0115 Date: March 2002 Revision: May 2011 DOT Number: UN 2683
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Phosphine and Ammonia Photochemistry in Jupiter's
40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2009) 1201.pdf PHOSPHINE AND AMMONIA PHOTOCHEMISTRY IN JUPITER’S TROPOSPHERE. C. Visscher1, A. D. Sperier2, J. I. Moses1, and T.C. Keane3. 1Lunar and Planetary Institute, USRA, 3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX 77058-1113 2Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, 3Department of Chemistry and Physics, The Sage Colleges, Troy, NY 12180, ([email protected], [email protected]) Introduction: The last comprehensive photo- tions involving the amino radical (NH2) play a larger chemical model for Jupiter’s troposphere was pre- role. We note that this is the first photochemical sented by Edgington et al. [1,2], based upon the work model to include P2H as an intermediate species in PH3 of Atreya et al. [3] and Kaye and Strobel [4-6]. Since photolysis. The equivalent N2Hx species are believed these early studies, numerous laboratory experiments to be important in the combustion chemistry of nitro- have led to an improvement in our understanding of gen compounds [15]. PH3, NH3-PH3, and NH3-C2H2 photochemistry [7-13]. Furthermore, recent Galileo, Cassini, and Earth-based observations have better defined the abundance of key atmospheric constituents as a function of altitude and latitude in Jupiter’s troposphere. These new results provide an opportunity to test and improve theoretical models of Jovian atmospheric chemistry. We have therefore developed a photochemical model for Jupi- ter’s troposphere considering the updated experimental and observational constraints. Using the Caltech/JPL KINETICS code [14] for our photochemical models, our basic approach is two- fold. The validity of our selected chemical reaction list is first tested by simulating the laboratory experiments of PH3, NH3-PH3, and NH3-C2H2 photolysis with pho- tochemical “box” models. -
Advanced Treatment Processes for Hydrogen Sulfide
Removing the Stink: Advanced Treatment Processes for Hydrogen Sulfide Clayton Johnson, Christine Owen, Luke Mulford, Shahnawaz Sinha, Zaid Chowdhury, Andre Dieffenthaller, and Andrew Coleman ampa Bay Water supplies drinking The final alternative under considera- water to more than 2 million people in tion is biological oxidation followed by chlo- Clayton Johnson is a project engineer in Tthe greater Tampa Bay and adjacent rination and ultrafiltration following biolog- the Tampa office of the environmental areas. Approximately 60 percent of its source ical oxidation prior to distribution. engineering firm Malcolm Pirnie Inc. water comes from groundwater supplies. This article will discuss preliminary Christine Owen is a water quality assur- ance officer with Tampa Bay Water. Luke Groundwater in some portions of the region findings of this ongoing pilot study, including Mulford is a water quality engineer with has a moderate amount (about 2 mg/L as operational variables and effectiveness of the Hillsborough County Water Resource total sulfides) of hydrogen sulfide. Tampa Bay proposed treatment processes for hydrogen Services. Shahnawaz Sinha is a project Water currently provides water to a water sulfide removal. As many Florida utilities are engineer with Malcolm Pirnie in Phoenix, treatment facility that utilizes aeration fol- faced with the challenge of removing hydro- Arizona. Zaid Chowdhury is a senior lowed by biological oxidation to remove gen sulfide from their groundwater, prelimi- associate with Malcolm Pirnie in Phoenix. hydrogen sulfide. nary results of this study will be broadly Andre Dieffenthaller is a senior associate This combined practice (Figure 1) is applicable. Results from this study will pro- with Malcolm Pirnie in Schaumburg, effective, but there are occasional reductions in vide useful information to water utilities that Illinois. -
Ammonia As a Refrigerant
1791 Tullie Circle, NE. Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2305, USA www.ashrae.org ASHRAE Position Document on Ammonia as a Refrigerant Approved by ASHRAE Board of Directors February 1, 2017 Expires February 1, 2020 ASHRAE S H A P I N G T O M O R R O W ’ S B U I L T E N V I R O N M E N T T O D A Y © 2017 ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE’s prior written permission. COMMITTEE ROSTER The ASHRAE Position Document on “Ammonia as a Refrigerant” was developed by the Society’s Refrigeration Committee. Position Document Committee formed on January 8, 2016 with Dave Rule as its chair. Dave Rule, Chair Georgi Kazachki IIAR Dayton Phoenix Group Alexandria, VA, USA Dayton, OH, USA Ray Cole Richard Royal Axiom Engineers, Inc. Walmart Monterey, CA, USA Bentonville, Arkansas, USA Dan Dettmers Greg Scrivener IRC, University of Wisconsin Cold Dynamics Madison, WI, USA Meadow Lake, SK, Canada Derek Hamilton Azane Inc. San Francisco, CA, USA Other contributors: M. Kent Anderson Caleb Nelson Consultant Azane, Inc. Bethesda, MD, USA Missoula, MT, USA Cognizant Committees The chairperson of Refrigerant Committee also served as ex-officio members: Karim Amrane REF Committee AHRI Bethesda, MD, USA i © 2017 ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE’s prior written permission. HISTORY of REVISION / REAFFIRMATION / WITHDRAWAL -
Safer Cocktail for an Ethanol/Water/Ammonia Solvent
L A S C P LSC in Practice C P O C L Safer Cocktail for an Ethanol/Water/ K T I A I C Ammonia Solvent Mixture L S A Problem T A laboratory had been under pressure to move towards Using this mixture, the sample uptake capacity of I the newer generation of safer liquid scintillation ULTIMA-Flo AP, ULTIMA-Flo M and ULTIMA Gold O cocktails. Unfortunately, the sample composition of LLT (PerkinElmer 6013599, 6013579 and 6013377, one of their targets kept giving the researchers problems. respectively) at 20 °C was determined and N Before the lead researcher contacted PerkinElmer, the results were: they had tried PerkinElmer’s Opti-Fluor®, ULTIMA ULTIMA-Flo AP 4.00 mL in 10 mL cocktail N Gold LLT, and ULTIMA Gold XR. All of the safer O ™ ULTIMA-Flo M 4.25 mL in 10 mL cocktail cocktails could incorporate each of the constituents T as indicated by their sample capacity graphs. ULTIMA Gold LLT 4.25 mL in 10 mL cocktail E The problematic sample was an extraction solvent From these results, we observed that it was possible consisting of 900 mL ethanol, 50 mL ammonium to get 4.0 mL of the sample into all of these cocktails. hydroxide, 500 mL water and an enzyme containing In addition, we determined that it was not possible to 14C. The mixture had a pH in the range of 10 to 11. get 4 mL sample into 7 mL of any of these cocktails. To complete this work, we also checked for lumines- Discussion cence using 4 mL of sample in 10 mL of each cocktail. -
Improving the Efficiency of Ammonia Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production
Improving The Efficiency Of Ammonia Electrolysis For Hydrogen Production A dissertation presented to the faculty of the Russ College of Engineering and Technology of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Ramasamy Palaniappan December 2013 © 2013 Ramasamy Palaniappan. All Rights Reserved. 2 This dissertation titled Improving the Efficiency of Ammonia Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production by RAMASAMY PALANIAPPAN has been approved for the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and the Russ College of Engineering and Technology by Gerardine G. Botte Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Dennis Irwin Dean, Russ College of Engineering and Technology 3 ABSTRACT PALANIAPPAN, RAMASAMY, Ph.D., December 2013, Chemical Engineering Improving the Efficiency of Ammonia Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production Director of Dissertation: Gerardine G. Botte Given the abundance of ammonia in domestic and industrial wastes, ammonia electrolysis is a promising technology for remediation and distributed power generation in a clean and safe manner. Efficiency has been identified as one of the key issues that require improvement in order for the technology to enter the market phase. Therefore, this research was performed with the aim of improving the efficiency of hydrogen production by finding alternative materials for the cathode and electrolyte. 1. In the presence of ammonia the activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) followed the trend Rh>Pt>Ru>Ni. The addition of ammonia resulted in lower rates for HER for Pt, Ru, and Ni, which have been attributed to competition from the ammonia adsorption reaction. 2. The addition of ammonia offers insight into the role of metal-hydrogen underpotential deposition (M-Hupd) on HER kinetics. -
Platinum-Group Elements and Gold in Sulfide Melts from Modern Arc Basalt (Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka)
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The Australian National University ÔØ ÅÒÙ×Ö ÔØ Platinum-group elements and gold in sulfide melts from modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka) M. Zelenski, V.S. Kamenetsky, J.A. Mavrogenes, L.V. Danyushevsky, D. Matveev, A.A. Gurenko PII: S0024-4937(17)30290-6 DOI: doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2017.08.012 Reference: LITHOS 4395 To appear in: LITHOS Received date: 30 May 2017 Accepted date: 21 August 2017 Please cite this article as: Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V.S., Mavrogenes, J.A., Danyu- shevsky, L.V., Matveev, D., Gurenko, A.A., Platinum-group elements and gold in sul- fide melts from modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka), LITHOS (2017), doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2017.08.012 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Platinum-group elements and gold in sulfide melts from modern arc basalt (Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka) M. Zelenski a, V.S. Kamenetsky a,b,*, J.A. Mavrogenes c, L.V. Danyushevsky b, D. Matveev d, A.A. Gurenko e a Institute of Experimental Mineralogy RAS, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia b Earth Sciences and CODES, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 79, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia c Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia d Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia e Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), UMR 7358, Université de Lorraine, 54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France * Corresponding author. -
Cellulosic Ethanol Production Via Aqueous Ammonia Soaking Pretreatment and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Asli Isci Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2008 Cellulosic ethanol production via aqueous ammonia soaking pretreatment and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation Asli Isci Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Isci, Asli, "Cellulosic ethanol production via aqueous ammonia soaking pretreatment and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation" (2008). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 15695. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15695 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cellulosic ethanol production via aqueous ammonia soaking pretreatment and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation by Asli Isci A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Co-majors: Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering; Biorenewable Resources and Technology Program of Study Committee: Robert P. Anex, Major Professor D. Raj Raman Anthony L. Pometto III. Kenneth J. Moore Robert C. Brown Iowa State University Ames, Iowa -
The Determination of Sulfate and Sulfide Sulfur in Rocks Or Minerals
The Determination of Sulfate and Sulfide Sulfur in Rocks or Minerals By ANGELINA C. VLISIDIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1214-D UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1966 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 15 cents (paper cover) CONTENTS Page Abstract_____--__-___-_______-__---____,__-_-__-_---_-_______-_- Dl Introduction. ______________________________________________________ 1 Preparations. _________._.-.__-_-.__.._-_---__----.________._.._____ 2 Standard samples____________________________________________ 2 Reagents. _______________.-_-___-____-__-_-__-_-___-_______-_- 2 Procedure._______________________________________________________ 2 Results__ __________-______-_____----__--_--_----_-_-_-___-___--_ 3 References.._ _____________________________________________________ 5 TABLE Page TABLE 1. Results of sulfide and sulfate sulfur analyses in which varying amounts of a sulfate standard were added to sulfide minerals.. _ D4 m 209-517 66 CONTRIBUTIONS TO GEOCHEMISTRY THE DETERMINATION OF SULFATE AND SULFIDE SULFUR IN ROCKS OR MINERALS By ANGELINA C. VLISEDIS , ABSTRACT A method for the determination of sulfate and sulfide sulfur that occur together in rocks or minerals is presented. All the sulfate sulfur is converted to barium sulfate in an inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation of any sulfide sulfur. Cadmium chloride is added to precipitate any sulfide ion that may be liberated. The sulfate sulfur is then measured indirectly by the determination of the barium and is therefore unaffected by any. subsequent oxidation of the sulfide sulfur. -
Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures
energies Article Algorithmic Analysis of Chemical Dynamics of the Autoignition of NH3–H2O2/Air Mixtures Ahmed T. Khalil 1,2, Dimitris M. Manias 3, Efstathios-Al. Tingas 4, Dimitrios C. Kyritsis 1,2,* and Dimitris A. Goussis 1,2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE; [email protected] (A.T.K.); [email protected] (D.A.G.) 2 Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and H2 (RICH), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE 3 Department of Mechanics, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 157 73 Athens, Greece; [email protected] 4 Perth College, University of the Highlands and Islands, (UHI), Perth PH1 2NX, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 September 2019; Accepted: 7 October 2019; Published: 21 November 2019 Abstract: The dynamics of a homogeneous adiabatic autoignition of an ammonia/air mixture at constant volume was studied, using the algorithmic tools of Computational Singular Perturbation. Since ammonia combustion is characterized by both unrealistically long ignition delays and elevated NOx emissions, the time frame of action of the modes that are responsible for ignition was analyzed by calculating the developing time scales throughout the process and by studying their possible relation to NOx emissions. The reactions that support or oppose the explosive time scale were identified, along with the variables that are related the most to the dynamics that drive the system to an explosion. -
Common Name: SELENIUM SULFIDE HAZARD SUMMARY
Common Name: SELENIUM SULFIDE CAS Number: 7446-34-6 RTK Substance number: 1653 DOT Number: UN 2657 Date: October 1995 Revision: October 2001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY * Selenium Sulfide can affect you when breathed in and by * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health passing through your skin. problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational * Selenium Sulfide should be handled as a CARCINOGEN- diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. -WITH EXTREME CAUTION. * Contact can irritate the eyes with possible eye damage. WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS * Breathing Selenium Sulfide can irritate the nose and The following exposure limits are for Selenium compounds throat. (measured as Selenium): * High exposure may cause headache, nausea, vomiting, garlic odor of the breath, metallic taste and coated tongue. OSHA: The legal airborne permissible exposure limit * Repeated exposure can cause pallor, nervousness and (PEL) is 0.2 mg/m3 averaged over an 8-hour mood changes. workshift. * Selenium Sulfide may damage the liver and kidneys. NIOSH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is IDENTIFICATION 0.2 mg/m3 averaged over a 10-hour workshift. Selenium Sulfide is a bright orange powder. It is used in medicated shampoos. ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 3 0.2 mg/m averaged over an 8-hour workshift. REASON FOR CITATION * Selenium Sulfide is on the Hazardous Substance List * Selenium Sulfide may be a CARCINOGEN in humans. because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, There may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so DOT, NIOSH, NTP, DEP, HHAG and EPA. all contact should be reduced to the lowest possible level. -
Hydrogen Sulfide Public Health Statement
PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT Hydrogen Sulfide Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences December 2016 This Public Health Statement summarizes what is known about hydrogen sulfide such as possible health effects from exposure and what you can do to limit exposure. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) identifies the most serious hazardous waste sites in the nation. These sites make up the National Priorities List (NPL) and are sites targeted for long-term federal clean-up activities. U.S. EPA has found hydrogen sulfide in at least 34 of the 1,832 current or former NPL sites. The total number of NPL sites evaluated for hydrogen sulfide is not known. But the possibility remains that as more sites are evaluated, the sites at which hydrogen sulfide is found may increase. This information is important because these future sites may be sources of exposure, and exposure to hydrogen sulfide may be harmful. If you are exposed to hydrogen sulfide, many factors determine whether you’ll be harmed. These include how much you are exposed to (dose), how long you are exposed (duration), and how you are exposed (route of exposure). You must also consider the other chemicals you are exposed to and your age, sex, diet, family traits, lifestyle, and state of health. WHAT IS HYDROGEN SULFIDE? Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a flammable, colorless gas that smells like rotten eggs. People usually can smell hydrogen sulfide at low concentrations in air, ranging from 0.0005 to 0.3 parts hydrogen sulfide per million parts of air (ppm). At high concentrations, a person might lose their ability to smell it. -
Kinetics of the Ozonation of Dimethyl Sulfide in the Gas Phase
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1973 Kinetics of the ozonation of dimethyl sulfide in the gas phase Robert John Moody The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Moody, Robert John, "Kinetics of the ozonation of dimethyl sulfide in the gas phase" (1973). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 8125. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/8125 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KINETICS OF THE OZONATION OF DIMETHYL SOLFIDB IN THE GAS PHASE by Robert J, Moody B.S., University of Montana, 1968 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1973 Approved by: Chairman, Board of Examiners Deanf 'Graduait Schoo Date 7 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: EP38926 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.