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The Human Cost of Nuclear Weapons

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The Human Cost of Nuclear Weapons The human cost Autumn 2015 97 Number 899 Volume of nuclear weapons Volume 97 Number 899 Autumn 2015 Volume 97 Number 899 Autumn 2015 Editorial: A price too high: Rethinking nuclear weapons in light of their human cost Vincent Bernard, Editor-in-Chief After the atomic bomb: Hibakusha tell their stories Masao Tomonaga, Sadao Yamamoto and Yoshiro Yamawaki The view from under the mushroom cloud: The Chugoku Shimbun newspaper and the Hiroshima Peace Media Center Tomomitsu Miyazaki Photo gallery: Ground zero Nagasaki Akitoshi Nakamura Discussion: Seventy years after Hiroshima and Nagasaki: Reflections on the consequences of nuclear detonation Tadateru Konoé and Peter Maurer Nuclear arsenals: Current developments, trends and capabilities Hans M. Kristensen and Matthew G. McKinzie Pursuing “effective measures” relating to nuclear disarmament: Ways of making a legal obligation a reality Treasa Dunworth The human costs and legal consequences of nuclear weapons under international humanitarian law Louis Maresca and Eleanor Mitchell Chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear events: The humanitarian response framework of the International Committee of the Red Cross Gregor Malich, Robin Coupland, Steve Donnelly and Johnny Nehme Humanitarian debate: Law, policy, action The use of nuclear weapons and human rights The human cost of nuclear weapons Stuart Casey-Maslen The development of the international initiative on the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons and its effect on the nuclear weapons debate Alexander Kmentt Changing the discourse on nuclear weapons: The humanitarian initiative Elizabeth Minor Protecting humanity from the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons: Reframing the debate towards the humanitarian impact Richard Slade, Robert Tickner and Phoebe Wynn-Pope An African contribution to the nuclear weapons debate Sarah J. Swart The humanitarian impact and implications of nuclear test explosions in the Pacific region Tilman A. Ruff Opinion note: Focusing the debate on the humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons: An Indian perspective Rajiv Nayan Non-State actors’ pursuit of CBRN weapons: From motivation to potential humanitarian consequences Stephanie E. Meulenbelt and Maarten S. Nieuwenhuizen ICRC report on the effects of the atomic bomb at Hiroshima Fritz Bilfinger, 24 October 1945 Bringing the era of nuclear weapons to an end Jakob Kellenberger, 20 April 2010 Nuclear weapons: Ending a threat to humanity Peter Maurer, 18 February 2015 What’s new in law and case law around the world? Book Reviews Nuclear weapons under International Law Chemical Control: Regulation of Incapacitating Chemical Agent Weapons, Riot Control Agents and their Means of Delivery Human Rights in Armed Conflict: Law, Practice, Policy ® MIX Paper from responsible sources www.icrc.org/eng/review FSC® C007785 Cambridge Journals Online The human cost For further information about this journal please go to the journal web site at: ISSN 1816-3831 http://www.journals.cambridge.org/irc of nuclear weapons 18163831_97-3.indd 1 05/07/16 10:41 AM Editorial Team Editor-in-Chief: Vincent Bernard Editor: Mariya Nikolova The Review is printed in English and is Thematic Editor: Ellen Policinski published four times a year, in Spring, Book review editor: Jamie A. Williamson Summer, Autumn and Winter. Special thanks: Kathleen Lawand, Annual selections of articles are also Louis Maresca published in Arabic, Chinese, French, Aim and scope International Review of the Red Cross Russian and Spanish. Established in 1869, the International Review of the Red 19, Avenue de la Paix, CH 1202 Geneva Cross is a periodical published by the ICRC and Cambridge CH - 1202 Geneva Published in association with University Press. Its aim is to promote reflection on t +41 22 734 60 01 Cambridge University Press. humanitarian law, policy and action in armed conflict and e-mail: [email protected] other situations of collective armed violence. A specialized journal in humanitarian law, it endeavours to promote knowledge, critical analysis and development of the law, and contribute to the prevention of violations of rules protecting fundamental rights and values. The Review offers a forum Editorial Board for discussion on contemporary humanitarian action as well Annette Becker Submission of manuscripts Subscriptions as analysis of the causes and characteristics of conflicts so Université de Paris-Ouest Nanterre La The International Review of the Red Cross invites The subscription price is available online as to give a clearer insight into the humanitarian problems Défense, France submissions of manuscripts on subjects relating at: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/ they generate. Finally, the Review informs its readership on Chaloka Beyani to international humanitarian law, policy and displayJournal?jid=IRC questions pertaining to the International Red Cross and Red Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights action. Issues focus on particular topics, decided Crescent Movement and in particular on the activities and of Internally Displaced Persons; London Requests for subscriptions can be made to by the Editorial Board, which can be consulted policies of the ICRC. School of Economics, London (Zambia) the following address: Françoise Bouchet-Saulnier under the heading ‘Call for Papers’ on the Médecins sans Frontières, Paris, France website of the Review. Submissions related to Cambridge University Press, University Printing Hilary Charlesworth these themes are particularly welcome. House, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge Australian National University, Australia Articles may be submitted in Arabic, Chinese, CB2 8BS; or in the USA, Canada and International Committee of the Red Cross Sarah Cleveland English, French, Russian and Spanish. Selected Mexico, email [email protected]: The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Columbia Law School, US submissions are translated into English if necessary. Cambridge University Press, 1 Liberty is an impartial, neutral and independent organization Adama Dieng Plaza, Floor 20, New York, NY 10006, USA, whose exclusively humanitarian mission is to protect the UN Secretary-General’s Special Adviser for Submissions must not have been published, email [email protected]. lives and dignity of victims of war and other situations of the Prevention of Genocide, Senegal submitted or accepted elsewhere. Articles are violence and to provide them with assistance. It directs Fyodor Lukyanov subjected to a peer-review process. The fi nal The International Review of the Red Cross Russia in Global Affairs Journal; Council decision on publication is taken by the and coordinates the international activities conducted on Foreign and Defense Policy, Russia is indexed in the Thomson Reuters Journal by the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Editor-in-Chief. The Review reserves the right to Citation Reports/Social Sciences Edition Ximena Medellín Urquiaga edit articles. Movement in armed conflict and other situations of Centro de Investigación y Docencia and has an Impact Factor. The Review is violence. It also endeavours to prevent suffering by pro- Económicas (CIDE), Mexico Manuscripts may be sent by e-mail to: available on LexisNexis. moting and strengthening international humanitarian Tasneem Meenai [email protected] law and universal humanitarian principles. Established Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India This journal issue has been printed on in 1863, the ICRC is at the origin of the Movement. Manuscript requirements FSC™-certified paper and cover board. Sorcha O’Callaghan British Red Cross, UK Articles should be 7,000 to 10,000 words in FSC is an independent, nongovernmental, Members of the Committee length. Shorter contributions can be published not-for-profit organization established to Emre Öktem as comments or opinion notes. Articles on President: Peter Maurer Galatasaray University, Turkey promote the responsible management of Vice-President: Christine Beerli themes other than the main theme of an edition the world’s forests. Please see www.fsc.org Marco Sassòli, may be published under the heading ‘Selected University of Geneva, Switzerland for information. articles on IHL and humanitarian action’. Mauro Arrigoni Jürg Kesselring Michael N. Schmitt Hugo Bänziger Thierry Lombard US Naval War College, University of For further information, please consult the Printed in the UK by Bell & Bain Ltd. François Bugnion Doris Schopper Exeter, US website of the Review: Jacques Chapuis Rolf Soiron Yuval Shany www.icrc.org/eng/resources/international- Bernard G. R. Daniel Béatrice Speiser Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel review. Melchior de Muralt Bruno Staffelbach Sun Shiyan Paola Ghillani Heidi Tagliavini Chinese Academy of Social Sciences ©icrc 2016 Maya Hertig Randall Daniel Thürer (CASS), China Authorization to reprint or republish any text Alexis Keller Fiona Terry published in the Review must be obtained Independent researcher on humanitarian from the Editor-in-Chief. Requests should be action, Australia addressed to [email protected]. Cover Photo: David Clumpner. Lantern ceremony at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial. 7 August 2011. © David Clumpner. 18163831_97-3.indd 2 05/07/16 10:41 AM Volume 97 Number 899 Autumn 2015 Humanitarian debate: Law, policy, action The human cost of nuclear weapons CONTENTS THE HUMAN COST OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS 499 Editorial: A price too high: Rethinking nuclear weapons in light of their human cost Vincent Bernard, Editor-in-Chief Voices and perspectives: Hiroshima and Nagasaki 507 After the atomic bomb:
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