The Norwegian ALICE Program

Joakim Nystrand University of Bergen

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 1 Outline

- The ALICE Experiment and Norwegian contributions

- Heavy-Ion Physics – hot and dense QCD matter

- Heavy-Ion Physics – other topics

- ALICE Upgrade plans

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 2 The ALICE Experiment A dedicated experiment for ultra-relativistic heavy-ion physics at the LHC. ≈1000 collaborators - A central tracking system with particle identification.

- Time Projection Chamber (TPC), Inner tracking system (ITS).

- Time-of-Flight (TOF) for particle ID, partial EMCAL coverage

- Acceptance |η| ≤ 0.9,

pT > 100 MeV/c - A muon arm at forward rapidities -4.0 < η < -2.5. Triggering, tracking and identification of muons. - Zero-Degree Calorimeters (ZDC) – 114 m from interaction point.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 3 ALICE - Norway Norwegian participation in ALICE since the beginning (1993).

Groups at University of Oslo, University of Bergen, Bergen University College, Buskerud and Vestfold University College.

Main focus

Physics: - Production of charm quarks in heavy-ion collisions (Ionut Arsene (Oslo) convenor of Working Group Dileptons and quarkonia) - Ultra-peripheral collisions, two-photon and photonuclear interactions (Joakim Nystrand (Bergen) convenor of Working Group Ultra-peripheral collisions.)

Instrumentation (hardware, firmware, software): - TPC Electronics. Improved Read-out Control Unit (RCU2); SAMPA chip for continuous read-out during Run 3. - Earlier also PHOS (high res. EMCAL) and High-Level Trigger (HLT).

Computing: - Operation of Tier-1 within the Nordic Datagrid Facility.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 4 ALICE - Norway Manpower in the groups

University of Oslo: 2 Professors (+2 emeriti), 40% of Senior Engineer, 1 postdoc, 4-6 PhD students.

University of Bergen: 3 Professors, 1 Researcher (grid computing), 50% of Senior Engineer, 2 postdocs, 4-6 PhD students.

Bergen University College: 4 professors. 1-2 PhD students.

Buskerud and Vestfold University College: 2 professors.

Grant from Norwegian Research Council – CERN related research

≈8 MNOK per year for 2012 – 2015 Covers ALICE M&O, Travel and subsistence, Computing grid, 2-3 postdocs.

Application for 2016 – 2019 recently submitted.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 5 Ultra-relativistic Heavy-Ion Physics

The goal is to produce a long-lived (on a subatomic time scale), hot and dense state of matter in the laboratory and thus explore the nuclear phase diagram. The nuclear phase diagram

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 6 Ultra-relativistic Heavy-Ion Physics

Two key observations:

- Jet-quenching Suppression of particles with high p . T Most likely explanation: gluon bremsstrahlung as the partons traverse the hot and dense medium produced in the collision.

- Collective flow Anisotropic particle production relative to the reaction plane. The pressure of the medium converts the initial spatial anisotropy into a an isotropy in momentum space.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 7 Jet-quenching Quantify the suppression by the R measure. AA Scaling pp data with the number of binary collisions expected from the nuclear geometry (Glauber model)

(1/ N )d 2 N  0 / dp dy R ( p )  EVT AA T AA T 2  0  TAB (b)  d  pp / dpT dy

Expectation in absence of nuclear effects.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 8 Jet-quenching

- Clear suppression at high p in central (head on) T collisions. - No or very small suppression in peripheral collisions.

ALICE Collaboration, Phys. Lett. B 696 (2011) 30.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 9 Jet-quenching

- Measured also for charmed particles (m ≈ 1.5 GeV/c2) Q - Reduced J/ψ suppresion at low p , indicating regeneration of J/ψ in T the quark-gluon plasma.

ALICE Collaboration, arxiv:1506.06604 ALICE Collaboration, arxiv:1506.08804.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 10 Collective flow - Reaction plane defined by beam axis and impact parameter (b). - Hydrodynamical pressure converts the initial spatial anisotropy to anistropic momentum distribution.



x dN 1 v cos(2 ) d 2 The magnitude of the flow measured by v . 2

- ϕ azimuthal angle in transverse plane.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 11 Collective flow

- Strength of flow increases monotonically at high energies.

ALICE Collaboration, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 (2010) 252302.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 12 Collective flow

- Has been measured by ALICE differentially in p and for several T particle species. - Probes the hydro- dynamical evolution of the early partonic state.

- , Ξ, Ω less sensitive to scattering in the later hadronic phase.

ALICE Collaboration, JHEP 06 (2015) 190. Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 13 Bound states of anti-matter

- Unique particle identification from TPC dE/dx and TOF, including nuclei and anti-nuclei. - Allows relative mass measurement at the 10-4 (d/dbar) and 10-3 (He/anti-He) level.

ALICE Collaboration, Nature Physics (2015), arxiv:1508.03986.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 14 Bound states of anti-matter - Best measurement of Δm for nuclei so far. - Sets limits on CTP invariance.

ALICE Collaboration, Nature Physics (2015), arxiv:1508.03986. Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 15 Photoproduction in ultra-peripheral collisions The EM fields correspond to an equivalent flux of photons.

These can lead to two-photon or photonuclear interactions in collisions where no hadronic interactions occur (b>2R).

Exclusive vector meson production (γ+A → V+A) of particular interest as a probe of the gluon distribution g(x,Q2). Exclusive photoproduction of heavy vector mesons is calculable from pQCD, at LO:

2 2 d  s ee 3 MV 2 t0  5 16 [xg(x, )] dt 3MV 4 Ryskin 1993

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 16 Photoproduction in ultra-peripheral collisions - Cross section for exclusive photoproduction of 0 ≈1/2 of inelastic hadronic cross section!

STAR Collaboration Data: Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 272302; Phys. Rev. C 77 (2008) 034910; Phys. Rev. C 85 (2012) 014910.

ALICE Collaboration, arxiv:1503.09177 (to be published in JHEP). Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 17 Photoproduction in ultra-peripheral collisions Uncertainty in nuclear gluon distribution translates into different cross section for photoproduction of J/ at mid-rapidity (d/dy  [g(x,Q2)]2).

Adeluyi, Bertulani, PRC 85 (2012) 044904. R = g (x,Q2)/[A·g (x,Q2)] G A p

ALICE Collaboration, Phys. Lett. B 718 (2013) 1273 (Muon arm), EPJC 73 (2013) 2617 (Central Barrel).

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 18 Photoproduction in ultra-peripheral collisions - Strong photon flux from Pb-nucleus also in p+Pb collisions. - Can be used to study γ+p reactions at energies higher than at HERA.

ALICE Collaboration, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 232504.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 19 ALICE Upgrade Project

ALICE TPC Run 2 Upgrades • We make a «simple» Upgrade!

• Remove the bottleneck by splitting the parallel readout bus: › Doubles the speed!

• Upgrades the RCU –> RCU2 › New state of the art System on Chip FPGA – Microsemi smartFusion2 › Faster, bigger, better in radiation! First flashbased FPGA with SERDES

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 20 ALICE Upgrade Project RCU2 — The ALICE TPC readout electronics consolidation for Run2

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 21 ALICE Upgrade Project

LS2 TPC upgrade • 50 kHz interaction rate in Run 3 • GEM readout chambers • continuous readout electronics • new frontend ASIC SAMPA • GBT link detector -> counting house • New Common Readout Unit (CRU)

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 22 ALICE Upgrade Project

SAMPA • Design (Sao Paolo, UiB) • Characterization of prototypes with GEM (UiB) • Radiation tolerance (UiO)

SAMPA design

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 23 Upgrade of ALICE TPC and its readout electronics for the LHC RUN3 and beyond Ganesh Tambave, IFT, University of Bergen, Norway on behalf of ALICE Collaboration Quark Matter 2015, Kobe, Japan

ALICE Experiment ALICE-TPC Upgrade

● Studies the outcome of heavy ion (Pb-Pb), p-Pb and p-p collision at LHC ● ● Main goal is to characterize the strongly interacting matter at extreme energy densities Data collection of the ALICE experiment is synchronized with the operation of the LHC which are expected to be high enough to produce a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), in which ● Therefore, the ALICE experiment will progress in two (or more) phases namely RUN2 and the quarks and gluons are not confined RUN3 (and beyond) after the long shutdowns of the LHC in 2015 and 2018, respectively ● In RUN1, Pb-Pb collisions were performed at 2.76 TeV per nucleon pair and reached integrated luminosity ( L ) of 0.16 nb-1 i ● The RUN2 is ongoing and data-collection for p-p collisions at 13 TeV is in progress Schematic view of ALICE Detector system. ● During RUN2 and RUN3, the Pb-Pb collisions will take place at 5.2 TeV center-of-mass energy, aiming to reach L of 1 nb-1 and 10 nb-1, respectively It consists of 18 different types of i particle-detectors such as tracking ● system, time-of-flight, calorimeters, In the RUN3, while achieving high luminosity, the collision rate of 50 kHz is expected muon chambers. ● To cope with this high collision rate, the present ALICE TPC and its readout system needs to be upgraded ➢ The present Multi-Wire Proportional Chamber based TPC will be replaced with the Gas ● During run1 in 2010-2013: Electron Multiplier (GEM) based TPC ➢ ➢ Data collection for all collision systems (pb-pb, p-pb, pp) The Front-End Electronics (FEEs) and the readout system will also be replaced from the at center-of-mass energy 2.7 TeV (Pb-Pb), 5.02 TeV (p-Pb), 0.9 TeV/ 2.76 TeV/ 7 TeV (p-p) present triggered readout to continuous readout ➢ Valuable data sets were recorded and important results were published

TPC Readout System upgrade Frond End Electronics - SAMPA

LTU

Timing & Front-End Cards Trigger system control & Detector configuration Control VTTx Physics & GEM detector data monitoring System GBT (2x) data signals SAMPA (5x) VTRx Common monitoring Trigger control & Readout 32 channels configuration Detector data Unit links (DDL3) (CRU) Front-end Physics data Online 160 input GBT-SCA links (GBT) farm C channels C h h i i p In the upgraded TPC readout, p 1 • 1 The GEM detector signals will be readout using the Front-End Cards (FECs) • The SAMPA contains • In the FECs, five custom-made ASICs, named SAMPA chips will process the data ➢ Charge-Sensitive preAmplifier (CSA), Shaper, 10 bit/10 MHz digitizer (ADC) and from its 160 readout channels (32 channels/each) Digital Signal Processing (DSP) part • The data from SAMPA will then be multiplexed and transmitted using GigaBit ● The acquired data from the SAMPA is transferred at 1.2 Gbps over four 320 Mbps serial links Transceiver (GBT) via optical links to a Common Readout Unit (CRU) ● 32 channels continuous as well as external triggered readout is possible • The CRU is an interface to the on-line farm, trigger and detector control system ● The first version of the SAMPA chip (MPW1) is produced in 2014

SAMPA (chip1) Test with GEM Detector Prototype ALICE Upgrade Project GEM prototype detector and its gain Signal-to-Noise ratio for MIP's in 7 mm drift

1/2 GEM chamber Detector Schematic Test setup Chip1 noise = [(ADC_Buffer noise)2 – (Total noise)2] ~ 2 mV ~ 641 ENC

SAMPA characterization Cathode Sr90 – Beta source Collimator (mm) E = 400 V/cm 7 mm drift d gem1 2.1 mm E = 3 KV/cm • GEM T1 GEM chamber gem2 Total noise 2.1 mm E = 400 V/cm ADC_Buffer T2 gem3 Noise = 0.45 mV = 2.1 mV 2.25 mm E = 3 KV/cm ind Operational parameters Pad plane (Anode) Plastic Scintillator Chip1 carrier board ● GEM detector (3 GEM foils – 10 x 10 cm²): • MPW1 carrier board and ➢ HV = -2.97 KV (-297 V @ Foil) ➢ Fe55 spectrum for 6 x 15 mm² pad size MIP charge distribution using Sr90 source FPGA DAQ board Fe55 source (R) = 1.1 kHz Schematic of Data acquisition Anode current (I ) ~ 60 pA ➢ a Normal scale ● Gain = R / (I * N * e⁻)~ 2000 SNR = MIP charge / chip1 noise ➢ a pri β (2.28 MeV) N is 165 for Ne mix pri GEM Chip1 ADC MPV= 56 mV = (17480 / 641) = 27 ➢ Ne+CO +N (90 % +10 % +5 %) Ch#2 2 2 Trigger ● ➢ Sr90 for MIPs NIM Close to the requirement of Start ● Plastic Gate MPW1 – chip1: Discriminator MIP charge scintillator generator = MPV / gain of chip1 ➢ Diff. channel #2, Gain 20 mV/fC @ 160 ns Threshold ~ 0.5 MeV (0.6V) upgraded ALICE TPC HV = - 1250 V = 56 mV / (20 mV/fC) ● VME DAQ: = 2.8 fC (1.7480 x 104 ENC) Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. ➢ CAEN ADC: 1 GHz, 14 bit, LSB = 0.125 mV24

Poster ID: 318 email: [email protected]

I would like to acknowledge Dezso Verga Wigner Institute Budapest, Christian Lippmann GSI Darmstadt and SAMPA design team, Sao Paulo/Bergen for their help and support during this work. Upgrade of ALICE TPC and its readout electronics for the LHC RUN3 and beyoUndpg rade of ALICE TPC and its readout electronics Ganesh Tambave, IFT, University of Bergen, Norway for the LHC RUN3 and beyond on behalf of ALICE Collaboration Ganesh Tambave, IFT, University of Bergen, Norway Quark Matter 2015, Kobe, Japan on behalf of ALICE Collaboration Quark Matter 2015, Kobe, Japan

ALICE Experiment ALICE-TPCA LUIpCgEr aEdxep eriment ALICE-TPC Upgrade

● Studies the outcome of heavy ion (Pb-Pb), p-Pb and p-p collision at LHC ● Studies the outcome of heavy ion (Pb-Pb), p-Pb and p-p collision at LHC ● Data collection of the ALICE experiment is synchronized with the operation of the LHC ● ● Main goal is to characterize the strongly interacting matter at extreme energy densities ● Main goal is to characterize the strongly interacting matter at extreme energy densities Data collection of the ALICE experiment is synchronized with the operation of the LHC which are expected to be high enough to produce a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), in which ● Therefore, the ALICE expwehriicmh eanret wexiplle cptreodg troe bses hinig thw eon o(uogrh m too rper)o dpuhcaes ae sQ nuaamrke-Glylu RonU PNla2s manad ( QGP), in which ● Therefore, the ALICE experiment will progress in two (or more) phases namely RUN2 and the quarks and gluons are not confined RUN3 (and beyond) aftert hthe eq uloarnkgs sahnud tgdlouwonnss a oref nthote cLonHfCin eidn 2015 and 2018, respectively RUN3 (and beyond) after the long shutdowns of the LHC in 2015 and 2018, respectively

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Quark Matte●rT 2o c0o1pe5 w,i tKh thoisb heig,h Jcoallpisaionn rate, the present ALICE TPC and its readout system needs to be upgraded ➢ The present Multi-Wire Proportional Chamber based TPC will be replaced with the Gas ● During run1 in 2010-2013: Electron Multiplier (GEM) based TPC ➢ The present Multi-Wire Proportional Chamber based TPC will be replaced with the Gas ➢ ➢ Data collection for all collision systems (pb-pb, p-pb, pp) The Front-End Electronics (FEEs) and the readout system will also be replaced from the ● During run1 in 2010-2013: Electron Multiplier (GEM) based TPC ALICE Experiment at cAentLer-oIfC-maEss e-nTergPy 2C.7 T eUV (pPb-gPbr),a 5.d02 eTe V (p-Pb), 0.9 TeV/ 2.76 TeV/ 7 TeV (p-p) present triggered readout to continuous readout ➢ ➢ The Front-End Electronics (FEEs) and the readout system will also be replaced from the Data collection for all collision systems (pb-pb, p-pb, pp) ➢ Valuable data sets were recorded and important results were published at center-of-mass energ●yS 2tu.7d iTese Vth e( Pobu-tcPobm),e 5 o.f0 2he TaveVy i(opn- P(Pbb)-,P 0b.)9, pT-ePVb /a 2n.d7 p6- Tp ecVol/l i7si oTne Vat (LpH-pC) present triggered readout to continuous readout ● Data collection of the ALICE experiment is synchronized with the operation of the LHC ➢ Valuable data sets were● rMecaoinrd geoda al nisd tiom cphoarrtaacntte riezseu ltthse wsterroen gpluyb linisthereadcting matter at extreme energy densities which are expected to be high enough to produce a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), in which ● Therefore, the ALICE experiment will progress in two (or more) phases namely RUN2 and the quarks and gluons are not confined RUN3 (and beyond) after the lTongP shCutdo wRnse ofa thde LoHuC tin 2S01y5 santde 20m18, ruesppecgtivrelya de Frond End Electronics - SAMPA ● In RUN1, Pb-Pb collisions were performed at 2.76 TeV per nucleon pair and reached integrated luminosity ( L ) of 0.16 nb-1 TPC Readout System upgrade Frond Endi Electronics - SAMPA LTU ● The RUN2 is ongoing and data-collection for p-p collisions at 13 TeV is in progTirmeings s& Schematic view of ALICE Detector Trigger system ● During RUN2 and RUN3, the Pb-Pb cForollnist-iEonnds Cwardills take place at 5.2 TeV center-of-mass system. control & LTU -1 -1 Detector energy, aiming to reach L of 1 nb and 10 nb , respectively configuration i Control It consists of 18 different types of VTTx Physics & GEM detector data monitoring System Timing & particle-detectors such as tracking GBT (2x) data Trigger system ● signals SAMPA (5x) VTRx Common monitoring Front-End Cards In the RUN3, while achieving high luminosity, the collision rate of 50 TkriHggerz coisn teroxl &p ected system, time-of-flight, calorimeters, 32 channels Readout control & configuration Detector data Detector ● Unit links (DDL3) mucoonnf icguhraatmionbers. 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• The data from SAMPA will then be multiplexed and transmitted usingTi mGing i&g aBit ● Front-End Cards Trigger system The acquired data from the SAMPA is transferred at 1.2 Gbps over four 320 Mbps serial links Transceiver (GBT) via optical links to a Common Readout Unit (CRU) control & Detector● configuration 32 channels continuous as well as external triggered readout is possible Control SAMPA (chip1) Test with GEM Detector Prototype VTTx Physics & • The CRU is an interGfEaMc deet ecttoor the on-line farm, trigger and detector condattar mooln itsoryinsgtem System● GBT (2x) data The first version of the SAMPA chip (MPW1) is produced in 2014 signals SAMPA (5x) VTRx Common monitoring Trigger control & Readout 32 channels configuration Detector data Unit links (DDL3) GEM prototype detector and its gain Signal-to-Noise ratio for MIP's in 7 mm drift (CRU) Front-end Online Physics data 2 2 1/2 160 input GBT-SCA links (GBT) farm GEM chamber Detector SchemaCtic Test setup Chip1 noise = [(ADC_Buffer noise) – (Total noise) ] ~ 2 mV ~ 641 ENC channels C h SAMPA (chip1) Test with GEM Detector Prototype Cathode h i Sr90 – Beta source i p Collimator (mm) 7 mm drift E = 400 V/cm In the upgraded TPC readout, p d gem1 1 • The GEM detector signals will be readout using the Front-End Cards (FECs) 2.1 mm 1E = 3 KV/cm GEM chamber GEM prototype detector and its gain Signal-•t Toh-eN SAoMiPsAe c ornatatiniso for MIP's in 7 mm drift T1 gem2 Total noise • In the FECs, five custom-made ASICs, named SAMPA chips will process the data 2.1 mm E = 400 V/cm ADC_Buffer ➢ Charge-Sensitive preAmplifier (CSA), Shaper, 10 bit/10ge mM3 Hz digitizer (ADT2C) and = 2.1 mV 2 2 1/2 Noise = 0.45 mV GEM chamber from its 160 readouDt ectheacntnoerl sS c(3h2e mchaatnicnels/each) Test setup Chip1 noise = [(ADALICEC_Buff eUpgrader noise) – (T Projectotal noise) ]2.25~ m 2m mVE ~ =6 34 K1V E/cmNC Digital Signal Processing (DSP) part ind Operational parameters • The data from SAMPA will then be multiplexed and transmitted using GigaBit ● Pad plane (Anode) Cathode Sr90 – Beta source The acquired data from the SAMPA is transferred at 1.2 Gbps over four 320 Mbps serial links Plastic Scintillator Chip1 carrier board ● GEM detector (3 GEM foils – 10 x 10 cm²): Transceiver (GBT) via optical links to a Common Readout Unit (CCoRlliUma)t or (mm) ● E = 400 V/cm 32 channels conti➢nuous as well as external triggered readout is possible 7 mm drift d HV = -2.97 KV (-297 V @ Foil) • ➢ Fe55 spectrum for 6 x 15 mm² pad size MIP charge distribution using Sr90 source The CRU igse ma1n interface to the on-line farm, trigger and detector control system ● The •firsResolutiont version o f F teh55e s oSuArceM (RP) A= 1 c.1h kiHpz ( MPW1) is produced in 2014 Schematic of Data acquisition 2.1 mm E = 3 KV/cm ➢ Anode current (I ) ~ 60 pA T1 GEM chamber a Normal scale gem2 ● ➢ Gain = R / (I * N * e⁻)~ 2000 Total noise SNR = MIP charge / chip1 noise 2.1 mm E = 400 V/cm a ADpriC_B uffer β (2.28 MeV) gem3 T2 N is 165 for Ne mix = 2.1 mV pri Noise = 0.45 mV GEM Chip1 ADC MPV= 56 mV = (17480 / 641) = 27 2.25 mm E = 3 KV/cm ➢ Ne+CO +N (90 % +10 % +5 %) Ch#2 ind SAMPA (chip1) Test with GEM• DSNRet e= cMIPto charger2 P2 ro / tchip1oty pnoisee Trigger ● Operational parameters Pad plane (Anode) ➢ Sr90 for MIPs NIM Close to the requirement of = 27 Start Plastic Scintillator Chip1 carrier board ● Plastic Gate MIP charge ● MPW1 – chip1: Discriminator GEM detector (3 GEM foils – 10 x 10 cm²): generator -> close to the requirement scintillator = MPV / gain of chip1 ➢ Diff. channel #2, Gain 20 mV/fC @ 160 ns Threshold ~ 0.5 MeV (0.6V) upgraded ALICE TPC ➢ HV = -2.97 KV (-297 V @ Foil) GEM prototype detector and its gain Signal-to-Noise ratio for MIP's in 7 mm drift HV = - 1250 V = 56 mV / (20 mV/fC) ● VME DAQ: 4 ➢ Fe55 source (R) = 1.1 kHz Fe55 spectrum for 6 x 15 mm² pad size MIP charge distribution using Sr90 source = 2.8 fC (1.7480 x 10 ENC) Schematic of Data acquisition ➢ CAEN ADC: 1 GHz, 14 bit, LSB = 0.125 mV Anode current (I ) ~ 60 pA 2 2 1/2 ➢ a GEM chamber Detector Schematic Test setup Chip1 Nnoroimseal = s cal[(Ae DC_Buffer noise) – (Total noise) ] ~ 2 mV ~ 641 ENC ● ➢ Gain = R / (I * N * e⁻)~ 2000 SNR = MIP charge / chip1 noise a pri Cathode β (2.28 MeV) Sr90 – Beta source N is 165 for Ne mix Collimator (mm) pri 7 mm drift E = 400 V/cGmEM Chip1 ADC d MPV= 56 mV = (17480 / 641) = 27 Ne+CO +N (90 % +10 % +5 %) gem1 Ch#2 Poster ID: 318 ➢ 2 2 2.1 mm E = 3 KV/cm Trigger T1 GEM chamber ● ➢ Sr90 for MIPs gem2 NIM Close to the requirement of email: [email protected] Start Total noise ● 2.1 mm E = 400 VP/clmastic Gate MIP charge ADC_Buffer MPW1 – chip1: T2 Discriminator gem3 generator Noise = 0.45 mV = 2.1 mV scintillator = MPV / gain of chip1 upgraded ALICE TPC ➢ Diff. channel #2, Gain 20 mV/fC @ 160 ns 2.25 mm E = 3 KV/cm Threshold ~ 0.5 MeV (0.6V) I would like to acknowledge Dezso Verga Wigner Institute Budapest, Christian Lippmann GSI Darmstadt ind HV = - 1250 V = 56 mV / (20 mV/fC) ● VME DAQ: 4 and SAMPA design team, Sao Paulo/Bergen for their help and support during this work. Operational parameters Pad plane (Anode) = 2.8 fC (1.7480 x 10 ENC) ➢ Plastic Scintillator Chip1 carrier board CAEN ADC: 1 GHz, 14 bit, LSB ●= G0E.1M2 5d emteVctor (3 GEM foils – 10 x 10 cm²): 25 ➢ HV = -2.97 KV (-297 V @ Foil) Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. ➢ Fe55 spectrum for 6 x 15 mm² pad size MIP charge distribution using Sr90 source Fe55 source (R) = 1.1 kHz Schematic of Data acquisition Anode current (I ) ~ 60 pA ➢ a Normal scale ● ➢ Gain = R / (I * N * e⁻)~ 2000 SNR = MIP charge / chip1 noise a pri β (2.28 MeV) N is 165 for Ne mix Poster ID: 318 pri GEM Chip1 ADC MPV= 56 mV = (17480 / 641) = 27 ➢ Ne+CO +N (90 % +10 % +5 %) email: [email protected] Ch#2 2 2 Trigger ● ➢ Sr90 for MIPs NIM Close to the requirement of Start ● Gate MPW1 – chip1: Plastic Discriminator MIP charge generator I would like to acknowledge Dezso Verga Wigner Insstciintutilltaeto rBudapest, Christian Lippmann GSI= MDPVa / graimn of schtipa1 dt ➢ Diff. channel #2, Gain 20 mV/fC @ 160 ns Threshold ~ 0.5 MeV (0.6V) upgraded ALICE TPC HV = - 1250 V = 56 mV / (20 mV/fC) ● VME DAQ: and SAMPA design team, Sao Paulo/Bergen for their help and support during this wo=r 2k.8 f.C (1.7480 x 104 ENC) ➢ CAEN ADC: 1 GHz, 14 bit, LSB = 0.125 mV

Poster ID: 318 email: [email protected]

I would like to acknowledge Dezso Verga Wigner Institute Budapest, Christian Lippmann GSI Darmstadt and SAMPA design team, Sao Paulo/Bergen for their help and support during this work. Conclusions

- A multitude of new results from heavy-ion interactions in a novel energy range at the LHC.

- Hard and heavy probes can be studied with high statistics in heavy-ion interactions.

- Several results from ALICE on topics not related to hot and dense matter (ultra-peripheral collisions, anti-nuclei).

- ALICE Upgrade for Run 3 includes continuous read-out of the TPC.

Joakim Nystrand, R-ECFA, Oslo, Norway, 2-3 October 2015. 26