WOODSHOP SAFETY MANUAL wood shop safety manual

Golden Rules of the Woodshop

If you open it . . . Close it

If you turn it on . . . Turn it off

If you unlock it . . . Lock it

If you checked it out . . . Check it in

If you use it . . . Put it back in it’s proper place

If you break it . . . Report it

If you borrowed it . . . Return it

If you glued it . . . Tag it with a name, date, and time

If you make a mess . . . Clean it up

If it is in the way . . . Move it

If you moved it . . . Put it back

If you are confused . . . Ask for help

If you are unable to operate it . . . Get assistance wood shop safety manual

Contents

1. General A. Woodshop Use B. Procedures C. Safety D. Emergency

2. Facilities A. Woodshop

3. Stationary Safety A. Band Saw B. Belt/Disc C. Spindle Sander D. Compound E. Press F. /Planer G. H. J. Wood Lathe K. Bench grinder L. Table M. Vertical Mill

4. Hand Tool Safety A. B. C. Biscuit Joiner D. Drill E. Random Orbital Sander F. Grinder G. Jig Saw H. Power Planer J. Pneumatic guns K. Routers

Warning Knowledge and understanding of rules and procedures are your responsibility. Visible Futures Lab Staff holds all rights to change and/or modify lab rules and protocol at any time or for any specific situation. All rules are strictly enforced. wood shop safety manual

1.General A. Woodshop Use • The VFL is open to current Graduate Students, Faculty, and Staff ­at SVA. The woodshop is avail- able for class and school related projects. • Woodshop Access -­ Privileges will be extended after the completion of the safety course for Prod- uct of Design (PoD) and Interaction Design Students (IxD). Access may be granted to other stu- dents who receive training by Lab Staff on equipment needed for specific projects. • Equipment Access­ - Safety clearance allows access to any machine or tool you have been certi- fied in. If you do not know the correct way to use a tool or machine ask for help. Misuse or abuse of a tool will result in the loss of Lab access.

B. Procedures

• Safety Course­ - Each person must watch the woodshop safety video and complete the safety quiz. These will be available online at vfl.sva.edu • Tool check out­ - will be checked out to individuals by Lab Staff using the tool check-out form. You will only be issued tools you are authorized to use. Some tools are forbidden from being checked out from the Lab. • Clean up­ - Your work area must be clean before you leave. Due to minimal storage space in the woodshop, projects should be stored in your department. Failure to properly clean your workspace may void Lab privileges. • Return tools - Any tools you have used must be returned to their proper cabinet or tool box and should be cleaned and working properly. Report any broken tools to Lab Staff. wood shop safety manual

C. Safety

• Focus - Come in with working mentality, do not rush, do not panic, and expect that your job will take longer than you anticipate. • Accidents - Report everything! We need to know for your safety. Inform Lab Staff as soon as possible. Minor incidents are important. Accidents include any personal harm or any damage done to machines or tools. • Danger - Anything that appears to be an immediate or potential hazard should be dealt with immediately. Damaged equipment should be reported. • Electrical Hazards - Keep out of any electrical control boxes or fuse boxes. • Moving Parts - Always keep your hands and other extremities away from all moving parts. • Eye Protection­ - Imperative when working with or around any tools and machinery, even if you are not using the equipment. Eye protection must be worn at ALL times when you are in the shop. • Face Shields­ - Required when using the lathe, but advised for all machinery. • Ear Protection­ - Available and advised. • Dust Mask­ - Available for $1.00 from Lab Staff. Whenever working with wood, dust is produced and can be a hazard. Certain woods may contain harmful chemicals and have been attributed to asthma and nasal cancer. Wear a mask when creating high levels of sawdust and always keep work area clean. Ensure that air handlers are turned on. • Clothing • Long hair must be pulled back and secured. • No loose clothing. Long sleeves should be rolled up and baggy shirts should be tucked in. • Full length pants are recommended. • Shoes must be rubber soled and closed toed, No sandals, etc. • No jewelry can be worn, including watches and dangling earrings. • Backpacks and other belongings must be stored outside woodshop area. • No Food, drinks, tobacco, alcohol, or drugs, legal or otherwise­ allowed in the shop. Using the Lab while impaired is prohibited. • Respect your peers and staff -­ Be considerate and helpful towards each other. No running, yelling, or being irresponsible in the wood shop. • Electronics­ - No headphones or cellular devices. Music may be played on Lab speakers at a volume that is deemed acceptable by all shop users. wood shop safety manual

D. Emergency

• Fire­ Emergency pull is located near the elevators. Extinguishers are located near all Lab doors - in- cluding the garage door. • First Aid­ is located above each Lab sink and in each restroom. Have Lab Staff assist you with all injuries. • Emergency Eyewash stations are located at each sink in the Lab. • Emergency Assistance­ Dial 9-­911 on campus phones. • Security may be called at 2754 on campus phones.

2. Facilities

A. Woodshop ­ This area houses all the stationary tools that are connected to individual vacuum systems. The workta- ble is equipped with a vise for hand tools and quick release clamps to secure projects. Chemical use is not allowed in this room, this is a fire hazard. Supervision by Lab Staff is required. This area also houses 2 CNC machines and a vacuform machine.

B. Maker Space This area houses soft-lab tools such as sewing machines, electronics, printers, scanners, workstations, and more. Twelve worktables are present for use with soft-lab activities. This is a dust free space and sanding is not permitted. Chemical use is not allowed in this room.

C. Digital Fabrication Room This area houses laser cutters, 3D printers, and the UV printer. Supervision by Lab Staff is required. This is a dust free space and sanding is not permitted. Chemical use is not allowed in this room.

D. Spray Booth This area is for spraying paints and adhesives. Chemical use for moldmaking and other processes is allowed here with approval from Lab Staff. Respirators are required in the spray booth. wood shop safety manual

3. Stationary Tool Safety

• Use machines only as intended. If in doubt, ask for assistance and/or refer to user manuals. • You should be knowledgeable in operation and safety procedure for the tool you’re using. If you are not comfortable with a machine, do not use it; ask for assistance. • Focus on your work. Look, listen, and be in control of what you are doing. Do not be distracted by or talk to others and do not distract others. • Avoid accidental starting. • All Safety guards and devices must be in place when operating machines. • Do not overreach. • Machine must be at rest before removing byproducts and turned “off” before leaving. • Return adjustable parts to rest position. Machine should be clean and clear before, during, and after it is used. • Make all adjustments with the power box switched off! • All adjustable parts should be secure before power is on. • Do not use force. The tool should do the work. If it does not perform as you expect, let Lab Staff know. There may be a better way. • Stay within reach of power switch at all times. • Check for worn and damaged parts. Let Lab Staff correct these problems. Do not attempt yourself. • Machinery should not be used to cut used lumber, plaster, or drywall. band saw wood shop safety

Bandsaw Free-hand tool designed for cutting circles and curves. Can also be used to rip and crosscut relatively small pieces of wood.

• Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. • Always keep hands and fingers 3” away from the cutting edge. • Upper guide should be only 1/8” above material height. • Only use wood that has flat surfaces. • Hold wood firmly feeding it into blade at a moderate speed. • Check band for good tension. • Avoid backing wood out of an incomplete cut. • Blade inhibits tight turns that could twist and break band. • Clicking while blade is in motion indicates a hazard. Inform Lab Staff.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. belt sander wood shop safety

Belt/Disc Sander Free-hand tool for sanding small pieces of wood.

• Sand only in the direction of the on the downward stroke of the machine. • Do not apply excessive force. • Check sanding surfaces for tears or holes. Worn surfaces should be replaced. • Check belt traction while running. • Gloves should not be worn, nor should you hold object with a rag.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Spindle Sander ­ Used for sanding curved surfaces.

• Sanding spindle should be appropriate size for the radius of the curve you need to sand. • Keep wood flat on table while sanding. • Do not apply excessive force. • Check sanding surfaces for tears or holes. Worn surfaces should be replaced.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

10” Compound Miter Saw Used for crosscuts, miter and compound miter jointing.

• Blade should be sharp, run freely, and be free of vibration. • Let blade come to full speed before beginning cut. • Hold material with hand away from blade and keep your fingers and thumb together. • Do not cross your arms while using the saw. • Start the saw, pull out, push down, and push back. • Allow blade to stop completely before lifting up. • Do not attempt to cut small pieces. • Do not handle blade guard. It is designed to self-retract.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Drill Press - 17” Variable Speed Designed to make vertical holes or create mortises.

• Larger bits should be used at slower speeds. • Adjust speed with motor running. • Place scrap stock underneath material to be cut in order to protect base. • Clamp plastic and metal to base.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Jointer/Planer - 10” Long Bed for squaring and shaving along the edge grain and wood face.

• Jointer - Use a push block whenever project goes over the cutting surface keeping fingers 4” from the cutting knives. • Jointer - Wood should be more than 6” long. • Jointer - Never adjust outgoing table. • Jointer - Feed against blade rotation. Reverse di- rection can cause serious injury. • Planer - Use only with Lab Staff. • Planer - Plane off only 1/16” each pass. • Planer - Keep others out of line of input and output of table. • Planer - Plane only clean clear wood. Any imperfections in the wood should be checked first. • Planer - Only one piece of wood at a time. Do not start a second until first is clear and do not stack. • Planer - Feed against blade rotation. Reverse direction can cause serious injury.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Scroll Saw­ Free-hand tool for cutting fine detail designs.

• Be sure adjustment keys and wrenches have been removed. • Lower hold down clamp against wood to secure it. • Only use ½” stock wood or smaller that has flat only surfaces. • Hold wood firmly feeding it into blade at a moderate speed. • Blades should be changed by Lab Staff but always check band for good tension. • Stop blade before backing wood out of an incom- plete cut. • Make release cuts before making long curves.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Table Saw­ Ripping and Crosscutting stock.

• Use a push block whenever project goes over the cutting surface. Keep hands at least 4” from blade. • Stand to side of wood being ripped. • Stay within reach of power switch. • Only use one fence or miter gauge. • Be sure adjustment wrenches or any other objects have been removed from table before use. • Hold wood firmly feeding it into blade at a moderate speed. Push wood with a push stick until it clears cutting blade. • This in not a free-hand machine. Always use a fence or miter gauge. • Feed against rotation. Wrong way will accelerate wood and cause damage. • No dead-cuts. Continue ripping all the way through your board without stopping. • Only use wood that has flat surfaces. • Only one piece of wood at a time. Do not start a second until first is clear.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Wood Lathe Milling original, symmetrical wood or foam profiles.

• Tool rest should be at proper height and as close to work as possible. • Vary speed with motor running. • Only certain types of wood can be milled. Check wood with Lab Staff if unsure. • Check for clearance and balance before beginning. • Tailstock should be tight. • Turning tool should not interfere with work. • Do not jam tool into work, especially during rough turning. • Refer to chart to determine speed.

SAFETY • Face mask and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Bench Grinder Abrasive wheels are used to finely remove unwanted materials. Wire wheels are used to clean or polish materials. The buffing wheel can be used to polish to a bright finish.

• Do not wear gloves or loose clothing. Tie back long hair and remove dangling jewelry. • Never grind on the side of the wheel, as a large amount of force can actually cause it to explode. • Whenever possible, place your material onto the tool rests to help prevent the material from being sucked out of your hands. • Grinding wheel spins down towards the base plate. Apply light pressure to pieces to engage with wheel.

SAFETY • Face mask and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Router Table Used to rout out (hollow out) an area in the face or contour the edge of a relatively hard workpiece, typically of wood or plastic.

• Use push blocks to position your hands outside of red zone. • Large-diameter bits are for use only in a router table. Using bits over 1 in. dia. in a handheld router can easily cause you to lose control of the tool. • Take light cuts. Heavy cuts invite kickback. If necessary, move the fence closer to the bit or switch to a larger guide bearing. • Use a featherboard to support the workpiece against the router table or fence. • Always feed the stock from right to left. • Avoid shaping small stock. Instead, shape a larg- er piece and reduce it in size afterwards. If you must shape a small piece, build an appropriate jig or secure the work within the jaws of a wooden handscrew clamp. • Never start the router with the bit in contact with the stock. • Don’t force the bit or overload the router. • Secure the motor in the base before starting the router. • Don’t bottom out the bit in the collet or partially insert the bit. Instead, completely insert the bit, and then back off approximately 1/16 in.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Vertical Mill Milling is the process of machining flat, curved, or irregular surfaces by feeding the workpiece (Wood, Metal, Plastic) against a rotating cutter containing a number of cutting edges.

• Do not make contact with the rotating cutter bit. • Place a wooden pad or suitable cover over the table surface to protect it from possible damage. • Do not attempt to tighten arbor nuts using machine power. • When installing or removing milling cutters, always hold them with a rag to prevent cutting your hands. • While setting up work, install the cutter last to avoid being cut. • Never adjust the workpiece or work mounting devices when the machine is operating. • Shut the machine off before making any adjustments or measurements. • When using cutting oil, prevent splashing by using appropriate splash guards. Cutting oil on the floor can cause a slippery condition that could result in operator injury

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety manual

4. Hand tool Safety

• Use tools only as intended. If in doubt, ask for assistance and/or refer to user manuals. • You should be informed in operation and safety procedure. If you are not comfortable with a ma- chine, do not use it; ask for assistance from Lab Staff. • Focus on your work. Look, listen, and be in control of what you are doing. Do not be distracted by or talk to others and do not distract others. • All safety guards and devices must be in place when operating tools. • Avoid accidental starting. • Tool should be at rest before removing byproduct and laying it down. Unplug a tool that is not being used. • Unplug tool before changing parts and making adjustments. Be sure bits and blades are secure before usage. Turn switch to “OFF” before plugging into socket. • Return adjustable parts to rest position. Machine should be clean and clear before, during, and after it is used. • Do not use force. The tool should do the work. If it does not perform as you expect, let Lab Staff know. There may be a better way. • Do not overreach. • Extension cords must be 3-prong grounded or polarized. If a 2-prong cord will not fit, flip it over. • Pull plug out from sockets by the grip not the cord. • Use clamps and vises to hold down wood or metal. Keep your hands free to control the hand tool. • Cords can be electrocution hazards. Be sure they run behind you, out of the tools direction. • Hold tools by insulated grips for greater shock protection. • Check for worn and damaged parts. Let Lab Staff correct these problems. Do not attempt it your- self. • Material should be flat and clear of all foreign objects • Inform Lab Staff when consumables such as pads, blades, bits, etc are running low. • Wipe dust and debris off of tools prior to returning to cabinet or tool chest. wood shop safety

Belt Sander This tool is designed to smooth larger items like rough boards, old finishes, and sometimes metal and plastic.

• Hold with both hands. This tool is easy to lose control of. • Belt must be tracked properly before use. • The weight of the sander is sufficient. Leaning on the tool is bad for the motor and is less effective. • When sanding wood, move the belt sander in the direction of the grain.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Circular Saw ­ Hand ripping and Crosscutting wood stock.

• Hold with both hands. This tool is easy to lose control of. • Blade guard is designed to self-retract. • Clamp stock to . • When using the Festool Circular saw, use the guide rail to ensure straight cuts. • When performing large cuts, ask Lab Staff for assistance.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Biscuit Joiner A woodworking tool used to join two pieces of wood together. This tool is designed specifically to cut slots in wood for biscuit joining. It will cut sizes “FF,” “0,” “10,” and “20” at 5/32” thickness.

• Before using the biscuit joiner, consult with Lab Staff for proper setup. • Hold with both hands. This tool is easy to lose control of. • This is not free-hand. Do not attempt to move tool when in place for cut. • Release pressure slowly after cut.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Drill This tool is designed to drill various sized straight holes into wood, metal, plastic, or ceramics.

• Drill straight in and pull straight out. Twisting or wobbling bit in a hole will damage the bit and may cause bodily harm. • Bits can be extremely hot after use. • Be sure to drill with motor in forward direction. Reverse direction will burn or can ignite wood. • Pull bit out of deep holes to remove debris. Excess chips can cause overheating.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Random Orbital Sander This palm-sized sander removes material more rapidly than a finish sander.

• A moderate grip on the sander is sufficient. Excessive force is bad for the motor and is less efficient. • Abrasive paper should be secure before use. • This tool is capable of abrasions unlike finish- ing .

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Grinder This is a metalworking tool for grinding, and smoothing rough edges.

• Hold with both hands. This tool is easy to lose control of. • Lay tool trigger and grinder side up. • Always position wheel guard between you and your work. • Do not use the grinder near glass doors or win- dows.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Jig Saw This tool is generally used for pattern cutting into materials with the maximum thickness of 4 1/4” for wood and1¼” for plastic, refer to manual for metal thickness.

• Find a clear area to work with this tool and secure the material. • Keep base on flat surface when in use. • Do not use a bent blade.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Power Planer This tool is a hand-held tool, but it operates like an upside-down stationary jointer. There’s a cutter-head with a pair of sharp knives that, like a plane iron, removes shavings of stock to create a flat, planed surface. The cutterhead is aligned with the rear portion of the tool’s base; the front shoe of the plane adjusts to control the depth of cut.

• Hold by insulated gripping surfaces when performing an operation where the cutting accessory may contact hidden wiring or its own cord. • Use clamps or another practical way to secure and support the workpiece to a stable platform. Holding the work by hand or against your body leaves it unstable and may lead to loss of control. • Wait for the cutter to stop before setting the tool down.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Pneumatic Gun/Stapler Fastening with brads, staples, finishing and fram- ing nails.

• Material must be sufficient enough to with- stand impact of tool. • Never point this in the direction of another person. Also, no one should be in front of op- erator in case of error. • This tool is not to be used in any way other than intended. • Do not tamper with contact element. • The air hose is the power, disconnect when reloading or adjusting.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery. wood shop safety

Plunge Router Used for milling and shaping wood edges and free forms.

• Hold with both hands. This tool is easy to lose control of. • Bits can be extremely hot after use. • Keep base on flat surface for smooth cuts. • Make progressive cuts to desired depth. • Speed should be reduced for larger bits. • Do not “Climb-cut.” Cut outside edges coun- terclockwise and inside edges clockwise.

SAFETY • Safety eye protection and hair ties for long hair required. • Do not be distracted by or talk to others when operating machinery.