DARLING QUARTER (Formerly Darling Walk), DARLING HARBOUR ABORIGINAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION REPORT
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DARLING QUARTER (formerly Darling Walk), DARLING HARBOUR ABORIGINAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION REPORT PREPARED BY JILLIAN COMBER REPORT TO CASEY + LOWE ON BEHALF OF LEND LEASE DATE AUGUST 2012 Comber Consultants has a certified integrated management system to the requirements of ISO 9001:2008 (quality), ISO 14001:2004 (environmental), OHSAS 18001:2007 (OHS) and AS/NZS 4801:2001 (OHS). This is your assurance that Comber Consultants is committed to excellence, quality and best practice and that we are regularly subjected to rigorous, independent assessments to ensure that they comply with stringent Management System Standards. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority (SHFA) propose to redevelop Darling Walk at Darling Harbour. The aim of the redevelopment is to deliver a new commercial development, consistent with the Metropolitan Strategy and the planning objectives for Darling Harbour. The proposed redevelopment of Darling Walk will create a mixed use development that promotes activity throughout the week, public holidays and weekends. Lend Lease Development (Millers Point) are the development proponent who will have designed, . developed and delivered the new commercial office and retail development, which is now known as Darling Quarter. To ensure that the Aboriginal cultural heritage significance of the subject Area is was adversely impacted upon by the proposed redevelopment, Casey & Lowe on behalf of SHFA commissioned an archaeological survey and cultural heritage assessment. That assessment was undertaken in August 2008 (Comber 2008). As a result of that assessment it was recommended that sub‐surface archaeological test excavations be undertaken prior to the redevelopment. Lend Lease commissioned that testing and this report details the results of the testing. The testing was approved under Part 3A of the Environmental Planning & Assessment Act 1979 and undertaken in accordance with the Research Design attached at Appendix A. The testing was undertaken in association with the Metropolitan Local Aboriginal Land Council (MLALC). Traditionally the land had been occupied by the Cadi who spoke a Darug dialect. A midden with ten artefacts was salvaged during the excavations. The evidence indicates that the Cadi gathered shellfish, predominantly Anadara trapezia (Sydney Cockle/Mud Ark), fished and then cooked and ate their food whilst sitting on a sandstone outcrop overlooking the Harbour. The artefacts were predominantly chert and as there does not appear to be a local source of chert, it is highly likely that the raw material was traded with people from west of the Harbour on the Cumberland Plain. It is recommended that interpretation of the midden and the history of the Cadi be included on the redeveloped site. A copy of this report and a site recording form has been sent to the Aboriginal Heritage Information System (AHIMS) and a copy of the report forward to the MLALC. No further archaeological work or actions are required. DARLING QUARTER, DARLING HARBOUR ABORIGINAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION REPORT CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Location and Site Description .................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 Aboriginal History ............................................................................................................................ 6 3.0 Aboriginal Partnership ..................................................................................................................... 8 4.0 Environmental Context .................................................................................................................... 9 4.1 Topography .............................................................................................................................................. 9 4.2 Geology .................................................................................................................................................. 10 4.3 Vegetation .............................................................................................................................................. 10 4.4 Current Land Use and Disturbance ........................................................................................................ 11 5.0 Results ........................................................................................................................................... 14 5.1 Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................. 14 5.2 Excavation .............................................................................................................................................. 14 5.3 Summary of testing and salvage ............................................................................................................ 21 6.0 Midden Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 28 6.1 Criteria .................................................................................................................................................... 28 6.2 Field Procedures ..................................................................................................................................... 29 6.3 Shell Deposit Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 30 6.4 Results .................................................................................................................................................... 32 6.5 Soil Properties ........................................................................................................................................ 32 6.6 Midden Analyses Summary .................................................................................................................... 32 7.0 Artefact Analysis.......................................................................................................................... 334 8.0 Research Design ............................................................................................................................ 43 9.0 Significance Assessment ................................................................................................................ 45 9.1 Preamble ................................................................................................................................................ 45 9.2 Criteria .................................................................................................................................................... 45 9.3 Assessment ............................................................................................................................................ 46 9.4 Statement of Significance ...................................................................................................................... 46 10.0 Summary, Recommendations and Actions ..................................................................................... 47 10.1 Summary.............................................................................................................................................. 46 10.2 Recommendations and Actions........................................................................................................... 46 References ................................................................................................................................................. 49 Appendix A: Research Design .................................................................................................................... 51 Appendix B: Analyses of tree roots by Dr Jugo Ilic ...................................................................................... 73 Appendix C: Excavation Data .................................................................................................................. ...76 Appendix D: Soil report by Roy Lawrie.......................................................................................................83 Appendix E: AHIMS site recording form and site impact form.........................................................................89 ABORIGINAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION REPORT 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background The Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority (SHFA) propose to redevelop Darling Walk at Darling Harbour to deliver a new commercial development consistent with the Metropolitan Strategy and the planning objectives for Darling Harbour. SHFA undertook a tender program to select a party to design, develop and deliver a new commercial office and complimentary retail development at Darling Walk. Lend Lease Development (Millers Point) was the selected development proponent for the redevelopment of Darling Walk. At the completion of the project the Area will be known as Darling Quarter. To ensure that the proposed works do not adversely impact upon any Aboriginal sites or places, Casey + Lowe on behalf of SHFA commissioned Comber Consultants to undertake an archaeological survey and cultural heritage assessment,