Southeast Asian Kickboxing
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Mixed Martial Arts Authority of Maine)
99-650 COMBAT SPORTS AUTHORITY OF MAINE (formerly Mixed Martial Arts Authority of Maine) PART 1: MIXED MARTIAL ARTS Table of Contents Chapter 1: General Rules for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ................................................................. 1 Chapter 2: Technical Requirements for Mixed Martial Artist Contests ............................................... 4 Chapter 3: Judging/Refereeing Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................................................ 10 Chapter 4: Rules Governing Judges for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................................... 21 Chapter 5: Rules Governing Referees of Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................................. 23 Chapter 6: Rules Governing Promoters of Mixed Martial Arts Contests ........................................... 25 Chapter 7: Requirements for Mixed Martial Arts Competitors .......................................................... 33 Chapter 8: Rules Governing Managers, Trainers, Seconds, Cutpersons, Scorekeepers, and Cornerpersons for Mixed Martial Competitors ................................................................. 37 Chapter 9: Rules Governing Attending Physicians for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ........................ 41 Chapter 10: Requirements Governing Inspectors for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................ 44 Chapter 11: Rules Governing Timekeepers for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ..................................... 46 Chapter 12: Fees for Mixed Martial Arts Contests and Authorized -
U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce
U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE December 8, 2016 TO: Members, Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade FROM: Committee Majority Staff RE: Hearing entitled “Mixed Martial Arts: Issues and Perspectives.” I. INTRODUCTION On December 8, 2016, at 10:00 a.m. in 2322 Rayburn House Office Building, the Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade will hold a hearing entitled “Mixed Martial Arts: Issues and Perspectives.” II. WITNESSES The Subcommittee will hear from the following witnesses: Randy Couture, President, Xtreme Couture; Lydia Robertson, Treasurer, Association of Boxing Commissions and Combative Sports; Jeff Novitzky, Vice President, Athlete Health and Performance, Ultimate Fighting Championship; and Dr. Ann McKee, Professor of Neurology & Pathology, Neuropathology Core, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Boston University III. BACKGROUND A. Introduction Modern mixed martial arts (MMA) can be traced back to Greek fighting events known as pankration (meaning “all powers”), first introduced as part of the Olympic Games in the Seventh Century, B.C.1 However, pankration usually involved few rules, while modern MMA is generally governed by significant rules and regulations.2 As its name denotes, MMA owes its 1 JOSH GROSS, ALI VS.INOKI: THE FORGOTTEN FIGHT THAT INSPIRED MIXED MARTIAL ARTS AND LAUNCHED SPORTS ENTERTAINMENT 18-19 (2016). 2 Jad Semaan, Ancient Greek Pankration: The Origins of MMA, Part One, BLEACHERREPORT (Jun. 9, 2009), available at http://bleacherreport.com/articles/28473-ancient-greek-pankration-the-origins-of-mma-part-one. -
The Evolution from Martial Arts to Self Defence
The Evolution from Martial Arts to Self Defence There is no doubt that Jujitsu has changed along with human evolution. Currently, this art has shifted to more functional practices to suit present needs. With this change in Jujitsu practices, it has taken it away from being a martial art and transformed to a self-defence style, combat sport or combat art. The etymology of martial art is of importance in determining whether Jujitsu can still be classified as such. In this context, martial means ‘of war, warlike’ and art a ‘nonscientific branch of knowledge’. Taking this description into account, can it be stated still that Jujitsu is a warlike art? Jujitsu was originally a martial art from Japan created to defeat an opponent without using weapons or only a short weapon. Jujitsu was developed among the samurai of feudal Japan and also, limited to this upper class group. The Samurais knew that striking against an armored opponent was ineffective, hence they learned to neutralize the enemies by using forms of pins, joint locks, and throws. These techniques were developed based on the principle mentioned above that seeks to use the attacker's energy against them. There are many variations of the art, which leads to a diversity of approaches. Jujutsu schools (ryū) may utilize all forms of grappling techniques to some degree, for example, throwing, trapping, joint locks, holds, gouging, biting, disengagements, striking, and kicking. In addition to jujitsu, many schools teach the use of weapons. Then, to describe Jujitsu as a martial art would no longer be correct as it is no longer used to defeat opponents that wear armour or carry small weapons in battle fields. -
Health Benefits & Risks in the Young Judo Athlete
Health Benefits & Risks in the Young Judo Athlete USA Judo Sports Medicine Subcommittee Robert S. Nishime, M.D. The goal of USA Judo Sports Medicine is to promote and facilitate a healthy athletic lifestyle through safe judo participation. The health and safety of judo participants should always remain the number priority when advising or caring for our athletes. History and Philosophy Judo is one of the most participated sports worldwide, with practitioners spanning all age groups, gender lines, and ethnicities. Judo was originally derived from a truly “combat” oriented martial art known as jujitsu. Jujitsu was basically developed in medieval feudal Japan for battlefield ‘hand-to-hand/sword’ confrontations when a Samurai warrior lost his sword during combat. Therefore jujitsu became by necessity, a “dangerous” form of combat for survival and an adjunctive tool for victory during war. However, through the founder of judo, Professor Jigoro Kano, jujitsu made a profound transition from a dangerous, primarily combative art form. Professor Kano modified various styles of jujitsu into a “safe”, life enhancing martial art, which he called Judo or the “gentle way”, that is now an Olympic sport. He accomplished this in part by removing many of the striking, kicking, gouging, and joint locking techniques that were primarily intended to maim or injure an opponent. He retained and created techniques that could be practiced relatively safely and harmoniously between practitioners. He placed much emphasis on achieving “mutual benefit” when individuals train together. Professor Kano redirected the primary goals of training in his martial art from self-defense and survival to the development of mind, body, and character. -
State Athletic Commission 10/25/13 523
523 CMR: STATE ATHLETIC COMMISSION Table of Contents Page (523 CMR 1.00 THROUGH 4.00: RESERVED) 7 523 CMR 5.00: GENERAL PROVISIONS 31 Section 5.01: Definitions 31 Section 5.02: Application 32 Section 5.03: Variances 32 523 CMR 6.00: LICENSING AND REGISTRATION 33 Section 6.01: General Licensing Requirements: Application; Conditions and Agreements; False Statements; Proof of Identity; Appearance Before Commission; Fee for Issuance or Renewal; Period of Validity 33 Section 6.02: Physical and Medical Examinations and Tests 34 Section 6.03: Application and Renewal of a License as a Professional Unarmed Combatant 35 Section 6.04: Initial Application for a License as a Professional Unarmed Combatant New to Massachusetts 35 Section 6.05: Application by an Amateur for a License as a Professional Unarmed Combatant 35 Section 6.06: Application for License as a Promoter 36 Section 6.07: Application for License as a Second 36 Section 6.08: Application for License as a Manager or Trainer 36 Section 6.09: Manager or Trainer May Act as Second Without Second’s License 36 Section 6.10: Application for License as a Referee, Judge, Timekeeper, and Ringside Physician 36 Section 6.11: Application for License as a Matchmaker 36 Section 6.12: Applicants, Licensees and Officials Must Submit Material to Commission as Directed 36 Section 6.13: Grounds for Denial of Application for License 37 Section 6.14: Application for New License or Petition for Reinstatement of License after Denial, Revocation or Suspension 37 Section 6.15: Effect of Expiration of License on -
Constitutional Combat: Is Fighting a Form of Free Speech?
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Villanova University School of Law: Digital Repository Volume 20 Issue 2 Article 4 2013 Constitutional Combat: Is Fighting a Form of Free Speech? The Ultimate Fighting Championship and its Struggle Against the State of New York Over the Message of Mixed Martial Arts Daniel Berger Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/mslj Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the First Amendment Commons Recommended Citation Daniel Berger, Constitutional Combat: Is Fighting a Form of Free Speech? The Ultimate Fighting Championship and its Struggle Against the State of New York Over the Message of Mixed Martial Arts, 20 Jeffrey S. Moorad Sports L.J. 381 (2013). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/mslj/vol20/iss2/4 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Jeffrey S. Moorad Sports Law Journal by an authorized editor of Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Digital Repository. \\jciprod01\productn\V\VLS\20-2\VLS204.txt unknown Seq: 1 14-JUN-13 13:05 Berger: Constitutional Combat: Is Fighting a Form of Free Speech? The Ul Articles CONSTITUTIONAL COMBAT: IS FIGHTING A FORM OF FREE SPEECH? THE ULTIMATE FIGHTING CHAMPIONSHIP AND ITS STRUGGLE AGAINST THE STATE OF NEW YORK OVER THE MESSAGE OF MIXED MARTIAL ARTS DANIEL BERGER* I. INTRODUCTION The promotion-company -
WAKO Points Fighting Rules
WAKO Points Fighting Rules Chapter 4 - Tatami Sports Semi Contact V18 Page1 to 13 WAKO Rules of Tatami Sports / Points Fighting Table of Contents Art. 1. Definition 3 Art. 2. Fighting Rules 3 Art. 3. Competition Commands 4 Art. 4. Legal Target Areas 4 Art. 5. Illegal Target Areas (Prohibited Techniques and Behaviour) 4 Art. 6. Legal Techniques 5 Art. 7. Illegal Techniques and Actions 5 Art. 8. Scoring Criteria 6 Art. 8.1 Calls Referees and Judges may make (Points) 6 Art. 8.1.1 Score 6 Art. 8.1.2 No Score 6 Art. 8.1.3 Awarding Points 7 Art. 8.1.4 Overviews awarding points 7 Art. 9. Penalty – Exits (Warning, Disqualifications and Exits) 7 Art. 9.1 Disqualification 8 Art. 10. Hand signals 8 Art. 11. Violations of rules 8 Art. 12. Stopping the match (Time-out) 9 Art. 12.1 Reasons for Time-out 9 Art. 13. Injuries 9 Art. 14. Procedure if KO, RSC, RSC-H, Injury 10 Art. 14.1 Procedure of injuries in general 10 Art. 15. Grand Champ and Team Competition 11 Art. 15.1 Grand Champ 11 Art. 15.1.1 Original Grand Champ 11 Art. 15.2 Team Competition 11 Art. 15.2.1 World/Continental Championships 11 Art. 16. Hand Shaking / Touching of Gloves 12 Art. 17. WAKO Use of Drugs 12 Art. 18. Note! 12 Art. 19. Weigh-in 12 Chapter 4 - Tatami Points Fighting V19 Page2 to 13 WAKO Rules of Tatami Sports / Points Fighting Definition Points Fighting is a fighting discipline where two fighters fight with the primary goal of scoring Defined points/ using controlled legal Techniques with speed agility and focus. -
Hand to Hand Combat
*FM 21-150 i FM 21-150 ii FM 21-150 iii FM 21-150 Preface This field manual contains information and guidance pertaining to rifle-bayonet fighting and hand-to-hand combat. The hand-to-hand combat portion of this manual is divided into basic and advanced training. The techniques are applied as intuitive patterns of natural movement but are initially studied according to range. Therefore, the basic principles for fighting in each range are discussed. However, for ease of learning they are studied in reverse order as they would be encountered in a combat engagement. This manual serves as a guide for instructors, trainers, and soldiers in the art of instinctive rifle-bayonet fighting. The proponent for this publication is the United States Army Infantry School. Comments and recommendations must be submitted on DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) directly to Commandant, United States Army Infantry School, ATTN: ATSH-RB, Fort Benning, GA, 31905-5430. Unless this publication states otherwise, masculine nouns and pronouns do not refer exclusively to men. iv CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Hand-to-hand combat is an engagement between two or more persons in an empty-handed struggle or with handheld weapons such as knives, sticks, and rifles with bayonets. These fighting arts are essential military skills. Projectile weapons may be lost or broken, or they may fail to fire. When friendly and enemy forces become so intermingled that firearms and grenades are not practical, hand-to-hand combat skills become vital assets. 1-1. PURPOSE OF COMBATIVES TRAINING Today’s battlefield scenarios may require silent elimination of the enemy. -
IBKO Kickboxing Light Contact – Official Rules & Regulations
I.B.K.O. Low Kick Rules First edition dated 1st February 2020. IBKO Kickboxing Light Contact – Official Rules & Regulations Code of Conduct *Light Contact Rules & Regulations Reviewed 1st February 2020 Next review 31st January 2022* Amateur Rules These rules are valid from the 1st February 2020, and valid for all IBKO Gala events and Tournaments. Light Contact Kickboxing Light Contact - Low Kick Rules Tatami Point Fighting The Fighting Area - These rules apply to both Tatami and Ring-Sports Tatami: 7m x 7m. Boxing Ring: 16ft - 24ft Square The style of fighting will be LIGHT CONTACT. The power used should be approximately thirty to forty percent of full power. Ring-Sport No person, other than the Centre Referee and the two fighters may enter the Ring during a round. If a fighter voluntarily leaves or any other person enters the combat area, (including Medics), the fight is stopped by default, and cannot continue. One Coach shall be allowed in the area to instruct their fighter in between rounds, but must leave the area before the start of the next round. A Fighter may have up to two people represent him/her, but only one may enter the ring during rest periods. Tatami All Coaches must be off the mat during the fight, and the mat must be clear of any items and obstruction. Supporters must not step on the mat at any times. The Referee must stop time to clear the area of unauthorised personnel. Stepping on the mat by anyone outside the mat, and could cause a warning to be given to the fighter of the representative concerned. -
ISKA Sport Kickboxing Rules
ISKA SPORT KICKBOXING Definition Competition should be executed as its name implies, Light Contact Fighting in a Continuous Manner. Under no circumstances should light contact continuous fighting simulates full contact kickboxing. Utilizing well-controlled techniques, ring craftsmanship and combination skills, competitors should attempt to “outscore” rather than “overpower” their opponent . Competitors will fight continuously until the referee’s command to STOP. All techniques must be well controlled. Techniques should not “strike through” or “push through” the target. Striking with excessive contact, or uncontrolled striking of any kind will lead to disqualification . Emphasis must be placed on both punching and kicking techniques . Punching or “boxing” only, for an extended period of time without throwing kicks will downgrade the judge’s evaluation of your performance. Each match is carried out with running time. The referee and judges will evaluate the relative effectiveness of each fighter based on the number, quality and variety of scoring strikes, defense and conditioning. Rules violations (whether penalized by the referee or not) will downgrade the judges evaluation of the offending fighter . The three officials will determine the winner of each match by majority decision. Equipment Needed: • Adult divisions: head protection, mouth-guard, 10oz gloves or larger, groin protection, shin/instep guards. • Teen & Junior divisions: head protection, mouth-guard, 10oz gloves or larger, groin protection, shin/instep guards. • Shorts or Pants and shirt or Martial Arts Uniform must be worn. Time and Rounds • Adults: Two (2) - Two (2) minute rounds with a 30 second break. • Teen & Junior competitors (17 and below) will contest Tow (2), 90 second rounds with a 30 second break. -
Mixed Martial Arts Rules for Amateur Competition Table of Contents 1
MIXED MARTIAL ARTS RULES FOR AMATEUR COMPETITION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE Page 2 2. VISION Page 2 3. WHAT IS THE IMMAF Page 2 4. What is the UMMAF Page 3 5. AUTHORITY Page 3 6. DEFINITIONS Page 3 7. AMATEUR STATUS Page 5 8. PROMOTERS & REQUIREMENTS Page 5 9. PROMOTERS INSURANCE Page 7 10. PHYSICIANS AND EMT’S Page 7 11. WEIGN-INS & WEIGHT DIVISIONS Page 8 12. COMPETITORS APPEARANCE& REQUIREMENTS Page 9 13. COMPETITOR’s MEDICAL TESTING Page 10 14. MATCHMAKING APPROVAL Page 11 15. BOUTS, CONTESTS & ROUNDS Page 11 16. SUSPENSIONS AND REST PERIODS Page 12 17. ADMINISTRATION & USE OF DRUGS Page 13 18. JURISDICTION,ROUNDS, STOPPING THE CONTEST Page 13 19. COMPETITOR’s REGISTRATION & EQUIPMENT Page 14 20. COMPETITON AREA Page 16 21. FOULS Page 17 22. FORBIDDEN TECHNIQUES Page 18 23. OFFICIALS Page 18 24. REFEREES Page 19 25. FOUL PROCEDURES Page 21 26. WARNINGS Page 21 27. STOPPING THE CONTEST Page 22 28. JUDGING TYPES OF CONTEST RESULTS Page 22 29. SCORING TECHNIQUES Page 23 30. CHANGE OF DECISION Page 24 31. ANNOUNCING THE RESULTS Page 24 32. PROTESTS Page 25 33. ADDENDUMS Page 26 PROTOCOL FOR COMPETITOR CORNERS ROLE OF THE INSPECTORS MEDICAL HISTORY ANNUAL PHYSICAL OPTHTHALMOLOGIC EXAM PROTOCOL FOR RINGSIDE EMERGENCY PERSONNEL PRE & POST –BOUT MEDICAL EXAM 1 SCOPE: Amateur Mixed Martial Arts [MMA] competition shall provide participants new to the sport of MMA the needed experience required in order to progress through to a possible career within the sport. The sole purpose of Amateur MMA is to provide the safest possible environment for amateur competitors to train and gain the required experience and knowledge under directed pathways allowing them to compete under the confines of the rules set out within this document. -
Introduction
Introduction “...the Shorin-ryu (Shorin ‘school’) is very light and quick, with rapid motions to the front and back, which may be likened to the swift flight of the falcon.” - Karate-Do Kyohan, Gichin Funakoshi, p.8 The Pinan kata, “forms of safety”, are a series of five forms from the Shorin-ryu (Shuri-te) School of Okinawa Karate-do, which was known for its speed and agility. Created by Grandmaster Yasutsune “Anko” Itosu and later popularized by his student Gichin Funakoshi, the Pinan kata are known in the Shotokan style as Heian- no-kata. They incorporate a wide variety of stances and techniques designed to develop your mind and strengthen your body. The Pinan katas are often thought of as training methods for beginners or children and are hence undervalued by more experienced karateka. The main reason for the katas being viewed this way is the fact that they were first established at the time Itosu was introducing Karate to the Okinawan schools. Some say that the Pinans are mealy watered down versions of the advanced kata and were developed solely for children. If this were the case then why did Itosu also teach the Pinans to his adult students? It is far more likely that Itosu had developed the Pinans over a period of time and meant for them to be a synthesis of the best methods being practised in the Shuri region. When karate was introduced to the Okinawan schools the Pinans would be the natural choice because they are relatively short. This is probably the only reason they were selected and has nothing to do with the effectiveness of techniques contained within them.