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Home , Arch of Trajan (Ancona), Column of Antoninus Pius, Domus Transitoria, House of Sallust, Tomb of the Augurs, Tomb of the Diver

Index

Achilles (subject) 42–43, 140, 156, 161, 170, 291; Arches Basilica 81 Figs. 2.23, 6.26, 10.19 Arc de Triomphe, Paris 359–360; Aemilia 135–136; Fig. 5.22 acroterion 33, 37, 39; Fig. 2.14 Fig. 12.26 Constantine, Trier 338–339; Figs. 12.4–12.5 Actaeon (subject) 176, 241; Figs. 6.33, 8.34 Arcus Novus, 311 Nova, Rome 340; Figs. 12.6–12.7 Adamclisi, Tropaeum Traiani 229–230; of Argentarii, Rome 287; Figs. 10.14, 10.15 81–83; Figs. 4.5, 4.6 Figs. 8.20–8.21 of Constantine, Rome 341–346; Severan, Lepcis Magna 296, 299; adlocutio 116, 232, 256; Figs. 5.2, 8.24, 9.13 Figs. 12.8–12.11 Figs. 10.26–10.27 adventus 63, 203, 228, 256, 313, 350; of Galerius, Thessalonica 314–315; Ulpia, Rome 216; Fig. 8.5 Figs. 7.25, 8.23 Figs. 11.15–11.16 Baths aedicular niche 133; Fig. 5.20 of , Rome 256; Fig. 9.13 of Agrippa, Rome 118, 185, 279 aedile 12 of Septimius Severus, Lepcis of Caracalla, Rome 279–283; Aemilius Paullus 16, 65, 126 Magna 298–299; Figs. 10.28, 10.29 Figs. 10.7–10.10 Victory Monument 16, 107–108; of Septimius Severus, Rome 284–286; of Cart Drivers, Ostia 242–244; Fig. 8.37 Figs. 4.30, 4.31 Figs. 10.11–10.13 of Diocletian, Rome 320–322; Aeneas 27, 121, 122, 126, 127, 135, 140, 156, of Titus, Rome 201–203; Figs. 7.22–7.24 Figs. 11.23–11.24 175, 215, 354, 355; Figs. 5.7, 5.11, 8.2, of , Beneventum 16, 233, 237; of Neptune, Ostia 263; Fig. 9.20 12.21, 12.22 Figs. 8.28–8.31 of the Seven Sages, Ostia 260; Fig. 9.18 Agrippa 118, 121, 124, 132, 219, 279, 294; Archaistic style 129, 130; Figs. 5.16, 5.17 Stabian Baths, Pompeii 172; Fig. 6.28 Figs. 5.6, 5.10 architectural revolution 146, 167, 170, 177, “Temple of Mercury,” 141; Fig. 5.28 Alexander the Great 8, 96, 97, 126, 198; 205, 217, 219, 221, 223, 224, 259 of Titus, Rome 185 Fig. 4.21 arcuated (Syrian) pediment 173, 259; Beneventum Alexander Severus 277, 279; Fig. 10.6 Figs. 6.28, 9.17 Arch of Trajan 16, 233, 237; Figs. 8.28–8.31 amphitheater Aristoxenus, Promiscuous Banquets 55 bronze (material) 25, 37, 65–68, 117, 182, 186, Capua 237–240; Figs. 8.32–8.34 Artemis 350 284; Figs. 1.2, 1.8, 2.10, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, Flavian (), Rome 182–185, see also Diana 3.18, 3.19, 4.34, 6.11, 7.19, 8.2, 8.26, 9.3, 206; Figs. 7.3–7.5 Athena (deity) 34, 43, 153, 155, 198, 329 11.8–11.12, 12.2 Pompeii 88–90; Fig. 4.12 see also Minerva bulla 124; Fig. 5.10 Statilius Taurus, Rome 136 Athena (subject) 32, 33, 55, 350; Antinous 224, 233; Fig. 8.15 Figs. 2.14, 3.5, 12.17 caduceus 287 Antioch-on-the-Orontes (site) 326 atmospheric perspective 133, 170; Fig. 5.20 () (site) 21 House of the Atrium 326–328; atrium 14, 15, 23, 95, 101, 103, 205, 293; Banditaccia necropolis 22, 24, 27; Figs. 11.29–11.31 Figs. 1.13, 4.25, 10.23 Figs. 2.2, 2.7 House of the Boat of Psyches 330; Augustus Regolini-Galassi Tomb 24; Fig. 2.4 Fig. 11.33 Augustae 120–124; Figs. 5.6–5.10 Tomb of the Greek Vases 23 House of Menander 329–330; Fig. 11.32 City of Rome 112, 118–132; Fig. 5.3 Tomb of the Reliefs 23, 60; Fig. 3.10 246–247 corona civica 15, 120 Tomb of the Shields and Chairs 23; Fig. 2.3 Column 253–255; Figs. 9.11–9.12 dynasty 114, 115, 119, 120, 123, 141, 143 Caesarea Maritima 142–143; Fig. 5.29 Hadrianeum 253; Fig. 9.10 Forum Augustum 124–128; Caligula 146 portraiture 247; Fig. 9.1 Figs. 5.11–5.14 portraiture 146–147; Fig. 6.2 Aphrodisias Mausoleum 119–120; Figs. 5.4, 5.5 caldarium 133, 280, 321 Sebasteion 161–162; Figs. 6.15, 6.16 name and titles 114–115 Calydonian Boar Hunt (subject) 241, 265; Apollo (deity) 26, 43, 49, 100, 107, 121, 128–132; Fig. 5.15 Figs. 8.33, 9.24 128, 345 COPYRIGHTEDParthian victory 116 MATERIALcameo (material) 139, 148–149, 158–159; Apollo (subject) 26–27, 116, 129, 130, 140; Pontifex Maximus 115; Fig. 5.1 Figs. 5.27, 6.3, 6.12 Figs. 2.8, 5.2, 5.16, 5.17, 5.27, 8.27, 12.17 portraiture 115–117; Figs. 5.1, 5.2, 6.3, 6.4 capite velato 63, 115; Fig. 5.1 Apollodorus of Damascus, Res Gestae Divi Augusti 119–120 Capitoline She-wolf 3; Fig. 1.2 architect 215–219, 224, 257 rise to power 114 Capua (site) 19, 45 Apollonius and Tauriscus (sculptors) 281 virtues 120 amphitheater 237–238; apotheosis 34, 126, 189, 207, 253, 254, 361; Aurelian 305–306 Figs. 8.32–8.34 Figs. 9.11, 12.27 , Rome 305–306; Fig. 11.5 Caracalla 274 Apotheosis of Washington , U.S. Capitol, Baths 279–283; Figs. 10.7–10.10 Washington D.C. 360–361; Fig. 12.27 Baiae (site) 141; Fig. 5.28 portraiture 277; Figs. 10.1, 10.5 apotropaic 30, 151, 190, 260; Fig. 6.5 Barbarini Togatus 4; Fig. 1.3 caryatids 126, 223; Fig. 5.14 Ara Pacis Augustae 120–124; Figs. 5.6–5.10 barrel vaults 84, 167, 279, 340, 347 Cassia Victoria 249; Fig. 9.5

A History of , First Edition. Steven L. Tuck. © 2015 Steven L. Tuck. Published 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Cassius Dio, Roman History 224, 227, Monument, Rome 312–313; 213–214 246, 259, 274 Figs. 11.13–11.14 Hadrianeum 253; Fig. 9.10 cella 35 Decius 302; Fig. 11.3 Pantheon 219–221; Figs. 8.9–8.11 Chiusi 24–26; Figs. 2.5, 2.6 decursio 254 portraiture 214–215; Fig. 8.2 Christian art 354, 358–359; Figs. 12.19, 12.24 Demetrius the Topographer 94 tondi 233; Fig. 8.27 chthonic 29, 58 dentil frieze 80 villa at Tivoli 221–224, 240; Cicero 3, 8, 114 Diana (subject) 116, 176, 241; Figs. 5.16, 6.33 Figs. 8.12–8.15, 8.35, 8.36 Civil War Dido 140, 354–356; Figs. 12.21–12.23 virtuti Augusti medallions 233; Fig. 8.26 of 68–69 ce 179 Diocletian 307–308 Hellenistic style 8, 80, 92, 95, 108, 226 of 193 ce 274 Baths 320–322; Figs. 11.23–11.24 hemicycle 216–217 Classicizing style 66, 115, 160, 179, portraiture 308; Fig. 11.6 9, 187 230, 255, 275 see also Tetrarchy destruction 186–187 Cleopatra 114, 130 Diodorus Siculus 24, 94 House of Neptune and Claudius 19, 157 Dionysus (subject) 104, 290, 318, 326; Amphitrite 187–188; Fig. 7.7 , Rome 162–163; Fig. 6.17 Figs. 4.28, 6.30, 10.18, 11.30, 12.18 Sacellum of the Augustales 188–189; portraiture 157–158; Figs. 6.10, 6.11, 6.16 Domitian 197 Figs. 7.8–7.9 clementia 226, 318, 343 201–203; Figs. 7.22–7.24 Hercules (subject) 33–34, 45, 66–67, 189, clerestory 81 Cancelleria reliefs 203–204; Figs. 7.25, 7.26 251, 253, 282; Figs. 2.14, 3.16, 3.17, 5; Fig. 1.4 Forum Transitorium 198, 207, 212 5.17, 7.9, 10.10 coins palace on the Palatine Hill 207–209; herm 130; Fig. 5.18 Constantius 311; Fig. 11.10 Figs. 7.28–7.30 hierarchy of scale 40, 53, 62, 286, 313 Gordian III 309–310; Fig. 11.8 portraiture 197; Figs. 7.18, 7.19 hieros gamos 41 Maximian 311; Figs. 11.11–11.12 Aurea 168–171; Figs. 6.24–6.26 horror vacui 42 Petillius Capitolinus 36; Fig. 2.17 167–168; Figs. 6.22, 6.23 hortus Fig. 1.13 Postumus 310; Fig. 11.9 Doryphoros of Polykleitos 116–117 Titus 185; Fig. 7.5 Dura-Europos, house church 331–332; Fig. 11.34 imbrication 100 collocatio 205; Fig. 7.27 imperium sine fine 149, 159, 161 Colosseum 182–185, 206; Figs. 7.3–7.5 ekphrasis 206–207, 261 impluvium Fig. 1.13 Column El Djem, Tunisia (site) insula 260 of Antoninus Pius 253–255; Figs. 9.11–9.12 mosaic 288; Fig. 10.16 isocephaly 123, 159, 201, 204, 233, 237, 290 of Marcus Aurelius 17, 257; Figs. 9.14–9.16 encaustic painting 269 Italic style 7, 30, 137–139, 160; of Trajan 216–217, 225–228; see also painting, panel Figs. 2.10, 5.25, 5.26, 6.14, 9.9 Figs. 8.5, 8.16–8.19 entablature 100 ivory (material) 33, 37, 129; Fig. 2.5 Commodus 246–247 Ephesus portraiture 251, 253; Fig. 9.9 257–260; Fig. 9.17 Josephus, Jewish War 143, 186 Concordia Augustorum 246, 298 episodic narrative 16–17, 64, 205, 265, 355 Judgment of Paris 329 concrete see opus caementicium Eros (subject) 105, 116, 148, 268; Julia Domna 274 Constantine 335–336 Figs. 4.29, 5.2, 6.4, 9.26 portraiture 276–277; Figs. 10.1, 10.3–10.4 Arch, Rome 341–346; Figs. 12.8–12.11 Etruscans 19–27; Fig. 2.1 Julius Caesar 78, 114, 124 architecture at Trier 337–339; exedrae 126, 207, 280, 321, 325 Forum Iulium 93–94; Fig. 4.16 Figs. 12.3–12.5 Etrusco-Italic 5, 32, 80 Jupiter (subject) 27, 34–37, 148, 159; Basilica Nova, Rome 340; Figs. 12.6, 12.7 Figs. 2.15–2.17, 6.10, 6.28a conversion experience 335 fauces Fig. 1.13 Edict of Milan 345 Faustina the Elder 253; Fig. 9.11 Late Antique style 275, 335 Old St. Peter’s, Rome 346–347; Fig. 12.12 Faustina the Younger Lavinium 27 portraiture 336–337; Figs. 12.1–12.2 portraiture 249, 270; Fig. 9.4 Minerva Tritonia 27–29; Fig. 2.9 Santa Costanza, Rome 347; Figs. 12.13–12.14 Fayum mummy portraits see painting, panel lectus 80, 205; Fig. 7.27 contrapposto 29, 116, 159 Ficoroni Cista 2, 67–68; Fig. 3.17 Lepcis Magna 295; Fig. 10.24 copying 67, 117, 144, 324 Forma Urbis Romae 292–295; Figs. 10.20–10.23 Arch of Septimius Severus 298–299; Corbridge Lanx 350–351; Fig. 12.17 frigidarium 322 Figs. 10.28, 10.29 Cornelius Scipio Barbatus 78, 80; Fig. 4.1 funerary ritual in art 137–139; Figs. 2.24, harbor 296; Fig. 10.25 corona civica 15, 120, 159 3.6–3.8, 5.26, 7.27, 9.11–9.12 Severan basilica 296, 299; Figs. 10.26–10.27 Cosa (site) 72, 74–75; Fig. 3.24 Livia 117, 135, 146, 158, 160, 165, 277; Cryptoportici 86 Galerius Figs. 6.12, 6.19 cubiculum Fig. 1.13 Arch, Thessalonica 313–315; Livius Drusus 14 cuirass 116; Figs. 1.6, 5.2, 7.19, 8.2 Figs. 11.15–11.16 Livy 19, 49, 63, 65, 71–72, 79, 135 Cupid see Eros gates loggia 96, 97 cultural property controversies 2 city gate, Saepinum 151; Fig. 6.5 Low Ham (site) (site) 19, 45 Gate, Aurelian Walls, Rome 306; Fig. 11.5 mosaic 355; Figs. 12.21, 12.22 curule chair 233, 234, 318 Porta Maggiore, Rome 162–163; Fig. 6.17 Lucius Fabricius, curator viarum 91 Porta Nigra, Trier 338; Fig. 12.3 Lucius Laecanius Primitivus 249; Fig. 9.5 dado 57, 96, 170 Geta 274, 276 246–247 damnatio ad bestias 196, 288 gold (material) 24, 66, 133, 327; Fig. 2.4 portraiture 8–9; Fig. 1.7 damnatio memoriae 203, 287 Good Shepherd (subject) 318–320, 331; Lullingstone (site) Danaids 130; Fig. 5.18 Figs. 11.20–11.22, 11.34 mosaic 353–354, 356; Fig. 12.20

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mapping 294 217, 219, 221, 223, 279, 281, 306, 340; Polykleitos, Doryphoros 116–117 marble (material) 37, 81, 108, 109, 111, 115, Figs. 4.10, 4.12, 5.24, 5.28, 6.25, 7.29, Pomerium 63, 70, 72 117, 120, 128, 129, 161, 162, 189, 221, 8.6–8.9, 8.11, 10.8, 11.24, 12.7 Pompeii 225, 323, 327; Figs. 4.32, 4.35, 5.1, 5.2, 5.7, opus incertum 81, 86 amphitheater 88–90; Fig. 4.12 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.13, 5.14, 5.16, 5.18, 5.21, opus sectile 189, 195, 323 Basilica 82–83; Figs. 4.5, 4.6 5.22, 6.1, 6.2, 6.10, 6.13, 6.14, 6.18, 6.19, Orientalizing art 23–25 Building of Eumachia 133, 135; Fig. 5.21 6.20, 6.21, 7.1, 7.2, 7.18, 7.20, 7.21, 7.25, orthogonal planning 74 destruction in 79 ce 186–187 7.26, 7.27, 8.1, 8.3, 8.4, 8.16, 8.17, 8.18, orthostates 96 earthquake of 62 ce 164, 171, 173, 190 8.19, 8.22, 8.23, 8.24, 8.25, 8.27, 8.28, Ostia (site) 72; Fig. 3.22 First Style wall painting 94–98 8.29, 8.30, 8.31, 8.32, 8.33, 8.34, 9.1, 9.2, Baths of Cart Drivers 242–244; Fig. 8.37 Fourth Style wall painting 170 9.4–9.7, 9.9–9.17, 9.21, 9.22–9.26, Baths of Neptune 263; Fig. 9.20 95–97; Figs. 4.17, 10.2–10.6, 10.18, 10.21–10.23, 10.28, Baths of the Seven Sages 260; Fig. 9.18 4.18, 4.21 10.29, 11.2, 11.3, 11.6, 11.13, 11.14, House of Jupiter and Ganymede 260, House of Octavius Quartio 175–176; 11.16, 11.17–11.19, 11.21, 11.24, 262–263; Fig. 9.19 Figs. 6.31–6.33 12.1, 12.8–12.11 otium 14 House of Sallust 96–97; Fig. 4.19 Marcus Aurelius 246–247 Otto II enthroned 359; Fig. 12.25 House of the Ship Europa 96–97; Fig. 4.20 Arch 256; Fig. 9.13 Ovid 190–194; Column 17, 257; Figs. 9.14–9.16 Fasti 127 Figs. 7.10–7.14 Meditations 249 Metamorphoses 175–176, 238, 241, 353 194, 196; Fig. 7.15 portraiture 247–248; Figs. 9.2, 9.3 macellum 171–172; Fig. 6.27 Marcus Claudius Marcellus 78–79, 126 (site) 72, 74; Fig. 3.23 Praedia of Julia Felix 11; Fig. 1.10 Markets of Trajan 216–219; Figs. 8.5–8.8 Greek Temple Fig. 1.5a Sanctuary of Isis 172–174, 176; Mars Ultor 122, 124, 127, 165, 229; Lucanian Tomb Paintings 55–59; Figs. 6.29, 6.30 Figs. 5.12–5.13 Figs. 3.6–3.9 Second Style wall painting 94, 97–106 Martial, Liber Spectaculorum 206, 241 Tomb of the Diver 50–51; Figs. 3.1, 3.2 Stabian Baths 172; Fig. 6.28 Merida, Spain (site) painted sculpture 29, 60, 109, 187, Third Style wall painting 94, mosaic 287, 289; Fig. 10.17 226; Fig. 4.33 132–134; Fig. 5.20 Mildenhall Great Dish 351; Fig. 12.18 painting, mural Tomb of Vestorius Priscus 12–13; mimesis 65 house 11–12, 94–106, 132–135, 168–171, Figs. 1.11, 1.12 Minerva (subject) 27–29, 45, 189, 361; 175–176, 260; Figs. 1.10, 4.19–4.20, 103–106; Figs. 2.9, 3.17, 7.26 4.22–4.25, 4.26–4.29, 5.19, 5.20, 6.23, Figs. 4.26–4.29 see also Athena 6.26, 6.32, 6.33, 7.11–7.14, 9.19 Pons Fabricius 90–91; Fig. 4.13 Misenum (site) public building 172; Figs. 6.27–6.30, porphyry (material) 308, 348–350; Sacellum of the Augustales 189, 197, 198, 7.9, 7.15, 9.18 Figs. 11.7, 12.15, 12.16 200, 249–250; Figs. 7.19, 7.21, 9.5 tomb 41–44, 50, 55–64; Figs. 1.11, Porta Maggiore 162–163; Fig. 6.17 mosaic (material) 37, 96, 97, 100, 187, 195, 240, 1.12, 2.23–2.25, 3.1–3.4, 3.6–3.14, Portland Vase 2, 139–140; Fig. 5.27 242–244, 287–289, 322–330, 347, 5.23, 11.20, 11.34 portraiture 7–10, 25–27, 69–70, 109–111, 353–356; Figs. 4.21, 7.7, 7.16, 7.17, painting, panel 268–271, 276; 115–117, 147, 164–166, 181, 197, 8.35–8.37, 9.20, 10.16, 10.17, 11.26–11.33, Figs. 9.27–9.30, 10.1 213–215, 268–271, 275–279, 302, 12.14, 12.20–12.22 Palmyra 252, 258, 305; Figs. 9.8, 11.1 304–306, 307–309, 336–337; Figs. 1.1, 1.3, Pantheon 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.6, 2.7, 3.19, 4.31, 4.33, narrative moment 16–17, 42, 55, 107, 153, 265 of Agrippa 119 4.34, 4.35, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.10, 6.11, necropolis 21 of Hadrian 219–221; Figs. 8.9–8.11 6.18–6.21, 7.1, 7.2, 7.9, 7.18–7.21, 8.1–8.4, negotium 14 paradeisos 12 9.1–9.9, 9.27–9.30, 10.1–10.6, 11.2–11.4, Neptune (subject) 263, 361; Figs. 9.20, 12.27 pater familias 267 11.6–11.7, 12.1–12.2 and Amphitrite (subject) 108, 187; patron–client system 190 post and lintel architecture 167 Figs. 4.32, 7.7 pediment 36, 54, 134, 173; Figs. 3.5, 9.5, 9.17 Praeneste 163–164 Pergamon (site) 84; Fig. 4.7 Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia 86–88; 168–171; Figs. 6.24–6.26 peripteral 7 Fig. 4.10 Domus Transitoria 167–168; Figs. 6.22, 6.23 peristyle 96 Praetorian Guard 157, 179, 212, 274 portraiture 164; Fig. 6.18 personifications 122, 148, 204; Figs. 5.8, 6.3, princeps 7, 115, 146 Nerva 212–213 6.4, 6.16, 7.25, 7.26, 9.10, 10.17 Procopius, Gothic War 186 Forum Transitorium 212–213 Philip the Arab 302; Fig. 11.2 profectio 204 portraiture 212; Figs. 7.19, 7.26 Phoenicians 19, 21 Propertius, Elegies 128–130 nymphaeum 175, 187 pietas 124, 126, 226, 233, 343 protome 151, 238, 259; Figs. 6.5, 9.17 Plautus, Curculio 75 provenance 2, 250 obsonia 11 Pliny the Elder, Natural History 8, 12, pseudoperipteral 80 oculus 141, 221; Fig. 8.11 65, 134, 242 psychopomp 58, 238 Odyssey in Roman art 24–25, 153–156, 165, Pliny the Younger, Epistles 187, 283 Punta Epitaffio, (site) 196, 324–325; Figs. 2.5, 11.26 Plotina 216; Fig. 8.3 imperial villa 165–166; Figs. 6.20, 6.21 Old St. Peter’s, Rome 346–347; Fig. 12.12 Plutarch 79 (site) (site) 100–103, 133; Poggio Civitate (Murlo) (site) 20, 21, Temple A 17; Fig. 3.5 Figs. 4.23–4.25, 5.20 36–41; Figs. 2.18–2.22 pyxis 24 opus caementicium (concrete) 78, 81, 83, 85, Polybius 50 86, 88, 119, 140–143, 167–170, 182, 208, polychromy 187, 226, 326 quadriga 37, 125, 150; Figs. 6.4, 7.24

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Rabirius, architect 207 Achilles and Penthesilea, Rome 291; Fig. 10.19 of Apollo, 26 registers 24 Alcestis, Ostia 265; Fig. 9.23 Doric, Pompeii 45; Fig. 2.26 repoussé 24, 30, 353; Figs. 2.4, 2.10, 12.18 battle biographical, 266–267; of Fortuna, Rome Fig. 2.14 Rome, buildings and monuments Fig. 9.25 Greek, Paestum Fig. 1.5a Ara Pacis Augustae 120–124; Figs. 5.6–5.10 battle (Ludovisi), Rome 317–318; Fig. 11.19 of Hadrian, Ephesus 257–260; Fig. 9.17 Arch of the Argentarii 287; Figs. 10.14, 10.15 child circus 268; Fig. 9.26 of Hercules Victor, Rome 81–82; Fig. 4.3 341–346; Figs. 12.8–12.11 of Constantina, Rome 348–350; Fig. 12.15 of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, Rome 5, Arch of Septimius Severus 284–286; consular, Acilia 315; Fig. 11.17 34–37; Figs. 2.11, 2.15–2.17, 9.13 Figs. 10.11–10.13 Dionysus and Seasons 290; Fig. 10.18 of Mars Ultor, Rome 124–126; Arch of Titus 201–203; Figs. 7.22–7.24 of Helena, Rome 348–350; Fig. 12.16 Figs. 5.11–5.13 Aurelian Walls 305–306; Fig. 11.5 Hercules and other myths, of Portunus, Rome 80–81; Figs. 1.5b, 4.2 Basilica Aemilia 135–136; Fig. 5.22 Velletri 264–265; Fig. 9.22 Republican, Tivoli 81; Fig. 4.4 Basilica Nova 340; Figs. 12.6–12.7 of Junius Bassus, Rome 358–359; Fig. 12.24 Templum Pacis, Rome 185–186, 292; 279–283; Figs. 10.7–10.10 Lion Hunt 315–316; Fig. 11.18 Figs. 7.6, 10.20 320–322; Figs. 11.23–11.24 meaning of scenes 266 of Vesta, Rome 30 Cloaca Maxima 5; Fig. 1.4 Meleager, Rome 266; Fig. 9.24 tepidarium 320–322; Fig. 11.23 Colosseum 182–185, 206; Figs. 7.3–7.5 Orestes, Rome 263–264; Fig. 9.21 terminus post quem 171 253–255; of Scipio Barbatus, Rome 78, 80; Fig. 4.1 Terracina (site) 85–86; Figs. 4.8, 4.9 Figs. 9.11–9.12 scaenae frons 99, 170, 171 terracotta 25–28, 35, 37, 40–41, 68; Figs. 2.6–2.9, Column of Marcus Aurelius 17, 257; Second Sophistic 247, 261, 264 2.12, 2.14, 2.20–2.22, 3.5, 4.33, 5.17 Figs. 9.14–9.16 Septimius Severus 274 tesserae 97, 240, 327 Column of Trajan 216–217, 225–228; Arch, Lepcis Magna 298–299; Tetrarchy 307–315; Figs. 11.7, 11.10 Figs. 8.5, 8.16–8.19 Figs. 10.28, 10.29 Arch of Galerius, Thessalonica 313–315; Decennalia Monument 312–313; Arch, Rome 284–286; Figs. 10.11–10.13 Figs. 11.15–11.16 Figs. 11.13–11.14 Lepcis Magna building program 295–299 Arcus Novus 311 Domus Aurea 168–171; Figs. 6.24–6.26 Parthian campaign 285 coins 311; Figs. 11.10–11.12 Domus Transitoria 167–168; Figs. 6.22, 6.23 portraiture 275–276; Figs. 10.1–10.2 Decennalia Monument, Rome 312–313; Forum Augustum 124–128; Figs. 5.11–5.14 “” 70; Fig. 3.20 Figs. 11.13–11.14 Forum Iulium 93–94; Fig. 4.16 Severus and Celer, architects 168 Theater of Pompey 92; Fig. 4.14 Forum Romanum 30; Fig. 2.11 Shapur I 305; Fig. 11.4 Thessalonica, Arch of Galerius 313–315; Forum Traiani 216–217; Fig. 8.5 silver (material) 148, 350–353; Figs. 2.17, 6.4, Figs. 11.15–11.16 Forum Transitorium 198, 207, 212 12.17–12.19 Tiberius 146 foundation 19, 30 Sosus of Pergamon 242 portraiture 147; Figs. 6.1, 6.4 Hadrianeum 253; Fig. 9.10 spandrels 233 Titus 180–181 Figs. 5.15, 5.19 Sperlonga, Italy (site and sculpture) 16, Baths 185 House of the Griffins 99–100; Fig. 4.22 152–156; Figs. 6.6–6.9 portraiture 181, 189; Figs. 7.2, 7.9, 7.21b Markets of Trajan 216–219; Figs. 8.5–8.8 spolia 316, 342 Tivoli Fig. 1.6 119–120; still life painting 11, 171; Figs. 1.10, 6.27 Republican temples 81; Fig. 4.4 Figs. 5.4, 5.5 stucco (material) 170, 172–173, 269; villa of Hadrian 221–224, 240; Old St. Peter’s 346–347; Fig. 12.12 Figs. 6.28, 6.30, 9.27 Figs. 8.12–8.15, 8.35, 8.36 Palace of Domitian 207–209; Figs. 7.28–7.30 Statius, Silvae 206 torque 124; Fig. 5.10 Pantheon 219–221; Figs. 8.9–8.11 sulcus primigenius 70; Fig. 3.21 Trajan 213 Pons Fabricius 90–91; Fig. 4.13 Suetonius, Lives of the Twelve Caesars 118, 120, Anaglypha Traiani 228, 232–233; Porta Maggiore 162–163; Fig. 6.17 152, 156, 164, 168, 181, 241 Figs. 8.24–8.25 Regia 30; Fig. 2.11 suovetaurilia 109 Arch at Beneventum 233, 237; Santa Costanza 347; Figs. 12.13–12.14 symposium 51; Fig. 3.1 Figs. 8.28–8.31 “Servian Wall” 70; Fig. 3.20 Syrian arch 173, 258–260; Fig. 9.17 Column of Trajan 216–217, 225–228; Temple of Apollo 128–130; Figs. 5.15–5.17 Figs. 8.5, 8.16–8.19 Temple of Hercules Victor 81–82; Fig. 4.3 tablinum 12, 14, 23, 262; Figs. 1.13, 9.19 Forum of Trajan (Forum Traiani) 216–217; Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus 5, 34–37; tabernae Fig. 1.13 Fig. 8.5 Figs. 2.11, 2.15–2.17, 9.13 Tacitus, Annals 152, 241 Great Trajanic Frieze 228; Figs. 8.22–8.23 Temple of Mars Ultor 124–126; Tarpeia 135; Fig. 5.22 Markets of Trajan 216–219; Figs. 8.5–8.8 Figs. 5.11–5.13 (site) portraiture 214; Fig. 8.1 80–81; Figs. 1.5b, 4.2 Tomb of the Augurs 42–43; Fig. 2.24 Tropaeum Traiani, Adamclisi 229–230; 30 Tomb of the Bulls 41–42; Fig. 2.23 Figs. 8.20–8.21 Templum Pacis 185–186, 292; Figs. 7.6, 10.20 Tomb of Hunting and Fishing 44; Fig. 2.25 Traprain flagon 353; Fig. 12.19 Theater of Pompey 92; Fig. 4.14 Tomb of the Leopards 52; Fig. 3.3 Trebonianus Gallus Fig. 1.8 3, 121, 126; Figs. 5.6, 5.23 Tomb of Orcus 60–61; Fig. 3.11 triclinium 12, 187; Fig. 1.13 Tomb of the Shields 62; Fig. 3.12 Trier Sabina 216; Fig. 8.4 Tomb of the Triclinium 52–54; Fig. 3.4 Basilica 338–339; Figs. 12.4–12.5 Saepinum (site) Tomb of the Typhon 62–63; Fig. 3.13 Porta Nigra 337–338; Fig. 12.3 city gate 151; Fig. 6.5 Tarquinius Superbus 4–5, 33–34 triglyph-metope frieze 80 Samnites 19, 33, 64, 72, 94; Fig. 3.14 Temple triumphal procession 34, 64–65, 78–79, Santa Costanza 347; Figs. 12.13–12.14 A, Pyrgi 17, 54; Fig. 3.5 150; Figs. 4.32, 6.4, 7.24, 7.25, 8.23, sarcophagi 263 of Apollo, Palatine 128–130; Figs. 5.15–5.17 9.13, 10.29, 12.9

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Troilus 41–42; Fig. 2.23 veristic style 111, 157, 181; Figs. 1.6, 4.35, Sperlonga, Italy 16, 152–156; trompe l’oeil 131 6.10, 7.1, 7.21 Figs. 6.6–6.9 tumulus 22 Vespasian 179–181 Tivoli, Italy 221–224, 240; tympanum 259 Colosseum 182–185; Figs. 7.3–7.5 Figs. 8.12–8.15, 8.35, 8.36 portraiture 181; Figs. 7.1, 7.21a Villa Iovis, Capri 152 Valerian 305; Fig. 11.4 Templum Pacis 185–186, 292; virtues of emperors 120 Vanth 58, 104–105; Fig. 4.28 Figs. 7.6, 10.20 virtus 198–199, 226; Fig. 7.19 Varro 19 Vesuvius 9, 94, 100, 148, 186 Virtus (personification) 204; Fig. 7.26 Veii (site) 21, 26, 29, 70 Via Appia 5 Vitruvius 14, 36, 95, 99, 134 Velleius Paterculus 14 Victory (personification) 16, 37, 148, 309; votive 65–69; Figs. 3.15, 3.16, 3.18 Venus (subject) 124–126, 140, 148, 159, 160, Figs. 7.26, 8.24, 8.31, 11.8 of Veii 27 238, 250; Figs. 5.13, 6.4, 6.12, 6.13, 6.20, villas of emperors 8.32, 9.6, 12.22 Piazza Armerina, Sicily 322–326; xenia 11 Vergil, Aeneid 29, 53, 116, 122, 149, 156, Figs. 11.25–11.28 175, 215, 253, 354–356; Figs. 6.7, 6.8, Punta Epitaffio, Italy 165–166; Zeus (subject) 41, 55, 353; Fig. 3.5 8.2, 12.21, 12.22 Figs. 6.20, 6.21 Zliten (site) 195–196; Figs. 7.16, 7.17

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