Falkland Islands SAFARI OVERVIEW
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Falkland Islands Seabird Monitoring Programme Annual Report 2019/2020 (SMP27)
Falkland Islands Seabird Monitoring Programme Annual Report 2019/2020 (SMP27) Sarah Crofts & Andrew Stanworth August 2020 Funded by the Falkland Islands Government 0 Recommended citation: Crofts, S. & Stanworth, A. 2020. Falkland Islands Seabird Monitoring Programme ‐ Annual Report 2019/2020 (SMP27). Falklands Conservation, Stanley. Falklands Conservation, 41 Ross Road, Stanley, Falkland Islands Corresponding author: Sarah Crofts: [email protected] Falkland Islands Government Denise Blake (Environmental Officer): [email protected] Falklands Conservation is a company limited by guarantee in England and Wales No. 3661322 and Registered Charity No. 1073859 Registered Office: 2nd Floor, Regis House, 45 King William Street, London, EC4R 9AN Telephone: +44 (0)1767 679039, [email protected] Registered as an Overseas Company in the Falkland Islands 1 Summary The Falkland Islands support seabird populations that are of global importance; both numerically, and in terms of conservation status. Accordingly, fluctuations in local populations may substantially affect the global conservation status of these species. The Falkland Islands Seabird Monitoring Programme (FISMP) monitors Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) at 11 sites (17 colonies), Southern Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes c. chrysocome) and Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) at five sites (14 colonies) and Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) at one site (one colony). King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) and Black‐browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophris) -
South Georgia and Antarctic Odyssey
South Georgia and Antarctic Odyssey 30 November – 18 December 2019 | Greg Mortimer About Us Aurora Expeditions embodies the spirit of adventure, travelling to some of the most wild opportunity for adventure and discovery. Our highly experienced expedition team of and remote places on our planet. With over 28 years’ experience, our small group voyages naturalists, historians and destination specialists are passionate and knowledgeable – they allow for a truly intimate experience with nature. are the secret to a fulfilling and successful voyage. Our expeditions push the boundaries with flexible and innovative itineraries, exciting Whilst we are dedicated to providing a ‘trip of a lifetime’, we are also deeply committed to wildlife experiences and fascinating lectures. You’ll share your adventure with a group education and preservation of the environment. Our aim is to travel respectfully, creating of like-minded souls in a relaxed, casual atmosphere while making the most of every lifelong ambassadors for the protection of our destinations. DAY 1 | Saturday 30 November 2019 Ushuaia, Beagle Channel Position: 20:00 hours Course: 83° Wind Speed: 20 knots Barometer: 991 hPa & steady Latitude: 54°49’ S Wind Direction: W Air Temp: 6° C Longitude: 68°18’ W Sea Temp: 5° C Explore. Dream. Discover. —Mark Twain in the soft afternoon light. The wildlife bonanza was off to a good start with a plethora of seabirds circling the ship as we departed. Finally we are here on the Beagle Channel aboard our sparkling new ice-strengthened vessel. This afternoon in the wharf in Ushuaia we were treated to a true polar welcome, with On our port side stretched the beech forested slopes of Argentina, while Chile, its mountain an invigorating breeze sweeping the cobwebs of travel away. -
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories Compiled by S. Oldfield Edited by D. Procter and L.V. Fleming ISBN: 1 86107 502 2 © Copyright Joint Nature Conservation Committee 1999 Illustrations and layout by Barry Larking Cover design Tracey Weeks Printed by CLE Citation. Procter, D., & Fleming, L.V., eds. 1999. Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Disclaimer: reference to legislation and convention texts in this document are correct to the best of our knowledge but must not be taken to infer definitive legal obligation. Cover photographs Front cover: Top right: Southern rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome (Richard White/JNCC). The world’s largest concentrations of southern rockhopper penguin are found on the Falkland Islands. Centre left: Down Rope, Pitcairn Island, South Pacific (Deborah Procter/JNCC). The introduced rat population of Pitcairn Island has successfully been eradicated in a programme funded by the UK Government. Centre right: Male Anegada rock iguana Cyclura pinguis (Glen Gerber/FFI). The Anegada rock iguana has been the subject of a successful breeding and re-introduction programme funded by FCO and FFI in collaboration with the National Parks Trust of the British Virgin Islands. Back cover: Black-browed albatross Diomedea melanophris (Richard White/JNCC). Of the global breeding population of black-browed albatross, 80 % is found on the Falkland Islands and 10% on South Georgia. Background image on front and back cover: Shoal of fish (Charles Sheppard/Warwick -
Vocal Communication of Falkland Skuas
Simona Sanvito and Filippo Galimberti Elephant Seal Research Group Vocal communication of Falkland skuas Project report - 2016/2017 Address for correspondence: Dr. Simona Sanvito, ESRG, Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands; Phone +500 32010, Fax +500 32003 Email [email protected] www.eleseal.org Summary The Falklands skua is an important, but understudied, component of the Falklands marine megafauna and biodiversity. We carried out field work on skuas at different locations in the Falkland Islands (Sea Lion Island, Carcass Is., Saunders Is., Bleaker Is., Pebble Is. and Islet, and Steeple Jason Is.) during the 2016-2017 breeding season. We recorded skuas vocalizations in all studied sites, to follow up our project on vocal communication started in 2014 at Sea Lion Island, and we also collected preliminary data on nests location and habitat, and spatial distribution at large, at the different sites. In this report, we present the results of the field work, we summarize the nesting and breeding data, and we present some preliminary findings about the communication study. We found that skuas are actually breeding in places where they were not known to do so (e.g., Pebble Is.), and in some places we found a spatial distribution quite different from what we expected, based on traditional knowledge (e.g., at Carcass Is.). We observed a large variation in the timing of breeding between the islands. We confirmed that skuas have a complex vocal communication system, that there is individual variation in vocal behaviour and vocal reactivity of different individuals, and that calls have important individual features. We also drafted a preliminary vocal repertoire for the species, and we found that the contact call seems to be the best part of the repertoire to study individual recognition. -
The Sea Lion Islands: a Chronological History
The Sea Lion Islands: A Chronological History D. Bailey, Historian in Residence, 2019 Sea Lion Island is the most Southerly occupied Island in the Falklands archipelago and is the largest of the ‘Sea Lion Islands’ group. They first appear named on a map of ‘Hawkins Maidenland’ in 1689 and have been known as the Sea Lion Islands since. Not a great deal is known about Sea Lion Island’s history between its discovery and the mid- nineteenth century but it is safe to assume that the bountiful stocks of seals and sea lions were brutally exploited by the many (predominantly American) sealers visiting the Falklands to take advantage of their lack of protection. In terms of ownership, the islands are first mentioned included in a grant issued to Alexander Ross and Samuel Lafone (who lent his name to Lafonia) in 1846. In their early prospectus (1849) they mention the islands’ use for the profitable sealing industry that had been steadily wiping out the populations on the islands for the best part of a hundred years. The Sea Lion Islands are referred to as being “favourite resorts of these valuable animals” but it was later noted that “…Hitherto, these valuable rookeries have been so much poached by French and American adventurers and fished in so indiscriminate a manner, that on some of the best grounds the animals are becoming shy and scarce;…” As with many of the Falkland Islands, Sea Lion Island does have a rich maritime history often linked either to the perilous waters around Cape Horn or to the shallow reefs off the island itself. -
Bleaker Island Settlement & the South
Distance: 1.5 - 2 km Time: 30-45 min Terrain: Moderate 1 SETTLEMENT TRAIL 89 Semaphore Hill This short trail is ideal for families and provides a great introduction to the immediate area. Taking in whale bones, settlement buildings and gardens, the walk also provides a glimpse into farming life with the chance to watch farm activities such as shearing or cattle work if the time is right. It includes a short climb to the Shearing shed summit of Bleaker’s highest hill, an altitude of just 27m (89 feet), giving views across the island and surrounding ocean. 1 Main route Settlement Walk first to the BBQ hut in front of Cassard House. BBQ hut Take time to admire the “Essence of our Community” Imperial artwork on the south-facing wall then go through the gate cormorants Long to see a full Sei whale skeleton, above the beach, nestled 0 100 200 300 400 500 Gulch into the green. 2 Meters From here a route can usually be picked out along the Rockhopper shore in a northerly direction towards the shearing shed Short Gulch penguins and stock yards, taking in a pretty little bay with a variety First Is. of birds. If the weather is very wet and the shoreline muddy, Pebbly Bay an alternative is to walk back through the gate by the Tips: bar-b-que hut, down through the low valley via the wind Ask if anything is happening on the farm, to turbine and solar panels, then through two time the walk accordingly, but remember to gates along a clear track. -
A Review of the Abundance and Distribution of Striated Caracaras Phalcoboenus Australis on the Falkland Islands Micky Reeves &Am
A review of the abundance and distribution of Striated Caracaras Phalcoboenus australis on the Falkland Islands Aniket Sardana Micky Reeves & Sarah Crofts Falklands Conservation, May 2015 The authors dedicate this report to Mr. Ian Strange and Mr. Robin Woods whose earlier surveys laid much ground work. This work was funded by: Falklands Conservation is a company limited by guarantee in England & Wales #3661322 and Registered Charity #1073859. Registered as an Overseas Company in the Falkland Islands. Roy Smith “These birds, generally known among sealers by the name of “Johnny” rook, partake of the form and nature of the hawk and crow… Their claws are armed with large and strong talons, like those of an eagle; they are exceedingly bold and the most mischievous of all the feathered creation. The sailors who visit these islands, being often much vexed at their predatory tricks, have bestowed different names upon them, characteristic of their nature, as flying monkeys, flying devils….” Charles Bernard 1812‐13 “A tameness or lack of wariness is an example of the loss of defensive adaptations.... an ecological naiveté…these animals aren’t imbeciles. Evolution has merely prepared them for a life in a world that is simpler and more innocent”…. where humans are entirely outside their experience. David Quammen (Island Biography in an age of extinction) 1996 1 ABSTRACT The Falkland Islands are globally important for the Striated Caracaras (Phalcoboenus australis). They reside mainly on the outer islands of the archipelago in strong associated with seabird populations, and where human interference is relatively low. A survey of the breeding population conducted in the austral summers of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 indicates that the current population is likely to be the highest it has been for perhaps the last 100 years. -
The Falkland Islands by Dr. Madeline Kalbach Travel Study Is One of The
December 2017 The Falkland Islands By Dr. Madeline Kalbach Travel study is one of the best ways to learn about wildlife and wildlife behaviour whether here on the Refuge or in far-away places. I was lucky enough to go on travel study with the University of Calgary for three weeks in October and November, 2017. This article covers the first two weeks of my wildlife study sojourn which took place in the Falkland Islands. The Falkland Islands are an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom. They are self-governing and financially viable. The archipelago has its own constitution, and by it the UK is responsible for their defence and foreign affairs. The Falklands are a cluster of isles 350 kilometers east of Tierra del Fuego at the Southern tip of South America. East Falkland is the largest island in the archipelago, while West Falkland is the second largest. Other islands, of which there are more than 750, are scattered around the edges of East and West Falkland. The large and most visited of the outer islands offers something different, both in terms of flora, fauna, and natural beauty. The hospitality of the hosts on the outer islands and the wildlife have made it a trip to remember. It is a wonderful experience to be among and with folks who are conservation minded, hold the wildlife in high regard, and do everything they can to protect it. The lodges are located on working farms. Sheep are the mainstay for their wool as well as for meat. PHOTO: The King Penguin is the second largest of the penguins. -
International Tours & Travel the Falkland Islands Travel Specialists
Welcome to the Falkland Islands The Falkland Islands Travel Specialists International Tours & Travel www.falklandislands.travel FALKLAND ISLANDS Grand Steeple 1186 Jason Jason 779 Pebble Is. Marble Mt 909 Cape Dolphin First Mt 723 Carcass Is. THE ROOKERY THE NECK 1384 Kepple Is. Rookery Mt Elephant Saunders Is. Beach Farm West Point Is. 1211 Salvador Cli Mt Coutts Hill Douglas 926 Dunbar 751 Salvador Hill Johnson’s 1709 Mt Rosalie Port Station Volunteer Byron Heights Shallow 1396 San Carlos Harbour Mt D’Arcy Point Bay Bombilla Hill Hill Cove 1370 938 er S 648 v RACE POINT a Ri arrah n Port Louis W FARM C a r l o s Roy Cove R BERKLEY SOUND San Carlos i v e Teal Inlet Port r WEST FALKLAND KINGSFORD Long Island 2297 Howard VALLEY FARM Malo Hill 658 Crooked Mt Adam Mt Maria 871 KING 2158 River Mt Low Inlet Muer Jack Mt Marlo Murrell Passage Is. GEORGE 1796 Mt Kent Mt Longdon BAY D 1504 Smoko Mt Two Sisters Cape 2312 1392 Mt Tumbledown N Mt William Pembroke Chartres Saladero Mt Usborne Mt Wickham U 2056 Stanley O Blu Mt Moody Fitzroy River Dunnose Head 1816 S New Haven Mount Pleasant Cove New Is. Little Airport Fitzroy Chartres Darwin Mt Sulivan Spring Point 1554 Goose QUEEN D Lake Green Bertha’s CHARLOTTE Sulivan N Beach Beaver Is. BAY A LAFONIA CHOISEUL SOUND Weddell Is. L EAST FALKLAND 1256 Fox Bay (E) K Mt Weddell Fox Bay (W) Walker South L Harbour Creek A Lively Is. Port Edgar F Mt Emery Mt Young 1164 1115 North Port Arm Mt Alice Stephens 1185 Speedwell Is. -
We Are Saeri Chairman’S Foreword
WE ARE SAERI CHAIRMAN’S FOREWORD The annual report shows an Institute In the accounts for our second year as an growing in confidence. The foundations independent charity clearly show: and fundamentals established last year • We have achieved a near break-even WE ARE SAERI have been built upon successfully. budget in year 2 in the unrestricted The quality, dedication and talent of our funds, indicating sound financial staff remain central to the achievement of planning, management and tight our mission. It is their research excellence financial controls. and academic rigour that ensure our work • Careful cost controls resulting in a | CHAIRMAN is valued to international standards. It is slight decrease in operating expenditure their dedication and approach that have (£370,000 to £360,000), which wage helped us build new partnerships and and other inflationary pressures extend our reach. It is their commitment managed by strict financial oversight. to delivery and customer service that • Greater sophistication in the delivery of have seen income growth through our contracted activities through our trading commercial subsidiary, SAERI (Falklands) subsidiary resulting in increased Limited. Through our scientists’ work we recharges and donations to the charity have discovered more about the the world which contribute to its core costs. around us and moved the frontiers of knowledge. In addition, our work has repeatedly been independently tested and both our closed This year we have identified new species projects (Darwin Cetaceans and Natural – one of which now bears SAERI’s name - Capital Assessment (NCA)) and our and delivered excellent science. We have Group’s accounts have received brought more world class researchers unqualified audits. -
Seasonal Micro-Migration in a Farm-Island Population of Striated Caracaras (Phalcoboenus Australis) in the Falkland Islands Katie J
Harrington et al. Movement Ecology (2018) 6:4 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-018-0122-8 RESEARCH Open Access Seasonal micro-migration in a farm-island population of striated caracaras (Phalcoboenus australis) in the Falkland Islands Katie J. Harrington1,2*, Suzan Pole-Evans3, Micky Reeves4, Marc Bechard5, Melissa Bobowski1, David R. Barber1, Kalinka Rexer-Huber1, Nicolas Lecomte6 and Keith L. Bildstein1 Abstract Background: The extent to which seasonal changes in food availability affect small-scale movements in free- ranging populations of birds of prey is relatively little studied. Here we describe a seasonal “micro-migration” of a farm-island population of striated caracaras (Phalcoboenus australis) in the Falkland Islands in response to seasonal changes in the availability of seabird carcasses. We banded more than 450 individuals on Saunders Island, deployed archival and satellite GPS data loggers on 17 individuals, and monitored movements within and between two feeding areas on Saunders Island, a “marine-subsidized” site near seabird colonies and an anthropogenic “human- subsidized” farm site 16 km to the southeast. Results: During 67 observation days between 2010 and 2015, resightings of 312 banded caracaras were greater at the marine-subsidized site during austral summer than winter, and the total daily resightings varied significantly between spring versus summer, summer versus winter, autumnversusspring,andautumnversus winter. Resightings were higher at the human-subsidized site in austral winter than summer and the total daily resightings varied significantly across all bi-seasonal comparisons. Resightings indicated that at least 12 of 197 birds (6.1%) moved between the human- and marine-subsidized sites at least once during the same winter, 15 of 335 birds (4.5%) did so in spring, none of 164 birds did so in summer, and 16 of 297 birds (5.4%) did so in autumn. -
MAMMALS on the FALKLAND ISLANDS 24 Feb- 2 Mar 2013
MAMMALS ON THE FALKLAND ISLANDS 24 Feb- 2 Mar 2013 For a week in February and March this year I was fortunate enough to spend a few days on the Falkland Islands as part of a group of wildlife journalists. I stayed in four places: Darwin (East Falkland), Carcass Island, West Point Island, Sealion Island and Port Stanley (East Falkland). This brief report will hopefully pass on a few nuggets of information for other keen mammal-watchers who visit. House Mice DQG%URZQ5DWVRFFXURQVRPHLVODQGVEXW,GLGQ¶WORRNIRUWKHVH We saw Brown Hare at Darwin and some Rabbits on Carcass Island. PATAGONIAN FOX Dusicyon griseus Introduced to a few islands, one of which is Weddell Island. They are easy to see there. On our trip we touched down on Weddell Island for 10 minutes on the way to somewhere else (24 Feb), but still managed to see a fox on the runway. SOUTHERN ELEPHANT SEAL Mirounga leonina Localised, but easy to see. We were shown colonies on Carcass Island and Sealion Island. Their sheer bulk, their innate aggression, and the hilarious flatulent noises they make (albeit through the nose) make them great entertainment. The above animals were on Sealion Island (28 Feb). They are around for the breeding season, when the human visitors come. SOUTHERN SEALION Otaria flavescens These are quite common and we saw them both from Carcass Island and Sealion Island, as well as on a whale-watching trip from Stanley. The males are distinctive and quite grotesque. Adult male Southern Sealion on its eponymous island, 27 Feb 2013. &200(5621¶6'2/3+,1Cephalorhynchus commersonii ,IWKHUH¶VRQHPDPPDO-watching reason to go to the Falklands, it has to be to see this wonderful cetacean, which is common around the islands.