Brown Root Rot Caused by Phellinus Noxius in Subtropical Areas of Japan
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See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228325996 Evaluation of an antagonistic Trichoderma strain for reducing the rate of wood decomposition by the white rot fungus Phellinus noxius ARTICLE in BIOLOGICAL CONTROL · MAY 2012 Impact Factor: 1.64 · DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.01.016 CITATIONS READS 5 425 5 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Francis Willis Matthew Robert Schwarze Craig Hallam Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Mate… Independent Researcher 89 PUBLICATIONS 1,290 CITATIONS 3 PUBLICATIONS 9 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Mark Schubert Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Mate… 26 PUBLICATIONS 159 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Mark Schubert Retrieved on: 30 March 2016 Biological Control 61 (2012) 160–168 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Biological Control journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ybcon Evaluation of an antagonistic Trichoderma strain for reducing the rate of wood decomposition by the white rot fungus Phellinus noxius ⇑ Francis W.M.R. Schwarze a, , Frederick Jauss a, Chris Spencer b, Craig Hallam b, Mark Schubert a a EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Wood Laboratory, Section Wood Protection and Biotechnology, Lerchenfeldstrasse. 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland b ENSPEC, Unit 2/13 Viewtech Place, Rowville, Victoria 3178, Australia highlights graphical abstract " Antagonism of Trichoderma species against Phellinus noxius varied in the in vitro studies. " Weight losses by P. noxius were higher in angiospermous than gymnospermous wood. " Biocontrol of P. noxius depends on the specific Trichoderma strain and its host. article info abstract Article history: The objective of these in vitro studies was to identify a Trichoderma strain that reduces the rate of wood Received 31 October 2011 decomposition by the white rot fungus Phellinus noxius and Ganoderma australe. -
Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Wood-Decay Fungi in Major Parks of Hong Kong
Article Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Wood-Decay Fungi in Major Parks of Hong Kong Shunping Ding 1,2,* , Hongli Hu 2,3 and Ji-Dong Gu 2,4,* 1 Wine and Viticulture, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave., San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA 2 Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China; [email protected] 3 Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-Biological Disaster and Management, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China 4 Environmental Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou 515041, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.D.); [email protected] (J.-D.G.) Received: 15 August 2020; Accepted: 21 September 2020; Published: 24 September 2020 Abstract: Wood-decay fungi are one of the major threats to the old and valuable trees in Hong Kong and constitute a main conservation and management challenge because they inhabit dead wood as well as living trees. The diversity, abundance, and distribution of wood-decay fungi associated with standing trees and stumps in four different parks of Hong Kong, including Hong Kong Park, Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Garden, Kowloon Park, and Hong Kong Observatory Grounds, were investigated. Around 4430 trees were examined, and 52 fungal samples were obtained from 44 trees. Twenty-eight species were identified from the samples and grouped into twelve families and eight orders. Phellinus noxius, Ganoderma gibbosum, and Auricularia polytricha were the most abundant species and occurred in three of the four parks. -
Ecuador Laurel (Cordia) (496)
Pacific Pests, Pathogens and Weeds - Online edition Ecuador laurel (Cordia) (496) Common Name Ecuador laurel. It is also known as Spanish elm, salmwood, cypre. Scientific Name Cordia alliodora; previously, it was known as Cerdana alliiodora. It is a member of the Boraginaceae. Distribution Africa (Tanzania), North (Hawaii, Mexico), South and Central America, the Caribbean, Oceania. It is recorded from Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, and Vanuatu. A native of tropical America. Invasiveness & Habitat Photo 1. Thicket of young trees, Ecuador laurel, A fast-growing pioneer tree invasive in agricultural land, e.g., coffee and cocoa plantations, Cordia alliodora. pastures, roadsides, and in land used for shifting cultivation. Adapted to disturbed land, and poor soils, in both dry and wet forests, but growing vigorously in full sunlight, in fertile, freely- drained soils, and rainfall between 2000 to 5000 cm annually (Photo 1). Large seed production. From sea level to 1000 masl. Description Up to 35 m, but generally 25 m, about 50 cm diameter at chest height, with branches at the same level around the trunk (Photos 2&3). Leaves lance-shaped to oval, mostly 7-15 cm long by 3-8 cm wide, slightly rough or sandpaper feel, on leaf stalks 1-3 cm, covered in soft hairs, or hairless (Photo 4). Groups of flowers born in axil of leaves or at ends of branches, up to 30 cm across; individually, flowers white, with five lobes, 5-7 mm long, surrounded by 10-ribbed, leaf-like structures (calyx), 4-6 mm long (Photos 5-7). -
Cordia Alliodora Boraginaceae (Ruiz Et Pavón) Cham
Cordia alliodora (Ruiz et Pavón) Cham. Boraginaceae salmwood, onion cordia, laurel blanco, cordia LOCAL NAMES Creole (bwa soumi); Creole Patois (chene caparo); English (laurel,Spanish elm,spruce,salmwood,smoke wood,brown silver balli,corallilo,cordia,cyp,cypress,Ecuador laurel); French (bois de roge,chêne noir,bojon,chêne caparo,bois de rose,bois de Rhodes,bois cypre,bois soumis); German (Rosenholz); Spanish (cinchado,capá o laurel,capa prieto,caparó,chaquine,d’ou lemon,clariaba parda,capá de sabana,chullachaqui blanco,cheven,cypre,bohun,ajahatsa,amapa,amapa asta,amapa blanca,amapa bola,anallo caspi,arbol del ajo,canalete,auxemma,capa de sabana,bolaina,botoncillo,guacimo C. alliodora, self pruning of naturally nogal,caly,canalete de humo,capa,capa de olor,capá de regenerated trees over cacao, San olor,asca,tacurai,freijo,pardillo,partago,picana,picana Francisco, Honduras. (David Boshier) negra,salaam,solera,soleria,solerito,nogal cafetero,suchil sabanero,nogal,tama palo santo,tambor hormiguero,uruazeiro,utaatigo,uurushi numi,vara de humo,varia,varia amarilla,varia colorada,suchil,laurel de puna,aguardientillo,guacimilla,varia prieta,hochi,hormiguero,lanza blanca,lapochillo,laurel,laurel blanco,laurel de monte,dze-ui,laurel macho,laurel negro,laurel prieto,louro,louro amarello,mataatiyo,moho,momiguilla,muneco); Trade name (onion cordia,salmwood,cordia,laurel blanco) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION C. alliodora, a wet zone population in a 14 year old provenance trial at Tumaco, Cordia alliodora grows to over 40 m. Bole generally straight, cylindrical; Colombia. (David Boshier) often clear of branches for up to 50-60% of the total tree height. May or may not be buttressed; on shallow soils, buttresses may extend 1-1.5 m up the trunk. -
Comparative and Population Genomics Landscape of Phellinus Noxius
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/132712; this version posted September 17, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Comparative and population genomics landscape of Phellinus noxius: 2 a hypervariable fungus causing root rot in trees 3 4 Chia-Lin Chung¶1,2, Tracy J. Lee3,4,5, Mitsuteru Akiba6, Hsin-Han Lee1, Tzu-Hao 5 Kuo3, Dang Liu3,7, Huei-Mien Ke3, Toshiro Yokoi6, Marylette B Roa3,8, Meiyeh J Lu3, 6 Ya-Yun Chang1, Pao-Jen Ann9, Jyh-Nong Tsai9, Chien-Yu Chen10, Shean-Shong 7 Tzean1, Yuko Ota6,11, Tsutomu Hattori6, Norio Sahashi6, Ruey-Fen Liou1,2, Taisei 8 Kikuchi12 and Isheng J Tsai¶3,4,5,7 9 10 1Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan 11 2Master Program for Plant Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan 12 3Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 13 4Biodiversity Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and 14 National Taiwan Normal University 15 5Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University 16 6Department of Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 17 Tsukuba, Japan 18 7Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia 19 Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 20 8Philippine Genome Center, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 21 1101 -
Chec List What Survived from the PLANAFLORO Project
Check List 10(1): 33–45, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution What survived from the PLANAFLORO Project: PECIES S Angiosperms of Rondônia State, Brazil OF 1* 2 ISTS L Samuel1 UniCarleialversity of Konstanz, and Narcísio Department C.of Biology, Bigio M842, PLZ 78457, Konstanz, Germany. [email protected] 2 Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus José Ribeiro Filho, BR 364, Km 9.5, CEP 76801-059. Porto Velho, RO, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: The Rondônia Natural Resources Management Project (PLANAFLORO) was a strategic program developed in partnership between the Brazilian Government and The World Bank in 1992, with the purpose of stimulating the sustainable development and protection of the Amazon in the state of Rondônia. More than a decade after the PLANAFORO program concluded, the aim of the present work is to recover and share the information from the long-abandoned plant collections made during the project’s ecological-economic zoning phase. Most of the material analyzed was sterile, but the fertile voucher specimens recovered are listed here. The material examined represents 378 species in 234 genera and 76 families of angiosperms. Some 8 genera, 68 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety are new records for Rondônia State. It is our intention that this information will stimulate future studies and contribute to a better understanding and more effective conservation of the plant diversity in the southwestern Amazon of Brazil. Introduction The PLANAFLORO Project funded botanical expeditions In early 1990, Brazilian Amazon was facing remarkably in different areas of the state to inventory arboreal plants high rates of forest conversion (Laurance et al. -
Diversity of Hydraulic Traits in Nine Cordia Species Growing in Tropical
Research DiversityBlackwell Publishing Ltd of hydraulic traits in nine Cordia species growing in tropical forests with contrasting precipitation Brendan Choat1,3, Lawren Sack2 and N. Michele Holbrook1 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University. Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; 2Department of Botany, University of Hawaii, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; 3Present address: Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Wickson Hall, Davis, CA 95161, USA Summary Author for correspondence: • Inter- and intraspecific variation in hydraulic traits was investigated in nine Cordia Brendan Choat (Boraginaceae) species growing in three tropical rainforests differing in mean annual Tel: +1 530 7527185 precipitation (MAP). + Fax: 1 530 7520382 • Interspecific variation was examined for the different Cordia species found at each Email: [email protected] site, and intraspecific variation was studied in populations of the widespread species Received: 3 February 2007 Cordia alliodora across the three sites. Accepted: 20 April 2007 • Strong intra- and interspecific variation were observed in vulnerability to drought- induced embolism. Species growing at drier sites were more resistant to embolism than those growing at moister sites; the same pattern was observed for populations of C. alliodora. By contrast, traits related to hydraulic capacity, including stem xylem vessel diameter, sapwood specific conductivity (Ks) and leaf specific conductivity (KL), varied strongly but independently of MAP. For C. alliodora, xylem anatomy, Ks, KL and Huber value varied little across sites, with Ks and KL being consistently high relative to other Cordia species. •A constitutively high hydraulic capacity coupled with plastic or genotypic adjustment in vulnerability to embolism and leaf water relations would contribute to the ability of C. -
Chapter 5 Forest Plantations: Policies and Progress
Chapter 5 Forest Plantations: Policies and Progress Logging in the Tropics is commonly followed by defores- 15-year rotation as an example, he concluded that em- tation and agriculture that degrade the soil, precluding ployment is nearly 5 times greater in forest plantations subsequent continuous cultivation or pasturing. Agricul- than in pasture production, and yet the forest may be ture persists on the best sites, leaving the poorer ones to grown on poorer soils. return to forests. Of these, the best may be suitable for forest plantations. Two valuable references on forest plantations in the Trop- ics are available. Evans (1992) emphasizes the planning The growing need for plantations was recognized de- of plantations, taking into account social and economic cades ago by Champion (1949). He pointed out that factors and describing practices from establishment to there are many millions of hectares of land that should harvest. Zobel and others (1987) clarify misunderstand- be afforested as soon as possible for society's benefit. He ings concerning exotic species and document the high further stated that although the technology to restore yields attainable through plantation tree improvement. forests may be based on incomplete understanding of the underlying principles, the work must proceed in the light TheCase for Planting of existing experience. His plea is still valid. The case for planting rests partly on land availability and foreseen timber shortages. One analysis concluded that The ultimate extent of forest plantations in the Tropics plantations are needed where: (1) natural forest area is will be determined by the degree to which they can inadequate, (2) natural forests grow too slowly to meet compete with other land uses, meet growing demands bulk forest-product demands on a sustained-yield basis, for wood, outproduce alternative wood sources, and (3) natural forests are too scattered to permit economical _) protect the environment for future generations. -
Brown Root Rot Disease in American Samoa's Tropical Rain Forestsl
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarSpace at University of Hawai'i at Manoa Brown Root Rot Disease in American Samoa's Tropical Rain Forestsl Fred E. Brooks 2 Abstract: Phellinus noxius (Corner) Cunningham causes root and lower stem rot of woody plants throughout the South Pacific region. Its hosts include rubber, mahogany, cacao, and many timber, fruit, and landscape trees. Though endemic to the Tropics, no reports were found describing brown root rot disease in na tive forests, exclusively. Incidence, distribution, and host range of P. noxius were measured in primary and secondary rain forests on Tutuila Island, American Samoa. Phellinus noxius was recorded in 19 of 20 strip transects and 1.2-ha es tablished plots and in all vegetation types, infecting 37 tree species in 30 genera and 22 families. Species most affected were Myristica Jatua, Dysoxylum samoense, and Hibiscus tiliaceus-25, 16, and 10%, respectively. Of 62 infection centers, 33 contained the same tree species and 13 were dominated by a single species. The fewest infections were recorded at primary montane and ridge top sites. Regenerating secondary valley sites had the highest incidence of disease and greatest number of infection centers. Infection centers at these disturbed sites also contained more trees on average than centers at primary sites. Disease in cidence was influenced more by human disturbance than by vegetation type, topography, stem diameter, stem density, or soil type. The disturbed sites also appeared to lack the species richness of mature sites. This agrees with other host/pathogen associations, such as Douglas-fir/P. -
Manual on the Management of Brown Root Rot Disease
Manual on the Management of Brown Root Rot Disease Manual on the Management of Brown Root Rot Disease GREENING, LANDSCAPE AND TREE MANAGEMENT SECTION DEVELOPMENT BUREAU APRIL 2019 Manual on the Management of Brown Root Rot Disease TABLE OF CONTENT PART 1 - INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 1 1.1 BROWN ROOT ROT DISEASE (BRRD) ...................................................... 1 1.2 PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL ....................................................................... 2 1.3 HOW THIS MANUAL CAN HELP? ................................................................ 3 1.4 MANUAL STRUCTURE ................................................................................... 4 PART 2 - PREVENTION .................................................................................. 5 2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF BRRD INFECTION .................................................... 5 2.1.1 Field Diagnosis ...................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Laboratory Diagnosis ........................................................................... 8 2.2 REPORTING AND CONFIRMATION OF BRRD INFECTED TREES ...... 9 2.3 HANDLING OF BRRD INFECTED TREES ................................................ 10 PART 3 - CONTROL ..................................................................................... 11 3.1 PHASE 1 – PLANNING AND PREPARATION FOR TREE REMOVAL . 11 3.2 PHASE 2 – SITE ARRANGEMENT ............................................................ -
The Genus Cordia: Botanists, Ethno, Chemical and Pharmacological
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 25 (2015) 542–552 www .sbfgnosia.org.br/revista Review Article The genus Cordia: botanists, ethno, chemical and pharmacological aspects Edinardo Fagner Ferreira Matias, Erivania Ferreira Alves, Maria Karollyna do Nascimento Silva, ∗ Victoria Regina de Alencar Carvalho, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho , José Galberto Martins da Costa Faculdade Leão Sampaio, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Species of the genus Cordia, Boraginaceae, are widely studied with regard to the various ethnobotanical Received 7 February 2015 and ethnopharmacological aspects. They are found principally in tropical and subtropical regions of the Accepted 22 May 2015 American, Asian and African continents, where they occur in various countries. In the genus Cordia, there Available online 23 July 2015 are many species cultivated for ornamental plants, wood and medicinal applications, where they are extensively utilized by traditional communities. In the last decades, scientific studies of Cordia species Keywords: have intensified, demonstrating the great interest in phytochemical, biological and pharmacological stud- Bioactivity ies. In this review, we describe the principal botanical aspects, ethnopharmacological information and Cordia evaluation of the bioactive and pharmacological properties of Cordia, its phytochemical constituents and Ethnopharmacology Phytochemical the most common classes of secondary metabolites identified. The information reported in this work Flavonoids contributes -
Hylobius Abietis
On the cover: Stand of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) in Ottawa National Forest, Michigan. The image was modified from a photograph taken by Joseph O’Brien, USDA Forest Service. Inset: Cone from red pine (Pinus resinosa). The image was modified from a photograph taken by Paul Wray, Iowa State University. Both photographs were provided by Forestry Images (www.forestryimages.org). Edited by: R.C. Venette Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN The authors gratefully acknowledge partial funding provided by USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology. Contributing authors E.M. Albrecht, E.E. Davis, and A.J. Walter are with the Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................2 ARTHROPODS: BEETLES..................................................................................4 Chlorophorus strobilicola ...............................................................................5 Dendroctonus micans ...................................................................................11 Hylobius abietis .............................................................................................22 Hylurgops palliatus........................................................................................36 Hylurgus ligniperda .......................................................................................46