DOCSLIB.ORG

Ornamental and Lawn Pest Control (For Homeowners)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ornamental and Lawn Pest Control (For Homeowners) Ornamental and Lawn Pest Control (For Homeowners) Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service • Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources F-7306 Tom A. Royer Mike Schnelle Extension Entomologist Extension Ornamentals - Floriculture Specialist his fact sheet describes some common arthropod pest origin manufactured to kill pests – insects, weeds, plant problems encountered on various ornamentals and disease organisms, and rodents. Materials poisonous to one Tturfgrasses in Oklahoma. If arthropod pest problems form of life are usually poisonous to other forms if the dosage arise that are not covered here, consult your OSU County is large enough. Extension Center for assistance. Pesticides can be applied safely when a few basic rules Many of our arthropod pest problems are solved through are followed and common sense is used. Refer to OSU natural controls such as weather, other forms of plant and Extension Facts 7450, 7453, and 7454 for more information animal life, disease, parasites, and predators. When nature on pesticide safety. For information on insect control in the either does not solve the pest problem or is slow to act, other garden, refer to OSU Extension Facts 7313. controls may be warranted. Chemical pesticides often provide Note: Whenever possible, buy and grow pest resistant the quickest and most dependable control, and in many plants (such as Oklahoma Proven selections or other recom- instances, there are no other alternatives. mended varieties). By doing so, the need for pest control Pesticides are chemicals of plant, animal, or synthetic measures can be greatly reduced. Pests of Trees, Shrubs, and Flowers Pest Description & Damage Suggested Chemical Formulation and Comments (Approximate Sizes Mixing Instructions with Water Noted, See Picture) APHIDS Small, pear-shaped, soft-bodied, Bayer Advanced Garden Tree & Aphids secrete honeydew (1/8 - 1/5 in) sucking insects that cause leaves Shrub Insect Control (sticky, sugar-like substance), to curl (pucker). They are commonly diazinon - 2 tsp of 25% EC/gal * which may attract ants, flies, found on the underside of leaves. malathion - 2 tsp of 50% EC/gal provide media for sooty mold, Orthene - 2 tbs of 9.4% EC/gal and make spots on parked cars insecticidal soap - per label under infested plants. May neem - e.g. Bioneem or Neemisis - need to repeat applications per label at 7 to 10 day intervals. For small infestations, aphids can frequently be knocked from foliage with forceful water pressure from a hose. BAGWORM Larvae hatch from eggs that Bacillus thuringiensis - B.t. “bacterial NOTE: Control with B.t. often is slower Bagworm case (1-2 in) overwinter in old bags remaining insecticide” - Various trade names, than other insecticides. Apply chemical on the foliage from the previous year. use rates/mixing instructions on early while worms are small. Hand Larvae start to feed in late spring the label picking and destroying bags during (end of May to early June). Young Bayer Advanced Garden Tree & Shrub winter will help reduce bagworm worms spin silken sacs and attach Insect Control infestations the next season. Bagworms bits of leaves as they feed. diazinon - 2 tsp of 25% EC/gal * may be more common on deciduous malathion - 2 tsp of 50% EC/gal plants when evergreens are sprayed or Orthene - 3 tbs (1oz) of 9.4% EC/gal absent from the landscape. Sevin - 2 tbs of 50% WP/gal Liquid Sevin 27% - 1 tbs/gal BORERS (1/2 - 1 3/4 in) Flat- or round-headed borers (larvae) make tunnels Also see Comments column. [Help prevent borers Spray trunk or lower branches to point (e.g. flat-headed, round-headed wood under the bark. Shot-hole borers make pin-sized with proper timing or spray scheduling by killing of runoff. Cut and burn infested twigs borers, and shot-hole borers). holes in twigs or limbs and often the emergence adults before or during egg laying period(s); when possible. Water and fertilize trees. holes of adults make the bark appear as if pierced however, check the label before treatment to insure See OSU Fact Sheet 6412, “Fertilizing by shotgun pellets. Generally, trees in a state of the product can be used on the borer infested plants Shade and Ornamental Trees”; Fact decline or unhealthy state, often due to being you intend to treat. These treatments will not control Sheet 6409, “Pruning Ornamental Trees planted in tight or heavy soils, are more susceptible borers inside the plant.] and Shrubs”; and Fact Sheet 7315, to attack. Borer activity should not be confused with “Shade Tree Borers” for details. holes made by species of woodpeckers (refer to Fact Sheet 7315 for more information on borers). 7306 / 1 Oklahoma State University Pest Description & Damage Suggested Chemical Formulation and Comments (Approximate Sizes Mixing Instructions with Water Noted, See Picture) BOXELDER BUG / REDSHOULDERED Nuisance household pest in the fall. Feed on Bayer Advanced Lawn & Garden Multi- Treat ground cover and tree trunk when BUG boxelder, golden raintree, and soapberry, but don’t Insect Killer bugs are first seen (March, April, and (1/2-1 3/4 in) injure the tree. Avoid planting host trees in close diazinon 2 tsp of 25% EC/gal * September). Repeated treatments may proximity to house. Plug openings around windows Bug-B-Gon Multi-Purpose Insect Killer be required. and doors, and caulk small openings that can serve as points of entry. CATERPILLARS Larvae that feed on foliage. Some species roll and neem - e.g. Bioneem or Neemisis - per label Adequate pressure and volume for (e.g. webworms, tent caterpillars, tie with silk and some build webs or tents around Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) (bacterial spray needs to be applied to break up cankerworms, leafrollers / tiers, and foliage or in crotches of limbs insecticide, liquid, or WP for webworms, webbing or tents. Apply spray to the leafminers) (1/2 - 1 1/2 in) tent caterpillars, and cankerworms). point of runoff. Check product label Check label for rate. before use to insure it is labeled for the diazinon - 1-2 tbs of 25% EC/gal * plant and pest. NOTE: B.t. normally malathion 50% EC - 2tsp/gal stops worms from feeding, but has a Orthene - 3 tbs (1 1/2 oz) of 9.4% EC/gal delayed killing action. NOTE: Do not use Sevin - 2 tbs of 50% WP/gal or Orthene 9.4% EC on American elm, Liquid Sevin 27% - 1 tbs/gal redbud, flowering crabapple, sugar maple, or red maple. ELM LEAF BEETLE / WILLOW LEAF BEETLE Elm leaf beetles lay orange-yellow eggs on the Bayer Advanced Garden Tree & Shrub Elm leaf beetles mainly damage Siberian Adults (1/4 in) undersides of leaves in May or early June. Eggs Insect Control elms and Japanese zelcova. For best Larvae (1/4 - 3/8 in) hatch into larvae that does most of the damage by Orthene - 3 tbs (1 1/2 oz) of 9.4% EC/gal results, apply chemicals (except skeletonizing leaves. In Oklahoma, there are three Sevin - 2 tbs of 50% WP/gal Di-Syston) when the small larvae are first or four complete generations of elm leaf beetles per Liquid Sevin 27 % - 1 tbs/gal observed on the under- sides of leaves. year. Willow leaf beetle adults and larvae inflict Di-Syston granules for elm leaf beetles - the 15% In the early fall, adults migrate to homes similar damage to willows in May or early June. granules are restricted and can only be applied or buildings and crawl under shingles and by certified applicators. Homeowners may be into cellars, attics, or similar areas to able to find 2% granules. Apply granules during overwinter. NOTE: Do not use Orthene March and water immediately after application. 9.4% EC on American elm. Bacillus A second application in May will help control thuringiensis ‘strains’ are now available later generations of beetles. for control of some beetles. HOUSE PLANT PESTS Most of these pests suck plant fluids and cause leaf ready-to-use spray or aerosols that contain: Repeat applications may be needed at 5 (e.g. spider mites, mealy bugs, discoloration and leaf cupping/malformation. Fungus pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide, tetramethrin to 7 day intervals. NOTE: Use caution fungus gnats, whiteflies, aphids, and gnat larvae attack roots. Allowing soil to dry + sumithrin, resmethrins, or rotenone or on young plants and new growth, and thrips - these pests may also be thoroughly between waterings often kills larvae. combinations of these. check label for plants that can be present on outdoor plantings.) NOTE: Alcohol soaked cotton swabs can also be treated. Sometimes light pest used to remove pests from house plants. infestations can be wiped from foliage insecticidal soap - per label directions is registered with mild detergent solutions (e.g. 2 tsp for control of many house plant pests. of detergent/gal of water). For neem products - per label nonpesticide methods of pest control on house plants refer to Fact Sheet 6411, “House Plant Care.” JAPANESE BEETLE Adult beetles have been consistently collected from Bayer Advanced Garden Rose and Flower Roses, crape-myrtle, apple, linden, and Adult (1/2 in) a few locations in the state. Adult beetles feed on - 1 tbs/gal hibiscus are most susceptible to Larvae (1/2 in) foliage and fruits of many plants and the larvae feed Sevin - 1 1/2 - 2 tbs of 50% WP/gal feeding. on turf much like other white grubs. Adults are active malathion - 2 tsp of 50% EC/gal from late June through July. MAY / JUNE BEETLES Adults of white grubs sometimes feed on leaves of Sevin - 2 tbs of 50% WP/gal Trees growing close to street or yard (1/2 - 3/4 in) American elm and a few other trees. diazinon - 2 tsp of 25% EC/gal * lights are generally most attractive to the beetles or areas where soil contains a high amount of organic matter.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Carpenter Ants and Control in Homes Page 1 of 6
    Carpenter Ants and Control in Homes Page 1 of 6 Carpenter Ants and Control in Homes Fact Sheet No. 31 Revised May 2000 Dr. Jay B Karren, Extension Entomologist Alan H. Roe, Insect Diagnostician Introduction Carpenter ants are members of the insect order Hymenoptera, which includes bees, wasps, sawflies, and other ants. Carpenter ants can be occasional pests in the home and are noted particularly for the damage they can cause when nesting in wood. In Utah they are more of a nuisance rather than a major structural pest. Carpenter ants, along with a number of other ant species, utilize cavities in wood, particularly stumps and logs in decayed condition, as nesting sites. They are most abundant in forests and can be easily found under loose bark of dead trees, stumps, or fallen logs. Homeowners may bring them into their homes when they transport infested logs from forests to use as firewood. Description Carpenter ants include species that are among the largest ants found in the United States. They are social insects with a complex and well-defined caste system. The worker ants are sterile females and may occur in different sizes (majors and minors). Members of the reproductive caste (fertile males and females) are usually winged prior to mating. All ants develop from eggs deposited by a fertilized female (queen). The eggs hatch into grub-like larvae (immatures) which are fed and cared for by the workers. When fully grown, the larvae spin a cocoon and enter the pupal stage. The pupal stage is a period of transformation from the larva to adult.
    [Show full text]
  • EUPT-CF10-Webinar
    Results of EUPT-CF10 Incurred and spiked pesticides in rye Mette Erecius Poulsen Holte, 20 September 2016 PTs on cereals/feed 2016 EUPT-CF10 Test material Rye flour Participants 178 (160) Compulsory target pesticides 134 Voluntary target pesticides 7 Incurred pesticides 10 Spiked pesticides 8 Total no. of pesticides 18 National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark Advisory Group Quality Group Amadeo R. Fernández-Alba Antonio Valverde André de Kok Stewart Reynolds Antonio Valverde Magnus Jezussek Michelangelo Anastassiades Miguel Gamón Organising team at EURL Philippe Gros Mette Erecius Poulsen Ralf Lippold Susan Strange Herrmann Sonja Masselter Parvaneh Hajeb Stewart Reynolds Merete B. Ludwigsen Tuija Pihlström Lisbet Pilhkjær Finbarr Oregan Jens-Ole Frimann National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark Activity Dates Announcement Calendar December 2015 Target Pesticide List EUPT-Registration Website 11 January 2016 Deadline for registration 1 February 2016 Release of Specific Protocol 29 February 2016 Distribution of Test items 7 March 2016 Deadline for Receipt and Acceptance of Test Materials within 24 hr on reciept 11 April 2016 Deadline for Result Submission at 13.00 CET Deadline for submission of additional method information for 15 April 2015 false negative results Preliminary Report (only compilation of results) 30 May 2015 Final Report December 2015 National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark Target list - new pesticides and voluntary compounds
    [Show full text]
  • Silverfish and Firebrats
    SilverfiSh and firebratS Integrated Pest Management In and Around the Home If items on your bookshelf have Although small nymphs (those that are chewed-on pages and bindings, sus- less than 1/8 inch long) lack scales, both pect the look-alike household pests large nymphs and adults have them. If silverfish and firebrats. Both insects you see scales around or beneath dam- have enzymes in their gut that digest aged items, it is a good indication that cellulose, and they choose book cases, these pests are the culprits. The scales closets, and places where books, cloth- are delicate, dustlike, and slightly in- ing, starch, or dry foods are available. candescent in the light, and they stick to most surfaces. Silverfish and firebrats are nocturnal and hide during the day. If the object LIFE CYCLE Figure 1. Adult firebrat (left) and silver- they are hiding beneath is moved, they fish. Eggs of both species are about 1/25 of will dart toward another secluded an inch long. The females lay the eggs place. They come out at night to seek in crevices, on cloth, or buried in food food and water. Both insects prefer or dust. The average clutch contains 50 dry food such as cereals, flour, pasta, eggs, but this can vary from 1 to 200. and pet food; paper with glue or paste; Firebrat eggs hatch in about 14 days and sizing in paper including wall paper; silverfish eggs in about 19 to 32 days. In book bindings; and starch in cloth- colder environments eggs can remain ing.
    [Show full text]
  • Pesticides Registration List 2018
    Pesticides Registration List 2018 Name of Chemicals Type Common Name Registration Types Registrant Syngenta AGROIN, 39,Broad Street, Charlestown, Georgetown, Guyana. 592 -689-4624 and 611-3890 Importer/Distributor Actara 25WG Insecticide Thiamethoxam General Use Actellic 50Ec Insecticide Pirimiphos methyl General Use Cruiser 350FS Insecticide Thiamethoxam General Use Demand 2.5CS Insecticide Thiamethoxam & Lambda Cyhalothrin General Use Demon MaX Insecticide Cypermethrin General Use Engeo Insecticide Thiamethoxam & Lambda Cyhalothrin General Use Match 50EC Insecticide Lufenuron General Use Ninja 5EC Insecticide Lambda Cyhalothrin General Use Pegasus 500Sc Insecticide Diafenthiuron General Use Trigard 75WP Insecticide Cyromazine General Use Vertimec 1.8EC Insecticide Abamectin General Use Dual Gold 960EC Herbicide S-Metolachlor General Use Fusilade Herbicide Fluazifop-p-butyl General Use Gramoxone Super Herbicide Paraquat Dichloride Restricted Use Igran 500SC Herbicide Terbutryn General Use Krismat Herbicide Ametryn General Use Reglone Herbicide Diquat Dibromide General Use Touchdown IQ Herbicide Glyphosate General Use Amistar 50WG Fungicide Azoxystrobin General Use Bankit 25 SC Fungicide Azoxystrobin General Use Daconil 720Sc Fungicide Chlorothalonil General Use Tilt 250 EC Fungicide Propiconazole General Use Klerat Wax Blocks Rodenticide Brodifacoum General Use Registrant Rotam Agrochemical Co., Ltd AGROIN, 39,Broad Street, Charlestown, Georgetown, Guyana. 592 -689-4624 and 611-3890 Importer/Distributor Saddler 35 FS Insecticide Thiodicarb
    [Show full text]
  • Signs and Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension Extension 1997 EC97-2505 Signs and Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning Larry D. Schulze University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Clyde Ogg University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Edward F. Vitzthum University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/extensionhist Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the Curriculum and Instruction Commons Schulze, Larry D.; Ogg, Clyde; and Vitzthum, Edward F., "EC97-2505 Signs and Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning" (1997). Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension. 1225. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/extensionhist/1225 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Extension at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension EC97-2505-A Signs and Symptoms of Pesticide Poisoning Larry D. Schulze, Extension Pesticide Coordinator Clyde L. Ogg, Extension Assistant, Pesticide Training Edward F. Vitzthum, Coordinator, Environmental Programs z Manage Your Risk z Signal Words z Read the pesticide Label z Routes of Exposure z Pesticide Toxicity z Recognizing Signs and Symptoms of Poisoning z Recognizing Common pesticide Poisonings { Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticides { Organochlorine Insecticides { Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticides { Plant-derived Insecticides { Inorganic Insecticides { Microbial Insecticides { DEET Repellent { Bipyridyl Herbicides { Chlorophenoxy Herbicides { Arsenical Herbicides { Wood Preservatives { Fumigants { Rodenticides { Fungicides z What To Do When Pesticide Poisoning Occurs z References z Pesticide Safety Telephone Numbers Accidental exposure or overexposure to pesticides can have serious implications.
    [Show full text]
  • Tetramethrin CAS #: 7696-12-0
    Review Date: 12/10/2010 tetramethrin CAS #: 7696-12-0 Type Contact insecticide - sythetic pyrethroid. Controls Flying and crawling insects such as wasps, hornets, cockroaches, ants, fleas, and mosquitos. Mode of Action Tetramethrin effects the central and peripheral nervous system by modulation of the sodium channel resulting in hyperactivity of the nervous system and death. Thurston County Review Summary: The insecticide active ingredient tetramethrin is rated high in hazard by Thurston County's review criteria for carcinogenicity and due to the risk of toxicity to children following specific indoor aerosol uses. Products containing tetramethrin fail the County's review. Tetramethrin is considered low in hazard for the potential to move off the site of application, persistence, and bioaccumulation potential. It is also considered low in hazard for the risk of toxicity to non-target organisms (except insects) - even though it is very highly toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms. MOBILITY Property Value Reference Rating Water Solubility (mg/L) 1.83 1 Low Soil Sorption (Kd=mL/g) Not found Organic Sorption (Koc=mL/g) 1423 1 Moderate Mobility Summary: Tetramehtrin is not very soluble in water and adheres moderately to soil containing organic material. Because tetramethrin is not likely to persist more than one day and adheres moderately to soil, the hazard of tetramethrin to move off the site of application is rated low. PERSISTENCE Property Value Reference Rating Vapor Pressure (mm Hg) 0.0000071 1 High Biotic or Aerobic Half-life (days) 3 1 Low Abiotic Half-life (days) 0.32 1 Low Terrestrial Field Test Half-life (days) <1 2 Low Hydrolysis Half-life (days) 1 (pH = 7) 2 Low Anaerobic Half-life (days) Not found Aquatic Field Test Half-life (days) 1 or less 2 Low Persistence Summary: Tetramethrin is very susceptable to degradation by sunlight and interaction with water.
    [Show full text]
  • Pests of the Flower Garden Phillip E
    Pests of the Flower Garden Phillip E. Sloderbeck Entomologist Southwest Area Office This publication is meant to help ent names. One of the more popular prey, predators and parasites. It is im- gardeners select insecticides for use groups of insecticides labeled for portant to select and use insecticides in flower gardens. It lists some of the home use are the pyrethroids, which carefully. common pests associated with flow- come in a variety of names such as When selecting insecticides, buy in ers and some of the active ingredients bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, permethrin and quantities that can be used in a reason- found in insecticides labeled for use esefenvalerate. Many of these com- able amount of time. Look for prod- on ornamental plants. The list contains pounds end in “-thrin,” but not all. ucts that can be used for more than common active ingredients for each Many have a broad spectrum, but the one pest. For example, if a gardener pest from the Kansas pesticide data- lists of pests controlled by each pyre- has problems with aphids and mealy- base. Other effective materials may throid varies. bugs, it might be best to buy a product also be available. Gardeners should Remember that to be a pest, insects that controls both rather than buying check labels carefully and visit local have to be present in substantial num- separate products for each pest. Re- retail outlets to determine which prod- bers. Spotting one or two insects in a member that if it is necessary to treat ucts are best suited for a particular garden should not trigger an insecti- pests several times during the season, pest problem.
    [Show full text]
  • Household Insects – Homeowners ` CAUTION: All Insecticides Are Toxic to Some Degree; Therefore, Care Should Be Exercised in Their Use
    Household Insects – Homeowners ` CAUTION: All insecticides are toxic to some degree; therefore, care should be exercised in their use. The manufacturer’s directions on the label in the use of the material must be followed explicitly. Insect Threats Insecticides and Treatment* Remarks Ants Feed on foods and Baits (active ingredient and Remove food and clean up the area. Place (several may damage product): bait where ants occur or congregate. May species) clothing; may also sodium tetraborate decahydrate use several different baits at the same time sting, causing severe (Amdro Kills Ants Liquid Bait, Terro to discover one that ants will consume. reaction to some Liquid Ant Baits); Care should be taken not to contaminate people. hydramethylnon (Amdro Kills Ants foodstuffs. Also treat nests in yard. Follow Bait Stations and Stakes); label. orthoboric acid (Terro Perimeter Ant Bait); fipronil (Combat Max Ant Killing Bait Stations and Gel); abamectin (Raid Max Double Control Ant Baits, Raid Ant Baits III); dinotefuran (Hot Shot Ultra Clear Roach & Ant Gel Bait, Hot Shot Ultra Liquid Ant Bait); spinosad (Ortho Home Defense Liquid Ant Bait); thiamethoxam (Raid Precision Placement Ant Bait Gel) Crack and crevices: Follow label. prallethrin, esfenvalerate, pyrethrins, pyrethrum, permethrin, tetra- methrin, phenothrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyfluthrin Indoor space: prallethrin, esfenvalerate, pyrethrins, pyrethrum, permethrin, tetramethrin, phenothrin, cyfluthrin, bifenthrin Outdoor barrier: prallethrin, esfenvalerate, permethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, malathion, carbaryl Outdoor broadcast: hydramethylnon, pyriproxyfen, beta-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate, bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, malathion, carbaryl *Labels on insecticides should state “material may be used in the household” and should be registered by the EPA for that purpose. Household Insects – Homeowners ` CAUTION: All insecticides are toxic to some degree; therefore, care should be exercised in their use.
    [Show full text]
  • Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification 2019 Theinternational Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) Was Established in 1980
    The WHO Recommended Classi cation of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classi cation 2019 cation Hazard of Pesticides by and Guidelines to Classi The WHO Recommended Classi The WHO Recommended Classi cation of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classi cation 2019 The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification 2019 TheInternational Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) was established in 1980. The overall objectives of the IPCS are to establish the scientific basis for assessment of the risk to human health and the environment from exposure to chemicals, through international peer review processes, as a prerequisite for the promotion of chemical safety, and to provide technical assistance in strengthening national capacities for the sound management of chemicals. This publication was developed in the IOMC context. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or stated policies of individual IOMC Participating Organizations. The Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) was established in 1995 following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development to strengthen cooperation and increase international coordination in the field of chemical safety. The Participating Organizations are: FAO, ILO, UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO, UNITAR, WHO, World Bank and OECD. The purpose of the IOMC is to promote coordination of the policies and activities pursued by the Participating Organizations, jointly or separately, to achieve the sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the environment. WHO recommended classification of pesticides by hazard and guidelines to classification, 2019 edition ISBN 978-92-4-000566-2 (electronic version) ISBN 978-92-4-000567-9 (print version) ISSN 1684-1042 © World Health Organization 2020 Some rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • HOUSEHOLD and STRUCTURAL PEST CONTROL – Products for Use by the General Public and Products for Professional Use Only
    HOUSEHOLD AND STRUCTURAL PEST CONTROL – Products for Use by the General Public and Products for Professional Use Only The following tables provide household and structural pest control recommendations with pesticides for use by the homeowner and with pesticides for use by licensed pest control operators only. Mention of pesticides in this section does not imply that chemicals are or should be the first or only means of control. Nonchemical control methods, including exclusion and sanitation, should always be considered when seeking to obtain a long-term solution to household pest problems. All chemical information provided below is given with the understanding that no endorsement of named products is intended nor is criticism implied of similar products that are not mentioned. Individuals who use pesticides are responsible for ensuring that the intended use complies with current regulations and conforms to the product label. Before purchasing or using any pesticide, always read and carefully follow the label directions. Insecticides listed below are identified by common chemical name. A trade name in parentheses may also be listed as a convenience for the reader. Pesticide labels for commercial and homeowner products that are currently registered for use in Arkansas may be found through the Arkansas Department of Agriculture/State Plant Board website by clicking on the following link: https://aad-web-ser.agri.arkansas.gov/. Formulation Designations: A = Aerosol (injectable or spray); B = Bait (gel or granular); CRS = Controlled Release Strip; D = Dust; F = Fogger (total release aerosol); FM = Foam; FU = Fumigant; G = Granular; P = Powder (for mixing with water); L = Liquid (for mixing with water or ready-to-use; RC (repellent coil); S = Bait (station).
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Insecticide Classes and Characteristics
    Denver, CO | February 5 - 7, 2020 A Review of Insecticide Classes and Characteristics Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University Common Types of Pesticides (Organisms Controlled) • Herbicides • Insecticides – Higher Plants – Insects • Algacides • Acaricides/ – Algae Miticides& Ticks • Fungicides • Molluscicides – Fungi – Slugs & Snails • Bactericides – Bacteria Classification of Insecticides Mode of Entry Classification of Insecticides Systemic or Not Systemic? Are they capable of moving within the plant? Distribution of C14 labeled Thiamethoxam™ 25WG after a foliar application to cucumber leaves 1 hour after application 8 hour after application 24 hour after application Slide Credit: N. Rechcigl Systemic insecticides applied to leaves Some systemic insecticide can move into plants when sprayed onto leaves. Some systemic insecticides can move into plant when applied to the roots. Most systemic insecticides will appear in highest concentration in the new growth Systemic insecticides applied to soil Systemic Insecticides • Capable of some translocation in plant • Range exists in ability to move in plant – Some limited to translaminar movement – Some broadly distribute in plant (usually to newer growth) • Systemic activity is limited to a small number of insecticides – Most neonicotinoids – Diamides (limited) – Abamectin (translaminar only) Systemic Insecticides • Capable of some translocation in plant • Range exists in ability to move in plant – Some limited to translaminar movement – Some broadly distribute in plant (usually to newer growth) • Systemic activity is limited to a small number of insecticides –Some organophophates –All neonicotinoids –Diamides (limited) –Avermectins (translaminar only) Translaminar movement – Insecticide can move through a leaf (but not necessarily to another leaf) Example: Foliar applications of abamectin (Avid) Essentially all systemic insecticide move primarily in the xylem of the plant.
    [Show full text]
  • Interaction Profile for Mixture of Insecticides: Pyrethroids
    44 5. References Abdel-Rahman A, Dechkovskaia AM, Goldstein LB, et al. 2004. Neurological deficits induced by malathion, DEET, and permethrin, alone or in combination in adult rats. J Toxicol Environ Health A 67(4):331-356. ATSDR. 1992. Public health assessment guidance manual. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. ATSDR. 2003a. Toxicological profile for pyrethrins and pyrethroids. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp155.pdf. March 29, 2013. ATSDR. 2004a. Guidance manual for the assessment of joint toxic action of chemical mixtures. Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/interactionprofiles/IP-ga/ipga.pdf. April 2, 2013. ATSDR. 2004b. Interaction profile for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/interactionprofiles/IP- btex/ip05.pdf. March 29, 2013. Belden JB, Lydy MJ. 2006. Joint toxicity of chlorpyrifos and esfenvalerate to fathead minnows and midge larvae. Environ Toxicol Chem 25(2):623-629. Bosgra S, van Eijkeren JC, van der Schans MJ, et al. 2009. Toxicodynamic analysis of the inhibition of isolated human acetylcholinesterase by combinations of methamidophos and methomyl in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 236(1):1-8. Burr SA, Ray DE. 2004. Structure-activity and interaction effects of 14 different pyrethroids on voltage- gated chloride ion channels. Toxicol Sci 77(2):341-346. Cao Z, Shafer TJ, Crofton KM, et al. 2011. Additivity of pyrethroid actions on sodium influx in cerebrocortical neurons in primary culture.
    [Show full text]