DOCSLIB.ORG

Mexico-Systematic-Country-Diagnostic.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mexico-Systematic-Country-Diagnostic.Pdf Public Disclosure Authorized Systematic Country Diagnostic Public Disclosure Authorized Mexico Systematic Public Disclosure Authorized Country DiagnosticNovember 2018 Mexico Public Disclosure Authorized © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 21 20 19 18 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclu- sions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privi- leges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2018. Mexico - Systematic Country Diagnostic (English). Washington, D.C. : World Bank Group. Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank. Third-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third- party-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to reuse a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether per- mission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the World Bank’s Senior Communica- tions Officer for Mexico; e-mail: [email protected]. Cover design: www.sonideas.com / Alejandro Espinosa Contents List of abbreviations •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••9 Acknowledgements •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••11 1. Overview •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••15 1.1 Setting the stage ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 15 1.1.1. Reform progress ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 15 1.1.2. Other key defining characteristics •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 19 1.2 Growth dynamics •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 22 1.3 Poverty reduction, shared prosperity, and inclusion dynamics •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 24 1.4 Sustainability issues •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 28 1.5 Structural impediments •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 29 1.5.1. Product and factor markets •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 30 1.5.2. Rule of law institutions ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 31 1.5.3. Resource allocation and institutional policy coordination ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••32 1.6 Priorities ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••33 2. Growth •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••37 2.1 Convergence, growth, and trade dynamics •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 37 2.2 Dynamics affecting growth rates •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••44 2.2.1. Business cycles and aggregate shocks ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••44 2.2.2. Limited capital accumulation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••44 2.2.3. Significant regional growth disparities and limited regional convergence •••••••••••••••••• 47 2.2.4. Limited productivity growth and significant dispersion across regions, sectors, and firms ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••48 3. Inclusion ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••57 3.1 Social inclusion dynamics •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 57 3.2 Trends in productive inclusion•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••64 3.2.1. Human capital: access to education is near universal but student performance lags behind ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••64 3.2.2. Natural capital: uneven development in agriculture and forestry •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 68 3.2.3. Social capital: low civil engagement and social cohesion prevents productive inclusion ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 70 CONTENTS 3.3 Unequal service delivery amplifies inequalities •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 71 3.4 Decreasing labor productivity across the skills distribution •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 75 3.5 Low female and youth labor force participation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 75 4. Key sustainability challenges •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••79 4.1 Fiscal sustainability •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 79 4.2 Environmental sustainability •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 82 4.3 Social sustainability •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••89 5. Unlocking Mexico’s inclusive growth potential ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••93 5.1 Structural impediments to inclusive growth ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 93 5.1.1. Product and factor markets ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 95 5.1.2. Rule of law institutions •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 104 5.1.3. Resource allocation and institutional policy coordination ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 108 5.2 Prioritization process: From structural impediments to priority policy areas •••••••••••••••••••••••••116 5.3 Knowledge gaps and data limitations •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 118 References •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 121 Annex 1. Identification
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mexico's Economic Competitiveness Strategy at a Geopolitical Inflection
    A NEW ADMINISTRATION CONFRONTS A CHANGING WORLD: MEXICO’S ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS STRATEGY AT A GEOPOLITICAL INFLECTION POINT CHRISTOPHER WILSON GOVERNANCE | MAY 2019 A NEW ADMINISTRATION CONFRONTS A CHANGING WORLD: MEXICO’S ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS STRATEGY AT A GEOPOLITICAL INFLECTION POINT CHRISTOPHER WILSON EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Some three decades ago, Mexico made a bet on the global economy, and at a time when populism and protectionism are on the rise, the payoff is at risk. In response, Mexico must double down on its openness while addressing the critical structural problems, including corruption and inequality, that inhibit its domestic economy and led to the sweeping electoral victory of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) in 2018. This essay reviews Mexico’s economic progress and the challenges ahead as a new administration takes office at a time of significant stress on regional and global economic institutions. For more than a half-century following the Mexican Revolution, the country’s foreign policy was based on the principal of noninterventionism, a not so subtle way of telling the United States and others not to meddle in Mexico’s domestic affairs. The economic equivalent was Mexico’s policy of import substitution, which raised tariffs and barriers to foreign investment designed to protect the country’s domestic industries from international competition. The two combined to make Mexico an insular country, and despite the significant economic expansion achieved in the decades following World War II, by the 1970s, Mexico’s economy and politics were showing signs of strain. In the following decade, Mexico’s relationship with the world was flipped on its head.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Problems and Obstacles of Corruption in Mexico
    ISSUE BRIEF 09.13.18 Understanding the Problems and Obstacles of Corruption in Mexico Jose I. Rodriguez-Sanchez, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Research Fellow in International Trade, Mexico Center Corruption is an ancient and complex and public issue. Some focus on it in the phenomenon. It has been present in public sector; others examine it in the private various forms since the earliest ancient sector. Of the various approaches to defining Mesopotamian civilizations, when abuses corruption, the most controversial approach from public officials for personal gain were is that of the so-called moralists. From the recorded.1 Discussions on political corruption moralist perspective, an act of corruption also appeared in the writings of Greek should not be defined as wrong or illegal, philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle.2 as it is contextual and depends upon the For centuries now, philosophers, sociologists, norms of the society in which it occurs. This political scientists, and historians have perspective, though important, has been analyzed the concept of corruption, usually largely avoided by modern social scientists in in the context of bribery. More recently, in favor of an institutional approach to defining the face of globalization and political and corruption, which is based on legal norms that financial integration, the study of corruption resolve conflicts between different sectors has broadened to include many different of a society that are affected by corruption. manifestations. Even so, there is not a single This institutional approach may better help in definition of corruption accepted by scholars measuring and combating corruption. and institutions working on this issue.
    [Show full text]
  • Becle, S.A.B. De C.V
    [Translation for informational purposes only] ANNUAL REPORT FILED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO ISSUERS OF SECURITIES AND TO OTHER PARTICIPANTS IN THE SECURITIES MARKET, FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018. BECLE, S.A.B. DE C.V. Guillermo González Camarena No.800-4, Col. Zedec Santa Fe, C.P. 01210, Mexico City, Mexico “CUERVO” Securities Representing the Capital Stock of the Issuer Characteristics Market in which they are registered Single Series Shares of Common Stock Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. The securities of the issuer referred to above are registered in the National Securities Registry (Registro Nacional de Valores). Registration in the National Securities Registry (Registro Nacional de Valores) does not certify the soundness of the securities or the solvency of the issuer, or the accuracy or veracity of the information contained in the prospectus, and it does not validate the actions that, as applicable, have been performed in contravention of applicable law. [Translation for informational purposes only] TABLE OF CONTENTS 1) Overview 4 A) GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 4 B) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 C) RISK FACTORS 22 D) OTHER SECURITIES 42 E) MATERIAL CHANGES TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NATIONAL SECURITIES REGISTRY 43 F) PUBLIC DOCUMENTS 44 2) THE COMPANY 45 A) HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY 45 B) BUSINESS DESCRIPTION 49 i) Main Activity 49 ii) Distribution Channels 61 iii) Patents, licenses, brands and other agreements 63 iv) Main customers 64 v) Applicable law
    [Show full text]
  • The Protection of Human Rights in the Mexican
    THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE MEXICAN REPUBLICANISM CARLOS ALBERTO AGUILAR BLANCAS1 Abstract: Democracy is not only a procedure of choice and citizen participation, but also a set of values that affirm freedom and citizen’s rights. The reform of 2011 rose to constitutional rank the defence, protection and promotion of human rights, representing an unprecedented historic breakthrough. With these reforms, Mexico seeks to consolidate its constitutional system adapting it to reality, increasing its cultural diversity, values and traditions that have been shaping the Mexican identity. The full knowledge of their rights produces a citizenship aware of them, which, even for Mexico, is a long-term task. KEYWORDS: State, Government, Mexican Constitutional Law, Human Rights, International Law, Sovereignty. Summary: I. INTRODUCTION; II. AN APPROACH TO THE RULE OF LAW IN MEXICO; II.1. General aspects of the rule of law; II.2. Rule of law in Mexico; III. SCOPE OF CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN RIGHTS FROM 2011; III.1. Aspects of the reform in the field of human rights, III.2. Jurisdictional implications of the reform in the field of human rights; III.3. Realities and prospects of human rights in Mexico; IV. CONCLUSIONS; V. REFERENCES. I. INTRODUCTION The constitutional state is characterized by the defence of the fundamental rights of individuals, in contrast to the classic constitutionalism, which sought the political freedom of the citizens against the public abuse of power (SCHMITT, 1992: 138), i.e., in those days it was reflected that there was not a bourgeois rule of law, that there was no individual rights and the separation or division of powers was not established.
    [Show full text]
  • Evangelicals and Political Power in Latin America JOSÉ LUIS PÉREZ GUADALUPE
    Evangelicals and Political Power in Latin America in Latin America Power and Political Evangelicals JOSÉ LUIS PÉREZ GUADALUPE We are a political foundation that is active One of the most noticeable changes in Latin America in 18 forums for civic education and regional offices throughout Germany. during recent decades has been the rise of the Evangeli- Around 100 offices abroad oversee cal churches from a minority to a powerful factor. This projects in more than 120 countries. Our José Luis Pérez Guadalupe is a professor applies not only to their cultural and social role but increa- headquarters are split between Sankt and researcher at the Universidad del Pacífico Augustin near Bonn and Berlin. singly also to their involvement in politics. While this Postgraduate School, an advisor to the Konrad Adenauer and his principles Peruvian Episcopal Conference (Conferencia development has been evident to observers for quite a define our guidelines, our duty and our Episcopal Peruana) and Vice-President of the while, it especially caught the world´s attention in 2018 mission. The foundation adopted the Institute of Social-Christian Studies of Peru when an Evangelical pastor, Fabricio Alvarado, won the name of the first German Federal Chan- (Instituto de Estudios Social Cristianos - IESC). cellor in 1964 after it emerged from the He has also been in public office as the Minis- first round of the presidential elections in Costa Rica and Society for Christian Democratic Educa- ter of Interior (2015-2016) and President of the — even more so — when Jair Bolsonaro became Presi- tion, which was founded in 1955. National Penitentiary Institute of Peru (Institu- dent of Brazil relying heavily on his close ties to the coun- to Nacional Penitenciario del Perú) We are committed to peace, freedom and (2011-2014).
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign Entry and the Mexican Banking System
    These Are the Good Old Days: Foreign Entry and the Mexican Banking System Stephen Haber Aldo Musacchio Working Paper 13-062 January 10, 2013 Copyright © 2013 by Stephen Haber and Aldo Musacchio Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. These Are the Good Old Days: Foreign Entry and the Mexican Banking System Stephen Haber And Aldo Musacchio** ** Haber is Peter and Helen Bing Senior Fellow of the Hoover Institution and A.A. and Jeanne Welch Milligan Professor, Department of Political Science, Stanford University. He is also a Research Economist at the National Bureau of Economic Research. Musacchio is an Associate Professor of Business, Government, and the International Economy at the Harvard Business School, and a Research Fellow at the National Bureau of Economic Research. 1 SUMMARY THESE ARE THE GOOD OLD DAYS: FOREIGN ENTRY AND THE MEXICAN BANKING SYSTEM In 1997, the Mexican government reversed long-standing policies and allowed foreign banks to purchase Mexico’s largest commercial banks and relaxed restrictions on the founding of new, foreign-owned banks. The result has been a dramatic shift in the ownership structure of Mexico’s banks. For instance, while in 1991 only one percent of bank assets in Mexico were foreign owned, today they control 74 percent of assets. In no other country in the world has the penetration of foreign banks been as rapid or as far-reaching as in Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • The Civil Society-Driven Anti-Corruption Push in Mexico During the Enrique
    MEXICO CASE STUDY Rise and Fall: Mexican Civil Society’s Anti-Corruption Push in the Peña Nieto Years Roberto Simon AS/COA Anti Corruption Working Group Mexican Civil Society’s Anti-Corruption Push in the Peña Nieto Years Rise and Fall: Mexican Civil Society’s Anti-Corruption Push in the Peña Nieto Years Mexico City — “Saving Mexico” declared the cover of Time magazine, alongside a portrait of President Enrique Peña Nieto gazing confidently toward the future.1 Elected in 2012, Peña Nieto had been in power for only 15 months, yet already his bold reform agenda — dubbed the “Pacto por Mexico” (Pact for Mexico) — had made him a darling of global investors. Time noted that the president — “assisted by a group of young technocrats (including) Finance Minister Luis Videgaray and Pemex chief Emilio Lozoya” — was making history by breaking Mexico’s eight-decade state monopoly over the energy industry. “And the oil reform might not even be Peña Nieto’s most important victory,” the magazine said. There was “evidence” that Peña Nieto was about to “challenge Mexico’s entrenched powers.” While most investors focused on the deep regulatory changes under way, leading Mexican civil society organizations were looking at another critical promise in the Pacto por Mexico: fighting endemic corruption. “For centuries, corruption has been one of the central elements of the Mexican state (and) a constant in shaping the political system,” said Jorge Buendía, a prominent pollster and political analyst. A powerful governor from the 1960s to the 1980s allegedly once said that in Mexico “a poor politician is a poor politician.”2 And by the time Peña Nieto came to power, most in the country believed that things hadn’t really changed.
    [Show full text]
  • BIENESTAR Y DESARROLLO Construyendo El Bienestar Para Todos DOCUMENTO PÚBLICO Gracias Por Su Lectura
    Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables Cuadernos sobre Nº 9 Poblaciones Vulnerables 2013 BIENESTAR Y DESARROLLO construyendo el bienestar para todos DOCUMENTO PÚBLICO Gracias por su lectura. Ana Jara Velásquez, Ministra de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables – MIMP. Julio Andrés Rojas Julca, Viceministro de Poblaciones Vulnerables 2 Alfredo Alfaro, Director General de Población y Desarrollo. BIENESTAR Y DESARROLLO BIENESTAR “Toda persona tiene derecho a la vida, a su identidad, a su integridad moral, psíquica y física, y a su libre desarrollo y bienestar, así como a elegir su lugar de residencia, a transitarpor el territorio nacional y salir de él, salvo limitaciones por razones de sanidad o por mandato judicial o por aplicación de la ley de extranjería”. Constitución Política del Perú Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables CONTENIDOS I. PRESENTACIÓN II. MARCO JURIDICO 3 III. CAMBIOS DEMOGRAFICOS EN LA POBLACION PERUANA BIENESTAR Y DESARROLLO BIENESTAR IV. Demográficos en la Población Peruana V. Migración Interna e Internacional VI. Envejecimiento de la población VII. La Política de Población para el Período 2010-2014 VIII. Programa de Acción de la Conferencia Internacional en Población y Desarrollo y su seguimiento después de 2014 IX. La población en el Perú X. Peruanos en el exterior XI. Los jóvenes en el Perú XII. Poblaciones vulnerables Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables Presentación En el año 2021, año del Bicentenario de En el año 2013 los hombres llegan a 4 nuestra Independencia Nacional, el Perú millones 191 mil 713 y representan el 50,6% alcanzará los 33 millones 149 mil habitantes. de la población joven.
    [Show full text]
  • Retrenchment, Expansion, and the Transformation of Mexican Social
    Retrenchment, expansion, and the transformation of Mexican social protection policies Michelle Dion Assistant Professor Sam Nunn School of International Affairs Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0610 [email protected] ABSTRACT: Social protection policies in Mexico have been transformed since 1988 through partial retrenchment of social insurance and significant expansion of targeted or means-tested social assistance. These changes reflect a substantial re-definition of social protection through incremental changes in policy. The changes reflect the abandonment of the goal of developing an employment-based, universal welfare regime, which had been pursued by Mexican governments as late as the 1970s. Instead, recent administrations have moved toward the redefinition of Mexico's welfare regime into a residual, mean-tested model with significant private provision of benefits and services. This shift in social protection is consistent with the change in Mexico’s overall economic development strategy and increasing political competition in the process of democratization. KEYWORDS: social protection, social assistance, social insurance, Mexico Published in Social Policy & Administration, 42, 4 (August 2008): 434 – 450. Introduction Throughout Latin America, the more economically advanced countries developed extensive social insurance institutions throughout the twentieth century. Usually, social insurance was an integral part of the import substitution industrialization (ISI) development model pursued by governments. In many countries, including in Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina, social insurance was also used by populist politicians or political parties to secure the support of the organized working class. Rapid economic collapse in the 1980s followed by economic restructuring in the 1990s not only led to the replacement of ISI with economic neoliberalism but also changed the underlying structure of the labor market and brought new pressures to bear on social insurance.
    [Show full text]
  • State, Water and the Production of the Latin American City
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304988035 State, Water and the Production of the Latin American City Chapter · January 2015 DOI: 10.1057/9781137468673_1 CITATIONS READS 0 149 1 author: Antonio Augusto Rossotto Ioris Cardiff University 257 PUBLICATIONS 1,963 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Environment and Development: Shared 21st Century Sustainability Challenges View project The Value Base of Water Governance in the Upper Paraguay River Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. View project All content following this page was uploaded by Antonio Augusto Rossotto Ioris on 30 September 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. This file is to be used only for a purpose specified by Palgrave Macmillan, such as checking proofs, preparing an index, reviewing, endorsing or planning coursework/other institutional needs. You may store and print the file and share it with others helping you with the specified purpose, but under no circumstances may the file be distributed or otherwise made accessible to any other third parties without the express prior permission of Palgrave Macmillan. Please contact [email protected] if you have any queries regarding use of the file. PROOF 1 State, Water and the Production of the Latin American City Abstract: Th e introductory chapter situates the debate on the Latin American city in the wider historical and geographical perspective of colonisation, nation building, economic development and neoliberal reforms. Because Latin America is a diversifi ed and dynamic region, a critical assessment of large-scale urbanisation off ers a helpful entry point into its socioeconomic and environmental complexity.
    [Show full text]
  • Cooperation Arrangement Between the Institute for the Protection of Bank Savings and the Single Resolution Board
    COOPERATION ARRANGEMENT BETWEEN THE INSTITUTE FOR THE PROTECTION OF BANK SAVINGS AND THE SINGLE RESOLUTION BOARD In view of the growing globalisation of the world’s financial markets and the increase in cross- border operations and activities of financial institutions, the Institute for the Protection of Bank Savings of the United Mexican States (Instituto para la Protección al Ahorro Bancario - “IPAB”) and the Single Resolution Board (“SRB”) have reached this Cooperation Arrangement (“CA”) on the exchange of information and cooperation in connection with the Resolution planning and the implementation of such planning with respect to Entities with cross-border operations. The IPAB and the SRB express, through this CA, their willingness to cooperate with each other in the interest of fulfilling their respective statutory objectives; enhancing communication and cooperation; assisting each other in the planning and the conduct of an orderly Resolution of an Entity; and maintaining confidence and financial stability in Mexico and the European Banking Union. SECTION ONE: DEFINITIONS 1. For the purpose of this CA the following definitions apply: A. “Authority” means the IPAB or the SRB; (i) “Requested Authority” means the Authority to whom a request is made under this CA; and (ii) “Requesting Authority” means the Authority making a request under this CA. B. “Authorities” means the IPAB and the SRB; C. “Entity” or “Entities” means any credit institution, entity, body or group which is under the direct scope of responsibilities of either of the two Authorities, according to Articles 1 and 67, Section I, of the Banking Savings Protection Law (“Ley de Protección al Ahorro Bancario”) in conjunction with Article 2 of the SRM Regulation respectively; D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Historical Consequences of Institutionalised
    THE HISTORICAL CONSEQUENCES OF INSTITUTIONALISED CORRUPTION IN MODERN MEXICO by Michael Malkemus, B.A. A thesis submitted to the Graduate Council of Texas State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with a Major in Political Science December 2014 Committee Members: Omar Sanchez-Sibony, Chair Edward Mihalkanin Paul Hart COPYRIGHT by Michael Malkemus 2014 FAIR USE AND AUTHOR’S PERMISSION STATEMENT Fair Use This work is protected by the Copyright Laws of the United States (Public Law 94-553, section 107). Consistent with fair use as defined in the Copyright Laws, brief quotations from this material are allowed with proper acknowledgment. Use of this material for financial gain without the author’s express written permission is not allowed. Duplication Permission As the copyright holder of this work I, Michael Malkemus, authorize duplication of this work, in whole or in part, for educational or scholarly purposes only. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is a culmination of many years of passionate and exciting study of México. Its culture, politics, and people have long fascinated me. Therefore, first and foremost, the people of México must be warmly acknowledged. Secondly, I would like to extend gratitude to all of my professors and mentors that have introduced and taught me vital concepts relating to the political culture of México and Latin America. Finally, this would have been impossible without my parents and their unwavering support. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]