Design for Additive Manufacturing of Composite Materials and Potential Alloys: a Review
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Ceramic Matrix Composites Taking Flight at GE Aviation Featuring
AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY bullemerginge ceramicstin & glass technology APRIL 2019 Ceramic matrix composites taking flight at GE Aviation Featuring: April 30 – May 1, 2019 Ceramic science in the skies: Electrification, EBCs, and PDCs | New Ohio partnership for technician training FIRING YOUR IMAGINATION FOR 100 YEARS Ads from the 1940’s and 1950’s www.harropusa.com ACerS Anniversary Ad 2.indd 1 2/13/19 3:44 PM contents April 2019 • Vol. 98 No.3 feature articles Ceramic matrix composites taking flight at 30 GE aviation The holy grail for jet engines is efficiency, and the improved high-temperature capability of CMC systems is giving General Electric a great advantage. department News & Trends . 4 by Jim Steibel Spotlight . 10 Ceramics in Energy . 19 cover story Research Briefs . 21 Nonoxide polymer-derived CMCs for 34 “super” turbines The melting point of single-crystal blades limits further columns advancement in operating temperature of gas turbines with metallic materials. Ceramics, which have much higher melt- All about aircraft . 29 ing points, hold the promise for future “super” turbines. Infographic by Lisa McDonald by Zhongkan Ren and Gurpreet Singh Deciphering the Discipline . 64 Ultra-high temperature oxidation of high entropy UHTCs Taking off: Advanced materials contribute by Lavina Backman 40 to the evolution of electrified aircraft Commercial electrified aircraft are expected to take off within the next decade—and advanced materials are play- ing an increasingly critical role in solving key technical challenges that will push the boundaries even higher. meetings 25th International Congress on by Ajay Misra Glass (ICG 2019) . 56 GFMAT-2/Bio-4 . -
All-Printed Smart Structures: a Viable Option? John O’Donnella, Farzad Ahmadkhanloub, Hwan-Sik Yoon*A, Gregory Washingtonb Adept
All-printed smart structures: a viable option? John O’Donnella, Farzad Ahmadkhanloub, Hwan-Sik Yoon*a, Gregory Washingtonb aDept. of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Box 870276, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA 35487-0276; bDept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA 92697-3975 ABSTRACT The last two decades have seen evolution of smart materials and structures technologies from theoretical concepts to physical realization in many engineering fields. These include smart sensors and actuators, active damping and vibration control, biomimetics, and structural health monitoring. Recently, additive manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing and printed electronics have received attention as methods to produce 3D objects or electronic components for prototyping or distributed manufacturing purposes. In this paper, the viability of manufacturing all-printed smart structures, with embedded sensors and actuators, will be investigated. To this end, the current 3D printing and printed electronics technologies will be reviewed first. Then, the plausibility of combining these two different additive manufacturing technologies to create all-printed smart structures will be discussed. Potential applications for this type of all-printed smart structures include most of the traditional smart structures where sensors and actuators are embedded or bonded to the structures to measure structural response and cause desired static and dynamic changes in the structure. Keywords: printed smart structures, 3D printing, printed electronics, printed strain sensor 1. INTRODUCTION Decades of research and development have seen the progression of a variety of different additive manufacturing processes [1]. From basic Fused Deposition modeling to the more intricate Energy Beam methods, the ability to print a diverse selection of structures, both complex and simple, on demand with accuracy and precision has become a reality. -
A Study on Ultrasonic Energy Assisted Metal Processing : Its Correeltion with Microstructure and Properties, and Its Application to Additive Manufacturing
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2019 A study on ultrasonic energy assisted metal processing : its correeltion with microstructure and properties, and its application to additive manufacturing. Anagh Deshpande University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Manufacturing Commons, Metallurgy Commons, and the Other Materials Science and Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Deshpande, Anagh, "A study on ultrasonic energy assisted metal processing : its correeltion with microstructure and properties, and its application to additive manufacturing." (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 3239. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/3239 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The nivU ersity of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The nivU ersity of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A STUDY ON ULTRASONIC ENERGY ASSISTED METAL PROCESSING: ITS CORRELTION WITH MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES, AND ITS APPLICATION TO ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING By Anagh Deshpande A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the J.B. Speed School of Engineering of the University of Louisville in Fulfillment -
The Current Landscape for Additive Manufacturing Research
THE CURRENT LANDSCAPE FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING RESEARCH A review to map the UK’s research activities in AM internationally and nationally 2016 ICL AMN report Dr. Jing Li Dr. Connor Myant Dr. Billy Wu Imperial College Additive Manufacturing Network Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. 1 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 4 2. What is additive manufacturing? .................................................................................... 5 2.1. Advantages of additive manufacturing ......................................................................... 5 2.2. Types of additive manufacturing technology and challenges ........................................ 6 2.3. The manufacturing production chain and challenges ................................................... 9 2.4. Conclusions ................................................................................................................12 3. Mapping the international additive manufacturing research landscape ......................... 13 3.1. Global market trend ....................................................................................................13 3.1.1. Growth in market value ........................................................................................13 3.1.2 Additive manufacturing growth in industrial markets.............................................14 -
Development of New Matrix and Interfacial Materials for Ceramic Matrix Composites Gavin C
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 8-26-2014 Development of New Matrix and Interfacial Materials for Ceramic Matrix Composites Gavin C. Richards University of Connecticut - Storrs, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Richards, Gavin C., "Development of New Matrix and Interfacial Materials for Ceramic Matrix Composites" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 522. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/522 Development of New Matrix and Interfacial Materials for Ceramic Matrix Composites Gavin C. Richards, PhD University of Connecticut, 2014 Pre-ceramic polymers are attractive, low cost materials for the manufacture of ceramic fibers and matrix materials in Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs). A new pre-ceramic polymer, an ethanol-modified polyvinylsilazane (PVSZ), was synthesized and characterized. The PVSZ polymer has been previously shown to be a viable precursor for silicon nitride and silicon carbide based ceramics, but lacked stability when exposed to air. The PVSZ polymer was synthesized via the ammonolysis of trichlorovinylsilazane in tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then reacted with ethanol to form the ethanol-modified PVSZ. The PVSZ polymer and ethanol- modified PVSZ resin were each characterized with Attenuated Total Reflectance spectroscopy (ATR), 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( 1H-NMR), and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Residual Gas Analysis (RGA), and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) of the ceramic char after pyrolysis in various atmospheres. A second new modified PVSZ was also synthesized. Rather than use ethanol, a second silane monomer was added during synthesis, with the intent of stabilizing the polymer without incorporating oxygen. The new end cap modified PVSZ (EC-PVSZ) was characterized using the same methods outlined for the ethanol-modified PVSZ. -
Metal Parts Using Additive Technologies
3/3/2017 Fundamentals of Additive Manufacturing for Aerospace Frank Medina, Ph.D. Technology Leader, Additive Manufacturing Director, Additive Manufacturing Consortium [email protected] 915-373-5047 Intent of This Talk Introduce the general methods for forming metal parts using additive manufacturing Give multiple examples of each type of method Compare and contrast the methods given Disclaimer: – This talk serves as an introduction to the various additive manufacturing technologies which work with metals. There are so many methods available we will not have time to discuss them all. – Once you determine the right approach for you, please investigate different machine manufacturers and service providers to determine the optimal solution for your needs. – I have tried to be objective in the presentation. Where I can I have given the affiliations for the materials used. If I’ve missed any I apologize in advance. About me and EWI I am a Technology Leader at EWI specializing in additive manufacturing (AM) with a focus on Metals AM. I have over 17 years of AM experience, collaborating with research scientists, engineers, and medical doctors to develop new equipment and devices. Non-profit applied manufacturing R&D company ─ Develops, commercializes, and implements leading-edge manufacturing technologies for innovative businesses Thought-leader in many cross-cutting technologies ─ >160,000 sq-ft in 3 facilities with full-scale test labs (expanding) ─ >$40 million in state of the art capital equipment (expanding) ─ >170 engineers, technicians, industry experts (expanding) 1 3/3/2017 Structural Gap between Research and Application Technology Maturity Scale Source: NIST AMNPO presentation Oct. 2012 EWI Applied R&D Bridges the Gap Between Research and Application EWI Applied R&D: Manufacturing Technology Innovation, Maturation, Commercialization, Insertion Technology Maturity Scale Source: NIST AMNPO presentation Oct. -
Carbon Fiber /Reaction-Bonded Carbide Matrix For
Carbon fiber /reaction-bonded carbide matrix for composite materials -Manufacture and characterization Jérôme Magnant, Laurence Maillé, René Pailler, Jean-Christophe Ichard, Alain Guette, Francis Rebillat, Eric Philippe To cite this version: Jérôme Magnant, Laurence Maillé, René Pailler, Jean-Christophe Ichard, Alain Guette, et al.. Carbon fiber /reaction-bonded carbide matrix for composite materials -Manufacture and charac- terization. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Elsevier, 2012, 32 (16), pp.4497 - 4505. 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2012.06.009. hal-01845172 HAL Id: hal-01845172 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01845172 Submitted on 20 Jul 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Carbon fiber /reaction-bonded carbide matrix for composite materials - Manufacture and characterization Jérôme Magnant1; Laurence Maillé1*; René Pailler1; Jean-Christophe Ichard1; Alain Guette1; Francis Rebillat1; Eric Philippe2 1 University of Bordeaux, Laboratory for Thermostructural Composites (LCTS), Pessac, France. 2 SAFRAN - Snecma Propulsion Solide, Le Haillan, France. ABSTRACT The processing of self-healing Ceramic Matrix Composites by a short time and low cost process was studied. This process is based on the deposition of fiber dual interphases by chemical vapor infiltration and on the densification of the matrix by reactive melt infiltration of silicon. -
Advanced Measurements of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Matrix Composites
INL/EXT-12-27032 Advanced Measurements of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Matrix Composites David Hurley Farhad Fazbod Zilong Hua Stephen Reese Marat Khafizov August 2012 The INL is a U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Battelle Energy Alliance DISCLAIMER This information was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the U.S. Government. Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness, of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. References herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trade mark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the U.S. Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government or any agency thereof. INL/EXT-12-27032 Advanced Measurements of Silicon Carbide Ceramic Matrix Composites David Hurley Farhad Farzbod Zilong Hua Stephen Reese Marat Khafizov August, 2012 Idaho National Laboratory Materials Science and Engineering Department Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415 http://www.inl.gov Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517 ii iii ABSTRACT Silicon carbide (SiC) is being considered as a fuel cladding material for accident tolerant fuel under the Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program sponsored by the Nuclear Energy Division of the Department of Energy. -
Ceramic Matrix Composites Containing Carbon Nanotubes
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repository Ceramic matrix composites containing carbon nanotubes Johann Cho1,2, Aldo R Boccaccini1*, Milo SP Shaffer2* 1 Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BP, U.K. 2 Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K. *Contact authors: A. R. Boccaccini ([email protected]), M. S. P. Shaffer ([email protected]) Abstract Due to the remarkable physical and mechanical properties of individual, perfect carbon nanotubes (CNTs), they are considered to be one of the most promising new reinforcements for structural composites. Their impressive electrical and thermal properties also suggest opportunities for multifunctional applications. In the context of inorganic matrix composites, researchers have particularly focussed on CNTs as toughening elements to overcome the intrinsic brittleness of the ceramic or glass material. Although there are now a number of studies published in the literature, these inorganic systems have received much less attention than CNT/polymer matrix composites. This paper reviews the current status of the research and development of CNT-loaded ceramic matrix composite materials. It includes a summary of the key issues related to the optimisation of CNT-based composites, with particular reference to brittle matrices and provides an overview of the processing techniques developed to 1 optimise dispersion quality, interfaces and density. The properties of the various composite systems are discussed, with an emphasis on toughness; a comprehensive comparative summary is provided, together with a discussion of the possible toughening mechanism that may operate. -
Additive Manufacturing: Analysis of the Economic Context and Evaluation of the Indoor Air Quality, with a Total Quality Management Approach
DIPARTIMENTO DI ECONOMIA, SOCIETÀ, POLITICA CORSO DI DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN Economia, Società, Diritto CURRICULUM Economia e Management CICLO XXXI Additive Manufacturing: analysis of the economic context and evaluation of the indoor air quality, with a Total Quality Management approach SETTORE SCIENTIFICO DISCIPLINARE: SECS-P/13-SCIENZE MERCEOLOGICHE RELATORE DOTTORANDA Chiar.ma Prof.ssa Federica Murmura Dott.ssa Laura Bravi CO TUTOR Ing. Francesco Balducci Anno Accademico 2017/2018 Summary INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING: IS IT THE FUTURE? ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing ...................................................................... 10 1.2 The road towards Additive Manufacturing ................................................................... 13 1.2.1 Prehistory of AM .................................................................................................... 14 1.2.2 First attempts to modern AM ................................................................................. 16 1.2.3 The RepRap project ................................................................................................ 19 1.2.4 The Fab@Home project ......................................................................................... 23 1.3 AM today: 3D printing in the digitalization of manufacturing ..................................... 24 1.3.1 The main Additive Manufacturing -
3D Printing As an Alternative Manufacturing Method for the MicroGas Turbine Heat Exchanger
3D Printing as an Alternative Manufacturing Method for the Microgas Turbine Heat Exchanger Wolfgang Seiya and Sherry Zhang July 2015 Department of Energy Technology Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden Pratt School of Engineering, Smarthome Program Duke University Durham, North Carolina, USA 1 Acknowledgements We would like to thank InnoEnergy, Compower, and the ‘‘STandUP for Energy’’ project for providing resourceful background information for this study. We owe our deepest gratitude to our advisor, Anders Malmquist for his continuous support for this study throughout the summer. His guidance, motivation, and expertise were invaluable assets in all areas of the study. Our sincere thanks goes to Joachim Claesson at KTH for his time and knowledge on the subject of heat exchangers. We take this opportunity to thank all the company correspondents that took their time and interest to help us with the vast information needed for this study. Lastly, we are immensely grateful to Duke Smart Home Program and its director Jim Gaston for providing us with the opportunity and necessary funds to live in Sweden while conducting this study. 2 I. Table of Contents List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………….… 6 List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………………….. 7 Abbreviations and Equation Nomenclature ………………………………………………… 8 Abstract …………………………………………………………………………………...… 9 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………. 9 Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………….. 10 Materials ……………………………………………………………………………….. 10 Manufacturing …………………………………………………………………………. -
History of Additive Manufacturing
Wohlers Report 2014 History of Additive Manufacturing History of additive This 34‐page document is a part of Wohlers Report 2014 and was created for its readers. The document chronicles the history of additive manufacturing manufacturing (AM) and 3D printing, beginning with the initial by Terry Wohlers and Tim Gornet commercialization of stereolithography in 1987 to May 2013. Developments from May 2013 through April 2014 are available in the complete 276‐page version of the report. An analysis of AM, from the earliest inventions in the 1960s to the 1990s, is included in the final several pages of this document. Additive manufacturing first emerged in 1987 with stereolithography (SL) from 3D Systems, a process that solidifies thin layers of ultraviolet (UV) light‐sensitive liquid polymer using a laser. The SLA‐1, the first commercially available AM system in the world, was the precursor of the once popular SLA 250 machine. (SLA stands for StereoLithography Apparatus.) The Viper SLA product from 3D Systems replaced the SLA 250 many years ago. In 1988, 3D Systems and Ciba‐Geigy partnered in SL materials development and commercialized the first‐generation acrylate resins. DuPont’s Somos stereolithography machine and materials were developed the same year. Loctite also entered the SL resin business in the late 1980s, but remained in the industry only until 1993. After 3D Systems commercialized SL in the U.S., Japan’s NTT Data CMET and Sony/D‐MEC commercialized versions of stereolithography in 1988 and 1989, respectively. NTT Data CMET (now a part of Teijin Seiki, a subsidiary of Nabtesco) called its system Solid Object Ultraviolet Plotter (SOUP), while Sony/D‐MEC (now D‐MEC) called its product Solid Creation System (SCS).