Possible Extinctions, Rediscoveries, and New Plant Records Within The
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Cyanea Stictophylla
Plants Haha Cyanea stictophylla SPECIES STATUS: N. Tangalin, NTBG Federally Listed as Endangered Genetic Safety Net Species IUCN Red List Ranking – Critically Endangered (CR C2a) Hawai‘i Natural Heritage Ranking ‐ Critically Imperiled (G1) Endemism ‐ Island of Hawai‘i Critical Habitat ‐ Designated SPECIES INFORMATION: Cyanea stictophylla, a member of the bellflower family (Campanulaceae) is a shrub or tree 2 to 20 ft (0.6 to 8 m) tall, sometimes covered with small, sharp projections. The alternate, stalked, oblong, shallowly lobed, toothed leaves are 7.8 to 15 in (20 to 38 cm) long and 1.6 to 3.1 in (4 to 8cm) wide. Clusters of five or six flowers have main flowering stalks 0.4 to 1.6 in (1 to 4 cm) long; each flower has a stalk 0.3 to 0.9 in (0.7 to 2.2 cm) long. The hypanthium is topped with five calyx lobes 0.1 to 0.2 in (2 to 4 mm) long and 0.04 to 0.1 in (1 to 2 mm) wide. The yellowish‐white or purple petals, 1.4 to 2 in (3.5 to 5 cm) long, are fused into an arched, five‐lobed tube about 0.2 in (5 to 6 mm) wide. The spherical berries are orange. This species differs from others in the genus by its lobed, toothed leaves and its larger flowers with small calyx lobes and deeply lobed corollas. DISTRIBUTION: Historically, Cyanea stictophylla was known only from the island of Hawai‘i on the western, southern, southeastern, and eastern slopes of Mauna Loa. -
Pu'u Wa'awa'a Biological Assessment
PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A, NORTH KONA, HAWAII Prepared by: Jon G. Giffin Forestry & Wildlife Manager August 2003 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. ii GENERAL SETTING...................................................................................................................1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 Land Use Practices...............................................................................................................1 Geology..................................................................................................................................3 Lava Flows............................................................................................................................5 Lava Tubes ...........................................................................................................................5 Cinder Cones ........................................................................................................................7 Soils .......................................................................................................................................9 -
Urera Kaalae
Plants Opuhe Urera kaalae SPECIES STATUS: Federally Listed as Endangered Genetic Safety Net Species J.K.Obata©Smithsonian Inst., 2005 IUCN Red List Ranking – Critically Endangered (CR D) Hawai‘i Natural Heritage Ranking ‐ Critically Imperiled (G1) Endemism – O‘ahu Critical Habitat ‐ Designated SPECIES INFORMATION: Urera kaalae, a long‐lived perennial member of the nettle family (Urticaceae), is a small tree or shrub 3 to 7 m (10 to 23 ft) tall. This species can be distinguished from the other Hawaiian species of the genus by its heart‐shaped leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Found in the central to southern parts of the Wai‘anae Mountains on O‘ahu. ABUNDANCE: The nine remaining subpopulations comprise approximately 40 plants. LOCATION AND CONDITION OF KEY HABITAT: Urera kaalae typically grows on slopes and in gulches in diverse mesic forest at elevations of 439 to 1,074 m (1,440 to 3,523 ft). The last 12 known occurrences are found on both state and privately owned land. Associated native species include Alyxia oliviformis, Antidesma platyphyllum, Asplenium kaulfusii, Athyrium sp., Canavalia sp., Charpentiera sp., Chamaesyce sp., Claoxylon sandwicense, Diospyros hillebrandii, Doryopteris sp., Freycinetia arborea, Hedyotis acuminata, Hibiscus sp., Nestegis sandwicensis, Pipturus albidus, Pleomele sp., Pouteria sandwicensis, Psychotria sp., Senna gaudichaudii (kolomona), Streblus pendulinus, Urera glabra, and Xylosma hawaiiense. THREATS: Habitat degradation by feral pigs; Competition from alien plant species; Stochastic extinction; Reduced reproductive vigor due to the small number of remaining individuals. CONSERVATION ACTIONS: The goals of conservation actions are not only to protect current populations, but also to establish new populations to reduce the risk of extinction. -
Notes on Hawaiian Lobelioideae, with Descriptions of New Species and Varieties
v [From BULLETIN OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB. 44: 229-239.Pls. <rIb. 19 May 191 7.] Notes on Hawaiian Lobelioideae, with descriptions of new species and varieties JOSEPH F. ROCK (WITH PLATES 9-16) The writer has prepared a monograph on the Hawaiian lobelioi deous genera Cyanea, Rollandia, Clermontia, Delissea, Tremato lobelia and Brighamia, and on the endemic species of the genus Lo belia. But owing to the length of time necessary for the publica tion of the rather voluminous manuscript of the whole monograph, he thought itwise to publish the new species first in botanical peri odicals or bulletins. The majority of the new species of Cyanea and Clermontia have appeared in the writer's book on the In digenous Trees of the Hawaiian Islands (1913), in Bo.tanical Bul letin No.2, of the College of Hawaii Publications and in the Bul letin of the Torrey Botanical Club. With two exceptions the species and varieties described in the present paper belong to the genus Cyanea, which has by far the largest number of species of the lobelioideous genera represented in the Islands. Clermontia comes next, with RolZandia and Delissea following. I L I Cyanea noli-me-tangere sp. nov. II Plant subherbaceous, 3-20 dm. high, terrestrial, branching only when broken, spinescent throughout, with the exception of the fruit and corolla; stem green, somewhat fleshy, entirely i~ covered with strong, pale yellow, hollow spines; leaves bright ~ .green, ovate-oblong, somewhat acute at the apex, rounded at the I base, thin in texture, irregularly and sinuately notched, with Ii minute, mucronulate teeth along the margin, covered with yellow spines at more or less regular intervals of 7-10 mm. -
Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service
Thursday, February 27, 2003 Part II Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Final Designation or Nondesignation of Critical Habitat for 95 Plant Species From the Islands of Kauai and Niihau, HI; Final Rule VerDate Jan<31>2003 13:12 Feb 26, 2003 Jkt 200001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\27FER2.SGM 27FER2 9116 Federal Register / Vol. 68, No. 39 / Thursday, February 27, 2003 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR units designated for the 83 species. This FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Paul critical habitat designation requires the Henson, Field Supervisor, Pacific Fish and Wildlife Service Service to consult under section 7 of the Islands Office at the above address Act with regard to actions carried out, (telephone 808/541–3441; facsimile 50 CFR Part 17 funded, or authorized by a Federal 808/541–3470). agency. Section 4 of the Act requires us SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: RIN 1018–AG71 to consider economic and other relevant impacts when specifying any particular Background Endangered and Threatened Wildlife area as critical habitat. This rule also and Plants; Final Designation or In the Lists of Endangered and determines that designating critical Nondesignation of Critical Habitat for Threatened Plants (50 CFR 17.12), there habitat would not be prudent for seven 95 Plant Species From the Islands of are 95 plant species that, at the time of species. We solicited data and Kauai and Niihau, HI listing, were reported from the islands comments from the public on all aspects of Kauai and/or Niihau (Table 1). -
Keauhou Bird Conservation Center
KEAUHOU BIRD CONSERVATION CENTER Discovery Forest Restoration Project PO Box 2037 Kamuela, HI 96743 Tel +1 808 776 9900 Fax +1 808 776 9901 Responsible Forester: Nicholas Koch [email protected] +1 808 319 2372 (direct) Table of Contents 1. CLIENT AND PROPERTY INFORMATION .................................................................... 4 1.1. Client ................................................................................................................................................ 4 1.2. Consultant ....................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Executive Summary .................................................................................................. 5 3. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 6 3.1. Site description ............................................................................................................................... 6 3.1.1. Parcel and location .................................................................................................................. 6 3.1.2. Site History ................................................................................................................................ 6 3.2. Plant ecosystems ............................................................................................................................ 6 3.2.1. Hydrology ................................................................................................................................ -
Thorn-Like Prickles and Heterophyllyin Cyanea
Proc. Nadl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 91, pp. 2810-2814, March 1994 Evolution Thorn-like prickles and heterophylly in Cyanea: Adaptations to extinct avian browsers on Hawaii? (anti-herbivore ddenses/geese/leaf fonn/moa-nalos/paedomorphosis) T. J. GIVNISH*, K. J. SYTSMA, J. F. SMITHt, AND W. J. HAHNf Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1381 Communicated by Peter H. Raven, November 12, 1993 ABSTRACT The evolution of thorn-like structures in plants on oceanic islands that lack mammalian and reptilian herbivores is puzing, as is their tendency toward juvenile- adult leaf dimorphism. We propose that these traits arose in Cyanea (Campanul) on Hawaii as mechanical and visual defenses against herbivory by flightless geese and goose-like ducks that were extirated by Polynesians within the last 1600 years. A chloroplast DNA phylogeny indicates that thorn-like prickles evolved at least four times and leafdimorphism at least three times during the last 3.7 million years. The incidence of both traits increases from Oahu eastward toward younger islands, paralleling the dribution ofavian species apparently adapted for browsing. The effectiveness of visual defenses against avian browsers (once dominant on many oceanic is- lands, based on the vagility of their ancestors) may provide a general explanation for insar heterophylly: the other islands on which this previoul unexplained phenomenon is marked (New Zelnd, New Co a, Madagascar, Mascarene Is- lands) are exactly those on which one or more large ffightless avian browsers evolved. Cyanea (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae), the largest genus of plants endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago, has undergone FiG. 1. Juvenile shoots of Cyanea solanacea on Molokai (Ka- striking adaptive radiations in growth form, leaf size and makoa Reserve, The Nature Conservancy), showing dense aggrega- shape, and floral morphology (1-5). -
A Landscape-Based Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability for All Native Hawaiian Plants
Technical Report HCSU-044 A LANDscape-bASED ASSESSMENT OF CLIMatE CHANGE VULNEraBILITY FOR ALL NatIVE HAWAIIAN PLANts Lucas Fortini1,2, Jonathan Price3, James Jacobi2, Adam Vorsino4, Jeff Burgett1,4, Kevin Brinck5, Fred Amidon4, Steve Miller4, Sam `Ohukani`ohi`a Gon III6, Gregory Koob7, and Eben Paxton2 1 Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative, Honolulu, HI 96813 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 3 Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 4 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service —Ecological Services, Division of Climate Change and Strategic Habitat Management, Honolulu, HI 96850 5 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawai‘i National Park, HI 96718 6 The Nature Conservancy, Hawai‘i Chapter, Honolulu, HI 96817 7 USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Hawaii/Pacific Islands Area State Office, Honolulu, HI 96850 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai‘i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 November 2013 This product was prepared under Cooperative Agreement CAG09AC00070 for the Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey. Technical Report HCSU-044 A LANDSCAPE-BASED ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY FOR ALL NATIVE HAWAIIAN PLANTS LUCAS FORTINI1,2, JONATHAN PRICE3, JAMES JACOBI2, ADAM VORSINO4, JEFF BURGETT1,4, KEVIN BRINCK5, FRED AMIDON4, STEVE MILLER4, SAM ʽOHUKANIʽOHIʽA GON III 6, GREGORY KOOB7, AND EBEN PAXTON2 1 Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative, Honolulu, HI 96813 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawaiʽi National Park, HI 96718 3 Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of Hawaiʽi at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 4 U. -
Plants of Southeastern Polynesia. 3
Plants of Southeastern Polynesia. 3. F. R. FoSBERG1 and M.-H. SACHET1 Abstract In this paper are presented critical notes and records of species of Ophioglossum (Ophi oglossaceae), Waltheria (Sterculiaceae), Alyxia (Apocynaceae) and Morinda (Rubiaceae), a new varietal combination and two new varieties in Alyxia stellata, and a discussion of the generic separation of Ochrosia and Neiosperma (Apocynaceae). Ophioglossum pendulum var. falcatum (Presl) Fosberg, 0cc. Pap. Bishop Mus. 23 :29, 1962. 0. pendulum L. f. var. pendulum is common at low and moderate elevations in Tahiti. A collection from 1100 m elevation, south of Orohena, MacDaniels 1533 (US) is perfectly typical var. falcatum, apparently the first record of this variety from the Society Islands and from southern Polynesia. It is by far the commoner form in the Hawaiian Islands. The typical form, var. pendulum, with long pendant sterile parts of the fronds is common in Tahiti but very rare in Hawaii. Waltheria tomentosa (J. R. & G. Forst.) St. John, Nat. Can. 98:573, 1971.2 Lophanthus tomentosus J. R. & G. Forst., Char. Gen. 14, 1775; 28, pl. 14, 1776. Waltheria lophanthus Forst. f., Prodr. 47, 1786. It is surprising that no one had made this transfer. Of course, the application of the " Kew Rule" would have made it inappropriate prior to the formulation of the modern International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature at the Vienna Congress in 1905. However, there seems to be no reason for not now taking up the oldest available epithet for this plant. This species is still to be found on the dry sides of most of the Marquesas and on the smaller, low dry islands of the group. -
Ferns, Cycads, Conifers and Vascular Plants
Flora of Australia Glossary — Ferns, Cycads, Conifers and Vascular plants A main glossary for the Flora of Australia was published in Volume 1 of both printed editions (1981 and 1999). Other volumes contain supplementary glossaries, with specific terms needed for particular families. This electronic glossary is a synthesis of all hard-copy Flora of Australia glossaries and supplementary glossaries published to date. The first Flora of Australia glossary was compiled by Alison McCusker. Mary D. Tindale compiled most of the fern definitions, and the conifer definitions were provided by Ken D. Hill. Russell L. Barrett combined all of these to create the glossary presented here, incorporating additional terms from the printed version of Volume 37. This electronic glossary contains terms used in all volumes, but with particular reference to the flowering plants (Volumes 2–50). This glossary will be updated as future volumes are published. It is the standard to be used by authors compiling future taxon treatments for the Flora of Australia. It also comprises the terms used in Species Plantarum — Flora of the World. Alternative terms For some preferred terms (in bold), alternative terms are also highlighted (in parentheses). For example, apiculum is the preferred term, and (=apiculus) is an alternative. Preferred terms are those also used in Species Plantarum — Flora of the World. © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, 2017. Flora of Australia Glossary — Ferns, Cycads, Conifers and Vascular plants is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. -
Seedimages Species Database List
Seedimages.com Scientific List (possibly A. cylindrica) Agropyron trachycaulum Ambrosia artemisifolia (R) not Abelmoschus esculentus Agrostemma githago a synonym of A. trifida Abies concolor Agrostis alba Ambrosia confertiflora Abronia villosa Agrostis canina Ambrosia dumosa Abronia villosum Agrostis capillaris Ambrosia grayi Abutilon theophrasti Agrostis exarata Ambrosia psilostachya Acacia mearnsii Agrostis gigantea Ambrosia tomentosa Acaena anserinifolia Agrostis palustris Ambrosia trifida (L) Acaena novae-zelandiae Agrostis stolonifera Ammi majus Acaena sanguisorbae Agrostis tenuis Ammobium alatum Acalypha virginica Aira caryophyllea Amorpha canescens Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus Alcea ficifolia Amsinckia intermedia Acanthospermum hispidum Alcea nigra Amsinckia tessellata Acer rubrum Alcea rosea Anagallis arvensis Achillea millifolium Alchemilla mollis Anagallis monellii Achnatherum brachychaetum Alectra arvensis Anaphalis margaritacea Achnatherum hymenoides Alectra aspera Andropogon bicornis Acmella oleracea Alectra fluminensis Andropogon flexuosus Acroptilon repens Alectra melampyroides Andropogon gerardii Actaea racemosa Alhagi camelorum Andropogon gerardii var. Adenostoma fasciculatum Alhagi maurorum paucipilus Aegilops cylindrica Alhagi pseudalhagi Andropogon hallii Aegilops geniculata subsp. Allium canadense Andropogon ternarius geniculata Allium canadense (bulb) Andropogon virginicus Aegilops ovata Allium cepa Anemone canadensis Aegilops triuncialis Allium cernuum Anemone cylindrica Aeginetia indica Allium fistulosum Anemone -
Puaiohi Or Small Kaua‘I Thrush (Myadestes Palmeri)
Hawaiian Bird Conservation Action Plan Focal Species: Puaiohi or Small Kaua‘i Thrush (Myadestes palmeri) Synopsis: The Puaiohi is endemic to Kaua’i and is restricted to remote areas of the rugged ‘Alaka’i Plateau. It nests in hollows or on ledges of fern-covered cliffs along narrow streams. The species may always have been rare, and availability of suitable nest sites may limit the range and population size. Habitat management to prevent degradation by non-native plants and feral ungulates is a key to long-term conservation. Artificial nest structures are being investigated as a way of increasing nest site availability and decreasing nest predation. Puaiohi at nest. Photo Eric VanderWerf Typical Puaiohi nesting habitat. Photo KFBRP Geographic region: Kaua‘i, Hawaiian Islands Group: Forest Birds Federal Status: Endangered State status: Endangered IUCN status: Critically Endangered Conservation score, rank: 18/20, At-risk Watch List 2007 Score: RED Juvenile Puaiohi. Photo Eric VanderWerf Climate Change Vulnerability: High Population Size and Trend: The Puaiohi population was estimated to be about 500 birds in 2006 (range 200-1,000; Kaua’i Forest Bird Recovery Project [KFBRP] unpubl. data). The habitat used by Puaiohi is difficult to survey and calculating an accurate population estimate has been challenging. The population trend appears to be stable. In 2011, a new survey method (occupancy modeling; Mackenzie et al. 2006) was field tested and it is hoped that this method will yield a more precise population estimate and provide a more robust method for monitoring trends. Range: The breeding population is restricted to an area of < 20 km2 on the ‘Alaka’i Plateau, and 75% of the population is estimated to occur in just 10 km2 (KFBRP unpubl.