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Abstract on the Occurence of Podisma Pedesfn's (L.) (Caelifera)

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Abstract on the Occurence of Podisma Pedesfn's (L.) (Caelifera) ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Articulata - Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopterologie e.V. DGfO Jahr/Year: 2000 Band/Volume: 15_2000 Autor(en)/Author(s): Zinner Friederike, Richter Klaus, Schlegel Cornelia Artikel/Article: Zum Vorkommen von Podisma pedestris (L. 1758) in der Königsbrücker Heide, Sachsen (Caelifera: Acrididae, Melanoplinae) 245-249 Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopterologie e.V.; download http://www.dgfo-articulata.de/ ARTIGULATA 2000 15(21:245 -2a9 FAUN|ST|K Zum Vorkommen von Podisma pedesfris (L. 17S8) in der KOnigsbrUcker Heide, Sachsen (Gaelifera: Acrididae, Melanoplinae) Friederike Zinner, Cornelia Schlegel & Klaus Richter Abstract on the occurence of Podisma pedesfn's (L.) (caelifera) in the Krinigsbrucker Heide, Saxonia For many years Podisma pedesfn's seemed to be extict in northern and middle Germany. However, a small population has been rediscovered in an extended heath area originated from former military use. The habitat is described in detail. Zusammenfassung Nachdem Podisma pedesfris in Nord- und Mitteldeutschland fur lange Jahre als Abb. 1: Trockenrasen / Halbtrockenrasen-Komplex vor einem lichten Kiefernwald, Le- ausgestorben galt, wurde jetzt eine kleine Population in einem ausgedehnten bensraum der Gewohnlichen Gebirgsschrecke (Mai 2000). Heidegebiet auf einem ehemaligen TruppenUbungsplatz wiederentdeckt. Der Lebensraum wird ndher beschrieben. Danksagung Das neue Vorkommen Wurde im Rahmen einer Heuschrecken-Kartierung ent- Die Gewdhnliche Gebirgsschrecke (Podisma pedesfris) gilt als sibirische Art, fur deckt, unterstutzt durch das Naturschutzzentrum Wengleinpark, Projekt Hutan- die NADtc (1991) eine bereits pleistozdne Einwanderung vermutet. Sie ist heute ger. in Mitteleuropa boreal-subalpin verbreitet (DErzEL 1998, lNGRtscH u. KOHrcR 1998a). Aktuelle Vorkommen in Deutschland sind aus Bayern und Baden-WUrt- Verfasserin: temberg bekannt (HEUS|NGER 1990, HenunNN 1990, HERMANN 1998), isolierte Dr. Claudia HemP Reliktvorkommen auBerhalb dieses Raumes in Nord- und Mitteldeutschland Universitdt Bayreuth waren aus Sachsen-Anhalt (Hnnz 1960, KOHLER 1988), Schleswig-Holstein Lehrstuhl f. Tierokologie ll (ZncHen 1917) und Sachsen (BAER 1904, JoRDAN 1936, ScHtEMENz 1966) be- 95440 Bayreuth kannt, gelten (bzw. galten) aber seit Jahrzehnten als erloschen, wobei das ehe- malige Vorkommen in Schleswig-Holstein in letzter Zeit sogar insgesamt be- Literatur areifelt bzw. verworfen wurde (DIERKING-WESTeHAL 1989). Die Art ist heute in Deutschland als ,,vom Aussterben bedroht" eingestuft (tr.rcnrscn u. KOHLER (1990): im Oberen Donautal. Verbreitung - Bewertung - DETZEL, P. Heuschreckenvorkommen 1998b), nach der Roten Liste for den Freistaat Sachsen (BORNER et al. 1994) Schutz. - Articulata SQ): 14-29. und der kommentierten Checkliste (BOnrurn 1995) gilt die Art noch als ausge- in der HEMP, C. & HEMp, A. (1996): Podisma pedestrls Linne, 1758 (Saltatoria: catantopinae) storben bzw. verschollen. Hersbrucker Alb. - Berichte der ANL 20. 177-286. HEUSINGER, G. (1990): Die Gewohnliche Gebirgsschrecke Podisma pedeslns L , 1758 in Nord- Wdhrend von den ehemaligen sdchsischen Vorkommen die Berge des Vogtlands bayem (Orthoptera: Catantopidae). - Articulata 5(2): 35-38. zumindest noch in gewissem Zusammenhang zu den tibrigen siiddeutschen LAKEBERG, H. (2000): Auswirkungen einer ArtenschutzmaRnahme f Ur die Gewohnliche Gebirgs- Vorkommen standen und auch die sachsen-anhaltinischen Meldungen mit dem schrecke Podisma pedesfns Linn6 1 758. - Articulata 1 5(1 ): 1 09-1 12. Harz ein Gebirge betreffen, handelt es sich beim Vorkommen in der Westlausitz wohl um den einzigen gesicherten Flachlandnachweis aus Deutschland. Der fUr Jahrzehnte letzte dortige Nachweis (Kdnigsbrircker Heide) stammt aus dem Jahr '15(2) ARTICULATA 2OOO ARTTCULATA2OOO 15(2) Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopterologie e.V.; download http://www.dgfo-articulata.de/ in Teilen sella, Rumex 1929 (JoRDAN 1936). Das Gebiet war bereits seit 1907 zumindest acetoseila und spergura moisonii. Die Verbuschung ist am Fundort praktisch Unmittelbar selbst und TruppenUbungsplatz und damit kaum mehr zugiinglich. in seiner weiteren Umgebung noch gering, nur vereinlert treten junge zur Auswei- Birken, Espen nach Abzug der GUS-Streitkriifte begannen intensive Bem0hungen und Kiefern auf. Wesentlich ist jedoci vermuflich eine unmittetoar einstweilige Sicher- benachbarte stctrstelre,. sung der KdnigsbrUcker Heide als Naturschutzgebiet, die ein sprengungstrichter mit sowohr kreineren offenen eines be- sandfldchen stellung erfolgte 1992 und heute ist das Gebiet mit ca. 7000 ha der als auch einzernen Birlien und einem Brombeergeouscn (Rubus pti_ (u.a. KuenscH 1994). Auch im cata). Hier wurde anvar deutendsten Schutzgebiete im Freistaat Sachsen aktuell kein Exemplar gefunden und iuch uber die Funk_ tion Rahmen der intensiven naturschutzfachlichen Bearbeitung fUr den Pflege- und .im Lebenszyklus der Gebirgsschrecke kOnnte bislang hochstens spekutiert rezentes werden, doch Entwicklungsplan konnte zundchst allerdings noch kein Hinweis auf ein liegt keiner der Nachweise mehr 1s m vo,idieser stelle entfernt Vorkommen von Podisma pedesfns erbracht werden (IFON 1994). Erst GOHleRr und trot. intensiver Nachsuche in der (ansonsten rerativ homogenen) podisma weiteren (1996) gelang wdhrend einer Exkursion eher zuftillig wieder der Nachweis eines umgebung konnte dorr pedesfns bisher nicht angetrorei weroen. Einzeltieres. Heuschreckenzcinose Die des Fundorts, uber die in anderem Zusammenhang f(ir das Ge- ausf0hrlicher lnzwischen kann die Existenz zumindest einer kleineren Population zu berichten sein wird, entspricht im wesenilicnsten-oem Erwar_ tungsbild, wobei biet und damit das einZge rezente Vorkommen im mitteldeutschen Flachland Myrmeleotettix maculatu's mit weitem Abstand oi- naufigste bestiitigt werden: syntope Art ist: Am 08.06. wurden 7,4 und am 20.06.2000 3,2 Exemplare von Podisma pedesfns Gryllus campestns (verbreitet), pratycleQ albopunctata (selten), podismapedes- bei jeweils intensiver Suche nachgewiesen. Die Besiedlungsfldche ist dabei nicht fzs (selten), oedipoda ca.erurescens (serten),'sphingonotus "naemonnoiailrsca'eruratis (sehr ser- groBer offensichtlich individuenarm. Diese deckt sich t9n), Euthvstira brachyptera (selten), als 500 m', die Population omocestus fveroreitet;, ebenfalls nur noch Uber stenobothrus rineatau.s (haufig), grunds€itzlich mit den Befunden anderer Autoren, die Myrmereotettix macuratus- lmLssennan;, individuenarme und kleinfliichige Populationen berichten (HERMANN 1990' Chorthippus brunneus (verbreitet) una inortnippus mollis(selten). HERMANN 1998). lnsgesamt sollten in der Kcinigsbrucker Heide die Lebensraumanspruche der Die KcinigsbrUcker Heide liegt im Nordwesten der Lausitz und grenzt im Norden xerothermophilen Art (FrscnER 1950), fur die TErcHMANr.r auf das trgsCiin-Jbesondere direkt an Brandenburg an. Wdhrend im Sflden die ausklingende Mittelgebirgs- Aufsuchen von Temperaturextremen hinweist, nbcn in Lntreicnen groBere Teil nach weiteren, identischen bary. schwelle (Grauwacken) das NSG noch erreicht, wird der rihnlichen standorten erfullt sein, so dass die wohl be_ gepragt. DUnen- rechtigte Hoffnung Norden hin von elster- und saalekaltzeitlichen Sedimenten Die besteht, bei geplanten detaillierteren,'artoezogenen Unter_ ;uchungen weitere felder der Treibsanddecken erreichen hier Hohen bis zu zehn Meter, sind aller- Teilpopulationen zu finden. Dafur spricht auch d"er Einzelfund von GomeRr (1996), dings zumeist durch die militiirische Nutzung stark iiberprdgt. Die Biotopaus- der nach dem dort angegebenen Lebensraum eine erheb- stattung ist insgesamt auRerordentlich vielfiiltig, typisch sind neben zwei FluR- liche Entfernung aufweisen mtiBte. auen v.a. die durch die militiirische Nutzung entstandenen, ausgedehnten Sand- Problematisch trockenrasen, Heiden und (mit fortschreitender Sukzession in weiterer Ausbrei- erscheint gegenwiirtig die fortschreitende sukzession, die auch potentielle Vegetation IERMANN (1998) ars eine tung befindlich) Vorwaldstadien. Als heutige nattirliche der wesenirichen GefdhrdungsursacnenLii oi. Art an_ gibt. Inwieweit sind auRerhalb der FluBauen Uberwiegend verschiedene Ausprigungen eines selbstiindig. eine Ausbreitung uar. Vertajei"ng Lebens_ aumes J". Kiefern-Eichenwaldes anzusehen, im konkreten Fundgebiet von Podisma in typi- mdglich ist, bedarf im konkreten Fall noch der Kliiiung. 6i"t"ng wurden (IFON \in^Anbetrach! geringen popurationsdichte scher Ausprdgung (Melampyro-Quercetum roboris) 1994). ler erwartungsgemdB; vgr. NAD,G 1984) ausschlieBlich bractryptere Individuen gefunden, oiJiisgesamiats wenig nobil gelten Der aktuelle Fundort von Podlsma pedesfrls befindet sich auf einer H6he von ca. (Henunruru 1gg8), obwohl Mnsor.Jet al. (1gg5) immerhin Tagesstre_ cken von 120 m Uber NN inmiften eines ausgedehnten Heidekomplexes und weicht damit uber 5 m fiir Larven und bis uber g m fiir adurte Mdnnchen angeben. \llerdings sind vom Fundort von GOHLERT (1996) ab, der fUr das Einzeltier einen Sandtrocken- die verschiedenen Heidebereiche im Gebiet teilweise durch FluB_ auen mit ihren rasen mit schUtterer Vegetation angibt. lm Bereich des Fundortes befindet sich wtildern und dichte vorwiilder getrennt, die vermuflich nicht (60%), lokal deutet lurchwandert werden die Calluna-Heide gegenwdirtig in einer spaten Optimalphase .(k6nnen). uber gegeben6nfails notwenoige, konkrete sich jedoch bereits die Zerfallsphase
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