Innate Pro–B-Cell Progenitors Protect Against Type 1 Diabetes By
Innate pro–B-cell progenitors protect against type 1 PNAS PLUS diabetes by regulating autoimmune effector T cells Ruddy Montandona,b,1, Sarantis Korniotisa,b,1, Esther Layseca-Espinosaa,b,2, Christophe Grasa,b, Jérôme Mégretc, Sophie Ezinea,d, Michel Dya,b, and Flora Zavalaa,b,3 aFaculté de Médecine Site Necker, Université Paris Descartes, bCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8147, 75015 Paris, France; cInstitut Fédératif de Recherche 94 Necker-Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France; and dInstitut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1020, 75015 Paris, France Edited by Simon Fillatreau, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany, and accepted by the Editorial Board May 6, 2013 (received for review December 24, 2012) Diverse hematopoietic progenitors, including myeloid populations emergence of regulatory B cells (Bregs), along with acquired-type arising in inflammatory and tumoral conditions and multipotent stimulation, such as B-cell receptor (BCR) engagement concomi- cells, mobilized by hematopoietic growth factors or emerging during tant or not with CD40 activation (10, 11). Such induced regulatory parasitic infections, display tolerogenic properties. Innate immune B-cell functions are believed to be more robust than those ex- stimuli confer regulatory functions to various mature B-cell subsets pressed by naive and resting B cells, which can nevertheless tolerize but immature B-cell progenitors endowed with suppressive proper- naive T cells and induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) (12, 13). ties per se or after differentiating into more mature regulatory Bregs are a heterogeneous lymphocyte subset present among all B cells remain to be characterized. Herein we provide evidence for major B-cell populations (14–17).
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