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About the History of the Naval Academy Nikola Vaptsarov Naval

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About the History of the Naval Academy Nikola Vaptsarov Naval За историята на Морско училище About the history of the Naval Academy Висшето военноморско училище Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy is the „Н. Й. Вапцаров” е най-старото техниче- oldest technical educational institution in ско учебно заведение в Република Бълга- Republic of Bulgaria. Its history and past and рия. Историята и настоящата му дейност present achievements establish it as the most го утвърждават като най-престижен цен- prestigious center for training of maritime тър за подготовка на морски кадри у нас. specialists in the country. Its development Неговото развитие във времето наподобя- over time resembles a navigable river, into ва плавателна река, в която се вливат мно- which flow many tributaries, the „prototypes” жество притоци, които са първообрази на of the present-day faculties, departments, and съвременните факултети, катедри, департа- vocational colleges constituting the Nikola менти и професионални колежи, влизащи в Vaptsarov Naval Academy. състава на ВВМУ „Н. Й. Вапцаров”. The foundations of maritime education in Темелите на родното морско образо- this country were laid in the town of Russe Триптих Циркуляр № 7 Триптихът „Циркуляр по Военното министерство № 7 от 9 януари 1881 г. за учредяването на Морско училище в гр. Русе” e разработен по проект на проф. д.пс.н. инж. Илия Пеев и Сияна Струнчева – магистър по информатика. Triptych Circular № 7 The triptych „Circular on the Ministry of War № 7 of 9 January 1881 for the establishment of the Maritime School in the town of Russe” is designed by Prof. Psy. D. Eng. Iliya Peev and Siyana Struncheva – MSc (Informatics) 18 вание са положени в pursuant to Circular or- гр. Русе на основание der № 7/January 16, 1881 циркуляр № 7 от 16 of the Ministry of War of януари 1881 г. на Воен- the Principality of Bul- ното министерство на garia. The circular order Княжество България. В announced the estab- циркуляра се обявява, lishment of a „Maritime че се формира Морско School”, as of 9 January училище, считано от 9 1881. The original docu- януари 1881 г. Ориги- ment for the establish- налният документ за уч- ment of the Naval Acad- редяването на Морско emy was discovered as a училище е открит в ре- result of many years of зултат на дългогодишна research conducted by ex- изследователска работа perts from the State Mili- Капитан-лейтенант Александър със съдействието на спе- Конкевич, пръв командващ на tary Archives in the town циалисти от Държавния българския военен флот и основател of Veliko Tarnovo and the военноисторически ар- на Морското училище Naval Museum in Varna, хив – гр. Велико Търново with the participation of Captain Lieutenant Aleksandar Konkevich и от Военноморския му- First commander of the Bulgarian Navy professors from the Naval зей – гр. Варна, с участи- and founder of the Naval Academy Academy. ето на преподаватели от The initiator for the es- Морско училище. tablishment of the facility Инициатор за съз- was lieutenant command- даването на учебното er Alexander Egorovich заведение е капитан- Konkevich, „superintend- лейтенант Александър ant” of the Fleet and the Егорович Конкевич, „за- Maritime Unit (the offi- ведующ” Флотилията и cial name of the Bulgarian Морската част (офици- Navy in the 19th century). алното название на ВМС The first commandant на България през ХІХ в.). of the Maritime School Пръв началник на was Pavel Alexeevich Морското училище е Mashnin, second lieuten- подпоручикът от кор- ant in the Naval Engineers пуса на флотските меха- Corps, who remained ници Павел Алексеевич at this post until March Машнин, който престо- 1883. ява на тази длъжност до Пръв началник на Морско училище The Maritime School подпор. инж.-механик март 1883 г. Павел Алексеевич Машнин was entrusted with the На Морското учили- (1848, Севастопол – 1900, task of training machin- ще се възлага задачата да Порт Артур) ists and stokers for the подготвя машинисти и navy of the principality. First chief of the Naval Academy огняри за княжеския во- Second lieutenant engineer-mechanic After 1883, official docu- енен флот. След 1883 г. в Pavel Alekseevich Mashnin ments refer to the school документите училището (1848, Sevastopol – 1900, Port Arthur) „Machine School”, „Tech- 19 започва да се нарича „Ма- nical School”, „Machine шинна школа”, „Техни- Class”, but it did not change ческа школа”, „Машинен its status and continued to к л а с ”, но не променя своя train successfully technical статут и в същото време specialists for the Fleet and успешно продължава да the Maritime Unit. In 1885, обучава технически кадри graduates of the school за Флотилията и Морска- fought in the Serbo-Bulgari- та част. През 1885 г. въз- an War and two of them re- питаниците на училището ceived awards for their gal- вземат участие в Сръбско- lantry. българската война, като Under the influence of двама от тях за проявена the reforms of the Minis- храброст са отличени с на- ter of Education Georgi гради. Zhivkov, the last decade of Под влиянието на ре- the nineteenth century is формите на министъра на Дипломата на възпитаника characterized by the devel- народното просвещение Хаджипанов от 1892 г. opment of educational in- Георги Живков, последно- Най-старата достигнала до нас stitutions in Bulgaria. This то десетилетие на ХІХ век диплома на Морско училище process also affected many се характеризира с разви- Diploma of graduate Hadzhipanov aspects of the maritime edu- тие на образователните from 1892 cation. институции в България. The oldest diploma of the Maritime As a result, in 1892 the Този процес засяга много- School preserved for posterity school was reorganized планово и морското обра- and renamed „Sub-officer зование. Maritime School” which trained boatswains, В резултат на това през 1892 г. училище- ratings, artillerymen, miners and machinist то е преустроено и преименувано в „Ун- mates. That same year the first diploma of the терофицерска морска школа”, в която се naval alma mater preserved for posterity was подготвят боцмани, рулеви, артилеристи, awarded. миньори и машинисти. През същата година In 1893, the first „Temporary course in na- е издадена и първата диплома на флотската val sciences” for training of line officers was алма-матер, достигнала до нас. organized in Russe. Insofar as the Maritime През 1893 г. в Русе се формира първият School of 1881 was not only the start of the „Временен курс по военноморски науки” Naval Academy, but also a prototype of the за подготовка на строеви офицери. До- modern Engineering Faculty and most de- колкото Морското училище от 1881 г. е не partments in it, it should be emphasized that само начало на ВВМУ, но и първообраз на the Temporary Officer Course of 1893 was a съвременния факултет „Инженерен” и по- prototype of the modern Navigational Fac- вечето катедри в него, то може да се каже, ulty, as well as departments in it such as „Or- че Временният офицерски курс от 1893 г. ganization and management of Navy tactical е в основата на съвременния факултет „На- units”, „Navigation” and „Fleet And Ports вигационен”, както и на основните кате- Operation”. In fact, the organization of the дри в него. С формирането на „Временния „Temporary course” marks the beginning of курс” започва историческото развитие на the historical development of the educational образователните структури, свързани с structures training navigational specialists in 20 Сградата на Унтерофицерската морска школа в гр. Русе The building of Naval Academy in Ruse подготовката на ко- this country. рабоводители у нас. The course В този курс се trained officers, обучават офицери, graduates of the завършили Военното Military School училище в София, с in Sofia, to ac- цел придобиване на quire naval quali- военноморска ква- fications, as well as лификация, а така Bulgarian gradu- също български въз- ates of foreign na- питаници на задгра- val schools who нични военномор- for some reason ски училища, които did not manage to по някаква причина graduate abroad. не успяват да се ди- The participants пломират в чужби- in the Temporary на. Слушателите във Officer Course Временния офицер- passed and exam ски курс полагат из- and were awarded пит и придобиват the qualifications правоспособност на of naval officers. военноморски офи- At the turn цери. of the new 20th В началото на но- century, the „Sub- вия ХХ век поредна 1900-1910 г. Сградата на Машинното училище officer Maritime крачка напред е на- при Флота на Негово Величество School” made a правена от Унтеро- 1900-1910 The building of the Engineering School new step forward. фицерската морска to His Majesty‘s Fleet In 1900, it was 21 школа. През 1900 г. тя е оглавена от лейте- headed by lieutenant T. Solarov. It was dur- нант Тодор Соларов. Именно тогава учеб- ing his time in office that the institution was ното заведение е преместено във Варна и moved to Varna and renamed „Engineering преименувано на „Машинно училище School to the Fleet”. T. Solarov justified the при флота”. Т. Соларов обосновава необ- need for more thorough training of its gradu- ходимостта от по-задълбочена подготовка ates, as a result of which in 1904, with an act на своите възпитаници, в резултат на което of the National Parliament, it became the first през 1904 г. със закон на Народното събра- technical secondary school in the country ние училището става първото средно тех- and the duration of training was extended to ническо учебно заведение в страната, като six years. In 1906 the school issued the first срокът на обучение е удължен до шест го- matriculation certificates. In 1910, the first дини. През 1906 г. училището издава пър- building specially designed and erected for вите зрелостни свидетелства. През 1910 г. the needs of the Engineering School to His във Варна е построена първата специално Majesty’s Fleet was built in Varna. проектирана и построена за целта сграда за The unit which remained in Russe was нуждите на Машинното училище при Фло- renamed „Miner and Stoker School” (Miner та на Негово Величество.
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