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VEHICLE SAFETY EVOLVED GETTING to Know DRIVELINE ® March 2015 U.S. $6.00 | M9.00 Volume 15 | Number 2 Information for the Independent Mercedes-Benz Service Professional VEHICLE SAFETY EVOLVED DRIVELINE VIBRATION GETTING TO KNOW SAM REFORMULATED GASOLINE transmissiongear.pdf 1 7/17/2012 4:51:05 PM C M Y CM MY CY CMY K transmissiongear.pdf 1 7/17/2012 4:51:05 PM ® STA RTUNED March 2015 Welcome to STARTUNED, the magazine for independent service In This Issue technicians working on Mercedes-Benz vehicles. Your Mercedes- Benz dealer sponsors STARTUNED and provides the information 4 Shake Down Driveline Vibration coming your way in each issue. Mercedes-Benz wants to present the information you need to know While tracking down the source of to diagnose and repair Mercedes-Benz vehicles accurately, quickly bad vibes may not make you a lot of and the first time; text, graphics, on-line and other technical money, it sure can make you a hero to sources combine to make this possible. Feature articles, derived from approved company sources, focus on your customers. being useful and interesting. Our digest of technical information can help you solve unanticipated problems quickly and expertly. We want STARTUNED to be both helpful and informative, so please let us know just what kinds of features and other diagnostic services you’d like to see in it. We’ll continue to bring 12 GettinG to know SaM you selected service bulletins from Mercedes-Benz and articles covering the different systems on these vehicles. These modules have been in production since just before the turn of the century, Send your suggestions, questions or comments to us at: but if you still don’t understand their STARTUNED One Mercedes Drive functions diagnosis will be more difficult C Montvale, New Jersey 07645 than it has to be. M Phone: 1 201.263.7284 E-mail: [email protected] Y CM Group Publisher Editorial Director MY Christopher M. Ayers, Jr. Bob Freudenberger [email protected] [email protected] 20 ReforMulateD GaSoline: Watch Out CY for uality ariation Technical Advisor Contributing Editors Q V ! CMY Tim Amun Bill McDonald [email protected] Misfires, knocking, volatility problems K Tom Nash and other issues can occur due to lack MBUSA Technical Content Advisor [email protected] Donald Rotolo Frank Walker of adequate fuel quality controls. RFG [email protected] [email protected] quality variations can result in different MBUSA Project Manager Art Director & Circulation Mgr. engine performance from one tankful to Stefanie Schweigler Christopher M. Ayers III [email protected] [email protected] the next. 28 MerceDeS-benz: Vehicle Safety EvolveD Visit us at our web site Not that many years ago, the advanced www.MBWholesaleParts.com to view this issue and past safety systems found on Mercedes-Benz issues of STARTUNED, along with a wealth of information on Genuine Mercedes-Benz Parts. vehicles would’ve been considered science fiction, and there’s no question To locate a Mercedes-Benz dealer near you, that they’ve helped prevent thousands go to www.mbusa.com. of accidents. So, you sure don’t want to compromise their functionality during STARTUNED is a publication of Mercedes-Benz USA, LLC (“MBUSA”). No part of this magazine collision repair. may be reproduced without the express written permission of MBUSA. Editorial and Circulation Offices: 134B River Road, Montague, NJ 07827. CAUTION: Vehicle servicing performed by untrained persons could result in serious injury to those persons or others. Information contained in this magazine is intended for use by trained, professional auto repair technicians ONLY. This information is provided to inform these technicians of conditions which may occur in some vehicles or to provide information which could assist them in proper servicing of these vehicles. Properly trained technicians have the equipment, tools, safety instructions, and know-how to perform repairs correctly and safely. If a condition is described, DO NOT assume that a topic covered in these pages automatically applies to your vehicle or that your vehicle has that condition. STARTUNED is a registered trademark of MBUSA. Shake Down Driveline Vibration This is the front driveshaft and differential of a 2007 S550 w221 S-Class. This car had a vibration that the owner kept ignoring until the front universal joint finally gave out altogether causing extensive drivetrain damage. 4 Mercedes-Benz StarTuned Shake Down Driveline Vibration Next to squeaks and rattles, vibration can be one While tracking down of the most difficult vehicle complaints to diagnose. the source of bad vibes Driveline vibration that only presents itself at a certain speed or under a given load is a formidable may not make you a foe because of the inability to reproduce the condition in a normal shop setting. There are many lot of money, it sure factors that can upset driveline balance and even can make you a hero the most seasoned technician can struggle with tracking down this type of problem. Often time- to your customers. consuming and not a significant source of revenue, driveline vibration diagnosis can be made less stressful by exploring the subject until you reach a full understanding of the dynamics involved so that your next encounter with this situation will work out smoothly. Pleasing the customer is the main benefit you’ll get from this, and that’s paramount to your reputation. Straight talk When dealing with driveline components, things are not always straightforward; getting and keeping parts to work in harmony is a balancing act. Luckily for us independent service providers, Mercedes-Benz has done an exceptional job engineering and building a remarkable, mostly problem-free driveline. That said, the driveline is not maintenance-free -- there are components that need to be inspected for damage during routine maintenance and replaced when they have reached the end of their service life. When we say driveline, what exactly do we mean? The generally-accepted thought is that it comprises the driven components from the output shaft of the transmission to the drive wheels. This would include the propeller shaft and its connecting joints, differential, axles, hubs, and wheels. Mercedes-Benz does not use a single driveline system to transmit power. Instead, a combination of different technologies is employed depending on the application. Each vehicle line has its own specifically-engineered system, and because of these differences driveline vibrations usually do not all share the same characteristics. Getting to know each component and its operation goes a long way in helping to diagnose vibrations. March 2015 5 DRIVELINE VIBRATION This WIS diagram shows where to take measurements for calculating the actual working angle of the shaft. PieceS of the Puzzle Mercedes-Benz uses the most common type of drive or propeller shaft set-up, which is known as a Hotchkiss drive (except for the new CLA and GLA FWDs). A Hotchkiss design may employ one of several different flexible-mounting joints on each end, as opposed to the torque tube design that’s rigidly fixed between the transmission and differential. On the majority of passenger A shot of Mercedes Transmission mounts side by side. The vehicles built by Mercedes-Benz, transmission mount on the left is old and collapsed, which caused a two-piece rear drive shaft a driveshaft vibration under acceleration. The right one is the new is used (with 4Matic, a single shaft routes power to the front transmission mount to be installed. drive). Using a two-piece shaft for the rear drive has a number • With the smaller diameter, there’s less need for of advantages: a tunnel inside the vehicle. • The same distance can be spanned as with a The dominant form of drive shaft coupling used single shaft, but it can be done with smaller by Mercedes-Benz is a flexible “Giubo.” More diameter tubing. commonly know as “flex discs,” these are used in • It saves weight, meaning there’s less rotating various sizes on many European passenger cars. mass, which translates into smoother, quieter, Made of nylon-reinforced flexible rubber, these and more efficient operation. discs are known for their ability to reduce vibration, • The two-shaft design allows for a center- compensate for small amounts of misalignment, mounted slip joint. This allows the shaft to operate quietly, and live a long service life with lengthen and shorten with changes in chassis little to no maintenance. flexing, drive train, and suspension movement. By center-mounting the slip joint instead of On other applications, Mercedes-Benz uses a using a splined yoke at the transmission output combination of mechanical flexible joints. These shaft, a common fluid leak point is eliminated. include the Cardan universal joint (U-joint), • Added Safety; In the event of severe collisions, double Cardan joint, and Rzeppa-style constant these shafts can collapse into themselves. This velocity joint (CV). Each has its own advantages, lessens the chance of intrusion into the cabin, the most notable of which being high strength or dropping onto the pavement where it can dig and the ability to operate at greater angles or in and act as a catapult. degrees of misalignment. 6 Mercedes-Benz StarTuned Virtually anything that moves in a vehicle can • When did the vibration start? produce an unwanted vibration. The upside to • Is this a constant vibration, or only at certain this is that most problems can be broken into two speeds? At what rpm and gear does the fault occur? groups: stationary vehicle vibration and moving • Is the vibration more pronounced during hot or vehicle vibration. The downside is that there is no cold operation? magic way to easily diagnose either type. Like most • Has the vehicle recently been serviced? problems that are brought into the shop, asking the right questions may possibly narrow the complaint • Ask yourself if the vehicle was in for a down more quickly.
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