Horn River Basin Aquifer Characterization Project
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Helium in Northeastern British Columbia
HELIUM IN NORTHEASTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA Elizabeth G. Johnson1 ABSTRACT Global demand for helium is increasing at a time when world reserves are in decline. The price of grade A helium has quadrupled in the past 12 years. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing can be used to capture helium as a value-added byproduct at concentrations as low as 0.04% by volume. The Slave Point, Jean Marie (Redknife) and Wabamun formations of northeastern British Columbia preferentially have helium associated with many of their natural gas pools. The mechanism for this accumulation appears to be flow in hydrothermal brines from helium-enriched basement granitic rocks along deeply seated faults. Separately, the Evie member of the Horn River Formation also has anomalous helium accumulation in its shale gas related to uranium decay in organic-rich shales. Johnson, E.G. (2012): Helium in northeastern British Columbia; in Geoscience Reports 2013, British Columbia Ministry of Natural Gas Development, pages 45–52. 1Geoscience and Strategic Initiatives Branch, British Columbia Ministry of Natural Gas Development, Victoria, British Columbia; [email protected] Key Words: Helium, LNG, Jean Marie, Slave Point, Wabamun, Evie, Horn River Formation INTRODUCTION optical fibre technology (8% of global use; Peterson and Madrid, 2012; Anonymous, 2012). Helium is a nonrenewable resource that has developed In recognition of its strategic value, the United States important strategic value. Helium (atomic number of 2) ex- 4 created the Federal Helium Reserve in the Bush Dome Res- ists primarily as the stable isotope, He, which is produced ervoir, Texas, in 1925. The primary source for the Federal on the earth through alpha decay of radioactive elements Helium Reserve is the world-class Hugoton Reservoir in such as uranium and thorium. -
Pa 62-15.Pdf
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA CANADA PAPER 62-15 MIDDLE DEVONIAN AND OLDER PALAEOZOIC FORMATIONS OF SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF MACKENZIE AND ADJACENT AREAS B y Helen R. Belyea and A. W. Norris DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND TECHNICAL SURVEYS CANADA CONTENTS Page Introduction. • . • . • • . • • . • • . • • 1 Ordovician and older(?) . • . • . • • • • • . • . • 1 Old Fort Island Formation........................... 2 Mirage Point Formation ...•...•..•. ,................ 2 Pre-Chinchaga beds . • • • . • • . • . • • • • . • . • • . • 3 Middle Devonian • . • . • . • • . • . • . • . • • . • 3 Chinchaga Formation ..•.•.••.•........•.•••••. • . • • • 3 Keg River Formation . • . • . • . • . • . • • • . 4 Muskeg Formation.................................. 5 Pine Point Formation................. .............. 5 Lonely Bay Formation • . • • • • . • . • • • • . • • 9 Sulphur Point Formation . • • . • . • . • . • . • . • • . • • . • . 10 Presqu 1ile Formation............................... 11 Watt Mountain Formation. • . • • • • . • . • . • • • • • . • . • . 12 Slave Point Formation . • • . • • • . • • . • • • • • • . • • • 12 Horn River Formation . • . • • . • • . • • • . • . • 14 References.............................................. 16 Appendix-logs of wells . • • • . • • • • • • . • . • • . • • • • • . • • . 19 Illustrations Figure 1. Formational nomenclature ••......•... .. .....•. Frontispiec e 2. Correla tion diagram from Pan American et al. A-1 Snake River c-28-D well to Imperial Triad Davidson C reek P-2 well .. ... ... •. .... ... .. in pocket 3. Correlation -
(Foram in Ifers, Algae) and Stratigraphy, Carboniferous
MicropaIeontoIogicaI Zonation (Foramin ifers, Algae) and Stratigraphy, Carboniferous Peratrovich Formation, Southeastern Alaska By BERNARD L. MAMET, SYLVIE PINARD, and AUGUSTUS K. ARMSTRONG U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2031 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Robert M. Hirsch, Acting Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Text and illustrations edited by Mary Lou Callas Line drawings prepared by B.L. Mamet and Stephen Scott Layout and design by Lisa Baserga UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1993 For sale by Book and Open-File Report Sales U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center, Box 25286 Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Mamet, Bernard L. Micropaleontological zonation (foraminifers, algae) and stratigraphy, Carboniferous Peratrovich Formation, southeastern Alaska / by Bernard L. Mamet, Sylvie Pinard, and Augustus K. Armstrong. p. cm.-(U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 2031) Includes bibtiographical references. 1. Geology, Stratigraphic-Carboniferous. 2. Geology-Alaska-Prince of Wales Island. 3. Foraminifera, Fossil-Alaska-Prince of Wales Island. 4. Algae, Fossil-Alaska-Prince of Wales Island. 5. Paleontology- Carboniferous. 6. Paleontology-Alaska-Prince of Wales Island. I. Pinard, Sylvie. II. Armstrong, Augustus K. Ill. Title. IV. Series. QE75.B9 no. 2031 [QE671I 557.3 s--dc20 [551.7'5'097982] 92-32905 CIP CONTENTS Abstract -
Structural Geology of the Southern Livingstone Range
Meteoric fluid isotopic signatures of thrust-fault-related veins in the Livingstone Range anticlinorium and their significance for syn-deformational regional fluid migration Michael A. Cooley*, Raymond A. Price, John M. Dixon, and T. Kurtis Kyser Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s University, Kingston, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6 [email protected] ABSTRACT δ13C and δ18O isotope values of calcite in veins and host rocks from thrust fault zones indicate that fluids with meteoric isotopic signatures were present along thrust faults and infiltrating the tip-lines of minor thrusts during the formation of fault-propagation folds in the Livingstone Range Anticlinorium of southwest Alberta. Isotope geochemistry of cross-fault veins indicates that formation fluids predominated within the transverse structures, implying that cross faults were not conduits for local downward infiltration of meteoric water. Meteoric fluids must have been flowing eastward along the major thrust faults from a recharge area in the topographically higher hinterland to the west during formation of the thrust and fold belt. The incursion of meteoric waters coincided with hydrocarbon migration as indicated by hydrocarbon residues within thrust- fault-related calcite veins. Introduction The Livingstone Range of the southern Alberta foothills comprises the easternmost surface exposures of Carboniferous rocks in the southern Canadian Cordillera (Fig. 1). The Livingstone Range is an anticlinorium that developed where the Livingstone thrust cuts up-section in its hanging wall from a regional detachment in the upper Palliser Formation, through the overlying Mississippian Rundle Group and younger strata to an upper detachment within the Jurassic Fernie Formation. The anticlinorium comprises two to three adjacent fault- propagation fold anticlines which contain thrust faults that die out upwards into the cores of the folds. -
Geochemical, Petrophysical and Geomechanical Properties Of
Geochemical, petrophysical and geomechanical properties of stratigraphic sequences in Horn River Shale, Middle and Upper Devonian, Northeastern British Columbia, Canada by TIAN DONG A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Alberta © Tian Dong, 2016 ABSTRACT The Middle and Upper Devonian Horn River Shale, comprising the Evie and Otter Park members and the Muskwa Formation, northeast British Columbia, Canada is recognized as a significant shale gas reservoir in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. However, many aspects of this shale formation have not been adequately studied, and the published geochemical, petrophysical and geomechanical data are limited. This work aims to document the controls of geochemical composition variation on petrophysical and geomechanical properties and the relationship of rock composition to lithofacies and stratigraphic sequences. A detailed core-based sedimentological and wireline log analysis was conducted by my colleague Dr. Korhan Ayranci as a parallel study, in order to classify lithofacies, interpret depositional environments and establish sequence stratigraphic framework across the basin. Major and trace elements concentrations, key trace element ratios and Corg-Fe-S relationships were used to understand the effect of sea level fluctuation on detrital flux, redox conditions, productivity and therefore organic carbon enrichment patterns. Detrital sediment flux indicated by the concentration of aluminum and titanium to the basin was found to be higher during transgressions than regressions. Redox conditions, exhibiting strong correlation to TOC content, were the primary controls on the organic carbon deposition. The bottom water conditions are more anoxic during transgressions than regressions. -
Cadomin and Jasper Areas Willem Langenberg and John Waldron
Field Guide to Selected Geological Sections of the Cadomin and Jasper Areas Willem Langenberg and John Waldron Edmonton Geological Society Field Trip Guide September 22-23, 2007 Introduction The Rocky Mountains can be divided into Foothills, Front Ranges, and Main Ranges as shown in the cartoon below (Fig. 1). Outcrops in the foothills are dominated by softer weathering Mesozoic rocks of the foreland basin: mainly sandstone and shale but also including conglomerates and coal. Most of the clastic rocks represent material eroded from earlier-formed parts of the orogen to the west, which was subsequently cannibalized as the thrustbelt advanced westward in late Mesozoic to early Cenozoic time. Locally in the foothills, the more resistant late Paleozoic carbonate rocks come to the surface in elongated ridges. Saturday's traverse will begin in the foothills of the Cadomin area and proceed southwest into the Front Ranges. In the Front Ranges carbonates dominate the landscape. These represent the late Paleozoic continental margin of the Laurentian continent, now sliced into multiple imbricated thrust sheets. Mesozoic clastics are confined to narrow valleys. On Sunday morning we will take the Yellowhead Highway further into the Front Ranges and eventually into the Main Ranges of the Rockies. In the Main Ranges, lower parts of the stratigraphy are preserved, including widespread outcrops of older, Early Paleozoic carbonates, clastics, and the underlying Proterozoic succession of the Windermere Supergroup. The structural style is different, too. Although thrust sheets are present, they are generally much larger in scale, and their dips are gentler. In addition, the rocks were more ductile when deformed, so that cleavage and folds are much more widely developed in the mudrocks. -
Exploration Analysis
EXPLORATION ANALYSIS CARDIUM FORMATION Current Situation The Cardium Formation is not an exploration target in B.C. Where it has been tested, it is as a secondary target, and often with a straddle drillstem test run on the basis of a prospective well log signature. The formation has thus been open to drilling fluids for an extended period of time, and wellbore damage is likely to be severe. This situation is exacerbated by lack of reservoir “sweet spots”, shallow drilling depths and subnormal formation pressures. Velvet Exploration undertook an exploration program in 2000/2001 for fractured Cardium shoreface sandstones in the Copton-Narraway area of Alberta, in the southeastern corner of Map 2. There do not appear to be a substantial number of new Cardium wells on production in this area, and Velvet’s successor, El Paso, is not drilling new wells on the play. Tight Gas Potential The Cardium presents an attractive in-place gas resource, with massive sandstones of substantial thickness distributed continuously over a large area (Map 2) (Table 1). Because of its shallow burial depth, there has been less reservoir degradation by compaction than for deeper tight gas reservoirs. However, low reservoir pressures reduce in-place gas volumes, particularly within the subnormally-pressured Deep Basin. By qualitative comparison with the Cadotte and Spirit River, we speculate an in-place gas resource of 1-3 BCF/section. Cardium tight gas will likely be a secondary, uphole target to be exploited in conjunction with deeper tight gas plays. Locally, Cardium gas production may occur where: • operators stumble upon conglomeratic sweet spots, or • fracture-enhanced reservoir sections are defined in the Foothills, where the Cardium section is thickest. -
Shale Units of the Horn River Formation, Horn River Basin and Cordova Embayment, Northeastern British Columbia Sara Mcphail
Shale units of the Horn River Formation, Horn River Basin and Cordova Embayment, Northeastern British Columbia Sara McPhail, Warren Walsh and Cassandra Lee British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources Patrick A. Monahan, Monahan Petroleum Consulting/Penn West Energy Trust The Horn River Basin (HRB) and Cordova Embayment (CE) of northeastern British Columbia are bordered by the reef-fringed carbonate platforms of the Middle Devonian Upper Keg River, Sulphur Point, and Slave Point formations (Appendix A). Basinal shales laterally-equivalent to these carbonate units comprise the Evie, Otter Park, and Muskwa members of the Horn River Formation (Figure 1). These shales, particularly those of the Evie and Muskwa members that have high silica and organic contents are the target of a developing shale gas play. Figure 1: Middle and basal Upper Devonian units of the HRB and CE. basinal succession platform succession Fort Simpson Shale Muskwa Muskwa Upper Devonian Otter Park Slave Point Slave Pt/Sulphur Point basinal Middle Devonian equivalents Sulphur Point Evie Upper Keg River Lower Keg River Exploration activity for these shales in this lightly developed region has developed dramatically over the past two years (Adams et al, 2007). Total bonus paid for rights to the Horn River Shale exceeded $400 million in 2007. Experimental schemes, which allow an operator to hold well data confidential for 3 years, have been granted to several companies within the HRB and CE, and 48 wells have been licensed or drilled to test these targets since 2004 (Appendix A). Few results are available, but the recompletion of a vertical well in d-60-I/94-O-9 in the HRB resulted in a gas flow of 13 e3m3/, and EOG recently announced gas flow of 140 e3m3/d from their horizontal well in a-26-G/94-O-9. -
Stratigraphic Trends in the Gething Formation
Province of British Columbia ~’ MINERAL RESOURCES DIVISION Ministry of Energy, Mines and Geological Survey Branch Petroleum Resources STRATIGRAPHIC TRENDS IN THE GETHING FORMATION By A. Legun A Contribution to the Canada/British Columbia Mineral Development Agreement, 1985-1990 OPENFILE1990-33 Canadian Cataloging in Publication Data Legu”, Andrew s., 1949- Stratigraphic trends in the Gething Formation (Open file, ISSN 08353530 ; 1990-33) “A contribution to the Canada/British Columbia Mineral Devc,om”ent Am’eement, 19X5-1990.” VICTORIA BRITISH COLUMBIA CANADA 1. &thing Formation (B.C.) 2. Coal - Geology British Columbia - Peace River (Regional district) 3. Geology, March 1991 Stratigraphic. 4. Geology, Economic-British Columbia - l’eace River (Regional district) I. British Columbia. Geological Survey Branch. II. Canada/British Columbia Mineral Devclopmcnt Agreement. III. Title. IV. Series: yg3;f’ (British Columbia. Geological Survey Branch) ; QE187.443 1991 553.2’4’0971187 c91-092142-3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTROD.UC’I’ION.. ..........................................1 General .........................................................1 Acknowledgments....................................... 1 GEOLOGY.. ......................................................3 Stratigraphic Trends.................................... 4 Chamberlain Member.. ........................4 Bullmoose Member ..............................7 Gaylard Member.. .................................7 Sourcesof Data.. ...................................8 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY.. ...................9 -
Biostratigraphy of the Arroyo Penasco Group, Lower Carboniferous (Mississsippian), North-Central New Mexico Augustus K
New Mexico Geological Society Downloaded from: http://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/25 Biostratigraphy of the Arroyo Penasco Group, Lower Carboniferous (Mississsippian), north-central New Mexico Augustus K. Armstrong and Bernard L. Mamet, 1974, pp. 145-158 in: Ghost Ranch, Siemers, C. T.; Woodward, L. A.; Callender, J. F.; [eds.], New Mexico Geological Society 25th Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook, 404 p. This is one of many related papers that were included in the 1974 NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebook. Annual NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebooks Every fall since 1950, the New Mexico Geological Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. These books have set the national standard for geologic guidebooks and are an essential geologic reference for anyone working in or around New Mexico. Free Downloads NMGS has decided to make peer-reviewed papers from our Fall Field Conference guidebooks available for free download. Non-members will have access to guidebook papers two years after publication. Members have access to all papers. This is in keeping with our mission of promoting interest, research, and cooperation regarding geology in New Mexico. However, guidebook sales represent a significant proportion of our operating budget. Therefore, only research papers are available for download. Road logs, mini-papers, maps, stratigraphic charts, and other selected content are available only in the printed guidebooks. Copyright Information Publications of the New Mexico Geological Society, printed and electronic, are protected by the copyright laws of the United States. -
Horn River Basin Aquifer Characterization Project Phase 2 Geological Report
HORN RIVER BASIN AQUIFER CHARACTERIZATION PROJECT PHASE 2 GEOLOGICAL REPORT Prepared for: HORN RIVER BASIN PRODUCERS GROUP GEOSCIENCE B.C. September, 2011 Petrel Robertson Consulting Ltd. 500, 736 – 8th Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 1H4 www.petrelrob.com EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Geoscience BC‟s Phase 1 Horn River Basin Aquifer Characterization Project (PRCL, 2010) concluded that the Mississippian Debolt-Rundle carbonate platform demonstrates the best potential to act as a productive water source and sink for the completions activities of producers in the Horn River Basin. Phase 2 of the study reinforces this conclusion and adds data from new wells drilled since completion of the Phase 1 report. Resulting map revisions increase the overall enhanced reservoir volume, particularly in the centre of the basin, where well control had been sparse. The Debolt-Rundle carbonate platform has been subdivided into four units that are mappable across the basin: the lower, middle and upper Rundle, capped by the Debolt. At the top of the upper Rundle and Debolt, reservoir quality is enhanced by leaching and dolomitization beneath the pre-Cretaceous unconformity, forming a unit referred to as the “Detrital Zone”. The highest-quality and most continuous water-bearing reservoirs thus occur within the upper Rundle and Debolt where they subcrop beneath the pre-Cretaceous unconformity in the eastern part of the Horn River Basin. Reservoir quality mapping was focused on the Debolt-Rundle succession. Net porous reservoir and porosity-thickness maps from the Phase 1 study were updated using sample cuttings observations and well logs from Phase 2 wells. As in Phase 1, approximations regarding reservoir quality had to be applied because of the highly heterogeneous nature of the “Detrital Zone”. -
Low Marine April & May Calendars
AAPRIPRILL 2012013 VVlolume 533N, Number 10 APRPRILIL 1 - NOGS LUNUNCHCHEOEON PrP eseseenntatatitioonn: MoM ddeernrn Prorocceessseess in CoCoasastatal SySysts emems GuGueesst SSppeaeakek rr:: Alleexaxandnderer S. KKoolkkerer LoLouuiisisianana UnUniviverersisititieses Mararinine CoConsnsoro titiumum - Tuullanane UnUnivversisityty • Neeww Orleaeansns, LLoouiuisisiaanna Published monthly by the New Orleans Geological Society. This issue was sent to press on March 22, 2013. Interested NOGS LOG contributors may send requests to [email protected]. Requests for advertising should contact the NOGS offi ce at [email protected] IN THIS ISSUE on the cover: Regular Features: Cover Photo Submitted by: Bob Douglass, NOGS President (1987-88) From the Editor ..........................................................3 with the help of Ben Murphy From the President .....................................................5 NOGS Officers / Contacts ..........................................6 Sideling Hill Cut - Hancock, Maryland Upcoming Events & Activities .....................................7 The cover photo is the Sideling Hill Cut on I-69, just west of Hancock, NOGS Luncheon Presentation ...................................9 Maryland. This spectacular Cut shows south facing Early Mississippian Purslane and Rockwall clastics. The older Rockwall is shallow marine April & May Calendars .............................................. 12 grading upward into mainly terrestrial Purslane. The dark layers are Drill Bits ..................................................................