News Media and Humanitarian Aid

23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Wednesday 4th June 2008,

Hosted by DARA at Real Fábrica de Tapices,

Fuenterrabía 2, 28014 Madrid (Metro: Menéndez Pelayo)

Chaired by Kate Adie, OBE

Meeting Booklet

Contents

Agenda...... 2 Key note abstracts...... 5 Workshop outlines...... 6 Key participants...... 11 Participants ...... 19 ALNAP ...... 23

News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

MORNING AGENDA - WEDNESDAY 4TH JUNE

09.00-09.45 ARRIVAL AND REGISTRATION For security reasons it is required that participants register by 09.45

10.00-10.10 OPENING REMARKS

Kate Adie OBE, Meeting Chair

10.10-10.20 WELCOME ADDRESS

Leire Pajín, Secretary of State for International Cooperation, Spain

10.20-10.25 WELCOME REMARKS

Her Royal Highness the Princess of Asturias Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano

10.25-10.45 KEY NOTE PRESENTATION 1

From Biafra to cyclone Nargis Dr Jonathan Benthall Department of Anthropology, University College London

10.45-11.15 BREAK

11.15-11.40 KEY NOTE PRESENTATION 2 After the wave: reporting disasters since the tsunami Glenda Cooper Guardian Research Fellow, Nuffield College

11.40-12.00 OPEN DISCUSSION ON KEYNOTES

12.00-13.30 THE DEBATE Can media and humanitarian agencies collaborate better to improve humanitarian outcomes? Debaters Sally Begbie, Chief Executive, Global Hand Karen Marón, Journalist, BBC and Radio France Intl Rafael Vilasanjuán, Journalist, Former Head of MSF Sp. William Dowell, Independent Journalist

13.30-14.45 LUNCH Optional Guided Tour of Real Fábrica de Tapices

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

AFTERNOON WORSKHOPS - WEDNESDAY 4TH JUNE

14.45-16.15 PARALLEL WORKSHOPS

Workshop one: the relationship between international media and international humanitarian actors in crises

William Dowell, Independent Journalist Tim Singelton, Head of Foreign News, ITN Catherine Russ, Learning and Development Director, RedR (Chair)

Workshop two: the role of media representation in creating crises and enabling response

David Pratt, the Sunday Herald Manuel Sánchez-Montero, Director of Humanitarian Action and Development, FRIDE Silvia Hidalgo, Director, DARA (Chair)

Workshop three: the role of formal humanitarian information networks

Ben Parker, Editor-in-Chief, IRIN Martyn Broughton, Director AlertNet Reuters Foundation Eleanor Monbiot, Global KM Director, World Vision, (Chair)

Workshop four: the relationship between international agencies and local and national media in affected states

Melanie Brooks, CARE International Mario Murillo, Founder of Colombia Media Project Ivan Scott, Programme Learning Support Team Leader, OXFAM GB (Chair)

Workshop five: the role of media in engaging with affected populations

Daniel Wermus, Director, InfoSud/Media21 Network Lisa Robinson, Project Manager, BBC World Service Trust Mihir Bhatt, Honorary Director, AIDMI (Chair)

16.15-16.45 BREAK

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

FINAL PLENARY AND EVENING - WEDNESDAY 4TH JUNE

16.45-17.45 FINAL PLENARY Where to next? a future agenda for the media-humanitarian relationship?

Niels Dabelstein, Danish Institute for Intl Studies James Deane, BBC World Service Trust Brendan Gormley, Disaster Emergency Committee Jemilah Mahmood, MERCY Malaysia José María Figueres, Former President of Costa Rica and Advisor to DARA (Plenary Chair)

17.45-18.00 WRAP-UP AND CLOSE Kate Adie OBE

NB: The agenda may change during the event, in response to the needs and wishes of the participants.

* * *

The ALNAP Dinner will be held at the Club Financiero Génova, Marqués de la Ensenada 14, 14th floor (Metro Station: Colón) at 20.30. Transport will be arranged from near the meeting venue (pick-up point will be announced on the day) departing at 20.00.

After Dinner Speech by Professor Peter Arnett Dress Code: Jacket and Tie

* * * Over the course of day one and two, members of the Secretariat staff will be conducting a survey of ALNAP Full Member representatives to gather views on future activities.

* * * Two side meetings will be held at Real Fábrica de Tapices, unless otherwise announced;

RTE group meeting; Developing the RTE guide - 4th June, 18.30-20.00 LRRD 2; Meeting for those interested in TEC follow-up study - 5th June, 8.00-9.00

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

KEYNOTE PRESENTATIONS

FIRST KEYNOTE PRESENTATION - FROM BIAFRA TO CYCLONE NARGIS

Dr Jonathan Benthall Department of Anthropology, University College London ‘From Biafra to Cyclone Nargis’ considers the history of the relationship between the news media and humanitarian aid, including the ‘New World Information Order’ debate, before reviewing what changed since the 1990s. Despite some changes – such as better research, the Islamic resurgence, the new technologies- there are little change in the fundamental relationships. Just as it is normal for hospital services to be dispassionately analysed without calling into question the integrity of medics, analysis of the political economy of the disaster-media-relief nexus is needed to examine how the flows of information and aid are controlled by intermediaries and subject to the caprice of donors.

SECOND KEYNOTE PRESENTATION - AFTER THE WAVE: REPORTING DISASTERS SINCE THE TSUNAMI

Glenda Cooper Guardian Research Fellow, Nuffield College, Oxford The tsunami on 26 Dec 2004 was a turning point in how disasters are reported because of citizen journalism, also known as ‘user generated content’ (UGC). Its use has accelerated ever since and let more diverse voices be heard. But what are the challenges now journalists and aid agencies can no longer ‘control’ the story? Aid agencies are using UGC devices (eg the British Red Cross HIV campaign run on Bebo) and are reporting from disaster zones like journalists.

There is also a potential blurring of lines between the media and the agencies and concern that UGC accentuates the spectacular catastrophe at the expense of the long term chronic emergency.

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

WORKSHOP OUTLINES

WORKSHOP ONE: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL MEDIA AND INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN ACTORS IN CRISES OBJECTIVE To better understand the different aspects of the relationship, identify what gaps there are in our knowledge, how these can be addressed and clarify the scope to improve the relationship in a way that leads to better humanitarian outcomes. CONTEXT Media and humanitarian organisations both play crucial roles during humanitarian crises. Limits to financial resources, infrastructure facilities, human resource capacities and vital information in disaster settings have long required them to rely on each other to achieve their immediate goals, while simultaneously pursing their separate agendas. In recent years, changes such as the increasing politicisation of relief and increasingly globalised and competitive media markets have highlighted the complex and ambiguous nature of the relationship between these two actors during a humanitarian response. Media personnel may not have the means to access key crisis affected areas and therefore seek inputs from humanitarian actors. In some instances they may use the facilities of aid workers in the field, for lodging, security, transportation etc to carry out their work. Humanitarian actors, on the other hand have found media to be an exceptionally good agent to increase their profile and thereby lobby for more funds for operational responses as well as create and sustain awareness among both international and local actors about the crisis. While the interaction between media and relief agencies mutually benefit both parties, this relationship can also result in misunderstandings which can hamper humanitarian responses. Good media practice in crisis should provide impartial facts about relief operations, including highlighting the shortcoming of agencies that provided them assistance to gain the information in the first place. Given the importance of positive media coverage, humanitarian agencies are careful to release messages which cater to their interest. This can result in journalists being sceptical about the information provided. To avoid these misconceptions and act in ways that contribute to improve humanitarian performance, a better understanding of the working relationship between the two actors is essential. GUIDING QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION • What are the multiple ways in which the relationship between international media and international humanitarian agencies plays out? What factors shape these different relationships? Are any of the relationships dominant? • How do these multiple relationships affect (a) media work (b) humanitarian work? What are the positive aspects? What are the negative aspects? • What gaps are there in our understanding, and how could these be addressed? What role can evaluation and research play in addressing these gaps? • How might the positive aspects of these multiple relationships be increased, and negatives be reduced? Can guidelines or a MoU be developed to help manage the relationship between media and humanitarian actors during a crisis? What might such a framework look like? • What impact will new media technology and User Generated Content (UGC) have on managing the relationship between international media and humanitarian actors?

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

WORKSHOP TWO: THE ROLE OF MEDIA REPRESENTATION IN CREATING CRISES AND ENABLING RESPONSE OBJECTIVE To better understand the ways in which crises and affected people are represented by the media and agencies, the inefficiencies that result from it, and the scope to address these issues. CONTEXT Media presentation of crises and crisis affected people send out strong messages to the international community about the existing situation and the relief capacities among international and local actors. The common images of a journalist highlighting the plight of people who are waiting for aid, or presenting beneficiaries as ‘helpless victims’, tend to make news and demand the attention of the international community. However, while such representations may make interesting ‘news’, they can lead to distortions about crises situations, which are then reflected in humanitarian programmes, leading to incorrect analyses and inappropriate aid. Misleading reports on the weakness of the local/national response during a crisis have led to a range of such problems. During rapid onset emergencies, for example the Asian Tsunami and the Pakistan earthquake, national and informal relief provided crucial assistance before the surge of international aid agencies. However, such news tends not to find its way to the media, with affected people often depicted as being reliant only on foreign assistance. International humanitarian organisations are often inclined to use the media attention provided during emergency context for human interest stories to promote their individual mandates and ongoing work. They may highlight contributions made by their staff to address specific problems – food shortages, children, water - and not acknowledge the importance of both formal and informal networks in the countries affected, many of which would have been crucial in enabling the international agencies organizations to carry out their work. These sensitive situations highlight the need for media and international aid agencies to develop a deeper understanding of how to represent both crises and crisis affected people in a way that does not damage their dignity nor mask and supplant humanitarian needs with institutional needs. GUIDING QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION • Is the representation of crises affected people as ‘helpless victims; an inevitable consequence of humanitarian work? • What inefficiencies or ineffectiveness result from such representations? What are the advantages of such portrayal? • How will new technology and User Generated Content (UGC) impact on the role media plays in representing crises and crisis affected populations? • How can media and aid agencies evaluate their representation of crisis affected people to ensure its accurate and honest? • What good practices should be followed in representation of crisis affected people?

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

WORKSHOP THREE: THE ROLE OF FORMAL HUMANITARIAN INFORMATION NETWORKS OBJECTIVE Better understand the role and potential for humanitarian information networks to bridge the gap between the two actors and to find ways in which they might help strengthen collaboration between traditional media and relief organisations in a crisis situation. CONTEXT Timely, accurate and independent information is crucial during an emergency for all actors responding to the humanitarian crisis. Irrespective of the location of the emergency, humanitarian actors would like details of the situation to reach them as soon as possible. Modern technology does provide tools for such practices. However, remoteness of the disaster or conflict affected area, damage to the communication infrastructure and at times data censorship hamper the access to necessary information. Furthermore, details about the crises seem to float among a large number of actors and a comprehensive view can only be obtained through a collection of data from all these actors. In an attempt to overcome humanitarian-media communications, the UN, NGOs and the philanthropic community have set up three innovative internet-based global platforms where information from a number of agencies is posted for the benefit of all humanitarian stakeholders. These information sharing networks are relatively new mechanisms and it’s important to explore ways in which they could enhance the collaboration between media and relief agencies. Good working understating between them would benefit decision makers to understand the real situation in the ground and plan their contributions to the relief efforts. GUIDING QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION • Do these identified information sharing platforms strengthen collaborate between traditional media and relief agencies? If so, how? • What benefits do the media and humanitarian agencies receive from being part of such networks? How do these networks contribute towards (a) effective reporting and (b) effective aid? • How can the networks be used by different stakeholders to learn and improve aid response during crises? How can their potential be maximised? • How does the use of new media technology affect the role played by formal humanitarian networks during crises? What is the impact of User Generated Content (UGC) on these networks? • What mechanisms are in place to evaluate the use and benefit of information and knowledge sharing practices promoted by the information networks?

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

WORKSHOP FOUR: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES AND LOCAL / NATIONAL MEDIA IN AFFECTED STATES OBJECTIVE The objective of the workshop is to understand the different roles played by local/national media during a humanitarian crisis and explore ways of strengthening their relationship with the relief agencies. CONTEXT Most international relief agencies providing assistance during a crisis may be new to the local area or country of the emergency. They need sound information sources to understand the extent of the problem and target their activities to reach the victims appropriately and effectively. One of the important partners that could provide them this information and thereby help to improve operational efforts in the field would be the local and national media. Local and national media may be familiar with the area affected by the crisis, the capacity and ability of the locally responding institution and the needs of the victims. Interaction with them can reduce the time and efforts an agency coming in for the first time need to spend on learning and planning how best to roll out the relief operations. Local actors involved in the crisis (affected populations, government institutions, volunteers etc) may feel more comfortable interacting with the local media rather than with an agent new to the context. Therefore, aid agencies could utilise these existing relationships based on familiarity and trust to convey their messages to different targeted audiences in the local and national context. However, for a number of reasons, international aid agencies have in the past been cautious about approaching local and national media. In politically sensitive situations, where wide censorship is practiced among local and national media there is a risk of the original message of the aid agency being misconstrued. Furthermore, relief agencies might justifiably doubt the impartiality of the local media due to their past relationships with different groups of people in the affected context. GUIDING QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION • What are the key strengths and weaknesses of local/national media during crises? • How can local and national media influence the international relief work? • What are the potential benefits of building a good relationship with the local and national media? How can the relationship be better managed? • How will new media technology and User Generated Content (UGC) impact on the relationship between international agencies and national media in affected states? • What mechanisms can relief agencies use to assess the impartiality and capacity of local media and evaluate the accuracy of the information communicated with regard to the humanitarian crisis and response?

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

WORKSHOP FIVE: THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN ENGAGING WITH AFFECTED POPULATIONS OBJECTIVE The objective of the workshop is to explore and discuss the role of media in communicating with and strengthening local responses to crises and improving the conditions of the affected populations. CONTEXT Effective and efficient responses of local population to an emergency make a significant contribution to lifesaving during crises. In order for the local populations to be able to make such a contribution, it is crucial they have access to up to date information. However, there are gaps in the way information is shared and gathered in emergencies. Aid organisations and the media have focused on gathering information for their own needs and not enough on exchanging that information with the people they aim to support. Media agencies can provide vital information to affected people during a crisis situation. They can collect information from the humanitarian actors operating in the field and feed into the local populations to enhance their knowledge on the scale of the emergency, requirements of the affected people and the appropriate response adopted. Daily news reports can provide information vital for survival and reconstruction like the security situation, details of food and water distribution, availability of medical and shelter in their local areas. Humanitarian stakeholders have also found media to be a good source of information to build capacity of local people during the initial relief stage as well as the recovery process. Appropriate messages targeted on housing, health, water and sanitation etc will build the capacity of the local populations on how best to rebuild their lifestyles following the disaster. GUIDING QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION • What information do the local populations need following a humanitarian crisis? What mechanisms are used to communicate information to the local population during a crisis? What approaches can be useful in communicating the appropriate message to the local populations? • What role do media play in strengthening the local responses to crises? How can relief agencies collaborate with media to build capacity of the local populations? How can the relationship between media and relief agencies be strengthened to enhance appropriate delivery of messages to local people? • What impact do new media technology and User Generated Content (UGC) have on media engagement with affected populations during a humanitarian context? • How do media evaluate the effect of the messages/information communicated to the affected populations during a humanitarian crisis?

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

KEY PARTICIPANT BIOGRAPHIES

Kate Adie is the presenter of the BBC's long-running programme, From Our Own Correspondent on Radio 4 and is the author of three bestselling books. She grew up in Sunderland, read Swedish at Newcastle University and started her broadcasting career in local radio in Durham, later becoming the BBC's Chief News Correspondent. In 1980, she reported live when the Iranian embassy was stormed by the SAS. She has twice been named Reporter of the Year by the Royal Television Society and won awards for her coverage of the US bombing of Tripoli and the brutal end to the Chinese students' demonstration in Tiananmen Square in Beijing. She has reported on conflicts from the invasion of Iraq to four years of war in the Balkans and the first Gulf War, as well as the Herald of Free Enterprise disaster at Zeebrugge and the massacre at Dunblane. Kate presents factual documentaries on radio and television, has served as a trustee for the Imperial War Museum and has also judged the Whitbread, Orange and Costa literary prizes. She was awarded an OBE in 1993.

Sally Begbie and her husband have worked in the disaster and development arenas for 28 years. With a background in media, in her native Australia, Sally originally worked with NGOs in a writing capacity. Over time, however, NGOs requested logistic support and Sally and her husband Malcolm created the Crossroads Foundation in Hong Kong; www.crossroads.org.hk Today, she and her husband direct this NGO which, together with the four ‘global crossroads’ it offers, is the nexus between the for-profit and non-profit sectors. In particular, their online platform, Global Hand, provides a ‘matching’ service for companies and/or NGOs seeking public-private partnerships to engage with global need. It also offers standards in order to anchor partnership in sound practice. www.globalhand.org Sally is frequently called upon as a writer or speaker on standards relevant to this sector, together with Corporate Social Responsibility and public private partnerships.

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

Jonathan Benthall published Disasters, Relief and the Media (I.B. Tauris) in 1993, and The Charitable Crescent: Politics of Aid in the Muslim World (I.B. Tauris, co-authored with Jerome Bellion-Jourdan) in 2003. He is an honorary research fellow in the Department of Anthropology, University College London, and his current commitments include giving advice on Islamic charities to the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. He was formerly Secretary of the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, Director of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Founding Editor of Anthropology Today and Chair of the International NGO Training and Research Centre, Oxford (INTRAC). In 1993 he was awarded the Anthropology in Media Award of the American Anthropological Association.

Melanie Brooks has been working with CARE for the past four years. As the Asia Regional Communications Advisor, Ms Brooks is responsible for coordinating and training communications officers based in CARE country offices, liaising with national, regional and international media, deploying as part of CARE’s emergency response team, and reporting on CARE’s activities in 16 countries across the region. In her previous role as the Communications Manager for CARE in Indonesia, Ms Brooks and her team worked to improve information sharing with local and national media, as well as with participants of CARE’s programs. Ms Brooks was one of the founding members of the steering committee for the Public Information Working Group, a network of UN and NGO communications officers in Banda Aceh. Together with several other NGOs, CARE implemented new community communications methods in Aceh that are now regarded as best practices. Before joining CARE, Ms Brooks worked as a communications consultant for World Vision and the Aga Khan Foundation in Tanzania, and as a reporter for the Ottawa Citizen newspaper in Ottawa, Canada, for three years. Ms Brooks graduated with a Bachelor of Journalism from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada.

Martyn Broughton joined Reuters AlertNet in November 2006. He came from the aid agency Médecins Sans Frontières, where he spent more than six years as Head of Communications for MSF UK. Before that, Martyn worked for over 20 years with BBC World Service Radio as a producer and editor of current affairs and feature programmes. He also worked with the BBC's Arabic language service and has a particular interest in the Middle East and Africa.

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

Glenda Cooper has worked as a journalist at The Independent, the Daily Mail, the Sunday Times, the Evening Standard and the Daily Telegraph. She has also been a correspondent for BBC News 24 and BBC Radio 4. In 2001 she was awarded the Laurence Stern Fellowship for the Washington Post; during her time in the US she spent five weeks in New York covering the September 11th attacks and their aftermath for the paper. She was the 2006-7 Guardian Research Fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford where she presented the lecture Anyone here survived a wave, speak English and got a mobile? Aid agencies, the media and reporting disasters since the tsunami. Currently a visiting fellow at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Oxford, her new research is entitled: The End of the Affair – or a new Love Story? How closely do the agendas of aid agencies and the media converge, how is this changing and what is the effect on the coverage of disasters? A freelance writer and editor, she is also a member of the British Red Cross’s Dispatches from Disaster Zones task force, which brings together journalists and aid agencies to continue the debate around how humanitarian stories are reported.

Niels Dabelstein was Head of the Evaluation Department of Danida 1988 to 2007. From 1997 to 2002, he was Chairman of the OECD/DAC Working Party on Aid Evaluation and continued as Vice-Chairman until 2005. He has been a pioneer of joint evaluations and evaluation of humanitarian assistance in both Danida and internationally. He was instrumental in drafting the DAC Principles for Aid Evaluation in 1991, the Guidelines for Evaluating Humanitarian Assistance in 1998, the DAC Evaluation Glossary in 2002, the DAC Guidance for Joint Evaluation in 2005 and the DAC Evaluation Quality Standards in 2006.

He has managed or co-managed several major evaluations of humanitarian assistance: Rwanda, 1996; Danish Humanitarian Assistance, 1999; Angola, 2003, Danish Mine Action, 2003; Kosovo, 2004; Lessons from Rwanda – Lessons for Today, 2004; IDP (joint), 2005; Afghanistan (joint), 2005; Funding the Tsunami Response (joint), 2006. He has been a pioneer in humanitarian accountability as one of the initiators of ALNAP and as the first chairman of the Board of the Humanitarian Accountability Project 2001-2003

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

James Deane is Head of Policy Development of the BBC World Service Trust where he manages a five year DFID funded Policy and Research Programme on the role of Media and Communication in Development. Before joining the Trust in 2007 he was managing director of the Communication for Social Change Consortium. He is also a founding member and former executive director of the Panos Institute, London which works globally with the media to inform and stimulate public debate on development issues. In that capacity, he was heavily involved in establishing independent, regional Panos Institutes in Southern Africa, Eastern Africa and South Asia and supporting similar institutes in West Africa, and in the Caribbean. He has provided formal strategic advice and consultancies to DFID, SIDA, NORAD, DANIDA, Swiss Development Cooperation, the World Bank, WHO, UNICEF, UNESCO, UNDP, UNAIDS, UNFPA, IFAD, FAO, the Rockefeller Foundation among other agencies, mostly related to communication and media for development. He is the author of numerous papers and publications on media, information and communication technologies.

William Dowell is a Geneva-based freelance journalist. Until recently, he was the Media and Information Manager for CARE International's Emergency Group. Before that he worked for 30 years as a professional journalist for TIME magazine, ABC News and NBC News. He has also taught journalism as an adjunct professor at New York University. While working for TIME, Mr. Dowell spent five years as a staff correspondent in the Middle East covering the Arab world and Iran. He covered the first Gulf War when Iraq invaded Kuwait, and also reported extensively on Iran. Prior to that, he had already worked as a broadcast correspondent covering the Iranian Revolution in Teheran. Following his tour for TIME in the Middle East, he was TIME's bureauchief for Southeast Asia and reported extensively on Indonesia, Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar. While at CARE, he helped coordinate media coverage on the scene during the massive floods that affected the Indian subcontinent last summer, and he spent several weeks in Bangladesh covering CARE's response to Cyclone Sidr. He was also briefly part of CARE's operations following Pakistan's 2005 earthquake, and he has reported on the ground for CARE in Africa and the Middle East, including work in Jordan, Kenya and Ethiopia. His work with CARE also included serving as a media liaison between CARE International's 12 national members and its more than 65 country offices.

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

José Maria Figueres, as President of Costa Rica (1994-1998), created a comprehensive national sustainable development strategy, combining sound macroeconomic indicators, strategic human development investments, and a strong alliance with nature. In the international arena, President Figueres has pioneered the linkage between sustainable development and technology. He helped create and lead the United Nations ICT Task Force as its first Chairperson. He was the first person to be named CEO of the World

Economic Forum, where he strengthened global corporate ties to social and governmental sectors by identifying common long-term interests. Currently President Figueres is CEO of Concordia 21 in Spain, dedicated to supporting organisations which promote development and democratic values around the world. Figueres is a member of the Board of Trustees of DARA and member of the Advisory Board of the Humanitarian Response Index. He holds an Industrial Engineering Degree from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, and a Masters in Public Administration from the JFK School of Government, Harvard University.

Edward Girardet is a journalist, writer and producer who has reported widely from humanitarian and conflict zones in Africa, Asia and elsewhere since late 1970s. As a foreign correspondent for The Christian Science Monitor, US News and World Report, and The MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour based in Paris, he started covering Afghanistan several months prior to the Soviet invasion in 1979. He has worked on numerous television current affairs and documentary segments on subjects ranging from the war in Angola to lost tribes in Western New Guinea and environmental issues in Africa for major European and North American broadcasters.

In the mid-1990s, Mr. Girardet became co-founding director of CROSSLINES Global Report and Media Action International. Today, he writes for National Geographic Magazine, The Christian Science Monitor, International Herald Tribune and other publications on humanitarian, media and conflict issues. Girardet has also written and edited several books, notably Afghanistan – The Soviet War (1985), Somalia, Rwanda and Beyond (1996) Populations in Danger (1996) and The CROSSLINES Essential Field Guide to Afghanistan (1998, 2004 and 2006). Girardet is a founding director of CROSSLINES Essential Media, which produces the community webzine The Essential Edge to the Lake Geneva and Southern Alps Region. He is also journalist advisor and programme director of the Media21 Global Journalism Network initiative (www.media21geneva.org) in Geneva.

Brendan Gormley MBE, after graduating from Trinity College Cambridge, lived in Africa and the Middle East for ten years working on development programmes specialising in agro-pastoral and urban renewal issues. He returned to the UK where he was Oxfam’s Africa Director for most of the nineties. He became the first Chief Executive of the DEC in 2000. He served as Chair of ACORD and is a Trustee of the One World Broadcasting Trust and the Noel-Buxton Trust.

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

Jemilah Mahmood is the Founder and President of MERCY Malaysia, a humanitarian organisation based in Malaysia with operations in 14 countries globally. She has also been the Chairperson of the Asian Disaster Reduction and Response Network since 2004. Currently, she is Vice Chairperson of the International Council of Voluntary Agencies and a board member of Humanitarian Accountability Partnership International. Dr. Mahmood is a member of the United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination Team (UNDAC). She is also a member of the United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) Advisory Board since 2006. She is the current non-Un Co-Chair of the Global Humanitarian Platform.

Karen Marón is an Argentine journalist and producer. As an international correspondent she covers the Middle East, Persian Gulf, Latin America and Africa, including the world’s most troubled spots such as Iraq, Lebanon, Colombia and the Arab-Israeli conflict. Her reports are broadcast by a number of media including Radio France International, BBC World (UK), NBC-Telemundo (USA), Folha de S. Paulo (Brazil), El Universal (Mexico), El Tiempo, El Espectador and Caracol Radio (Colombia). Marón is widely recognised for her professionalism in Iraq during the American military occupation. From this perilous beginning, since 2004 she has broadcast comprehensive news stories from that country to the Spanish-speaking world. Her reports stand out as on-the-spot accounts of the humanitarian, economic, social and political situation, giving special attention to the victims of war.

Manual Sánchez-Montero has been the Research Director at FRIDE since 2007. He was a founder of the Fundación Acción contra el Hambre in Spain in 1994, where he was responsible for the Operations until October 2007. He has also worked as a coordinator for humanitarian programmes in the field in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia (1998-99), Chad (1997-98) and the Balkans (1993-94). Manuel has a degree in Law from the Universidad Autonóma de Madrid and MA in Foreign Business by the Business Chamber of Madrid. He has also participated as professor on several postgraduate studies on International Cooperation and Humanitarian Action and written several books and articles on Aid and International Relations.

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

Mario A. Murillo is Associate Professor in the School of Communication at Hofstra University in New York, where he teaches a number of courses in radio production, journalism, media aesthetics, and Latin American media. An award-winning radio journalist and feature documentary producer, he has worked as a correspondent and producer in commercial, public, and community radio for the past 22 years. He is author of Colombia and the United States: War, Unrest and Destabilization (Seven Stories Press, 2004; the Spanish translation was published by Editorial Popular in Madrid, 2004), and Islands of Resistance: Puerto Rico, Vieques, and U.S. Policy (Seven Stories Press, 2002). He is the recipient of a Fulbright Research Fellowship in Colombia for 2008, where he will be working on his latest book looks at the indigenous movement and its uses of communication media in their daily work.

Ben Parker has been working in media, information and humanitarian issues since 1989. He has worked mainly for UN agencies in Africa, but also as a freelance writer and technology consultant. In the early 1990s, initially to access satellite imagery, he became involved in some of the first e-mail facilities in Ethiopia, Eritrea and Kenya. Co-founding IRIN in 1995, he set up the initial editorial and technology systems, and subsequently worked in the private sector for Africa Online.

As a UN communications officer in Sudan from 2003-2006, he was closely involved in raising the alarm internationally and released some of the first widely-available photos and TV footage of Darfur. After a brief stint at ECHO, he returned to IRIN as its global Editor-in- Chief in late 2006.

David Pratt is a journalist, author and foreign editor of the Sunday Herald. He has been a foreign correspondent for over twenty years. As a reporter, photojournalist and TV cameraman, he has worked for Reuters, Agence France Presse, the Institute for War and Peace Reporting {iwpr} and is a regular contributor to BBC radio on conflict and foreign affairs issues. He has covered wars in Bosnia, Afghanistan, Iraq, Israel and Palestine, Haiti, and across Africa, including Liberia, Congo, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Sudan and Somalia. While Foreign Editor of the Sunday Herald, the newspaper has three times won the 'Best Foreign Coverage Award' in the Newspaper of the Year Awards. He has also twice been shortlisted as Reporter of the Year in the Scottish Press Awards, for his coverage of Afghanistan and Iraq. His first book - Intifada: ' The Long Day of Rage' was published in 2006.

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

Lisa Robinson has worked for the BBC World Service Trust since 2004 with a focus on projects in Africa. Her current work centres on humanitarian response strategies through media and outreach. She has managed a range of thematic projects including lifeline broadcasting in Darfur, HIV and AIDS in Angola, livestock and livelihoods in Somalia, and governance in Sierra Leone.

Tim Singleton has been Head of Foreign News at ITV news for three years. Before that he was in charge of political coverage. He coordinated coverage in the field of the tsunami; Indian and Turkish earthquakes; refugee crisis in Kosovo; and the Gulf war

Rafael Vilasanjuan is the Deputy Director of the Centre for Contemporary Culture in Barcelona. From 2000 until 2004 he was the General Secretary of Medecins Sans Frontieres, representing also the organization at the SCHR (Steering Committee for Humanitarian Response) where he was Chair 2002/03. He joined MSF in 1995 covering different positions including Communications Director and General Director of the Spanish section until appointed General Secretary of the MSF movement. During this period he worked and covered different crisis including Rwanda (1995), Colombia (1997) Sudan (1998), Chechenya (2000) and Afghanistan (2001). Journalist (Degree in Journalism and Political Science) has been working as a journalist in spanish media (La Vanguardia, Antena 3) and currently he is member of the advisory board of 'El Periodico' where he has a weekly column on humanitarian issues and International affairs. He was also Deputy Director of Communication for the Olympics in Barcelona (1992) and advisor to the director of Communications in Atlanta Olympics.

Daniel Wermus, born in Geneva in 1951, is an international journalist and the founder of InfoSud, a non profit Press Agency since 1988. InfoSud, a multi-cultural network of journalists, has published 15,000 articles on North-South issues. After graduating from the Institute of International Studies in Geneva in 1973, he worked as a reporter with the Tribune de Genève (1976-88) and a freelance collaborator with Swiss television (TSR/1978-84). Has numerous experience of reporting from Latin America, Africa and Asia about social, environmental, development and other global issues. Daniel is the initiator of Media21 Global Journalism Network Geneva- (www.media21geneva.org) and the Human Rights Tribune online journal (www.humanrightsgeneva.info) (both in 2006).

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

LISTPARTICIPANTS OF PARTICIPANTS LIST

Kate Adie [email protected] BBC Aldara Collet [email protected] DARA Michael Ahrens vn05-3@auswaertiges- Glenda Cooper amt.de German Foreign Ministry [email protected] Nuffield College, Oxford Peter Arnett [email protected] Independent journalist John Cosgrave [email protected] InterWorks Europe Laura Altinger [email protected] DARA Neils Dabelstein [email protected] Danish Fe Andaya [email protected] Center Institute for International Studies for Disaster Preparedness Stefan Dahlgren [email protected] Jock Baker [email protected] Sida CARE Steve Darvill [email protected] Krishna Belbase [email protected] OECD UNICEF Véronique de Geoffroy [email protected] Matt Bannerman Groupe URD [email protected] ECB Project James Deane [email protected] BBC Sally Begbie [email protected] Manuel Dengo [email protected] DARA Global Hand Bill Dowell [email protected] Alberto Begué Aguado Independent [email protected] Ministerio de Lars Elle [email protected] DANIDA Asuntos Exteriores Fernando Espada [email protected] Jonathan Benthall DARA [email protected] University College, London Lucía Fernández [email protected] DARA Niels Bentzen [email protected] Danish Refugee Council Marta Fernández [email protected] DARA Mihir Bhatt [email protected] AIDMI Valentina Ferrara [email protected] Nelly Blokker [email protected] DARA Netherlands Foreign Ministry José María Figueres [email protected] John Borton [email protected] DARA Independent Verónica Foubert [email protected] Melanie Brooks [email protected] CARE SPHERE Martyn Broughton Mitsuaki Furukawa [email protected] [email protected] JICA Reuters Alertnet José María Gallardo, Belén Buenadicha [email protected], [email protected] DARA Médicos del Mundo Fiona Callister [email protected] Fernando García Calero CAFOD [email protected] IECAH Eva Calvo [email protected] Cruz Roja Paz García Montes [email protected] Española AECID María Carrión [email protected] Gilles Gasser [email protected] DARA Adrian Ciancio [email protected] ReliefWeb

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Esben Geist [email protected] Danish Beatriz Iraburu, [email protected], Refugee Council DARA Peter Giesen [email protected] Pat Johns [email protected] CRS Netherlands Red Cross Alison Joyner [email protected] Josse Gillins [email protected] IFRC Sphere Ed Girardet [email protected] Media Jean-Philippe Jutzi Jean- 21 [email protected] SDC Lula Gómez [email protected] Carolina Kern [email protected] ODI Nieves González [email protected] Frank Kirwan [email protected] Irish Aid DARA Vivian Kitainda [email protected] Bárbara González del Valle African Humanitarian Foundation [email protected] Club de Madrid Rachel Kleinberg [email protected] Brendan Gormley [email protected] DARA Disasters Emergency Committee Katherine Knowles [email protected] Claire Goudsmit [email protected] Netherlands Red Cross CAFOD Richard Koranteng [email protected] François Grünewald [email protected] Volta Basin Development Foundation Groupe URD Gunilla Kuperus Colin Hadkiss [email protected] ALNAP [email protected] MSF- Secretariat Holland Eisa Hamouda [email protected] Janey Lawry-White janey.lawry- Independent [email protected] UNDP Paul Harvey [email protected] ODI Augusto López Claros [email protected] DARA Annette Haug [email protected] NORAD Henrik Lund [email protected] DARA Caroline Heider [email protected] Jemilah Mahmood [email protected] WFP Mercy Malaysia Marian Hens [email protected] Daniela Mamone [email protected] Freelance journalist DARA Christopher Hepp Saku Mapa [email protected] ALNAP [email protected] Independent Secretariat Silvia Hidalgo [email protected] DARA Marta Marañón [email protected] DARA Claude Hilfiker [email protected] OCHA Karen Marón [email protected] Charles-Antoine Hofmann Freelance journalist [email protected] British Red Cross Ana Martiningui [email protected] DARA Paula Hokkanen [email protected] VOICE Daryl Martyris [email protected] Save the Children US Simon Horner, [email protected], ECHO David Mathieson [email protected] BBVA Jamo Huddle [email protected] World Vision

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Annina Mattsson Jordi Passola [email protected] Channel [email protected] MSF Research International Yves Mauron Agustín Pérez Vilaplana [email protected] SDC [email protected] DARA Judith Melby [email protected] Nicoletta Pergolizzi Christian Aid [email protected] ECHO Petra Milewski vn05-93@auswaertiges- Riccardo Polastro [email protected] amt.de German Foreign Ministry DARA Sarah Milnes [email protected] RedR Yolanda Polo [email protected] DARA John Mitchell [email protected] ALNAP Soledad Posada [email protected] Secretariat DARA Eleanor Monbiot [email protected] Jonathan Potter [email protected] World Vision People In Aid Peter Morris [email protected] David Pratt [email protected] USAID/OFDA The Sunday Herald Mario Alfonso Murillo Karen Proudlock [email protected] [email protected] Hofstra University ALNAP Secretariat Donal Murray [email protected] Irish Aid Ben Ramalingam [email protected] ALNAP Secretariat Khamis Mwinyimbegu [email protected] African Marybeth Redheffer [email protected] Humanitarian Foundation DARA Allan Nairn [email protected] Stuart Reigeluth [email protected] Independent CitPax Mamadou Ndiaye [email protected] Paco Rey [email protected] OFADEC IECAH Ian O'Donnell [email protected] Gabriel Reyes Leguen ProVention Consortium [email protected] Toledo International Centre for Peace Michel Ogrizec [email protected] DARA Mathias Rickli [email protected] SDC Phil O'Keefe [email protected] ETC UK Ltd José Riera [email protected] UNHCR Carlos Oliver [email protected] DARA John Rivera [email protected] CRS Jude Onyedinma [email protected] World Sylvie Robert Hope Foundation [email protected] Independent Franziska Orphal [email protected] ALNAP Secretariat Lisa Robinson [email protected] BBC World Service Trust Paloma Ortega [email protected] Fundacón Chandra Carlos Rodríguez Ariza [email protected] Ministerio de Juliet Parker [email protected] Asuntos Exteriores Christian Aid Ana Romero [email protected] DARA Ben Parker [email protected] IRIN

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

José Manuel Romero, [email protected], Antje van Reoden [email protected] DARA ICRC Ana Roncal [email protected] DARA Mathew Varghese [email protected] UNICEF Elena Roncal [email protected] DARA Gonzalo Vega Molina Joanne Rose [email protected] ETC [email protected] AECID UK Ltd Rafael Vilasanjuán [email protected] Daniela Ruegenberg Centre de cultura contemporànea de [email protected] DARA Barcelona Peter Runge [email protected] VENRO Maria von Bredow Catherine Russ [email protected] [email protected] Contigo RedR Eva von Oelreich [email protected] SCHR Juan Sáenz [email protected] Independent Stephen Wainwright Manuel Sánchez-Montero msanchez- [email protected] IFRC [email protected] FRIDE Peter Walker [email protected] Tufts Ivan Scott [email protected] Oxfam University Giuliana Sgrena [email protected] Il Nacho Wilhelmi [email protected] Manifesto DARA Tim Singleton [email protected] Pauline Wilson Independent Television News [email protected] Ricardo Solé Arques [email protected] Independent DARA Kim Wuyts [email protected] DARA Jonathan Spencer [email protected] Tearfund Nicholas Stockton [email protected] HAP International Velina Stoianova [email protected] FRIDE Michelle Sullivan [email protected] AusAID Philip Tamminga [email protected] DARA Nigel Timmins [email protected] Tearfund Ilya Topper [email protected] La Clave Mike Tozer [email protected] Global Hand Ana Urgoiti, [email protected], Independent Leonard van Duijn [email protected] Oxford Brookes Universlty

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News Media and Humanitarian Aid 23rd ALNAP Biannual Meeting, Madrid 4th June 2008

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ACTIVE LEARNING NETWORK FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND PERFORMANCE IN HUMANITARIAN ACTION

ALNAP, the Action Learning Network for Accountability and Performance in Humanitarian Action, was established in 1997, following the multi-agency evaluation of the Rwanda genocide. It is a collective response by the humanitarian sector, dedicated to strengthening humanitarian performance through improved learning and accountability. It is a unique network of the key international humanitarian organisations and experts from across the humanitarian sector, including members from donor, NGO, Red Cross/Crescent, UN and independent/academic organisations. ALNAP’s vision is of a world where the lives of all people affected by any humanitarian crisis are valued equally by the humanitarian system. Humanitarian assistance will be offered to those in need wherever they live in the world and regardless of their geographical origin, gender, religion or politics. Humanitarian assistance will be in proportion to humanitarian need, and of high quality; it will support longer-term recovery and development processes, enhance safety when necessary and be delivered in a way that respects the dignity of the recipient. The 2008-2013 ALNAP Strategy lists five Strategic Objectives. ALNAP will:

ƒ Establish strong links between learning processes and improvements in humanitarian policy and field practice

ƒ Advocate for and actively promote improvements in performance in the humanitarian sector.

ƒ Improve system-wide fora for active learning and the exchange of experiences and ideas.

ƒ Work to improve the quality and utilisation of evaluations within the Network and throughout the humanitarian system.

ƒ Expand its global reach and engagement in order to better promote humanitarian learning.

To find out more about ALNAP and its activities, visit www.alnap.org

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