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ABSTRACTS: LECTURES and POSTERS 17th Conference of the International Work Group for Palaeoethnobotany Paris, France Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Jardin des Plantes July 4-9, 2016 Organising committee Charlène Bouchaud, Vladimir Dabrowski, Brigitte David, Alexia Decaix, Marie Derreumaux, Carolyne Douché, Müge Ergun, Anne-Cécile Haussonne, Michel Lemoine, Myriam Meziou, Andréa Parès, Bénédicte Pradat, Jérôme Ros, Marie-Pierre Ruas, Aurélie Salavert, Margareta Tengberg, Françoise Toulemonde, Véronique Zech Matterne IWGP committee Monika Badura, Felix Bittmann, Amy Bogaard, Otto Brinkkemper, Ramon Buxo, Dorian Fuller, Peter H. Mikkelsen, Naomi Miller, Klaus Oeggl, Leonor Peña-Choccaro, Anaya Sarpaki, Margareta Tengberg, Ehud Weiss ABSTRACTS: LECTURES and POSTERS LIST OF PARTICIPANTS A B S T ABSTRACTS LECTURES R Resum´ es´ des communications A C T S The food-producing economy in earliest This offered the rare opportunity to study the vegetation of Shomutepe-Shulaveri culture, western Azerbaijan a small spot of land preserved in situ. Even subterranean or- L gans had survived like the root nodules of Fabaceae. Grassland E L’economie´ de subsistance durant la phase precoce´ de la species are dominating the pollen and macrofossil spectra. Of C culture Shomutepe-Shulaveri, Azerba¨ıdjan occidental the nine species of Poaceae, Cynosurus cristatus and Bromus T hordeaceus were most frequent. Entire capitula of dande- U Chie Akashi1, Yoshihiro Nishiaki1, Farhad Guiliev2, lion (Taraxacum officinale) in fruit indicate that the landslide R Kenichi Tanno3 must have happened in late spring or early summer. Further E frequent plant species were Centaurea jacea, Crepis biennis, S 1 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo – Japan Heracleum sphondylium, Leucanthemum vulgare, Picris hi- 2 Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology – Azerbaijan eracioides, Plantago lanceolata, Potentilla reptans, Ranuncu- 3 Yamaguchi University – Japan lus spec., Rhinanthus alectorolophus, Trifolium pratense and T. reptans. The species composition and the presence of spores of coprophilous fungi show that this spot was pasture land The Neolithic era of the southern Caucasus has, in terms rather than a hayfield. Grazing animals favoured the spread of archaeology, been one of the least studied areas. How- of juniper (Juniperus communis). The soil was rather moist ever, recent international projects in the Araxes and Middle and lightly manured. Pollen of fruit-bearing trees indicate the Kura Valleys provided important new data and enabled the re- presence of orchards in the vicinity. Pollen analysis shows that searchers to discuss the chronology, cultural change and sub- the slopes of the surrounding mountains were deforested. This sistence economy of the period in greater detail. was probably the cause of the landslide. The Azeri–Japanese joint mission has been conducting exca- vations in western Azerbaijan since 2008. The first target was Keywords: Middle Ages, Switzerland, Grassland, Palaeobiocoenosis a large Shomutepe-Shulaveri site, Goytepe (mid-6th millen- nium B.C.). Shomutepe-Shulaveri culture is the oldest agricul- tural society known in the southern Caucasus. In 2012, we also Crop production and consumption in coastal Languedoc started excavation in a neighbouring site called Haci Elamx- in the 3rd century BC: new data from Le Cailar (Gard), anli Tepe. This site produced older radiocarbon dates (early Lattara (Herault)´ and Pech Maho (Aude) 6th millennium B.C.) than Goytepe and showed evidence of agriculture. In fact, this is one of the oldest series of dates for Culture et consommation sur le littoral du Languedoc au 3e domestic plants in the Middle Kura at present. s. BC : nouvelles donnees´ des sites de Le Cailar (Gard), We present here the results of preliminary analyses performed Lattara (Herault)´ et Pech Maho (Aude) for plant macro-remains excavated in Haci Elamxanli Tepe 1 2 and discuss the choice of crop plants, use of wild plants and Natalia` Alonso ,Nuria´ Rovira utilization of cereal by-products. The interesting differences 1 between Haci Elamxanli Tepe and Goytepe provided clues to Universitat de Lleida – Spain 2 reconstruct the establishment of agriculture in the southern ASM – Universite´ Paul Valery´ - Montpellier III, CNRS : UMR5140 – France Caucasus. Since the last 15 years archaeobotanical research in south- Keywords: Azerbaijan, Neolithic, Shomutepe, Shulaveri, Haci ern France, especially in Languedoc coastal areas, is well de- Elamxanli Tepe, Goytepe veloped and concerns several major sites to understand not only the role of local crop productions but also exchanges with many Mediterranean societies. As regards to the Iron Age pe- The meadow of Onoldswil (Switzerland) in the summer of riod, recent excavations and works (for instance, at Lattara) AD 1295 - an example of a palaeobiocoenosis have provided new information to the knowledge of the agri- R La prairie d’Onoldswil (Suisse) a` l’et´ e´ 1295 ap. J.-C. - un cultural systems and plant consumption practices of the 5th e´ exemple de paleobioc´ enose´ and 4th centuries BC. They highlight a well-structured crop s production based on cereals (mostly barley, naked wheats and u emmer) and pulses together with an increasing development Orni¨ Akeret1, Marlu Kuhn¨ 1, Lucia Wick1 m of fruit growing. During the 3rd century one can observe the e´ appearance of changes mainly in crop productions and plant 1 s University of Basel – Switzerland consumption. The main aim of this presentation is so to discuss about this C In the early summer of the year AD 1295 a landslide de- transition period focusing on both economic aspects through o stroyed the former village of Onoldswil in the Swiss Jura the comparison of the early Iron Age basis (5th-4th c. BC) m montains. During construction work in 2014 a small area to the new agricultural and alimentary strategies adopted from m of the former land surface was unearthed. Five metres of the 3rd century BC onwards. For instance we can observe u compact clay had caused the complete lack of oxygene, and the gradual disappearance of emmer (Triticum dicoccum) in n the excavators came upon mosses and leaves of grasses and favour of naked wheat (Triticum aestivum/durum/turgidum), i other plants that were still green. Samples were taken for as well as an increasing development of local fruit growing (in c plant macro- and microfossil and geoarchaeological analysis. particular viticulture). a t i 1 o n s A B S T R For this, we present here new archaeobotanical data (based on parts, Health A seed and fruits analysis) concerning three archaeological sites C (Le Cailar, Lattara and Pech Maho) sharing many environmen- tal, economical and cultural characteristics: for instance, their Village people. Spatial approach to crops and gathered T plants at a late Neolithic occupation phase of the S location in a fluvial-lagoon environment (opened to the sea and the hinterland), and continuous occupation levels from at least Lakeshore site Parkhaus Opera in Lake Zurich¨ (Switzerland) L the first Iron Age (6thor 5th centuries BC) until the end of the second Iron Age (1st century BC) with a significant presence E Village people. Approche spatiale des plantes cultivees´ et of different elements of Mediterranean origin (Greek, Etruscan C cueillies associees´ a` la phase d’occupation du Neolithique´ and Iberian) within a strongly indigenous community. T final du site palafitte de Parkhaus Opera sur le Lac de Zurich¨ U Keywords: Seed and fruit remains, Iron Age, Southern France, Agri- (Suisse) R culture, Consumption E Ferran Antol´ın1, Christoph Brombacher1, Marlu Kuhn¨ 1, S Bigna L. Steiner1, Neils Bleicher2, Stefanie Jacomet1 Wild West Frisia: elucidating the collection of wild plants for different edible plant parts in Bronze Age subsistence 1 Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS), Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel – Switzerland La province de Frise ou ”l’Ouest sauvage” : documenter la 2 Centre for Underwater Archaeology and Dendrochronology, Office for Ur- collecte des plantes sauvages comestibles, dont differents´ banism, Zurich¨ – Switzerland organes sont prelev´ es,´ pour agrementer´ le menu des populations de l’ageˆ du Bronze Lakeshore settlements in central Europe have produced some of the richest and most-accurately-dated botanical assem- Y.F. van Amerongen1 blages available for the Neolithic period in the continent thanks to optimal preservation conditions and the availabil- 1 Leiden University/EARTH Integrated Archaeology – The Netherlands ity of dendrochronology. Our knowledge of the evolution of plant economy in the region is consequently quite consistent. Mixed farming in the Dutch Bronze Age is considered to Nevertheless, large-scale sampling of Neolithic lacustrine sites form the major part of the subsistence economy, providing with waterlogged preservation is still rare, especially with a people with adequate amounts of produced domestic animal systematic investigation of large-volume samples (3-5 litres and plant food. Wild plant exploitation is deemed unnecessary of sediment), which are necessary for a representative evalua- during this period, because people can now fully rely on their tion of large-seeded plants. Over 250 samples of large volume own production potential, resulting in the phenomenon that and over 120 samples of small volume, covering an area of ”man starts living with his back towards nature”. However, ca. 3,000 m2, were analysed from a late Neolithic settlement the combined information obtained from ethnographical, eth- phase (dendrodated
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