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UMI Bmce Price, And His Montreal Train Stations Kevin Dandurand A Thesis in The Department Of Art History Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada May 2000 O Kevin Dandurand, 2000 National Libraiy Bibliothèque nationale 1+1 of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibtiographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington OnawaON KlAON4 Onawa ON KlAONQ Canada CaMda The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive Licence aiiowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sel1 reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microfonn, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la fome de microfichelfilm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Bruce Price, And His Montreal Train Stations Ket?n Dandurand The foUowing is an investigation into a portion of an Amencan's work contrîved in Montreal. Architect Bruce Price experienced a short yet prosperous career: and part of his career was devoted to Canadian architecture. His most famous accomplishment in Canada is most tikely Chateau Frontenac in Quebec City. He worked primarilv for the CPR and he designed numerous buildings across the country. Subsequently this thesis scmtinizes two of his Montreal train stations which were both built late in the nineteenth century. Windsor Station (1887-89) was construded downtown, while Place Viger Station (1896-98)was Montreai's first major east end station. These two works provide tremendous contrast, and they are discussed chiefly fiom an architectural standpoint; their styles will be the primary issue. Furthemore, theù motives and sources of inspiration wiU be compared; for each station was buüt in a style accepted as important in the history of architecture. This thesis could not have been completed without the kïndness and assistance of my supervisor, Jean Bélisle. His encouragement and suggestions, throughout these past months, have greatly aided me in my research and writing. 1must also give thanks to the archivists at the CP Corporate Archives, Stephen Lyons and JO-AnneColby,who have both been tremendous help. Without their assistance this thesis could not have been achieved. Finally 1 would Wce to say thank you to Catherine MacKenzie, who provided me with documentation that was absolutely vital in my research. CONTENTS LiSTOFRGL/1PEÇ............................................,......................................................... V7 moDUmO!.........................................*........................................................... 1 CEHITER OAE: BImWIIY, VVArVHORAEAND 7EE CPR. 1.1 Early Me and career ......................................................................................... 10 1.2 W . C Van Home as an American railroad leader ........................................23 1.3 Van Home and the first TramCanada route ............... ..... ................25 1.4 The architecture that fouowed ........................................................................ 28 CEUPZFR TWO:WZNDSORSTAZTON- ~InUCW;4RDÇONZAN: 2.1 The inspiration .................................... ... .......................................................... 36 2.2 The construction .............................................................................................43 2.3 Windsor Station after 1889 ............................................................................. 52 2.4 Windsor under threat ...................................................................................58 CHAMER IHUEE PLACE VTGER .A CIERITABLE ChVI 723U. 3.1 Theones to draw upon ..................................................................................68 3.2 Towards the Chateauesque............................................................................. 74 3.3 The CPR a different community. inspiration. and style ..............................80 3.4 A national emblem?.......................................................................................... 86 LIST OF FIGURES 1. Windsor Station (1887-89). Kaiman, Historv, p. 487. 2. Viger Station (1896-98). Kalman, Railwav Hotel, fig. 10. 3. Chateau Saligny in the Loire Valley, France. Petit, vol. 1, pl. 5. 4. Chateau Jaligny in the Loue Vallev. Petit, vol. 1, pl. 6. 5. Chateau Luynes in the Loire Valley. Petit, vol. 2, pl. 63. 6. Chateau WUsse in the Loire Vailey. Petit, vol. 2, pl. 71. 7. Chateau Sully-Sur-Loue in the Loire Valley. Petit, vol. 1, pl. 28. 8. Chateau Langeais in the Loire Valley. Fraigneau, no page number. 9. Chateau Valencay in the LoireVaUey. Petit, vol. 2, pl. 53. 10. Chateau Du Moulin in the Loire Vallev. Petit, vol. 2 pl. 42. 11. Windsor Station in 1889. Kaiman, Raiiwav Hotel, fig. 3. 12. Windsor Station's original waiting room. Friends, p. 8. 13. The Maxwell annex (1900). Friends, p. 12. 14. The Mud Hut (1906). Friends, p. 13. 15. The Painter annex (190812). Thomas, Christopher, p. 19. 16.1954 annex. Friends, p. 19. 17. Original Banff Springs Hotel (1886). Kalman, Railwav Hotel, fig. 4. 18. Price's wings of Chateau Frontenac (1893-6).Shugis, p 30. 19. Price's Ross House (1900). Sturgis, p. 53. 20. Price's London Station (1886). CP Corporate Archives photo A-2582 21. Niernsee & Neiison's Carnden Station (1851). Hungerford, no page number. M 22. Niernsee & Neilson's Calvert Station (1855). Howland, p. 124 23. Nie- & Neilson's Greenmount Cemetary Mortuq Chape1 (1856). Howland, p. 128. 24. Price's Kent House (1885). Scully, fig. 108-109. 25. nie Sun Building (1890). Stem, p. 158. 26. The Surety Building (1894). Sbrgis, p. 5. 27. The Jersey Central Railway Station (1892). Shirgis, p. 43. 28. The Hudson Terminal Building (c. 1900). Sturgïs, p. 16. 29. Thomas Çorbfs Mount Stephen House (1886). Donzel, p. 195. 30. Sorby's Glacier House (1887). Kalman, Railwav Hotel, fig. 1. 31. Sorby's Frasier Canyon Hotel (1887). Donzel, p. 1%. 32. The Last Spike (1885). Donzel, p. 192 33. Dalhousie Station. CP Rd,Gatewav, p. 2. 34. Chaboiilez Çquare. Choko, p. 143. 35. Richardson's Mars haU Field Building, Chicago (1885-87). Van Rensselaer, no page number. 36. Richards on's Chamber of Commerce, Cincinnati (1886-88). Van Rensselaer, no page number. 37. Richardson's Ailegheny County Buildings, Pittsburgh (1882-88). Van Rensselaer, no page number. 38. Richardson's Trini ty Chuc h, Boston (1873-77). Van Rensselaer, no page number. vii 39. Allegheny County Jail. Hitchcock, Richardson, fig. 92. 40. Richardson's Cheney Block, Hartford. Hitchcock, Richardson, fig. 43. 41. Richardson's Ames Building, Boston (1882-82). Hitchcock, Richardson, fig. 81. 42. Price's original wuig. CP Corporate Archives photo A-11240. 43. Price's Plan "D. "Designs" Building. P. 81 +. 44. View of Donegani St at Dominion Square. CP Rail, Gatewav, p. 14 45. Price's Plan "B. "Designs" Building. P. 81 +. 46. Plan "A". "Designs" Buildinq. P. 81 +. 47. Plan "C". "Designs", Building. P. 81 +. 48. Windsor's tower. Detail, Friends, p. 9. 49.1913 "Bush type shed at Windsor Station. "Trainshed", Canadian Railwav and Marine World, p. 317. 50.1930 proposal to replace Windsor by Fellheimer and Wagner. Choko, p. 177. 51. The Molson Center (1993). Hume, p. A9. 52. Ferrand Cathedral, France (1349-59). Pevsner, p. 38. 53. Tache's Drill HaU (1884). Crossman, fig. 42 54. Original Chateau St Louis, Quebec City. McCord Museum Archives. 55. Horseshoe Plan of Chateau Frontenac. Kaiman, Railwav Hotel, fig. 5. 56. Chateau Frontenac complete in 1920. Kalman, Railwav Hotel, fig. 11. 57. Richard Morris Hunt's W. K Vanderbiit House, N.Y.C (1882). Chase, p. 150. 58. Hunt's Borden House, Chicago, (1886-89). Chase, p. 154. vüi 59. Hunt's Rogers House, Hyde Park, N.Y. (1886-89). Chase, p. 152 60. Hunt's Lawrence House, NXC (1890). Baker, p. 342 61. Hunt's "Grey Towers", Milford, Penn. (1884-86). Chase, p. 165. 62. Map of Viger area. CP Cortporate Archives. 63. Original Viger Station Waiting Room. Golba, no page number. INTRODUCIION Bruce Pnce (1845-1903), American born architect, had built a reputable firm that resulted in tremendous fame; this fame placed him in contention with other leading U.S. architects Like McKirn Mead and White, Richard Morris Hunt and Henry Hobson Richardson. This was a rivalry where the demand for these architects was as high for one as for another. He had an impressive resume and designed both places of residence and business. Despite an early death, Bruce Price had an architectural career worth boasting. One of his most notable patrons was the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR). Because of the large amount of time of his career spent with the raiiway Company, the foilowing is a study of a portion of this architecfs work in an important rail city during his the: Montreai. This is the city and the focus wïli be on Windsor Station (188849) and Place Viger station (1896-98) (figs. 1 & 2), hogreatiy diffe~gworks with differing backgrounds and sources of inspiration. A personality associateci with the