National Tertiary Education Union — UQ Branch NEWS & VIEWS July 2012 Fair Shares: Maintain the Quality of Education at UQ! Andrew Bonnell, NTEU Branch President UQ

Inside this issue Fair Shares: Maintain the Quality of Education at UQ! 1 UQ Reform 2 UQ Branch support for Musgrave Park 2 Jackie Huggins presented with NTEU Merit Award 3 The Curlew Club 3 International Women’s Day at UQ 4 Retrieving Women’s Lost and Silenced Histories 5 Your Workplace Rights: Did You Know? 6 Dr David Callaghan and Dr Maxine Darnell speaking at the launch of the Fair Shares Member activities: Transit of Venus 6 campaign on 1st May, 2012 Thoughts on Activism 7 As a historian, I might allow to think of a more pressing concern for Contracts of Employment 8 myself a short historical analogy: members on Academic Board, especially Australian Universities: Today and The nineteenth-century British those Heads of School who have to manage Tomorrow 8 statesman Lord Palmerston is budgets on a fraction of the revenue their traditionally supposed to have said Schools generate for UQ). of the Schleswig-Holstein Question The model is complicated by the varying NTEU University of Qld Branch (a territorial and dynastic dispute rates of government revenue and different between Denmark and the German rates of UQ taxation for different students Branch President states): “The Schleswig-Holstein and disciplines, as well as by a number Andrew Bonnell question is so complicated, only three of clawbacks involving different pots of Branch Organiser men in Europe have ever understood funding (e.g. “quality money”). Lachlan Hurse it. One was Prince Albert, who is dead. The internal UQ taxation on student The second was a German professor Industrial Officer funding seems to be rising: when I tried to who became mad. I am the third and I Michael McNally calculate the amount of money a School have forgotten all about it.” retained from a HECS- and Commonwealth- Office Something similar may apply to the supported Humanities student a few years Rm 412 Seddon Bld (82D) University of ’s “Budget ago, the figure was 38%. The best advice I St Lucia Campus, Qld 4072 Contribution Model”, which allocates have is that last year the figure was below funding to Schools. It seems to be difficult 35%. In this case, only one in three HECS Phone...... 07 3365 2538 to find anyone who can give a clear and Commonwealth grant dollars for a Fax...... 07 3365 2949 explanation of how it works. Questions by student’s education is going to the School doing the teaching. Email...... [email protected] members on Academic Board have so far been fruitless, although we will continue While some of the UQ poll tax goes to Web...... www.nteu.org.au/uq to follow the matter up. (It has been hard essential and unavoidable overheads,

Published by the National Tertiary Education Union, Branch. Authorised by Andrew Bonnell, President. Page 2 NTEU UQ News and Views, July 2012

continued on from Page 1 central admin services, libraries, etc., the rate at which new buildings are approved, and other discretionary budget decisions, must be having an impact as well. The UQ Reform Fair Shares campaign is seeking greater transparency, to determine whether funds might not be distributed in a more Response to announcement by the University of Queensland equitable fashion, and one that would enhance the education of our students. Vice-Chancellor, Professor Debbie Terry, regarding the “UQ Join in the Fair Shares campaign! Integrity and Accountability Reform Program”. Come along to a campaign team meeting 18 May 2012: The NTEU welcomes the stake in the success of the University, and help make teaching and learning better action proposed by the University to we are committed to ensuring that the resourced. Contact the Branch Organiser: address the admission irregularity which expertise of staff forms a significant input [email protected] or tel: 33652538. occurred last year. Whilst we have not into the realisation of reforms that ensure a been consulted nor involved in proposing fair and transparent working environment or drafting any of the recommendations, for all staff and guard against abuse of, or COLLECTIVE noting this may not have been appropriate ignorance of, policies and procedures. at that stage, we clearly see that we do now We welcome the development have a role in ensuring that the Reform of programs “focused on ethics, BARGAINING: Program is effective, robust and is not to accountability and integrity for the the detriment of any of our members who University’s key decision makers,” and RETURNING SOON TO A will be affected by any resultant changes. “preventative educational programs for all levels of University leadership”. In view of The Union is actively involved on an CAMPUS NEAR YOU! the situation that occurred last year, this is ongoing basis with the review and drafting clearly very appropriate. Informed by the views of a UQ of policies and procedures, working closely Branch EB meeting held on 5 June, with University management, and is equally The NTEU has been very successful in Andrew Bonnell and Gordon Lynn concerned that we grow a ‘strong culture of building its reputation as an organisation represented the UQ Branch at the integrity’. One of our central roles within the with a strong culture of integrity, a NTEU Bargaining Conference in University is to provide a balanced input robust reputation of transparency and a Melbourne on 15-16 June. with a strong staff perspective to all the commitment to fairness and Equity and we are happy to make the offer to direct that Elected officers from all NTEU Branches in policies and procedures of the University. experience into the reforms outlined today. the country participated in often vigorous As an internal organisation with a large debate over the union’s objectives in the coming Round 6 of collective bargaining (which is already starting at some branches in Queensland, Victoria and NSW). UQ Branch support for Musgrave Key objectives that were identified for the coming bargaining round include: •• Improved mechanisms for recognizing Park Aboriginal Tent Embassy and rewarding work value of professional staff, through transparent Strait Islander people struggling for their processes, to acknowledge the greater sovereign rights at the Musgrave Park Tent complexity of professional staff work. Embassy. •• More entry-level continuing academic The branch deplores the action by the positions to curb the large scale City Council and Queensland Police casualisation of academic work. in forcibly removing the Tent Embassy. •• A real pay increase. We call on the union movement to engage •• Improved Indigenous employment in a dialogue with Aboriginal and Torres Strait policies. Islander activists at the Embassy and their There will also be a focus on local claims. respective organisations, in order to mobilise The NTEU at UQ will be holding a series of The UQ Branch responded to the police unionists in support of their just cause. meetings during semester 2 to hear the action against the Musgrave Park Tent Subsequently the NTEU Division views of members on the coming round of Embassy with the following resolution Secretary, Margaret Lee moved a similar bargaining, which starts at UQ at the end of passed unanimously at the Branch Meeting motion at the Queensland Council of semester 2. This is your chance to make a of 16 May 2012. Unions which was passed without dissent. difference to our conditions of work at this That the UQ branch of the NTEU stands university. in solidarity with the Aboriginal and Torres NTEU UQ News and Views, July 2012 Page 3

Jackie Huggins presented with NTEU Merit Award The Curlew Club The Curlew Club is the UQ Branch’s monthly lunchtime get-together. On the second Friday of each month members spend time relaxing with their fellow members sharing work stories and experiences. Attendees are guaranteed a good discussion! The next gathering of the Curlew Club will be on Friday July 13 at 1 p.m. We’ll gather on the lawn next to the University lake or in the case of rain, in the Union Office. Jackie receiving her award, with UQ NTEU members and union staff

In February 2012, at a small ceremony journal that reflected and encouraged held in the UQ Branch office long- expanding educational horizons of term member Jackie Huggins was Indigenous people, and increasing presented with an NTEU Merit Award, participation in higher education.) Jackie conferred at the 2011 National became a major figure in promoting Council of the NTEU. Indigenous history, becoming a director of the Centre for Indigenous History, and Jackie Huggins is a proud member of the participating in the national Australian Pitjara/ and the Birri Gubba Juru History Summit. people. She joined a union when she took Jackie has done an enormous amount of her first job at 15 and has been a union work on Indigenous representative bodies ”Invest in Australia’s Future, member ever since. She joined the NTEU and has served the Indigenous community in 1997. Invest in Our Universities” in a wide variety of capacities. In the most Jackie Huggins has had a highly difficult years of the federal Coalition “Invest in Australia’s Future, Invest in distinguished career as an Indigenous government, Jackie took on demanding Our Universities” is a long term campaign scholar, author, activist and community roles to defend and started to call on the Federal Government leader. Until recently, she worked at the interests and carried out these duties with to increase public investment in our University of Queensland as Deputy authority, determination, and grace. She universities by 10% immediately, and Director of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait was a member of the National Council for to commit towards matching the OECD Islander Studies Unit. After working for the Aboriginal Reconciliation, the State Library average of investment in higher education ABC and the Department of Aboriginal Board of Queensland and a Commissioner to 1% of Gross Domestic Product in the Affairs, Jackie came to the University of for Queensland for the Stolen Generation medium term. Queensland as a student. Jackie studied Inquiry, and for several years was a judge Universities are facing a crisis. Decades and history, and she of the national David Unaipon Award for of underfunding have left them with collaborated with committed scholars like unpublished Indigenous writers. She was declining infrastructure, overcrowded Ray Evans, Kay Saunders and Ann McGrath involved in the 2003 review of ATSIC. classrooms, overworked staff, higher in pioneering research on the history of In her work with the Aboriginal and levels of casualisation, and an unhealthy Indigenous workers, publishing in leading Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit, Jackie dependence on international fee income journals. Jackie’s publications include the was a role model and mentor to numerous to fund all aspects of their work. award-winning biography of her mother Indigenous students, especially to Auntie Rita (1994) and Sister Girl (1998). She With one of the world’s most prosperous Indigenous women. has also written a number of plays. From economies, there is no excuse not to invest 1997, she co-edited The Australian Journal Throughout her employment at the more in our universities and Australia’s of Indigenous Education. (Previously, this University of Queensland, Jackie was a future. proud NTEU member. The UQ Branch of the journal was called The Aboriginal Child Visit our campaign website and find out more! NTEU is particularly honoured to nominate at School - Jackie was instrumental in http://www.investinuniversities.org.au/ its transformation into a peer-reviewed Jackie for a Merit Award. Page 4 NTEU UQ News and Views, July 2012

Celebrating 40 Years of Women’s and INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY AT UQ

Sessions were chaired by Associate Professor Liz Mackinlay, Dr Bronwen Levy and Dr Sue Monk. The crowd of over 120 participants engaged in discussion which flowed over into the concluding social event in the Social Sciences and Humanities Library where there were additional guest speakers Professor Nancy Wright (Executive Dean of Arts), Ros Follett (Fryer Library) and a lively performance by the choir Arrkula. The following day staff and students visited the , where Merle Thornton and Rosalie Bognor chained themselves to the (male-only) bar in 1965. The seminar was jointly organised by the UQ Branch of the NTEU and the UQ Gender Studies Teaching Committee, and supported by The Fryer Library, the Australian Women’s and Gender Studies Association and ME Bank.

Pro-Vice Chancellor (Indigenous Education) Professor Cindy Shannon; Lecturer in Political Science, Di Zetlin; Merle Thornton; and Professor of Literature and Women’s Studies, Carole Ferrier. International Women’s Day was Other guest speakers included Di Zetlin, marked by a highly successful seminar Professor Carole Ferrier, Dr Alix Winter, celebrating 40 years of Women’s and Dr Helen Johnston, Michelle Robertson, Gender Studies at UQ. The keynote Briony Lipton, and Associate Professor Julie speaker was Merle Thornton who was Duck who all spoke about the significance instrumental in the establishment of of Women’s and Gender Studies to Members of UQ NTEU Women’s Committee Women’s and Gender Studies at UQ contemporary Australia, equipping and Arrkula Choir with Merle Thornton in 1972, followed by a short video graduates with skills, and yielding research and guest speakers, including Ros Follett, presentation by Paul Wilson, who was results which help inform present-day Executive Dean of Arts, Professor Nancy head of the Department of struggles to challenge existing hurdles to Wright, Dr Alix Winter, Dr Helen Johnston and Anthropology at the time. equality. and others. The seminar began with an acknowledgement of the Traditional Owners by Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Indigenous Education), Professor Cindy Shannon, who spoke of the strength of Indigenous women and their contribution to their community and beyond. Senator Claire Moore introduced Merle Thornton paying tribute to the significant contribution that Merle made to breaking barriers women faced in employment, including the bar on married women working in the Australian Public Service. Merle spoke about the setting up of the Women’s and Gender Studies major at UQ, and the barriers she had to overcome to achieve the breakthrough. The gathering at the Regatta Hotel NTEU UQ News and Views, July 2012 Page 5

Retrieving Women’s Lost and Silenced Histories

The second seminar to mark the Handbook of the Family Law Act (1975) and 40th anniversary of Women’s and Germaine Greer’s paisley coat. Gender Studies at UQ was held on Margaret Reid spoke about the challenges May 18, with a series of presentations of archiving material now deposited in the which explored various aspects of University of Queensland’s Fryer Library uncovering women’s history through from Women’s House, and creating a sense art and archival research. of history in the ephemera of the times, reminding the audience of the harsh reality Senator Claire Moore opened the session of women’s struggle during the 60s and with comments about Emma Miller and 70s. the need to keep alive knowledge of the role of women such as Emma Miller in the Louise Denoon and Jo Besley presented origins of organised labour in Queensland, “Women in Queensland Collections,” to inform the present day. which looked at exhibitions in the State Library of Queensland and the Museum “Beauty and Power”, the presentation by of Brisbane which featured women and Adjunct Professor Fiona Foley discussed their contribution to Queensland. They how her identity as a Badtjala woman (from discussed women’s participation in the Fraser Island) informs her artwork which Queensland Memory project, and the examines the dynamic interaction of sex, Professor Carole Ferrier, Senator Claire Margaret Lawrie collection with a focus race and history, and the ongoing struggle Moore, Barbara Williams, NTEU State on the Torres Strait, and then from the for Aboriginal women in the face of racism Campaign Organiser and Dr Sue Monk, Museum of Brisbane they commented on and particularly racist violence. NTEU Women’s Committee the exhibitions “Taking to the Streets 1965- In “Armed to the Teeth and Ready for Any Dr Sharon Bickle presented the findings 1985”, “Prejudice and Pride”, and “Behind EVERY Emergency” Dr Deborah Jordan of archival research on the poet “Michael the Seams: The Women who made Can’t looked at the contribution of Emma Miller Field” – the pseudonym adopted by two Tear Em”. to Queensland labour history and the women Katharine Harris Bradley and Edith Interested in the Women’s Committee? status of women, noting how little archival Emma Cooper – analysing their life writings. material is available (but showing in public If you would like to be involved in future Dr Margaret Henderson spoke about the for the first time the petition for women’s activities of the UQ Women’s Committee “Australian Feminist Memory Project” which suffrage, presented to the Queensland please contact the NTEU State Campaign aimed to collect 40 objects which represent parliament in 1894). Organiser: Barbara Williams on 33628200 key themes in the history of Australian or [email protected]. from 1970 to 1990, and the development of a feminist museum. The project coordinators received favourable replies from a wide range of leading women such as the offer of Elizabeth Evatt’s

Lost and hidden objects: The original 1894 petition for women’s suffrage in Queensland (L), Poster for International Women’s Day (centre) Germaine Greer and her paisley coat (upper R) Women workers march in the 1912 General Strike in Brisbane (lower R) Page 6 NTEU UQ News and Views, July 2012

Your workplace rights University has no wish at all to prevent you discussion. The flexibility afforded in the from your entitlements or the full realisation case of HEW 8 and above means that extra of your conditions of employment. hours worked can be recovered through DID YOU KNOW...? At a more local level, unfortunately, shaping your working week in agreement managers sometimes need to be reminded with your manager but should never be Professional Staff: if your grade is in that we have a very robust set of policies viewed as something that is given without the range HEW 1 to 7, the default for to which they must adhere and each and any prospect of ever being taken. It is your overtime, is payment. every one of us can play our part in assisting personal responsibility to ensure that you This is the decision of the employee, you. them to do the right thing. recover this time. This is not your manager’s decision and For all HEW levels, always remember neither do they have any discretion in this If you are asked to do overtime, then that you are not permitted to carry more regard to make a choice between payment than 5 days' worth of TOIL. If you are at and TOIL (Time Off In Lieu). you must be paid. Your manager that level then you are perfectly entitled I am sure that many of you might have should not even suggest TOIL as an to determine when that will be taken developed an impression that if “the alternative. back in agreement with your manager budget is tight this year” then TOIL is better before you do any more. In fact it is your than nothing. Well that is just not the case. obligation not to add any more, as you If you are asked to do overtime, then you Pay and /or time off- in-lieu must be given will be the one in contravention of policy must be paid. Your manager should not at the rate of time and a half for the first 3 and will subsequently fail to realise the even suggest TOIL as an alternative. You hours in any one day and the double time compensation due to you. can request TOIL if you wish, but that thereafter. No one should ever be asked to work conversation must be initiated by the Now, what of the HEW 8`s and above? more than 50 hours a week in total and employee, you. If you do not raise it, then Well this is slightly different, as a little more if you are under 18 then no more than 5 it should not be a topic for discussion, it is flexibility is expected and understood, hours overtime should be worked. your right. Any attempt to persuade you but this should not be confused with could be viewed as coercion and would some form of a quasi–slavery clause in Want to know more? be contrary to a very robust policy that is your contract. If you work above your http://www.uq.edu.au/hupp/index. in place within UQ and enshrined in your contracted hours of 72.5 hours per html?page=25243&pid=25173. Enterprise agreement. fortnight, then compensation should be The union is here to help the university forthcoming, the TOIL or payment is at Any question after that? Contact the honour its obligations which are contained single time but either payment or TOIL in NTEU UQ Branch Office. in these employment policies. The this instance, can be determined through

Member activities Transit of Venus Our UQ Branch Committee has its very own astrophysicist, Dr Marianne Doyle-Pegg who not only is an active union member, but also helped ensure that staff, students and members of the public could safely view the Transit of Venus, when the planet passed directly between the Sun and the Earth on Wednesday 6 June. Marianne assisted with arranging viewing equipment from the School of Mathematics and Physics. Perfect viewing weather and lots of publicity meant that there was strong public interest with steady crowds participating in this remarkable phenomenon which will not be seen again until 2117. NTEU UQ News and Views, July 2012 Page 7

Thoughts on Activism Gordon Lynn, UQ Branch Committee member

I am proud to say that I have been Maggie, Joh seemed more than willing to a trade union activist for almost 30 meet that with police charges and baton years, but it wasn’t until I came to confrontations with a force that was clearly Australia nearly 5 years ago, that I shown itself to be an enemy of democracy, really considered what that means. rife with corruption and rot. The concept of I began to consider it in a relative “Keeping the Bastards honest” has always sense when people started to refer to been at the core of my being and if it me as a delegate. The title activist felt ever appears to anyone that I do not trust really risqué for the first time. “How management, then let me assure you now refined,” I thought, “that sounds so it probably is because I don’t! Such is my much more respectable and much democratic right. less rebellious,” but deep down, So what am I saying? We can all be a small grain of disappointment activists, we do not have to don the started to erode the pride with which Balaclava or leap between boats, but I had worn my badge of honour we should all be prepared to stick our during the years of Thatcherism and head above the parapet at least a bit, not her imposition of, at times an almost through self-interest, but to right injustice brutal neoliberalism through what UQ Branch Committee member, and protect the weak. eventually bordered on a police state Gordon Lynn Through such solidarity and the fact that in some regards – which when I think we will be putting our heads above the I get the feeling that Australia experienced about it, really is an oxymoron. parapet simultaneously, we remove our some of the extreme McCarthy-esque individual vulnerability and make our voice During my studies at University, I am paranoia that the Americans lived through, much more noticeable and significant (and equally proud to say that I was probably and although short-lived, the defeat of much more likely to succeed). very close to arrest on many occasions, not the Dissolution bill arguably showed that Unfortunately, some see the label because I was an outlaw miscreant, but some unrest had existed and there existed activist and objectionable activity as being because I saw things that were unfair or a real fear, did this go underground? The synonymous and therefore offending their unjust, or just plain wrong and I was driven remnants of this period, coupled with what conformist sensibilities. to take a stance, even if it meant that stance could be described as fairly draconian was on the edge of the cliffs of conformity, picketing and public protest legislation I am not advocating extremes like staring into the abyss of what was the valley (Maggie Thatcher would have been proud!) anarchy, rebellion or civil disobedience, but of civil disobedience and unlawfulness. appear to have combined to dampen the at the risk of sounding like an old man, the What it did do for me, was to provide a appetite of many to protest or speak out years have taught me that there is really clear measure of the fact that I must have against that which is clearly unfair, unjust no need to be unreasonable or unlawful been pushing hard enough! I had a loud or inequitable. (unless the laws are unjust or unfair). If we join together in solidarity, a strong voice, a strong extroverted personality and Once a year or so I was a union “delegate” and significant voice should be heard, but an overpowering desire to speak for those at a national or regional conference or I was should wrong continue unheeded, then we who were unable to speak for themselves, branch “delegate” to the regional executive have the ability to take further action. This I had no fear of the intimidation of and I suppose that in my mind this gave could be a strike, but there are a myriad of the establishment, or its power, or its the title a bit of civilized legitimacy. Upon sophisticated actions at our disposal which arrogance. If it’s wrong it’s wrong and if I arrival at most of these events, I found have the desired effect without having to can do something to make it right, I will. myself surrounded by hordes of “delegates” result in any single individual having to I have never been able to handle who clearly like me were also invariably suffer to any great extent. unfairness. I seem to be programmed to “activists” with fire in their bellies and push against it. I am saddened that many strong opinions on a host of social and I believe activism is about how far above people now accept their lot and seem to political aberrations with the desire to do the parapet you are prepared to raise your believe that they cannot change things, or something about them. head, but in order to be an activist, the simple fact is, that you have to take that risk they are willing to let others stick their neck Although I wasn’t here during the Bjelke- to some extent. out on their behalf, happy to accept the Petersen years, from what I hear, UQ “spoils of victory” without the risk of “battle”. must have been a pretty exciting place As a member of the NTEU, there are They believe that activism is an extreme to be. People were willing to protest, symbolically at least, many hundreds of activity for some type of social deviant who and St Lucia was regarded as a hotbed of heads alongside me so I never feel alone. is out to; or is at least perceived, to be out activism and dissent, unfortunately, like Neither should you. to; cause trouble. cannot simply be directed to undertake the Know Your Rights duties of a finance officer, unless you agree. “Other duties as required” is sometimes Contracts of Employment raised by supervisors as a rationale for Michael McNally, NTEU Industrial Officer changing significantly the work that you do. This is an error as that term has a specific meaning. This is not a tool for The primary reference point for agreement. There are other ways that the unilateral change of roles. That would your employment relationship with the University might be able to get you render meaningless the contractual the University is your contract of to relocate, but these will usually provide reference to your PD. It means that on an employment. This is often described formal processes that have safeguards occasional or ad hoc basis you might be as “Letter of Appointment” or “Offer around what can and cannot be done. required to undertake some tasks that are of Appointment”. One of the most contentious matters not listed in your position description. It for Professional and Technical staff at The information contained in that does not give management the right to universities is the Position Description (PD). document with respect to level of alter your contract of employment which is The contract of employment often states appointment, salary, whether the based around the PD contained or attached something like: employment is continuing or fixed-term, to the contract of employment. the length of probation etc. forms the “The University requires you to work in It is possible to have a temporary or contractual terms and conditions on which accordance with the position description permanent variation to your terms and you accepted work at the University. It is or any agreed variation of it.” conditions of appointment. The temporary essentially an agreement between you and This gives you some rights with variations will often be used for changing the University and, like any agreement, respect to the work you are required to to part-time or for secondments to other cannot be unilaterally changed. perform. Again, the University requires areas. But only if you agree!! This gives you some rights. For example, your agreement to significantly vary the If your job is changing and you are if your workplace is listed as a particular work that you do. For example, if you are unsure of your rights, contact your location, the University cannot simply employed in a student support role, you union, the NTEU! relocate you. They need to get your Australian Universities: Today and Tomorrow The NTEU’s conference on the Future of Higher Education In late February 2012 a delegation of NTEU members and staff from Queensland attended “Australian Universities: Today and Tomorrow” the NTEU’s conference on the future of the higher education sector, held at the . The delegation included representatives from QUT, UQ, CQU, ACU and Griffith. The conference brought together leading thinkers and players in the Higher Education sector, to a forum of ideas which will inform policy formulation within the NTEU as well as creating a platform for debate amongst our membership around a range of contentious issues that are posing challenges for the sector. Queensland participants included: Robin May, Glenda Strahan, Dwight Zakus, Yoni Ryan, Holly Kemp, Leah Cencig, Lachlan Hurse, Margaret Lee and Andrew Bonnell. The confronting reality of racism faced Another highlight of the conference was by Indigenous staff in the sector, the role a public debate on the question “Is the of the public intellectual, the notion of idea of the University dead?” which saw a a virtual university, the role of market spirited defence of the university as a place forces in universities, casualisation, and from which the critical engagement with the growing internationalisation of the power elites cold be fostered. higher education sector were some of the A full report of the conference was Dr John O’Brien chairing the debate, “Is the idea topics covered in a packed two-day event, published in the March edition of The of the University dead?” Seated are Dr John providing much food for thought amongst Advocate, and conference presentations Buchanan, Prof George Williams, Erima Dall, Dr the participants who numbered more than are available on the NTEU website at: http:// Meredith Burgmann and Tammi Jonas. one hundred. www.nteu.org.au/todayandtomorrow.