and the Quest for 20mph Speed Limits

Glasgow CTC AGM Presentation http://bit.ly/1GJvjrI

Bob Downie 3rd November 2015 11/4/2015 1 Introduction

• Why 20mph for Glasgow’s Streets?

• What is Edinburgh doing about 20mph?

• Glasgow’s road network: how big is it, what kinds of roads does it comprise?

• A brief historical review of the installation of 20mph areas in Glasgow

• A comparison of the installed 20mph areas and pedestrian and cycle accident distributions

• Conclusions

– Where are We Now With 20mph in Glasgow?

– What Can We Do?

11/4/2015 2 Why 20mph for Glasgow’s Streets?

• Reduction in the number and severity of traffic collisions • Improvements to the environment • 20mph urban speeds currently supported by – Scottish Government – – Road safety, cycling and disabled support groups – Opinion polls show that most people want to live on a 20mph street

http://drnoble.co.uk/musings/20mph-limits-in-towns

11/4/2015 3 What is Edinburgh Doing About 20mph?

Proposed and in Progress 20mph Implementation

• In final consultation- report Jan 2016 80% of Edinburgh’s roads to be 20mph Including • No traffic calming large sections of arterial and main roads http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/info/20243/20mph_for_edinburgh/1240/map_of_proposed_20mph_streets 11/4/2015 4 Glasgow’s Road Network: The Challenge of Determining Which Should be 20mph

Exclusive of motorways, Glasgow contains about 1880km of roads

Open Street Map data

11/4/2015 5 Potentially >1500km of Roads Where 20mph is Appropriate

Residential roads 1,385km total “Tertiary” Roads 234km total

The 20mph challenge

Residential roads 1,385km Tertiary” Roads (~50%) 117km Arterial Roads ??

TOTAL >1500km Non-motorway arterial roads 275km total (~80% of the non-motorway network)

11/4/2015 6 A brief Historical Review of the Installation of 20mph Areas in Glasgow

• In 2010 GCC initiated installation of Existing & Planned 20mph zones on residential roads 20mph Areas 2011 Phase 1 – Phases 1 to 4 (163km) complete or 2012 Phase 2 near complete (2015) 2013 Phase 3 2014/15 Phase 4 – Phase 5 plan for 20mph zones in and the city centre with no traffic calming

• Implementation Rate

– The 163km of Phases 1 to 4 have taken 5 years to complete

– equivalent to a rate of 33km/year

• Approximately 1350km of mainly Residential road residential roads outstanding Tertiary road Highway • At the rate of 33km/year another 40 years to complete 20mph implementation

11/4/2015 7

Cycle Accidents In this time period, 1999-2013 roughly 1695 accidents within the City of Glasgow were reported to police in which a cyclist was involved.

That can be expressed as:

113 cycle accidents/year

0.90 accidents/km of non-motorway road Blue dot =male casualty Red dot = female casualty Note high concentration of

accidents on STATS 19 Data source arterial roads http://discover.ukdataservice.ac.uk/

Cycle Accident Point and Heatmap 1999- 2013

Accidents are largely concentrated on arterial roads with some streets in the West End, City Centre and Southside have accident rates 20x higher than Glasgow’s roads on average

Roads with the highest cycle accident rates have the accident points posted in colour (blue =male casualty, red = female casualty)

On other roads, the accident points are shown as small black dots. Sections of the following roads are observed to have high accident rates

Typical High Cycle Accident Arterial Roads

Common Factors: Shops Kilmarnock • • On-street parking Road • No cycle facilities • Junctions

Victoria Road

Byres Road

11/4/2015 10 Shieldhall Rd Rd Clyde Arc Br. Roundabout 10 accidents Roundabout Junction 9 accidents 7 accidents 7 accidents

Shieldhall Rd Roundabout Cycle Accident Point 10 accidents Shields Rd Roundabout 7 accidents and Heatmap 1999-2013

ROUNDABOUTS & HOTSPOTS

Concentrations of cycle Paisley Rd W. accidents occur at specific Roundabout locations, particularly at 7 accidents Park roundabouts

These roundabouts are frequently on travel “desire” lines and are difficult for cyclists to detour around Pollok Roundabout Battlefield Auldhouse The 10 locations figured on the left 7 accidents Roundabout Roundabout accounted for 5% of all cycle accidents 6 accidents 13 accidents for the period

Typical Cycle Accident Hotspot Roundabouts

Shieldhall Road Roundabout Pollok Roundabout

Common Factors: • On cycle desire lines • Dual carriageway/ multi-lane • No cycle facilities Auldhouse Roundabout

11/4/2015 12 Pedestrian Accident Heatmap 1999-2009 and 20mph Areas

Existing and proposed 20mph zones

Relative intensity Relative

Proposed City Centre 20mph area Note concentration (TRO 201_) around of accidents along high accident area arterial roads

13 Cycle Accident Heatmap 1999-2013 and 20mph Areas

Existing and proposed 20mph zones

Relative intensity Relative

Proposed City Centre 20mph area Note concentration (TRO 201_) around of accidents along high accident area arterial roads

14 Accident Rates & Proposed 20mph Area

Proposed city centre 20mph zone

Cycle accidents Pedestrian accidents 1999-2013 1999-2009 • Glasgow City centre contains 43km of roads, 2.25% of the total non-motorway city road network • It accounted for 18.4% of the pedestrian accidents in the period 1999-2009 (8x higher rate per km than average) • It accounted for 8.2% of the cycle accidents in the period 1999-2013 (3.6x higher rate per km than average) • The city centre has very high pedestrian and cycling accident rates and the proposed 20mph zone is likely to reduce both the numbers and severity of both

11/4/2015 15 Cycle Accident Detail for the Area 1999-2013

The preferential siting of 20mph zones in residential Queens Park areas tends to miss out the High accident arterial roads where most rate arterial cycle and pedestrian Kilmarnock accidents occur Road

20mph zone installed in 2013 on Battlefield Roundabout streets with few “hotspot” accidents 5 accidents

11/4/2015 16 Conclusions

• The city centre is the locus of the highest accident rates to vulnerable road users. The current proposal for 20mph in this area (Mandatory 20mph Zones (city centre)) should be warmly welcomed

• 20mph speeds in residential areas are highly desirable but outside the city centre the greatest proportion of accidents involving vulnerable road users is associated with the arterial roads, especially where these coincide with shopping streets. Significant sections of these roads must be brought into future 20mph schemes if accident rates and severities are to be reduced

• This analysis has highlighted the egregiously dangerous nature of certain roundabouts, especially where these are situated on dual carriageways. It is unclear if 20mph would be appropriate for these road junctions. Other means to reduce the accident rates at these hotspots must be urgently sought

11/4/2015 17 Where are We Now With 20mph in Glasgow?

• A petition to encourage Glasgow City to consider adopting a 20 mph policy similar to that proposed in Edinburgh acquired 222 signatures by the closing date of 17th March 2015.

• At a presentation to the Petitions Committee on the 12th May 2015, the petition proposal received unanimous cross-party support and the committee instructed the Executive Director of Land and Environmental Services to submit a report to consider the pace and scale of phasing for the implementation of 20 mph speed limits within Glasgow

• A report entitled “Review of Mandatory 20mph speed limit policy” has now been scheduled for submission to the Sustainability and the Environment Policy Development Committee for discussion on 25th November 2015

• Glasgow City Council currently has a public consultation for mandatory 20mph speed limits in the city centre and is seeking comments

11/4/2015 18 What Can We Do?

• Please assist GCC in its desire to slow the city centre to 20mph by supporting the proposed TRO, Mandatory 20mph Zones (city centre). Letters and emails of support can be sent up to the 30th November 2015 (more information at http://bit.ly/1XjJmZ1) • CTC members should consider pressing their council representatives to support the extension of 20mph areas more widely across the city, to include arterial roads where high accident rates prevail – Press for enhanced cyclist safety on roundabouts

11/4/2015 19

Glasgow CTC 2015 AGM 3rd November 2015

MOTIONS

11/4/2015 20 Glasgow CTC 2015 AGM

MOTION 1

• CTC Glasgow recognises from analysis of STATS 19 data that the central area of Glasgow has rates of cycling and pedestrian accidents many times higher than the city as a whole.

• CTC Glasgow therefore welcomes the proposed Traffic Regulation Order to implement mandatory 20mph speed limits within the city centre.

• This motion is to seek approval from the CTC members attending the Glasgow CTC 2015 AGM, for the Glasgow CTC committee to send a communication to Glasgow City Council supporting this proposed TRO.

11/4/2015 21 Glasgow CTC 2015 AGM

MOTION 2

• CTC Glasgow recognises that reducing road speeds to 20mph can result in major harm reduction to vulnerable road users as well as improving the urban environment.

• CTC Glasgow strongly supports the move by cities such as Edinburgh to make 20mph the default speed limit on all residential roads and major sections of arterial roads.

• This motion is to seek approval from the CTC members attending the Glasgow CTC 2015 AGM, for the Glasgow CTC committee to send a communication to Glasgow City Council urging them to extend 20mph speed limits to the majority of the city’s streets, and in particular to apply these to arterial roads which are shown from STATS 19 data to have comparatively high accident rates.

11/4/2015 22 Glasgow CTC 2015 AGM

MOTION 3

• Analysis of cycle accident data (STATS 19) shows that some roundabouts and junctions have unacceptably high accident rates.

• The roundabouts tend to be situated on dual carriageways which coincide with cycle desire lines. They are hard for cyclists to avoid.

• This motion is to seek approval from the CTC members attending the Glasgow CTC 2015 AGM, for the Glasgow CTC committee to send a communication to Glasgow City Council urging them, as a matter of urgency, to explore ways to make the identified roundabouts and junctions with higher accident rates safer for cyclists

11/4/2015 23