ANGELIKA KRATZER Department of Linguistics University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003 (413) 545-6829

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ANGELIKA KRATZER Department of Linguistics University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003 (413) 545-6829 1 ANGELIKA KRATZER Department of Linguistics University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003 (413) 545-6829 [email protected] http://people.umass.edu/kratzer/ Academic degrees 1973 University of Konstanz, MA in Theoretical Linguistics and Romance Philology (ausgezeichnet, ‘with distinction’). 1979 University of Konstanz, Dr. phil. (summa cum laude). Education Undergraduate Work 1967-1969 University of Munich: Romance Philology, Art History, Communication Studies, Modern German Literature. Graduate Work 1970-1972 University of Konstanz: MA-level studies in Theoretical Linguistics and Romance Philology. 1972-1973 University of Heidelberg: Mathematical Logic. 1974 Victoria University of Wellington/New Zealand: Formal Semantics for Natural Language, Logic, Philosophy of Language. Professional Employment 1992-present Professor of Linguistics, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. 1985-1992 Associate Professor of Linguistics, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. 1980-1985 Assistant Professor (wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin), Institute of Linguistics, Technical University Berlin. 1978-1980 Senior Researcher, Max Planck Institute of Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen. Project on Language Production. 2 1975-1978 Researcher, University of Konstanz. Project on Formal Syntax and Semantics. 1969-1970 Assistante de langue allemande, Lycée Jean Dautet, La Rochelle. Teaching & research at other institutions • NASSLLI (North American Summer School in Logic, Language, and Information), University of Maryland (2014). • Linguistic Society of America Summer Institutes: UC Santa Cruz (1991), Cornell University (1997), Harvard-MIT (2005), University of Michigan (2013). • Dutch Central Graduate Program (LOT): Amsterdam (1991), Utrecht (1994), Tilburg (2012). • Central European University Budapest (2009): Summer School on Conditionals. • École Normale Supérieure, Paris: Invited Professor (2009). • Institut Jean Nicod, Paris: Invited Researcher (2009). • École Normale Supérieure Paris (2005): Fall School in Linguistics. • Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil): Visiting Professor (2000, 2003). Earlier University of Barcelona International Summer School at Girona (1996). Graduate Program for Students from Central and Eastern Europe, Charles University Prague (1995). Graduate Program of the University of Stuttgart (1992). Honors & Fellowships • David Lewis Lecture, Princeton Philosophy Department (2017). • Convener of 2015/2016 SIAS Summer Institute: The Investigation of Linguistic Meaning: In the Armchair, in the Field, and in the Lab. With Manfred Krifka. • Henry Sweet Lecture of the Linguistic Association of Great Britain (2014). • Fellowship from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Studies (class of 2013). • Inducted as Fellow of the Linguistic Society of America (2012). • Invited Research Fellow at the Institut Jean Nicod, Paris (2009). • Invited Professor at the École Normale Supérieure, Paris (2009). • Context and Content Lectures at the École des Hautes Études en Science Sociales (EHESS), Paris (2009). • University of Massachusetts College of Humanities and Fine Arts Outstanding Teaching Award (2005). • University of Massachusetts Chancellor’s Outstanding Community Service Award for volunteer work as Court Appointed Special Advocate for the Franklin County Juvenile Court (1999). • University of Massachusetts Conti Fellowship for Outstanding Accomplishments in Research (1999). 3 • Fellowship from the Hebrew University Center for Advanced Studies (1996). • Stanford Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (multiple fellowship offers declined). Earlier Max Planck Society Research Fellowship (Nijmegen 1990). Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes (German National Fellowship, 1971-1974). DAAD fellowship (German Academic Exchange Service, 1974). NSF Grants • BNS 1226449. Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Grammar of Counting and Measuring. A View from Tupi Languages. 2012 – 2014. Principal Investigator, for Suzi Oliveira de Lima. • BNS 0843905. Doctoral Dissertation Research: Semantics of Nez Perce Verbal Inflection. 2009 – 2011. Principal Investigator, for Amy Rose Deal. • BNS 8719999. Quantification: A Cross-Linguistic Investigation. 1988 – 1992. Co- Principal Investigator, with Emmon Bach and Barbara Partee. Ph.D. committees, chaired or co-chaired • Luis Alonso-Ovalle, Associate Professor, McGill University. • Jan Anderssen, Computational Linguist, Idealo Berlin. • Ana Arregui, Associate Professor, University of Ottawa. • Stephen Berman, Lecturer, Universität Bochum. • Shai Cohen, Instructor in Hebrew, Emory University • Noah Constant, Linguistics Researcher, Google Headquarters, Mountain View. • Molly Diesing, Professor, Cornell University (co-chaired with David Pesetsky). • Amy Rose Deal, Assistant Professor, UC Berkeley (co-chaired with Rajesh Bhatt). • Kai von Fintel, Andrew Mellon Professor of Linguistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. • Ilaria Frana, Assistant Professor, Kore University of Enna. • Kiyomi Kusumoto, Associate Professor, Hirosaki Gakuin University. • Suzi Oliveira de Lima, Assistant Professor, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (co-chaired with Lyn Frazier). • Jo-Wang Lin, Professor, Academia Sinica, Taipeng. • Andrew McKenzie, Assistant Professor, University of Kansas (co-chaired with Seth Cable). • Paula Menéndez-Benito, Marie Curie Fellow, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona. • Keir Moulton, Assistant Professor, Simon Fraser University (co-chaired with Kyle Johnson). • Marcin Morzycki, Associate Professor, Michigan State University. 4 • Maribel Romero, Professor, University of Konstanz. • Aynat Rubinstein, Assistant Professor, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem. • Bernhard Schwarz, Associate Professor, McGill University (co-chaired with Kyle Johnson). • Florian Schwarz, Associate Professor, University of Pennsylvania. • Roger Schwarzschild, Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. • Junko Shimoyama, Associate Professor, McGill University (co-chaired with Kyle Johnson). • Satoshi Tomioka, Associate Professor, University of Delaware. • Elisabeth Villalta (completed with Sigrid Beck at the University of Tübingen). Ph.D. committees, not chaired or co-chaired Philosophy Thomas Bell, Einar Bohn, Ben Bradley, David Cowles, Sam Cowling, David Denby, Neil Feit, Brandt van der Gaast, Carol Gabriel, Christopher Heathwood, Barak Krakauer, Pengbo Liu, Ned Markosian, Kris McDaniel, Bridgette Peterson, Julie Petty, Neil Schaefer, Ted Sider, Stephan Torre. Linguistics Elena Benedicto, Elizabeth Bogal-Allbritten, Virginia Brennan, Christopher Davis, Bart Hollebrandse, Nirit Kadmon, Ji-Yung Kim, Min-Joo Kim, Meredith Landman, Bill Philip, Paul Portner, Janina Rado, Craige Roberts, Bernhard Rohrbacher, Hotze Rullmann, Jeff Runner, Michael Terry, Susanne Tunstall, Michael Walsh-Dickey, Gert Webelhuth, Karina Wilkinson, Sandro Zucchi. Outside Leora Bar-El (University of British Columbia), Christine Brisson (Rutgers), Yael Greenberg (Bar-Ilan), Olga Khomitsevich (Utrecht), Jessica Rett (Rutgers), Mira Grubic (Potsdam). Named lectures and selected invited conference lectures • David Lewis Lecture (2017, Princeton University, Department of Philosophy). • The Language of Uncertainty (2015, Rome Science Festival). • Henry Sweet Lecture of the Linguistic Association of Great Britain. Plenary Lecture (2014, Oxford). • Modality (2014, Yale). • Focus Sensitive Expressions (2014, Bar Ilan). • Logic, Grammar, and Meaning (2014, University of East Anglia) • Tense in Semantics and Philosophy of Language (2014, Arché, St. Andrews). • Pronouns in Embedded Contexts (2014, Tübingen) 5 • International Congress of Linguists. Plenary Lecture (2013, Geneva). • International Undergraduate Conference in Philosophy. Plenary Lecture (2013, Toronto). • Deontic Modality. Keynote Lecture (2013, University of Southern California). • Amsterdam Colloquium. Plenary Lectures (1987, 1995, 2001, 2007, 2013, University of Amsterdam). • Conditionals (2013, Konstanz). • Little v (2013, Leiden). • Jowett Lecture (2012, Oxford). • American Philosophical Association Central Division. Conditionals (2012, Chicago). • Comparative Germanic Syntax (2012, Yale). • American Philosophical Association Eastern Division (2011, Washington DC). • The Logic and Cognitive Science Initiative Conference on Meaning and Context (2011, North Carolina State University). • Syracuse Philosophy Annual Workshop and Network (2011, University of Syracuse). • Mayfest (2011, University of Maryland). • Semantics & Linguistic Theory. Plenary Lectures (1992, Ohio State University. 1998, MIT. 2003, University of Washington. 2006, University of Tokyo. 2011, Rutgers University). • The Chicago Linguistic Society. Plenary Lectures (1986, 2011, University of Chicago). • Annual Logic Lecture (2010, University of Connecticut). • Georgetown Linguistics Society. Plenary Lecture (2010, Georgetown University). • Epistemic Modals (2010, University of Nebraska) • Context and Content Lectures (2009, Écoles des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris. Eight lectures). • Linguistic Society of America Annual Meeting. Plenary Lecture (2009, San Francisco). • German Linguistic Society. Plenary Lecture (2009, Universität Osnabrück). • Sinn und Bedeutung. Plenary Lectures (1997, 2005, Humboldt University, Berlin). • Colloque de Syntaxe et Sémantique de Paris (CSSP). Plenary Lecture (2005, Université de Paris VII). • SCLL Distinguished Visitor Series in Linguistics & Philosophy (2005, UC Santa Cruz). • Tokyo Conference on Psycholinguistics. Plenary Lecture (2002, University of Tokyo, in absentia).
Recommended publications
  • 1 Semantics in Generative Grammar. by Irene Heim & Angelika Kratzer
    Semantics in generative grammar. By Irene Heim & Angelika Kratzer. Malden & Oxford: Blackwell, 1998. Pp. ix, 324. Introduction to natural language semantics. By Henriëtte de Swart. Stanford: CSLI Publications, 1998. Pp. xiv, 257. Although there aren’t that many text books on formal semantics, their average quality is quite good, and these two recent additions don’t lower the standard by any means. ‘Semantics in generative grammar’ (SGG) is the more innovative of the two. As its title indicates, SGG focuses its attention on the syntax/semantics interface, with particular emphasis on quantification and anaphora. These two subjects are discussed in considerable detail, while many others receive only a cursory treatment or are not addressed at all. We learn from the preface that this was a deliberate choice: ‘We want to help students develop the ability for semantic analysis, and, in view of this goal, we think that exploring a few topics in detail is more effective than offering a bird’s-eye view of everything.’ (p. ix) Having enjoyed the results of Heim and Kratzer’s explorations, I can only agree with this judgment. SGG falls into three main parts. The first part introduces the two notions that are at the heart of the formal semantics enterprise, viz. truth conditions and compositionality, and then goes on to develop a compositional truth- conditional semantics for a core fragment of English. The second part discusses variable binding and quantification, and the third part is an in-depth discussion of anaphora. All these developments are kept within an extensional framework. 06-09-1999 1 Intensional phenomena are addressed only briefly, in the last chapter of the book.
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  • Making a Pronoun: Fake Indexicals As Windows Into the Properties of Pronouns Angelika Kratzer
    University of Massachusetts Amherst From the SelectedWorks of Angelika Kratzer 2009 Making a Pronoun: Fake Indexicals as Windows into the Properties of Pronouns Angelika Kratzer Available at: https://works.bepress.com/angelika_kratzer/ 6/ Making a Pronoun: Fake Indexicals as Windows into the Properties of Pronouns Angelika Kratzer This article argues that natural languages have two binding strategies that create two types of bound variable pronouns. Pronouns of the first type, which include local fake indexicals, reflexives, relative pronouns, and PRO, may be born with a ‘‘defective’’ feature set. They can ac- quire the features they are missing (if any) from verbal functional heads carrying standard ␭-operators that bind them. Pronouns of the second type, which include long-distance fake indexicals, are born fully specified and receive their interpretations via context-shifting ␭-operators (Cable 2005). Both binding strategies are freely available and not subject to syntactic constraints. Local anaphora emerges under the assumption that feature transmission and morphophonological spell-out are limited to small windows of operation, possibly the phases of Chomsky 2001. If pronouns can be born underspecified, we need an account of what the possible initial features of a pronoun can be and how it acquires the features it may be missing. The article develops such an account by deriving a space of possible paradigms for referen- tial and bound variable pronouns from the semantics of pronominal features. The result is a theory of pronouns that predicts the typology and individual characteristics of both referential and bound variable pronouns. Keywords: agreement, fake indexicals, local anaphora, long-distance anaphora, meaning of pronominal features, typology of pronouns 1 Fake Indexicals and Minimal Pronouns Referential and bound variable pronouns tend to look the same.
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  • Scope Or Pseudoscope? Are There Wide-Scope Indefinites?1
    1 Scope or Pseudoscope? Are there Wide-Scope Indefinites?1 Angelika Kratzer, University of Massachusetts at Amherst March 1997 1. The starting point: Fodor and Sag My story begins with a famous example by Janet Fodor and Ivan Sag 2: The Fodor and Sag example (1) Each teacher overheard the rumor that a student of mine had been called before the dean. (1) has a reading where the indefinite NP a student of mine has scope within the that - clause. What the teachers overheard might have been: “A student of Angelika’s was called before the dean”. This reading is expected if indefinite NPs are quantifiers, and quantifier scope is confined to some local domain. (1) has another reading where a student of mine seems to have widest scope, scope even wider than each teacher. There might have been a student of mine, say Sanders, and each teacher overheard the rumor that Sanders was called before the dean. Fodor and Sag argue that this is not an instance of scope. If indefinite NPs seem to have anomalous scope properties, they are not true quantifiers. The apparent wide-scope reading of a student of mine in (1) is really a referential reading. Indefinite NPs, then, are ambiguous between quantificational and referential readings. If they are quantificational, their scope cannot exceed some local domain. If they are referential, they do not have scope at all. They may be easily confused with widest scope existentials, however. Sentence (1) is important for Fodor and Sag’s argument since it offers a third scope possibility for the indefinite NP that doesn’t seem to be there.
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  • Quantification, Misc
    QUANTIFICATION, MISC. A Dissertation Presented by JAN ANDERSSEN Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY September 2011 Linguistics c Copyright by Jan Anderssen 2011 All rights reserved QUANTIFICATION, MISC. A Dissertation Presented by JAN ANDERSSEN Approved as to style and content by Angelika Kratzer, Chair Lyn Frazier, Member Christopher Potts, Member Charles Clifton, Jr., Member John J. McCarthy Head of Department Linguistics ACKNOWLEDGMENTS That I have finished this dissertation is in large parts due to the guidance, patience, and encouragement of my committee members. It amazes me how tirelessly they have cleared all the stumbling blocks I sometimes threw in my own way. I am indebted first and foremost to my Doktormutter, Angelika Kratzer. My views on linguistics, and semantics in particular are shaped by Angelika’s writing, teaching, and advising. The introductory classes that I took with Angelika during my visiting year at UMass were the main reason for me to apply there without hesitation. I have never regretted this. What I have learned extends beyond the linguistic horizon. I was fortunate to have an outstanding dissertation committee, and I am very grateful to Lyn Frazier, Chris Potts, and Chuck Clifton for being on my committee, and for being generous with their time and feedback throughout not only the time of my dissertation writing, but the entire time I have known them. That I have enjoyed these years in graduate school no matter how frustrating the work might have seemed at times is entirely due to a great many good friends near and far.
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  • Minimal Pronouns1
    1 Minimal Pronouns1 Fake Indexicals as Windows into the Properties of Bound Variable Pronouns Angelika Kratzer University of Massachusetts at Amherst June 2006 Abstract The paper challenges the widely accepted belief that the relation between a bound variable pronoun and its antecedent is not necessarily submitted to locality constraints. It argues that the locality constraints for bound variable pronouns that are not explicitly marked as such are often hard to detect because of (a) alternative strategies that produce the illusion of true bound variable interpretations and (b) language specific spell-out noise that obscures the presence of agreement chains. To identify and control for those interfering factors, the paper focuses on ‘fake indexicals’, 1st or 2nd person pronouns with bound variable interpretations. Following up on Kratzer (1998), I argue that (non-logophoric) fake indexicals are born with an incomplete set of features and acquire the remaining features via chains of local agreement relations established in the syntax. If fake indexicals are born with an incomplete set of features, we need a principled account of what those features are. The paper derives such an account from a semantic theory of pronominal features that is in line with contemporary typological work on possible pronominal paradigms. Keywords: agreement, bound variable pronouns, fake indexicals, meaning of pronominal features, pronominal ambiguity, typologogy of pronouns. 1 . I received much appreciated feedback from audiences in Paris (CSSP, September 2005), at UC Santa Cruz (November 2005), the University of Saarbrücken (workshop on DPs and QPs, December 2005), the University of Tokyo (SALT XIII, March 2006), and the University of Tromsø (workshop on decomposition, May 2006).
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  • Exceptive Conditionals: the Meaning of Unless
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  • David Lewis's Philosophy of Language
    DAVID LEWIS’S PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE1 RICHARD HOLTON Lewis never saw philosophy of language as foundational in the way that many have. One of the most distinctive features of his work is the robust confidence that questions in metaphysics or mind can be addressed head on, and not through the lens of language.2 That said, Lewis’s work in the philosophy of language has had enormous impact. The Lewis-Stalnaker analysis of counterfactuals provides the standard; so too does Lewis’s account of convention. His account of truth in fiction is widely accepted, and has provided the inspiration for recent fictionalist accounts of various domains.3 Elsewhere he provides, if not the orthodoxy, then the standard alternative to orthodoxy: this is true, for instance, of his counterpart semantics for modal language, and of his descriptivist account of the semantics of singular terms. Moreover, Lewis is a member of that small group of philosophers whose work is read and used by linguists, at least those working towards the semantic end of things. A check through the index pages of Linguistics and Philosophy reveals, as expected, that he is one of the handful of authors whose work is multiply cited in every volume by both linguists and philosophers. ‘Scorekeeping in a Language Game’ is a central piece in pragmatics. ‘General Semantics’ is one of the founding texts of much contemporary formal semantics. ‘Adverbs of Quantification’ has 1 Thanks to Sam Guttenplan, Lloyd Humberstone, Rae Langton, Bob Stalnaker, Mark Steedman and Steve Yablo. I use the following abbreviations for Lewis’s collections of papers: PP I: Philosophical Papers Vol.
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  • Conditionals
    59. Conditionals Kai von Fintel Massachusetts Instititute of Technology Department of Linguistics and Philosophy Room 32-D808, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139 fi[email protected] +1.617.253.3228 December 23, 2009 59. Conditionals 1. Conditional meanings and ways of expressing them 2. Types of conditionals 3. The classic accounts and beyond 4. The restrictor analysis 5. Recent alternatives to the restrictor analysis 6. Interactions 7. Further reading 8. References This article introduces the classic accounts of the meaning of condition- als (material implication, strict implication, variably strict conditional) and discusses the difference between indicative and subjunctive/counterfactual conditionals. Then, the restrictor analysis of Lewis/Kratzer/Heim is intro- duced as a theory of how conditional meanings come about compositionally: if has no meaning other than serving to mark the restriction to an operator elsewhere in the conditional construction. Some recent alternatives to the restrictor analysis are sketched. Lastly, the interactions of conditionals (i) with modality and (ii) with tense and aspect are discussed. Throughout the advanced research literature is referenced while the discussion stays largely non-technical. 1 Conditional meanings and ways of expressing them Conditionals are sentences that talk about a possible scenario that may or may not be actual and describe what (else) is the case in that scenario; or, considered from “the other end”, conditionals state in what kind of possible scenarios a given proposition is true. The canonical form of a conditional is a two-part sentence consisting of an “antecedent” (also: “premise”, “protasis”) marked with if and a “consequent” (“apodosis”) sometimes marked with then (the syntax and semantics of then is an interesting subject, which we won’t cover here, see e.g.
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  • Irene Heim –Biographical Notes⇤
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  • 'Ought': out of ORDER
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  • Impersonally Interpreted Personal Pronouns
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