Early Middle Ages (Fall 2020) – Martha Carlin
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The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions
Scholars Crossing History of Global Missions Center for Global Ministries 2009 The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions Don Fanning Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgm_hist Recommended Citation Fanning, Don, "The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions" (2009). History of Global Missions. 3. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgm_hist/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Global Ministries at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in History of Global Missions by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Middle Ages 500-1000 1 3 The Dark Age Church Period of Barbarian Invasions AD 500—1000 Introduction With the endorsement of the Emperor and obligatory church membership for all Roman citizens across the empire, Roman Christianity continued to change the nature of the Church, in stead of visa versa. The humble beginnings were soon forgotten in the luxurious halls and civil power of the highest courts and assemblies of the known world. Who needs spiritual power when you can have civil power? The transition from being the persecuted to the persecutor, from the powerless to the powerful with Imperial and divine authority brought with it the inevitable seeds of corruption. Some say that Christianity won the known world in the first five centuries, but a closer look may reveal that the world had won Christianity as well, and that, in much less time. The year 476 usually marks the end of the Christian Roman Empire in the West. -
Mysteries of Silence Anaphora Press Port Townsend, WA Anaphorapress.Com
Mysteries of Silence Anaphora Press Port Townsend, WA anaphorapress.com Address Correspondence to: Anaphora Press 3110 San Juan Ave. Port Townsend, WA 98368 [email protected] First Printing, 2007 All Rights Reserved Copyright 2007 by Christopher Lewis Graphic Design: Nina Noble ISBN: 978-0-9801241-1-1 Printed in the United States of America Mysteries of Silence CONTEnts Wisteria 1 Preparing the Manuscript of a Garden Journal 3 Songbird from the Seasons of Paradise 15 Three Drops of Silence 21 The Ancient Teachings of the Winter Silence 23 Pilgrim 31 Nobilissima Visione 33 The Midnight Sun 41 Dry Season in an Ancient Orchard 43 Daughter 49 Marathon 51 Les Larmes ne Rappelle Point a la Vie 53 Elegy in Autumn Mist 55 Mimesis 59 Harvest 61 Golden Gate Park 65 A New Sketch of the Hidden Season 67 The Palace of Fine Arts 69 Seven Days from Home 71 The Funeral of Father Thomas 73 Notes 75 Mysteries of Silence WistEria (At St. Michael’s Orthodox School, Santa Rosa, on grounds once owned by the horticulturist Luther Burbank) A tapestry of sky woven into your balconies. Graceful arms stretch the canopy in clustered blooms. Each is a bell announcing one of the hours. Under the veil of your perpetual incense, children learn to listen, sing and play... The mysterious gardener that planted and pruned you, trained your branches to embrace and overshadow these buildings… Flowering during the fast, how many years to grow this large and strong? Silent witness of the interior secret, whisper—what is in the seedpod? “The secret is this: when it falls safely cradled in its pod, the pea does not know it has separated from me. -
The Legacy of the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages in the West The
The Legacy of the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages in the West The Roman Empire reigned from 27 BCE to 476 CE throughout the Mediterranean world, including parts of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. The fall of the Roman Empire in the West in 476 CE marked the end of the period of classical antiquity and ushered in a new era in world history. Three civilizations emerged as successors to the Romans in the Mediterranean world: the Byzantine Empire (in many ways a continuation of the Eastern Roman Empire), and the civilizations of Islam and Western Europe. These three civilizations would become rivals and adversaries over the course of the succeeding centuries. They developed distinct religious, cultural, social, political, and linguistic characteristics that shaped the path each civilization would take throughout the course of the Middle Ages and beyond. The Middle Ages in European history refers to the period spanning the fifth through the fifteenth century. The fall of the Western Roman Empire typically represents the beginning of the Middle Ages. Scholars divide the Middle Ages into three eras: the Early Middle Ages (400–1000), the High Middle Ages (1000–1300), and the Late Middle Ages (1300–1500). The Renaissance and the Age of Discovery traditionally mark the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the early modern period in European history. The legacy of the Roman Empire, and the division of its territory into three separate civilizations, impacted the course of world history and continues to influence the development of each region to this day. -
Tribal Cultural Resources Assessment for the 1024 Mateo Street Project, Los Angeles, California
Tribal Cultural Resources Assessment for the 1024 Mateo Street Project, Los Angeles, California MAY 2019 PREPARED FOR Mateo Arts, LLC PREPARED BY SWCA Environmental Consultants This page intentionally left blank. Tribal Cultural Resources Assessment for the 1024 Mateo Street Project, Los Angeles, California Prepared for Mateo Arts, LLC 1875 Century Park East, Suite 1750 Los Angeles, CA 90067 Attn: Daniel A. Abrams and Sammi Shaaya Prepared by Chris Millington, M.A., RPA and Trevor Gittelhough, M.A., RPA SWCA Environmental Consultants 51 West Dayton Street Pasadena, California 91105 (626) 240-0587 www.swca.com SWCA Project No. 055465.00 SWCA CRRD Report No. 19-224 May 2019 Keywords: CEQA; tribal cultural sensitivity assessment; City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning; Arts District; 2018 E Bay St, 2016 E Bay St, 2010 E Bay St, 2006 E Bay St, 2006 1/2 E Bay St, 1000 S Mateo St, 1000 1/4 S Mateo St, 1010 S Mateo St, 1012 S Mateo St, 2023 E Sacramento St, 2023 1/2 E Sacramento St, 2019 E Sacramento St, 2019 1/2 E Sacramento St, 2015 E Sacramento St, 2015 1/2 E Sacramento St, 2011 E Sacramento St, 2009 E Sacramento St, 2007 E Sacramento St, 2005 E Sacramento St, 2001 E Sacramento St, 1026 S Mateo St, 1024 S Mateo St, 1020 S Mateo St, 1018 S Mateo St, 1014 S Mateo St; Los Angeles; Hollywood quadrangle; Township 1 South, Range 13 West, Section 9 Tribal Cultural Resources Assessment for the 1024 Mateo Street Project, Los Angeles, California MANAGEMENT SUMMARY Purpose and Scope: Mateo Arts, LLC (the Applicant) retained SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) to conduct a tribal cultural resources sensitivity assessment in support of the proposed 1024 Mateo Street Project located in the city of Los Angeles, California, within the Arts District neighborhood. -
EPILOGUE Before We Consider Where Gloss Scholarship Might
EPILOGUE Before we consider where Gloss scholarship might want to go next, let us consider what I hope this book has shown that we do know. Th e Gloss was not the work of Walafrid Strabo. It originates with the glossed biblical books produced by masters Anselm and Ralph at their school at Laon, for use in the classroom. Th eir work was carried on by their pupils or collaborators, especially Gilbert of Auxerre, and possibly Alberic of Reims. From the beginning, the text of the Gloss was presented in a particular format, which includes the entire bibli- cal text written out continuously, but visibly separately from the text of the glosses. Th e glosses are both marginal and interlinear, but they are not two diff erent texts: marginal glosses may move into the space between the lines, and vice versa. Only part of the Bible seems to have been covered at this stage—up to about twenty years aft er Anselm’s death (1117). Few manuscripts of Glossed books remain from this period; it is not until about 1140, from the milieu of the Paris schools, that copies start appearing in larger numbers. Th e Gloss seems to have been given a new lease of life by some combination of Peter Lombard, Gilbert de la Porrée and the school of St Victor. Th ey were aided in this by the beginnings of a secular commercial book trade in the city. It may be that it is only at this point that “the Gloss” as a conceptual entity comes into existence. -
The Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages After the collapse of Rome, Western Europe entered a period of political, social, and economic decline. From about 500 to 1000, invaders swept across the region, trade declined, towns emptied, and classical learning halted. For those reasons, this period in Europe is sometimes called the “Dark Ages.” However, Greco-Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions eventually blended, creating the medieval civilization. This period between ancient times and modern times – from about 500 to 1500 – is called the Middle Ages. The Frankish Kingdom The Germanic tribes that conquered parts of the Roman Empire included the Goths, Vandals, Saxons, and Franks. In 486, Clovis, king of the Franks, conquered the former Roman province of Gaul, which later became France. He ruled his land according to Frankish custom, but also preserved much of the Roman legacy by converting to Christianity. In the 600s, Islamic armies swept across North Africa and into Spain, threatening the Frankish kingdom and Christianity. At the battle of Tours in 732, Charles Martel led the Frankish army in a victory over Muslim forces, stopping them from invading France and pushing farther into Europe. This victory marked Spain as the furthest extent of Muslim civilization and strengthened the Frankish kingdom. Charlemagne After Charlemagne died in 814, his heirs battled for control of the In 786, the grandson of Charles Martel became king of the Franks. He briefly united Western empire, finally dividing it into Europe when he built an empire reaching across what is now France, Germany, and part of three regions with the Treaty of Italy. -
Buddhism and Written Law: Dhammasattha Manuscripts and Texts in Premodern Burma
BUDDHISM AND WRITTEN LAW: DHAMMASATTHA MANUSCRIPTS AND TEXTS IN PREMODERN BURMA A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Dietrich Christian Lammerts May 2010 2010 Dietrich Christian Lammerts BUDDHISM AND WRITTEN LAW: DHAMMASATTHA MANUSCRIPTS AND TEXTS IN PREMODERN BURMA Dietrich Christian Lammerts, Ph.D. Cornell University 2010 This dissertation examines the regional and local histories of dhammasattha, the preeminent Pali, bilingual, and vernacular genre of Buddhist legal literature transmitted in premodern Burma and Southeast Asia. It provides the first critical analysis of the dating, content, form, and function of surviving dhammasattha texts based on a careful study of hitherto unexamined Burmese and Pali manuscripts. It underscores the importance for Buddhist and Southeast Asian Studies of paying careful attention to complex manuscript traditions, multilingual post- and para- canonical literatures, commentarial strategies, and the regional South-Southeast Asian literary, historical, and religious context of the development of local legal and textual practices. Part One traces the genesis of dhammasattha during the first and early second millennia C.E. through inscriptions and literary texts from India, Cambodia, Campå, Java, Lakå, and Burma and investigates its historical and legal-theoretical relationships with the Sanskrit Bråhmaˆical dharmaßåstra tradition and Pali Buddhist literature. It argues that during this period aspects of this genre of written law, akin to other disciplines such as alchemy or medicine, functioned in both Buddhist and Bråhmaˆical contexts, and that this ecumenical legal culture persisted in certain areas such as Burma and Java well into the early modern period. -
Circumscribing European Crusading Violence Susanna A
Ursinus College Digital Commons @ Ursinus College History Faculty Publications History Department 2018 'Not Cruelty But Piety': Circumscribing European Crusading Violence Susanna A. Throop Ursinus College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/history_fac Part of the Christianity Commons, Ethics in Religion Commons, European History Commons, History of Christianity Commons, History of Religion Commons, Islamic Studies Commons, Islamic World and Near East History Commons, Medieval History Commons, and the Medieval Studies Commons Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits oy u. Recommended Citation Throop, Susanna A., "'Not Cruelty But Piety': Circumscribing European Crusading Violence" (2018). History Faculty Publications. 8. https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/history_fac/8 This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the History Department at Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Ursinus College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 ‘Not Cruelty but Piety’: Circumscribing European Crusading Violence Susanna A. Throop Traditionally the crusading movement has been distinguished from other forms of Christian violence motivated or justified in religious terms. In the western world, innumerable books and articles discuss ‘the crusades’ or ‘the crusading movement’ as discrete entities. The crusades, so the narrative goes, began firmly in 1096 when an armed, penitential expedition set out to Jerusalem in response to the 1095 appeal of Pope Urban II, and ended less conclusively at some point before the onset of modernity. Meanwhile, in a broader global context and across a wider range of media, some continue to invoke the crusades as explanation for ongoing geopolitical conflict. -
A Commentary on the General Instruction of the Roman Missal
A Commentary on the General Instruction of the Roman Missal A Commentary on the General Instruction of the Roman Missal Developed under the Auspices of the Catholic Academy of Liturgy and Cosponsored by the Federation of Diocesan Liturgical Commissions Edited by Edward Foley Nathan D. Mitchell Joanne M. Pierce Foreword by the Most Reverend Donald W. Trautman, S.T.D., S.S.L. Chairman of the Bishops’ Committee on the Liturgy 1993–1996, 2004–2007 A PUEBLO BOOK Liturgical Press Collegeville, Minnesota A Pueblo Book published by Liturgical Press Excerpts from the English translation of Dedication of a Church and an Altar © 1978, 1989, International Committee on English in the Liturgy, Inc. (ICEL); excerpts from the English translation of Documents on the Liturgy, 1963–1979: Conciliar, Papal, and Curial Texts © 1982, ICEL; excerpts from the English translation of Order of Christian Funerals © 1985, ICEL; excerpts from the English translation of The General Instruction of the Roman Missal © 2002, ICEL. All rights reserved. Libreria Editrice Vaticana omnia sibi vindicat iura. Sine ejusdem licentia scripto data nemini licet hunc Lectionarum from the Roman Missal in an editio iuxta typicam alteram, denuo imprimere aut aliam linguam vertere. Lectionarum from the Roman Missal in an editio iuxta typicam alteram—edition iuxta typica, Copyright 1981, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Città del Vaticano. Excerpts from documents of the Second Vatican Council are from Vatican Council II: The Basic Sixteen Documents, edited by Austin Flannery, © 1996 Costello Publishing Company, Inc. Used with permission. Cover design by David Manahan, OSB. Illustration by Frank Kacmarcik, OblSB. © 2007 by Order of Saint Benedict, Collegeville, Minnesota. -
Chapter 19 Medieval Europe (A.D. 500 - 1475) the Geography of Europe and Feudalism and the Rise of Towns
Chapter 19 Medieval Europe (A.D. 500 - 1475) The Geography of Europe and Feudalism and the Rise of Towns Part 1: Geography of Europe Guiding Question: How did geography shape life in Europe after the fall of Rome? During the 400s, Germanic groups invaded the Western Roman Empire. In a.d. 476, these groups overthrew the last emperor in Rome and brought the Empire to an end. Europe then entered a new era called the Middle Ages, or medieval times. This was a 1,000-year period between ancient and modern times. During the Middle Ages, Western Europe was divided into many kingdoms, and Catholic Christianity strongly influenced society. Physical geography shaped Europe's development. The continent of Europe is a huge peninsula, with many smaller peninsulas branching out from it. As a result, most land in Europe lies within 300 miles (483 km) of a seacoast. This encouraged trade and helped the European economy to grow. Rivers and Seas Rivers also played an important role in Europe's growth. Major rivers, such as the Rhine, Danube, Seine, and Po, flow from inland mountains into the oceans and seas surrounding the continent. These rivers are navigable, or wide and deep enough for ships to use. People and goods can sail easily from inland areas to the open sea and, from there, to other parts of the world. Europe's seas and rivers provided protection as well as possibilities for trade. The English Channel, for example, separated the islands of Britain and Ireland from the rest of Europe. As a result, these people were far enough away to be largely safe from the many wars fought on Europe's mainland. -
The European Middle Ages 500-1500 CE CONTEXT
The European Middle Ages 500-1500 CE CONTEXT ● After the fall of Rome: ○ Western Europe fragmented into small kingdoms (never again reunited under central imperial rule) ○ The East continued on as the Byzantine Empire until 1453 THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE (330 CE-1453 CE) ● Eastern Roman Empire- carried on Rome’s legacy, traditions for another 1000 years ● Roman imperial tradition- leaders commonly called Roman emperors (why?) ● Spoke Greek (culture based around Hellenism) ● Christianity was official religion- rulers seen as ordained by God and in control of both church and state (caesaropapism)- an issue that would contribute to the split in the Church by 1054 ● Wealthier than the West- access to Eurasian trade routes ● Constantinople- capital and strategic trade location Byzantine art What does Byzantine art tell you about the empire? THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE (330 CE-1453 CE) JUSTINIAN- ruled 527-565 CE ● Updated Roman law- Justinian’s Code ● Re-conquered many former Roman lands lost in the West ● Expanded trade ● Built the Hagia Sophia (monumental church) Hagia Sophia THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE (330 CE-1453 CE) EMPRESS THEODORA- Justinian’s Wife ● Convinced Justinian to stay during the Nika Riots (massive anti-government protest) ● Worked to give women more rights THE GREAT SCHISM (1054) ● Religious issues (such as the ability of priests to marry and use of religious icons) came to a head in 1054 ● The pope in Western Europe and patriarch in Eastern Europe excommunicated each other Patriarch ● Resulted in two branches of Christianity- Pope Leo IX Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Michael I Cerularius THE GREAT SCHISM (1054) ● Another issue was in regard to icons ● Roman Catholic Church supported the use of icons (why?) ● Eastern Orthodox Church rejected use of icons, then supported them after the clergy rebelled THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE (330 CE-1453 CE) FALL OF THE EMPIRE ● After the Great Schism, about 400 years of decline ● Newly converted Turkish invaders gained influence from the Muslim caliphate. -
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEGREE Students earning degrees through the College of Business Administration are required to complete: 60 credit hours of non-business coursework 30 hours of core business coursework (see II below) 18 hours of business electives at the junior/senior level (see III below) 12 hours of business or non-business approved electives 120 credits I. Required non-business coursework includes the campus general education requirements. Students must complete a 42-hour block of courses from an approved list of general education courses. These courses are from eight areas: CORE: 1) First Year Writing – 1 course (ENGL 1100, 1110 or HIST 1111 with a C- or better grade) 2) Math Proficiency – 1 course (MATH 1030 or a proctored ALEKS score of 51 or higher) 3) Communication Proficiency – 1 course (COMM 1030, 1040, 2230, 2240, or TH DAN 1210) 4) Information Literacy – 1 course (CMP SCI 1012, INF SYS 1800, 2800, Math 1105) 5) American History or Government – 1 course (CRIMIN 1100, HIST 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, POL SCI 1100) EXPLORE 6) Humanities and Fine Arts – 9 hours from at least two areas (see approved list in Advising Office) 7) Social Sciences – 9 hours from at least two areas (BUS AD 2900, ECON 1001, 1002) 8) Math and Life/Natural Sciences – 9 hours from at least two areas (MATH 1100, 1105 and a Life/Natural Science) Additional requirements of the College of Business include: . One Cultural Diversity course . Two Global Awareness courses (see approved list) . ENGL 3120 Business Writing . BUS AD 1000 or completion of a Social Science course .