DOCSLIB.ORG

Afterword: Social Justice in Iran: Further Research

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Afterword: Social Justice in Iran: Further Research AFTeRWORD: SOCIAL JUSTICe IN IRAN: FURTHeR ReSeARCH This book offers possibly the first collection dedicated to social justice studies in Iran. It is hoped that the multi- and interdisciplinary contribu- tions in this book, written by scholars and activists from wide-ranging aca- demic and nonacademic backgrounds, set the stage for the much-needed, future research on the subject. Understandably, this volume cannot possi- bly address the complexities of the multiple issues pertaining to social jus- tice, including gender justice, justice for workers, vulnerable, the socially and economically disenfranchised, ethnic, religious, and sexual minorities, as well as ecological justice. This project therefore invites further research on the topic of the Iranians’ struggles for social justice since Iran’s entry into political modernity around the turn of the nineteenth to the twen- tieth century. As such, future research can be accommodated within four tentative and nonexclusive thematic–conceptual categories. POLITICAL ECONOMY AND ECONOMIC JUSTICe Understanding the economic, policy, and legal factors that enable or deny social and economic justice is key to understanding this phenomenon. It is through the implementation of state policies that ideology and power are exercised, negotiated, or forced, causing measurable impact on the peo- ple’s lives. Iran’s reliance on oil revenue is of particular interest in that such a national resource tends to yield an unresponsive state and ties a country to the world market. The resource revenue can either be monopolized by the ruling class or be distributed in the form of social programs among the © The Author(s) 2017 307 P. Vahabzadeh (ed.), Iran’s Struggles for Social Justice, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-44227-3 308 AFTERWORD: SOCIAL JUSTICE IN IRAN: FURTHER RESEARCH population, just as it can be utilized for either the ­developmental projects that benefit a capitalist class or a development that increases the human development index and collective growth of a nation. HISTORY AND POLITICS Struggles for social justice have been constant in modern Iranian history, despite serious, often belligerent, setbacks and repressions imposed on Iranians. For over a century, social justice and social democracy have been integral components of political modernity and the process of democ- ratization. Notwithstanding its errors, failures, and dogmas, the Iranian Left—in its diverse shades, tendencies, organizational shapes, and ideolog- ical inclinations (Marxist-oriented, social democratic, or Shi‘i)—has cham- pioned the cause of the working class, the poor, the vulnerable, and ethnic minorities. Both history and politics of social justice and social democracy constitute key research areas, in particular because such research reveals the present and anticipates the future tendencies in the people’s struggles for a better future. The connection between democratic struggles and social justice rests with these unfolding tendencies and in relation to the repressive policies of the Iranian state. SUBjeCTIVITY, AGeNCY, JUSTICe The construction of subjectivity lies at the heart of any struggle. In our context, subjectivity is always split between hegemonic and counter-­ hegemonic constructs. Social justice agency arises from subjectivity and stands between the culturally, socially, and politically constructed sub- jectivities, on the one hand, and the issues, exigencies, and movements that challenge the status quo and thus contest such constructed subjec- tivities, on the other. The multiplicity of subject positions allows for the emergence of new agents: women, workers, students, religious, ethnic, sexual, or linguistic minorities, as well as the advocates for the poor, dis- abled, ecology, and animals. These movements are deployed by shared, and changing, concept(s) of justice. Individual and collective initiatives and creative responses bring together subjectivity, agency, and justice. It is the shared and growing concept of justice—advocated by agents and propagated through collective action and advocacy literature—that turns commonly shared and received social, cultural, or political practices into sites of antagonism and contestation. AFTERWORD: SOCIAL JUSTICE IN IRAN: FURTHER RESEARCH 309 SOCIAL MOVeMeNTS AND COLLeCTIVe ACTION The arch manifestation of struggles for social justice and participatory democracy is collective actions of those who emerge in the public sphere as agents of change and justice. Collective action represents the embodied notions of justice posed against the perceived injustices as these are articu- lated by agents of a cause and social movement activists. The study of social movements is therefore important in that social movements reveal the sites of present and future antagonisms, changing values and sensibili- ties, and common conception of the good. These four categories are by no means exclusive. They are meant to provide guidelines for future study. As Iran rapidly moves toward neolib- eral economic policies that impede socialized human growth for the pur- pose of privatized production of goods and capital; as the country imperils its working people, abandons its vulnerable, and pushes its ecology into irrecoverable destruction; and as state policies undermine the dignity of women, workers, minorities, and defenders of social justice and human rights, attending to the issues of social justice and opening a new scholarly and public discourse to study it prove to be imperative. INDEX NUMBERS & SYMBOLS Abrandi, Mohammad-Ali, 229, 232 16 Azar (Iranian National Student Achaemenidan dynasty, 111, 114 Day), 246, 250 activists, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 20–2, 24, 25, 18 Tir (student uprising), 248 40, 41, 56, 67, 76, 93, 147, 154, 1953 coup d’état, 240 160, 166, 167, 177, 178n5, 1980s, 5, 10, 19, 30, 36, 60, 65, 72, 181–6, 191–3, 200, 219, 220, 75, 76, 77n1, 92, 111, 146, 147, 222–30, 232, 242, 247, 251, 152–5, 159, 165–167, 169, 256, 276, 292, 296, 297, 299, 178n4, 204, 246, 256, 265, 296, 300, 307, 309. See also social 297 movements 1988, 4, 9, 20, 48, 86, 97n2, 147–55, victims, 5, 230, 232 159, 165, 167, 169, 171, 172, adalat-e ejtema’i (social justice), 257 215, 295. See also Iran-Iraq war; ‘adl (justice), 14, 128 political prisoners agency, 3, 5, 6, 16, 18, 22, 35, 37, 68, 117, 152, 153, 155–7, 187–9, 199–216, 243, 308 A women, 200–2, 210, 213, 215, 216 Abadan, 6, 52, 56, 57, 219–34, 242 Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 15, 32, 73, Abadan Oil Refinery Company, 52, 56 74, 233, 250–2, 290 Abbasid Caliphate, 109 Ahmadzadeh, Massoud, 243 Abi and Rabi (film), viii Alamolhoda, Seyed Hossein, 245, 246 Abkashak, Mustafa, 226, 228, 229, 232 Alexander the Great, 117 Abrahamian, Ervand, 70, 71, 128, Alinejad, Masih, 183, 186–91 151, 178n5, 178n6, 222–4, Amuzegar, Jahangir, 13–15, 36, 73 226, 227, 239, 240, 243, 262, Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), 263, 292 222, 223, 227 © The Author(s) 2017 311 P. Vahabzadeh (ed.), Iran’s Struggles for Social Justice, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-44227-3 312 INDEX Angus, Ian, 10, 17, 20 Baku, 220, 259 anjomans (grassroots councils), Ballantyne, Tony, 115 292–4, 302 Banisadr, Abolhassan, 244 anti-hegemonic, 100, 122 barbarism, 101, 116 anti-imperialism, 5, 99–122, 267, 279 Bayat, Asef, 71, 72, 89, 225, 272, 274 Anzali, 221, 222, 293 Bazargan, Mehdi, 239, 240, 242 Arab, 20, 30, 106–12, 116–21, 229, Behdad, Sohrab, 13–15, 18, 54, 72, 230, 232 73, 134, 137, 140, 141 Arendt, Hannah, 146, 147, 160, 161, Beheshti, Seyyed Mohammad, 71, 90 292, 301 believer/non-believer (ba-iman/ Armenians, 259, 294 bi-iman), 101 Article 44 of Iranian Constitution, 13, Beyramvand, Akram, 158 14, 36 blue-collar workers, 49, 50 articulation, 24, 145, 148, 166, 167, body politic, 24, 212, 292, 295 178n4, 182, 190, 299, 300 bonyads (foundations), 14, 38, 72, 76 articulatory practices, 298–300 Bozorgnia, Mostafa, 341 Aryan Burke, Edmund, 122 Aryan migration, 101, 105, 106, business, 67, 82–5, 93, 206 116, 119 Aryan thesis, 105, 111, 113, 115 Aryo Barzan, 111, 117 C ‘ashayir (nomadic tribes), 101 Carter, Jimmy, 224 Asia, 113–15, 118, 121, 220, 258, 293 Caruth, Cathy, 173, 178n7 Asians, 113, 115 Center for Cooperation of Seminaries Aspirations of the Oppressed and Universities, 245 (Arman-e Mostaz’afin), 70–1 Central Cooperative Organization Atabaki, Touraj, 220 (CCO), 88 authoritarian, 2–4, 13, 24, 29–33, 35, Central Council of Federated Unions of 37, 38, 42, 43, 76, 120, 128, Iranian Workers and Toilers, 263 131, 133, 142, 220, 260–2, 272, Central Council of United Trade 282, 284, 297 Unions (CCUTU; Showra-ye authoritarianism, 2, 13, 24, 29–33, Mottahedeh-ye Markazi-ye 42, 43, 76, 282 Ettehadieh-ye Kargaran authoritative, 41, 127, 142, 156 Zahmatkeshan-e Iran), 223 auto/biographical, 166, 168, 178n4 Central Council of Workers Unions of Azali Babis, 294 Iran (CCWUI; Showra-ye Azerbaijan, 20, 223, 263, 266, 278 Markazi-ye Ettehadieh-ye Kargaran-e Iran), 223 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), B 224, 227 Babis. See Azali Babis Central Rural Cooperative Badi’zadegan, Ali-Asqar, 243 Organization (CRCO), 88 Baha’i, 109, 116, 120, 294 Chahar-Mahali, Ali, 232 INDEX 313 Chaqueri, Cosroe, 292–4, 296 Council of Guardians, 73 charity, 5, 14, 16, 65–77 Council of Muslim Socialists children (Showra-ye Mosalmanan-e in education, 141 Sosiyalist), 71 of political prisoners, 166, 167, Council of Nationalist-Religious 177n3 Activists (Showra-ye Fa’alan-e Children of the Jacaranda Tree (novel), Melli Mazhabi), 76 5, 165–79 councils, 20, 39, 51, 52, 54, 57–60, Christianity, 11, 113–15, 258 65, 71–3, 76, 77, 128, 134–6, Cinema Rex (Abadan),
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Iran and Turkey: the Yin and Yang of the Islamic World by Whitney Mason
    Iran and Turkey: The Yin and Yang of the Islamic World By Whitney Mason Since the zenith of Arab power in the tenth century; it's been a perennial con- tender for leadership of the entire Islamic world. A vast country of snow-capped mountains, high grazing lands and wind-whipped deserts bestriding a strategic land bridge between two seas, two worlds. A country of bewildering diversity often riven by localized insurrections yet ruled through most of its long history by a single hereditary monarch. A country torn between its fierce pride in its unique culture and its determination to escape servitude to the West by adopting the in- stitutions and technologies that for the last few centuries have allowed Europeans to dominate the world. A country that for centuries made painful sacrifices of sovereign rights in exchange for protection from its predatory neighbor to the north, Russia. A country where the ideological ferment of the 1920s swept the traditional monarchy from power and replaced it with an autocrat bent on west, ernizing his country at any cost including breaking the back of the religious establishment. A country where a progressive president committed to pluralism is now vying with entrenched interests whose power depends on the monopoli- zation of ideas in general and religion in particular. This description applies equally to two countries and to two countries alone: Turkey and Iran. Indeed, Turkey and Iran who represent, along with Egypt, the great pow- ers of the Middle East are mirror images of one another. Each regards the other as an apostate from a faith they once shared in common.
    [Show full text]
  • Crynes Aubrey DANESH 2019
    Volume 4 (2019) COLLEGE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Th e UNIVERSITY of OKLAHOMA ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! DĀNESH: The OU Undergraduate Journal of Iranian Studies Published under the auspices of: The OU Farzaneh Family Center for Iranian and Persian Gulf Studies, the Department of International and Area Studies, and the Boren College of International Studies at the University of Oklahoma Volume 4 (2019) Editors-in-Chief: Kayleigh Kuyon Corey Standley Associate Editors: Adam Oberlitner Jessamine Nazari Chris Progler Emma Albrecht Sarah Kayali Bailey Ashbaker Joni Keaton Faculty Advisors: Afshin Marashi Manata Hashemi © 2019, University of Oklahoma. Dānesh is a peer-reviewed undergraduate journal published by students at the University of Oklahoma’s College of International Studies. Correspondence should be addressed to OU Iranian Studies Program, Department of International and Area Studies, 729 Elm Ave, Farzaneh Hall, Room 304, Norman, OK 73019. Email: [email protected]. Weblink: https://commons.shareok.org/handle/11244.46/57 ! ii DĀNESH: The OU Undergraduate Journal of Iranian Studies Volume 4 (2019)! ! DĀNESH: The OU Undergraduate Journal of Iranian Studies Volume 4 (2019) From the Faculty Advisors iv From the Editors-in-Chief v Articles The Alternating Allegiances of the Ulama: Clerical Participation in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1905-11 Mathew Bray 1 Clericalism, Constitutionalism, and Cautiousness: Iran’s 1905 Revolution Through the Eyes of Shaikh Fazollah Nuri Jake Waugh 15 Tur and Iraj: Azeri Turks and ‘Persian’ Iran Daniel McAbee 27 Queer Theology: Theological, Theocratic, and Secular Influences on Iran’s Relationship with Transgender Bodies Adam Oberlitner 43 Lingering Effects: U.S. Media and the Case for Nationalism in the Iranian Hostage Crisis Lindsey T.
    [Show full text]
  • PUBLISHER S Iranian Opposition to the Shah
    HAH S Guide Iranian Opposition to the Shah Advisor: Wolfgang H. Behn Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin RANIAN OPPOSITION TO THE I AIDC PUBLISHERP U R L 1 5H E R S S BRILLB RI LL WolfgangWolfgang H.H. Behn,Behn, StaatsbibliothekStaatsbibliothek Preussischer Preussischer Kulturbesitz,Kulturbesitz, BerlinBerlin GuideGuide to the microform collection collection IDC numbersnumbers NE-1550NE-1550 - NE-1578 NE-1578 MU IDCIDC PUBLISHERSPUBLISHERS 1988 The Iranian opposition to the Shah The overthrow of the Shah came as a great surprise, even to many Iranists, in spite of the fact that the revolution had been in the air in Tehran long before this was realized in the West. More enigmatic than the Islamic revolution itself were the aims of its supporters, although most of the opposition groups had explicitly stated their objectives in their publications long before the revolution. But the tightening censorship in Iran had forced the whole spectrum of the opposition to publish abroad. The evasive nature of dissident literature makes bibliographical control, and acquisition in general, extremely difficult. In the case of the Iranian revolution we are fortunate that "W.H. Behn has taken on the formidable task of listing (in his bibliographies) every publication of an anti-Pahlavi nature in Persian, or in other languages about Iran, published outside Iran between 1962 and the establishment of the Islamic Republic in 1979. The measure of his success is that he has amassed a total of some 800 books and pamphlets... [The ] work... will be an indispensable tool for anyone studying the recent history of Iran and the sources of the opposition to the Shah that led to the revolution of 1979" (Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY for IRANIAN STUDIES انجمن بین املللی ایران شناسی ISIS Newsletter Volume 37, Number 1 May 2016
    THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR IRANIAN STUDIES انجمن بین املللی ایران شناسی www.societyforiranianstudies.org ISIS Newsletter Volume 37, Number 1 May 2016 PRESIDENT’S NOTE Although the festivities of Nowruz 1395 have come to an end, nevertheless I would like to take this opportunity to wish all members of our society a very happy and prosperous 1395! Since the publication of the last issue of the newsletter, the online election for the new president was held and my good friend Touraj Daryaee now stands as the President-Elect. Also, Elena Andreeva and Afshin Marashi joined the Council. I am very grateful to the collective team of colleagues on the board for their commitment to our society. Preparation for the forthcoming Eleventh Biennial Conference of The International Society for Iranian Studies is underway and the head of the Conference Committee, Florian Schwarz, and Programme Committee Chair Camron Amin together with their colleagues on both committees are doing their best to make the Eleventh Biennial another successful conference, this time in Vienna. I look forward to seeing all our members at the beginning of August in Vienna. Touraj Atabaki Amsterdam, April 2016 The International Society for Iranian Studies Founded in 1967 ISIS 2016 OFFICERS ISIS Newsletter Volume 37, Number 1 May 2016 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE The second reason is that some years ago when we were on summer vacation 2016 AFRO-IRANIANS: in Iran with family and friends, I saw an Afro-Iranian man for the first time. We went to a football match between Bargh Shiraz FC and Aluminium Hormozgan FC. The TOURAJ ATABAKI AN ELEMENT IN A MOSAIC PRESIDENT man was the fan leader of the Hormozgan team and I was quickly drawn to the way the fans joyfully and rhythmically chanted for their team.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemplation on Jurisprudence Principles and Necessities of Sheikh Fazlollah Nouri's Legitimate Constitutional Theory
    Athens Journal of History XY Contemplation on Jurisprudence Principles and Necessities of Sheikh Fazlollah Nouri's Legitimate Constitutional Theory By Ali Mohammad Tarafdari The victory of Constitutional Revolution during Muzaffareddin Shah Qajar is considered as one of the biggest political-religious developments in Iranian contemporary history during which the Shiite Ulema (clergymen) by their serious involvement in this movement and acceptance of its leadership created a modern era of various views about the constitutional political structure through using the huge legacy of the Shiite political jurisprudence. Meanwhile, a group of these Ulema by bringing up the issue of legitimate constitution tried to present a new reading of the Shiite political thinking concerning the criteria of the legitimacy or non-legitimacy of the constitutional system. Sheikh Fazlollah Nouri is considered one of the most leading religious figures whose jurisprudential thinking regarding the Iranian constitutional movement has been reviewed and analyzed in this article historically and jurisprudentially. The main point/question in the article is that why and under what religious and historical necessities a group of the Ulema, particularly Sheikh Fazlollah Nouri, stood against the constitutional system and started to bring up the plan of Legitimate Constitutional Theory? The findings of this study show that the Legitimate Constitutional Theory was formed as a result of the Shia jurisprudential necessities and the historical conditions of that period, and that based on the Nouri's viewpoint analyzed in his main works, he in the position of religious authority and religious jurist believed he was defending the bases of Islamic religion, while the sources of pro-constitutionalists have considered Nouri's defense of Islam as the result of his support for autocracy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Historical Relationship Between Women's Education and Women's
    The Historical Relationship between Women’s Education and Women’s Activism in Iran Somayyeh Mottaghi The University of York, UK Abstract This paper focuses on the historical relationship between women’s education and women’s activism in Iran. The available literature shows that education is consid- ered to be one important factor for Iranian women’s activism. The historical anal- ysis of women’s demand for education helps us to gain an understanding of the past in order to relate it to the future. This paper analyzes Iranian women’s active participation in education throughout the Safavid period (1501-1722) and the Qajar period (1794-1925). Women’s demand for education continued into the twentieth century and by the time of the constitutional revolution (1905-1911), during which Iranian women participated immensely in political affairs, the alliance of elite and non-elite women was clearly visible around educational issues. Women’s demand for education gained particular visibility; however, the focus shifted from modernization based on Westernization during the Pahlavi period (1925-1979), towards Islamization from 1979 onwards. This paper analyzes the ways in which, during different eras, women have been treated differently regard- ing their rights to education and at some points they faced difficulties even in exercising them; therefore, they had to constantly express their demands. Key words Iran, Education, Women’s movement, Historical perspective Introduction The historical analysis of women’s activism in Iran shows that educa- tion has always been considered an important factor for Iranian women and something that they have always demanded. The right to education is non-negotiable, embedded in the teaching of Islam as well as in hu- ㅣ4 ❙ Somayyeh Mottaghi man rights provisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Islamising Indonesia: the Rise of Jemaah Tarbiyah And
    ISLAMISING INDONESIA THE RISE OF JEMAAH TARBIYAH AND THE PROSPEROUS JUSTICE PARTY (PKS) ISLAMISING INDONESIA THE RISE OF JEMAAH TARBIYAH AND THE PROSPEROUS JUSTICE PARTY (PKS) Yon Machmudi A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University, Southeast Asia Center Faculty of Asian Studies, July 2006 Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/islam_indo_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Machmudi, Yon, 1973- Title: Islamising Indonesia : the rise of Jemaah Tarbiyah and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) / Yon Machmudi. ISBN: 9781921536243 (pbk.) 9781921536250 (pdf) Series: Islam in Southeast Asia series. Notes: Bibliography. Subjects: Partai Keadilan Sejahtera. Political parties--Indonesia. Islam and politics--Indonesia. Islam and state--Indonesia. Indonesia--Politics and government. Dewey Number: 324.2598082 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by Teresa Prowse Printed by University Printing Services, ANU This edition © 2008 ANU E Press Islam in Southeast Asia Series Theses at The Australian National University are assessed by external examiners and students are expected to take into account the advice of their examiners before they submit to the University Library the final versions of their theses. For this series, this final version of the thesis has been used as the basis for publication, taking into account other changes that the author may have decided to undertake.
    [Show full text]
  • The Roots of Feminist Invocations in Post-Revolutionary Iran
    THE ROOTS OF FEMINIST INVOCATIONS IN POST-REVOLUTIONARY IRAN Nina Ansary Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 © 2013 Nina Ansary All rights reserved ABSTRACT The Roots of Feminist Invocations in Post-Revolutionary Iran Nina Ansary Studies of the transformation of Iranian society after the Islamic Revolution of 1979 and its impact on the position of the Iranian woman have revealed that three and a half decades of efforts by the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) to institutionalize an archaic image of the ideal Muslim woman have produced results contrary to what was intended. The expansion of women’s education in post-revolutionary Iran identified as an unintended consequence of the revolution has been empowering women against the IRI’s misogynistic ideology. A feminist movement based on the evolution of female consciousness and an unprecedented solidarity among previously divided secular and religious women has emerged as another medium of resistance. This study augments the research in this field by examining modifications in the education system following the revolution. A critical content analysis of elementary school textbooks issued by the Pahlavi and the IRI assesses the way in which each regime sought to impart its gender ideology to young girls. The eradication of coeducation and institution of single-sex schooling at the pre- university level is investigated as a factor in combating the constraints imposed by patriarchal laws on the female population. The conclusion is offered that the IRI may have unwittingly undermined its own agenda for women in promulgating such seemingly outdated decrees.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Architecture: Using Traditional Persian Elements to Design for Climate in Yazd, Iran
    Local Architecture: Using Traditional Persian Elements to Design for Climate in Yazd, Iran by Sepideh Sohrabi Mollayousef A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Architecture in M. Architecture Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2015 Sepideh Sohrabi Mollayousef 1 ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to research and study vernacular architecture in Yazd. Additionally, this study will explore the social and environmen- tal bases of the traditional Yazdi house. In order to develop a cohesive understanding of contemporary issues in Iranian design, a variety of resource materials will be drawn on, including journal articles, reports, books, and field studies. The thesis will culminate in a project to design a large-scale master plan and schematic housing layouts for a residential complex at Yazd University that will house professors and their immedi- ate family members. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to express my gratitude to my supervi- sor, Prof. Johan Voordouw, who has supported me with his patience and knowledge whilst allowing me to develop my research. Also I would like to offer special thanks to my committee chair, Dr. Fed- erica Goffi, for her offered guidance, care and support. I also want to thank Dr. Inderbir Singh Riar and Marjan Ghannad for serving on my graduate committee. I would like to thank my father, Dr. Teymour Sohrabi, and dear mother, Fariba Zamani Sani, for each providing me with love, encouragement and support. Special thanks go to my amazing sister, Sara, who has provided inexhaustible love, support and encouragement.
    [Show full text]
  • Mustafa Aslan a Plague from the West: Jalal Al-E Ahmad's Gharbzadegi Within the Context of Anti-Westernism in the Islamic Worl
    Mustafa Aslan A Plague from the West: Jalal Al-e Ahmad’s Gharbzadegi within the context of anti-Westernism in the Islamic World MA Thesis in Comparative History Supervisor: Professor Nadia Al-Bagdadi Second Reader: Associate Professor Brett Wilson Central European University CEU eTD Collection Budapest June 2018 A Plague from the West: Jalal Al-e Ahmad’s Gharbzadegi within the context of anti-Westernism in the Islamic World by Mustafa Aslan Thesis submitted to the Department of History, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Comparative History. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection ____________________________________________ Examiner Budapest Month YYYY I, the undersigned, Mustafa Aslan, candidate for the MA degree in Comparative History, declare herewith that the present thesis is exclusively my own work, based on my research and only such external information as properly credited in notes and bibliography. I declare that no unidentified and illegitimate use was made of the work of others, and no part of the thesis infringes on any person’s or institution’s copyright. I also declare that no part of the thesis has been submitted in this form to any other institution of higher education for an academic degree. Budapest, 08 June 2018 __________________________ Signature CEU eTD Collection Abstract The present study of intellectual history places Jalal Al-e Ahmad’s Gharbzadegi (Westoxication) within the context of anti-Westernism in the Islamic world. To establish the latter, this study traces the ideas of Muslim modernist thinkers of the nineteenth century and the Islamist thinkers of the twentieth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Party Mapping in Lebanon Ahead of the 2018 Elections
    Political Party Mapping in Lebanon Ahead of the 2018 Elections Foreword This study on the political party mapping in Lebanon ahead of the 2018 elections includes a survey of most Lebanese political parties; especially those that currently have or previously had parliamentary or government representation, with the exception of Lebanese Communist Party, Islamic Unification Movement, Union of Working People’s Forces, since they either have candidates for elections or had previously had candidates for elections before the final list was out from the Ministry of Interior and Municipalities. The first part includes a systematic presentation of 27 political parties, organizations or movements, showing their official name, logo, establishment, leader, leading committee, regional and local alliances and relations, their stance on the electoral law and their most prominent candidates for the upcoming parliamentary elections. The second part provides the distribution of partisan and political powers over the 15 electoral districts set in the law governing the elections of May 6, 2018. It also offers basic information related to each district: the number of voters, the expected participation rate, the electoral quotient, the candidate’s ceiling on election expenditure, in addition to an analytical overview of the 2005 and 2009 elections, their results and alliances. The distribution of parties for 2018 is based on the research team’s analysis and estimates from different sources. 2 Table of Contents Page Introduction .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • GHAREHGOZLOU, BAHAREH, Ph.D., August 2018 TRANSLATION STUDIES
    GHAREHGOZLOU, BAHAREH, Ph.D., August 2018 TRANSLATION STUDIES A STUDY OF PERSIAN-ENGLISH LITERARY TRANSLATION FLOWS: TEXTS AND PARATEXTS IN THREE HISTORICAL CONTEXTS (261 PP.) Dissertation Advisor: Françoise Massardier-Kenney This dissertation addresses the need to expand translation scholarship through the inclusion of research into different translation traditions and histories (D’hulst 2001: 5; Bandia 2006; Tymoczko 2006: 15; Baker 2009: 1); the importance of compiling bibliographies of translations in a variety of translation traditions (Pym 1998: 42; D’hulst 2010: 400); and the need for empirical studies on the functional aspects of (translation) paratexts (Genette 1997: 12–15). It provides a digital bibliography that documents what works of Persian literature were translated into English, by whom, where, and when, and explores how these translations were presented to Anglophone readers across three historical periods—1925–1941, 1942–1979, and 1980–2015— marked by important socio-political events in the contemporary history of Iran and the country’s shifting relations with the Anglophone West. Through a methodical search in the library of congress catalogued in OCLC WorldCat, a bibliographical database including 863 editions of Persian-English literary translations along with their relevant metadata—titles in Persian, authors, translators, publishers, and dates and places of publication—was compiled and, through a quantitative analysis of this bibliographical data over time, patterns of translation publication across the given periods
    [Show full text]