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Surficial Geologic Map of the Lenore Quadrangle, Nez Perce County, Idaho
IDAHO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIGITAL WEB MAP 14 MOSCOW-BOISE-POCATELLO OTHBERG, BRECKENRIDGE, AND WEISZ Disclaimer: This Digital Web Map is an informal report and may be revised and formally published at a later time. Its content and format S URFICIAL G EOLOGIC M AP OF THE L ENORE Q UADRANGLE, N EZ P ERCE C OUNTY, I DAHO may not conform to agency standards. Kurt L. Othberg, Roy M. Breckenridge, and Daniel W. Weisz 2003 Qac CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS Qls Qls Qcb Qcb Surficial Latah Columbia River QTlbr Deposits Formation Basalt Qls m Qac Qam Qoam Qas Qac HOLOCENE QTlbr Qad Qls Qcb Qcg Qm 13,000 years Qad Qag QUATERNARY PLEISTOCENE QTlbr QTlbr Qac Qls QTlbr Qac PLIOCENE TERTIARY Qac Tl Tcb MIOCENE Qcb QTlbr INTRODUCTION Qcg Colluvium from granitic and metamorphic rocks (Holocene and Pleistocene)— Primarily poorly sorted muddy gravel composed of angular and subangular pebbles, cobbles, and boulders in a matrix of sand, silt, and clay. Emplaced The surficial geologic map of the Lenore quadrangle identifies earth materials by gravity movements in Bedrock Creek canyon where there are outcrops on the surface and in the shallow subsurface. It is intended for those interested of pre-Tertiary granitic rocks and quartzite. Includes local debris-flow deposits in the area's natural resources, urban and rural growth, and private and and isolated rock outcrops. Includes colluvium and debris-flow deposits Qac public land development. The information relates to assessing diverse QTlbr from the upslope basalt section, and areas of thin loess (typically less than conditions and activities, such as slope stability, construction design, sewage 5 feet). -
Flood Basalts and Glacier Floods—Roadside Geology
u 0 by Robert J. Carson and Kevin R. Pogue WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Information Circular 90 January 1996 WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENTOF Natural Resources Jennifer M. Belcher - Commissioner of Public Lands Kaleen Cottingham - Supervisor FLOOD BASALTS AND GLACIER FLOODS: Roadside Geology of Parts of Walla Walla, Franklin, and Columbia Counties, Washington by Robert J. Carson and Kevin R. Pogue WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Information Circular 90 January 1996 Kaleen Cottingham - Supervisor Division of Geology and Earth Resources WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Jennifer M. Belcher-Commissio11er of Public Lands Kaleeo Cottingham-Supervisor DMSION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Raymond Lasmanis-State Geologist J. Eric Schuster-Assistant State Geologist William S. Lingley, Jr.-Assistant State Geologist This report is available from: Publications Washington Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources P.O. Box 47007 Olympia, WA 98504-7007 Price $ 3.24 Tax (WA residents only) ~ Total $ 3.50 Mail orders must be prepaid: please add $1.00 to each order for postage and handling. Make checks payable to the Department of Natural Resources. Front Cover: Palouse Falls (56 m high) in the canyon of the Palouse River. Printed oo recycled paper Printed io the United States of America Contents 1 General geology of southeastern Washington 1 Magnetic polarity 2 Geologic time 2 Columbia River Basalt Group 2 Tectonic features 5 Quaternary sedimentation 6 Road log 7 Further reading 7 Acknowledgments 8 Part 1 - Walla Walla to Palouse Falls (69.0 miles) 21 Part 2 - Palouse Falls to Lower Monumental Dam (27.0 miles) 26 Part 3 - Lower Monumental Dam to Ice Harbor Dam (38.7 miles) 33 Part 4 - Ice Harbor Dam to Wallula Gap (26.7 mi les) 38 Part 5 - Wallula Gap to Walla Walla (42.0 miles) 44 References cited ILLUSTRATIONS I Figure 1. -
Sculpted by Floods Learning Resource Guide Overview
Sculpted by Floods Learning Resource Guide Overview: KSPS’s Sculpted by Floods tells the story of the ice age floods in the Pacific Northwest. It is a story of the earth's power, scientific discovery and human nature - one touted by enthusiasts as the greatest story left untold. During the last ice age, floods flowing with ten times the volume of all the world's current rivers combined inundated the Northwest. What they left behind was a unique landscape that citizens of the Pacific Northwest call home. Subjects: Earth Science, Geology, History, Pacific Northwest History Grade Levels: 6-8 Materials: Lesson handouts, laptops/computers Learning Guide Objectives: Define the following vocabulary terms and use them orally and in writing: glacier, flood, cataracts, landform, canyon, dam. Analyze how floods can create landforms and shape a region’s landscape, using the Missoula Floods as a case study. Next Generation Science Standards MS-ESS2-2. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth’s surface at varying time and spatial scales. Washington State History Standards EALR 4: HISTORY: 3.1. Understands the physical characteristics, cultural characteristics, and location of places, regions, and spatial patterns on the Earth’s surface Common Core English Language Arts Anchor & Literacy in History/Social Studies Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.R.7. Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.W.4. Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. -
Chapter 85. the Example of the Lake Missoula Flood
Chapter 85 The Example of the Lake Missoula Flood As already noted, uniformitarian hypotheses rarely, if ever, can be supported by extensive geological evidence. Part of this is due to the nature of the features, since they originated in the past. The same charge could be leveled against Flood explanations. However, geomorphological evidence for the Retreating Stage of the Flood is strong, as this ebook shows. Whereas uniformitarian scientists have to invent speculative secondary hypotheses to salvage their paradigm in the light of conflicting evidence, the Flood paradigm does not need to invent secondary hypotheses, because the evidence is consistent with the paradigm. Furthermore, the Flood paradigm has an example of how a well-substantiated catastrophic flood at the peak of the Ice Age created a water and wind gap.1 The Lake Missoula flood (earlier called the Spokane or the Bretz flood) demonstrates catastrophic floods can easily produce water and wind gaps. Figure 85.1. Glacial Lake Missoula as shown on a kiosk sign at Lake Pend Oreille. 1 Oard, M.J., 2004. The Missoula Flood Controversy and the Genesis Flood, Creation Research Society Monograph No. 13, Chino Valley, AZ. The Lake Missoula Flood One of the largest lakes ever ponded by an ice dam was glacial Lake Missoula (Figure 85.1). After this lake deepened to 2,000 feet (610 m) at the dam site in northern Idaho, the bursting ice dam initiated one of the largest floods on earth, except that described in Genesis. Glacial Lake Missoula contained 540 mi3 (2,210 km3) of water and emptied in two days. -
Giga Flood Chapter 8
Lake Allison In Oregon’s Willamette Valley during the largest Lake Missoula Flood the “GigaFlood” (Map by Rick Thompson) Revised Second Edition Copyright © 2015 Rick Thompson All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States Published by LMF Publishing Cover photograph: Willamette Falls, Rick Thompson Cover design: Rick Thompson ISBN 978-0-9890840-2-4 LMF Publishing P.O. Box 33056 Portland, OR 97292 GigaFlood The Largest of the Lake Missoula Floods In Northwest Oregon and Southwest Washington Revised Second Edition by Rick Thompson LMF Publishing Portland, OR Table of Contents Foreword..........................................................................9 Preface............................................................................11 Acknowledgements........................................................12 Introduction: The GigaFlood Story................................13 Chapter 1: The Ice Age..................................................17 Chapter 2: Ice Sheets and Ice Lobes..............................21 Chapter 3: The Lake Missoula Floods...........................29 Chapter 4: Discovering the Floods.................................35 Chapter 5: The Channeled Scablands.............................47 Chapter 6: Water Gaps...................................................67 Chapter -
The Missoula Flood
THE MISSOULA FLOOD Dry Falls in Grand Coulee, Washington, was the largest waterfall in the world during the Missoula Flood. Height of falls is 385 ft [117 m]. Flood waters were actually about 260 ft deep [80 m] above the top of the falls, so a more appropriate name might be Dry Cataract. KEENAN LEE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES GOLDEN COLORADO 80401 2009 The Missoula Flood 2 CONTENTS Page OVERVIEW 2 THE GLACIAL DAM 3 LAKE MISSOULA 5 THE DAM FAILURE 6 THE MISSOULA FLOOD ABOVE THE ICE DAM 6 Catastrophic Flood Features in Eddy Narrows 6 Catastrophic Flood Features in Perma Narrows 7 Catastrophic Flood Features at Camas Prairie 9 THE MISSOULA FLOOD BELOW THE ICE DAM 13 Rathdrum Prairie and Spokane 13 Cheny – Palouse Scablands 14 Grand Coulee 15 Wallula Gap and Columbia River Gorge 15 Portland to the Pacific Ocean 16 MULTIPLE MISSOULA FLOODS 17 AGE OF MISSOULA FLOODS 18 SOME REFERENCES 19 OVERVIEW About 15 000 years ago in latest Pleistocene time, glaciers from the Cordilleran ice sheet in Canada advanced southward and dammed two rivers, the Columbia River and one of its major tributaries, the Clark Fork River [Fig. 1]. One lobe of the ice sheet dammed the Columbia River, creating Lake Columbia and diverting the Columbia River into the Grand Coulee. Another lobe of the ice sheet advanced southward down the Purcell Trench to the present Lake Pend Oreille in Idaho and dammed the Clark Fork River. This created an enormous Lake Missoula, with a volume of water greater than that of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario combined [530 mi3 or 2200 km3]. -
A PALEOCLIMATIC and PALEOHYDROLOGIC RECONSTRUCTION of PLEISTOCENE FOSSIL LAKE, OREGON by © 2010 Julie Beth Retrum B.A., Univers
A PALEOCLIMATIC AND PALEOHYDROLOGIC RECONSTRUCTION OF PLEISTOCENE FOSSIL LAKE, OREGON By © 2010 Julie Beth Retrum B.A., University of Minnesota Morris, 2001 M.S., The University of Kansas, 2004 Submitted to the Department of Geology and the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy _____________________________________ Luis A González, Co-Chair _____________________________________ Stephen T. Hasiotis, Co-Chair _____________________________________ William C. Johnson _____________________________________ Jennifer A. Roberts _____________________________________ Gregory A. Ludvigson Date Submitted: _______________________ The dissertation committee for Julie Beth Retrum certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: A PALEOCLIMATIC AND PALEOHYDROLOGIC RECONSTRUCTION OF PLEISTOCENE FOSSIL LAKE, OREGON Committee: _____________________________________ Luis A González, Co-Chair _____________________________________ Stephen T. Hasiotis, Co-Chair _____________________________________ William C. Johnson _____________________________________ Jennifer A. Roberts _____________________________________ Gregory A. Ludvigson Date Submitted: _______________________ ii ABSTRACT Julie B. Retrum, Ph.D. Department of Geology, September 2010 University of Kansas Fossil Lake, Oregon, is a Pleistocene lacustrine basin (~ 650–13 ka) in the northwestern part of the Great Basin best known for its abundant and diverse vertebrate assemblage. -
Quaternary Studies Near Summer Lake, Oregon Friends of the Pleistocene Ninth Annual Pacific Northwest Cell Field Trip September 28-30, 2001
Quaternary Studies near Summer Lake, Oregon Friends of the Pleistocene Ninth Annual Pacific Northwest Cell Field Trip September 28-30, 2001 springs, bars, bays, shorelines, fault, dunes, etc. volcanic ashes and lake-level proxies in lake sediments N Ana River Fault N Paisley Caves Pluvial Lake Chewaucan Slide Mountain pluvial shorelines Quaternary Studies near Summer Lake, Oregon Friends of the Pleistocene Ninth Annual Pacific Northwest Cell Field Trip September 28-30, 2001 Rob Negrini, Silvio Pezzopane and Tom Badger, Editors Trip Leaders Rob Negrini, California State University, Bakersfield, CA Silvio Pezzopane, United States Geological Survey, Denver, CO Rob Langridge, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Lower Hutt, New Zealand Ray Weldon, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR Marty St. Louis, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Summer Lake, Oregon Daniel Erbes, Bureau of Land Management, Carson City, Nevada Glenn Berger, Desert Research Institute, University of Nevada, Reno, NV Manuel Palacios-Fest, Terra Nostra Earth Sciences Research, Tucson, Arizona Peter Wigand, California State University, Bakersfield, CA Nick Foit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA Steve Kuehn, Washington State University, Pullman, WA Andrei Sarna-Wojcicki, United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA Cynthia Gardner, USGS, Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, WA Rick Conrey, Washington State University, Pullman, WA Duane Champion, United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA Michael Qulliam, California State University, Bakersfield, -
Geologic Map of the Lacamas Creek Quadrangle, Clark County, Washington
Geologic Map of the Lacamas Creek Quadrangle, Clark County, Washington By Russell C. Evarts Pamphlet to accompany Scientific Investigations Map 2924 2006 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey INTRODUCTION PREVIOUS GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS GEOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGIC SETTING Previous geologic mapping in the Lacamas Creek area, generally carried out as part of broad The Lacamas Creek 7.5' quadrangle is in regional reconnaissance investigations, established southwestern Washington, approximately 25 km the basic stratigraphic framework and distribution of northeast of Portland, Oregon, along the eastern geologic units in the quadrangle. Trimble (1963) margin of the Portland Basin, which is part of the mapped and described the geology of the map area at Puget-Willamette Lowland that separates the Cascade a scale of 1:62,500 as part of a general geologic Range from the Oregon Coast Range (fig. 1). Since investigation of the Portland metropolitan area. late Eocene time, the Cascade Range has been the Working simultaneously but independently, locus of an episodically active volcanic arc associated Mundorff (1964) mapped the area of the Lacamas with underthrusting of oceanic lithosphere beneath Creek quadrangle for a water-resources evaluation of the North American continent along the Cascadia Clark County. He published a 1:48,000-scale Subduction Zone. Lava flows that erupted early in the geologic map and provided detailed descriptions of history of the arc underlie the eastern half of the the basin-fill deposits. Lacamas Creek quadrangle, forming a dissected Swanson and others (1993) updated terrain, with elevations as high as 2050 ft (625 m), Mundorff’s Clark County work as part of an that slopes irregularly but steeply to the southwest. -
1. Geologic Background
Ice Age Floods Study of Alternatives Background section d BACKGROUND 1. Geologic Background n recent geological history, portions of the United States have been the site of several Imassive flooding events caused by the abrupt drainage of glacial lakes. The most dramatic of these are the Ice Age Floods, which covered parts of Montana, Idaho, Washington, and Oregon. For a better understanding of the Floods, perhaps a good place to start is to first look at the geological and climatic changes that led up to these cataclysmic floods. NPS Photo Today’s travelers to the Northwest are witnesses Generally accepted scientific evidence extinct 65 million years ago, and about to a story that puzzled geologists for years. indicates that the earth is around 4.5 to 20 million years ago, in late Cenozoic 4.6 billion years old. Glaciation can be Era, the Pacific Northwest started to look traced all the way back to the Proterozoic much as it does today, with its Era, approximately 2.3 billion years ago, mountains, valleys, and shorelines. when the earth was covered with ice. Near the end of the Proterozoic Era, Ice Ages have occurred sporadically summary between 850 and 600 million years ago, throughout the earth’s history, although his section presents a brief overview of the rock records indicate another global they represent a relatively small part of TGlacial Lake Missoula Floods story, two of the glaciation period. geologic time. Many of the still visible key people involved with discovering the Floods effects of the great ice sheets that and the glacial lake from which the Floods About 200 million years ago the Atlantic periodically covered parts of North originated, and events that led up to the initiation Ocean began to open up and the America were produced during the last of the Ice Age Floods Alternatives Study. -
Three Main Types of Rocks on the Planet and in Oregon Lesson to Grow
Lesson to Grow Three Main Types of Rocks on the Planet and in Oregon Description: This lesson builds on the student readings found Grade Level: 4-10 in Oregon’s Ancient Geology. There are three main types of rocks in the world and all are found here Essential Skills: 3, 9 in Oregon. In this lesson, students learn what the NGSS: 4-ESS2-1, 5-ESS3-1 three main types of rocks are and identify geologic events in our region that could have created these CCSS: RI.4.7, W.4.7, W.4.8 rocks. Social Sciences: 6.11, 6.12, Background: 6.13, 6.14, 7.8., 7.9, 7.10, 7.13, 1) The three student geology readings can be 8.10, HS.14, HS.15 downloaded and printed from the online lesson, Math: MP.5 Oregon’s Ancient Natural History - Time: 2-3 class periods 2) The geologic events described in these readings were capable of forming one or more of the Materials: three types of rocks on the planet - sedimentary, Student reading sheets from metamorphic, or igneous. Oregon’s Ancient Natural History online 3) All rocks on earth are formed as either igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic rocks. The diagram AITC Library Resources: to the right shows how the rocks on earth are changed from one rock type to another. Cycling Back to Nature: Soils Alive This changing of rock types is called the “Rock Cycle”. A copy of this Rock Cycle image The Soul of Soil can be downloaded from the Geology Resources section. More Lessons: Earth as an Apple and Soil Directions: Conservation Note: Prior to this lesson, students should have received a copy of the three-part readings Water Filtering and Soil on Oregon’s Ancient Geology (Columbia Basalts, Missoula Floods, and Fire & Ice) and had Soil Horizons & Below our Feet time to read the material and discuss it with their class. -
Introduction and Overview
Factors that Influence Evolutionarily Significant Unit Boundaries and Status Assessment in a Highly Polymorphic Species, Oncorhynchus mykiss, in the Columbia Basin by Kathryn Kostow Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Information Report #2003-04 October 15, 2003 This document was prepared under an Interagency Personnel Agreement (IPA) between Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Division, Portland OR. and NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Science Center, Seattle WA. Funding for this project was provided by NOAA Fisheries and Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Contents Page Executive Summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 Evolutionary Relationship between Trout and Steelhead -------------------------------- 4 Status of ESUs that Contain both Trout and Steelhead ----------------------------------- 5 Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Scope and Intent of this Document ------------------------------------------------------------ 7 Constraints on Data Availability --------------------------------------------------------------- 8 Overview of Conditions that Influence Trout Distribution and Abundance in the Columbia Basin ------------------------------------------------------- 10 Evidence about the Evolutionary Relationship between Trout and Steelhead Populations --------------------------------------------------------------13 Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------