitoring and self- cise sessions, and perform a variety of health and The technology library opened officially and len- ronment was the Health and Wellbeing Market­ care, and functional ability and physical activities. wellbeing measurements for visitors of different ding began at the end of February 2014, with place at Tapiola Health Center. The center is lo- Participants also had the opportunity to measure ages. activities continuing until mid-June. After the cated beside the WeeGee Exhibition Centre in their grip strength and body composition at a Groups ranging from a peer group for family ca- summer break, activities began at the beginning Espoo, and has excellent transportation links. health and wellbeing point set up by the phy- rers to the staff of an assistive device unit also of September and continued until the end of No- The Health and Wellbeing Marketplace is loca­ siotherapy students. A name competition for the visited the environment. A total of 69 demo visits vember. In the spring, the technology library was ted in the light yard of the health centre, where Veloped outdoor walker was held in the spring and visits to different local events via presenta­ open every weekday so that staff was present since 2012 Laurea’s physiotherapy students have by the product’s importer Turvallinen Koti Oy. tion activities took place in Espoo. Upon request, from noon to 7 pm on Mondays and from noon people also left the demonstration points and to 5 pm from Tuesdays to Fridays. The Friday ope- went to customers’ homes to talk about the pro- ning hours were shortened by two hours in late ducts and provide training in their use. A total spring, because the number of library visitors of 14 home visits were made. The Health and clearly decreased towards the end of the week. In Wellbeing Marketplace closed in November. All autumn, the opening hours were adjusted slight- in all, more than 1,200 people visited the de- ly based on experiences gained from activities in monstration point at the Health and Wellbeing the spring. In autumn, the technology library was Marketplace. open from noon to 7 pm on Mondays and Tues- In terms of the Espoo technology development days and from noon to 5 pm on Wednesdays and environments, the challenge was the unchanging Thursdays. In the autumn the technology library nature of visitor base at Soukka Service Centre was closed on Fridays. and the difficulty in attracting busy customers at A key starting point for the technology library Tapiola Health Center to the open market­place- was the lending activities for products and relat- like demonstration point. On the other hand, the ed services implemented in cooperation with the strengths were a diverse collaboration network, Tikkurila Library. In practice, the lending and re- supplementary activities implemented by stu- turn activities were handled by the library’s mu- dents at the points (e.g. structured physical acti- sic and media department professionals, while vity, café), and the formation of a rather extensive the technology library staff was responsible for senior network. inspecting the returned devices and collecting feedback. Laurea UAS students from different disciplines worked together with the project staff 4.2.3 Teknologialainaamo® to disseminate expertise related to the opera­tion and the use of the devices. The students were Tikkurila Library has a fairly central location near also prepared to visit the borrowers’ homes if gui- the Tikkurila train and bus station. In 2012, Tikku- dance in using the borrowed product was requi- rila Library had a total of 419,251 visitors, which is red in the home environment. The technology approximately 35,000 monthly. In 2013, the adult library reached more than 1,500 people during section of the library averaged some 19,000 visi- the February–November period. tors per month, while the music and media de- partments had nearly 5,000 monthly visitors. In Available for lending were Microlife blood Picture 3: Technology development environment in the health and wellbeing marketplace at terms of traffic, the library has been an excellent pressure monitors, Addoz medication clock, Tapiola Health Center site for the technology library. BungyPump training poles, a Loc Finder safe-

mHealth booster 2014 24 25 mHealth booster 2014 ty telephone, Innohome stove alarms, Uemax introduced around the City of Vantaa in pop challenge was the fact that Vantaa is a large area ment environments and at senior events du- magnification devices, MobiluxLed magnifiers, up events and senior events. Six such events and the elderly in particular do not go to the ot- ring spring and autumn 2014. More than 400 and Samsung Galaxy Tab tablet computers. were arranged during the spring. The activities her side of the city to visit different libraries. On students worked on the project in the period Two versions of the tablets were available: de- really got started in the autumn, and a total of the other hand, the strengths were successful between September 2013 and September 2014. vices that could only be used with the Pieni Piiri 24 events were held during that period. These cooperation with the library, which has provided (Circly) video call application, and devices that events were arranged at meetings of senior as- a lot of new possibilities like lending activities, Visitor statistics included several applications or websites, such sociations, at City of Vantaa day group activi- new marketing channels, and the chance to take as the Celia Library for the Visually Impaired and ties, and at evenings for family carers, or senior the activities to the mobile library. Depending on the month, the visitor numbers Movendos health and wellbeing coaching ser- groups run by the city. Along with these events, for the technology development environments vice. There was a break in lending activities from seven groups visited the technology library at 4.2.4 Summary of technology develop- varied from a little less than 100 to more than June to August. Based on the number of loans, Tikkurila Library. Activities were taken to other ment environment implementation 300. In total, the three technology develop- the most popular product was the blood pres- Vantaa libraries during the autumn, with nursing ment environments attracted more than 4,200 sure monitor (54 loans), followed by the tablet students arranging 14 small-scale pop up events The project employees and IT experts were visitors while they were open. These figures do computer (19 loans), and the LED magnifier (12 at libraries around the city. The products were responsible for practical activities in the Espoo not include those who attended the demo visits. loans). The stove alarms and digital magnifica- also presented in Tikkurila Library’s two mobile and Vantaa technology development envi- How­ever, in terms of reaching customers and dis- tion devices were also borrowed more than 10 libraries. A total of eight mobile library trips were ronments. Laurea UAS students from different seminating awareness, it was important to par- times. Two products (the medication clock and made during the autumn. fields also played an important role in presen- ticipate in different events and address groups. training poles) only became available in the final The challenges of the technology library were tation activities at the technology develop- The following table (Table 1) shows how visitor phase, but the training poles in particular were the location of the demonstration point in the ment environments. All in all, more than 200 numbers are divided among the environments requested many times prior to that. immediate vicinity of the library’s periodicals students worked in the technology develop- during different months. In addition to the technology presentation point room, and the fact that the visitors were, to a in Tikkurila library, the technology library was certain extent, usually the same people. An­other

1 Table 1: Visitor statistics in the Espoo and Vantaa technology development environments

Month Soukka Tapiola Tikkurila

January 197 239

February 145 129 138

March 204 150 284

April 192 176 313

May 177 161 240

June (until 19.6.) 65 114

September 140 134 156

October 168 118 175

November 150 148 141

Total 1438 1255 1 561

Picture 4: Technology Library in Tikkurila Library

mHealth booster 2014 26 27 mHealth booster 2014 4.3 User tests from the perspective of the standpoint, the technology development envi- information about the user, his or her activities in tionality, their strengths and weaknesses, and elderly ronments offered a meeting point for the com- the usage environment, and information about made development proposals. panies’ products, and for dialogue and develop- the details of product or service usage. Informa- Health and wellbeing technology products, ser- ment between the customers and experts. The tion about usability research is analysed, utili- vices and applications developed by selected user study emphasised the systematic exami- sed, and it can be illustrated using models and Factors that promoted or prevented the companies were utilised during planning and nation and refining of personal experience and prototypes. Information that has already been use of health and wellbeing technology implementation of the technology development user’s participation in the product development published is also sought when collecting and or- environments. The products and services were process. User information refers to information ganising user information (Hyysalo 2006). were extracted from the material and chosen on the basis of content themes identi- obtained about the user experience of a single The mHealth booster project applied a user stu- classified. Based on product testing, fied from the material. For example, the products user or group, the features, properties, forms and dy when examining products and services that feed­back and assessment, the following selected for the theme of loneliness provide an aesthetics of a product or service. The situation, utilise health and wellbeing technology in the factors promoted use: online video link for interaction between the relationship with other people or items, and ear- technology development environments, and in customer and significant other.A n existing, easy- lier experiences also make it possible to obtain home environments. During this process, the to-use tablet solution and program suitable for user information for research and product deve- information providers and actors were both cus- • A sense of security the activities were used as the product. Remote lopment (Hyysalo 2006; 2009). tomers (N=75) and experts as individuals (N=21) • Ease of use systems based on GPS trackers were selected to User information is traditionally examined via and as groups (N=5). User experiences were exa- • Successful product design enhance safety and security. A new type of trai- the experiences, visions and assumptions of the mined through case research. Different data col- • A feature that enhanced health and wellbeing ning poles that provide resistance were selected planners. Today, participative cooperation is in- lection methods were used to obtain user expe- to increase motivation to be physically active and creasingly done with the actual users, in which riences from the elderly, their significant others, The sense of security increased in everyday si- maintain muscle strength. A vital signs monito- case new ideas are created in a joint process. and experts with regard to health and wellbeing tuations where, for example, a safety wristband ring system installed on the bed and a new kind Qualitative research methods are often applied technology products. The initial interviews were was tested. Important factors during implemen- of blood pressure monitor were used for health in a user study. In addition to traditional indi- conducted as individual interviews and group in- tation of the safety wristband were instruction monitoring (Photo 2). The selected products vidual and group interviews, observation and terviews. Written product feedback (N=153) was and guidance, during which the customer’s made it possible for elderly customers, their sig- participatory observation, data can be collected collected from people who had, either alone or questions were answered and resolved on an nificant others and experts to become familiar by means of descriptions, stories, videotaping, in a group, become familiar with the technology individual basis. In this case, the elderly person’s with and test new health and wellbeing techno- photo­graphs, and drawings. In a user study, ob- development environment activities and pro- interest in and, in particular, commitment to logy products and solutions, and to update their servation means monitoring the user’s activities ducts. product testing contributed to increasing safety technological competence. From the company in his or her own environment, which provides Furthermore, the project demonstration points and security. A safety wristband even seemed to were closed during the summer, and at that in­crease dependence on the product. The follo- time the presentation devices were available wing comments were made by an elderly person for longer-term user tests. The product testers with Alzheimer’s disease and his/her significant were elderly people (N=21). The testers were in- other concerning the safety wristband test and terviewed as individuals and in pairs. During the its importance in everyday life. testing, they were asked to keep a diary about their experiences. The tested products were se- ”I could say that for me....of course, it’s lected to correspond to the themes identified not very nice to only consider things from the material, which were loneliness, safety from my own perspective, but in any and security, health and wellbeing, self-care, and case, it’s mostly peace of mind....concerning physical activity. Ten different technology pro- whether he’ll go somewhere or just disappear ducts were tested. Social interaction and com- from home...” munication products were tested by means of a program installed on a tablet computer, trai- ”It’s probably easy to use because...the device ning poles that used resistance were selected only has two buttons, one to see the clock and to promote movement, a medication clock and the other to make this emergency call. For the vital signs monitoring system installed on the user, it’s ...let’s say that a single button...or in the bed were tested for self-care, as well as trackers future it would be one button...but in this case used to increase safety and security. The testing two buttons is already pretty good...” period averaged eight weeks. Analysis of the feedback mainly focused on product usability The ease of use and simplicity of the product and operation, which corresponded to Hyysalo’s were factors that clearly promoted introduc- (2006) worlds of functionality and product. The tion of the technology. In this case, instruction, participants in product testing examined and guidance and planning both in the technology provided feedback on product use in everyday development environment and in the elderly Picture 5: Products in technology development environment situations, social interaction and product func- person’s home increased satisfaction with the

mHealth booster 2014 28 29 mHealth booster 2014 product. The availability of technical support was movement, and the sense of over­all security the product. Feedback and assessments about unable to answer her mobile phone. An ambu- an important factor in product implementation. were the greatest challenges. Various reminder the product indicated that the training poles lance was called and to take Irja to first aid at the Successful product design and appearance had functions and alarms play a major role when were already practical and beneficial. Positive hospital. According to Seija, they were very lucky a positive impact on product use in everyday si- integrating safety and security, and health and feedback about this product to promote physi- to have the video call service as she would not tuations. For example, product size and design, wellbeing technology. Safety-related products cal movement mentioned that the product was have been able to detect her friend’s condition and its functional integration reinforced accep- were found to be useful, for example, to facili- pleasant to use, provided motivation for move- without it. This has demonstrated that the device tance of the product as part of an elderly per- tate moving outside the home due to the alarm ment, and was easy to use. works and that a video link is actually very useful.” son’s everyday life and active use. The fact that features of the product. In some cases, tech­nical Elderly people showed a great deal of interest in the product is self-directed and learns things failures or design-related factors such as buttons using the video call service intended for social ”This is a big challenge and very im- about its user’s behaviour and profile reinforced that were too small or the size of the product interaction. The video link and related service, portant. My mother-in-law likes to go the success of user-centred design. A product to were weaknesses in these products, leading to and a music-related product and service were to the cottage alone and also into the support self-care, such as a new blood pressure the perception that product-related technical the best match for the loneliness problems of forest, and we never know what might happen. monitor and its alarm function was perceived as support and guidance was insufficient.T he ma- the elderly. The product was characterised by its I can remember many times when we drove 200 a factor that increases safety and security. With jority of feedback focused on areas like tracking, usability, versatility and applicability – not only kilometres to check on her and the situation....a regard to products that reduce loneliness or en- or were associated with implementation of a cer- for maintaining contact but also for identifying security phone connection would have made hance safety and security, increasing interaction, tain function, such as medicinal treatment. The the elderly person’s health concerns. Based on things easier.” the possibility for movement and reduced de- GPS trackers and related products and services the experiences of test subjects, use of an online pendence on other people enhanced health and attracted the interest of the elderly people and link and video call is very suitable for maintai- In some testing cases, the product did not meet wellbeing to a certain extent. their significant others.W ith regard to safety and ning contact with, monitoring, and reminding expectations, but at the same time testers be­ security, two different products based on GPS an elderly person who lives alone. The interest came interested in and acquired another safe- The factors that prevented use were: tracking were tested during the project. of elderly people in the online video phone and ty-enhancing product. Customers and experts activation to use it was focused on the main pro- were particularly interested in products and • Difficult to use product functions ”I thought the size was good...not too duct function, such as a group call. On the other solutions that enhance home or personal safety • Insufficient product support big...not too heavy...and it was made of hand, other functions or services made possible and security. • High price a material that was easy to hold on to...” by the product were utilised to a lesser degree. A The fourth large theme was weakened or deterio­ • Incomplete nature of the product solution related to saving and using reminders rating health, health and wellbeing, and fitness. ”Well, the fact that it doesn’t have...you don’t also inspired interest. The essential elements in Assessment of the products and services in this Complicated features or features that interfered have to press little letters and numbers separa- the introduction of these products were ease of content category requires longer testing and with product functionality, such as buttons that tely and it’s probably enough to have these four... use, smooth functions, simple technology, and a trials. For example, the mHealth booster project were too small, prevented or hindered use of a were there four or five options but of course it’s customer-friendly price. tested a new type of blood pressure monitor that technology product. Insufficient instruction, gui- important to have the card with you to know collected information, and a monitoring system dance, support and maintenance were factors which number to use.” ”Project employees installed the vi- installed on the bed. Both products attracted a lot that had a negative impact on product introduc- deo call service on the tablets of two of interest and desire to purchase for the home tion, motivation, and commitment. Similarly, a With regard to the immobility of elderly women of different ages in early sum- environment. One of the products was tested for functional lack of clarity, fault situation, failure to people, the following themes were iden- mer 2014. The aim was to increase and facilitate nearly four months with an elderly person living work, or product size can prevent product use in weekly communication and interaction between at a service house, so that the family members the initial phase. tified from the material: these friends. After some instruction, the women were responsible for the monitoring information As a factor preventing usage, high price was for practised making video calls to each other. and responding to it. The product worked well some products a greater barrier than the actual • maintaining and improving balance and muscle The younger woman, Seija (all names changed) functionally and met the targets. However, in benefits of the product. In the case of some strength was attending a summer party with her husband many ways the trials and testing demonstrated products, the service, for example, reception of • repetitive everyday physical activity when she received a video call from her older the challenges and even problems associated alarms, and the related further measures, were • individual guidance and motivation friend Irja who was at home. She had tried to call with the product, as testing was carried out in either found to be deficient, were not available • activating exercise programmes several times during the afternoon. Once the call a service house setting and the monitoring in- to private persons at all, or the integrated service came through, Seija soon noticed that Irja was formation was sent to the family members. The was too expensive. The interview subjects requested planning and not well. Although the video connection opened, roles of the family members in monitoring and implementation of new types of digital guides. her friend couldn’t speak. Seija became concern- on the other hand the responsibility of the ser- Large info boards and television screens would ed and tried to call Irja a few times on her mobile vice house staff were unclear. All in all, the testing 4.3.1 Results of user tests make it possible to introduce online bulletins phone, but there was no answer. process raised several ethical questions. and guides and interactive programmes. For Seija told paramedics who were at the party An elderly person’s lack of safety and security, and example, the training poles that utilised resis- what she had seen during the video call and they the related products and solutions were the big- tance were considered outstanding in nearly all advised her and her husband to pay Irja a visit 4.3.2 Summary of product testing gest challenge throughout the project processes. of the feedback. Customers who tested the poles immediately. Their suspicions were confirmed The physical safety and security of the home, an over a longer period of time provided the least when they reached Irja’s home. The older friend The physical safety and security of the home, an elderly person’s independent and spontaneous number of development proposals concerning said that she felt strange and, for example, was elderly person’s independent and spontaneous

mHealth booster 2014 30 31 mHealth booster 2014 movement, and the sense of overall security were 2 important factors in terms of safety and security. Table 2: Summary of user-tested products, assessment and feedback Products and solutions related to an elderly per- son’s safety and security proved to be important PRODUCT GROUP Products Feedback and interesting in terms of everyday functional ability and living at home. Various reminder func­ SAFETY PRODUCTS tracking safety button The best feedback related to design tions and alarms play a major role when integra- safety wristband suggestions for improvement ting safety and security, and health and wellbeing security phone e.g. size and symbols technology. GPS-based products and the related GPS locators services proved to be important to the elderly person and to their significant others.T he majo- rity of the questions answered in the technology development environments concerned safety and security matters and safety-related plans, PRODUCTS FOR SOCIAL video phone positive feedback related to usability and associated products were mapped out on CONTACT musical games and contacting an individual basis. Various experts, such as me- recollection and life story most interests for further development mory counsellors and professionals who provide service guidance on assistive devices were particularly interested in health and wellbeing technology products, and especially about in the services to enhance safety and security. HOME SECURITY stove guard the most useful product According to both customers and experts, the stove alarm affordable security communal solutions that the online video call greatest desire to buy service and software for maintaining and pro- moting social relationships made possible were PRODUCTS PROMOTING walking poles with built-in motivates to move the most interesting solutions and attracted the MOVING suspension system most attention. When summarising the product testing, it can be outdoor walker improves availability said that the elderly people involved in the user study are active and enthusiastic product tes- ters, as well as honest and open when providing HEALTH AND WELLBEING blood pressure monitor with products are ready in use feedback. They are intensely committed to the MONITORING DEVICES detection of atrial fibrillation need for security service testing. Feedback on the product assessments vital signs monitoring system need for longer testing focused on usability, functionality and technical medication clock with remin- large size, features, and also on product and service inte- gration. der unfunctioning sections

4.4 Assessment results from the perspec­ tive of experts Based on an analysis of the material, the following themes were produced: ethical questions, guidance and advice, and challenges. (Figure 6)

Experts from different fields and with different The expert’s competence was mainly analysed in relation to technology. Technology competence inclu- job descriptions took part in the different stages des an understanding of technology and awareness of technology products, and the need for and neces- of action research during the mHealth booster sity of new types of services. Technology awareness comprises the supply, availability and applicability project. The experts were involved in initial map- of health and wellbeing technology products for customer use in different operating environments, ping, in assessment as the project progressed, the expert’s own use, and for the change in work and activities. In terms of content, the assessment and in the final assessment.T he experts played emphasised awareness and understanding of technology and its applicability even to the extent of an important role in implementing and develo- lacking competence or need to update the competence. The opportunities that health and wellbeing ping project activities. The role of the customers, technology products provide for developing work and activities were combined with service planning understanding their voice and challenges, availa- and production. bility and targeting of the health and wellbeing technology products, services and applications, and assessment of the expectations presented by the experts and competence were key content areas in the experts’ material. mHealth booster 2014 32 33 mHealth booster 2014 4.5 Health and wellbeing technology life management towards exclusion (Aaltonen, to support young people in managing Ojanen, Vihunen & Vilén 2007, 360–362). every­day life Preventing a young person from becoming socially excluded is a matter of encouraging a External life management includes social back- young person towards a life based on indepen- ground, in other words, the importance of family dent and full social participation. The functionali- in a young person’s life, coping with school, and ty of basic social services and sufficiency of social Competence Technology Ethical and Guidance and Health and well- a status in the labour market. Factors that are support systems are key factors in minimising the Awareness development legal issues counseling being technology part of internal life management include young risks of exclusion (Kuorelahti & Viitanen 1999, 5). Understanding environment Sensitivity Individualisation challenges both person’s self-concept, which, when negative, can cause repetitive feelings of failure and poor Location and Informed Phasing users and experts 4.5.1 Premises and process of the Nuor- self-esteem. Negative experiences and accumu- mobility consent lating problems that progress in stages and are ten kaupunki (Young People’s city) pro- related to external and internal life management ject areas affect a person throughout their lives, and Health and wellbeing technology in the use can lead to social exclusion. The most integral The second technology development environ- for further development part of a person is their sociability, which defines ment of mHealth booster project in the City of that person’s significance in the eyes of others, Vantaa was Laurea’s multidisciplinary Young and through them. Various social links, such as People’s City project (2012–), which develops work, education, family, and friends play a key new operating methods for supporting impor- role in relation to the process of integrating tant transition phases for children and young Figure 6: Experts’ assessment results concerning the project young people into society. The social support people. The target group is young people who provided can promote the health and wellbeing need help promoting their health and wellbeing of young people, commit them to activities, and skills to cope with everyday life. The pilot reinforce their resources, identify their strengths, involved cooperation with mobile application provide the chance to be heard, and help them companies to implement a mobile service con- build a tailored with regard to making choices in cept that takes into account the needs, life situa- The material clearly indicated that an expert’s interest, desire and enthusiasm to learn new things were life (Veivo & Vilppola 1998, 47, 52–53). tion and thoughts of young people. The aim in promoting factors. However, this requires concrete possibilities – in terms of money and time – to test Paju and Vehviläinen (2001, 68–71) state that the development environment was to create a and use health and wellbeing technology as part of the person’s work and its development. An expert’s nearly all solutions for exclusion problems are service package of different applications. Young attitude, aversion to technology, and fear of failure were classified as preventive factors.T he facts that associated with life management. According people and employees from the City of Vantaa health and wellbeing technology products are on display, and are easily accessible and available for to Roos (1987), young people have to learn the Youth Services unit were involved in the piloting testing near a person’s work environment enable use of the technology. During the mHealth booster very basic skills as methods of life management if development process. Development of the mo- project, the location of the technology development environments near the customers was considered they did not obtain them at home. Problems with bile applications and services was handled by important and necessary, allowing the technology development environments to serve as product life management occur when a young person the companies involved, which provided mental showrooms and demonstration points. However, presenting and testing health and wellbeing techno- does not have the patience to remain at school health and wellbeing exercises, musical puzzles, logy products in a way that provides opportunities also requires mobile services, such as mobile library or work, or he/she does not have the discipline a treasure hunt to promote physical activity, and activities. needed to adjust payment capacity to income. a health and wellbeing coaching in the form of The support and use of health and wellbeing technology products and services for different customer Issues related to how a young person copes with internet and mobile application services. (Figure groups brings up ethical and legal questions, especially in the social and health care field.T he experts’ everyday life, such as daily rhythm and time ma- 7) material emphasised the position and role of the expert or professional in relation to technology pro- nagement, financial management, and nutrition, According to the phases of action research, the ducts and their use. There is a strong emphasis on the experts’ professional responsibility. The vulnera- health, hygiene and tidiness are concrete mat- Young People’s City project collected user-cent- bility and sensitivity of different customer groups were at the core.T he benefit of health and wellbeing ters related to external life management. Some red experiences throughout the project deve- technology was examined with regard to the position and role of the customer and/or significant other, young people have life management challenges lopment process by means of interviews and mainly private customers, in a home environment. in several areas of life, while others only need questionnaires. A total of 13 focus groups were As an activity, guidance and advice in the context of technology products and services means develo- guidance regarding only one or a few matters. held for three groups of young people, for their ping a new way of working and operating. Planning individual and tailored solutions with the customer Life management is a concept in which one of youth workers, and for companies from Decem- and significant other, technology supplier, and various experts requires the division of guidance and the extremes can be seen as social exclusion. Ac- ber 2013 to October 2014. All in all, 38 young advice into phases, and a comprehensive understanding of the customer’s life situation. In this case, cording to Helne and Karisto (1992), social exclu- people, 11 youth workers and 4 company rep- assessment of the customer’s situation should also include assessment of the need for technology and sion is a concept that brings together different resentatives took part in the focus groups. Du- planning as part of planning the overall care process. social problems. According to Sipilä (1982), social ring the initial phase, initial interviews were exclusion refers to weak bonds between an indi- conducted for the participants by focus group vidual and the society. Social exclusion should and information collected from young people above all be viewed as a process that moves from (N=15) and youth workers (N=8) by means of a

mHealth booster 2014 34 35 mHealth booster 2014 for all target groups were held in September–October to collect user experiences regarding testing of the different applications and services, and the whole development process.T he assessment ma- terial for the young people, youth workers and companies in the Young People’s City project was: Young People´s City 1) initial focus group interviews and the initial questionnaire from the pre-information forms, and 2) final –project focus group interviews and a feedback survey to map user experiences. (Laurea UAS) 4.5.2 Results from the perspective of the young

A total of fifteen young people (N=15) participa­ted in the young people’s focus groups. In terms of family background, the majority of the young belonged to a core family. With regard to education, the young were attending or had completed­ comprehensive school, and two of them were in general upper secon- Youth Guidance mHb mHealth dary/vocational education. With regard to studies or work in their current life situation, the young men- and Support mobile booster Center (Laurea UAS) (City of Vantaa) application FOCUS GROUPS (n= 13) REPORTING pilot THE YOUNG INTERMEDIATE SEMINAR (June) THE EMPLOYEES CLOSING SEMINAR (December) ENTREPRENEURS Interviews “Young person – influencer in Survey his/hers own life - actor in the community” - project USER EXPERIENCES (City of Vantaa) TESTING OF APPLICATIONS

ACQUISITION OF DEVICES Figure 7: Piloting of internet and mobile applications and services

APPLICATION DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION questionnaire. The young commented on their collect virtual currency in the game. A musical opinions of their own health status, need for ser- puzzle designed to support communal activities vices and expectations of health and wellbeing gave the youngsters the opportunity to flex their technology services, while the youth workers memory muscles and practice musical and so- assessed the health status of the young people, cial skills. The health and wellbeing programme service needs, and expectations of health and introduced­ the young and their counsellors to APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER wellbeing technology services from the em­ mind relaxation exercises designed to relieve­ ployee perspective. Based on the results of the stress, improve mood, and revitalise life. In a initial phase, cooperation with companies began health and wellbeing coaching session, group with the building of a package of internet and counsellors acted as coaches, using the online October 2013 - October 2014 --> mobile applications and services. application to give the young tasks which were Together with their counsellors, the young had tailored to their personal circumstances and de- the opportunity to test a range of games and signed to promote life management and health applications designed to promote health and and well­being skills. wellbeing in everyday life. One of the applica- Use of mobile applications and services was Figure 8: Development process for young people’s mobile application pilot tions selected for test use was a treasure hunt atmed at encouring the young to be indepen- that encouraged the young to be active outdoors dent and active and to offer the youth workers in the form of a good-natured competition with new health and wellbeing technology ser- their group. The goal was to find virtual treasures vices for their work. The testing phase lasted hidden in the local area to score points, and to from May to October 2014. The final interviews

mHealth booster 2014 36 37 mHealth booster 2014 tioned having a summer job, studying at a vo- to develop health and wellbeing technology ser- as strong support networks for the young. The cational college, being unemployed, or starting vices and applications, that especially wanted to The young also found a tested musical puzzle, youth workers hoped to see closer cooperation in trial work. The young perceived their health hear about the opinions, experiences, thoughts which involved recognising a song in a quiz or between different sectors.T he need for sup- as good, and several reported that they had no and requests of young people concerning on actually playing it, to be a refreshing change in port persons was highlighted, and the support motivation with regard to studying. what would be a functional option from their group activities. The development proposals offered should focus more on transition phases In the initial interviews, the young described viewpoint. made by the young regarding the music game when the young person moves from elementary their perception of personal health and well- suggested more of their type of music (pop, rock, to middle school. being, with physical health falling somewhere on ”I think it’s nice that our opinions are ta- rap, etc.), and the possibility to use their favourite Challenges to maintaining contact were conside- some variation of the ”ok – reasonable – excel- ken into account.” (Young person 1) music to build a quiz or puzzle with other group red to be the youth workers’ busy schedule and lent” scale. Psychological health was viewed as members. growing numbers of customers, which led to a reasonable. The young felt that their social rela- In the product testing, the young tested a trea­ feeling of in­adequacy among employees. One tionships also varied, the majority of them had sure hunt, which received a lot of positive com- ”The music game was fun.” (Young person of the challenges in communication was seen at friends while a few didn’t really have friends at all. ments. They also provided development pro- 7) the frequently changing phone numbers of the The young believed that their independent posals concerning the game’s technical solutions young. coping and need for support were met by the and visual look. The fact that the game was in ”The music game was good for developing me- The youth workers used many services offered by support offered by their parents and the indivi- English was considered to be a good motivating mory and a musical ear.” (Young person 8) the municipality and third sector. Among others, dual or group guidance available at the Youth factor for playing. The young wanted the points the following were mentioned in the answers: So- Guidance and Support Centres. In terms of the awarded for finding the treasure to be available cial, health care and youth services, child protec- services they required, the young indicated that in some other format, such as a concrete prize. 4.5.3 Results from the perspective of tion services, housing services, crisis emergency they use online portals and guides in addition to Good-natured competition against each other youth workers support, school psychologist services, Kela, TE personal guidance. They considered easy access, was considered fun. It was enjoyable to play with offices, schools, clubs offering recreational activi- location, speed, and ease of use to be important or against their own counsellors, which contri- Eight youth workers (N=8) took part in the focus ties, the police, parish, youth centre, Irti huumeis- criteria when using a service. Challenges rela­ted buted to building a sense of community in the groups. In terms of education, the youth workers ta ry (Free from Drugs). The youth workers also to meetings and contact between the young group. had a vocational / general secondary school dip- highlighted finding information quickly and con- and their significant others occurred in con- lomat (4), a bachelor’s degree (3) and a master’s tinuous updating of information as important to- junction with subscription changes (prepaid). ”The dart was impossible to control, but degree (1). The job titles / positions mentioned pics. A particular characteristic was the fact that Another challenge was the difficulty in finding otherwise it was a really easy treasure were special youth worker, youth counsellor, pro- the young have a lot of networks, with a single correct and reliable information on the internet. hunt, quite fun.” (Young person 3) ject manager, project employee, project emplo- young person having as many as eight different The young were critical in a positive way about yee/counsellor, and nurse. authorities present in his/her life. The common information available on the internet. A few of ”The treasure hunt is a good way to get children During the initial interviews, the youth workers expectations and hopes for services emphasised them presen­ted the opinion that online services and young people moving!” (Young person 4) presented experiences of a customer group’s coordinated case management service, the tran- can contri­bute to exclusion. The fact that the health and wellbeing, which illustrated the dif- sfer of mutual information, and combining the young needed a sense of community and valued Also a relaxation exercise application was test- ferent challenges faced by the young. The young informa­tion systems of different authorities so the importance of face-to-face encounters was ed. The relaxation exercises were very popular who went to the youth centre were mainly well that all the bodies involved in a young person’s highlighted. The young made very diverse use of among the young, with the applicable elements off, but they were subject to accumulating con- support networks could have access to the same internet services, either for using online services remaining a part of permanent group activities. cerns about studies, work, relationships, ap- information and opportunities to help. One pro- or for informa­tion acquisition. Social media and pearance, personality, intoxicants, and risk be- posal presented involved creating open online online gaming were also in active use. On the ot- ”The relaxation exercise felt pretty cool.” haviour. One of the challenges was considered profiles for each young person, which would al- her hand, a few of the young reported that they (Young person 2) to be that so-called ”grey area young” that as a low all of the network actors to help and support do not use electronic communications channels target group remained outside the services, were an individual young person in real time and on a or services at all, and would rather handle their The young also tried a health and wellbeing often those who needed the most help and were needs-oriented manner. business with the service provider in person. coaching application, in which they were given most difficult to reach. Young people’s health The challenge for the young is often the fact that Different services that were mentioned inclu- tasks related to their personal circumstances ac- was seen as reasonably good, but gender-spe- they need a lot of support with managing every- ded online portals and guides (on the topics cording to the group activity themes. The young cific differences were identified. Loneliness and day life, and they are still practising how to orga- of studies,­ everyday management, living, basic provided feedback­ on the tasks in writing or by the need for the support of an adult appeared nise everyday tasks by themselves. Technology services), Asumisen abc (The ABC of housing), attaching photos. They considered commenting as challenges with regard to creating social rela- applications and online portals could be used online banks, films,T V series, Wikipedia, Libra- by means of photos to be the best method. The tionships. Coping with everyday tasks, restoring as an electronic calendar working on the pho- ry, Ebay, Karttapallo application, Last.fm, e-mail, coaching was considered a useful channel for ob- a normal sleep rhythm, and breaking a gaming ne, which would use reminders to communicate Kela, Helpnetti application, Youtube, Google, etc. taining information. The program was perceived cycle were seen as key challenges for the young. about progress in everyday tasks. The youth wor- The final interviews of the young provided a lot as easy to use. The youth workers’ views of a customer’s in- kers have a concrete need for a coaching service of information about their experiences of the dependent coping and need for support were to promote young people’s health and wellbeing mHealth booster project and the product tests. ”The health and wellbeing coaching pro- similar for all the interviewed. Parents, various and coping with everyday tasks. This would ac- The young considered it positive that they were vided useful information and it was easy authorities (social and health care services, child tivate and motivate and commit the young to given the opportunity to participate in a project to use the program.” (Young person 5) protection, youth services) and bodies were seen responsible behaviour.

mHealth booster 2014 38 39 mHealth booster 2014 The results of the final employee interviews con- guidance contacts in special youth work, school ting. Using games to support communal activi- that would allow them to provide multifaceted cerning product testing were rich and provided psychologist work.” (Youth worker 2) ties would be a great thing.” (Youth worker 7) and interactive support for the young as they a lot of perspectives. The pilot was considered cope with everyday life. Initial interviews map- good because it enabled the development of The relaxation exercises were implemented and ”The relaxation exercises were good. We got a ped the health and wellbeing level of the young various health and wellbeing technologies. In will be used in the future as well, and tailored good tool. The treasure hunt was a fine way to and the youth workers and their expectations. particular, the applications could be beneficial to the group. The relaxation segment was consi- get people moving, I got hooked. The musical Based on this information, four companies colla- to young people with no previous work expe- dered particularly useful, and the young people games were a great way to spend time.” (Youth borated to build services and applications that rience or vocational education. Cooperation with were very committed to these exercises. The worker 8) promote health and wellbeing for product tes- the youth workers is important, because they youth workers were delighted to have obtained ting with the young and the youth workers. understand the needs of the young involved in such a useful tool. 4.5.4 Conclusions, good practises and The entrepreneurs and the youth workers took group and workshop activities. ideas for further development part in a joint final interview, which reviewed In the feedback of the application tests, some ”The relaxation exercises were tried and individual development proposals for all the of the respondents found the training provided have remained a part of our group activi- The basis for the project was to build an inter- applications included in the project and collec­ before testing to be sufficient and very benefi- ties.” (Youth worker 4) net and mobile service package to promote the ted feedback. The experiences were positive but cial, while others would have liked more detailed health and wellbeing and life management of more time, technical support and a more inter­ training. On the other hand, the youth workers The treasure hunt was considered an excellent young people by means of a user-centred de- active communications channel are needed for mentioned that in a longer testing period the way of activating young people to get exer­cise. velopment process in cooperation with young implementing, learning about, and testing the operations would have resulted in a more fun- A few of the youth workers reported that they people, youth workers and the companies invol- applications. Some of the applications became ctional package. The functional elements were also got ”hooked” on the game during testing. ved (Figure 9). The aim in the technology deve- established as part of the group activities pro- considered to be the visual look of the health and The gaming and good-natured competition that lopment environment was to take the needs, life gramme. If the required devices, applications and wellbeing coaching, in which the possibility for took place as part of group activities increased situation and thoughts of the young into consi- programs would be integrated into youth work, young people to comment by means of photos group spirit and the sense of community. deration, and to provide the youth services em­ they would provide added value to the existing proved to be a very good option. ployees with a service package of applications work methods and communications channels. A ”I somehow thought that the competition ”I thought it was great that we could give in the treasure hunt seemed like a kind of feedback on health and wellbeing coach- communal thing.” (Youth worker 2) Premises Towards ing in this photo format. It doesn’t always have to be in writing.” (Youth worker 1) ”Well, personally I liked the treasure hunt a lot! It Employees the aims was really fun and we got to hide the treasures Young person ”The visual look for health and wellbeing coach- ourselves too.” (Youth worker 3) ing was functional and commenting with photos was a good idea.” (Youth worker 2) The youth workers also considered the musical Tailor made for the young quizzes interesting but wanted to see music that As a development proposal, the youth wor- was more suitable for young people, and more Support and guidance from the couch kers suggested that the usability of the coach- diverse. The idea of supporting communal acti- -> face-to-face support Motivates ing would improve if SMS message remin- vities through musical games was considered a A ders were in use. In order to achieve ideal use great idea if the range of music genres is expan- ctivates of the coaching, the program should be used ded in the future. At best, it was seen as supple- Communication and cooperation by a young person who is already motivat- menting group activities, with the emphasis on between authorities easier Increase in physical, mental and ed and who has an existing guidance contact. providing the young with a pleasant alternative social wellbeing The coaching could also be most success- way of spending time. Approachable, fun, affordable, and ful with girls over the age of 17. All in all, the coaching was seen as a good tool for investigati- ”The musical puzzles and treasure hunt good quality services Responsibility ve youth work and/or special youth work for lon- have a social and group-bonding effect Independent life management ger-term guidance contacts, school health care, and they are easy to implement. On the and possibly for school psychologist work. other hand, the health and wellbeing coaching Health and wellbeing technology solutions and services requires more in-depth knowledge of the young ”I see the coaching as a preventive measu- person. Now we have two different tools and it’s re if it’s being considered for school health good to have both.” (Youth worker 5) care and student health care, when medi- cal examinations are being performed and reveal ”We tried out the relaxation exercises and will some challenges.” (Youth worker 5) certainly tailor them for the group and use them in the future as well. The treasure hunt was great ”Health and wellbeing coaching would be a good activation for the young and supported commu- tool for investigative youth work, longer-term nal activities. The musical games were interes- Figure 9: Expectations of young people´s mobile application pilot mHealth booster 2014 40 41 mHealth booster 2014 pro-development attitude and more time would would like to have technology tools that support also be needed for developing the youth work a sense of community, and which would improve 5 mHealth booster as a and the technology solutions. the possibilities for interaction and impact. In the opinion of entrepreneurs, the mHealth The young felt strongly that their opinions had promoter of business booster project was a good way to open up dia- meaning and they considered it important to logue with the target group and operators in the be included in these kinds of projects. Playing field.T he entrepreneurs felt a strong need to do together was perceived as a factor that builds a some good with their inventions, and to obtain sense of community. At best, online gaming can real feedback on them. They saw being able to be a social activity, offering opportunities to join tailor their own product for the young people’s communities and meet new people (Kojo 2011, target group as a reason to get involved. The user 40–41). 5.1 Mapping the competence and la- in the form of phone interviews in winter 2014. experiences collected from the young and the When asked about their interest in taking the pi- bour needs of companies A total of 35 companies that offer health and youth workers were necessary for developing lot to the next stage, all of the young and youth wellbeing technology products and related ser- their products. However, all of the companies in- workers showed enthusiasm. When the deve- Laurea UAS business management students Min- vices participated in the survey. This group also volved were small start-ups, with limited resour- lopment proposals were taken into account, all na-Maria Mäkäräinen and Erika Tarvainen carried included companies offering care services.T he ces to get involved. The fact that they could not of the four applications that were tested were out a survey of the companies’ competence and objective of the mapping process was to compi- test the service in the ideal manner with the seen as very promising tools and work methods labour needs as part of the mHealth booster pro- le information about the needs of companies in young people was perceived as a challenge. in the future as well, supporting the work being ject. The survey primarily collected information the health and wellbeing technology and care The development proposals made by the entre­ done to promote the health and wellbeing and about the type of additional competence and sector in order to offer them properly targeted preneurs mentioned that discussion between life management of young people. All of the par- labour needed by companies in the health and training and other events, for example, to recruit the user groups and entrepreneurs should be ticipants felt that there was a call and need for wellbeing technology sector. The companies’ in- ICT professionals. improved in the future. Thus development further development ideas. terest in expanding their networks and opinions work would progress in the desired direction. about which kind of training events would best Main results The entre­preneurs would also have liked closer suit them were also surveyed. Information was cooperation with project actors, process specifi- also collected about the companies’ products Based on the results, introduction and actual cation and, especially, written feedback. During and activities in order to obtain sufficient back- use of the products in the project is, for the most the project, the entrepreneurs made good con- ground information. The survey was carried out part, easy. Usage generally only requires basic tacts, for example, with other service providers and consultants. They intended to produce ser- vices together in the future as well. The entrepre- Nothing to be developed neurs began immediately work on the develop- Other 2% ment proposals and will inform end users of the Regulatory Legislation in health and changes made for future use. 2% approvals social work sectors All in all, the presentation and testing of new 7% and different services and applications with 8% new customer groups can be highlighted as a good practice arising from the project. During Information security The impacts of demographic the development process, the customer groups 6% changes receive important information and experience, 8% but the companies also obtain feedback and the chance to develop the product for a new custo- Understanding the deci- Understanding the poten- mer group. Ideas for further development could sion making processes in tials of target groups be the development of a ”calendar application”, the public sector 15% longer testing of the applications, and research 17% on their longer term impacts. The youth workers

Identifying the Management and deci- problems as basis for sion making processes product development in health and social 16% work sector 19%

Figure 10: The perceived need for companies’ staff education in health and social work sectors mHealth booster 2014 42 43 mHealth booster 2014 computer, internet, smartphone or tablet skills. needed new labour, mostly in the ICT field.S ales All in all, nine training events were held experts from Stompwell Oy. Customer-specific tailoring of the products is and marketing professionals were also desired. between May and November 2014 on possible for 89% of the products. The tailoring This is likely due to the fact that the products and the following topics: 5.3 Results of the company survey possibilities included personal information, co- services of the companies in the survey are mostly lour and interface. Many of the products in the mobile or program-based or have some kind of • Legal matters According to the feedback from companies project are produced with the help from other mobile application or other program related to • Digital marketing (N=19), both the demonstration activities in the companies and subcontractors, or those are nee- them. The need for ICT professionals may also be • Financing and networking technology development environments and the ded to maintain the product. attributed to the need for continuous develop- • ”Human technology for elderly people” training and coaching for companies arranged The results demonstrate that company needs ment of mobile applications, program updating, • Promoting internationalisation and export by the project proved to be quite successful in mainly lie in the areas of marketing, internatio- and editing. Marketing plays an important role in • Health and social care administration and deci- terms of promoting their business and increa- nalisation, product development, customer rela- growing companies. This is why companies may sion-making / Flexible municipal manager sing business competence. Company feedback tion management, financing, and strategy com- look for new and innovative marketing experts, • Patents and IP rights, competitive tendering on the training was positive, with some two- petence. The areas in which company staff most who can increase sales as optimally as possible. • Strategy competence & product development thirds of respondents who participating in trai- required training to increase their competence However, companies were not very enthusiastic for new products ning assessing them as very good or good. It was are marketing, internationalisation and legal about participating and/or arranging events to • ”Everything you ever wanted to know about difficult to show the impact of the activities on matters. Networking and competitive tendering recruit ICT professionals. Nearly 70% of the res- taxation” business growth in such a short time, but 40% of / public procurement were also identified as the- pondents were not interested in such events. responding companies felt that the activities had mes for which companies hoped to gain more The companies were also asked what they Laurea UAS experts and experts from the corpo- a very good or good effect on increasing visibility competence through training. expect from the mHealth booster project. In many rate world and municipal sectors planned and of their product, while 27% believed that they The greatest need for training related to social cases, the responses emphasised increasing kno- lectured at the training events. reached new customers very well or well. How­ and health care sector lies in the areas of social wledge concerning certain topics, networking, The events were open to entrepreneurs as well ever, only 13% perceived an increase in demand and health care administration and decision-ma- reaching customers, and expanding the custo- as unemployed job seekers in the ICT sector and for products during piloting, and only 7% of the king, understanding public procurement deci- mer base. The project did its best to meet the- Laurea UAS students. A total of 324 people took respondents reported growth in sales due to the sion-making, identifying problems that product se expectations. Section 5.3 presents the feed­ part in the training events, for an average of 40 project. All in all, more than 62% of respondents development should focus on, and understan- back the companies provided on the project. people / event. As the training progressed, it was felt that they received support and benefits very ding target group activities / competence requi- discovered that on-site participation was chal- well or well, and half of the respondents felt that rements. These four areas accounted for nearly 5.2 Training and coaching for companies lenging for entrepreneurs, and the final lectures the needs of their companies were taken into 70% of the responses to the question ”In which and ICT professionals were recorded so that the entrepreneurs could consideration. Half of the responding companies areas of social and health care does your compa- become familiar with the content at a later time. were also satisfied with student cooperation.D e- ny staff need additional training?” (Figure 10)T he Furthermore, nearly all of the lecture material velopment of the companies’ competence is ana- companies’ different targets for development Planning of the training concept for companies was published on the project website after each lysed in more detail in the next section. were divided quite equally. Product and service utilised the survey of competence and labour event. development and marketing were the biggest needs as well as the objectives of the mHealth Feedback on the training was collected by means ”The project had good, high and impor- development targets by a few percentage points. booster project and other summaries done of written forms that were distributed and collec­ tant objectives, which all have not been during the project. The results of mapping de- ted at the end of each event. Positive feedback reached yet, more information and mar- In terms of the types of the training, the com- monstrate that company needs mainly lie in the was received concerning the diversity, inter­ keting, and better organisation is still needed.” panies considered seminars, lectures and work- areas of marketing, internationalisation, product active nature and positive atmosphere of the lec­ shops to be best ways to obtain training. It was development, customer relationship manage- tures, and the broad-based competence of the ”Many good things have happened thanks to the hoped that all training would be as high quality ment, financing and strategy competence.T he lecturers. The lectures presented a wide range project.” and beneficial to business as possible. Discussion areas in which company staff most required of company examples, and this was appreciated. with the people being trained and other groups, training to increase their competence were mar- The participants gained a lot of new information, ”Very interesting new way to approach potential such as customers and municipal decision-ma- keting, internationalisation and legal matters. which was in part presented in a stimulating and customers and students.” kers, was seen as being particularly important. Networking and competitive tendering / public challenging manner intended to create new mo- The companies hoped that discussion would procurement were also identified as themes for dels for thinking. There was particular apprecia- ”Work effort, consulting, coping, and belief in the help them find more ways of gaining access to which companies hoped to gain more compe- tion for the practical topics that addressed public possibilities. The best and most concrete project public procurements and possibly influencing tence through training. Another important tar- procurements, patents, and IP rights. that we have been involved in!” decision-makers, so that their products would get identified by companies was training related In addition to the training events, the compa- be included in public procurement program- to social and health care sector, mainly in the nies involved in the project were offered com- ”The project allowed me to make a lot of new mes. One way in which this need was met in the areas of social and health care administration pany-specific coaching sessions at no charge. contacts, the benefits of which are not all con- project was an intermediate seminar and panel and decision-making, understanding public pro- They had the chance to book two-hour tar­geted crete yet.” discussion held in June 2014 on the topic of pro- curement decision-making, identifying problems coaching sessions about the topic of their choice moting cooperation between municipalities and that product development should focus on, and with the expert they requested. The compa- ”We have learnt a lot about our target customer companies. understanding target group activities/compe- ny-specific coaching sessions were carried out by group’s real needs, and we can develop our pro- A total of 66% of the companies in the survey tence requirements. both the lecturers in the training package and duct to better meet those needs.”

mHealth booster 2014 44 45 mHealth booster 2014 The first assessment methods when ana- • business plans (N=10) 6 mHealth booster as a lysing the competence acquired by stu- • technology supplier map (N=1) dents in the technology development • ICT – recruiting event report (N=1) developer of competence environments are various learning tasks, Interviews of customers and different actors, and which were completed as follows: their transcription with reports also describe the progress of the students’ learning work. The senior • memorandums on events related to the techno- lecturers responsible for the various study units logy development environments (N=45) containing the learning tasks described and as- • workshop reports (N=4) sessed the competences in relation to the targets, • placement reports and various study unit reports after which the students received their credits. The competence development that was the The students were also involved in all events (N=41) The second method of assessment involved map- objective of the mHealth booster project is exa- that presented the technology development • various bulletins (N=4) ping the competence acquired by students by mined from the perspectives of the students, the environments on a broader scale, as proven by • videos made for companies (N=11) means of feedback collected from the students customers and the entrepreneurs. A customer the pop–up events and mobile library pilots. • reports and posters related to service innovations (N=34). Table 4 shows the students’ own percepti- is defined as a technology development envi- At the same time, their competence related to (N=11) on of the importance of the technology develop- ronment visitor, who is interested in technolo- technology use and developing the technologi- • learning diaries (N=9) ment environments, organised according to the gical solutions and their testing. Entrepreneurs cal solutions has improved, which is considered • company training sessions and survey reports emphasis on the reference. are partners involved in the project, who have important with regard to the challenges of work made for companies (N=44) brought their own technological solutions to in the future. Sufficient technology competence the technology development environments for on the part of staff promotes the introduction of testing and further development on a user-cent- technological solutions. 4 Table 4: Technology development environments as learning environments based on students’ red basis. The students are Laurea UAS students Table 3 summarises the credits earned by the stu- conceptions of social services and health care, and business dents. The students completed a total of 628.5 management. credits in the Espoo technology development Competence Contect description environments, with 180 credits in the form of Laurea students theses. The same numbers for Vantaa were a to- Health and wellbeing new devices and the use of technology tal of 642 credits, with 60 completed as theses. technology competence instruction of new devices For Laurea students, the mHealth booster pro- Students from other units completed 473 study encouragement for catching new things ject has provided a learning environment that credits in the Espoo and Vantaa technology de- complies with the Learning by Developing action velopment environments. All in all, 1743.5 cre- identification of new applications model (see Raij 2013). The students participa­ted dits were completed in the different technology support for coping at home by using technology in activities at the technology development en- development environments during the project, the development of technology based solutions vironments in Espoo and Vantaa by becoming which is a significant achievement when consi- Marketing competence customer service and guiding so familiar with the operation and features of dering Laurea’s different learning environments. organizing pop-up events the technological solutions presented there that Eight theses were completed during the project. they were able to serve as guides and advisers. preparing advertisements preparing presentations & posters preparing videos 3 Interaction competence meeting different age groups Table 3: Study credits achieved in the mHealth booster - project meeting groups identification of the needs of target groups Students Credited studies Credited theses Total user centeredness social communication Espoo 448,5 180 628,5 Business competence making a business plan Vantaa, of which: 582 60 642 mapping enterprises’ experiences - Technology Library 560,5 60 620,5 deepening entrepreneurship - Young People’s City 21,5 21,5 mapping enterprises Joint studies 473 473 Presentation compe- taking the target audience into account Total 1503,5 240 1743,5 tence clarity and understandability of the message taking responsibility Project competence project work as a learning method the different phases of a project work project management mHealth booster 2014 46 47 mHealth booster 2014 As the table shows, health and wellbeing techno- to accept and try new things.” be an important one that brought together users, different experts and entrepreneurs. Competence logy competence is most emphasised, which was enablers were the technological solutions presented, for which the students received guidance con- also the objective of the project. However, other ”I can see some of the devices working well to sup- cerning use and usage possibilities so that they could in turn guide and advise different users.T he ent- competence related to interaction and working port home care.” repreneur’s perspective allowed the students to examine technological solutions as saleable products together with different users and with the compa- and as business. The technology development environments made various encounters possible, and nies involved in the project was also achieved in ”...new solutions to improve health and wellbeing.” the resulting challenges this presented allowed the students to deepen their interaction competence. the technology development environments. The impact of the technology development envi- ”Learned to see nursing and health care in a Users ronments on competence development is evident completely new way when looking at it from the in those students’ views which show their attitude perspective of this technology or application plat- For users, the technology development environments offered the opportunity to learn, under guidance towards the possibilities of health and wellbeing form.” and independently, about different technology products and services that particularly respond to their technology solutions. When asking how techno- experiences of deteriorating health and fitness, loneliness, lack of safety and security, and low level of logy can promote a person’s health and wellbeing, After the project work ended, the students’ (N=34) physical activity. These are considered to be factors that promote or complicate coping at home. The the student responses demonstrate a positive at- opinions concerning the possibilities of health and summarised written feedback (N=542) on the products and the interviews, based on diary entries, of the titude. wellbeing technology were compiled in Figure 11. people that tested the products (N=22) during the summer show that the competence enabled by the technology development environments can be identified according toT able 5. ”Reservedness towards technology dec- In summary, it can be said that the majority of reased, and was replaced by the courage students considered the learning environment to Based on their experiences, the users participating in the project hoped that the technological solutions would be developed to enable independent coping at home by increasing self-care competence. The 5 Table 5: Competences with their contents identified by the users Health and wellbeing Competence Contect description technology as an enabler Health and wellbeing usability of devices technology competence applicability in one’s own life Enhances independent living Adds value to other health and wellbeing services device design experiential meaning of devices devices improving the quality of life Prolongs staying at home Enhances social wellbeing availability and the price of devices

Improves safety and security Enhances social inclusion Communication competence improving social inclusion widening social interactions expanding one’s own life circle Monitoring one’s own health and self care Refreshes remembering deepening the meaning of interactions

Self-care competence controlling and monitoring one’s own health status Early health risks detection Enhances and encourages moving enhancing physical activity developing pharmacological treatment Support daily activities Quicker way of getting help the meaning of monitoring vital functions strengthening self-care capabilities

Safety and security monitoring vital functions increases freedom Figure 11: Possibilities of health and wellbeing technology based on students’ conceptions competence the meaning of positioning getting help enabling coping at home

mHealth booster 2014 48 49 mHealth booster 2014 technological solutions presented in the tech­ cooperation between the companies enabled by nology development environments and guidance the project, which at best has led to the integration 7 Discussion related to their use were perceived as increasing of product competencies. the possibility to cope at home, improve quality of life by enhancing safety and security, increasing­ ”It was an interesting meeting (with other social interaction and the quality and meaning- companies) and they really liked Mubik. fulness of contact, and encouraging people to be We’ll have to see whether we could coope- physically active. rate in some way next year.” From the perspective of the social and health care staff involved in the project N( =29), technology In this context, product demonstration competen- competence includes awareness of different tech­ ce means targeting a demonstration to a specific 7.1 Ethical issues nological solutions, their possible use in different customer, and identifying the needs of the target process from the perspective of action research, environments, competence regarding use, and group. All activities in the mHealth booster project were material analysis, and results. In action research, availability. Competence also means a new attitu- governed by research ethics instructions and the reliability analysis focuses on different proje- de towards developing technological solutions in ”There was also open resistance to techno- practices. Research permits were requested from ct phases, its data collection, and the active and order to renew services and care processes. logy, which did not encourage fruitful dis- the City of Espoo and City of Vantaa in accor- authentic participation of actors and hearing cussion.” dance with good scientific practice.T he people their voice. Material collection in different pha- Companies participating in the project were mainly private ses of the action research cycle progressed accor- Technology competence means further develop- customers living at home, and elderly people ding to plan. Different phases of data collection The companies that joined the project (N=36) ment of a company’s own product or service on living in service houses and their significant involved, for example, examining factors related saw the technology development environments the basis of customer feedback, and as inspired by others, as well as experts working in the social to technology development environment activi- as an opportunity to increase recognition of their new application possibilities. During winter 2014, and health care sector and education depart- ties, and attempts were made to correct and imp- products and services and obtain feedback based the project mapped customer views on develo- ment of both cities. As participants, the elderly rove communications about the activities. Active on user experiences for use in developing their ping their own competence. The training concept people were, both as individuals and groups, cooperation with the participating customers, products and services. It is widely hoped that this was implemented during autumn 2014. The feed- ethically challenging, vulnerable and sensiti- groups, experts and different actors promoted type of development work will result in business back survey showed that the majority of the par- ve subjects. As a result, the ethical issues were continuity of activities during the project. growth. ticipating companies (N=19) considered the level handled very carefully and the rights of the parti- With regard to the qualitative content analysis of of training provided to be very good or to have cipants protected. All participants in the research the data collection material, truthfulness, equiva- The technology development environ­ met their expectations. Feedback obtained from were asked to provide informed consent. lence and transferability in the reliability analysis ments also provided the companies with a the companies made it possible to promote com- Prior to providing their consent, the purpose of were essential throughout the project and action petence development by making activities more the research and the rights of the participants research. The material analysis is based on the learning environment. Feedback from the systematic and developing the feedback system were explained in detail (ETENE 2010). Special recorded and transcribed materials. The results companies shows that their competence in a way that would provide faster feedback. This care and sensitivity was shown when collec- of the material analysis were continuously taken can be identified as follows: would make it possible to immediately address de- ting information during testing and research into account in different phases of the action re- velopment targets. situations. Each actor taking part in the proje- search as the project moved forward. Authentic • business competence ct committed to the project and confirmed its quotes were also used when reporting the re- • cooperation competence Summary non-disclosure obligation. Ethical and legal rights sults (for example, Burns & Growe 1997, Holstein • product demonstration competence were ensured in different phases of the project & Gubrium 1997, Nieminen 1997.), making it • technology competence In summary, it can be said that the technology de- so that no damage was done to the people par- possible to demonstrate the consistency of the velopment environments also served as learning ticipating in the project during any part of the results in relation to the material. Content relia- Business competence development is related to environments for all parties. They represent ge- project (see Leino-Kilpi & Tuomaala 1989, Band- bility is supported by the fact that, during the developing new operating methods for marketing nuine interaction between students, various users man & Bandman 1995, Holloway & Wheeler 1996, project, the participating customers and experts the company’s products and services. and entrepreneurs, which enables cooperation, Vehviläinen-Julkunen 1997, Topo 2007). were actively involved in activities and in various co-development, and networking. The objective of The research material was carefully stored during project working groups. The data collected as ”We need these kinds of places that allow the project was to promote technology competen- the process and will be destroyed when the pro- feedback and assessments was utilised immedia- us to present different products or services ce, and it was achieved for both students and users ject ends in December 2014. The research results tely during the project. All impacts of the project, in an altruistic manner. In our opinion, the with an emphasis on using and increasing recogni- will be reported and documented in a final re- especially cost impacts, could not be proven or fact that the technology development environme- tion of the devices. The technology competence port, and published at the final project seminar. verified due to the short project duration. nts are neutral is a good and important element of of entrepreneurs was promoted by customer fee- The project documents will be stored in comp- the project activities.” dback on product usability and fresh ideas arising liance with the instructions of the funding body. 7.3 Results analysis from new and different cooperation opportunities. ”The coaching and consulting services offered in However, the technology-centred development 7.2 Reliability analysis The technology development environments pi- the latter stages of the project were very good.” environments also served as an enabler of diverse loted during the mHealth booster project and competence, as demonstrated by the analysis of Reliability has been analysed during the project their activities demonstrated their benefit and Cooperation competence means development of the material. mHealth booster 2014 50 51 mHealth booster 2014 necessity, from the perspective of both project of the users and their participation with respe- The European Innovation Union focuses in the tion and the desire for joint planning also in the research and transferability of results. Especial- ct to the new product or method will become ageing theme in active and healthy ageing (The future. ly with regard to elderly customers, the project strongly apparent. Heiskanen, Hyvönen, Repo European Innovation Partnership on Active and Another challenge will be to further research and results for guidance and advisory work develop- and Saastamoinen (2007) emphasise the impor- Healthy Ageing). The objective of the program- develop new, integrable physical and virtual ser- ment and process proved the importance and tance of users in product development in their me is to enable citizens to lead healthy, active vices. In terms of competence, technology com- need for technology products for both public ac- technology report, in which a literature review and independent lives while ageing, to impro- petence and closely related customer compe- tors and private entrepreneurs. It is notable that and pilots confirm the role of users in both re- ve the sustainability and efficiency of social and tence will, in the future, require a new and agile both elderly customers and young customers search and product development. Rask’s (2010) health care systems, and to boost and improve learning culture, flexible teaching programmes can become familiar with, test and acquire health report on research policy and its possibilities in the competitiveness of the markets for innova- and methods in a digital environment. In his re- and wellbeing technology products and soluti- society also emphasises that user requirements tive products and services, responding to the search, Vesterinen (2011, 56–57) also highlights ons and receive expert guidance and advice in a and expectations are an important part of the ageing challenge at both EU and global level, senior work competence and eServices in health reliable and safe environment. process. thus creating new opportunities for businesses and wellbeing counselling as an important fu- The objective of the project was to promote and The mHealth booster project was implemented (Active and Healthy Ageing 2012). The objectives ture development area in social and health care grow the business of the cooperating companies on the basis of action research, using participa- in the mHealth booster project and the project education. and to increase business competence. The results tory and user-centred methods. Many actors in activities met the content targets of the Inno- In the coming years, ageing is the biggest social show that the potential of technology develop- different operating environments tested their vation programme. During the project, a new and economic challenge in different European ment environments as a promoter of business health and wellbeing technology products and network-like business model in the health and countries, affecting policies on many levels and have not yet been fully utilised. Challenges inclu- developed a new operating method or a service wellbeing technology context was discussed in different sectors. By 2025, more than 20% of ded the difficulty of verifying the realised results that integrates with the needs and challenges many times, but business model was not pro- the population will be over the age of 65 and the and the short project duration. However, many of different customer groups.T his activity in duced due to the short duration of the project. number of people over 80 will increase quickly of the companies felt that the project provided the mHealth booster project corresponds to the (Active and Healthy Ageing 2012). The rapid de- them with concrete benefits, for example, in activities of Ranti and Kivikangas (2011), which 7.4 Future challenges velopment of health and wellbeing technology the forms of training, reaching customers, and was user-centred, took place in real-life situa- and its use to support coping at home, in health competence development. The benefits that the tions, and involved a broad ecosystem of actors. The mHealth booster project implemented monitoring, and in promoting health and well- student projects and theses produced for com- The fact that some of the products and services low-threshold health and wellbeing technology being will contribute to meeting these challen- panies were also greatly appreciated. As a result, tested in the technology development environ- demonstration points as close to the customer ges in an effective manner. continuation of company collaboration and fur- ments eventually became part of the end users’ as possible, providing a place to become familiar In the future, it will be useful to plan and imple- ther refinement of the technology development everyday work can be considered as one of the with and try the products in a flexible manner. ment an international research project on the environments to reach their full potential is seen project’s successes. Guidance and advice both in the technology de- possibilities and impacts of promoting health important. In addition, the long-term cooperati- Other results of the mHealth booster project velopment environments and in home environ- and wellbeing in cooperation with the various on between universities and companies is seen were feedback and assessments of the compa- ments are fundamental requirements for techno- actors involved in the mHealth booster project. as significant to the future of the entire area. nies’ products and services, which were based on logy usage and tailored solutions. The guidance Rather than ethics, Ikonen (2013) uses the con- the trials and tests. All product feedback went and advisory process begins right from the first Developing the technology develop- cept of responsibility and emphasises the impor- directly to the appropriate companies to support encounter, continues during the user experience, ment environments tance of awareness and understanding alongside their product development. Technology-related and then as assessment after an agreed period of policy decision. He believes that the foundation guidance, instruction and support, and its con- time. Technical support is also important in order The technology development environment ac- of technology must always lie in caring, serving tent and methods are a core issue when trans- to make the product or service to be beneficial tivities should in the future be expanded to new life and humanity, replacing deficiencies, impro- ferring health and wellbeing technology to the to the customer. The future challenges continue operating environments in Espoo and Vantaa. It is ving safety and security, and embracing fairness, customers and the experts. The participation of to involve getting closer to people and more also important for the different actors to expand equality and the choice and dignity of the indi- users when developing improvements, and even extensive dissemination of the project’s good the operating model and increase awareness vidual. Health and wellbeing technology must new services, is of utmost importance. According practices, such as the presentation, guidance throughout the Uusimaa region and nationally. be assessed from the viewpoint of maturity, re- to Heiskanen et al. (2007), user experiences and and instruction related to health and wellbeing This would also apply to bringing in new compa- liability and ethics. It must also be remembered feedback produce a response for developing the technologies that was implemented in the te- nies and their products into the environments. that the savings and economy resulting from the benefit and comfort of products, and new ideas chnology development environments to both Development of the activities is also closely lin- products and services constitute the responsibi- for the companies and other actors. customers and experts. ked to increasing other activities taking place at lity towards society and its members that Ikonen Raappana & Melkas (2009) also stated that pro- As technology develops, health and wellbeing the demonstration points, for example, by means calls for. duct and service usage can also be more produc- technology products are also changing and de- of various theme days where companies could Economical and cost-efficient solutions can even tive if the products and services are considered veloping in line with technology and user expe- also be involved. The so-called cold point met- promote the health, wellbeing and independent appealing. Customers and different actors must riences. Systematic data collection about the hod could also be tested in the environments. coping of different age groups. Action research clearly be aware of what needs the technology experiences and feedback of users and experts This means that the points would only be open and user-centred approaches and methods pro- can meet. The functionality of technology and enables product development. Health and wel- on days when the staff is present, while on the mote and enable the implementation of techno- the related services is a socially significant issue lbeing technology testing and trial activities in other days the devices would on display so that logical solutions and their application in coope- when digital services and products are being de- real environments and situations with the right visitors could become familiar with them on their ration with other actors, in which case the voice veloped. people and groups will require good coopera- own.

mHealth booster 2014 52 53 mHealth booster 2014 Development of activities in the technology monstration activities but also for other activities development environments is closely linked related to the technology development environ- REFERENCES to concrete measures aimed at enhancing the ments, for example, for communications and effectiveness of communications and marke- planning, arranging and organising events. Even ting, such as increasing contact with the target more effort should also be put into cooperation groups, new communications materials, and by between the students and the companies, be- implementing virtual versions of the technology cause this provides the companies with different development environments. The technology de- benefits than what are gained from demonstrati- velopment environments could also have com- on activities in the technology development en- puters, which would include a virtual version vironments. At the same time, the students ob- of the environment and pages with additional tain concrete knowledge of company operations. information about the services and applications Aaltola, J. & Syrjälä, L. 1999. Tiede, toiminta ja vaikuttaminen. In publication: Heikkinen, H., Huttunen, displayed. Company compentence R. & Moilanen, P. (ed.) Siinä tutkija missä tekijä - toimintatutkimuksen perusteita ja näköaloja. Jyväskylä: One form of developing technology develop- Atena Kustannus. ment environment activities is a concrete expan- During the project, the companies received di- sion of lending activities with regard to devices verse support for their business. The companies’ Aaltonen, M., Ojanen, T., Vihunen, R. & Vilén, M. 2007. 2.-3. edition. 1999. Nuoren aika. WSOY. and the number of lending points. This is also products, services and applications were pre- closely linked to an increase in the work effort of sented in the technology development environ- Helne, T, Karisto, A (1992) Syrjäytymisen ongelma. In publication: Riihinen, O (ed.) Sosiaalipolitiikka 2017. the library staff, in order to quickly get the return- ments and at seniors’ events as well as at other Näkökulmia suomalaisen yhteiskunnan kehitykseen ja tulevaisuuteen. Sitra N:o 123. WSOY, Helsinki. ed devices back into circulation. events in Espoo and Vantaa and other parts of the Uusimaa region. Customer feedback was also Bandman, E. L. & Bandman B. 1995, 3. edition. Nursing Ethics through the Life Span. Connecticut: Apple- Student compentence gathered on the products and forwarded to the ton & Lange. companies. Company trainings were also organi- In the future, student competence should be sed, with topics based on the themes suggested Burns, N. & Grove, S.K. 1997, 3. edition. Practice of Nursing Research. Conduct, Critique & Utilization. USA: ensured and guaranteed by several actors. Pro- by the companies. The project also organised W.B. Saunders Company. duct training and induction related to the te- a variety of events, into which the companies chnology development environments should were invited to present their operations and to Caughan, P. & Coughan, D. 2002. Action research for operations management. International Journal of be of higher quality and more detailed, but the network. Operations & Produce Management. student counsellors and other teachers also have In the future, there should be a more detailed to take responsibility for student competence, review and agreement concerning the impacts Cohen, L. & Manion, L. 1985, 2. edition. Research methods in education. Lontoo: Croom Helm. for example, with regard to customer work and of technology development environment acti- meeting the customer. In the future, an increa- vities on company operations. The same process Creswell, J. 2005. Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualita- sing number of students from several different should apply to determining the requirements tive Research. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merill. fields of study should be steadily integrated into that technology development environment have the technology development environments and for the companies, so that the activities are as na- ETENE 2010. Teknologia ja etiikka sosiaali- ja terveysalan hoidossa ja hoivassa. Valtakunnallinen sosi- their activities on an equal basis. This will prevent tural and beneficial as possible for all. Cooperati- aali- ja terveysalan eettinen neuvottelukunta ETENE. Sosiaali- ja terveysministeriö. ETENE-julkaisuja 30. small student efforts of a few hours, which, once on between companies and students in the form Helsinki: Yliopistopaino. all the preparations are taken into consideration, of projects and theses should be increased, as it require more time and effort than the resulting provides companies with concrete benefits and Heikkinen, H. 2001. Toimintatutkimus – Toiminnan ja ajattelun taitoa. In publication: Aaltola, J. & Valli, R. benefit.T he diverse competence and interests new perspectives and ideas, as well as product (ed.) Ikkunoita tutkimusmetodeihin I. Metodin valinta ja aineiston keruu: virikkeitä aloittelevalle tutkijalle. of students should be utilised not only for de- development that targets their specific needs. Jyväskylä: PS-kustannus.

Heikkinen, H. 2006. Tutkiva ote toimintaan. & Toimintatutkimuksen lähtökohdat. In publication: Heikki- nen, H., Rovio, E. & Syrjälä L. (ed.) Toiminnasta tietoon. Toimintatutkimuksen menetelmät ja lähestymis- tapa. Helsinki: Kansanvalistusseura.

Holloway, I. & Wheeler, S. 1996. Qualitative research for nurses. Oxford: Blackwell Science.

Holstein, J.A. & Gubrium, J.F. 1997. Active interviewing. In publication: Silverman, D. (ed.) Qualitative research theory, method and practice. p. 113-129. Lontoo: Sage Publications.

Hyysalo, S. 2006. Käyttäjätieto ja käyttäjätutkimuksen menetelmät. Edita Prima, Helsinki.

Hyysalo, S. 2009. Käyttäjä tuotekehityksessä - Tieto, tutkimus, menetelmät. (User in product development

mHealth booster 2014 54 55 mHealth booster 2014 - Knowledge, Research, Methods). University of Art and Design, julkaisuja B 97. Helsinki: University of Topo, P. 2007. Dementia, teknologia ja etiikka. Gerontologia. The Finnish Society for Growth and Ageing Art and Design. Research publications 3/2007.

JADE. 2012. Cross analysis of SWOTs of clusters of ambient assisted living in JADE regions of Finland, Tuomi, J. & Sarajärvi, A. 2009. Laadullinen tutkimus ja sisällönanalyysi. Helsinki: Tammi. France, Italy, Turkey and UK. Vehviläinen-Julkunen, K. 1997. Hoitotieteellisen tutkimuksen etiikka. In publication: Paunonen, M. & Kananen, J. 2008. Kvantti. Kvantitatiivinen tutkimus alusta loppuun. Jyväskylän ammattikorkeakoulun Vehviläinen-Julkunen, K. (ed.) Hoitotieteen tutkimusmetodiikka. WSOY, Juva. julkaisuja -sarja. Jyväskylä: Jyväskylän ammattikorkeakoulu. Veivo, L. & Vilppola. T. 1998. Työllistymisen ja työelämän rakentuminen. In publication: Ulvinen V-M (ed.) Kankkunen, P. & Vehviläinen-Julkunen, K. 2009. Tutkimus hoitotieteessä. Helsinki: WSOY. (1998) Lasten ja nuorten syrjäytymistä koskevan tutkimuksen mahdollisuudet. Nuorisoasiain neuvottelu­ kunta. NUORAn julkaisuja 6. Mannerheimin Lastensuojeluliitto, Helsinki. Karvonen, E. 2014 Savitauluista sosiaaliseen mediaan - Viestinnän ja median yleinen kehityshistoria. In publication: Tommi Inkinen, Markku Löytönen & Anne Rutanen (ed.) Kirja muuttuvassa tietoympäristös- Virta, K. 2012. E - m- uHealth selvitys. Culminatum Innovation Oy Ltd, Espoo. sä. Helsinki: Suomen tietokirjailijat ry.

Kuorelahti, M. & Viitanen, R. (ed.) 1999. Holtittomasta hortoilusta hallittuun harhailuun – nuorten syrjäyty- Internet sources misen riskit ja selviytymiskeinot. NUORAn julkaisuja, Nro 14. Helsinki: Mannerheimin Lastensuojeluliitto. AActive and Healthy Ageing 2012. Referred 17.11.2014. http://ec.europa.eu/health/ageing/policy/in- Kuula, A. 2000. Toimintatutkimus. Kenttätyötä ja muutospyrkimyksiä. Tampere: Vastapaino. dex_en.htm

Kyngäs, H. & Vanhanen, L. 1999. Sisällönanalyysi. Hoitotiede Vol. 11, no. 1/99: 3-12. Hakkarainen, M. 2007. Toimintatutkimuksella tietoa elinkeinojen muutoksesta. Metlan työraportteja 52. Referred 29.5.2013. http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2007/mwp052-10.pdf Kyrö, P. 2004. Benchmarking as an Action Research Process. Benchmarking: An International Journal 11 (1). Huttunen, T. & Merikivi, J. 2011. Nuorten kohtaaminen verkossa. In publication: Merikivi, J., Timonen, P. & Tuuttila, L. (ed.) 2011. Sähköä ilmassa. Näkökulmia verkkoperustaiseen nuorisotyöhön. http://www. Lehto, P. 2011. Toimintatutkimus ja käyttäjälähtöiset menetelmät Turvallinen Koti -hankkeessa. In pub- nuorisotutkimusseura.fi/julkaisuja/sahkoailmassa.pdf lication: Lehto, P. & Leskelä, J. 2011. Interaktiivinen HyvinvointiTV® ja käyttäjälähtöiset ePalvelut. Tur- vallinen Koti –hankkeen loppuraportti. Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulun julkaisusarja B44. EditaPrima Oy, Kaukonen, Ritva 2007. Tilastoista syrjäytyneitä nuoria on noin 14 000. Tilastokeskus. Referred 11.9.2013. Helsinki. 20-52. http://www.stat.fi/artikkelit/2007/art_2007-11-07_002.html?s=0

Leino-Kilpi, H. & Tuomaala, U. 1989. Research ethics and nursing science: an empirical example. Journal Kojo, M. 2011. Verkkopelit – sosiaalista vai epäsosiaalista? In publication: Merikivi, J., Timonen, P. & Tuut- of Advanced Nursing 14: 451–455. tila, L. (ed.) 2011. Sähköä ilmassa. Näkökulmia verkkoperustaiseen nuorisotyöhön. http://www.nuoriso- tutkimusseura.fi/julkaisuja/sahkoailmassa.pdf Morton-Cooper, A. 2000. Action Research in Health Care. Paperback. Myllyniemi, S. (ed.). 2012. Monipolvinen hyvinvointi. Nuorisobarometri 2012. Opetus- ja kulttuuriminis- Paju, P. & Vehviläinen, J. 2001. Valtavirran tuolla puolen. Nuorten yhteiskuntaan kiinnittymisen kitkat teriö. Nuorisotutkimusverkosto/Nuorisotutkimusseura, julkaisuja 127, verkkojulkaisuja 53. Nuorisoasiain 1990-luvulla. Nuorisotutkimusverkosto / Nuorisotutkimusseura, julkaisuja 18. Helsinki. neuvottelukunta, julkaisuja 46. https://tietoanuorista.fi/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Nuorisobaromet- ri_2012_Verkkojulkaisu.pdf Reason, P. & Bradbury, H. (ed.) 2008, 2. modified edition.T he Sage handbook of action research: partici- pative inquiry and practice. Lontoo: Sage Publications. Myllyniemi, S. (ed.). 2013. Vaikuttava osa. Nuorisobarometri 2013. Toteutusorganisaatio: Opetus- ja kult- tuuriministeriö, Nuorisoasiain neuvottelukunta, Nuorisotutkimusseura ja tekijät. Muut raportit ja katsa- Roos, J. P. 1987. Suomalainen elämä. Tutkimus tavallisten suomalaisten elämäkerroista. Helsinki: Suoma- ukset. https://tietoanuorista.fi/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Nuorisobarometri_2013_lowres1.pdf laisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. Salmela, S. & Matilainen, I. 2007. Neuvontakeskustelu. In publication: Lyyra, T.-M.; Pikkarainen, A.; Tiikkai- Myrskylä, Pekka (2012) Hukassa – Keitä ovat syrjäytyneet nuoret? EVA 2/2012. Referred 11.9.2013. http:// nen, P. (ed.). Vanheneminen ja terveys. Helsinki: Edita. www.eva.fi/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Syrjaytyminen.pdf

Silverman, D. 2001. Doing qualitative research. A Practical handbook. London: Sage publications Ltd. Sintonen, S. 2008. Older consumers adopting information and communication technology: Evaluating opportunities for healthcare applications. Lappeenrannan teknillinen yliopisto. Doctoral thesis. Referred Sipilä, J. 1982. Lasten sosiaaliset ongelmat alueellisessa rakenteessa 2: Nuorten poikkeava käyttäytymi- 4.11.2014. http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/42856/isbn9789522146571.pdf nen ja yhteisön rakenne. Jyväskylän yliopisto. Yhteiskuntapolitiikan laitos. Tutkimuksia A1. Soukan palvelutalo. 2014. Espoon kaupunki. Palvelukeskukset. Senioripalvelut. Sosiaali- ja terveyspal- Tarvainen, E. & Mäkäräinen, M-M, 2014. Yritysten osaamis- ja työvoimantarvekartoitus osana mHealth velut. Referred 5.11.2014. http://www.espoo.fi/fi-fi/sosiaali_ja_terveyspalvelut/Senioripalvelut/Aktiivi- booster hanketta. Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, liiketalouden koulutusohjelma. seen_elamaan/Palvelukeskukset/Soukan_palvelutalo

mHealth booster 2014 56 57 mHealth booster 2014 The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. Referred 18.11.2014. https://web- gate.ec.europa.eu/eipaha/actiongroup.pdf. appendix 1

Uusi teknologia on käytössä. Referred 5.12.2014. http://www.vantaa.fi/fi/senioreille/vantaan_ikaanty- Companies which participated in the project activities mispoliittinen_ohjelma/uusi_teknologia_on_kaytossa

Vesterinen, M-L. 2011. SOTE-ennakointi. Sosiaali- ja terveysalan sekä varhaiskasvatuksen tulevaisuuden ennakointi. Loppuraportti 2011 artikkelittain. Kaikille yhteiset sote-alan tulevaisuuden osaamistarpeet ja koulutuksen kehittäminen. Referred 23.11.2014. http://www.edusampo.fi/sote/sote-ennakointi_lop- Aaria Family Oy Lumi Interactive Oy puraportti.php Active Life Village Oy Mariefors Open Oy Addoz Oy MealTracker THL 2014. Sosiaalinen pääoma. Terveyden ja Hyvinvointilaitoksen Hyvinvointi- ja terveyserot -verkkopal- Aino Health Management Medixine Oy velu. http://www.thl.fi/fi/web/hyvinvointi-ja-terveyserot/eriarvoisuus/hyvinvointi/sosiaalinen-paaoma Aksulit Oy Menumat Oy Alhola Consulting Oy Microsoft ArctiCare Technologies Oy Mirasys Oy Beddit Oy Mobile Wellness Solutions Oy Personal consents BiiSafe Oy Modz Oy Blue Lake Communications Oy Movendos Oy Aho, L. 2013. Kokeilupiste. Personal consent. BPS Consulting Finland Oy Mubik Entertainment Oy Kuutti, P. 2013. Tikkurilan kirjaston kävijämäärätilastot. Personal consent. BRIIM myHealthway Oy CommTabs Oy Netpresence Oy Culminatum Innovation Oy Ltd Niitty-Nummen hoitokoti Oy Digital Living Finland Odosoft Oy DRA Consulting Oy Oppifi Oy Ebsolut Oy Oppimaa Oy EDIS Pia Laurila Oy Optiikka Juurinen Oy Elisa Oyj Oy Anglo-Nordic Ab Elsi Technologies Oy Pieni piiri Oy Emfit Oy Planetboard Oy Emtele Oy Playground Finland Evondos Oy Practitec Oy Extensive Life Oy Pro Dosis Oy Falck Oy Prodman Oy FastROI Oy ProSanté Fenno Medical Oy Regenero Consulting Finncabinova Relaxbirth Oy Forum Virium Helsinki Safera Oy Fotracon Yhtiöt Oy Seniortek Oy Greenday Promotions Oy Sentina Oy HeadSted Oy Sisko-palvelut Health Revolution Ltd SmartVisio Oy Helpmeans Terveysturva Oy Sonera Oyj HJP-Lukuteline Oy Stompwell Oy Home Instead Seniorihoiva Suomen Apu-Tuote Oy House & LifeMGT Suomi Oy TerveysOperaattori Oy Innohome Ltd Traxmeet Oy Innovamo Oy Tunstall Oy Invalidiliiton Asumispalvelut Oy Turvallinen Koti Oy IsCom Oy Veropalvelu Sofia Oy Kaukomarkkinat Oy VideoVisit Oy Liike4k Oy Vivago Oy Lingua Care Oy Wellbookers Oy LivLiv Solutions Oy Wellness Foundry Holding Oy Ludus Helsinki Oy Your Turn Concept

mHealth booster 2014 58 59 mHealth booster 2014