Supplemental Table 1 Telomere Pathway Genes Evaluated in the Current Study

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Supplemental Table 1 Telomere Pathway Genes Evaluated in the Current Study Supplemental Table 1 Telomere pathway genes evaluated in the current study Gene (alias) Name Gene ID Chromosome Functions * ** Binding to the telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT, and inhibiting telomerase activity. Functions as a potent telomerase inhibitor and a PINX1 interacting protein 1 54984 8p23 putative tumor suppressor. Encoding a nuclear protein involved in the telomere maintenance system. Functions by regulating telomere length and protecting Protection of telomeres 1 chromosome ends from illegitimate recombination, catastrophic POT1 homolog 25913 7q31.33 chromosome instability, and abnormal chromosome segregation. Interacting with Rad6, an enzyme required for post-replication repair RAD18 RAD18 homolog 56852 3p25-p24 of damaged DNA, through a conserved ring-finger motif. As an RNA component of telomerase, it serves as a template for the TERC telomerase RNA component 7012 3q26 telomere repeat, and plays a role in maintaining telomere ends. telomeric repeat binding ^ Interacting with TERF2 at the telomere and causing elongation of TERF2IP (RAP1) factor 2, interacting protein 54386 16q23.1 telomeric DNA Encoding a protein component with reverse transcriptase activity, telomerase reverse and playing a role in cellular senescence by regulation of telomerase TERT transcriptase 7015 5p15.33 activity. tankyrase, TRF1-interacting ankyrin-related ADP-ribose With PARP activity, it can modify TERF1, and contribute to the TNKS polymerase 8658 8p23.1 regulation of telomere length. Encoding a telomere specific protein -- a component of the telomere telomeric repeat binding nucleoprotein complex, functions as an inhibitor of telomerase, TRF1 (TERF1) factor (NIMA-interacting) 1 7013 8q13.3 acting in cis to limit the elongation of individual chromosome ends. Encoding a component of the telomere nucleoprotein complex and telomeric repeat binding being a second negative regulator of telomere length, it plays a key TRF2 (TERF2) factor 2 7014 16q22.1 role in the protective activity of telomeres. * As defined in Entrez gene ** Akiyama Y. et al. Oncol Rep 2004, 11:871-4 ^ Li B. and de Lange T. Mol Biol Cell 2003, 14:5060-8; Li B. Oestreich S. and de Lange T. Cell 2000, 101:471-83 Supplemental Table 2 Overall effect of single SNP in telomere pathway genes on breast cancer risk (dominant model), Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project, 1996-1997 SNP500Cancer rs # SNPs Genotype Cases Controls OR (95%CI) * p-value ID PINX1-03 rs12375394 G/A GG 610 (61.9) 683 (64.6) 1.00 (ref) GA 340 (34.5) 327 (30.9) 1.2 (0.9-1.4) 0.14 AA 36 (3.6) 47 (4.5) 0.8 (0.5-1.3) 0.46 GA/AA 376 (38.1) 374 (35.4) 1.11 (0.93-1.33) 0.25 PINX1-04 rs13269447 A/G AA 673 (68.5) 729 (69.4) 1.00 (ref) AG 276 (28.1) 293 (27.9) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.85 GG 33 (3.4) 28 (2.7) 1.3 (0.8-2.2) 0.27 AG/GG 309 (31.5) 321 (30.6) 1.04 (0.87-1.26) 0.64 PINX1-06 rs2271357 C/T CC 336 (33.5) 364 (33.7) 1.00 (ref) CT 493 (49.2) 530 (49.1) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.96 TT 173 (17.3) 185 (17.2) 1.0 (0.8-1.4) 0.72 CT/TT 666 (66.5) 715 (66.3) 1.02 (0.85-1.22) 0.87 PINX1-08 rs6601523 T/C TT 386 (39.3) 397 (37.6) 1.00 (ref) TC 455 (46.3) 491 (46.5) 0.9 (0.8-1.1) 0.54 CC 141 (14.4) 168 (15.9) 0.8 (0.7-1.1) 0.22 TC/CC 596 (60.7) 659 (62.4) 0.92 (0.77-1.10) 0.34 PINX1-13 rs1078543 A/T AA 697 (70.2) 764 (71.7) 1.00 (ref) AT 271 (27.3) 270 (25.3) 1.1 (0.9-1.3) 0.35 TT 25 (2.5) 32 (3.0) 0.9 (0.5-1.5) 0.66 AT/TT 296 (29.8) 302 (28.3) 1.08 (0.89-1.30) 0.45 PINX1-17 rs718742 A/C AA 396 (40.9) 436 (42.0) 1.00 (ref) AC 483 (49.9) 510 (49.1) 1.0 (0.9-1.3) 0.65 CC 89 (9.2) 92 (8.9) 1.1 (0.8-1.5) 0.59 AC/CC 572 (59.1) 602 (58.0) 1.05 (0.88-1.26) 0.58 PINX1-18 rs891554 G/C GG 551 (54.7) 569 (53.1) 1.00 (ref) GC 387 (38.5) 427 (39.8) 1.0 (0.8-1.1) 0.59 CC 68 (6.8) 76 (7.1) 1.0 (0.7-1.4) 0.79 GC/CC 455 (45.2) 503 (46.9) 0.95 (0.80-1.13) 0.57 PINX1-19 rs2271355 A/G AA 337 (34.6) 340 (32.7) 1.00 (ref) AG 465 (47.7) 518 (49.9) 0.9 (0.7-1.1) 0.33 GG 172 (17.7) 181 (17.4) 0.9 (0.7-1.2) 0.68 AG/GG 637 (65.4) 699 (67.3) 0.92 (0.76-1.10) 0.36 PINX1-25 rs6991499 A/G AA 327 (33.2) 355 (33.7) 1.00 (ref) AG 480 (48.8) 507 (48.2) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.83 GG 177 (18.0) 191 (18.1) 1.0 (0.8-1.3) 0.83 AG/GG 657 (66.8) 698 (66.3) 1.02 (0.85-1.23) 0.80 PINX1-26 rs6991526 A/G AA 312 (32.7) 337 (33.4) 1.00 (ref) AG 469 (49.1) 498 (49.3) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.92 GG 174 (18.2) 175 (17.3) 1.1 (0.8-1.4) 0.49 AG/GG 643 (67.3) 673 (66.6) 1.03 (0.86-1.25) 0.73 PINX1-27 rs7004998 C/A CC 396 (39.8) 420 (39.4) 1.00 (ref) CA 463 (46.5) 503 (47.1) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.84 AA 136 (13.7) 144 (13.5) 1.0 (0.8-1.4) 0.85 CA/AA 599 (60.2) 647 (60.6) 0.99 (0.83-1.18) 0.92 PINX1-28 rs11250078 T/C TT 396 (40.2) 417 (39.6) 1.00 (ref) TC 468 (47.5) 483 (45.8) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.95 CC 121 (12.3) 154 (14.6) 0.8 (0.6-1.1) 0.14 TC/CC 589 (59.8) 637 (60.4) 0.96 (0.80-1.15) 0.65 PINX1-33 rs2277130 C/G CC 391 (40.6) 401 (38.8) 1.00 (ref) CG 447 (46.4) 477 (46.1) 1.0 (0.8-1.1) 0.60 GG 125 (13.0) 156 (15.1) 0.8 (0.6-1.1) 0.15 CG/GG 572 (59.4) 633 (61.2) 0.92 (0.77-1.10) 0.34 PINX1-53 rs6601524 C/A CC 579 (58.0) 612 (57.2) 1.00 (ref) CA 355 (35.6) 395 (37.0) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.73 AA 64 (6.4) 62 (5.8) 1.1 (0.8-1.6) 0.54 CA/AA 419 (42.0) 457 (42.8) 0.99 (0.83-1.18) 0.90 PINX1-54 rs2116095 C/T CC 391 (40.6) 391 (38.2) 1.00 (ref) CT 442 (45.9) 464 (45.3) 0.9 (0.8-1.1) 0.54 TT 130 (13.5) 169 (16.5) 0.8 (0.6-0.9) 0.04 CT/TT 572 (59.4) 633 (61.8) 0.89 (0.75-1.07) 0.22 PINX1-55 rs6601525 C/T CC 301 (30.2) 323 (30.3) 1.00 (ref) CT 461 (46.2) 516 (48.3) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.73 TT 235 (23.6) 228 (21.4) 1.1 (0.9-1.4) 0.40 CT/TT 696 (69.8) 744 (69.7) 1.01 (0.84-1.22) 0.92 PINX1-63 rs718741 A/G AA 407 (40.3) 425 (39.5) 1.00 (ref) AG 473 (46.9) 484 (44.9) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.93 GG 129 (12.8) 168 (15.6) 0.8 (0.6-1.0) 0.08 AG/GG 602 (59.7) 652 (60.5) 0.95 (0.80-1.14) 0.58 PINX1-67 rs891555 A/G AA 545 (54.7) 561 (52.8) 1.00 (ref) AG 382 (38.4) 424 (39.9) 0.9 (0.8-1.1) 0.52 GG 69 (6.9) 78 (7.3) 0.9 (0.7-1.3) 0.75 AG/GG 451 (45.3) 502 (47.2) 0.94 (0.79-1.12) 0.51 PINX1-74 rs11250082 G/A GG 641 (64.9) 665 (62.5) 1.00 (ref) GA 304 (30.8) 345 (32.4) 0.9 (0.8-1.1) 0.39 AA 43 (4.3) 54 (5.1) 0.8 (0.5-1.3) 0.39 GA/AA 347 (35.1) 399 (37.5) 0.91 (0.76-1.09) 0.30 POT1-02 rs727506 T/C TT 338 (34.4) 395 (37.5) 1.00 (ref) TC 504 (51.3) 529 (50.3) 1.1 (0.9-1.3) 0.27 CC 141 (14.3) 128 (12.2) 1.3 (0.9-1.7) 0.06 TC/CC 645 (65.6) 657 (62.5) 1.15 (0.96-1.38) 0.13 POT1-03 rs33964002 G/A GG 482 (48.5) 460 (43.3) 1.00 (ref) GA 412 (41.5) 495 (46.5) 0.8 (0.6-0.9) 0.01 AA 99 (10.0) 108 (10.2) 0.9 (0.6-1.2) 0.34 GA/AA 511 (51.5) 603 (56.7) 0.79 (0.67-0.95) 0.01 POT1-04 rs12537161 C/T CC 382 (39.2) 428 (40.7) 1.00 (ref) CT 455 (46.6) 492 (46.9) 1.0 (0.9-1.2) 0.75 TT 139 (14.2) 130 (12.4) 1.2 (0.9-1.6) 0.17 CT/TT 594 (60.8) 622 (59.3) 1.07 (0.89-1.28) 0.47 POT1-07 rs7784168 A/G AA 482 (48.4) 467 (43.8) 1.00 (ref) AG 417 (41.8) 494 (46.3) 0.8 (0.7-0.9) 0.02 GG 98 (9.8) 105 (9.9) 0.9 (0.7-1.2) 0.47 AG/GG 515 (51.6) 599 (56.2) 0.82 (0.69-0.97) 0.02 POT1-08 rs7794637 G/A GG 470 (48.0) 460 (43.9) 1.00 (ref) GA 419 (42.7) 490 (46.8) 0.8 (0.7-0.9) 0.03 AA 91 (9.3) 97 (9.3) 0.9 (0.7-1.3) 0.58 GA/AA 510 (52.0) 587 (56.1) 0.83 (0.70-0.99) 0.04 POT1-09 rs10263573 T/A TT 360 (37.8) 406 (39.6) 1.00 (ref) TA 449 (47.2) 488 (47.6) 1.0 (0.9-1.3) 0.73 AA 143 (15.0) 131 (12.8) 1.2 (0.9-1.6) 0.12 TA/AA 592 (62.2) 619 (60.4) 1.08 (0.90-1.30) 0.41 POT1-11 rs10250202 T/G TT 376 (37.5) 428 (39.9) 1.00 (ref) TG 473 (47.2) 511 (47.6) 1.1 (0.9-1.3) 0.59 GG 153 (15.3) 134 (12.5) 1.3 (1.0-1.7) 0.04 TG/GG 626 (62.5) 645 (60.1) 1.11 (0.93-1.32) 0.26 POT1-18 rs1034794 A/T AA 476 (47.9) 469 (44.2) 1.00 (ref) AT 427 (43.0) 490 (46.1) 0.8 (0.7-1.0) 0.06 TT 91 (9.1) 103 (9.7) 0.9 (0.6-1.2) 0.34 AT/TT 518 (52.1) 593 (55.8) 0.85 (0.71-1.01) 0.06 POT1-44 rs727505 C/T CC 512 (51.6) 537 (50.7) 1.00 (ref) CT 407 (41.0) 440 (41.5) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.72 TT 74 (7.4) 83 (7.8) 0.9 (0.7-1.3) 0.69 CT/TT 481 (48.4) 523 (49.3) 0.96 (0.81-1.15) 0.66 RAD18-01 rs373572 A/G AA 504 (51.3) 570 (53.5) 1.00 (ref) AG 414 (42.1) 419 (39.3) 1.1 (0.9-1.3) 0.21 GG 65 (6.6) 77 (7.2) 1.0 (0.7-1.4) 0.98 AG/GG 479 (48.7) 496 (49.5) 1.10 (0.93-1.31) 0.27 TERC-01 rs2293607 A/G AA 600 (60.9) 645 (61.7) 1.00 (ref) AG 331 (33.6) 360 (34.4) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.92 GG 55 (5.5) 41 (3.9) 1.4 (0.9-2.2) 0.10 AG/GG 386 (39.2) 401 (38.3) 1.03 (0.86-1.24) 0.71 TERF1-01 rs2306492 G/A GG 441 (45.2) 462 (44.0) 1.00 (ref) GA 439 (45.0) 486 (46.3) 1.0 (0.8-1.1) 0.61 AA 95 (9.8) 102 (9.7) 1.0 (0.7-1.4) 0.96 GA/AA 534 (54.8) 588 (56.0) 0.96 (0.80-1.14) 0.64 TERF1-04 rs2306494 A/G AA 453 (45.6) 476 (44.8) 1.00 (ref) AG 437 (44.0) 478 (45.0) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.67 GG 103 (10.4) 109 (10.2) 1.0 (0.7-1.3) 0.99 AG/GG 540 (54.4) 587 (55.2) 0.97 (0.81-1.15) 0.72 TERF1-06 rs3863242 C/T CC 319 (32.5) 315 (30.1) 1.00 (ref) CT 459 (46.8) 553 (52.8) 0.8 (0.7-1.0) 0.06 TT 203 (20.7) 180 (17.2) 1.1 (0.9-1.4) 0.42 CT/TT 662 (67.5) 733 (69.9) 0.90 (0.74-1.08) 0.26 TERF1-27 rs10106086 G/A GG 401 (41.4) 441 (42.9) 1.00 (ref) GA 459 (47.4) 478 (46.5) 1.1 (0.9-1.3) 0.60 AA 109 (11.2) 108 (10.5) 1.1 (0.8-1.5) 0.52 GA/AA 568 (58.6) 586 (57.1) 1.06 (0.89-1.27) 0.52 TERF2-01 rs153045 A/G AA 437 (45.0) 463 (44.3) 1.00 (ref) AG 412 (42.4) 455 (43.5) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.73 GG 123 (12.6) 127 (12.2) 1.0 (0.8-1.4) 0.88 AG/GG 535 (55.0) 582 (55.7) 0.98 (0.82-1.17) 0.82 TERF2-03 rs35439397 G/A GG 663 (67.3) 723 (68.9) 1.00 (ref) GA 289 (29.3) 282 (26.9) 1.1 (0.9-1.3) 0.37 AA 33 (3.4) 44 (4.2) 0.8 (0.5-1.3) 0.37 GA/AA 322 (32.7) 326 (31.1) 1.06 (0.88-1.27) 0.57 TERF2-14 rs251796 T/C TT 477 (49.0) 513 (48.4) 1.00 (ref) TC 398 (40.9) 439 (41.5) 1.0 (0.8-1.2) 0.94 CC 99 (10.1) 107 (10.1) 1.0 (0.7-1.3)
Recommended publications
  • Genetics of Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (FNMTC)
    cancers Review Genetics of Familial Non-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (FNMTC) Chiara Diquigiovanni * and Elena Bonora Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-051-208-8418 Simple Summary: Non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC) originates from thyroid follicular epithelial cells and is considered familial when occurs in two or more first-degree relatives of the patient, in the absence of predisposing environmental factors. Familial NMTC (FNMTC) cases show a high genetic heterogeneity, thus impairing the identification of pivotal molecular changes. In the past years, linkage-based approaches identified several susceptibility loci and variants associated with NMTC risk, however only few genes have been identified. The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies has improved the discovery of new predisposing genes. In this review we report the most significant genes where variants predispose to FNMTC, with the perspective that the integration of these new molecular findings in the clinical data of patients might allow an early detection and tailored therapy of the disease, optimizing patient management. Abstract: Non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor and originates from the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid. Familial NMTC (FNMTC) has been defined in pedigrees where two or more first-degree relatives of the patient present the disease in absence of other predisposing environmental factors. Compared to sporadic cases, FNMTCs are often multifocal, recurring more frequently and showing an early age at onset with a worse outcome. FNMTC cases Citation: Diquigiovanni, C.; Bonora, E.
    [Show full text]
  • Pinx1: Structure, Regulation and Its Functions in Cancer
    www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Oncotarget, Vol. 7, No. 40 Review PinX1: structure, regulation and its functions in cancer Hai-Long Li1,2,*, Jun Song3,4,*, Hong-Mei Yong5,*, Ping-Fu Hou1,3, Yan-Su Chen1,3, Wen-Bo Song1, Jin Bai1 and Jun-Nian Zheng1,3 1 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China 2 Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China 3 Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China 4 Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China 5 Department of Medical Oncology, Huai’an Hospital to Xuzhou Medical College, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China * These authors have contributed equally to this study Correspondence to: Jun-Nian Zheng, email: [email protected] Correspondence to: Jin Bai, email: [email protected] Keywords: PinX1; cancer; structure; regulation; function Received: March 14, 2016 Accepted: August 09, 2016 Published: August 19, 2016 ABSTRACT PIN2/TRF1-interacting telomerase inhibitor 1 (PinX1) is a novel cloned gene located at human chromosome 8p23, playing a vital role in maintaining telomeres length and chromosome stability. It has been demonstrated to be involved in tumor genesis and progression in most malignancies. However, some researches showed opposing molecular status of PinX1 gene and its expression patterns in several other types of tumors. The pathogenic mechanism of PinX1 expression in human malignancy is not yet clear. Moreover, emerging evidence suggest that PinX1 (especially its TID domain) might be a potential new target cancer treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • Produktinformation
    Produktinformation Diagnostik & molekulare Diagnostik Laborgeräte & Service Zellkultur & Verbrauchsmaterial Forschungsprodukte & Biochemikalien Weitere Information auf den folgenden Seiten! See the following pages for more information! Lieferung & Zahlungsart Lieferung: frei Haus Bestellung auf Rechnung SZABO-SCANDIC Lieferung: € 10,- HandelsgmbH & Co KG Erstbestellung Vorauskassa Quellenstraße 110, A-1100 Wien T. +43(0)1 489 3961-0 Zuschläge F. +43(0)1 489 3961-7 [email protected] • Mindermengenzuschlag www.szabo-scandic.com • Trockeneiszuschlag • Gefahrgutzuschlag linkedin.com/company/szaboscandic • Expressversand facebook.com/szaboscandic TNKS2 Antibody, HRP conjugated Product Code CSB-PA867136LB01HU Abbreviation Tankyrase-2 Storage Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze. Uniprot No. Q9H2K2 Immunogen Recombinant Human Tankyrase-2 protein (1-246AA) Raised In Rabbit Species Reactivity Human Tested Applications ELISA Relevance Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase involved in various processes such as Wnt signaling pathway, telomere length and vesicle trafficking. Acts as an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation of AXIN1 and AXIN2, 2 key components of the beta-catenin destruction complex: poly-ADP- ribosylated target proteins are recognized by RNF146, which mediates their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Also mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation of BLZF1 and CASC3, followed by recruitment of RNF146 and subsequent ubiquitination. Mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation of TERF1, thereby contributing
    [Show full text]
  • Rat Anti-TERF1 Monoclonal Antibody, Clone 683D (CABT-RM172) This Product Is for Research Use Only and Is Not Intended for Diagnostic Use
    Rat Anti-TERF1 monoclonal antibody, clone 683D (CABT-RM172) This product is for research use only and is not intended for diagnostic use. PRODUCT INFORMATION Specificity Specifically detects murine Telomeric repeat-binding factor 1 (TRF1). Target TERF1 Immunogen His-tagged full-length recombinant mouse Telomeric repeat-binding factor 1 (TRF1). Isotype IgG1, κ Source/Host Rat Species Reactivity Mouse Clone 683D Purification Protein G purified Conjugate unconjugated Applications FC, ICC, IF, WB Molecular Weight ~51 kDa observed; 48.22 kDa calculated. Uncharacterized bands may be observed in some lysate(s). Format Liquid Size 100 μg, 25 μg Buffer 0.1 M Tris-Glycine (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl Preservative 0.05% sodium azide Storage Stable for 1 year at 2-8°C from date of receipt. Warnings Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals. 45-1 Ramsey Road, Shirley, NY 11967, USA Email: [email protected] Tel: 1-631-624-4882 Fax: 1-631-938-8221 1 © Creative Diagnostics All Rights Reserved BACKGROUND Introduction Telomeric repeat-binding factor 1 is encoded by the Terf1 gene in murine species. TRF1 is a component of the shelterin complex that is involved in the regulation of telomere length and protection. It binds to telomeric DNA as a homodimer and protects telomeres.
    [Show full text]
  • Expression of MCRS1 and MCRS2 and Their Correlation with Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Colorectal Cancer
    EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE 12: 589-596, 2016 Expression of MCRS1 and MCRS2 and their correlation with serum carcinoembryonic antigen in colorectal cancer CHENGUANG LI1,2, MINGXIAO CHEN1, PINGWEI ZHAO1, DESALEGN ADMASSU AYANA3, LEI WANG1 and YANFANG JIANG2 1Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130032; 2Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130032, P.R. China; 3Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa 3000, Ethiopia Received June 30, 2015; Accepted March 3, 2016 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3424 Abstract. Cancer-associated genes serve a crucial role in patients with CRC. The results suggest that increased MCRS1 carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the and decreased MCRS2 expression appeared to be involved mRNA expression levels of microspherule protein 1 (MCRS1) in the pathogenesis of CRC. The present study provides and MCRS2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their associa- evidence suggesting that MCRS1 and MCRS2 may identify tion with clinical variables. The mRNA expression levels of CRC patients at a risk of disease relapse, and thus, may be MCRS1 and MCRS2 were assessed by semi-quantitative potential tools for monitoring disease activity and act as novel reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in the tumor diagnostic markers in the treatment of CRC. and corresponding non-tumor tissues of 54 newly-diagnosed CRC patients, as well as in the normal colonic mucosa tissue of Introduction 19 age/gender‑matched healthy controls. Immunofluorescence was also employed to identify the expression of MCRS1 in Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malig- CRC tissues, while the concentration of serum carcinoem- nant tumors, with high incidence rate and mortality.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genetics and Clinical Manifestations of Telomere Biology Disorders Sharon A
    REVIEW The genetics and clinical manifestations of telomere biology disorders Sharon A. Savage, MD1, and Alison A. Bertuch, MD, PhD2 3 Abstract: Telomere biology disorders are a complex set of illnesses meric sequence is lost with each round of DNA replication. defined by the presence of very short telomeres. Individuals with classic Consequently, telomeres shorten with aging. In peripheral dyskeratosis congenita have the most severe phenotype, characterized blood leukocytes, the cells most extensively studied, the rate 4 by the triad of nail dystrophy, abnormal skin pigmentation, and oral of attrition is greatest during the first year of life. Thereafter, leukoplakia. More significantly, these individuals are at very high risk telomeres shorten more gradually. When the extent of telo- of bone marrow failure, cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis. A mutation in meric DNA loss exceeds a critical threshold, a robust anti- one of six different telomere biology genes can be identified in 50–60% proliferative signal is triggered, leading to cellular senes- of these individuals. DKC1, TERC, TERT, NOP10, and NHP2 encode cence or apoptosis. Thus, telomere attrition is thought to 1 components of telomerase or a telomerase-associated factor and TINF2, contribute to aging phenotypes. 5 a telomeric protein. Progressively shorter telomeres are inherited from With the 1985 discovery of telomerase, the enzyme that ex- generation to generation in autosomal dominant dyskeratosis congenita, tends telomeric nucleotide repeats, there has been rapid progress resulting in disease anticipation. Up to 10% of individuals with apparently both in our understanding of basic telomere biology and the con- acquired aplastic anemia or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis also have short nection of telomere biology to human disease.
    [Show full text]
  • DATASHEET USA: [email protected]
    DATASHEET USA: [email protected] FOR IN VITRO RESEARCH USE ONLY Europe: [email protected] NOT FOR USE IN HUMANS OR ANIMALS China: [email protected] MCRS1 Polyclonal Anbody Catalog number: 11362-1-AP Background Size: 45 μg/150 μl MCRS1, also named INO80Q, MSP58 or p78, is a nucleolar protein expressed in the Source: Rabbit very early S phase. It modulates the transcripon repressor acvity of DAXX by Isotype: IgG recruing it to the nucleolus. MCRS1 is also present on polyribosomes of Synonyms: synaptoneurosome as a novel RNA-binding protein to acvate the rRNA MCRS1; 58 kDa microspherule transcripon. The forkhead-associated domain of MCRS1 is involved in associaon protein, ICP22BP, INO80 with centrosomal protein Nde1, comprising a component of the centrosome and complex subunit J, INO80Q, taking an essenal role in viability. Its isoform MCRS2 might be a linker between MCRS1, MCRS2, microspherule telomere maintenance and cell-cycle regulaon by interacng with LPTS/PinX1, a protein 1, MSP58, P78 telomerase-inhibitory protein. MCRS1 is detected by Western blot as a highly modified protein at 78 kDa and minor bands at about 62 and 55 kDa. Applications Tested applicaons: ELISA, WB Cited applicaons: WB Species specificity: Human,Mouse,Rat; other species not tested. Cited species: Human, mouse HeLa cells were subjected to SDS Caculated MCRS1 MW: 51 kDa PAGE followed by western blot with 11362-1-AP(MCRS1 anbody) at Observed MCRS1 MW: 55 kDa diluon of 1:500 Posive WB detected in HeLa cells, human brain ssue, human liver ssue, human spleen ssue, Jurkat cells, mouse spleen ssue, mouse uterus ssue, rat spleen ssue Recommended diluon: WB: 1:500-1:5000 Applicaon key: WB = Western blong, IHC = Immunohistochemistry, IF = Immunofluorescence, IP = Immunoprecipitaon Immunogen information Immunogen: Ag1904 GenBank accession number: BC011794 Gene ID (NCBI): 10445 Full name: Microspherule protein 1 Product information Purificaon method: Angen affinity purificaon Storage: PBS with 0.1% sodium azide and 50% glycerol pH 7.3.
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Binding Features of Human POT1 a NONAMER 5Ј-TAGGGTTAG-3Ј MINIMAL BINDING SITE, SEQUENCE SPECIFICITY, and INTERNAL BINDING to MULTIMERIC SITES*
    THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Vol. 279, No. 13, Issue of March 26, pp. 13241–13248, 2004 © 2004 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. DNA Binding Features of Human POT1 A NONAMER 5Ј-TAGGGTTAG-3Ј MINIMAL BINDING SITE, SEQUENCE SPECIFICITY, AND INTERNAL BINDING TO MULTIMERIC SITES* Received for publication, November 10, 2003, and in revised form, January 7, 2004 Published, JBC Papers in Press, January 7, 2004, DOI 10.1074/jbc.M312309200 Diego Loayza‡§, Heather Parsons‡, Jill Donigian, Kristina Hoke¶, and Titia de Langeʈ From the Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 The human telomeric protein POT1 is known to bind tankyrase 1 and 2, Tin2, PINX1, and POT1 are recruited to single-stranded telomeric DNA in vitro and to partici- telomeres by TRF1 (4). The TRF1 complex is involved in the pate in the regulation of telomere maintenance by te- regulation of telomere length by cis-inhibition of telomerase. In lomerase in vivo. We examined the in vitro DNA binding telomerase-positive cells, the overexpression of TRF1 leads to features of POT1. We report that deleting the oligosac- telomere shortening, and the expression of a dominant nega- charide/oligonucleotide-binding fold of POT1 abrogates tive form leads to telomere elongation (5). The relationship its DNA binding activity. The minimal binding site between TRF1 and telomerase regulation at the 3Ј telomere (MBS) for POT1 was found to be the telomeric nonamer terminus is poorly understood. ؅ ؅ 5 -TAGGGTTAG-3 , and the optimal substrate is The human single-stranded telomeric DNA-binding protein [TTAGGG]n (n > 2).
    [Show full text]
  • Telomere-Regulating Genes and the Telomere Interactome in Familial Cancers
    Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on September 22, 2014; DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-14-0305 Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited. Telomere-regulating Genes and the Telomere Interactome in Familial Cancers Authors: Carla Daniela Robles-Espinoza1, Martin del Castillo Velasco-Herrera1, Nicholas K. Hayward2 and David J. Adams1 Affiliations: 1Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK 2Oncogenomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Corresponding author: Carla Daniela Robles-Espinoza, Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambs., UK. CB10 1SA. Telephone: +44 1223 834244, Fax +44 1223 494919, E-mail: [email protected] Financial support: C.D.R.-E., M.d.C.V.H. and D.J.A. were supported by Cancer Research UK and the Wellcome Trust (WT098051). C.D.R.-E. was also supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología of Mexico. N.K.H. was supported by a fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC). Running title: Telomere-regulating genes in familial cancers Keywords: Telomeres, telomerase, shelterin, germline variation, cancer predisposition Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Word count: 6,362 (including figure legends) Number of figures and tables: 2 figures in main text, 3 tables in supplementary material 1 Downloaded from mcr.aacrjournals.org on September 29, 2021. © 2014 American Association for Cancer Research. Author Manuscript Published OnlineFirst on September 22, 2014; DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-14-0305 Author manuscripts have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication but have not yet been edited.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural and Functional Consequences of a Disease Mutation in the Telomere Protein TPP1
    Structural and functional consequences of a disease mutation in the telomere protein TPP1 Kamlesh Bishta,1, Eric M. Smitha,b,1, Valerie M. Tesmera, and Jayakrishnan Nandakumara,b,2 aDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and bProgram in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 Edited by Joachim Lingner, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, and accepted by Editorial Board Member Dinshaw J. Patel September 29, 2016 (received for review April 8, 2016) Telomerase replicates chromosome ends to facilitate continued cell The discovery of the TEL patch of TPP1 prompted the pre- division. Mutations that compromise telomerase function result in diction that this region could be a hotspot for mutations that stem cell failure diseases, such as dyskeratosis congenita (DC). One cause telomerase-deficiency diseases, such as DC. We recently such mutation (K170Δ), residing in the telomerase-recruitment factor reported a case of a severe variant of DC, Hoyeraal–Hreidarsson TPP1, provides an excellent opportunity to structurally, biochemi- syndrome (23), in which the proband was heterozygous for a cally, and genetically dissect the mechanism of such diseases. We deletion of a single amino acid of the TPP1 protein, namely lysine ACD show through site-directed mutagenesis and X-ray crystallography 170 (K170) (24). Our study placed the gene coding for TPP1 DKC1 TERC TERT that this TPP1 disease mutation deforms the conformation of two protein on a list with 10 other genes ( , , , RTEL1 TINF2 CTC1 NOP10 NHP2 WRAP53 PARN critical amino acids of the TEL [TPP1’s glutamate (E) and leucine-rich , , , , , ,and ) that are found mutated in DC and other telomere-related dis- (L)] patch, the surface of TPP1 that binds telomerase.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kinesin Spindle Protein Inhibitor Filanesib Enhances the Activity of Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma
    Plasma Cell Disorders SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDIX The kinesin spindle protein inhibitor filanesib enhances the activity of pomalidomide and dexamethasone in multiple myeloma Susana Hernández-García, 1 Laura San-Segundo, 1 Lorena González-Méndez, 1 Luis A. Corchete, 1 Irena Misiewicz- Krzeminska, 1,2 Montserrat Martín-Sánchez, 1 Ana-Alicia López-Iglesias, 1 Esperanza Macarena Algarín, 1 Pedro Mogollón, 1 Andrea Díaz-Tejedor, 1 Teresa Paíno, 1 Brian Tunquist, 3 María-Victoria Mateos, 1 Norma C Gutiérrez, 1 Elena Díaz- Rodriguez, 1 Mercedes Garayoa 1* and Enrique M Ocio 1* 1Centro Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (CSIC-USAL) and Hospital Universitario-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; 2National Medicines Insti - tute, Warsaw, Poland and 3Array BioPharma, Boulder, Colorado, USA *MG and EMO contributed equally to this work ©2017 Ferrata Storti Foundation. This is an open-access paper. doi:10.3324/haematol. 2017.168666 Received: March 13, 2017. Accepted: August 29, 2017. Pre-published: August 31, 2017. Correspondence: [email protected] MATERIAL AND METHODS Reagents and drugs. Filanesib (F) was provided by Array BioPharma Inc. (Boulder, CO, USA). Thalidomide (T), lenalidomide (L) and pomalidomide (P) were purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA), dexamethasone (D) from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA) and bortezomib from LC Laboratories (Woburn, MA, USA). Generic chemicals were acquired from Sigma Chemical Co., Roche Biochemicals (Mannheim, Germany), Merck & Co., Inc. (Darmstadt, Germany). MM cell lines, patient samples and cultures. Origin, authentication and in vitro growth conditions of human MM cell lines have already been characterized (17, 18). The study of drug activity in the presence of IL-6, IGF-1 or in co-culture with primary bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) or the human mesenchymal stromal cell line (hMSC–TERT) was performed as described previously (19, 20).
    [Show full text]
  • (AS) Alternative Splicing Variants and TERF2 in Osteosarcoma
    Research EUR. J. ONCOL.; Vol. 21, n. 4, pp. 227-237, 2016 © Mattioli 1885 Expression of TERT (AS) alternative splicing variants and TERF2 in osteosarcoma Indhira Dias Oliveira1,2, Antonio Sergio Petrilli1, Carla Renata Pacheco Donato Macedo1, Maria Teresa de Seixas Alves1,3, Reinaldo de Jesus Garcia Filho1,4, Silvia Regina Caminada Toledo1,2 1 Pediatric Oncology Institute/GRAACC, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; 2 Department of Morphology and Genetics, Division of Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; 3De- partment of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; 4Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Summary. Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and ado- lescents. Mechanisms of telomere maintenance (TMM) are central features of the tumor cells to maintaining their proliferative capacity. Aim: In this study, we investigated the expression of TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) alternative splicing (AS) variants, TERC (telomerase RNA component), TERF1 (telomeric repeat binding factor 1) and TERF2 (telomeric repeat binding factor 2) and quantified telomerase enzyme activity in samples of OS, correlating with clinical and pathological aspects. Methods: A total of 70 fragments of OS tumor samples and 10 normal bone samples (NB) were used for the analysis of gene expression by nested RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction) and qPCR (quantitative real time PCR). For the quantification of telomerase by TRAP assay we used 20 OS samples and two NB samples. Results: We observed the expression of TERT in 44% of the tumors and full length (FL) isoform in only 4%.
    [Show full text]