Capital Cities at War: Paris, London, Berlin 1914-1919, Volume 2 Edited by Jay Winter and Jean-Louis Robert Index More Information

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87043-6 - Capital Cities at War: Paris, London, Berlin 1914-1919, Volume 2 Edited by Jay Winter and Jean-Louis Robert Index More information

Index

Aberystwyth, 171 anti-war movements, 294, 295, 296, 415 absenteeism, from schools, 199, 200, 222 anti-war rally, 2 August 1914, 286 Acade´mie des sciences, 272 Anzac Coves, 123 Acade´mie française, 253 Apollinaire, Guillaume, 16, 335, 465, 466 Academy of Medicine, Paris, 2 Archbishop of Canterbury, 387 Action française, 287 Archbishop of Paris, death of in Paris Adrian, Edgar, 372 Commune, 387 advertising, 71 Arkwright, John S., 467 Agathon, 426 Armistice Day, 293, 302, 307, 308, 429 Aitken, Sir Max (Lord Beaverbrook), 175, Army and Religion Survey, 403 176, 294 Army Statistical Office, French, 368 Ajalbert, Jean, 432, 434, 443, 452 Asquith, H. H., 285, 286 Alacoque, Ste Margarite-Marie, 423 Association Re´publicaine des anciens Alain (Chartier, Emile Auguste), 418 combattants, 305 Albert (Somme), 373 atrocities, war, 29 Alexandra, Queen, 227 stories, 32 Alexandre, Michel, 418 aerial bombardment as, 77 Aliens Restriction Order (1914), 206 Atwell, Charles, 416 All Saints’ Day, 429, 431, 434, 446, 447, deacon of London Tabernacle 453, 457 Congregation, 416 Allgemeiner Studentenausschuss, 260 Audoin-Rouzeau, Ste´phane, 233, 443, Alsace-Lorraine, 302 473, 474 Althaus, Paul, 395 Aulard, Alphonse, 261 Althoff, Friedrich, 238 Austerity, moral, in wartime, 57, 58, 62 American Independence Day, 292 avant-garde, 15 Americans, arrival of in Paris, 93 avenue Richard Wagner, name removed, 72 shock of, at seeing interracial couples in Paris, 94 Babelsberg film studios, 478 racial prejudice among, 95 Baden, 381 Amette, Cardinal, León Adolphe, 419, Baden Wu¨rttemberg, 380 421, 424 Baeck, Rabbi Leo, 407 Andler, Charles, 276 Balfour Declaration, 411 Annamites, 95 Ball, Hugo, 17 anti-alien sentiment, in Berlin Ballet Russe, 16 classrooms, 208 banlieu rouge, 470, 479 in England, riots, 294, 297, 297, 309, 410 Banqueting House, London, 168 anti-clericalism, 389 baptized, proportion of population, in Anti-German Union, 294 London, 384, 388 anti-Semitism, 412 Barker, Ernest, 134, 140 in London, 82, 175, 254, 410 Barnes, George, 149 in Berlin, 82, 96, 126, 249, 408 Barre`s, Maurice, 275, 413 in Paris, 102, 414 Bastien-Lepage, Jules, 86

528

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87043-6 - Capital Cities at War: Paris, London, Berlin 1914-1919, Volume 2 Edited by Jay Winter and Jean-Louis Robert Index More information

Index 529

Bastille Day, 291, 292, 299, 382 Tiergarten, 3, 301, 341 Battle of the Somme, 128, 129, 136 Unter den Linden, 4, 15, 28, 59, 237, Baudelaire, Charles, 479 280, 452 Baudrillart, Alfred, 398, 420 Zoologischer Garten, 145 Bavaria, 380 Berlin, U-Bahn, 26, 27 Bazhor, Charles, 118 Berliner Lokal-Anzieger, 147 Beauchamp, Lord, 372 Berliner Morgenpost, 29 Becker, Annette, 473, 474 Berliner Zeitung, 315, 316 Becker, Jean-Jacques, 287 Bermondsey Borough Council, 197 Bedford College, London, 270 Bernhardi, Friedrich von, 202 Behne, Adolf, 179 Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von 288 Behrens, Peter, 156 Beveridge, William, 257 Bei Unseren Helden an der Somme, 128 Bibliothek fu¨r Zeitgeschichte, 163 Belfort lion, 72 Bibliothe`que de documentation internationale Belgian and Serbian Children’s Clothing contemporaine, 163, 470 Fund, 213 Bieder, Margaret, 260 Benedict XV, 391 ‘Big Bertha’, 78 Benjamin, Walter, 164, 479 Birmingham, 159 Bennett, Edith, 46, 321, 327, 329, 342, Birrell, August, 295 345, 346, 401 births, outside marriage, 322 Bergson, Henri, 269 rate, 326 Berlin, districts and suburbs of, total, 323 Blankenfelde, 221 Bismarck, Otto von, 127, 154, 281, 390, 407 Charlottenburg, 156, 190, 191 Princess Bismarck, 157 Friedrichshagen, 157 Bixschoote, 351, 352 Lichtenberg, 101, 156 black market, 100 Neuko¨lln, 157 in coal, 100 Prenzlauer Berg, 209 blackout, in Paris, 69 Scho¨neberg, 54, 156, 222 in London, lifting of, 307 Steglitz, 454 Blanche, J.-E., 432, 449 Tempelhof, 454 Blatchford, Robert, 385 Weißensee, 326, 338, 341 Bloch, Marc, 475 Wilmersdorf, 156, 190, 191 Blockade, Allied, 415 Berlin Oriental Institute, 270 Blue Cross, 32 Berlin power company, 69 Board of Education (English), 190, 197, Berlin Secession, 163, 179, 180, 181 199, 203, 221, 224 Free Secession, 179, 181, 184 Board of Trade (British), 247 Berlin, palaces, royal, 145 boat-omnibus, in Paris, 62 Kronprinzenpalais, 145 Bode, Wilhelm von, 182 Berlin, S-Bahn, 26 bodies, absence of, 428, 431 Berlin, streets, avenues, and public places, Boer war (1899–1902), 286 Alexanderplatz, 290, 389 bombardment of cities, 7, 65, 69, 70, 75, Friedrichstraße, 69, 93, 117, 123 78, 79, 101, 102, 104, 222, 224, 225, Invalidenstraße, 246 226, 290, 312, 346, 420, 473 Ko¨nigsplatz, 154, 155, 161, 166, Blitz, 223, 225 186, 390 number of victims of, 77 Kopenhagener Straße, 209 war memorials to victims of, 445 Kurfu¨rstendamm, 163, 181, 184 at Belleville, 450 Lustgarten, 301 Boulevard Ney, 453 Pariser Platz, 180, 181 church of St Gervais, 453 Parochialstraße, 165 Port-Royal maternity hospital, 453 Platz der Republik, 162 Pe`re Lachaise cemetery, 453 Potsdamer Platz, 3, 60, 69 rue des Marais, 453 Potsdamer Straße, 164, 203 rue Pelleport, 453 Siegesallee, 145, 166, 168 quai de Se`vres, 453

530 Index

Bonar Law, Andrew, 159 Castelnau, General Noe¨l de, 435, 436 Borchard Gallery, Berlin, 18 Catholic Women’s League, 33 Bordeaux, 30, 59, 349 Catulle-Mende`s, Jane, 460 Bordes, M., of hygiene council, 40 Catulle-Mende`s, Primice, 443 Bo¨rsenverein, 477 Cauer, Emil, 439 Bourdieu, Pierre, 476 Cavell, Edith, 151, 169, 473 Bourse de travail, 291, 302 Ce´line, Louis Ferdinand, 366 Boussac, Elizabeth, 80 cemeteries, 7, 9, 13 Boussac, Marie-Joseph, 41, 74, 79 adopted by civilians, 433 Bowley, Arthur, 256 funerary chapel, 434 Boy Scouts, 220 military sections, 434 Boym, Svetlana, 11, 12, 13 Mourmelon, 444 Brandenburg, 100 symbolic, 429 Brest, 302 in Berlin, Friedrichsfelde, 278, 430 Briand, Marcel, 368, 378 Garnisonsfriedhof, 430, 451 Brighton, 34 Hasenheide, 447 Briot, Maurice, 437 Invalidenfriedhof, 439 British Empire Union, 296, 297, 298 Neuer Friedhof, Wannsee, 440 British Expeditionary Force, 34, 36 Nikolassee, 441 British Legion, 227 Stahnsdorf, 438 poppy factory, 464 in London, Brompton, 440 British War Memorials Committee, 54, 176 Manor Park, 228 British Workers League (BWL), 298, 299 Richmond, 445 Brittain, Edward, 344 in Paris, Auteuil, 442 Brittain, Vera, 46, 344, 345 Bagneux, 430, 434, 446, 447 Brussels, 31 Grenelle, 440, 443 Brutalization, of civilians and soldiers in Ivry, 447 wartime, 138, 139 Montparnasse, 441, 444 Buber, Martin, 408, 414 Pantin, 430, 447 Bumm, Ernst, 260 Passy, 440, 441, 443 Burgfrieden, 284, 288, 290 Pe`re Lachaise, 441, 442, 447, 449, 450, burial, Christian, proportion of population 451, 465 given, in London, 384 Saint-Ouen, 430 Burkhardt-Oldenburg, Professor, 55 Vaugirard, 430, 438 Burlington House, 167, 175 Mont-Vale´rian, 430 Burrows, Ronald, 248, 251, 252, 254, 266, Cendrars, Blaise, 465 267, 276 Cenotaph, 169, 429, 452, 455, 460, 461, Buxton, Dorothy, 415 462, 464, 476, 477, 480 Notes from the Foreign Press, 415 censorship, 127, 328, 343 Central Institute for Education and Cabaret Voltaire, 17 Teaching (Berlin), 230 Cachin, Marcel, 89 Central School of Art, London, 53 Cafe´Barbotte, 47 Centre for Islamic Friendship, 94 cafe´-concert, 106, 113, 118, 140 Certeau, Michel de, 6, 7, 14, 58 Calvino, Italo, 480 Chamber of Deputies, French, 30 Cambrai, Battle of (1917), 419 Chamberlain, Austin, 414 camouflage, 103 Chancerel, Le´on, 119 Campbell, Col. J.V., 168 Chanson des dix jours, 119 Camus, Albert, 347 Chaplin, Charlie, 2, 119, 134, 473 Canadian War Records Office, 176 in Shoulder Arms, 473 Cantine des deux drapeaux, 40 Charenton, asylum at, where the Marquis Carion, Christian, 480 de Sade had been held, 366 Carrier-Belleuse, Pierre, 151 Charlet-Rejhal, Maurice, 442 Carroll, Lewis, 15 Charpentier, Gustave, 151 Cassirer, Paul, 181 Chaˆteau-Thierry, Battle of, 441

Index 531

children, malnutrition of in Berlin, 345 coal, shortage of, in Berlin, 69 Christadelphians, 416 in Paris, 62, 101 Christian socialism, 389, 424 in London, 64 Christie’s, 174 Cockneys, 3 Christmas, 326 Cocteau, Jean, 16 wartime celebrations of, 326, 327, 345 Colle`ge de France, 236, 272 Christophe, Victor, 37, 324 Collie, John, 377 church attendance, in Berlin, 390 Coltman (ne´e Todd), Constance Mary, 425 London, 383 Columbia Record Company, 132, 133 decoupling from middle-class Comite´du Nord, 47 respectability, 389 Communist party, German, 300, 475 church bells, 419 commuters, 24 celebrate victory at Cambray, 419 Compie`gne, Chateau de, 148 melted down in Berlin, 419, 426 Confe´de´ration du Travail (CGT), 304, 305, sound all clear in Paris, 419 306, 312 Church of England, 464 Connelly, Mark, 455 churches, 5, 7 Conrad, M. G., 138 in Berlin, Berlin Cathedral (Dom), Conscientious Objection, 416 387, 436 conscription, in Britain, 317, 319, 416 Sankt-Annen-Kirchhof, Dahlem, 440 in France, exemption from, 320 in London, Brompton Oratory, 386 Conseil municipal de Paris, 117, 212, 215 St Margaret’s, Westminster, 393 conversion, of Jews to Christianity, 407 St Martin in the Fields, 398, 399 Copeau, Jacques, 391 St Paul’s Cathedral, 386, 420, 464 Corinth, Lovis, 181 St Silas the Martyr, 403, 423 Cornwell, Jack, 227, 228 Westminster Abbey, 386, 429, 460, 464 Victoria Cross, awarded to, 227 choir of, 463 correspondence, family, 328 Westminster Cathedral, 401 Courtney, Kate, 415 in Paris, Madeleine, 92, 93, 306, 398, 419 Cousins, Harold, 45, 46 Notre Dame, 77, 386, 387, 391, 421, 476 Croce, Benedetto, 263 Notre Dame des Victoires, 400 Croft, Henry Page, 297 Sacre´-Cœur, 384, 387, 400, 423, 476 Cronier, Emmanuelle, 325 consecration of basilica, 423 crowd, passive, spectator, 309, 310 war memorial in Crypt, 423 active, 309 St Gervais, 78, 420, 476 Crystal Palace, 169, 186 St Jean Baptiste, Neuilly, 398 cult of the war dead, 422 St Thomas Aquinas, 449 culture de guerre, 102, 201, 346, 472, 474 Saint-Vincent de Paul, 48 aimed at children, 346 Churchill, Winston, 461 role of war of religion in, 391 cinema, 15, 112, 113, 118, 140 attendance at, 108, 109 Dada, 17 Cinematograph Trade Council, 114 Berlin, 18 Cite´Universitaire (Paris), 268 Fair, 1920, 18 Citroe¨n works, 92 ‘Prussian archangel’, 18 City of London, 25, 34, 189, 193, 210, 386 Daily Chronicle, 285 Civil marriage, proportion of population Daily Express, 175, 294, 298 choosing, 384, 388 Daily Mail, 316, 317 Clare Market Review, 246, 250, 261 Danzig, 55 Clark, Alfred, 107 Dardenelles, 373 classification of diseases of the mind, daylight savings time, 67 367, 372 Defence of the Realm Acts (DORA), 293, ‘hysteric’, 371, 374, 381, 382 295, 297, 308, 311 ‘neurasthenic’, 371, 372, 375, 380, 382 Degas, Edouard, 471 social taxonomies involved in, 382 degeneration, fear of, 109 Clemenceau, Georges, 392, 398, 423 and lax sexual morality, 110

532 Index

Deguise, M., 47 Echo des marmites, 86 Deismann, Adolf, 395 E´ cole de physique et chimie, 272 Delbru¨ck, Hans, 255 E´ cole des Chartes, 245 Delećraz, Antoine, 59 E´ cole des hautes e´tudes pratiques, 272 Dele´tang, Louise, 84 E´ cole libre des sciences politiques (Sciences demonstrations, 289, 297, 304 Po), 236, 241, 242 Demps, Laurenz, 439 E´ cole Normale Supe´rieure (ENS), 236, Department for Industrial and Scientific 241, 242, 245, 246, 251, 252, Research, 273 272, 277 Der Cicerone, 172 war memorial of, 277, 453 Der Hias, 123 E´ cole Polytechnique, 236, 245, 246, 257, Descaves, Lucien, 434 258, 272 Dettman, Ludwig, 182 E´ cole supe´rieure d’Aeronautique, 272 Deutsche Bu¨cherei, 477 E´ cole supe´rieure de Pharmacie, 259, 272 Deutsche Studentendienst, 249 Eddington, Arthur, 475 Deutscher akademische Frauenbund, 250 Education Act (1902), 189, 190, 385, 389 Deutscher Volksbund, 278 Education Act (1918), 203 Deutsches Theater, 478 Eight-hour day, winning of right to, in Deutschnationale Volkspartei, 162 France, 306 Diaghilev, Serge, 16 Eiko-Woche, 116, 127 Die Glocken von San Martino, 131 Ein Heldenstu¨ck unserer Blaujacken, 127 Die Hochschule, 249 Einstein, Albert, 263, 475 Dietrich, Marlene, 88 El Farook, Al Haj (Lord Headley), 414 Direction des inventions, 273 electric-shock treatment, for shell-shocked Director of Primary Education, Paris, 195 soldiers, 372, 373, 374, 379, 381 disabled soldiers, on streets of cities, 84, 103 Eliot, T. S., 44 Discharged Soldiers and Sailors Federation, Emergency Powers Act (1920), 311 299, 450 Empire War Memorial League, 268 discipline, as form of medical treatment, Epstein, Jacob, 17, 178, 179 354, 356, 359, 371, 372 Essex, 189 distinctions of social class, as between Essington-Nelson, Miss, 33 doctors and patients, 356 Euston Theatre of Varieties, 110 divorce, in wartime, 344 Evangelischer Kirchenrat, 397 Dix, Otto, 165, 382 Evangelischer Oberkirchenrat, 426 Doehring, Bruno, 390, 397 Exhibitions, British Empire Exhibition Dolchstoßlegende, 55 (1924), 186 Donnay, Maurice, 90 Canadian War Memorials Dorgele`s, Roland, 453, 456, 459, 465 Exhibition, 175 Doumer, Paul, 435 Chicago World’s Fair (1933), 151 Doumergues, Gaston, 414 Deutsche Kriegsaustellung, 145, 146, 147, Dreima¨dlerhaus, 130 148, 149, 150, 152, 162, 166, 187 Dreyfus, Alfred, 239 Musterschu¨tzengraben in, 147 affair, 389, 412, 413 Economy exhibition (Stepney), 148 Drodolet, Gustave, 443 Exposition universelle (1878) 146 Dryander, Ernst von, 390, 396 Great exhibition, London (1851), 147, 169 Duke of York, 232 halls, 5, 7 Dumas, Alexandre, 431 Pantheón de la guerre, 151 Dupont Foundation, 40 patriotic, 144 Durand, Jean-François, 41 Durkheim, Emile, 268, 335, 391 Face aux Boches, 85 Du¨sseldorf, 181 family life, recasting of rhythms of in wartime, 353 East London Federation of Favier, Paul, 438 Suffragettes, 295 Fe´de´ration ouvrie`re des mutile´s de Ebert, Friedrich, 301 guerre, 304

Index 533

feminization of schools, 197 George V, 169, 387, 462 feminization, of religious practices, 386 Ge´raldy, Paul, 85 Fernside, Elizabeth, 160, 327, 329, 401 German Constitution of 1871, 281, 282 ffoulkes, Charles, 167 German Fatherland Party, 249, 290, 397 Fight the Famines Committee, 415 German offensive (1918), 420 Finland Station (Petrograd), 52 Germanophobia, 206, 207, 210 First of August, 127 Gertler, Mark, 176 Fischer, Emile, 271 Gessler, Gerhard, 439 Fisher, H. A. L., 203 Glasgow, 159 Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 14 Globe, 285, 294 Dick Diver, comments on war as ‘love Gluck, Carol, 448 battle’, 14, 15 Goebel, Stefan, 466 Rosemary Hoyt, 14, 15 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 478 Flag Day, London, 72 Gorguet, Auguste, 151 Foch, Ferdinand, 303, 460, 462 Gotha raids, 65, 77, 78, 79 Foerster, Friedrich Wilhelm, 396 Gottberg, Otto von, 138 Folkestone, 77 Goupil Gallery, 177 Fonson, M., 134 Gourmont, Rene´de, 449 food supply, 64 Graham, Henry Stephen, 343 rationing of, 98, 101, 340 gramophones, 120 queues for, 98, 100 Grand Berlin Art Show, 180, 181 Ford, Ford Madox, 105 Grandes ećoles, 192, 236, 240 Forster, Gregory, 248, 266, 267 Grands Magasins du Louvre, 331, 336 Fort-de-Biceˆtre, 367 Greater Berlin, 191, 478 Foucault, Michel, 354 Gregori, Ferdinand, 138 Foyer des amitie´s muselmanes, 414 ‘Grey market’, distribution by personal Foyer, 5, 7, 10 favour, 100 Frampton, Sir George, 17, 169, 178, 179 role of publicans in, 100 Franchet d’Esperey, General, 349 Griffin, Sybil, 342 Franck, Richard, 164 Groener, General Alfred, 55 Franco-Prussian war, 183, 240 Grosvenor Galleries, London, 149 Freie Vereinigung studierender Frauen Grosz George, 17, 18, 382 Berlin, 249 Grousseau, M., 420 Freikorps, 104, 278 Grover, Alfred, 320 French Scientific Association, 156 Grubb, Edward, 415 Fricourt, 350 Guibert, François-Marie-Benjamin, Friedrich Wilhelms-Universita¨t, 237, 238, Archbishop of Paris, 384 239, 240, 241, 257, 259, 262, 266, Guignabaudet, Pierre, 442 271, 277 Gurlitt, Cornelius, 181 Institute of Geography 259 Guynemer, Georges, 72, 151 war memorial of, 277 Friedrich, Ernst, 165, 417 HMS Cressy, 149 Friedrichsruh, 157 HMS Excellent, 149 Fu¨rs Vaterland, 127 HMS Hogue, 149 Haber, Fritz, 253, 270, 272, 273, 279, 475 Galicia, 339 Haenisch, Conrad, 422 Gallieni, Joseph, 71, 72, 291, 325 Haffner, Sebastian, 225 Gambetta, León, 459 Hagen, 163 Gance, Abel, 466 Halbwachs, Jenne, 418 Gard, Maurice Martin du, 303 Halbwachs, Maurice, 2, 475 gardens, under cultivation in Paris, 65 Hall, George, 415 Gazette of the Third London General Hamburg, 154 Hospital, 359 Hampstead Record, 286 Geffen, John Lionel, 409 Hanover, 156, 157 Ge´libert, Georges, 348 Hanssen, Hans Peter, 28

534 Index

Harnack, Adolf von, 253, 390, 477 hospitals, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13 Harris, D.M., 149 in London, 354 Harrison, C. Rhodes, 360 First London General Hospital, Hausmann, Raoul, 17 Camberwell, 373 Hearnshaw, F. J. C., 251, 254, 258 Fourth London General, Denmark Heartfield, John, 17, 18 Hill, 369 Heilbronn, 345 Guy’s, 366 Henry, Sir Edward, 92 Military Orthopedic Hospital, Herald League, 296, 298 Shepherd’s Bush, 360, 365 Herkner, Heinrich, 255 St Bartholemew’s, 358, 366 Hermant, Abel, 61, 63, 65, 66, 77, 79 St Thomas’s, 358, 366 Herrin, Charles, 319 Third General Hospital, 176, 359 Herta, Robert, 391 in Paris, Lariboisie`re, 48 Hertfordshire, 192 St Lazare le Pileur, 48 Hertz, Rabbi Joseph, 411 Paul Brousse hospice, 366 Hesse, Hermann, 249 Port Royal Maternity Hospital, 453 Hessel, Franz, 478 Salpeˆtrie`re, 358, 366, 379 Heures de guerre, 335 Val de Graˆce, 366, 367, 368, 378 Hilfausschuss fu¨r Gefangenenseelsorge, 396 Hospitals, military, for Allied forces, Hillmann, Fritz, 127 Australian Hospital, 373 Hindenburg, Otto von, 451 No. 2 Canadian Hospital, 373 Hindenburg Gate, 157 No. 14 General Hospital, Boulogne, 373 Hitler, Adolf, 429, 456 House of Lords, 387 Hochman, Joseph, 409 Huelsenbeck, Richard, 17 Hoffmann, Adolf, 422 Hugo, Victor, 291, 457 Holderhein, Rabbi Samuel, 407 Humboldt University, 390, 395 homosexuals, 49, 111 hypnosis, 381 horse-racing, 64 Hospitals, and hospices, specializing in iconoclasm, 17 treatment of shell-shocked soldiers, iconoclasm, metropolitan, 10, 16, 18 Berlin, Dalldorf Asylum (Karl- Ideal Home Show, London, 317 Bonhoeffer-Nervenklinik), 379 Immer feste druff, 135 London, Hospital for Epilepsy and Imperial College, London, 271, 274 other diseases of the mind, Maida Imperial War Graves Commission Vale, 375 (IWGC), 436, 438 Knutsford Centres, 369, 372 In Feindesland, 127 at Campden Hill, 369 Independent Labour party, 415 at Palace Green, 369, 372, 375 Indian army, 50 Maudsley Wing of Fourth London industrial medicine, 365 General, Denmark Hill, 369, influenza pandemic, 199, 329, 402, 370, 372 428, 430 Ministry of Pensions First Home of Inge, W. R., 393 Recovery, Golders Green, 375, Inspectorate of Schools, 190 375, 378 Institut de Chimie, 272 National Hospital for the Paralysed and Institut de France, 72, 253, 269, 472 Epileptic, Queen Square, 372, 373, Institut Pasteur, 272 374, 379 Institute of Dental Surgery, Berlin, Springfield War Hospital, 246, 252 Wandsworth, 371 Internationale, 63, 305 Paris, and in other parts of France, Issy- Isaacs, Eva, 45, 46, 321, 327, 329, les-Moulineaux, 366 342, 400 Maison St Meurice, Charenton, 366, 367 Ville-Evrard (Maison Blanche), 366, J’accuse, 466 367, 368 Jacob, Max, 400 Villejuif, 366, 367 James, Henry, 320

Index 535

Jaure`s, Jean, 287, 305, 306, 307, 466 Kitchener, Lord Horatio, 464 acquittal of assassin of, 305 Klimsch, Fritz, 441 march to family home to protest acquittal, Klimsch, Reinhold, 441 305, 306 Knight, Elizabeth, 415 Jelavich, Peter, 115 Knutsford, Lord, 369 Jellicoe, Lady, 220, 228 Kollwitz, Hans, 337, 338 Jew count of 1916, 82, 408 Kollwitz, Karl, 337 Jewish Brigade (Royal Fusiliers), 412, 413 Kollwitz, Ka¨the, 165, 334, 337, 338 Jewish students, German, at the front, 249 Kollwitz, Peter, 337, 338 Jewish Veterans Society, 413 Kook, Rabbi Avram, 411 Jewish War Refugees Committee, 33 Koselleck, Reinhard, 12, 18 Jews and Judaism, in Berlin, 407 Kretzer, Max, 138 Reform, 406 Kriegerfrauen, 91 and assimilation, 409 Kriegsanleihe, 71 in Paris, Ashkenazim, 412 Kriegsbettag, 397 Sephardim, 412 Kriegslektionen, 200, 201 volunteers for military service, 413 Kriegsrechnen, 216 in Foreign Legion, 413 Kriegssammlung, Berlin, 155 wartime philo-Semitism, 413 Kriegssteilnehmer Verband, 260 Joan of Arc, Kroll Opera, Berlin, 166 canonization of, 123 Krupp shipyards, 152 commemoration of, 307 Jobotinsky, Ze’ev, 412, 413 L’Echo de Paris, 324, 349, 350 Joffre, Joseph, 303 L’Echo de ravin, 85 John, Werner, 439 L’Eclair, 151 Joll, James, 9 L’offensive franc¸aise du Somme, 128 Jones, Sheridan, 97 L’Union des Femmes de France, 40 Journal des e´tudiants, 248 La Che´chia, 113 Justi, Ludwig, 166 La Corneuve, 350 Jutland, Battle of, 227, 454 La guerre souterrain, 37 La Kommandatur, 134 Kabarett, 106, 115 La Marseillaise, 392 Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes, 237, 238, 273 La Mitraille, 99 for Physical Chemistry and La perme de poilu, 37 Electrochemistry, 253 La Vie parisienne, 324, 325 for the Science of War Technology, 273 Labour party, 479 Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universita¨t labour, female, 35, 88 (Strasbourg), 475 in gas works, 88 Keep the home fires burning, 317 in post office, 88 Keller, Abbe´, 424 in transport, 35 Kennington, Eric, 177, 178 midinettes, 89 Kensit, J. H., 405 Laignel-Lavastine, Maxime, 368, 378 Kessel, General von, 288 Lambeth Palace, 387 khaki fever, 84 landmarks, war, 144, 152 Kiel, 29, 53, 152 iron-nail war landmarks, 152, 154, 157, Kinderrettungsverein, 322 161, 186, 230 Kinematograph, 107, 108, 131, 137, 138 Iron Hindenburg, 154, 155, 156, 157, King George’s Fund for sailors, 149 161, 162, 187 King’s College for Women, 259 Roland of Neuko¨lln, 157 King’s College, London (KCL), 134, 237, Landowski, Paul, 453 240, 241, 242, 244, 246, 251, 253, Lansbury, George, 296 254, 259, 266, 270, 271, 276 Lanson, Gustave, 245, 256 memorial benefactions to, 276 Laon, 434 Kirchenaustrittsbewegeung, 385 Larkin, Philip, 14 Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig, 163 Lauder, Harry, 120, 134

536 Index

Laudet, Fernand, 80 School Medical Officer of Health, 199 Laurent, Charles, 447 Theatre and Music Halls Committee, 110 Lavisse, Ernest, 252 London Day Training College, 214 Lax, William, 394 London Gramophone Company, 107 Le Bon, Gustave, 281 London group of painters, 53 Le cafard, 43 London Labour party, 298 Le Cateau, Battle of, 34 London Pavilion, 110 Le Figaro, 150, 350 London railway closures, 36 Le flirt d’Hector, 118, 132 London School Board, 189, 194 Le Havre, 247 London School of Economics (LSE), 240, Le Matin, 74 246, 250, 251, 254, 256, 257 Le Poilu, 40 International students committee, 248 Le Queux, William, 316 student union, 250 Le salut aux morts pour la patrie, 445 London Schools War Savings Le Temps, 350 Committee, 215 leave, soldiers on, 37, 83, 83, 112, London Society, 149 113, 117 London Teachers Association, 190, 214, LeBlan, Philippe, 443 215, 222, 225, 230 Leblanc, Henri, 164, 169 London Trades Council, 298 Leblanc, Maurice, 132 London Underground, 25 Lees-Smith, Arthur, 250 London, districts, Bethnal Green, 479 Le´ger, Fernand, 465 Bloomsbury, 53, 171, 392 Lehmann-Haupt, C. F., 264 Camberwell, 445 Leicester galleries (London), 176, 177 Canning Town, 309 Leighton, Clare, 345 Chelsea, 161, 415 Leighton, Roland, 344 Earls Court, 117 Leipzig, 477 East Ham, 479 Lemire, Abbe´, 64 Fulham, 160, 161, 327, 401 Lenin, V.I., 53 Golders Green, 375 Les Myste`res de New York, 132 Hackney, 296 Leverhulme, Lord, 168 Hendon, 320 Levi, Israel, Chief Rabbi, 421 Highgate, 319, 375 Lewis, Wyndham, 177 Holborn, 161, 171 Liard, Louis, 261, 267 Islington, 296 Liberal Party (British), 425 Kensington, 161, 415 Lichey, Margarethe, 322 Kilburn, 320 Liebknecht, Karl, 204, 278, 290, 417 Lambeth, 186, 318 Ligue de l’enseignement, 302 Limehouse, 309 Ligue des droits de l’homme, 261 Marylebone, 342 Ligue du coin de terre et du foyer, 64 Maida Vale, 375 Liverpool, 53 Peckham, 296 Lloyd George, David, 159, 285, 392 Pimlico, 359 London ‘crowd’, 287 Poplar, 227, 232, 296, 309, 394, 479 London and South Western Railway, 35 Shepherd’s Bush, 360 London Cinema Commission, 114 Shoreditch, 160, 479 London Cinematographic Commission of South Kensington, 186 Inquiry, 137 Southwark, 403, 424 London Council for the Promotion of Stepney, 148, 160, 479 Public Morality, 114 Sydenham, 169, 186 London County Council, 189, 192, 197, Tottenham, 419 214, 224, 267, 479 Vauxhall, 309 Education Committee, 110, 189, 193, Walthamstow, 401 197, 202, 206, 212, 213, 216, 218, Wembley, 186 222, 223, 225, 226, 228, 370 West Ham, 386, 479 Emergency Committee, 192, 218 Westminster, 25, 168, 186

Index 537

Whitehall, 169, 285, 460 MacDonagh, Michael, 98 Woolwich, 161, 194, 286, 296, 299, 462 Machtergreifung (Nazi seizure of power), 301 London, streets, avenues, and public places, Mackay, Helen, 23 Big Ben, 307, 463 Mackesen, General von, 55 Buckingham Palace, 309 Mackenzie, R. Tait, 365 Charing Cross, 309, 461 Mackinder, Harold, 256 Downing Street, 285, 297 Mafeking night, 286 East India Dock Road, 227 Maggi (Swiss firm), 81 Finsbury Park, 294, 296, 297 Malin, G.H., 136 Fleet Street, 75 malingering, fear of patients’, among Gower Street, 240 doctors, 355, 356, 359, 367 Hyde Park, 297, 298, 299 Malta, 46 Hyde Park Corner, 452 Manchester, 159 Kensington Gardens, 369 ‘Manifesto of 93’, 263, 268 The Mall, 148 Manufacture Nationale de Se`vres, 453 Memorial Hall, 294 Marette, Franc¸oise, 346 Millbank, 168 Margate, 34 Nelson’s column, 161 Marmita, 61 New Bond Street, 149 Marne, Battle of (1914), 15, 59, 60, 465 Oxford Street, 90 (1918), 184 Parliament Hill, 294, 296 Marraines de guerre, 15, 118, 324, 325 Parliament Square, 462 Marseilles, 15 Peckham Rye, 294, 296 Marx, Karl, works read at front, 338 Piccadilly, 167, 469 masculinity, German, links to military Piccadilly Circus, 3, 4, 68, 307 service, 89 Queen Square, 372 Massine, Le´onid, 16 Regents Park, 3 Masterman, Charles, 176 Shaftesbury Avenue, 123 Mastrogiacomo, Lucie and Elsa, 208, 209 Strand, 68, 117, 240 Maugin, Maurice, 441 Tower Bridge, 68 Maurras, Jules, 287 Tower Hill, 298 May Day demonstrations, 282, 297 Trafalgar Square, 25, 68, 158, 159, 160, bloody confrontations in 1919 on, in 161, 162, 186, 280, 286, 294, 295, Paris, 306 297, 308, 461 medical assistance, at regimental aid Vauxhall Bridge Road, 168 post, 357 Victoria Street, 168 at advanced dressing stations, 357 Vincent Square, 246 at casualty clearing stations, 357 Waterloo Bridge Road, 52 at general hospitals, 357 Westminster Abbey, 280, 456, 461, medicalization, of identities in wartime, 354 462, 467 Meinecke, Friedrich, 255 Westminster Bridge, 25 Meller, Willy, 54 Westminster Bridge Street, 463 Meninsky, Bernard, 53 Whitehall, 456, 462, 463, 464, 471, 476 Mennonites, 417 Woolwich Common, 462 Merry Christmas, 480 Lord Mayor’s Show, 148 Messter-Woche, 116, 127 Lourdes, 461 Metro, Parisian, 69, 72 Louvre, 65 Couronne station, 78 Louys, Pierre, 449 places reserved for mutile´s de guerre, 55 Ludendorff, Erich, 451 Meuere, Edouard, 260 Lusitania, 149, 174, 206, 293 Michaux, Baronne Jane, 68, 73, 76, 79, 95 riots after sinking of, 293, 297, 410 Michels eisener Faust, 127 Lutyens, Sir Edwin, 14, 169, 445, 452, 455, Middlesex, 189 456, 460, 462, 464, 480 Appeals Tribunal, 319, 416 Luxemberg, Rosa, 278 County Council, 223 Lyttleton, Edward, 393 Elementary Education Sub-committee, 224

538 Index

military police, 37, 44, 46, 51 Imperial War Museum, 166, 167, 168, Military Service Acts, 1916, 35, 319, 416 171, 173, 177, 186, 470 Millerand, Alexandre, 71, 320, 349 National Gallery (London), 174 Mindel, Nathan, 411, 412 National Portrait Gallery, 174 Ministry for State Education (French), 348 Natural History Museum, London, 171 Ministry of Food (British), 220 Tate Gallery, 174 Ministry of Information (British), 53, Victoria and Albert Museum, 171, 167, 168 174, 466 Ministry of Labour, 197 Wallace collection, 174 Ministry of Munitions (British), 173, 256 in Ottowa, Canadian War Museum, 176 Ministry of National Service (British), 220 Paris, Bibliothe`que de documentation Ministry of Pensions (British), 374 internationale contemporaine Ministry of Public Instruction and Fine Arts (BDIC), 470 (French), 192, 205 Bibliothe`que et museé de la guerre, 163, director of primary education, 218 169, 470 Ministry of War, French, 75 Louvre, 65, 172, 173 Mirabeau, Viscomte de, 457 Museé de Luxembourg, 173, 176 Mission française, with American Museé d’histoire naturelle, 272 army, 94 music hall, 7, 13, 16, 106, 118, 473 Moabit Exhibition Palace, 181, 184, 186 Muslims, in London, 414 mobilization in 1914, 80, 127 in Paris, 414 Moltke, Helmuth von, the elder, 154, 390 Musset, Alfred de, 72 Monceau, Battle of, 349 Mutile´de guerre, grande, at head of victory Mond, Henry, 45 parade on 14 July 1919, 382 Mond, Sir Alfred, 167 mutiny, naval, as trigger of German Monet, Claude, 471 revolution, 300 Monopol-Vertriebsgesellschaft, 131 Mons, Battle of, 34 Napoleon, 457 Montherlant, Henri de, 452 Nash, Paul, 177 Montigny-les-Jongleurs (Somme), 336 National Council of Public Morals, Moreau, Albert, 38 112, 114 Morrison, Herbert, 479 National Economic Association of mortality, wartime, among civilians, 430 Artists, 184 due to respiratory infections, 430 National Foundation for Surviving due to tuberculosis, 430 Dependents of Fallen Soldiers, 155 Mosques, in London, 414 National Library of Wales, 171 Bedford Place, 414 National Party, 297 Camden Hill Road, 414 National Relief Fund, 218 Notting Hill Gate, 414 National Union of Ex-Servicemen, 415 Regent’s Park, 414 National Union of Teachers, 190 Mosse, George, 227, 233 National War Aims Committee, 296, 298 Mott, F.W., 370 National War Savings Committee, 157, Mumm, Reinhard, 422 158, 161, 215 Munich, 187 Naumann, Friedrich, 284 Museums Association, 174 Neuilly-sur-Marne, 366 museums, 7 Neumann, Fritz, 322 in Berlin, Air Museum, Adlershof, 162 Nevinson, C. R. W., 176, 177, 182 International anti-war museum, Berlin, Nevinson, Henry, 176 165, 417 Nicolai, G. F., 273, 274 Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum, 182 Nicolas, Andre´, 442 Ma¨rkisches Museum, 162 No-Conscription Fellowship, 415 Museum for Applied Arts, Berlin, 379 Nobel Prize, 278 Zeughaus army museum, Berlin, 145 Nonconformity, war as crisis of in in London, British Museum, 171, 173, Britain, 424 174, 186 Nordau, Max, 380

Index 539

nostalgia, 6, 10, 12, 15, 132, 133, 135, Paris, streets, avenues, and public places, 137, 138, 139, 144, 175, 179, 471, Arc de Triomphe, 429, 452, 459, 472, 479 465, 471, 477 metropolitan, 10, 13, 18, 47, 97, 103, avenue de l’Ope´ra, 320 107, 140, 476 avenue du pre´sident Wilson, 292 reflective, 12, 13 avenue Malakoff, 164 restorative, 12 boulevard de Strasbourg, 49 boulevard Magenta, 306 Officer Training Corps, 242, 248 Champ-de-Mars, 70 Ohe´! Ohe´!, 132 Champs- Elyseés, 4, 302, 303, 382, 465 Olympia, Kensington, 317 Denfert-Rochereau, 292 Oppenheim, Hermann, 379 Ecole Militaire, 83 Orchard, Edwin, 425 Eiffel Tower, 65, 68, 77, 151 Organization for Jewish Women, 408 Les Invalides, 75, 83, 150, 291, 457, 470 orphans, war, 347 Madeleine, 93, 306 Orry La Ville, 38 Notre Dame, 77 Osthaus, Karl Ernst, 163 Pantheón, 151, 173, 186, 280, 291, 387, Ostjuden, 408, 409 392, 453, 457, 459 Ottawa, 176 Place de la Concorde, 2, 3, 15, 65, 73, Owen, Wilfred, 9 150, 152, 280, 291, 292, 302, 306 statue of Lille at, 73, 291 pacifism, 396, 400, 405, 406, 414, 416, statue of Strasbourg at, 152, 291, 302 417, 419 Place de l’Etoile, 459, 465 Pals’ battalions, 2 Place d’Ieńa, 292 Pankhurst, family, 293, 296 Place de la Re´publique, 74, 292, 305, 306 Sylvia, 295 Place Denfert Rochereau, 72, 459 Parade, 16, 17 Place de l’Ope´ra, 111 parcels, family, for soldiers, 331, 332, rue de Chabrol, 49 333, 334 rue de la Fidelite´, 49 Paris Commune, 281, 387, 423 rue de Lagny, 324 commemoration of martyrs of, 307 rue de l’Universite´, 151 Paris Municipal Council, 325, 480 rue de Rivoli, 292, 469 Paris, districts and suburbs, Auteuil, 64 rue d’Ulm, 246 Bagatelle, 64 rue La Boe¨tie, 184 Belleville, 3, 450 rue Lacordaire, 195 Bois de Boulogne, 64, 292, 336 rue Rouelle, 195 Clichy, 447 rue Royale, 71 Les Halles, 92, 101 rue St Antoine, 225, 226 Longchamp, 64, 292 rue St Charles, 195 Meńilmontant, 77 rue St Yves, 426 Montmartre, 76, 92, 423, 476 Sainte-Chapelle, 65 Montparnasse, 447 Parliament, 5 Neuilly, 81, 336, 398 Parrains de Reuilly, 43, 118, 135, 325 Ope´ra, 74, 92, 93 Parsons, Cecil, 320 Palais Royal, 93 Parthenon friezes, 171 Passy, 72 Pathe´, 132 Porte Maillot, 65, 69, 76 Pawley, Charles, 168 Porte Saint Denis, 50 Peace Pledge Union, 400, 419 St Germain des Pre`s, 92 Peake-White, Arthur, 319 St Vincent de Paul, 40, 49 Pease, Joseph, 415 Villejuif, 366 Pember Reeves, William, 251, 252, 254, Vincennes, 292 256, 276 Paris, Expo (1900), 70 Pemberton Billing, Noel, 115, 297 Palace of Electricity at, 70 ‘Pension neurosis’, as form of malingering Paris, fortifications of, 103 according to German doctors, 356

540 Index

‘People’s cities’, mood of Paris and London prostitutes, 48, 49, 50, 52, 91, 92, 93, after Armistice, 300 111, 416 People’s Palace, Stepney, 148 amateur, 91, 111 permissionaires, French soldiers on leave, Protestant Truth Society, 405 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 47, 48, 50, 83, Proust, Marcel, 70 84, 85, 86, 87, 99, 113, 117, 118, Provinzial-Schulkollegium, 191 132, 200 Prussian Ministry of Education and Perreux, Gabriel, 85 Religious Affairs, 191, 201, 218, 422 Pershing, John J., 462 Prussian Ministry of the Interior, 323, 448 Peters, Emil, 284 social assistance for infants provided petrol, rationing of in Paris, 62 by, 323 photographs, family, 330, 331 Prussian Royal Academy, 179, 180, of dead father, 347 181, 182 photographs, of front-line cemeteries, 431 Prussian Royal Library, 164, 253, 478 Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt, 237 Prussian War Ministry, 146, 352 Picasso, Pablo, 16 Psichari, Ernest, 418 picture palaces, 16, 115, 127 public displays of maps of the front, 74 pilgrimage, to war sites and cemeteries, Public Order Act (1936), 296 432, 433 public space, official control asserted over, pilgrimages, to Cenotaph, 461, 462, in Paris, in 1919, 311 463, 464 pubs, 7 to Tomb of Unknown Soldier, 480 closing hours in, 52 Pinard, Rene´, 441 Pinel, Philippe, 369 ‘Queen Square regime’, 374 Pinson, Mimi, 151 queues, for rationed food, in the form of a Pius X, 391 ‘Polonaise’, 340 Planck, Max, 263, 278 Pleasant Sunday Afternoons, 402 Rachilde (Marguerite Vallette-Eymery), 449 Plowman, Max, 419 Rade, Martin, 417 Plymouth Brethren, 419 Railway Executive Committee, British, pogroms, 410 26, 34 Poilu, 84, 85, 86, 87, 94 railway police, 51 Poincare´, Raymond, 151, 173, 391, 392 railway stations, 4, 14 Police, Berlin, 98, 199 Berlin Railway stations Police, Metropolitan, 51, 462, 470 Anhalter Bahnhof, 25 strike (1919), 299, 479 Go¨rlitzer Bahnhof, 25 Police, Parisian, 47, 49, 62, 134 Ostbahnhof, 25 Prefect of, 117 Potsdamer Bahnhof, 25, 55 Poor Law Boards of Guardians, 371 Stettiner Bahnhof, 25 Pope, William, 271 London railway stations Poperinghe, 373 Battersea, 36 ports, 24 Camberwell, 36 postcards, 71 Cannon Street, 25 posting of lists of dead in Berlin, 73 Charing Cross, 25, 31, 33, 34, 51 Potsdam, 350, 351, 478 Clapham, 36 Pozie`res, Battle of, 168 Euston, 25 Prefect of the Department of the Seine, 195 Holborn Viaduct, 25 President of the French Republic, official King’s Cross, 25 residence of, 5 Liverpool Street, 25, 31, 34 Press, special editions in wartime, 126 London Bridge, 25, 35, 44 prisoners of war, 28, 96 Paddington, 25 Information Bureau, 351 St Pancras, 25 relief fund, 247 Victoria, 25, 31, 33, 34, 36, 44, 45, 46, Proctor, William, 329, 402 50, 51, 53, 55, 358 profiteering, 90, 97 Walworth Road, 36

Index 541

Wandsworth, 36 Rostand, Edmond, 452 Waterloo, 25, 45, 52, 358 Rostock, 238 Paris railway stations Rouget de Lisle, Claude Joseph, 392, 457 Gare d’Austerlitz, 26 Royal Academy of Art, 155, 177 Gare de l’Est, 26, 31, 32, 36, 37, 38, Royal Air Force, 248 39, 40, 41, 42, 47, 48, 49, 55, 77, Royal Army Clothing Factory, 359 306, 358 Royal Army Medical Corps, 176 Name of Verdun added to, 55 Royal Commission on Paper, 218 Gare de Lyon, 26, 38, 39 Royal Field Artillery, 248 Gare du Nord, 24, 26, 32, 36, 37, 38, 39, Royal Fusiliers, 53 40, 41, 47, 48, 49, 77, 94, 306 Royal Institute of British Architects, 173 railwaymen, 37 Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, 462 enlistment of in Britain, 34 Royal Society (London), 272 Rapilly, Albert, 441 Royan, 350 Red Cross, 29, 36, 40, 44, 62, 146, 147, Ruhleben internment camp, 396 152, 154, 156, 167, 174, 176, 246, Rumania, 334 247, 253, 349, 350, 351 Rumours, 75, 79 refugees, 28, 30, 31, 32, 47, 94, 95, 199, Russell, Bertrand, 285, 415 212, 253 Russian Orthodoxy, in Berlin, 414 Armenians, 33 Belgian, 31, 32, 33, 34, 95, 212, 213, Saar, 55 214, 254, 403 Sacred Heart, cult of, 423 Eastern European Jews, 82, 96, 414 Saint Gobain forest, 78 Russian, 212, 254 Salomon, Abbe´Maurice, 398 Serbian, 213 Salonica, 374, 404, 412 Reich War Museum, 186 Samuel, Herbert, 295, 409 Reichsdeutsche Waffenbru¨derliche San Francisco Exhibition of 1915, 268 Vereinigung, 264 Sangnier, Marc, 425 Reichstag, 5, 280, 390 Sarrasani circus, 136 peace resolution, 397 Sarrault, Albert, 255, 267 Reigl, Alois, 14 Sassoon, Siegfried, 122 Reims Cathedral, 173 Satie, Erik, 16 Reinhardt, Max, 478 Saunders, Robert, 44, 59 Remon, M., 330, 349 Schiemann, Theodor, 265 Renan, Ernest, 240, 392 Schiller, Friedrich, 478 repatriation, of war dead, 435, 436 Schinkel, Karl Friedrich, 452 Restaurant du Soldat, 40 Schleswig-Holstein, 55 Reutter, Otto, 124, 135 schools, 5, 7 Revolution, German of 1918–19, 19, 104, in Berlin 300, 311, 478 Brauenersche ho¨here Knabenschule, role of crowds in, 300, 312, 380, 422 Stadt Berlin, 230 Revolution, Russian, 19, 414, 475 Fichte Gymnasium, 230 Revolutionsdenkmal (1926), in Gunkelsches Lyceum, Neuko¨lln, 230 Friedrichsfelde, 278 Ko¨rner Realschule III, Scho¨neberg, 217 Rhodes Trust, 267 Oberrealschule Am Seepark, Richthofen, Manfred von, 439 Wilmersdorf, 231 rituals, of remembrance, 312 Pflichtfortbiondujngsschule fu¨r Rivoire, Andre´, 431 Ju¨nglinge, Dorotheenstadt IV, 217 Rolland, Romain, 287 Treptow Primary School, 338 Romains, Jules, 86 Wilmersdorf 2nd Municipal School, 230 Roman Catholics, in Britain, 385 in London Roon, Albrecht Graf von, 154, 390 Albert Road School, Romford, Rosenzweig, Franz, 408 Essex, 232 Roses of Picardy, 133 City of London school, 203, 210, 220 Rosetta Stone, 171 Drayton Park School, Islington, 220

542 Index

schools (cont.) Siepenkothen, Otto, 54 Ethelburga Street School, Battersea, Simmel, Georg, 380 Hanover Street School, Islington, 196 Sissonne, 433, 434 Hay Currie School, Poplar, 232 Slade School of Art, London, 53, 176 Hitherfield Road School, Social Democratic party (SPD), 282, 283, Wandsworth, 215 300, 311, 417, 478 King’s College School, Wimbledon, 221 Socialist party (French), 304, 305 Merchant Taylors’ School, 231 Socie´te´ libre pour l’e´tude psychologique de Munster Road School, Fulham, 202, l’enfant, 193, 200 213, 224 Society of Friends, 415, 416 St Boniface’s School, Stepney, 210 Somme, battle of the, 14, 44, 133, 168, 339, Sir John Cass School, 193 341, 342, 350, 424, 454 Strand School, Brixton, 229 Sparticist revolution of 1919, 104, 301, 307 Upper North Street School, Poplar, 226 Spencer, Stanley, 176, 177 Walton Road School, East Ham, spirit of ’14, 283 Westminster School, 224 Springfield War Hospital Gazette, 371 in Paris spy fever, 30 Ecole Turgot, 228 stab in the back legend, 356 Lyceé Buffon, 195 Sta¨dtische Schuldeputation, 191 Lyceé Carnot, 330, 349 Star and Garter Fund for Severely Disabled Lyceé Charlemagne, 225, 226 Soldiers, 177 Lyceé Louis le Grand, 214 Sterling, Lewis, 132 Lyceé Victor Duruy, 210 Stockholm, 278 Lyceé Voltaire, 210 Stone, Christopher, 120 Miollis girls’ school, 195 Strasbourg, 475 Schulte, Thomas, 181 Strassemann, Paul 440 Schwartzwaldma¨del, 130 street life, metropolitan, 14 science, contribution to Allied war street lighting, 69, 103 effort, 274 street markets, 97 education, 203 as foci for social conflict, 99, 100, 101 Sedan, 240 street shrines, London, 13, 404, 454 day, 145, 157, 477 in Bethnal Green, 455 Seeberg, Reinhold, 277, 436 in Bow and Bromley, 455 Sen, Amartya, 1, 206 in Hackney, 454 Senegalese, 95 visit of Queen Mary to, 454 separation allowances, 91, 326, 341, 344 in Hyde Park, 455 separation of Church and State, in Street, G. S., 108 France, 384 strikes, 95, 290, 305 Sering, Max, 440 of London cabbies, 479 Sertillanges, Monseigneur Antonin Gilbert, of women clothing workers, 89, 291 398, 419 for women’s right to vote, 89 Seton-Watson, R.W., 256 in Berlin, 289 Seventh-Day Adventists, 417 in Leipzig, 289 Shaw, George Bernard, 385 Stuttgart, 164 shell-shock, 9, 356, 365, 369, 372, 374, 379 submarines, 152, 163 shelters, from aerial bombardment, 78 suburbs, 24 Sheppard, Dick, 398, 399, 419 suffragettes, 409 Sheridan-Jones, Charles, 44, 50, 51, 52 Sunday school attendance, in London, 388 shirkers, denunciation of, 82, 86, 87, 132 surrealism, 16 Shop Tenants League, 102 Synagogues, in Berlin, Lutzowstraße Sickert, Walter, 53 Synagogue, 408 Siegessaüle, 161, 166, 186 New Synagogue, 407 Siegfried myth, 55 in London, New West End Siegmund-Schulze, Friedrich, 395, Synagogue, 409 396, 417 United Synagogues, 410

Index 543

in Paris, Montmartre Synagogue, 412 uniform, blue, for disabled men Temple Victoire Synagogue, 412 recuperating in London, 355, 358, syndicalism, 287, 291 359, 360, 367 Union des femmes de France, 246 Ta¨gliche Rundschau, 28 Union sacreé, 288, 391, 392, 413 Take me back to dear old Blighty, 121 universities, 7, 15 Talking Machine News, 133 University College London (UCL), 237, Tank bank, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 216 239, 240, 242, 244, 246, 259, 261, Tank week, 159 266, 267, 270, 271, 274 tanks, 73, 186 Department of Applied Statistics and Tannenberg, Battle of, 30, 154, 451 Eugenics, 246 Tate, Harry, 119 hospital, 246 Taube, 76, 77, 79 Student Union, 248 Tawney, R. H., 418 Union College Magazine, 247, 250 taxis, Parisian, 60 University College Magazine, 261 teachers, mobilization of in London, 196 Women’s Union Society, 247 in Paris, 195 University Grants Committee, 273 Technical College, Charlottenberg, 274 University of Berlin, 239, 244, 436, 472 Tender is the Night, 14 Hungarian Institute, 270 Tennyson, Alfred, 466 war memorial, 454 Thamin, Raymond, 244 University of Budapest, 264 The advance of the Tanks, 135, 136 University of Cambridge, 241, 272, 475 theatre, 9, 13, 15 University of Dorpat, 265 districts, 4, 123 University of Ghent, 265 theatres, the Ambassador, 123 University of Liverpool, 264 Palastheater, 124, 135 University of London, 237, 240, 241, 259, Theátre du Champs Elyseés, 16 261, 268, 271, 275 Theátre Francais, 72 School of Oriental Studies, 267, 270 There’s a long long trail a-winding, School of Slavonic Studies, 254, 267 132, 133 University of Munich, 238 The´re`se of Lisieux, Saint, 423 University of Oxford, 240, 245 Thiepval, war memorial, 14 University of Paris (Sorbonne), 65, 236, Thomas, Ludwig, 127 237, 239, 240, 241, 242, 244, 259, Tiplady, Thomas, 424 261, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 276 Tirol, 55 Institute of Slavic Studies, 270 Tisserand, Pe`re, 400 University of Warsaw, 265 tolerance, tradition of towards mild Universum Film AG (Ufa), 108 disorder, in London, 310 Unknown Soldier, 424, 429, 436, 450, 455, Torpedo los!, 136, 137, 139 459, 461, 462, 480 Totensonntag, 422, 429 Touring club de France, 151 Vaillant-Couturier, Paul, 42 Trades Union Congress (TUC), 304 Valence, 15 Treaty of Frankfurt (1871), 438 Vandervelde, Madame Emile, 33 Treloar, Sir William, 227 Vatican, 419 trench press, 85, 86, 113 peace initiative (1917), 419 Treuwerth, Karl, 439 Vendeé revolt (1792), 387 triage, medical, 366 Verdun, Battle of, 119, 130, 459, 465 trivialization, of war, 139 Verey Lights, 121, 122 trophies, war, 145, 303 Verne, Jules, 15 Trott zu Solz, August von, 262 Versailles, 118, 301, 453 Troyes, 350 Treaty of, 80, 103, 293, 301, 303, 433, two-minute silence, in Britain, 465 438, 474 veterans, 312, 448, 451 Un poilu pour deux marraines, 135 marginalized, 312 Undine, 15 Vico, Cardinal, 423

544 Index

Virot, Paul, 447 wards of the nation, 347 visibility of disabled men, in cities, 357 Ware, Fabian, 436 Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgra¨berfu¨rsorge Warneford, Rex, 440 (VDK), 429, 433, 434, 436 Warsaw Polytechnic, 265 Volksschulen, 190 Wartime Refugee Committee, British, 33 Volkstrauertag, 429, 434 Weatherly, Herbert, 17 Voltaire, 387 Webb, Sidney, 256 Voluntary Aid Detachment, 247, 250 Weber, Max, 390 Vorwa¨rts, 155 Weimar Republic, 301, 427, 439, 478 Vovelle, Michel, 434 opposition of some Protestant churchmen to, 427 Wandervogel, 350 Wellington House, 176 war ‘enthusiasm’, 286 Wells, H.G., 392 war charities, 214 Weltkriegsbu¨cherei, 163, 164, 165, 169 war memorials, British, 9, 423 Westminster City Council, 462 Camberwell, 445 London Traffic Advisory Committee, Greenwich, 445 of, 462 King’s School, Chester, 466 Westphalia, 15 Machine-Gun Regiment Memorial, 452 wet-nursing, 323 Royal Artillery Memorial, 452 Weygand, General Maxime, 456, schools, 229, 232 458, 460 Southwark, 445 white feathers, given to British men not in Victoria, 53 uniform, 81, 293 Waterloo, 53 Whittingham, G. Napier, 403 to Belgian soldiers who died in widows, war, 347 England, 445 Wilhelm II, 67, 92, 387, 390, 421, 471 French, 347 Wilhelm, Crown Prince, 136 city of remembrance, 425 Willamowitz-Moellendorf, Ulrich von, 260 medieval images in, 466 Willesdon, Bishop of, 405 plaques to victims of bombardment, 445 Williams, Sara, 402 at Belleville, 450 Wilson, Woodrow, 72, 269, 302, 304, 309 Boulevard Ney, 453 avenue named after in Paris, 72 church of St Gervais, 453 Wimbledon Golf Club, 221 Port-Royal maternity hospital, 453 Wimpfen, 345 Pe`re Lachaise cemetery, 453 Winnington-Ingram, Arthur, Bishop of rue des Marais, 453 London, 112, 113, 114, 393, 394 rue Pelleport, 453 Women, presence in cities, 87, 88 quai de Se`vres, 453 seduced by soldiers, 91 German, army railway workers’ Women’s Cooperative Guild, 318 memorial, 54 Women’s International League for Peace Neue Wache, 452 and Freedom, 299 new commemorative rites at, 429 Women’s Patriotic Congress, 408 regimental, 448 Women’s Police Service, 51 to Queen Augusta Regiment, 449 Wood, Haydn, 133 Reichsehrenmal, 451 Workers’ Suffrage Federation, 296 at Bad Berka, 451 workmen’s compensation, 365 Steglitz, 454 workshops, curative, 361, 364, 375 Stralau, 454 World Trade Center, Manhattan, 6 Tempelhof, 454 Wormser, Georges, 413 at University of Berlin, 454 Wu¨rttemberg, 15 War Office, British, 173, 192, 246, 252 films sponsored by, 128, 129, 136 xenophobia, 206, 209, 210 War Savings Certificates, 216 war work, children’s, 220 Yealland, Lewis, 372, 373, 374 in agriculture, 220, 221, 222 YMCA, 52

Index 545

Young Men’s Christian Association, 399 Zentrallstelle Evangelischen Ypres, 351, 373, 433 Friedensfreunde, 417 Third battle of, 339 Zentralstelle fu¨r Deutsche in Ausland und Auslaender in Deutschland, 396 Zangwill, Israel, 406 Zeppelins, 70, 73, 76, 77, 223, 224, Zapp, Arthur, 138 346, 440 Zeebrugge, 187 Zig-Zag, 120 Zentralinstitut fu¨r Erziehung und Zille, Heinrich, 165 Unterricht, 203 Zionism, 406, 408, 411, 412, 424 exhibition on ‘Schools and War’, 203 Zurich, 17