PENMAN JANUARY
In This Issue Handwriting in Modern Business Training By HAROLD F. HUDSON The Pen—A Mighty Weapon By VIVIAN HEARD Character Training in the Handwriting Lesson "Cheerfulness" is the theme of this month's article.
By CATHERINE BOYLE Writing, Past and Present The Greek Alphabet By C. P. GARD Ornamental Signatures By S. E. BARTOW
and other features
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AMERICAS HANDWRITING MAGAZINE \)>i£ Jf.fl.Palmer Company, Publishers 55 Fiftfi Jlvenue, JVew York^ • mmmmmmmmmmmmmmsm
118 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936
The SUCCESS orf an IDEA Instruction in shorthand is now offered in the public high schools of 9,167 cities and towns in the United States. The following table shows the growth of shorthand in the public schools since 1914.
******** Percentage All Other Date Total Gregg Teaching In 1914 Gregg Shorthand was taught in the Cities Systems high schools of only 986 cities and towns in the Gregg United States. Today instruction in Gregg Short hand is offered in the public high schools of 9,117 1914 1,837 986 851 53.00% 1915 2,113 1,250 863 59.00% municipalities against 50 for all other shorthand 1916 2,414 1,559 855 64.00% systems combined. Since 1914 eight hundred 1917 2,692 1,899 793 70.00% public school communities have discarded the older 1918 2,899 2,171 728 75.00% shorthand systems for Gregg. 1919 3,321 2,652 669 80.00% 1920 3,677 3,053 624 83.00% A further analysis of the above figures reveals 1921 4,101 3,593 508 87.62% 1922 4,329 3,901 428 90.11% that since 1914 courses in commercial education, 1923 4,656 4,243 413 91.13% including courses in Gregg Shorthand, have been 1924 5,009 4,633 376 92.49% added to the curricula of 7,330 high schools— 1925 5,307 4,965 342 93.55% an average of 350 schools each year for the twenty- 1926 5,574 5,292 282 94.94% 1927 5,928 5,706 222 96.25% one year period. 1928 6,287 6,109 178 97.17% 1929 6,687 6,519 168 97.49% Almost without exception Gregg Shorthand is 1930 7,124 7,006 118 98.36% the system selected by high schools starting com 1931 7,454 7,353 101 98.63% mercial departments for the first time. In hun 1932 7,738 7,657 81 98.94% dreds of these schools it was the public demand 1933 8,089 8,015 74 99.07% 1934 8,362 8,294 68 99.19% for instruction in Gregg Shorthand that actually 1935 9,167 9,117 50 99.46% led to the organization of the commercial depart ment. Gregg Shorthand Supported by Service The service extended by The Gregg Publishing Company to schools teaching Gregg Short hand is unequalled by the publishers of any other system. This service includes a staff of expert teachers and demonstrators, a teachers' placement bureau, teachers' handbooks, scientific tests, measuring scales, graphs, charts, and other supplementary laboratory material direct from the modern business office. Gregg service, well known to all schools teaching Gregg Shorthand, has been a tremendous factor in the progress of Gregg Shorthand, now generally recognized as the standard shorthand system for American schools.
THE GREGG PUBLISHING COMPANY New York Chicago Boston San Francisco Toronto London Sydney
SAY You SAW IT IN THE PENMAN January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMAN 119
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SAY You SAW IT IN THE PENMAN 120 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936
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And today the name "Gillott" on a steel pen With a subscription to THE AMERICAN PENMAN stands for the highest in quality. 25c postpaid THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS MERIT YOUR TRIAL— School—Nos. 1066, 1096, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81,91. Flourishing, Ornamental and Fine Commercial Studies in Pen Art Writing—Nos. I, 601 EF, 60IF, 603EF, 603F, 604EF, 604F. Now 50c a copy postpaid Text Lettering — No. 5005 GillMs Pen Pointer, (formerly $1.00) Single Pointed, I to 6 in clusive. H^lMfel .f pen tf hK A subscription to THE AMERICAN PENMAN with copies Jravingi by t^tdhtg twti&j Rustless and Stainless Steel ttluitratrng the Various types of these two books, postpaid, $2.00 Pens — Super Series Nos. sfterfptqu. made possible with 1155, 1158, 1159, 1160, the tkt ,fQtllM Pen, • • . I I II—I I 164, I 167 for general use. Send Send all orders to Send 10c in stamps for samples 35c for tbis^ of any of the above groups. set of drawings. THE AMERICAN PENMAN JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS, Ltd. 55 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK, N. Y. 93 Chambers Street New York City
SAY You SAW IT IN THE PENMAN •
PENMAN FIFTY-SECOND YEAR JANUARY, 1936 VOL. 53, NUMBER FIVE
Table of Contents Must Reports Be Formal? The suggestion that a less formal report be made to parents on the progress of pupils in Concluding Installment of Course in Business Writing school than is represented by the usual "report card" was made recently by a writer in the W. R. Stolte 122 Wisconsin Journal of Education. He says: The Good Writers Club 127 Inaccuracies occur often in the marking of report cards. Even children know that they receive marks Ornamental Signatures and Design S. E. Bartow 128 too high or too low. Report cards are not very fair nor do they give the parents any very valuable infor Handwriting in Modern Business Training mation. They would be much more important if they told how the child behaves socially at school. Harold F. Hudson 129 Children are not benefited by being threatened with failure. Let them be told instead, again and again, Lessons in Engraver's Script R. M. Roudabush 130 that there will be no failures during the term. Make them understand this clearly. Teach them some of The Pen: A Mighty Weapon Vivian Heard 131 the finer things, the little niceties of life, the thought ful thing to do. Papeterie Manufacturer Hits at "Don't Write" Slogan 132 If schools must have report cards let them use some that really measure the child and show how he stands Writing, Past and Present C. P. Gard 133 this month as compared with last month instead of measuring him with his neighbor. Ornamental Capitals fames D. Todd 135 Letters written each month to the parents would Character Training in the Handwriting Lesson hardlv take more time than the old report card. They Catherine Boyle 136 would, however, tell infinitely more. Letters might read something like this: Students Specimen Department 138 My dear Mr. and Mrs.—; I am glad to make this report of Jack's work this month. He has been respectful, helpful, alert, willing and kind. His work is progressing nicely. He still needs a little extra help in remembering the harder combinations of the table of sixes. He has improved in his spelling and in his penmanship The A. N. Palmer Company, Publishers and seems to be taking quite a little pride in doing his work neatly. S. W. Palmer, Editor-in-Cbief Sincerely yours, C. J. Newcomb, Managing Editor Entered as second-class matter October 3, 1912, at the Post Office The article gives other examples of "human at New York, N. Y., under the act of Congress of March 3, 1879. ized" report cards and concludes: This magazine is published monthly except July and August. Subscription rates: What is needed most in school work is pleasure Payable in advance $1.25 a year; two years $2.25; three years $3.00. Club subscriptions— in doing a thing as well as the individual can do it five or more, 75 cents each. Single Copy price—15 cents. and not a nervous attempt to do the thing as well as a neighbor does it. Education should be concerned Change of address: Copies of second-class publications will not be forwarded by the with the prevention of undesirable learning situations. Post Office. Prompt notification should be sent of change of address, giving the old as A new type of report card will help. well as the new address. Expirations: A green slip enclosed with your magazine means that your subscription We must believe that a parent will be more has expired. Fill in name and address on the blank and return to us with remittance pleased to learn that Jack has "improved" his promptly to avoid missing any issues. penmanship than that he has made "57" in Contributions are invited on subjects relating to penmanship and education. All con penmanship or that his penmanship is "below tributions should be accompanied by sufficient postage for their return if not accepted for fair." Let the teacher keep her accurate records publication. The publishers cannot accept responsibility for manuscripts lost or destroyed of pupils' achievement for her own use, and in the mails. give the parent the human facts of the case. Advertising rates given on application. In this way a "failure complex" will be avoided Address all communications to THE AMERICAN PBNMAN, 55 Fifth Avenue, New and continued improvement made easier. York, N. Y. Copyright 1936
121 •
Final Article in a Course of Five Monthly Installments By W. R. Stolte
Drill 80 Drill 81 Return to Drills 6 and 14 and make a thorough review of the Review Drills 5 and 8. Are you finishing capital O correctly? capital and small letter a. The important thing to remember Are you starting it correctly? Study the copy and read the instruc when making a connection from either capital or small letter a tions. Do you close small o? This closing is secured by stopping is that we must touch the base line always before swinging upward at the top of each letter. Capital O should not be connected to for the next letter. Care should be taken to prevent this connecting any small letter. stroke from "rounding out" too much. Retard the motion a little Drill 82 on the down stroke and the curve will straighten slightly. A page Review Drills 7 and 29. Use plenty of the over-motion swing in making the capital and small letter C. or two of the word will be about right before passing on to the next drill. Strive to acquire an easy, rolling, under swing at all Drill 83 times. This may spread your spacing a little but continued practice Review Drills 45 and 59. Small letter d is made with a loop with this in mind will soon develop a control over any spacing finish. Final d is usually ended below the line. Capital D should you desire. not be connected to any small letter.
80
W \s/%s,
81
82
83
122 January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMAN 123
DriU 84 Drill 8,7 Be sure to come to a full stop before making the last down- Review Drills 9 and 12. Be sure to swing the lower part of stroke, otherwise the letter may resemble a poorly formed h. E well to the left and finish with considerable undermotion, other Drill 88 wise the vowel which follows will be too close to the capital. Review Drills 28 and 37. Use considerable curve on the beginning stroke of this letter. This will help to develop a well- Drills 85 and 86 rounded curve at the base line. Come to a full stop before swinging into the letter which follows. See how round you can make the tops of M and N, as well as Drill 89 the small letters. You must let your arm roll very easily with Review Drills 39, 40, 42 and 46. Avoid crossing small g below light, over-under motion. "Miami" is another fine word for the base line. Well rounded, under turns at the base line insure practice. See how well you can write it. even spacing. (f^^
84
85
97*y 77*;?U>-7us9io9u, 7L^7L^9iz^9iuy 86
87
88
89 124 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936
Drill 90 so long as to run into the space for the other letters on the Review Drills 42 and 51. Use plenty of under curve in both line below. the capital and small letter. This should be done quickly and Drill 95 easily. Notice that the top of small p is as tall as small t. Many Review Drills 9, 21 and 60. Begin the capital just below the make it too short. Capital P should not be connected to a small center of the space. Capital L should not be connected to any letter. small letter. Drill 91 Drill 96 Review Drills 27 and 43. The connection from capital R is Review Drills 17 and 52. Be sure that the loop is level at not an easy one and considerable practice will be necessary to the base line and that you finish with a gliding motion below prevent the loop from becoming a point and the top from be the line. coming too narrow. Round it out! Drill 97 Review Drills 48 and 62. Z is the companion letter of capital Drill 92 Q. The second loop rests on the base line but is not quite so Review Drills 22 and 44. Be sure to retrace the downstroke flat as the one in Q. Cross the lower loop at the base line. in order to insure a well rounded top in this letter. If a point occurs where there should be a loop it is an indication that in Drill 98 sufficient over motion has been used in making the top. Small Review Drills 10 and 68. Be sure to begin well below the letter b should always have a retrace for its finish. If this retrace base line. This stroke is nearly straight up. The slant and form is not secured, the following letters, no matter what they may be, of the letter are determined by the roundness of the top. Come will be off slant and incorrectly made. This curve of the beginning to a full stop before'swinging into the small letter which follows. stroke controls the size, shape, slant and spacing of the letters. Drill 99 Drill 93 Review Drills 49 and 69. Slow up on the downstroke of J if Review Drills 41 and 50. Do not make the stem of T too long. the back of this letter has a tendency to curve. The crossing of One half space is about right. Use an over-under swing for the the finishing stroke is best made above the base line to insure an top. Study the form of final t. How many lines are you making easy connection to the following letter. If the crossing is made of each letter group? How many pages of the word? at the line or slightly below it the spacing will be too wide. The small j and vowel connection drill is not an easy one and will Drill 94 require considerable practice to master it. Stop at the top of each Review Drills 41 and 53. Slow up on the downstroke of a small j to avoid a loop and also to prevent the letter from growing tendency to grow too long. Do not let the lower part become too tall.
90
91
92 •T3^M^STS
93 nmm •
January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMAN 125
Drill 100 because you have not yet mastered the turns at the base line which Review Drills 47 and 65. Y is finished like capital J and control this spacing between all letters of this type. started like capital U. Be sure to round out the first part of Drill 102 small y. This has a tendency, to become sharp unless care is taken Review Drills 26 and 64. Be sure to swing the base of this to prevent it. letter well to the left. If a point develops at the base line it is Drill 101 because the top is not wide or round enough. Finish with an easy over motion. The retrace in small x is very important. Review Drills 17 and 63.' Be sure to stop to prevent a loop Practice it thoroughly. The first turn should be round, other at the top of U. The connection is like that in capital A. If the wise the letter may resemble an open o. Capital V should not be spacing varies between capital U and t in the word "Utica" it is connected to any small letter.
94
95
96
97
-c^A^s pjUy^nxX^y
ZL7 98 126 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936
;^;*»w: Drill 103 Drill 104 Review Drills 13 and 66. Capital W is an angular letter; that Review Drills 25 and 67. X is a letter seldom used. It should not be neglected, however. Be sure to round out both the top is, it is pointed at the top and at the bottom, with the exception and bottom of the small letter and do not forget that the crossing of the first stroke, which is round. Study the retrace in small w. is made upward. This type of capital X is seldom connected to Capital W should not be connected to any small letter. any small letter.
100
101
102
.SI/
! 103 ^ rTZZ^^zA TZ^Y-tst I
DDRESSING letters, postcards, and packages to be 5. In writing to firms, the word "Company" should be sent through the mails is one of the most important written in full in such names as "The A. N. Palmer A uses of writing. The address on a letter is the first Company," but may be abbreviated when preceded by "&", impression the receiver gets of his correspondent. Even as "Dow, Jones & Co." more to the point is the fact that a poorly written or care 6. The lines of an address may be written in a vertical less address will defeat its own purpose. As this is being left-hand alignment, or the second line may be indented be written the post office is conducting its annual campaign yond the first, and succeeding lines progressively indented. for more legible and com- 7. The line "Attention plete addresses on Christ of ", a room or mas mail, and in spite of Test Copy for January box number or the instruc these warnings many thou tion "Please forward" may sands of packages and Senior Division, Grades Vll and Vlll be placed in the lower left- letters will not reach their High School and Business College hand corner. " destination because they 8. An individual's name will be carelessly or in should always be preceded completely addressed. Nor From James L. Thomas with the proper title of will all these be returned courtesy. "Mr.," "Mrs." to the sender, because in 43 Summer St. Gardner, Fla. and "Messrs." are abbrevi many cases the return ad ations and should be fol dress will be altogether Mr. Henry Walker lowed by a period. missing or will be likewise 102 Main St. 9. A comma may be used illegible or incomplete. Emporia, Fla. Our test copy for this after each line, except the month is therefore to be last, of an address, or com mas or other punctuation correlated with letter-writ New England Steamship Company ing, or possibly with a unit at the end of lines may be 17 John Street on the postal service. One omitted entirely. question for discussion will New York, N. Y. 10. Never omit the be what constitutes a com name of the state, even for plete and proper address. Junior Division, Grades V and VI New York. Since a three- Naturally all the factors of line address presents a bet good writing are important ter appearance than a two- Miss Catherine Peterson line address, write the in addresses — legibility, 980 Sherbrooke St. alignment, size, spacing, name of the state on the Montreal, Quebec line below the name of the neatness, etc., but in addi Canada tion there are many rules city when there is no street that must be observed, of address required, and in this case do not abbreviate which the following are Stephens, Hope & Co. the most important: the name of any state. 354 East 57th St. When there is a street ad 1. Spell all names cor New York, N. Y. dress the name of the state rectly, and be accurate in Attention of Mr. Henry Graham should appear on the same copying street numbers. line with the city. 2. Do not omit the word Primary Division, Grades III and IV It is suggested that the "Street" or "Avenue" or practice of addresses would "Place" or "Road" as the Mrs. George R Gray be a good time for teachers case may be. The same to test the ability of pupils city may have a Washing 164 Kent Ave. Spring City, Mich to write without guide ton St., a Washington lines. Envelopes rarely Avenue and a Washington have any guide lines, and Place. many will find difficulty in 3. The correct abbreviation for the state should be used writing on a straight line on an envelope. Of course, (names of states with five letters or less should not be envelopes are too expensive to be used for practice pur abbreviated) and the name of the country should also be poses, but unruled paper may easily be cut to the size of used if the letter is to go to a foreign country. an envelope and used. These addresses may be submitted 4. The return address should be placed in the upper left for membership purposes written on unruled paper, but hand corner, never on the back of the envelope or package. this is not a necessary requirement. 127 Ornamental Signatures and Design by S. E. Bartow
1
128 •H •
Handwriting in Modern Business Training The Business School's Obligations and Objectives in Penmanship. By Harold F. Hudson
.OBABLY the finest contribution a penmanship class As we tend toward a world culture, dead languages are can make to business is to train good writers. Certainly less important and we find ourselves, as teachers, stressing Fthat should be its first objective. The demand for social values not even dreamed of a few decades ago. The good penmen has been accentuated by modern business leaders of every generation find it necessary to adjust them practice. Even the machines that have been held out as selves to the needs and demands of the times. Education reason or excuses for poor handwriting emphasize this need. can serve best if its leaders recognize real situations and It is, of course, true that much of our writing is now train students to meet these situations. Such a philosophy done mechanically, but the machine age has brought about boiled down simply means that teachers will be honest and such an expansion of business that the amount of hand sincere in their efforts to give each subject its rightful place work, along with the total volume of writing, has been in our present educational program. It also assumes that increased. For instance, a great organization like the in so classifying a subject all known values will be con du Pont Company, uses machines for much of its writing, sidered. but certainly it requires more handwork now than it did Let us attempt* to evaluate "writing as a subject^ and con 40 years ago. Even a few hours in any typical business sequently to determine its proper place in today's program. office would convince anyone that there is much hand With such knowledge, we can more readily devote our writing to do, and certainly such an experience would give classes to the higher needs of business. a teacher a finer conception of the work that lies before During the past quarter of a century, much has been him in training young people for business. said about cultural and vocational values in education; A closer examination of our problem as penmanship These terms, however, do not seem to cover handwriting teachers will reveal the fact that the machine has set up specifically. Perhaps, we should think of the benefits of new standards of accuracy which must be observed even this subject as direct and indirect. It was a favorite custom in handwriting. Work that might have been acceptable of the older teachers in the business colleges to file speci some years ago would look shabby in the light of present mens of work that were done by the students when they standards. Machines have not only accelerated business entered school in order that they might be contrasted with but they have brought about a precision and refinement that the work at the end of the course. This same plan has is remarkable. Our present age is one of technique and been resorted to by modern teachers, with the result that skill that expresses entirely new values in human imagina the direct benefits of the work are unmistakably shown tion and aspiration. even to the casual observer. Let us consider a modern office as an intelligence center from which a great industry is planned and motivated to Results of Achievement create a product of accuracy and perfection. Everything is The student who learns to write well acquires a practical in order even to the highly polished 14-karat gold art that will make him more valuable as an office employee fountain pen that seems to symbolize the precision of its and a personal service asset that he can realize upon surroundings. In such an atmosphere, it is hard to conceive throughout life. It would be folly to raise the question of anything but good writing. And that is the atmosphere as to whether or not a person could be a good office worker into which, our students or" business are expected to go without the ability to write well. As a matter of fact, we when they leave us. What a challenge to us as teachers, know, in many cases, that he could. It is marvelous how and what a profound responsibility! well people overcome handicaps, and it is fortunate that First of all, we must help our students establish for they do. Success, however, is based upon attainment. The themselves a goal. To do this, we must give them a greater a man's accomplishments, the greater will be his perspective of the world in which they must live. With a opportunities for personal success and service to others. knowledge of human institutions and with a purpose to It behooves everyone, therefore, to make as much as serve them, the student will be self-motivated. Without possible of his talents and training. A good handwriting such motivation, very little permanent good can result from is certainly one of the things to which everyone should the study of handwriting or any other subject. aspire not merely because of what he can get out of it in dollars and cents, but also, because it is a mark of refine Handwriting as an Applied Subject ment and culture. Individuals are putting the stamp of In too many instances, teachers have presented writing their own personalities more than ever upon their work; as an end in itself without showing its application to every consequently, business will be ennobled and uplifted ac day life. This is obviously a gross mistake. Only the artist cording to our individual achievements. or the genius can pursue any subject for its own sake, and The English poet, William Cowper, once said, "Great certainly the rank and file of our splendid young people offices are filled by great talents." This is another way of cannot be classed as either. In other cases, teachers have saying big things are not done by little people. A man so obviously exaggerated the importance of good writing might just as well try to lift himself by his own boot straps that students have naturally doubted their sincerity. as to do something that is bigger than himself. The only Writing, like all other studies, must stand or fall on its true measure of a man is his accomplishments. Scripture own merits. In an age and in a country where Latin was says, "By their works ye shall know them.'' the language of the courts and when nearly every important Since a man's works cannot exceed his capacity, the first manuscript was in Latin, certainly, it was necessary for problem is to develop his capacity. We do not teach every scholar to master the subject. subjects. We teach human beings; boys and girls, men 129 130 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936
and women. In this teaching process, we give them infor possessed. He acquires self-control. He has the grand mation that they can use. The more skilled they become experience of working on his own initiative. Such thinking in using this knowledge, the greater will be their capacity. and acting give an individual purpose. He ceases to drift, It is more important to present values to our students and moves under his own power. He becomes the kind of than mere subjects whether it be a class in penmanship or man business needs. in higher mathematics. These values should be taught as Analysis, even as brief as the one in which we have just they relate to life. The teachers of mathematics or science engaged, suggests the intensity of any single subject and may feel that they have more important values to present, more particularly penmanship. It stresses the wisdom and but let us analyze the situation and see. necessity of presenting principles and values of penman Handwriting is a universal means of communication ship in its relation to life. Our main objective is to among civilized people everywhere; and, because of this, develop within the student a capacity for achieving. Pen it is primarily a social study. Any attempt to present the manship must not be offered as an isolated subject. Good subject, omitting its social aspects, will result in missing writers can be trained only as the result of coordinated and one of the main objectives of the course. It is, indeed, correlated effort. Fine pen work, like any other art, is the hard to think of a subject that will any more readity product only of trained human attributes. Our penmanship stimulate a social consciousness than handwriting if it is class will make its best contribution to business when we properly presented. This same social consciousness will in dedicate it to the task of developing these attributes. turn accentuate the student's desire to write. All worthy people give their time and energies to' the welfare of others. Men are motivated by a desire to serve, to engage in all sorts of endeavors—business, art, science, and politics. We observe countless conventions for the sake of others. Writing is one of the conventions. It would be difficult to overextol the artistic values of writing. We should endeavor to transmit to our students an appreciation of form, color, and music. Writing is a splendid device with which to do a great deal of this. Business demands such qualities, and our handwriting will be greatly improved by them. The student cannot write well without developing a fine sense of balance, propor tion, and slant, and he must learn to evaluate curves and angles. The coordinating experience of arranging words, sentences, and paragraphs on a page awakens within the writer an innate sense of music and poetry. Winners of final handwriting awards in St. Anthony's School, Its Place in Education Syracuse, N. Y. These seventh grade pupils are under the instruc tion of the Sisters of St. Joseph The study of handwriting is a highly cultural experience. Like any other art, it touches our finer sensibilities and stirs our love of the beautiful. If we observe the products of modern industry, we cannot help but see a new conception Lessons in Engraver's Script of beauty and refinement expressed in them. Many of our By R. M. Roudabush young people in commercial schools who will enter this new world of beauty will be denied the more conventional LESSON NO. 16 stimulus that results from the purely academic courses. They will, therefore, be that much more dependent upon TUDY the beginning stroke, the shade and the finish their penmanship teachers. ing loop of C. Note that the letter begins with a In the days when we were blindly following the beaten S downstroke. Do not bring the loop too close to paths of classical education, someone raised the question, this beginning stroke. why we should study certain dead languages, and worn-out The slightly compound shaded downstroke in D may customs and traditions. Immediately, the student was told give some trouble. Note the very flat loop and the almost that such studies developed the reasoning powers. Today, circular stroke which completes the letter. Strive for uni of course, we realize that any organized study accomplishes formity in making letters. this purpose. The individual who attempts to become a Spacing between small letters is of the greatest import penman without organized study is bound to meet with ance. Try ruling vertical lines on the paper as a guide to disappointment. Constructive efforts along these lines will more accurate spacing. enrich the student's background for business. ' If you find the shades difficult return to the earlier install Patient effort and perseverance are important factors in ments in this series and practice the elementary strokes. developing successful business men and good penmen. You will doubtless need to retouch most shades, but with Hours of intelligent practice and study will give expression practice you will find that many can be made perfectly on to faculties that the individual never before knew he the first try.
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The Pen: A Mighty Weapon A Playlet Suitable for a Handwriting Assembly Program. By Vivian Heard
SCENE: The lobby of a French hotel. be on the thoroughfare where there are good hotels and TIME: Now. good food. CHARACTERS: (Dave looks up and recognizes them. He stands, but is GEORGE BAXTER—Young American Traveler. unobserved. He waits for the couple to finish.) DAVE READE—George's traveling companion and DAVE: Hello there! I thought you two were touring the villages of Italy and Spain. At least, there's where chum. you were headed for. (Greetings and handshaking.) MR. AND MRS. CARSON—Americans traveling in MR. CARSON: Dave Reade! Well, well! We were, Europe. but the food was rotten! Terrible! You can't eat palaces HOTEL MANAGER. and bull-fights. Irene would rather sight-see than eat. PORTER. MRS. CARSON: We're going to stay here for a week and MAID. then go to Germany so George can test the food there. (As the scene opens, Dave is seen examining the contents (Sarcasm). of his pockets. As- he pulls the articles from his pockets, MR. CARSON: Didn't you have a traveling companion? he talks to himself.) You know, that college friend. Where is he? DAVE: Passport, watch, billfold, two hundred dollars MRS. CARSON: Yes, where is he? . . . And me with a return ticket to America to buy; I DAVE: He went around the corner to cash a cheque. have to get some cash! Immediately! I have to live for He'll be back very soon. two weeks before I go home again . . . George will have MR. CARSON: Let's have dinner together. to lend me some . . . After all, he was the one who MRS. CARSON: Let's get settled in our room first. This wanted to see the highways and byways of Europe instead porter must be tired holding our bags. of going on the conducted tour with all expenses budgeted (Exit Mr. and Mrs. Carson at left. George comes in at ... I might have known that any half-witted, romantic right almost immediately.) notions George had were sure to go stale. He'll have to GEORGE (Very much disturbed): They can't do this to advance me some money! . . . He's got plenty. me! I'll see the American consul. This is an outrage! (George enters breezily.) DAVE (Unconcernedly opens a paper and calmly pre GEORGE: Hello! Don't tell me you're on time! tends to read): What's an outrage? Who are "they"? What's the matter? Anything wrong? GEORGE : Express agents! The agents! They refuse to DAVE: Plenty! I've just taken stock of my possessions. cash my traveling cheques! I have just enough money to get back to the U.S.A. DAVE: Why? The cheques are just as good as money. I have to live here two weeks before returning. On what GEORGE : Don't you see ? I had to sign my name before I don't know. Here's where you come in. You're going an agent in New York. But when I signed before this to lend me $100. bonehead here, the signatures were different. He won't GEORGE: That's just where I don't come in! You've trust me! You know that I can sign my name in five spent your money; now it's gone. If you don't get back thousand different ways. No two signatures are the same, to the U.S., no Statue of Liberty will weep for you. ever. However, he did say that if I can produce three DAVE: A nice pal you are! You'd never think that we people who will swear that I'm myself and put up some were college pals. After all, you were the one who wanted kind of bond, I can get my cheque cashed. That's where to see France without a set schedule. I had to spend my you come in! money to keep up with you. You have ready money DAVE (Rising unconcernedly with hands in pockets): besides travelers' cheques to draw. That's just where I don't come in! I'm going back to GEORGE (Remembering): Thanks for reminding me! America on the first boat while I've money enough. All my cash is gone. I have to get to the express agent GEORGE (Sputtering): But . . . but what will I do? and get a cheque cashed. I want to cross the Channel I have no money and I'll be stranded with no way to get before sailing. I'll have to hurry or I won't have any home! money. DAVE: Well, no Statue of Liberty will weep for you! (George leaves. Dave is considerably depressed. His GEORGE: Something's got to be done. (Hopefully). head is resting on his hands as a couple enter the lobby. I'll speak to the manager. Maybe he can suggest some He does not look up until Mr. Carson speaks later. The thing. porter is balancing the numerous bags—six in all. His (Hails passing maid). Say, maid . . . get me the head cannot be seen.) manager. (She does not comprehend but shrugs). The MRS. CARSON (Enthusiastically looking around): Isn't manager . . . Big Boss . . . Big Shot . . . (makes motions it romantic to leave the path of the regular tourists and in the air suggesting a large, important man). find a hotel where few Americans come! It's so near the MAID: Encore, sil vous plait. (George repeats gestures). Left Bank where we can observe the real Paris underworld (Comprehension comes and the maid with a "Oui, je com- night-life! prends" retires). MR. CARSON: I bet they have rotten food. Just like a GEORGE: See! I've a system that will work in any woman to think how romantic traveling can be! I'd rather language and will convey any idea. 131 BUB
132 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936
(Maid returns dragging the unwilling porter who is culous into the serious. Until now, when I find my poor rather stout and tall. George stands aghast while Dave writing is expensive, I never cared. I'm going to select grins.) the best of my many signatures and practice it. Then I'll I'll get him myself. (George leaves with the maid and use that the rest of my life. I'll see you in the morning. porter trailing him and saying "Stupide! Etes tres . . . (Exit). Stupides!) MR. CARSON: America ... in a few weeks where we DAVE (To the departed George): Yes, your systems can get decent food! That reminds me, Irene, it's past always work! our dinner hour. (Mr. and Mrs, Carson enter.) MRS. CARSON (Exasperated with the continual talk of MR. CARSON: Did your friend return? food): There's a cafe down the street. MRS. CARSON: If he didn't, we can wait a little while MR. CARSON : Let's go! before going to dinner. (They seat themselves. George DAVE (to Mr. Carson): Food seems to be as much a enters, followed by an excited and gesticulating Frenchman necessity to you as legible penmanship is to George. who constantly interrupts.) MRS. CARSON: You're right. One fortifies himself with GEORGE (Harassed): Call him off will you ? (He does food and the other—well, I've heard the pen's a mighty not see the Carsons.) The manager insists that I pay my weapon. bill. He thinks I'm trying to dodge it. Explain, will you? (Dave shows the manager his billfold with the two Papeterie Manufacturer Hits hundred dollars inside. The manager is very much pleased and bows himself out.) at "Don't Write" Slogan GEORGE (Noticing the Carsons for the first time.): Why HE National Stationer in its current number has an didn't you tell me the Carson's were here? Saved! Now T illustration and story telling of the onslaught of the I have three people to identify me so I can get my cheque Eaton Paper Company, leading manufacturers of cashed! papeteries and all kinds of quality writing papers, against MR. CARSON: Identify you? (Reflecting). How can the "Don't Write—Telegraph!" slogan of Western Union. we identify you? Really, we know you only as a friend The article follows: of Dave's. We saw you with Mr. Reade for the first time Eaton Says, "Why Waste Money to Telegraph?" on the boat. There, he introduced us. We have set up in our office a very wonderful and MRS. CARSON: Yes, how can we identify you? beautiful display by the Eaton Paper Company devoted GEORGE: But . . . but I went to college with Dave. toward building a consciousness of the written message DAVE: Hold on! I don't have to identify you. How into the minds of the American people. do I know who you are? You could say you were anyone; The display is about four feet high, shows a globe back I wouldn't know. ground carrying the slogan at the top, "Why Waste Money GEORGE (Sinks to the divan): What am I going to to Telegraph?" Below that, "Eaton's Highland Linen do ? I'm stranded here in a land where people can't under Writing Paper will carry your thoughts post haste with stand you. (Disgustedly). economy, privacy and personal warmth." DAVE (Oratorically to the Carson's, glancing sidewards The balance of the display is made up of an illustration to see the effect on George.): Isn't it wonderful to come of a U. S. Mail Plane with a very beautiful girl pilot to a hotel where few tourists ever come! Where you can standing in front, also illustrations of a Trans-Atlantic be near the Paris underworld-life! . . . Where you can Liner and an air line train with the slogan at the bottom, get the romanticism of the people in your blood. Where "The written message means so much more." you can stay as long as your fancy desires. (Disgustedly). This is an extremely important campaign. It seems to After all, it was your idea. us in that it is sane and obvious. In these days of speed GEORGE (Abjectly): But what am I going to do? many people have got to thinking that it is necessary to DAVE: Well, there's something you can do. wire when it is possible to write a letter, place it in the air mail and have it reach its destination almost as quickly GEORGE (Springing to his feet): What? What is it? as the wire would and the written message is so much DAVE: I asked for a loan this afternoon. A hundred dollars. Remember? I'll be stranded myself in a few more personal and close and comprehensive. days. We will keep our readers in touch with the progress of GEORGE: YOU want a loan? Oh, I'll g^ve you that. this campaign as it goes on and we commend it as a That is, if you'll have your friends identify me. progressive move. DAVE: YOU would have got off much cheaper this morning; but the price is raised. All traveling expenses for the next two weeks and $100. GEORGE: I won't do it! DAVE: O.K. Stranded here . . . GEORGE: Oh, I'll do it. . . It's highway robbery, never theless. MR. CARSON (Rising): We'll see that the money is paid. But it's too late to go to the office now. We'll go in the morning. Let's eat. It's my treat. GEORGE : Thank you for the invitation but I have a pressing engagement that will not allow me time to eat. These boys and girls won prizes in the writing contest held in Sorry. connection with the Farmers' and Fruit Growers' Fair of Venango MR. CARSON: I thought you were hungry! County, Pa. last October. They are from all grades of the Reno Elementary School and they won all but seven of the awards GEORGE : / was. I'm going upstairs to practice writing contested for by pupils all over the county. Mrs. Grace J. Sheasley my signature. This penmanship has got out of the ridi is principal of the school. Writing, Past and Present Ninth Article in a Series on the Origin and Progress of Writing. By C. P. Gard
CHAPTER IX this the classic alphabet of Greek literature. It was from the Western type that the Roman alphabet later developed, The Greek Alphabet as it was Chalcidian colonists who settled in Italy. At first the Greeks used the Phoenician letters without HILE we can with reason doubt the truth of many any changes either in letter forms, direction of writing or W of the things related as facts by the Greek historian phonetic values. However, the Greeks were of an experi Herodotus (B.C. 484-425) we must believe him mental turn of mind, and they moreover had ideas of when he says that "the Phoenicians introduced writing into Greece, and at first the Greeks shaped their letters exactly ^A23 443^2010 A 320<*3®V313>l/v\0 like the Phoenician letters." Because the Phoenicians were CS/WOl'E/VC POASKAM/WEAAE/VASA great traders and because their alphabet was very necessary q3®VS-- OTOTAM>1A>l2AATA>ie3AA>t3 to them in carrying on their commerce, it naturally became OAE K A/ATA TErPAA7V\TO AO TO CEAT 2AMAAAAOTAAA>IAa2A2A>ft3AA» T03 known to those with whom they had most contact—the A Hellenic peoples of the Aegean islands and the mainland £A/TAS/ATPS ASA/vv&PAS/v\A'' l2AAA>l23MA •• dW\ of Greece. These peoples lived in a great number of EI* E V® E PO/WTATEPATOAO r C KA/ politically independent city-states, and because of lack of A4A*\A2^)AAAT/V\A>I33/V\AS3VAA/ V\A intercommunication and the lack of intellectual supremacy AA/v\ESTOAEKPCWOTOA'AS /AT on the part of any one state, a number of variants of the OT202V\V\AA2A V\3V\2
Ancient Greek inscription, showing letters with close resemblances precision and beauty which led them early to try to improve to those of Phoenician alphabet. the form of the Phoenician letters and to make them more fitted to express the phonetic values of their already highly However, about five hundred years before Christ, the developed language. Their experiments in direction of city-state of Athens became supreme among the various writing seem to have been aimed at discovering a method Hellenic states in the many arts which have given to this of writing which would be continuous, as we find speci period in Greek history the name of the "Classic Age." mens of early Greek writing done in circles, with the The states and colonies of Greece already had developed characters proceeding spirally outward, and also many speci some sense of national unity by this time, and two main mens of boustrophedon writing, in which the first and odd types of the Greek alphabet had emerged—the Chalcidian, lines are written from right-to-left and the second and even or Western and the Ionian or Eastern types. Athens chose lines left-to-right. This method was especially complicated the Ionian alphabet for her own use, and thereby made because the characters were reversed in form depending on whether they were written on an odd or even line. Eventually, however, the left-to-right writing on each suc ceeding line was universally adopted, and the characters became stabilized in form, many of them however having been reversed in form from their old Phoenician prototypes. But the most significant contribution that the Greeks i fc rr^+orv made to the alphabet was to select certain letters to which they assigned definite vowel sounds. The Phoenician alpha ki T V(D^* bet, as we have seen, had no letters for the vowels, and this defect was transmitted to all other alphabets derived from the Phoenician. Our alphabet today might well be deficient in letters for indicating vowel sounds had it not ACAA^/^ror been for the improvements made by the Greeks. The One form of early Greek alphabet, and on the last line, the word Greek vowels as they finally developed were alpha (a), "Agamemnon" in early characters. epsilon (short e), eta (long e), iota (i), omicron (short 133 134 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936
Greek Phonetic hoenician Greek Phoenician Greek Greek Phonetic Name Value Name Value
alpha a < A 6 A lambda B beta b M r gamma g > N A A delta d E epsilon e f O ^ o y n pi zn z zeta z H eta e * © e theta th p rho t i iota i w z sigma / K kappa k X T tau
T upsilon oo, u
Showing the development of the Greek letters from the Phoenician, and the sup 0 phi f plementary letters added by the Greeks. X chi k Y psi ps
n\ omega
o), upsilon (u, oo) and omega (long o). The first five reason. When most of the writing was done on stone the were letters of the Phoenician alphabet. The Greeks early traditional form of the capitals was kept, but when lengthy added upsilon and at a later date the last letter of their manuscripts were copied the tendency to change the forms alphabet, omego. They also supplied letters of their own little by little was very strong, and some letters became to express the phonetic values ph (phi), ch (chi) and ps longer than others, some lost one or more parts and alto (psij. On the other hand, three letters of the Phoenician gether a new alphabet came into being. alphabet, vau, q'oph and tsade, fell into disuse in classic The changes which the Greeks wrought in the old Phoe Greek and only two of them were brought back into the nician letters were all designed to give more unity, balance Roman alphabet to survive as our modern F and Q. and beauty to their writing. Alpha, which in Phoenician In the alphabet which finally was adopted by the Athen lay on its side, the Greeks put upright, and they also ians we see that about half of the letters are identical with balanced and straightened the cross-bar. Beta was given letters in our own alphabet, although they vary in phonetic two equal rounded lobes and a vertical back. Gamma, values, while the other half do not resemble the corre which in some varieties of the Greek alphabet came to be sponding letters which we received from the Romans. Nor identical with our C, retained the angular form of the do we see, in the Greek miniscule letters, any great resem Phoenician. Delta, likewise in some alphabets the exact blance to our own small letters. These miniscules do not prototype of our D kept to the triangular shape of the date from the classic age, but developed during the period Phoenician character, although losing the continuation of when Greek was the written language of learned scholars the one stroke. In examining the letters of the Greek and monks. As we shall see when we study the beginnings alphabet we are struck by the fact that the letters, as com of our own small letters, these developed as much from pared with our own, are predominantly angular in shape, the need for simplification and speed as for any other having only eight curved letters out of twenty-four, while January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMAN 135 our own has eleven out of twenty-six letters with curved although with the study of the Roman alphabet we shall lines. The harmony of the written line depends to a great be on more familiar ground, we shall be far from the end extent on the balance of curved and straight strokes, so of this important study. that to some extent the Greek alphabet is deficient in this respect. We cannot but feel that gamma, delta, pi and sigma are inferior in appearance to our C or G, D, P and S. ANEOHKET We must not, however, find fault with what the Greeks did not do, but praise the artistic sense and technical skill which enabled them to make so many improvements in the A0HNAIHIPOAIAAI Two lines of an inscription from the Temple of Minerva in alphabet which had been handed down to them. In the Prienne, Ioniaia,. Thimis inscriptiomsuipuun dateuaies iiufrom abouauuuti thuiec thiruuidu century monuments of the classic age we find letters that impress B.C. and is a finefine examol example ooff classiclassic GreeGreek writing..
y 8 E t", i] 0 i A Problems o 71 Q c T v
An ornamental alphabet by James D. Todd, Salt Lake City, Utah Character Training in the Handwriting Lesson Fifth in a Series of Character Activities in Handwriting. By Catherine Boyle HEERFULNESS is usually thought of more as a part of one's natural C disposition than as an acquired character trait. Yet cheerfulness is just as much of a habit as are courtesy and neatness, acquired by learning and experi ence. Conversely, the habits of pouting, bad temper, self-pity and "defeatism" are likewise acquired by the wrong kind of learning and experience. The habit of cheerfulness is indispensable to a balanc ed character and is one of the most important in the development of per sonality. Opportunities for eliciting a cheerful response to a situation arise in every phase of school and home life, and the handwriting lesson is not lacking in situations in which pupils may be stimu lated to adopt a cheerful and enthusiastic attitude rather than a bored and fretful one. In this connection it is important to note that the cheerful worker learns much better than the unhappy one, so that a cheerful attitude is essential if we are to get the most from any lesson. Cheerfulness In Doing Our Work: 1. We must be cheerful in doing mo notonous tasks. We must not fret when called upon to practice a certain drill until we show improvement. Handwrit ing, like spelling, music and other sub jects, sometimes requires monotonous re petition if we are to achieve success. Life itself has many such monotonous tasks which we shall not be able to escape. Approached in the right spirit, drill need not be altogether boring and dreary. If we reflect on the sense of satisfaction it H. Armstrong Roberts will g,ive us to have mastered something 'We Must Be Cheerful we shall find it asy to adopt a cheerful attitude toward only satisfaction we need is the knowledge that we have the less interesting phases of our handwriting lesson. done our best. 2. We must be cheerful when called upon to do un 5. We must be cheerful in the knowledge that we are satisfactory work over again. If we were hurried and making slow progress^ Impatience will dull our enthusiasm careless in writing a paper we should be glad of the oppor for our work and make us lose interest and look elsewhere tunity to do our best on the second try. Unless we do for some easy task in which we can achieve some degree such things with a cheerful attitude, there is danger that of perfection in a shorter time. Such easy tasks are likely our second try will show even worse results, with resulting to be not worth while, and yet when we tire of them we conflict. may find it hard to recapture any enthusiasm for the thing 3. We must be cheerful when faced with the realization we dropped as too hard. that we have failed. Impatience and dissatisfaction will 6. We must be cheerful in working with others, in delay the renewal of our efforts to succeed. Note that we doing our share of work and in agreeing to the wishes do not say that we must be contented with the realization of others, even though they may not be our own wishes. that we have failed, but cheerful. To be contented with If we are asked to assume leadership and responsibility we failure would show a lamentable lack of ambition and must do this cheerfully too, without trying to be "bossy" pride in achievement. To be cheerful about failure gives or bullying. us a head start on the road of perseverance. 7. We must be cheerful when working alone. To be 4. We must be cheerful although we do not reach "the morose and unhappy when left alone is to show that we top". If we have done our best we have done all we can. have no resources within ourselves. One who appreciates If we realize we set such high standards for ourselves that the benefits of a certain amount of solitude will be cheerful we could reach mem, we need not be discouraged. The whether or not he is surrounded by friends. 136 January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMA N 137
Poems and Stories A Smile Let others cheer the winning man, Get a Transfer There's one I hold worth while; If you are on the Gloomy Line, 'Tis he who does the best he can, Get a transfer. Then loses with a smile. If you're inclined to fret and pine, Beaten he is, but not to stay Get a transfer. Down with the rank and file; Get off the track of doubt and gloom, That man will win some other day, Get on the Sunshine Track—there's room- Who loses with a smile. Get a transfer. A man's reach should exceed his grasp If you're on the Worry Train, Or what's a Heaven for? Get a transfer. You must not stay there and complain, Browning. Get a transfer. The Cheerful Cars are passing through, Story for Discussion (A Real Newspaper Story) And there's lots of room for you— Joseph , 14 years old, who ran away from his Get a transfer. home, 54 St., this city, last Saturday, because he If you're on the grouchy track, was ashamed of the poor marks he had received in school, Get a transfer. was found cold and hungry last night by Patrolman Just take a Happy Special back, in a lot in Avenue near here. The boy was Get a transfer. recovering today from frost-bitten feet and other effects of Jump on the train and pull the rope, four days' exposure. His mother said she did not blame That lands you at the station Hope— Joseph for his low grades and said that he need not have Get a transfer. feared punishment from his parents. Questions. Did Joseph cause more concern to his parents Smile by his low marks or oy disappearance and illness? Has Smile, and the world smiles with you; he made it any easier for himself to secure higher marks in "Knock," and you go it alone; the future? How could he have avoided such a feeling For the cheerful grin will let you in about his standing? Have you ever heard of similar cases, Where the "kicker" is never known. with even more serious results?
New American Certificates of Proficiency
"The finest award for proficiency in handwriting" — The American Penman Certificate of Proficiency, has now been made available in the folder style illustrated. The folder is of maroon leatherette, imprinted with a silver seal, and encloses a dignified certificate lettered with the names of the student, school and teacher. Pupils qualifying for this award are offered their choice of the former large certificate or the new style. The requirements for the award will be sent to interested teachers on request. C?\dZl^?^7^&L-^ ax,*?-? . V&
3-,* ¥.£.#4 J^^-^a^y Q/U^e^ C^L-^^tZZs. //t^L^^is //Z^; Good seventh grade writing from the Woodlawn School, Birmingham, Ala. Miss May Morgan is the teacher and Miss Mary Poore is the supervisor of handwriting sJ^^^^^->^^- /yzJLz^ ^>^^^^ Written by a Good Writers Club member in the Bridgeport, Texas, Public Schools. Miss Zelma Holland is the teacher Sixth grade writing by a boy in the Seymour St. School, Auburn, N. Y. Miss Elizabeth A. Frayer is the teacher 138 January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMAN 139 Written by pupils in the Logan School, Benton, 111. Mrs. Vinita Ward is the handwriting teacher ^-^T^-TU^TZ^C^T^ J^U^AJJLA*^^ y^o-c^j-^ ^ 2£S -^m£AZesy%^- -^d^Cc Written by a Good Writers Club member in the Buford, Ga., Schools. Miss Gladys Hines is the teacher of handwriting. ^S^T 7 f 3 7 ju^3 jj-^ Good figures from an examination for The American Penman Certificate of Proficiency prepared by Henry Ledaire, School of Commercial Sciences, Woonsocket, R. I. Mr. Earl V. O'Dell is the teacher 140 THE AMERICAN PENMA January, 1936 *^e^L-^-^t~^&, >=r ^^^A-^^L^c^Cy ~--/^-^L^ Clipped from an examination for The American Penman Certificate of Proficiency. Marion Burns is a student in the Camden, N. T., Commercial College, "under the instruction of L. W. Heiser _-<^Z^^A<^ &l Sixth grade writing by a boy in the Seymour St. School, Auburn, N. Y. Miss Elizabeth A. Frayer is the teacher J&t&rz^t xJhzJUri'&f ^At^-^a. ^37 ^t£> C7»-& '^J./^LX, 7274,, n^^^^rrJ ^L*a J J&ss 6^n^-^c**^. .J^CZZZe. m-*££&&4S^m\\\£&t>9?, ~s222£A*£j<7 SWT*C/L<7L/ ^£Z£UC> ^-x**4*~xst*4( Pages from three examinations for The American Penman Certificate of Proficiency prepared by pupils in the Grand Island, Nebr., Business College. Mr. L. E. McDonough is the teacher of handwriting and Mr. A. L. Dunn is principal of the college. HHHHIHII^H January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMAN 141 News Notes "THE GOOD OLD DAYS" ^ not here yet, but apparently they Miss Hannah Temple, recently are coming. This is written Decem graduated from Skidmore College, ber 2. During November, we were asked to fill positions in New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Virginia, New York, Alabama, and California. Saratoga Springs, N. Y., is a new Two of these positions were filled by recent registrants. The others, by those some commercial teacher in the High School time on our available list. We need more available teachers, especially those with at Chautauqua, N. Y. the M. A. degree. May we help you? Norman C. Hall of Dalton, Mass., THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY has recently accepted a position with (A Specialty by a Specialist) Coleman College, Newark, N. J. E. E. GAYLORD, Mgr. SARGENT AVENUE - BEVERLY, MASS. Miss Mary Frances Hoyt is a new teacher of shorthand in Wood's COLE-COWAN TEACHERS AGENCY, MARION, IND. School, Washington, D. C. Employers and teachers find our service satisfactory. ' Write us what you want. Good money-making schools for sale. Information cheerfully given. Handwriting Awards for Business Schools Q PENMANSHIP SUPERVISORS AND COMMERCIAL TEACHERS The following honor students in WE PLACE YOU IN BETTER POSITIONS H w business have been awarded certificates Photo copies made from original, 25 for $1.50. Copyrighted Booklet "How to a <-> Apply and Secure Promotion," with Laws of Certification of Western States, etc., and medals in handwriting by the PI 6? etc., free to members, 50c to non-members. Every teacher needs it. National Association of Accredited ROCKY MOUNTAIN TEACHERS' AGENCY, Wm. iw&r, Ph. D., Manager Commercial Schools at their headquar 410 U. S. NATIONAL BANK BUILDING, DENVER, COLORADO ters during the period from December We Enroll Only Normal and College Graduates 15, 1934 to August 1, 1935: Penmanship Certificates Anne Aberg, Lorraine Knapp, Cath ROBERT M. ROUDABUSH erine Snyder — Brown's Business Col PENMANSHIP lege, Rockford, Illinois. 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Benson, Aleitha Kraar, Dorothy Del- Engrosser and Penman ger, John Buchanan—Nettleton Com 595 East 167th Street, Bronx, N. Y. The Zanerian College of Testimonials, Resolutions, Charters, Card mercial College, Sioux Falls, South Writing and also Diplomas engrossed at Penmanship Dakota. reasonable prices. Contracts also taken for engrossing at low rates. Envelopes Dept. A. P. Columbus, Ohio Penmanship Medals addressed in ornamental style. Pauline Arrasmith, Russell Chase, Beatrice Larson, Hazel Merriam, Robert Carr—Capital City Commercial College, Des Moines, Iowa. Everett W. Hanson, Miss W. Van Veldhuizen, Margaret Brandt, June Byg, Eleanore Knutson, Lois Schermer horn, Lynn Loomis, Viola Kettering, Eleanor Crangle, Ray Scott, Genevieve THE PALMER METHOD OBLIQUE PENHOLDER Mansheim, Mildred L. Zender— This ideal oblique penholder, unequalled for ornamental writing, will also be Nettleton Commercial College, Sioux very helpful to you in the perfection of your business writing. If you have never used an oblique holder the smoother writing it makes possible will be a revelation to Falls, South Dakota. you. Each, postpaid, 10c; 2 for 15c; per dozen, postpaid 60c. Address office nearest you. More Books For Illinois THE A. N. PALMER COMPANY, 55 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y.; Governor Horner of Illinois recentiy 2128 Calumet Avenue, Chicago, 111.; Terminal Sales Bldg., Portland, Ore. signed an act to appropriate $600,000 for the purchase of books and per 1 dozen in Ornamental writing, 20c. AGENTS iodicals for approximately 270 public VISITING CARDS WANTED. Agent's Outfit furnished free with an libraries in the state. Book funds of order for a dozen or more cards. It is easy to take orders with this outfit. Liberal Illinois libraries had been reduced commission. BLANK CARDS. Linen, Vellum, and Colored; samples on request. more than 50 per cent, during the last TEVIS' INK TONER, a powder for making liquid to mix with ink for black shades and hair lines, 25c. four years while the use of libraries Box 25-B T. M. T E V I S Chillicothe, Mo. increased 20 per cent. SAY YOU SAW IT IN THE PENMAN 142 THE AMERICAN PENMAN January, 1936 More Employment- and have enough sense of humor to Elementary School Rents overlook many little things. Recreation Films More Enrollments 7. Nagging is taboo. Employment calls in private com In an effort to develop discrimina 8. The students don't want to be tion in the field of motion pictures, mercial schools throughout the country blamed for the sins of a few. The in are 58% ahead of last year, according Emerson School at Maywood, 111., has dividuals should be talked to privately. started "after-school" movies. Recrea to a recent survey of 150 representative 9. Sarcasm is one of the worst of private business schools in the United tional films are shown twice a month, crimes. and the pupils pay ten cents admission JStates and Canada. The survey was 10. When the student finds points conducted by the Dean W. Geer Com to view high grade motion pictures of correlation in other subjects and with entertainment value. pany, Oshkosh, Wisconsin. is allowed to report them, he feels an Most schools also report marked in Walter E. Swarthout describes the incentive to effort. working out of the plan in the Educa creases in enrollments. The average 11. We like' a preview of the course increase, compared with last year, is tional Screen. as a whole, for it gives us a feeling Educational films are shown during 40%; and 1934 was considered a that the teacher has a well-defined good year. Of the schools reporting, school hours. Pupils in grades one to plan. four pay ten cents, and each child in 77% announced increased attendance; 12. Each new assignment should be 17.5% said that their attendance is grades five to eight pays twenty cents explained carefully, where necessary. for educational movies at the begin '•'about the same," and 5.5% had —School Management. fewer students than last year. ning of the school year. Assemblies Night school enrollments, on the are held for the two groups twice a average, are even better—64% ahead American School Coming month. The lower grades see primary of last year. of Age pictures, and the upper grades are Many schools state that both enroll The schools of the country, which shown history, travel and literature ments and employment are the best were fashioned after European institu films on subjects previously covered in they have been since 1929. Some tions 150 years ago, were seen emerg class work. schools are already filled to capacity ing into "a truly American education The parent-teacher association bought and have established waiting lists. system" recently by Dr. Paul R. Mort, the projector, and the financial success Others have been obliged to procure director of the Advanced School of of the experiment soon made possible more space and equipment and to add Education, Teachers College, Columbia. the purchase of sound attachments for more teachers to the faculties. Dr. Mort, speaking to 1,000 edu the portable projector.—School Man Most of the students enrolled are cators, detected signs of a period in agement. high school graduates, with an increas which the ideals or the country's Southern California ing percentage of college graduates founders would bear fruit—"a system Meeting who wish to secure technical training of education to develop the abilities The fall meeting of the Southern as an entering wedge into business.— of all." California Commercial Teachers' Asso fournal of Business Education. He deplored, however, the lack of ciation was held at Huntington Beach funds for educational research and High School on Saturday, November 2. What Pupils Expect development. The issue at the General Panel Meet "It took seventy-five years to develop ing was "Shall All Special Education of Teachers a system of school finance, a system so Be Placed Above the High School After Miss Ella B. Adams, North poor that it needs far-reaching re Level?" The chairman at this meet western High School, Detroit, taught organization everywhere in the nation," ing was Mr. Atkinson, Benjamin a course in general language, she con Dr. Mort said. "I hope sufficient Franklin High School, Los Angeles, cluded that the students might teach money will soon be available for the California. her a few things, too. In the Novem retraining of teachers. This branch of The principal speaker at the meet ber School Review, she describes how education has been like Cinderella, ing held after luncheon was J. Clark she conducted the studies and how, at before she got to the ball." Sellers. He spoke on "Fraud and Its the conclusion, she happened to ask The teaching profession today, Dr. Detection." Mr. Sellers is one of the the students to offer their suggestions Mort said, was in much the same posi outstanding American authorities on for methods of teaching. This is what tion as the medical profession fifty handwriting and was an important wit they told her: years ago, when "Pasteur showed that ness in the Hauptmann trial. He 1. The teacher must make us feel medicine was not a single, indivisible showed, by means of lantern slides, that she has a real interest in us and science but that each disease had its how an expert determines forgery. understands us. If the teacher isn't germ." interested, why should we be? Dr. Mort saw two trends in the New Building for Draughon's 2. If the teacher is cheerful and city's public schools as indications of Draughon's Business College, San pleasant, the classroom is attractive. the development of an American edu Antonio, Texas, now occupies its new 3. A business-like way of doing cation system. He cited the alertness building at 409-411 Martin Street. things, with a variation in procedure, courses for teachers and efforts to adapt The entire building of over thirty keeps the class alive. the school to the student. These, he thousand square feet in area is oc 4. If the teacher is enthusiastic and felt, were of "vital concern to teachers cupied by the school. The lower floor exhibits her liking for the subject, the and to the public." contains ^classrooms and administrative class is more interesting. The Advanced School of Education offices. A wide ramp leads to the 5. A teacher must be patient and at Teachers College, Dr. Mort said, bookkeeping rooms and auditorium on especially must give a boy (or girl) was a symbol of the hope that the the second floor. J. W. Parish has time to think before he answers. problem of retraining teachers would been president of this school for 6. The teacher should like a joke be solved.—Journal of Education. twenty-seven years. mmWmmm BBSS January, 1936 THE AMERICAN PENMAN 143 The Gregg Summer Session Hl}s Ireakpra for Teachers has for twenty-five years been "first with the last word" in new but tested methods of getting results in the teaching of shorthand, typewriting, and related subjects. Thousands of graduates in this and other countries enthusiastically recom mend this highly specialized training. Teachers of commercial subjects and those pre paring to enter this profession will find the Gregg Summer Session a well-spring of valuable informa tion concerning the very latest developments in «t this field. The Functional Method of teaching shorthand will be fully taught and exemplified by ON THE OCEAN FRONT expert teachers. ATLANTIC CITY, NEW JERSEY Attractive courses of study, an unusually strong SITUATED DIRECTLY ON THE teaching staff, a good Room Service, a free Teach BOARDWALK and CONVENIENT TO ers' Placement Bureau, interesting recreational fea ALL PIERS AND AMUSEMENTS. tures, and many other helpful advantages make a With Meals summer at Gregg a most delightful and profitable Per day, 00 experience. per person 5.^ Private Bath The 1936 Session begins July 6 and closes European Private August 14. Write today for special bulletin. Plan 2.50 Bath HOT AND COLD SEA WATER IN ALL BATHS THE GREGG COLLEGE Excellent Food French Cuisine 6 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois Garage EMANUEL E. KATZ, Man. Director EAGLE RED BAND ERASERS After several years of research, we present a completely new and modern line of erasers, based on the most recent discoveries in rubber chemistry . . . Under extensive tests, these compounds have demonstrated their smooth, rapid, and neat erasive qualities on all kinds of paper. These are only a few of our many "Red Band" Styles. Ask your Stationer. MMsmm .WM. PENCIL GC.H*y-S.*- 480 FLEXO-PINK. A soft, flexible, pink eraser which removes pencil marks with astonishing smoothness, 490 ERASALL. An all-purpose eraser of generous size, thoroughness and speed. ingeniously compounded to erase any marks normally made on paper, including india ink and colored leads. 493 RED CIRCLE. An ideal disk eraser for stenographers. The grey compound is firm enough for clean erasing on ori ginal sheets, yet soft enough for carbon copies. The central 494 COMFORT. countersunk rivet, ex The new metal holder clusive in this eraser (patent applied^ for) with countersunk rivet keeps (patent applied for), half the eraser clean, pro gives a comfortable tects the hands from soil grip on the metal ing and provides a firm, disks. comfortable grip. EAGLE PENCIL COMPANY LONDON . NEW YORK - TORONTO SAY You SAW IT IN THE PENMAN Better Materials of Instruction Will Bring Better Results in Handwriting HE first considerations for the successful handwritfig Check the list below to determine your present require T program, naturally are the well-trained teacher, fhie ments. Then send to our nearest office for samples, a proper text and an adequate time assignment. But complete catalog, and prices. of great importance too are the materials of instruction^— the paper, steel pens, penholders and ink without which no PALMER METHOD STEEL PENS writing, much less good handwriting instruction, is possit|e. Famous for school use for more than thirty years. Nine numbers, all guaranteed to be the finest steel pens for Poor materials will hinder the progress of pupils as muscular movement writing. surely as poor roads will render the progress of an auto mobile. There is no greater waste in the handwriralg PALMER METHOD PAPER program than that occasioned by the use of inferior pens, The famous "Standard" line of Palmer Method paper unsuitable paper and poor grades of ink. A discourage and the equally popular "Practice" line are made in weights ment to teacher and pupils alike, inadequate supplies tehd and sizes to fill the needs of every grade. to lessen interest and hinder achievement. PALMER METHOD TABLETS AND The Palmer Method organization is primarily interested FILLER PADS in better handwriting results. Anything which interferes There are Palmer Method tablets and filler papers, with with the best results is definitely not a part of the Palmer genuine Palmer Method watermarked paper, for every Method program. For that reason, no supplies bear the school purpose. Palmer Method name unless they are of a standard which will not hinder, but help, handwriting achievement. PALMER METHOD PENHOLDERS The patented Rite-Hold penholder is an exclusive Palmer Above the average in quality, Palmer Method supples Method item. This and other Palmer Method penholders are consistently low in price. Distribution on a national are best adapted for successful handwriting instruction. scale allows the savings on quantity production to be passed along to the school. No school, however generously PALMER METHOD INKS budgeted, could obtain better supplies, and no school, how The best ink for school use is Palmer Method powdered ever frugally budgeted, need do without them. ink. Available in all colors and sizes. The Spring 1936 illustrated catawg of Palmer Method textbooks, supple mentary publications and supplies is now ready. Send for your copy today. THE A. N. PALMER COMPANY J| 55 Fifth Avenue 2128 Calumet Avenue Palmer Bldg. Phelan Bldg. Terminal Sales Bldg. New York, N. Y. Chicago, 111. Cedar Rapids, Iowa San Francisco, Calif. Portland, Ore.