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THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census RAKHINE STATE, THANDWE DISTRICT Gwa Township Report Department of Population Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population October 2017 The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census Rakhine State, Thandwe District Gwa Township Report Department of Population Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population Office No.48 Nay Pyi Taw Tel: +95 67 431062 www.dop.gov.mm October 2017 Figure 1: Map of Rakhine State, showing the townships Gwa Township Figures at a Glance 1 Total Population 42,434 2 Population males 21,158 (49.9%) Population females 21,276 (50.1%) Percentage of urban population 22.4% Area (Km2) 1,489.3 3 Population density (per Km2) 28.5 persons Median age 31.8 years Number of wards 3 Number of village tracts 21 Number of private households 11,245 Percentage of female headed households 14.1% Mean household size 3.7 persons 4 Percentage of population by age group Children (0 – 14 years) 24.8% Economically productive (15 – 64 years) 66.3% Elderly population (65+ years) 8.9% Dependency ratios Total dependency ratio 50.9 Child dependency ratio 37.4 Old dependency ratio 13.5 Ageing index 36.0 Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 99 Literacy rate (persons aged 15 and over) 95.6% Male 97.2% Female 94.1% People with disability Number Per cent Any form of disability 1,679 4.0 Walking 788 1.9 Seeing 835 2.0 Hearing 565 1.3 Remembering 623 1.5 Type of Identity Card (persons aged 10 and over) Number Per cent Citizenship Scrutiny 25,941 72.4 Associate Scrutiny * < 0.1 Naturalised Scrutiny 70 0.2 National Registration 298 0.8 Religious 133 0.4 Temporary Registration 384 1.1 Foreign Registration * < 0.1 Foreign Passport 27 0.1 None 8,974 25.0 Labour Force (aged 15 – 64) Both sexes Male Female Labour force participation rate 59.4% 86.0% 32.8% Unemployment rate 4.2% 3.5% 5.9% Employment to population ratio 56.9% 82.9% 30.9% Ownership of housing unit (Tenure) Number Per cent Owner 9,797 87.1 Renter 598 5.3 Provided free (individually) 522 4.6 Government quarters 277 2.5 Private company quarters 34 0.3 Other * 0.2 Material for housing Wall Floor Roof Dhani/Theke/In leaf 13.0% 84.8% Bamboo 33.6% 13.4% 0.1% Earth 0.1% 0.3% Wood 48.3% 82.2% < 0.1% Corrugated sheet 0.2% 14.3% Tile/Brick/Concrete 4.5% 3.8% 0.6% Other 0.3% 0.3% 0.1% Main source of energy for cooking Number Per cent Electricity 60 0.5 LPG * < 0.1 Kerosene 22 0.2 Biogas * 0.1 Firewood 10,232 91.0 Charcoal 872 7.7 Coal 26 0.2 Other 25 0.2 Main source of energy for lighting Number Per cent Electricity 1,270 11.3 Kerosene 1,677 14.9 Candle 4,021 35.8 Battery 1,790 15.9 Generator (private) 2,098 18.7 Water mill (private) * 0.1 Solar system/energy 339 3.0 Other 38 0.3 Main source of drinking water Number Per cent Tap water/piped 93 0.8 Tube well, borehole 112 1.0 Protected well/spring 7,987 71.0 Bottled/purifier water * 0.1 Total Improved Water Sources 8,200 72.9 Unprotected well/spring 1,776 15.8 Pool/pond/lake 62 0.5 River/stream/canal 338 3.0 Waterfall/rainwater 76 0.7 Other 793 7.1 Total Unimproved Water Sources 3,045 27.1 Main source of water for non-drinking use Number Per cent Tap water/piped 153 1.4 Tube well, borehole 131 1.2 Protected well/spring 7,323 65.1 Unprotected well/spring 2,252 20.0 Pool/pond/lake 56 0.5 River/stream/canal 345 3.1 Waterfall/rainwater 76 0.7 Bottled/purifier water - - Other 909 8.1 Type of toilet Number Per cent Flush 104 0.9 Water seal (Improved pit latrine) 6,155 54.8 Total Improved Sanitation 6,259 55.7 Pit (Traditional pit latrine) 229 2.0 Bucket (Surface latrine) 368 3.2 Other 64 0.6 None 4,325 38.5 Availability of communication amenities Number Per cent Radio 4,656 41.4 Television 3,527 31.4 Landline phone 302 2.7 Mobile phone 1,885 16.8 Computer 129 1.1 Internet at home 325 2.9 Households with none of the items 4,476 39.8 Households with all of the items * 0.1 Availability of Transportation equipment Number Per cent Car/Truck/Van 96 0.9 Motorcycle/Moped 2,875 25.6 Bicycle 3,894 34.6 4-Wheel tractor 136 1.2 Canoe/Boat 470 4.2 Motor boat 715 6.4 Cart (bullock) 2,308 20.5 Note: 1 Population figures for Gwa Township are as of 29th March 2014. 2 Includes both household population and institution population. 3 Settlement and Land Record Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, (2014-2015) 4 Calculated based on conventional household population * Less than 20. Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................3 Census information on Gwa Township .......................................................................................................5 (A) Demographic Characteristics .........................................................................................................7 (B) Religion ........................................................................................................................................11 (C) Education .....................................................................................................................................12 (D) Economic Characteristics ............................................................................................................16 (E) Identity Cards ...............................................................................................................................22 (F) Disability ......................................................................................................................................23 (G) Housing Conditions and Household Amenities ............................................................................26 Type of housing unit .....................................................................................................................26 Type of toilet .................................................................................................................................27 Source of drinking water ..............................................................................................................29 Source of lighting .........................................................................................................................31 Type of cooking fuel .....................................................................................................................33 Communication and related amenities .........................................................................................35 Transportation items ....................................................................................................................37 (H) Fertility and Mortality ....................................................................................................................38 Fertility .........................................................................................................................................38 Childhood Mortality and Maternal Mortality ..................................................................................40 Definitions and Concepts .........................................................................................................................42 List of Contributors ...................................................................................................................................46 1 Introduction In April 2014, the Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar conducted its latest census, after three decades without a Population and Housing Census. In the post-independence period, comprehensive population and housing censuses were only successfully undertaken in 1973, 1983 and most recently in April 2014. Censuses are an important source of benchmark information on the characteristics of the population and households in every country. One unique feature of a census is its ability to provide information down to the lowest administrative level. Such information is vital for planning and evidence based decision-making at every level. Additional data uses include allocation of national resources; the review of administrative boundaries; the positioning of social infrastructures, drawing national development plans, service provision and developing social infrastructure, and for humanitarian preparedness and response. The results of the 2014 Census have been published so far in a number of volumes. The first was the Provisional Results released in August 2014. The Census Main Results were launched in May 2015. These included The Union Report, Highlights of the Main Results, and reports of each of the 15 States and Regions. The reports on Occupation and Industry and Religion were launched in March 2016 and July 2016, respectively. All the publications are available online at http://www.dop.gov.mm/ and http:// myanmar. unfpa.org/node/15104. The current set of the 2014 Census publications comprise township and sub-township reports. Their preparation involved collaborative efforts of the Department of Population and UNFPA. This report contains selected demographic and socio-economic characteristics of Gwa Township in Rakhine State. The information included in this report is the situation of 2014 March 29, Census night. Township level information is very important. However, the level of confidence of township estimates is not the same as Union level information. Some of the townships have relatively small populations; the interpretation of these estimates should be made with caution. Some of the indicators,
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