DOCSLIB.ORG

258 SOCIAL STATUS of the OLE ROT in the April the Social Status

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
258 SOCIAL STATUS of the OLE ROT in the April the Social Status 258 SOCIAL STATUS OF THE OLE ROT IN THE April The Social Status of the Clergy in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries THBBE has already been much discussion of the passage in which Lord Macaulay some seventy years ago described the social position occupied by the clergy of the church of England in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. He wrote that when the Downloaded from church lost its old wealth and splendour at the Reformation, the sacerdotal office lost its attraction for the higher classes. During the century which followed the accession of Elizabeth scarce a single person of noble descent took Orders. At the close of the reign of Charles II two sons of peers were bishops ; four or five sons of peers were priests, and held http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ valuable preferments; but these rare exceptions did not take away the reproach which lay on the body. The clergy were regarded, on the whole, as a plebeian class ; and, indeed, for one who made the figure of a gentle- man, ten were mere menial servants.1 It was of this passage that Mr. Gladstone wrote: Few portions of his brilliant work have achieved a more successful notoriety. It may perhaps be said to have been stereotyped in the common English at University of California, San Francisco on March 6, 2015 mind. It is, in its general result, highly disparaging, and yet that genera- tion of clergy was, as we conceive, the most powerful and famous in the annals of the English Church. If we do not include yet earlier times, it is from want of record, rather than from fear of comparison.2 Recent historians 8 of the church of England have concurred in Mr. Gladstone's estimate of the general character and ability of the clergy at this time ; but there is still room for an examina- tion of Macaulay's statement. If it were true, it would seriously affect the reputation of the cadet members of noble families at the Reformation period, and the gentry of the succeeding century, who are said to have ceased to aspire to Holy Orders because the emoluments had fallen in value. Equally it would redound to the credit of poorer men that they were content to serve for smaller stipends and in a less exalted sphere. It is, however, greatly exaggerated. The following is a list, admitting of extension, of some near relations of peers who entered Holy Orders during the seventeenth century : Richard Annesley, D.D. (d. 1701), dean of Exeter, 3rd Baron Altham, son of Arthur, earl of Anglesey. George Berkeley, M.A. (d. 1694), rector of Cranford, canon of West- minster, son of George, Baron Berkeley. Robert Booth, B.D. (1662-1730), dean of Bristol, &c., son of Robert, Baron Delamere. 1 Bislory of England, ed. Firth, i. 318. • Review of Trevelyan, Life of Lord Macaulay in Quarterly Review, July 1870, p. 76. 1 Wakeman, History of the Church of England, p. 380. 1922 SEVENTEENTH—EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES 259 George Brereton, M.A., canon of St. Davids, 1672, second son of William, Baron Brereton. Henry Compton, D.D. (1632-1713), bishop of London, sixth son of Spencer, second earl of Northampton. Nathaniel Crewe, D.D. (1633-1721), bishop of Durham, second Baron Crewe of Stene. Samuel Crewe, M.A. (d. 1661), brother of Nathaniel. Henry Fairfax, D.D., canon of York, rector of Bolton Percy (d. 1665), Downloaded from fourth son of Thomas, first Baron Fairfax. John Feilding, D.D., canon of Sarum, chaplain to William HI (d. 1698), son of George, first earl of Desmond. Richard Fiennes, rector of Oakley, grandson of William, first Viscount Saye and Sele, and father of Richard, sixth viscount. http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ Leopold Finch, D.D. (1663-1702), warden of All Souls College, son of Heneage, second earl of Winchilsea. William Graham, D.D. (1656-1713) dean of Carlisle 1686, and Wells 1704, brother of Viscount Preston. Denis Grenville, D.D. (1637-1703), dean of-Durham, son of Sir Bevil Grenville. Anthony Grey, D.D., rector of Aston Flamville, succeeded as earl of Kent, 1639. at University of California, San Francisco on March 6, 2015 James Montagu, D.D. (1568-1618), bishop of Winchester, brother of Edward, Baron Montagu of Boughton. John North, DJD. (1645-83), master of Trinity College and professor of Greek at Cambridge, prebendary of Westminster, fifth son of Dudley, fourth Baron North.1 The lists of incumbents and the matriculation registers of colleges and universities clearly show that men of gentle if not of noble birth continued to seek ordination. Nor was Macaulay right in drawing a sharp line between the clergy of the early sixteenth century and those of the period after the Reformation. The striking instances of display in the earlier period belonged to an age when great position demanded a proportionate magnifi- cence. The lower clergy even then were drawn from plebeian homes, some of them coming of villein parentage; and while influential ecclesiastics were frequently of noble, and sometimes even of royal descent, many, like Wolsey himself, were raised by their abilities from a humble origin. In the later period there is a manifest distinction between the more lucrative and the poorer country cures. The former were held by persons of some eminence, and their rank or com- parative wealth commended them to the upper strata of society, to which, in many cases, they already belonged ; while the small rustic cures could not provide a good living, and, if held by men of position, were regarded as a subsidiary source of income, the duties being discharged by a curate of little note and » See also Churchill Babington, Mr. Macaulay'e-Character of the Clergy, 1849. S2 260 SOCIAL STATUS OF THE CLERGY IN THE April smaller pay. This distinction may be illustrated by reference to the town church of Gillingham, in Dorsetshire, which was held during the latter part of the sixteenth and the whole of the seventeenth centuries by men of note. John Jessop, B.D., who was vicar from 1579 to 1625, was a member of a Dorset county family seated at Chickerell. TTia brother was a physician resident in the town, and their two recumbent effigies, hand Downloaded from clasped in hand, remain in the chancel aisle. Jessop's successor, Edward Davenant, D.D., treasurer of Sarum, was a nephew of Bishop John Davenant, and his daughters married well, Anne to William Ettrick of Wimborne, gentleman, Margaret to George Solme, esquire, and Katherine to Thomas Lamplugh, http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ who was afterwards archbishop of York. The next vicar, John Ward, D.D. (1679-96), was a nephew of Seth Ward, bishop of Sarum. He again was succeeded by John Craig, 1696-1731, a scholar of some repute, who was in residence till 1723, after which year he was represented by a curate, Gilbert Craig, 1724-7, and later by Robert Edgar. All these men were capable of holding their own socially among the neighbouring gentry, by their attain- ments, connexions, and the importance of their ecclesiastical at University of California, San Francisco on March 6, 2015 preferment. Of Craig, who had been collated by Bishop Burnet to the prebendal Stall of Durnford, 1708, and by Bishop Hoadly to that of Gillingham Major, 1726, it is said that he was an inoffensive virtuous man, master of a good Latin style, an excellent mathematician, and esteemed by Sir Isaac Newton. Many years before his death he resided in London, expecting to have been taken notice of for his mathematical abilities, but died there in a mean condition 11th October, 1731 -1 He died intestate, and administration was granted to bis son William, 16 November 1731. Gillingham had several daughter chapelries, and tradition points to William Young, curate of East Stower, as the original of Parson Adams in Fielding's Joseph Andrews. Adams is described as serving four churches at a stipend of £23 per annum, ' with which he could not make any great figure, because he lived in a dear country, and was a little encumbered with wife and six children ' ; and even that position was insecure, as he could not afford to pay for a licence. Though Adams was learned in modern and ancient languages and his constant companion was a manuscript copy of Aeschylus, and though he had a marked sense of his dignity as a priest with cure of souls and was loved and respected by his parishioners, he could not compete socially with Lady Booby, who for his poverty indecently held him up as a laughing-stock to her friends. 1 Hutchina, Dorstt, 3rd ed., iii. 647. 1922 SEVENTEENTH—EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES 261 The country living of Folke, a small village near Sherborne in Dorset, may now be examined. William Hymerford (Hemerford), rector, who died in 1583, belonged to a family seated at East Coker, Somerset, as early as the reign of Richard II, if not earlier, of which a branch was in possession of the manor—or a moiety of the manor—of Folke in the time of Henry VHI, when Henry Hemerford was escheator of Dorset and Somerset; Downloaded from and one of his daughters, Elizabeth, was married to Thomas Molyns, eBquire, of West Hall. The family also intermarried with the Trenchards of Wolveton, Dorset.1 Of his successor Walter Chubb, 1583-1614, nothing is known except that he had been curate to Hemerford, but Abraham http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/ Forrester, 1614-68 (B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, incorporated M.A. Oxford), married as his third wife Mrs. Joane Paulet, widow, and his grandson, born in 1666, married Bridget, daughter of Henry Seymer, esquire, of Hanford.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Choral Evensong with the the Installation of the Revd Rosie Austin the Revd James Grier and the Revd Deborah Parsons As Prebendaries
    Choral Evensong with the The Installation of The Revd Rosie Austin The Revd James Grier and The Revd Deborah Parsons as Prebendaries Sunday 11 October 2020 4pm The Eighteenth Sunday after Trinity Robert Bishop of Exeter Welcome to the Cathedral We at Exeter Cathedral are delighted to host this service of installation for Rosie Austin, James Grier and Deborah Parsons. We welcome them and their families. As members of the College of Canons, they will contribute to the life of the Cathedral and its governance, and promote the mission and service of the Church in the Diocese. As members of the College of Canons, they receive the Cathedral’s annual report and accounts, discuss matters concerning the Cathedral, and give advice or counsel as requested by the Bishop or Chapter. The Cathedral Church of St. Peter in Exeter, founded in 1050, has been the seat (cathedra) of the bishop of Exeter, the symbol of his spiritual and teaching authority, for nearly 1000 years. As such the Cathedral is a centre of worship and mission for the whole of Devon. A centuries-old pattern of daily worship continues, sustained by the best of the Anglican choral tradition. The cathedral is a place of outreach, learning, and spirituality, inviting people into a richer and more engaged discipleship. The Cathedral is a destination for many pilgrims and visitors who come from near and far, drawn by the physical and spiritual heritage of this place. Exeter Cathedral belongs to all the people of Devon, and we warmly welcome you here. COVID-19: Infection Control Face Coverings in the cathedral As of 8 August 2020, wearing face coverings in places of worship is now mandatory.
    [Show full text]
  • Great War Memorial Window
    St James the Less Parish Church West Teignmouth Great War Memorial Window - 2 - Contents Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Preface......................................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 7 From the Teignmouth Post 1920................................................................................................. 8 THE FALLEN (1914-1918) ..................................................................................................... 13 Some Individual Accounts........................................................................................................ 25 William Barge of Teignmouth (O/N J124(Dev)).................................................................. 25 The Hamlyn Family.............................................................................................................. 27 The West Family in 1915...................................................................................................... 28 Charles Young ...................................................................................................................... 30 100 years on - Memorial Service 2014..................................................................................... 31 The Memorial
    [Show full text]
  • Patronage, Performance, and Reputation in the Eighteenth-Century Church
    PATRONAGE, PERFORMANCE, AND REPUTATION IN THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY CHURCH DANIEL REED OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the award of Doctor of Philosophy in History SEPTEMBER 2019 1 Lancelot Blackburne, Archbishop of York. After unknown artist. Mezzotint, sold by Thomas Bakewell. 1724 or after. Private collection of Daniel Reed. 2 For Freya 3 Abstract The perceived success of the revisionist programme in dissipating the ‘longest shadow in modern historiography’ calls into question the ongoing relevance of ‘optimistic’ versus ‘pessimistic’ interpretations of the Church of England in the long eighteenth century. And yet, the case of Lancelot Blackburne, Archbishop of York (1724-1743), has not benefitted from the ‘revisionist turn’ and represents an unparalleled problem in accounts of the Georgian episcopate. Whilst Benjamin Hoadly has been the most maligned bishop of the period for his theology, Blackburne is the most derided for his personal imperfections and supposed negligence of his episcopal duties. These references are often pernicious and euphemistic, manifesting in several quasi-apocryphal tales. The most regularly occurring being accounts of Blackburne’s lasciviousness, speculation over the paternity of his chaplain Thomas Hayter, and the Archbishop’s association with piracy. As long as these bastions of resistance to revisionism remain, negative assumptions will linger on in contemporary studies of the Church, regardless of whether they are reframed by current trends. As such, this thesis utilises under-explored archival sources to reorient Blackburne’s case to its historical context. This is achieved through an exploration of the inter-connected themes of patronage, performance, and reputation.
    [Show full text]
  • Episcopal Tombs in Early Modern England
    Jnl of Ecclesiastical History, Vol. 55, No. 4, October 2004. f 2004 Cambridge University Press 654 DOI: 10.1017/S0022046904001502 Printed in the United Kingdom Episcopal Tombs in Early Modern England by PETER SHERLOCK The Reformation simultaneously transformed the identity and role of bishops in the Church of England, and the function of monuments to the dead. This article considers the extent to which tombs of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century bishops represented a set of episcopal ideals distinct from those conveyed by the monuments of earlier bishops on the one hand and contemporary laity and clergy on the other. It argues that in death bishops were increasingly undifferentiated from other groups such as the gentry in the dress, posture, location and inscriptions of their monuments. As a result of the inherent tension between tradition and reform which surrounded both bishops and tombs, episcopal monuments were unsuccessful as a means of enhancing the status or preserving the memory and teachings of their subjects in the wake of the Reformation. etween 1400 and 1700, some 466 bishops held office in England and Wales, for anything from a few months to several decades.1 The B majority died peacefully in their beds, some fading into relative obscurity. Others, such as Richard Scrope, Thomas Cranmer and William Laud, were executed for treason or burned for heresy in one reign yet became revered as saints, heroes or martyrs in another. Throughout these three centuries bishops played key roles in the politics of both Church and PRO=Public Record Office; TNA=The National Archives I would like to thank Craig D’Alton, Felicity Heal, Clive Holmes, Ralph Houlbrooke, Judith Maltby, Keith Thomas and the anonymous reader for this JOURNAL for their comments on this article.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anglophone Toponyms Associated with John Smith's <I
    names, Vol. 57 No. 4, December, 2009, 189–207 The Anglophone Toponyms Associated with John Smith’s Description and Map of New England Matthew H Edney University of Southern Maine, USA This article clarifies a well-known but hitherto unexamined phenomenon: the Anglophone toponyms imposed on Captain John Smith’s map, New England ([1617]). It explains names that are otherwise obscure to modern historians and geographers, it considers the pattern of the new toponyms, and it allocates responsibility for the names not only to the future Charles I but also to Smith himself. It also lists the indigenous place and polity names recorded by Smith in his Description of New England (1616). It concludes with a cautionary tale concerning historiographic presumptions about the map’s efficacy in shaping the adoption of toponyms by subsequent English colonists. keywords Captain John Smith, Charles I (Great Britain), New England, Cartography, Colonization, Promotional propaganda Introduction Captain John Smith’s map New England (Figure 1) has long been famous for the manner in which its Anglophone toponyms were selected by the then fourteen-year- old future Charles I (Edney, 2010). Smith had developed the idea of a colony in 1614 when he had voyaged quickly down the east coast of northern Virginia from Mt Desert Island to Cape Cod; he called this putative colony New England by analogy to the Nova Albion previously declared by Sir Francis Drake on the west coast of North America. To promote this colony, he prepared both New England and a letterpress pamphlet, A Description of New England (Smith, 1616: 3).
    [Show full text]
  • Church and People in Interregnum Britain
    Downloaded from the Humanities Digital Library http://www.humanities-digital-library.org Open Access books made available by the School of Advanced Study, University of London Press ***** Publication details: Church and People in Interregnum Britain Edited by Fiona McCall https://humanities-digital-library.org/index.php/hdl/catalog/book/ church-and-people-in-interregnum-britain DOI: 10.14296/2106.9781912702664 ***** This edition published in 2021 by UNIVERSITY OF LONDON PRESS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU, United Kingdom ISBN 978-1-912702-66-4 (PDF edition) This work is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses Church and people in interregnum Britain New Historical Perspectives is a book series for early career scholars within the UK and the Republic of Ireland. Books in the series are overseen by an expert editorial board to ensure the highest standards of peer-reviewed scholarship. Commissioning and editing is undertaken by the Royal Historical Society, and the series is published under the imprint of the Institute of Historical Research by the University of London Press. The series is supported by the Economic History Society and the Past and Present Society. Series co-editors: Heather Shore (Manchester Metropolitan University) and Elizabeth Hurren (University of Leicester) Founding co-editors: Simon Newman (University
    [Show full text]
  • Timeline1800 18001600
    TIMELINE1800 18001600 Date York Date Britain Date Rest of World 8000BCE Sharpened stone heads used as axes, spears and arrows. 7000BCE Walls in Jericho built. 6100BCE North Atlantic Ocean – Tsunami. 6000BCE Dry farming developed in Mesopotamian hills. - 4000BCE Tigris-Euphrates planes colonized. - 3000BCE Farming communities spread from south-east to northwest Europe. 5000BCE 4000BCE 3900BCE 3800BCE 3760BCE Dynastic conflicts in Upper and Lower Egypt. The first metal tools commonly used in agriculture (rakes, digging blades and ploughs) used as weapons by slaves and peasant ‘infantry’ – first mass usage of expendable foot soldiers. 3700BCE 3600BCE © PastSearch2012 - T i m e l i n e Page 1 Date York Date Britain Date Rest of World 3500BCE King Menes the Fighter is victorious in Nile conflicts, establishes ruling dynasties. Blast furnace used for smelting bronze used in Bohemia. Sumerian civilization developed in south-east of Tigris-Euphrates river area, Akkadian civilization developed in north-west area – continual warfare. 3400BCE 3300BCE 3200BCE 3100BCE 3000BCE Bronze Age begins in Greece and China. Egyptian military civilization developed. Composite re-curved bows being used. In Mesopotamia, helmets made of copper-arsenic bronze with padded linings. Gilgamesh, king of Uruk, first to use iron for weapons. Sage Kings in China refine use of bamboo weaponry. 2900BCE 2800BCE Sumer city-states unite for first time. 2700BCE Palestine invaded and occupied by Egyptian infantry and cavalry after Palestinian attacks on trade caravans in Sinai. 2600BCE 2500BCE Harrapan civilization developed in Indian valley. Copper, used for mace heads, found in Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine and Egypt. Sumerians make helmets, spearheads and axe blades from bronze.
    [Show full text]
  • York Minster Conservation Management Plan 2021
    CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN VOL. 2 GAZETTEERS DRAFT APRIL 2021 Alan Baxter YORK MINSTER CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN VOL. 2 GAZETTEERS PREPARED FOR THE CHAPTER OF YORK DRAFT APRIL 2021 HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT This document is designed to be viewed digitally using a number of interactive features to aid navigation. These features include bookmarks (in the left-hand panel), hyperlinks (identified by blue text) to cross reference between sections, and interactive plans at the beginning of Vol III, the Gazetteers, which areAPRIL used to locate individual 2021 gazetteer entries. DRAFT It can be useful to load a ‘previous view’ button in the pdf reader software in order to retrace steps having followed a hyperlink. To load the previous view button in Adobe Acrobat X go to View/Show/ Hide/Toolbar Items/Page Navigation/Show All Page Navigation Tools. The ‘previous view’ button is a blue circle with a white arrow pointing left. York Minster CMP / April 2021 DRAFT Alan Baxter CONTENTS CONTENTS Introduction to the Gazetteers ................................................................................................ i Exterior .................................................................................................................................... 1 01: West Towers and West Front ................................................................................. 1 02: Nave north elevation ............................................................................................... 7 03: North Transept elevations....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2017-October-Cathedral-News-1.Pdf
    Cathedral News October 2017 – No. 667 From the Acting Dean On the 31 October 1517, Martin Luther published his 95 theses in the German town of Wittenberg. His action is regarded as the start of the Reformation period across Europe. During the early part of the 15th century, many in the Catholic Church began criticising its activities. Luther was a leader of that movement, insisting that every Christian had a direct relationship with God. There was no need of the large superstructure of the Catholic Church to administer the grace of God; it was wrong to think that salvation was achieved through good works or the buying of ‘indulgences’. Salvation was God’s to give freely to those who accepted, and put their faith, in Jesus Christ. An understanding of God comes directly from the Bible, not the institutional church, so the Bible should be accessible to everyone by translating it into their native language. The ripple effect of the changes started by this debate, initiated by Luther continues to this day. The Reformation removed much of the role of the church as an autonomous and secular power. Many areas of welfare provision were taken over by the secular state. The Bible in England was translated from Latin, and the Prayer Book created. There was considerable resistance to the requirement to use English in worship. In the West Country, some Cornish and Devonians rose up in protest. They were brutally repressed. Luther’s theses, written in Latin, were quickly translated into German. Then, thanks to the invention of the printing press, they were widely distributed, and a social movement for radical change based on the Bible began, which has lasted in different forms ever since.
    [Show full text]
  • Manuscripts Collected by Thomas Birch (B. 1705, D. 1766)
    British Library: Western Manuscripts Manuscripts collected by Thomas Birch (b. 1705, d. 1766), D.D., and bequeathed by him to the British Museum, of which he was a Trustee from 1753 until his death ([1200-1799]) (Add MS 4101-4478) Table of Contents Manuscripts collected by Thomas Birch (b. 1705, d. 1766), D.D., and bequeathed by him to the British Museum, of which he was a Trustee from 1753 until his death ([1200–1799]) Key Details........................................................................................................................................ 1 Provenance........................................................................................................................................ 1 Add MS 4106–4107 TRANSCRIPTS OF STATE PAPERS and letters from public and private collections, made by or for Birch, together with.................................................................................... 8 Add MS 4109–4124 ANTHONY BACON TRANSCRIPTS.Transcripts and extracts of the correspondence of Anthony Bacon (d. 1601), chiefly in..................................................................................................... 19 Add MS 4128–4130 ESSEX (DEVEREUX) PAPERSTranscripts of original letters and papers in the British Museum, Lambeth Palace Library,............................................................................................. 32 Add MS 4133–4146 FORBES PAPERS. Vols. II–XV.4133–4146. Collections of Dr. Patrick Forbes, consisting of lists, copies, etc., of.......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Durham E-Theses
    Durham E-Theses The constitution and the clergy op Beverley minster in the middle ages McDermid, R. T. W. How to cite: McDermid, R. T. W. (1980) The constitution and the clergy op Beverley minster in the middle ages, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7616/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk II BEVERIEY MINSTER FROM THE SOUTH Three main phases of building are visible: from the East End up to, and including, the main transepts, thirteenth century (commenced c.1230); the nave, fourteenth century (commenced 1308); the West Front, first half of the fifteenth century. The whole was thus complete by 1450. iPBE CONSTIOOTION AED THE CLERGY OP BEVERLEY MINSTER IN THE MIDDLE AGES. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be pubHshed without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • William Peckitt's Great West Window at Exeter Cathedral
    WILLIAM PECKITT’S GREAT WEST WINDOW AT EXETER CATHEDRAL C S Atkinson A thesis submitted to the University of Plymouth In partial fulfilment for the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY October 2011 i Copyright This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author’s prior consent. All photographs are by the author, unless otherwise stated All quotations, pictures and images have been utilised under the Fair Dealing for review principle of the UK Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988. Additionally, every attempt has been made to identify and obtain direct permission to use pictures and images that are not my own property. ii Abstract This thesis examines the Great West Window at Exeter Cathedral designed by William Peckitt of York (1731-95). Peckitt was arguably the most important glass designer of the eighteenth century and undertook prestigious commissions at York, Oxford and elsewhere. In 1764 he was contracted by the Dean of Exeter, Jeremiah Milles, to supply glass to complete the restoration of the Cathedral’s glazing and to make the new window, which has often been considered to be his masterpiece. Peckitt’s Great West Window is no longer extant (although portions of it have been salvaged), having been replaced in 1904 with a window, designed by Messrs Burlison and Grylls, which was itself destroyed by enemy action in 1942. The Burlison and Grylls window was more in keeping with the Gothic revival aesthetic typical of the later nineteenth century and its proponents had argued forcefully that Peckitt’s Great West Window was an aberration that needed to be removed.
    [Show full text]