DOCSLIB.ORG

Fredrik Lilja Whip of the Vine Malmö University 2019

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fredrik Lilja Whip of the Vine Malmö University 2019 WHIP OF THE VINE Labour relations and the role of alcohol in Western Cape wine farming from the 1940s to the 2010s FREDRIK LILJA SKRIFTER MED HISTORISKA PERSPEKTIV NO. 20 FREDRIK LILJA WHIP OF THE VINE MALMÖ UNIVERSITY 2019 WHIP OF THE VINE Skrifter med historiska perspektiv No. 20 © Copyright Fredrik Lilja 2019 Cover photo by Sheila Lilja ISBN 978-91-7104-977-3 (print) ISBN 978-91-7104-978-0 (pdf) Holmbergs, Malmö 2019 FREDRIK LILJA WHIP OF THE VINE Labour relations and the role of alcohol in Western Cape wine farming from the 1940s to the 2010s Malmö University, 2019 Faculty of Education and Society This publication is available electronically at, muep.mau.se The Cape winelands. CONTENTS PREFACE ............................................................................................. 9 1. WINE FARMING AND ALCOHOL ABUSE ................................... 11 Wine and farm labour in the Western Cape ................................................ 11 Alcohol and wine farming .............................................................................. 13 Alcohol and labour in history ......................................................................... 23 2. THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF WINE FARMING IN THE WESTERN CAPE ............................................................................... 28 Race and class on the wine farms ................................................................. 28 Mechanization and stratification ................................................................... 30 Permanent and seasonal labour in the rural class struggle ......................... 32 State control and estate revolt ....................................................................... 34 Legislation ........................................................................................................ 37 3. THE DOP SYSTEM AND DRUNKENNESS IN THE CAPE – 1940S TO 1960S ............................................................................ 40 The dop system in practice ............................................................................. 40 Opposition to the dop system ........................................................................ 45 Causes and effects of drunkenness ............................................................... 50 Sobriety and labour – the view of labourers ................................................ 56 Farmers who refused the system .................................................................... 58 Abolition of the dop system ............................................................................ 61 4. WINDS OF CHANGE – TRANSFORMATION OF PRODUCTION AND LABOUR, 1950S TO 1990S .......................... 64 The labour force – race, gender and wages ............................................... 64 Winds of change in the vineyards ................................................................. 69 Harvest time and new technology ................................................................. 72 Division of labour, skills and training ............................................................ 76 Division of labourers – management and individualization of labour ....... 81 Productivity, profits and stratification of the labour force ............................ 89 5. TRADE UNIONS, SANCTIONS AND IMPROVED CONDITIONS ON FARMS .............................................................. 93 Getting the house in order – trade unions are coming to the farm ............. 93 Keeping politics away from farming ........................................................... 100 The impact of sanctions ................................................................................ 108 6. NEW CONDITIONS FOR CAPITAL ACCUMULATION – WINE FARMING AND LABOUR RELATIONS IN THE POST- APARTHEID ERA ............................................................................. 115 Deregulation and competition on the international market ....................... 115 The new labour relations .............................................................................. 123 Fair wages instead of Fairtrade ................................................................... 129 The disappearance of the dop system ........................................................ 133 The “soft tot” and responsible labourers ..................................................... 137 7. INSIDE THE FARM GATES AND OUTSIDE – HOUSING, LOYALTY AND SECURITY FOR FARM LABOURERS ........................ 146 Housing for farm labourers – investment, control and costs ..................... 146 Independence and dependence ................................................................. 150 Understanding the isolation – challenges for trade unions ....................... 153 Farm labourers organizing against trade unions ....................................... 157 8. THE STRUGGLE OVER FARM LABOURERS – ALCOHOL ABUSE AND SOCIAL UPLIFTMENT IN THE POST-APARTHEID ERA ................ 162 Cheap alcohol and the legacy of the dop system ..................................... 162 New generation and old habits .................................................................. 167 Mechanization, diversification of labourers and alcohol problems ......... 170 Benefactors and the role of the individual .................................................. 175 Upliftment, empowerment and fairness ....................................................... 179 Treatment and coordination of efforts ......................................................... 182 The voice of farm labourers ......................................................................... 185 9. CONTINUITY AND CHANGE ON WINE FARMS ...................... 194 SOURCES AND LITERATURE .......................................................... 206 Sources .......................................................................................................... 206 Literature ........................................................................................................ 208 List of acronyms ............................................................................................. 213 List of tables ................................................................................................... 213 PREFACE Research for this book was done in 2013 when the dust from the farm labour strikes earlier that year had just begun to settle in the Western Cape. Issues of working conditions on farms have emerged in the public debate from time to time since then, both in South Africa and in countries such as Sweden, where much of the wine produced in the Western Cape ends up. Questions of exploi- tation and the human cost of producing wine have been at the cen- tre of such discussions and I hope this book can contribute with new perspectives. If successful, the book will illuminate central as- pects of the transformations that have occurred in wine farming since the mid-twentieth century, which must be considered in order to understand relations on farms today. The book is part of a pro- ject at Malmö University funded by SIDA through the Swedish Re- search Council’s Division for Development Research. Several people have contributed to and facilitated the research. Lars Olsson, who headed the project, and Jonas Sjölander have provided both valued comments and company and deserve special thanks. Joachim Ewert, Gavin Williams and Andries du Toit have generously shared their knowledge about the wine industry. Niklas Almesjö and Sheila Lilja have assisted with the map. Mats Greiff and Johan Lundin have assisted in the publishing process. Lastly, thanks to my family and especially to my dad Anders Lilja and my wife Sheila. Uppsala, December 2018. Fredrik Lilja 9 9 10 10 1. WINE FARMING AND ALCOHOL ABUSE Wine and farm labour in the Western Cape Since the seventeenth century, alcohol has played an important role in the formation and reproduction of relations based on class and race in South Africa. In the Cape winelands, where white farmers for centuries gave rations of wine to the largely coloured labour force in the infamous dop (or tot) system, it has been especially ev- ident how alcohol has contributed to both wealth and subjugation. The dop system was initiated in the days of slavery in order to cre- ate docile labourers and continued until the late twentieth century, although it was banned in the 1960s. In 1996, President Nelson Mandela denounced it and called for the wine industry to end the “‘[…] last remnants of the tot system’”.1 It has since then largely disappeared, although occasional reports of its continued existence have emerged from time to time. But while the practice of the past is not widespread in the twenty-first century, the alcohol abuse and social problems related to it, are still indeed common. The prevalence of the dop system has generally been regarded as a cause of alcoholism among coloureds in the rural areas of the Western Cape, the province with the highest level of alcohol de- pendency in South Africa.2 But despite the important role of the dop system, little is known about how it transformed during the later half of the twentieth century, how and why it diminished and finally disappeared, and how this affected labour relations on 1 London, 1999, p. 1412. For the early history of the dop system, see Williams, 2016. 2 See London, 2000. 11 11 farms. The purpose of this book is therefore to analyse the role of alcohol in Western Cape wine farming from the 1940s to the 2010s in an attempt to explain the decreasing use of the dop sys- tem, how its
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Restoration of Tulbagh As Cultural Signifier
    BETWEEN MEMORY AND HISTORY: THE RESTORATION OF TULBAGH AS CULTURAL SIGNIFIER Town Cape of A 60-creditUniversity dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the Degree of Master of Philosophy in the Conservation of the Built Environment. Jayson Augustyn-Clark (CLRJAS001) University of Cape Town / June 2017 Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment: School of Architecture, Planning and Geomatics The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town ‘A measure of civilization’ Let us always remember that our historical buildings are not only big tourist attractions… more than just tradition…these buildings are a visible, tangible history. These buildings are an important indication of our level of civilisation and a convincing proof for a judgmental critical world - that for more than 300 years a structured and proper Western civilisation has flourished and exist here at the southern point of Africa. The visible tracks of our cultural heritage are our historic buildings…they are undoubtedly the deeds to the land we love and which God in his mercy gave to us. 1 2 Fig.1. Front cover – The reconstructed splendour of Church Street boasts seven gabled houses in a row along its western side. The author’s house (House 24, Tulbagh Country Guest House) is behind the tree (photo by Norman Collins).
    [Show full text]
  • Tulbagh Renosterveld Project Report
    BP TULBAGH RENOSTERVELD PROJECT Introduction The Cape Floristic Region (CFR) is the smallest and richest floral kingdom of the world. In an area of approximately 90 000km² there are over 9 000 plant species found (Goldblatt & Manning 2000). The CFR is recognized as one of the 33 global biodiversity hotspots (Myers, 1990) and has recently received World Heritage Status. In 2002 the Cape Action Plan for the Environment (CAPE) programme identified the lowlands of the CFR as 100% irreplaceable, meaning that to achieve conservation targets all lowland fragments would have to be conserved and no further loss of habitat should be allowed. Renosterveld , an asteraceous shrubland that predominantly occurs in the lowland areas of the CFR, is the most threatened vegetation type in South Africa . Only five percent of this highly fragmented vegetation type still remains (Von Hase et al 2003). Most of these Renosterveld fragments occur on privately owned land making it the least represented vegetation type in the South African Protected Areas network. More importantly, because of the fragmented nature of Renosterveld it has a high proportion of plants that are threatened with extinction. The Custodians of Rare and Endangered Wildflowers (CREW) project, which works with civil society groups in the CFR to update information on threatened plants, has identified the Tulbagh valley as a high priority for conservation action. This is due to the relatively large amount of Renosterveld that remains in the valley and the high amount of plant endemism. The CAPE program has also identified areas in need of fine scale plans and the Tulbagh area falls within one of these: The Upper Breede River planning domain.
    [Show full text]
  • Coloured’ Schools in Cape Town, South Africa
    Constructing Ambiguous Identities: Negotiating Race, Respect, and Social Change in ‘Coloured’ Schools in Cape Town, South Africa Daniel Patrick Hammett Ph.D. The University of Edinburgh 2007 1 Declaration This thesis has been composed by myself from the results of my own work, except where otherwise acknowledged. It has not been submitted in any previous application for a degree. i Abstract South African social relations in the second decade of democracy remain framed by race. Spatial and social lived realities, the continued importance of belonging – to feel part of a community, mean that identifying as ‘coloured’ in South Africa continues to be contested, fluid and often ambiguous. This thesis considers the changing social location of ‘coloured’ teachers through the narratives of former and current teachers and students. Education is used as a site through which to explore the wider social impacts of social and spatial engineering during and subsequent to apartheid. Two key themes are examined in the space of education, those of racial identity and of respect. These are brought together in an interwoven narrative to consider whether or not ‘coloured’ teachers in the post-apartheid period are respected and the historical trajectories leading to the contemporary situation. Two main concerns are addressed. The first considers the question of racial identification to constructions of self-identity. Working with post-colonial theory and notions of mimicry and ambivalence, the relationship between teachers and the identifier ‘coloured’ is shown to be problematic and contested. Second, and connected to teachers’ engagement with racialised identities, is the notion of respect. As with claims to identity and racial categorisation, the concept of respect is considered as mutable and dynamic and rendered with contextually subjective meanings that are often contested and ambivalent.
    [Show full text]
  • Reflections on Apartheid in South Africa: Perspectives and an Outlook for the Future
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 415 168 SO 028 325 AUTHOR Warnsley, Johnnye R. TITLE Reflections on Apartheid in South Africa: Perspectives and an Outlook for the Future. A Curriculum Unit. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1996 (South Africa). INSTITUTION Center for International Education (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 1996-00-00 NOTE 77p. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *African Studies; *Apartheid; Black Studies; Foreign Countries; Global Education; Instructional Materials; Interdisciplinary Approach; Peace; *Racial Discrimination; *Racial Segregation; Secondary Education; Social Studies; Teaching Guides IDENTIFIERS African National Congress; Mandela (Nelson); *South Africa ABSTRACT This curriculum unit is designed for students to achieve a better understanding of the South African society and the numerous changes that have recently, occurred. The four-week unit can be modified to fit existing classroom needs. The nine lessons include: (1) "A Profile of South Africa"; (2) "South African Society"; (3) "Nelson Mandela: The Rivonia Trial Speech"; (4) "African National Congress Struggle for Justice"; (5) "Laws of South Africa"; (6) "The Pass Laws: How They Impacted the Lives of Black South Africans"; (7) "Homelands: A Key Feature of Apartheid"; (8) "Research Project: The Liberation Movement"; and (9)"A Time Line." Students readings, handouts, discussion questions, maps, and bibliography are included. (EH) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** 00 I- 4.1"Reflections on Apartheid in South Africa: Perspectives and an Outlook for the Future" A Curriculum Unit HERE SHALL watr- ALL 5 HALLENTOEQUALARTiii. 41"It AFiacAPLAYiB(D - Wad Lli -WIr_l clal4 I.4.4i-i PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY (4.)L.ct.0-Aou-S TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Johnnye R.
    [Show full text]
  • Women in Twentieth Century South African Politics
    WOMEN IN TWENTIETH CENTURY SOUTH AFRICAN POLITICS: WOMEN IN TWENTIETH CENTURY SOUTH AFRICAN POLITICS: THE FEDERATION OF SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN, ITS ROOTS, GROWTH AND DECLINE A thesis submitted for the Degree of Master of Arts at the University of Cape Town October 1978 C.J. WALKER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my appreciation to my supervisor, Robin Hallett, and to those friends who helped and encouraged me in numerous different ways. I also wish to acknowledge the financial assistance I received from the following sources, which made the writing of this thesis possible: Human Sciences Research Council Harry Crossley Scholarship Fund H.B. Webb Gijt. Scholarship Fund University of Cape Town Council. The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author alone. CONTENTS List of Abbreviations used in text Introduction CHAPTER 1 : The Position of Women, 1921-1954 CHAPTER 2 : The Roots of the FSAW, 1910-1939 CHAPTER 3 : The Roots of the FSAW, 1939-1954 CHAPTER 4 : The Establishment of the FSAW CHAPTER 5 : The Federation of South African Women, 1954-1963 CHAPTER 6 : The FSAW, 1954-1963: Structure and Strategy CHAPTER 7 : Relationships with the Congress Alliance: The Women's Movement and National Liberation CHAPTER 8 : Conclusion APPENDICES BIBI,!OGRAPHY iv V 1 53 101 165 200 269 320 343 349 354 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN TEXT AAC AllAfricanConvention AME American Methodist Episcopal (Church) ANC African National Congress ANCWL African National Congress Women's League APO African People's Organisation COD CongressofDemocrats CPSA Communist Party
    [Show full text]
  • Stellenbosch and the Muslim Communities, 1896-1966 Stellenbosch En Die Moslem-Gemeenskappe, 1896-1966 ﺳﺘﻠﻴﻨﺒﻮش و اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ ، 1966-1896 م
    Stellenbosch and the Muslim Communities, 1896-1966 Stellenbosch en die Moslem-gemeenskappe, 1896-1966 ﺳﺘﻠﻴﻨﺒﻮش و اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ ، 1896-1966م. Chet James Paul Fransch ﺷﺎت ﻓﺮاﻧﺴﺶ Thesis presented in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (History) at the University of Stellenbosch Supervisor: Prof Sandra Scott Swart March 2009 Declaration By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the owner of the copyright thereof and that I have not previously, in its entirety or in part, submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Date: 3 March 2009 Copyright © Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i Abstract This study intends to investigate a facet of the race relations of the town of Stellenbosch within the context of state ideology and the reaction of the various local communities towards these policies. Against various internal and external forces, certain alliances were formed but these remained neither static nor constant. The external forces of particular concern within this study are the role of state legislation, Municipal regulations and political activism amongst the elite of the different racial groups. The manner in which the external forces both mould and are moulded by identity and the fluid nature of identifying with certain groups to achieve particular goals will also be investigated. This thesis uses the case study of the Muslim Communities of Stellenbosch to explain the practice of Islam in Stellenbosch, the way in which the religion co-existed within the structure of the town, how the religion influenced and was influenced by context and time and how the practitioners of this particular faith interacted not only amongst themselves but with other “citizens of Stellenbosch”.
    [Show full text]
  • A Teachers Guide to Accompany the Slide Show
    A Teachers Guide to Accompany the Slide Show by Kevin Danaher A Teachers Guide to Accompany the Slide Show by Kevin Danaher @ 1982 The Washington Office on Africa Educational Fund Contents Introduction .................................................1 Chapter One The Imprisoned Society: An Overview ..................... 5 South Africa: Land of inequality ............................... 5 1. bantustans ................................................6 2. influx Control ..............................................9 3. Pass Laws .................................................9 4. Government Represskn ....................................8 Chapter Two The Soweto Rebellion and Apartheid Schooling ......... 12 Chapter Three Early History ...............................................15 The Cape Colony: European Settlers Encounter African Societies in the 17th Century ................ 15 The European Conquest of Sotho and Nguni Land ............. 17 The Birth d ANC Opens a New Era ........................... 20 Industrialization. ............................................ 20 Foundations of Apartheid .................................... 21 Chapter Four South Africa Since WurJd War II .......................... 24 Constructing Apcrrtheid ........................... J .......... 25 Thd Afriqn National Congress of South Africa ................. 27 The Freedom Chafler ........................................ 29 The Treason Trid ........................................... 33 The Pan Africanht Congress ................................. 34 The
    [Show full text]
  • Law and Post-Apartheid South Africa
    Fordham International Law Journal Volume 12, Issue 3 1988 Article 2 Law and Post-Apartheid South Africa Winston P. Nagan∗ ∗ Copyright c 1988 by the authors. Fordham International Law Journal is produced by The Berke- ley Electronic Press (bepress). http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ilj Law and Post-Apartheid South Africa Winston P. Nagan Abstract This Article examines South African perspectives on the legal system within South Africa post-Apartheid, in particular the new focus on human rights. LAW AND POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICAt Winston P. Nagan* Introduction ............................................ 400 I. Law and the Unjust State ........................ 402 II. Post-Colonialism and the South African State .... 404 III. Theoretical Concerns About the Problem of P ow er ........................................... 406 IV. The Relevance of the Power Process to Constitutional Law ............................... 408 V. Conflict-Consensus, Pluralism, and the Constitutive Process ............................. 409 VI. Changes in the South African Power Process as Indicators of a Trend Towards an Alternative Legal O rder ..................................... 413 VII. The South African Power Processes .............. 413 VIII. Prescription as a Norm-Generating Process ...... 415 IX. Trends in Constitutive Expectations About Liberation and Human Rights in South Africa ... 418 A. The Altantic Charter ........................ 418 B. The Freedom Charter (1955) ................ 421 C. The UDF Declaration ...................... 425 D. Constitutional Guidelines for a Democratic South A frica ................................ 427 X . A ppraisal ........................................ 433 The Struggle and the Future Legal Order: Concluding Considerations ............... ......... 436 Appendix A: The Freedom Charter .................... 439 t This Article is based on a speech that was given at the University of Pittsburgh on March 18, 1988. The views expressed are personal to the author. * Professor of I.aw, University of Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • School Leadership Under Apartheid South Africa As Portrayed in the Apartheid Archive Projectand Interpreted Through Freirean Education
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2021 SCHOOL LEADERSHIP UNDER APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA AS PORTRAYED IN THE APARTHEID ARCHIVE PROJECTAND INTERPRETED THROUGH FREIREAN EDUCATION Kevin Bruce Deitle University of Montana, Missoula Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Deitle, Kevin Bruce, "SCHOOL LEADERSHIP UNDER APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA AS PORTRAYED IN THE APARTHEID ARCHIVE PROJECTAND INTERPRETED THROUGH FREIREAN EDUCATION" (2021). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 11696. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11696 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SCHOOL LEADERSHIP UNDER APARTHEID SCHOOL LEADERSHIP UNDER APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA AS PORTRAYED IN THE APARTHEID ARCHIVE PROJECT AND INTERPRETED THROUGH FREIREAN EDUCATION By KEVIN BRUCE DEITLE Dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in International Educational Leadership The University of Montana Missoula, Montana March 2021 Approved by: Dr. Ashby Kinch, Dean of the Graduate School
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Spatial Development Framework: October 2019
    Witzenberg Municipality Spatial Development Framework Draft for Comment October 2019 Contact Professional Team Witzenberg Municipality Building Control Built Environment Partnership GAPP Architects and Urban Designers and Spatial Planning Project Manager: Robin Koopman Urban Designer: Bobby Gould-Pratt (Urban Hennie Taljaard – Manager: Town Planning & Designer) Senior Strategic Spatial Planner: Stephen Building Control Boshoff email: [email protected] Professional Planner: Janine Loubser call: +27 21 424 2390 Candidate Planner: Lesley-Anne Jonathan email: Infinity Environmental [email protected] email: Director: Jeremy Rose [email protected] call: email: [email protected] call: +27 21 914 6211 +27 23 316 8554 call: +27 21 834 1600 / 83 273 3016 Innovative Transport Solutions visit: visit: Director: Lynne Pretorius email: [email protected] c/o Lyell Street and Voortrekker Street Unit 497 call: +27 21 914 6211 Ceres 3rd Floor, Old Warehouse Building 6835 2 Fir Street Black River Park Observatory Glossary of Abbreviations BNG - Breaking New Ground (national LM - Local Municipality SANBI - South African National Biodiversity subsidised housing strategy) LSDF (s) - Local Spatial Development Institute CAOZ - Conservation Area Overlay Zone Framework (Frameworks) SEMF - Strategic Environment Management CBA - Critical Biodiversity Area LSU - Large Stock Unit Framework CBD - Central Business District LUMS - Land Use Management System SDF(s) - Spatial Development Framework (Frameworks) CEF - Capital Expenditure Framework LUPA
    [Show full text]
  • History of Worcester HERITAGE WALKING ROUTE, MEMORIAL GARDEN, WORCESTER TOWN MAP, WORCESTER WINE & OLIVE ROUTE MAP INDEX
    Worcester Tourism office: T. 023 342 6244, C. 076 200 8742 [email protected] www.worcestertourism.com 60 Fairbairn Street, Worcester TOURISMW O R C E S T E R History of Worcester HERITAGE WALKING ROUTE, MEMORIAL GARDEN, WORCESTER TOWN MAP, WORCESTER WINE & OLIVE ROUTE MAP INDEX The history of Worcester 01 Worcester Heritage Walking Route Map 02 Short history of the following buildings The Drostdy,Somerset street 03 Distillery Road: The Old Goal (Jail) 03 170 Church Street: The Barn 03 Wykeham 03 Church Street “At Last” 03 Sunday School Hall 03 Dutch Reformed Mother Church 03 Beck House 03 Avon Rust, 70 Church Street 03 68 Church Street 03 66 Church Street - Heritage Site 03 54 Church Street 04 52 Church Street - Tuishuis, Heritage site 04 42 Church Street - The Pines 04 28 Church Street - Heritage Site 1830 04 Church Square - Heritage Site 04 Church Square Buildings 04 Hugo Naude House & Jean Welz Gallery 04 Kleinplasie Homestead 04 Worcester Heritage Sites 04 Fanlights: windows above doors 05 Worcester Memorial Garden 06 - 07 Vintage Worcester 08 Worcester Town & Accommodation Map 09 Worcester Wine & Olive Route Map 10 Accommodation & Activities outside Worcester 11 Compiled and Published by Naomi Theron 2017, Worcester, Western Cape, South Africa The history of Worcester IN 1818 Lord Charles Somerset instructed J.H. at the time. The square in front of the Drostdy Fisher, magistrate of Tulbagh, to find a suitable provides the Drostdy with the necessary area for the establishment of a new magisterial approach which full appreciation of this seat. The area of present day Worcester impressive building demands.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on a Service Delivery Inspection of District
    REPORT ON A SERVICE DELIVERY INSPECTION OF DISTRICT HOSPITALS AND CLINICS REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF MEDICINES AND MEDICAL EQUIPMENT AND THE ROLE OF DISTRICT HEALTH OFFICES DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH: WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE APRIL 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................................ iv LIST OF ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................................... v 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1 2. OBJECTIVES OF THE INSPECTIONS ............................................................................................... 2 3. SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................... 3 3.1 Scope ........................................................................................................................................... 3 3.2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 3 4. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY ....................................................................................................... 4 5. KEY FINDINGS ON ANNOUNCED INSPECTIONS ........................................................................... 4 5.1 Contextual background ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]