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Introduction to Fugitive Emissions Monitoring

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Introduction to Fugitive Emissions Monitoring Environmental Programs Introduction to Fugitive Emissions Monitoring _. Self-Instructional Manual APTI Course SI: 380 First Edition Author JerryWinberry, EnviroTech Solutions Instructional Designer William Cowen, NorthCarolinaStateUniversity Developed by North Carolina State University EPA Cooperative Assistance Agreement CT-825724 i 1.0-2/00 This project has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Assistance Agreement CT-825724 to North Carolina State University. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. © 2000 North Carolina State University All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. Printed on recycled paper in the United States of America. ii 1.0-2/00 Introduction to Fugitive Emissions Monitoring Contents Figures ...................................................................................................................................... vi Course Description .................................................................................................................. vii Lesson 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 1-1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1-1 Sources of Air Pollution ....................................................................................................... 1-1 What Are Fugitive Emissions? ............................................................................................. 1-2 What Equipment is Regulated? ............................................................................................. 1-3 What Source Categories Are Regulated? .............................................................................. 1-3 The Need For Regulation ...................................................................................................... 13 How Are Fugitive Emissions Detected and Controlled? ...................................................... 1-5 The LDAR Inspection Program .......................................................................... .............. 1-5 Lesson 1 - Self-Test ...................................................... :..................................................... 1-6 Lesson 1 - Self-Test Answers ............................................................................................... 1-7 Lesson 2 ...................................................................................................................................... 2-1 Regulations Affecting Fugitive Emission Monitoring .............................................................. 2-1 Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 2-1 Fugitive VOC regulations ..................................................................................................... 22 Philosophical timeline ......................................................................................................... 2-2 A short history of the passage of the CAAA of 1990 ....................................................... 2-3 The effects of Title I and Title III ..................................................................................... 2-4 Equipment leaks regulations under NSPS (40CFR 60) .................................................... 2-4 Subpart VV: Synthetic Organic Chemicals Manufacturing Industry (SOCM[) ........... 2-5 Subpart GGG: Petroleum refineries .............................................................................. 2-6 Subpart KKK: Onshore natural gas processing ............................................................. 2-6 Subpart DDD: Polymer manufacturing plants .............................................................. 2-6 Equipment leaks regulations under NESHAP (40CFR 61) .............................................. 2-7 Subpart F: Vinyl Chloride (40CFR61) ......................................................................... 2-8 Subpart J: Benzene (40CFR61) .................................................................................... 2-8 Subpart V: Fugitive Emission Sources (40CFR61) ...................................................... 2-8 Subpart F (40CFR63) .................................................................................................. 2-10 Subpart G (40CFR63) ................................................................................................. 2-10 Subpart H (40CFR63) ................................................................................................. 2-10 Subpart I (40CFR63) ................................................................................................... 2-I 1 Equipment covered by HON ....................................................................................... 2-I 1 Regulation considerations ................................................................................................... 2-1 Leak detection and repair program ................................................................................. 2-12 1.0-2/00 iii Quality Improvement Program (Q/P) ............................................................................. 2-12 Lesson 2 - Self-Test .......................................................................................................... 2-14 Lesson 2 - Self-Test Answers ............................................................................................. 2-15 Lesson 3 ...................................................................................................................................... 3-1 Fugitive VOC Emission Properties ........................................................................................... 3-1 Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 3-1 Classification of Air Pollutants ............................................................................................. 3t_ Regulated Pollutants ......................................................................................................... 32: VOC Categories ................................................................................................................ _2 Regulatory Definitions ........................................................................................................ 3-2 Lesson 3 - Self-Test ............................................................................................................ 3-3 Lesson 3 - Self-Test Answers ............................................................................................... 3-4 Lesson 4 ...................................................................................................................................... 4-1 Fugitive Emission Sources ............................................................................................ .......... 4-1 Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 4-1 Major leaking components .................................................................................................... 4-1 Flanges and connectors ..................................................................................................... 4-2 Valves ............................................................................................................................. 4-3 Pumps ......................................................... :.................................................................... 44 Compressors .................................................................................................................... 4-5 Pressure Relief Devices .................................................................................................... 4-6 Agitators .......................................................................................................................... 4-6 Lesson 4 Self-Test .............................................................................................................. 4-9 Lesson 4 Self-Test Answers ............................................................................................... 4-10 Lesson 5 ...................................................................................................................................... 5-1 Federal Reference Method 21 ................................................................................................... _ 1 Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 5-1 Portable VOC Analyzers ............................................ J.......................................................... 51_ I. Monitor Response ......................................................................................................... 5-3 2. Measurement Range ...................................................................................................... 5-4 3. Scale Resolution .......................................................................................................... 5-4 4. Response
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