Representative Alcon Receives Bronze Star
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The New Mexico Volunteers
THE NEW MEXICO VOLUNTEERS In the American Civil War 1861-1862 By David Poulin Index Introduction page 2 Chapter One – Texan Invasions page 5 Chapter Two – The Stage page 21 Chapter Three – The First Regiment page 42 Chapter Four – Recruitment Continues page 64 Chapter Five – Five Percent! page 88 Chapter Six – The Battle of Valverde page 113 Appendix – Unit Listings page 136 Index – List of Biographical Sketches page 143 Cover drawing by _________. _______ depicts the First New Mexico guarding the left flank of the army on the morning of the Battle of Valverde. They are observing the progress of the battle from their position. Colonel Kit Carson is standing in front with Captain Louis Felsenthal on the left. 2 INTRODUCTION It’s possible that history students and Civil War buffs will not understand the American Civil War in New Mexico if they are not familiar with New Mexico itself - it’s history and cultural heritage, in short – what kind of people lived here. If we read only the popular histories available on the Civil War period we get the impression that the New Mexicans had never volunteered for military duty before….that they were untrustworthy, untried, and their very enlistment was a great experiment of sorts, almost amounting to the controversial use of black troops in the eastern states. This is not quite how it was. We cannot look at the situation in the southwest with the same political, religious and cultural points of view that existed in the ‘mainstream’ United States. People here did not have any real experience with the issues of Negro slavery, State’s Rights, and economics as they existed east of the Mississippi. -
Two New Mexican Lives Through the Nineteenth Century
Hannigan 1 “Overrun All This Country…” Two New Mexican Lives Through the Nineteenth Century “José Francisco Chavez.” Library of Congress website, “General Nicolás Pino.” Photograph published in Ralph Emerson Twitchell, The History of the Military July 15 2010, https://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/congress/chaves.html Occupation of the Territory of New Mexico, 1909. accessed March 16, 2018. Isabel Hannigan Candidate for Honors in History at Oberlin College Advisor: Professor Tamika Nunley April 20, 2018 Hannigan 2 Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 2 I. “A populace of soldiers”, 1819 - 1848. ............................................................................................... 10 II. “May the old laws remain in force”, 1848-1860. ............................................................................... 22 III. “[New Mexico] desires to be left alone,” 1860-1862. ...................................................................... 31 IV. “Fighting with the ancient enemy,” 1862-1865. ............................................................................... 53 V. “The utmost efforts…[to] stamp me as anti-American,” 1865 - 1904. ............................................. 59 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................. 72 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................ -
Lincoln's New Mexico Patronage: Saving the Far Southwest for the Union
New Mexico Historical Review Volume 75 Number 4 Article 3 10-1-2000 Lincoln's New Mexico Patronage: Saving the Far Southwest for the Union Deren Earl Kellogg Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Kellogg, Deren Earl. "Lincoln's New Mexico Patronage: Saving the Far Southwest for the Union." New Mexico Historical Review 75, 4 (2000). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol75/iss4/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. President Abraham Lincoln, ca. 1861. (Photograph by Matthew Brady, neg. no. 0-60, courtesy The Lincoln Museum, Ft. Wayne, Ind.) Lincoln's New Mexico Patronage: Saving the Far Southwest for the Union DEREN EARL KELLOGG New Mexico Territory receives scant mention in connection with the administration of President Abraham Lincoln. Historians have generally concluded that Lincoln and other federal officials attached no great value to the territory and mostly neglected it. It is true that Lincoln could devote little attention to the administration of the western territories during the Civil War, which threatened the very future ofthe country. However, evi I, dence suggests that Lincoln did care about saving New Mexico:for the Union and should be given some credit for achieving this goal. Aithough Lincoln's western patronage record was generally undistinguished, his appointments to the New Mexico Territory were popular men who had' experience in the Southwest and who often did not identify themselves with the Republican Party. -
The Confederate Territory of Arizona, from Official Sources
New Mexico Historical Review Volume 17 Number 2 Article 4 4-1-1942 The Confederate Territory of Arizona, from Official Sources F. S. Donnell Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Donnell, F. S.. "The Confederate Territory of Arizona, from Official Sources." New Mexico Historical Review 17, 2 (). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol17/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. THE CONFEDERATE TERRITORY OF ARIZONA, AS COMPILED FROM OFFICIAL SOURCES, By F. S. DONNELL HE TERRITORY of New Mexico was formed under an act T · of congress passed September 9th, 1850, and included· in its boundaries part of the lands transferred by Mexico to the United States after the Mexican War and part of the territory ceded by Texas in 1850. Its northern boundary was described as running west from the 103rd degree of longitude and the 38th degree of latitude to the summit of the Sierra Madre, thence south with the crest of said mountains to the 37th parallel, thence west to the boundary line of California. Its southern boundary followeg the boundary line of the Republic of Mexico east to the Rio Grande, thence along the 32nd parallel to the 103rd degree of longitude. This territory was enlarged on August 4th, 1854, by ' the addition of the Gadsden purchase; and it was reduced by the formation .of Colorado Territory in 1861, which took away all lands north of the 37th parallel, and of Arizona Territory in 1863 which took all west of the 109th degree r \ of longitude, leaving the boundaries as they exist today. -
Fort Union and the Santa Fe Trail
New Mexico Historical Review Volume 36 Number 1 Article 3 1-1-1961 Fort Union and the Santa Fe Trail Robert M. Utley Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Utley, Robert M.. "Fort Union and the Santa Fe Trail." New Mexico Historical Review 36, 1 (1961). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol36/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. FORT UNION AND THE SANTA FE TRAIL By ROBERT M. UTLEY * OR over half a century a wide band of wagon ruts joined FNew Mexico, first as a Mexican province, later as Ameri can territory, to the Missouri frontier and the States. Be tween the American conquest in 1846 and the coming of the railroad in the decade of the seventies, the Santa Fe Trail was a momentous avenue of commerce, transportation, and communication. In Kansas the Trail divided, to enter New Mexico by two routes. The Cimarron Cutoff, shortest but most dangerous fork, turned southwest from the Arkansas River and followed the dry course of the Cimarron River into the Oklahoma pan handle, reaching New Mexico near present Clayton..The Mountain Branch, 100 miles longer and with the treacherous barrier of Raton Pass, kept to the north bank of the Arkansas, turned southwest along the base of the Rockies, and dropped into New Mexico at Raton Pass. -
Military Establishments in Southwestern New Mexico: Stepping Stones to Settlement
New Mexico Historical Review Volume 43 Number 1 Article 2 1-1-1968 Military Establishments in Southwestern New Mexico: Stepping Stones to Settlement Lee Myers Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Myers, Lee. "Military Establishments in Southwestern New Mexico: Stepping Stones to Settlement." New Mexico Historical Review 43, 1 (1968). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol43/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. 5 MILITARY ESTABLISHMENTS IN SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO: STEPPING STONES TO SETTLEMENT LEE MYERS sOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO was unequivocally Apache coun try. The plateaus, rolling hills, and mountains surrounded by the fertile valleys of the Mimbres and Gila Rivers were ranged by one of the most prominent branches of the Apache, the Mimbrefio. Smaller bands often received names from their geographical loca tions: Warm Springs, Copper Mine, Coyotero or Gila Apache. To the north and west were their cousins, the Mogollon, Pinal, and TontoApache.1 With the end ofthe Mexican War life in the Southwest and California began to change from the easygoing Mexican way. to the avaricious, restless, dog-eat-dog Yankee mode. Following hard on the heels of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in I 848, the frantic rush of gold hunters to California began. Southern im migrants to the land of promise immediately. hit the trail west ward through New Mexico and Arizona, often following routes pioneered by Kearny and Cooke on the march to the conquest of California. -
TITLE: Arizona Historical Foundation Postcard Collection
TITLE: Arizona Historical Foundation Microfilm Collection DATE RANGE: 1812 – 1980 (bulk 1870-1910) CALL NUMBER: FF FMF 1 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 870 reels PROVENANCE: Collection of microfilm from multiple sources. Donated to the Arizona Historical Society in 2012 by the Arizona Historical Foundation. COPYRIGHT: AHF does not own the copyright to materials contained on the microfilm. RESTRICTIONS: This collection has no restrictions. CREDIT LINE: AHF Microfilm Collection, FMF 1, Arizona Historical Society – Papago Park PROCESSED BY: Cory Williams and Susan Irwin, December 2008 SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE The microfilm was collected from various sources over many years. The content reflects the research, publication, exhibitions, and special project interests of former AHF directors. About a third of the reels were collected by Dr. Benjamin Sacks when he was creating the Sacks Collection of the American West, 1830-1912, a collection of citations on Territorial Arizona. (www.ahfweb.org/collections_sacks.html) The collection is divided into four series: Series I: Newspapers; Series II: Government Documents; Series III: Personal Papers; Series IV: Other CONTAINER LIST: Series I: Newspapers The newspapers are arranged alphabetically, first by state or country location and then by the title of the newspaper. More than one newspaper may appear on a reel. In this case, it is arranged by the first title listed. The date ranges are approximate and some may be incomplete. When known, title changes are noted. Reel Description City Date 1 Arizona: Alta Arizona (May 5-June 6, 1883) Walapai Kingman May 1883- Tribune (January 30-Dec. 16, 1886); Our Mineral May 1895 Wealth (August 4, 1893-May 31, 1895) 2 Arizona: Apache Chief St. -
NEW MEXICO HISTORIC PRESERVATION: a Plan for the Year 2001
NEW MEXICO HISTORIC PRESERVATION: A Plan for the Year 2001 La Capilla de Estaca. A gathering of residents and friends viewing historic photographs as part of the writing of the historic context and State Register nomination for the Capilla. Prepared by The New Mexico State Historic Preservation Division Office of Cultural Affairs 228 East Palace Avenue Santa Fe, NM 87501 Phone: (505) 827-6320 Fax: 505-827-6338 1998 New Mexico Historic Preservation: A Plan for the Year 2001 1 New Mexico Historic Preservation: A Plan for the Year 2001 2 Acknowledgments New Mexico Historic Preservation Division (State Historic Preservation Office) The planning process that resulted in this plan has included the participation of so many people it is The Cultural Properties Review Committee and the State Historic Preservation Office staff have been indispensable impossible to acknowledge you all. We are particularly indebted to those of you who expressed your in their contribution of ideas, help and participation in the forum and surveys, and preparation of materials and ideas about historic preservation in the public participation portions of the plan-in the forum (100 critiques of the draft version of this plan. The staff will be responsible for the coordination of the next state plan and, attendees) and the survey (624 respondents). We also appreciate your participation in the review and in part, for the implementation of this plan. The staff welcomes comments and inquiries from the public regarding this plan, as well as specific historic preservation issues in New Mexico. comment of the first draft of this plan. Officer of Cultural Affairs - J.Edson Way, Ph.D. -
Kit Carson's Last Fight: the Adobe Walls Campaign of 1864 David A
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository History ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations Spring 4-12-2017 Kit Carson's Last Fight: The Adobe Walls Campaign of 1864 David A. Pafford University of New Mexico Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hist_etds Part of the Military History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Pafford, David A.. "Kit Carson's Last Fight: The Adobe Walls Campaign of 1864." (2017). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ hist_etds/165 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in History ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. David A. Pafford Candidate History Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Dr. Paul A. Hutton, Chairperson Dr. L. Durwood Ball Dr. Margaret Connell-Szasz Dr. Jerry D. Thompson i KIT CARSON’S LAST FIGHT: THE ADOBE WALLS CAMPAIGN OF 1864 by Name: DAVID A. PAFFORD B.S., History, Eastern Oregon State College, 1994 M.A., Christian Ministry, Abilene Christian University, 2006 M.A., History, University of New Mexico, 2010 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy History The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico May 2017 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing a book, especially a first book, requires a LOT of assistance – so much so that any list of incurred debts while composing it must be incomplete. -
TERRITORIAL NEW MEXICO GENERAL STEPHEN H. KEARNY at the Outbreak of the Mexican War General Stephen H
TERRITORIAL NEW MEXICO GENERAL STEPHEN H. KEARNY At the outbreak of the Mexican War General Stephen H. Kearny was made commander of the Army of the West by President Polk and ordered to lead a 1700 man expeditionary force from Fort Leavenworth, Kansas to occupy New Mexico and California. He quickly accomplished the bloodless conquest of New Mexico on 19 August 1846, ending the brief period of Mexican control over the territory. After spending a little more than a month in Santa Fe as military governor with headquarters in Santa Fe, Kearny decided to continue on to California after ensuring that a civilian government was in place. Early the following year in Kearny's absence New Mexicans mounted their only challenge to American control. In January, 1847, Kearny's appointed Governor, Thomas H. Benton and six others were murdered in Taos. Colonel Sterling Price moved immediately to quash the insurrection. Price led a modest force of 353 men along with four howitzers out of Albuquerque, adding to the size of his force as he marched north up the Rio Grande by absorbing smaller American units into his command. After a series of small engagements, reaching Taos Pueblo on 3 February Price found the insurgents dug in. Over the next two days Price's force shelled the town and surrounded it in an attempt to force surrender. When American artillery finally breached the walls of the, the battle quickly turned into a running fight with American forces chasing down their opponents who attempted to find shelter in the mountains. In all, perhaps as many as one hundred guerillas were killed, while Price suffered the loss of seven men killed and forty-five wounded. -
1861-1865 by Virginia Marston Hastings a Thesis Submitted to The
A history of Arizona during the Civil War, 1861-1865 Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Hastings, Virginia Marston Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 07/10/2021 17:51:01 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/551115 A HISTORY OF ARIZONA DURING THE CIVIL V'AR 1861-1865 by Virginia Marston Hastings A Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Graduate College University of Arizona 1 9 4 3 Approved: 6" Date .. .riVTO -rvil^iu ':0 Y: YO" y•» • rti .1 u3H n c■1 a-iiX r. rniV r-1 Y or'v *>0 Y;n-iv uJ OOY t.Y i ;i?:; vvril ‘Lo "ro •tr-orui'.ii'.rl:;'; iaUiT/--;; ,v: ‘If- iY' :.-;i: '.o': ; lo yov ■: ^;',0.L '0 .'.V v.'lY I*:.: \ ;'L-;i/?vhvJ C ' E •• v r. •< -V \ ••• N-V : : . V • V j (• : ^ 9 7 9 / ; s TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page INTRODUCTION................................ i I. CONDITIONS IN ARIZONA BEFORE THE CIVIL TAR, FROM THE GADSDEN PURCHASE, 1854 TO 1861 1 The Gadsden Purchase 1853-1854.•.Terms of the Treaty...Significance of the Treaty...Arizona, 1854-1861....Explor ations ...Roads...Military Developments. ..Settlements...Early efforts at Government II. -
Atlas of Historic NM Maps Online at Atlas.Nmhum.Org
U.S. Topo Bureau: Old Territory and Military Department of New Mexico 1867 11 10 5 6 9 2 12 13 17 4 3 7 15 16 14 1 8 Library of Congress Geography and Map Division - Terms of Use 1: Fort Fillmore 1855 1855 James Bennett was in the White Mountains when Apaches killed his commander, Captain Henry Stanton, and the survivors had to bear his remains back to his wife. Quote: (1855) Feb 2. No mistake about it, we are living on a light diet. Killed our last beef; flour is gone; we have no shoes. It is hard fare. We have decided to call this Camp Starvation. Feb 4. Have been subsisting on horse and mule flesh. No provision came, so started on yesterday. Travelled until 10 o'clock at night, driving our wornout animals. We burned a great number of our saddles, not being able to carry them. ... Feb 8. Crossed the [Manzano] mountains barefoot over sharp rocks and ice. There is nothing to ride. Crossed the Rio Grande and came into Las Lunas, where we are all glad to be once more in our quarters, cleaning up and getting new clothing. Feb 10. Started with the remains of Captain Stanton to go to Fort Fillmore. Feb 15. Yesterday crossed the Jornada del Muerto (Journey of the Dead). This is a sandy place where no water is to be had. It is 90 miles in length and is noted for murders and massacres by the Indians.... Feb 16. Fort Fillmore, established 1853, is occupied by Company B, 1st Dragoons; Companies C, K, and H, 3rd Infantry.