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ORDINES◆ MILITARES COLLOQUIA TORUNENSIA HISTORICA Yearbook for the Study of the Military Orders vol. XIX (2014) Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu Toruń 2014 Editorial Board Roman Czaja, Editor in Chief, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń Jürgen Sarnowsky, Editor in Chief, University of Hamburg Jochen Burgtorf, California State University Sylvain Gouguenheim, École Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Lyon Hubert Houben, Università del Salento Lecce Alan V. Murray, University of Leeds Krzysztof Kwiatkowski, Assistant Editor, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń Reviewers: Udo Arnold, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (retired) Karl Borchardt, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, München Jochen Burgtorf, Department of History, California State University Wiesław Długokęcki, Institute of History, University of Gdańsk Marie-Luise Favreau-Lilie, Friedrich-Meinecke-Institut, Freie Universität Berlin Alan Forey, Durham University (retired) Mario Glauert, Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv in Potsdam Sylvain Gouguenheim, Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Lyon Dieter Heckmann, Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin-Dahlem Ilgvars Misāns, Faculty of History and Philosophy, University of Latvia, Riga Maria Starnawska, Institute of History, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa Sławomir Zonenberg, Institute of History and International Relationships, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz Janusz Tandecki, Institut of History and Archival Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń Matthias Thumser, Friedrich-Meinecke-Institut, Freie Universität Berlin Address of Editorial Office: Instytut Historii i Archiwistyki UMK, ul. Władysława Bojarskiego 1 87-100 Toruń e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Subscriptions orders shoud be addressed to: [email protected] Czasopismo jest wydawane na zasadach licencji niewyłącznej Creative Commons i dystrybuowane w wersji elektronicznej Open Access przez Akadmicką Platformę Czasopism www.apcz.pl Printed in Poland © Copyright by Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika © Copyright by Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu Toruń 2014 ISSN 0867–2008 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS UNIVERSITY PRESS Editorial Office: ul. Gagarina 5, 87-100 Toruń tel. (0) 56 611 42 95, fax (0) 56 611 47 05 e-mail: [email protected] Distribution: ul. Reja 25, 87-100 Toruń tel./fax (0) 56 611 42 38 e-mail: [email protected] www.wydawnictwoumk.pl 1st. ed. 300 copy Print: Nicolaus Copernicus University Press ul. Gagarina 5, 87–100 Toruń CONTENTS I. STUDIES AND ARTICLES FROM THE 17TH ORDINES MILITARES CONFERENCE Jochen Burgtorf (Fullerton) Das Netzwerk der Montaigus zwischen Okzident und Orient ..................... 9 Alan Forey (Kirtlington) Procedures for the Settlement of Disputes between Military Orders in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries........................................................................ 27 Libor Jan (Brno) Ausgewählte Karrieren der böhmischen Johanniter im 14. Jahrhundert ..... 41 Rafał Kubicki (Gdańsk) Das Verhältnis des Deutschen Ordens zu den Mühlenbesitzern und Müllern in Preußen .................................................................................................. 53 Juhan Kreem (Tallinn) Netzwerke um Jaspert von Munster. Der Deutsche Orden während der livländischen Koadjutorfehde im Jahre 1556 ..................................................... 73 Kristjan Toomaspoeg (Lecce) Die Brüder des Deutschen Ordens in Italien ..................................................... 87 Thomas Krämer (Köln) Die Beziehungen der südfranzösischen Ritterorden zu Juristen. Aufbau, Pflege und Nutzen von Netzwerken .................................................................... 115 Nicholas Coureas (Nicosia) Between Hospitaller Rhodes and Lusignan Cyprus: The Case of the Zaplana Family .................................................................................................. 143 Dieter Heckmann (Berlin) Der öffentliche Notar im Geflecht der preußischen Schreiber des frühen 15. Jahrhunderts ....................................................................................................... 157 4 CONTENTS II. OTHER STUDIES Joachim Rother (Bamberg) Embracing Death, Celebrating Life: Reflections on the Concept of Martyrdom in the Order of the Knights Templar ............................................ 169 Klaus Militzer (Köln) Die Rechtfertigung des ehemaligen Landkomturs der Ballei Elsass- Burgund von 1443 ................................................................................................... 193 Johannes A. Mol (Leeuwarden/Leiden) Traitor to Livonia? The Teutonic Orders’ land marshal Jasper van Munster and his actions at the outset of the Livonian crisis, 1554–1556 .................... 205 Udo Arnold (Bonn) Tannenberg (Grunwald) in der deutschen Tradition des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts ....................................................................................................... 241 III. BOOK REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES Les Ordres militaires dans la ville médiévale (1100–1350), sous la direction de Damien Carraz (Karl Borchardt) ....................................................................................... 257 Maciej Dorna, Die Brüder des Deutschen Ordens in Preußen 1228–1309. Eine prosopographische Studie (Radosław Krajniak) ................................................................. 260 Jan Gancewski, Folwarki państwa zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach w latach 1466– –1525. Struktura – produkcja – przemiany – reformy – znaczenie (Rafał Kubicki) 263 Marcus Wüst, Studien zur Selbstverständnis des Deutschen Ordens im Mittelalter (Stefan Kwiatkowski) ............................................................................................................. 266 Adrian J. Boas, Montfort Castle, the Western Wing and the Great Hall (Shlomo Lotan) 270 Rafał Kubicki, Młynarstwo w państwie zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach w XIII–XV wieku (do 1454 r.) (Alicja Mutrynowska) .......................................................................... 271 La mémoire des origines dans les ordres religieux-militaires au Moyen Âge, Actes des journées d’études de Göttingen (25–26 juin 2009), eds. Philippe Josserand, Mathieu Olivier (Piotr Oliński) ......................................................................................... 273 Actas do I Colóquio Internacional: Cister, os Templários e a Ordem de Cristo, eds. José Albuquerque Carreiras, Giulia Rossi Vairo (Magdalena Satora) ......................... 279 Radosław Krajniak, Duchowieństwo kapituły katedralnej w Chełmży do 1466 roku. Studium prozopograficzne (Remigius Stachowiak) .......................................................... 282 Arguments and counter-arguments. The political thought of the 14th – and 15th centuries during the Polish-Teutonic Order trial and disputes, ed. Wiesław Sieradzan (Marcin Sumowski) ............................................................................................. 284 CONTENTS 5 Mathis Mager, Krisenerfahrung und Bewältigungsstrategien des Johanniterordens nach der Eroberung von Rhodos 1522 (Jürgen Sarnowsky) ............................................ 286 Zakon krzyżacki w Prusach i Inflantach: podziały administracyjne i kościelne w XIII–XVI wieku, eds. Roman Czaja, Andrzej Radzimiński (Tomasz Borowski) ....... 289 Crusading and Chronicle Writing on the Medieval Baltic Frontier. A Companion to the Chronicle of Henry of Livonia, eds. Marek Tamm, Linda Kaljundi, Carsten Selch Jensen (Radosław Biskup) .......................................................................................... 295 Cura animarum. Seelsorge im Deutschordensland Preußen, hrsg. v. Stefan Samerski (Krzysztof Kwiatkowski) ........................................................................................................ 299 Jürgen Sarnowsky, On the Military Orders in Medieval Europe. Structures and Perceptions (Krzysztof Kwiatkowski) ................................................................................... 309 I STUDIES AND ARTICLES FROM THE 17TH ORDINES MILITARES CONFERENCE ORDINES◆ MILITARES XIX Yearbook for the Study of the Military Orders 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/OM.2014.001 Jochen Burgtorf (Fullerton) DAS NETZWERK DER MONTAIGUS ZWISCHEN OKZIDENT UND ORIENT keywords networks; Middle Ages; crusades; Montaigu-family; Auvergne; Cyprus n der zeitgenössischen Chronik des Zisterziensers Alberich von Troisfontai- nes heisst es zum Jahr 1219: „Nachdem Bischof Robert von Le Puy ermordet Iworden war, folgte [ihm auf dem Bischofsstuhl] Bernhard von Montaigu, der Neffe des Bruders Eustorg von der Auvergne, des Erzbischofs von Nikosia, und des Bischofs von Limassol, Fulk, und des Bruders Fulk, und des Bruders Peter, des Templermeisters, und des Bruders Garin, des Johannitermeisters“.1 Gegen Alberichs eingangs zitierte Behauptung sind sieben Bedenken erhoben worden. Erstens: Das Kognomen Mons Acutus („Montaigu“) bezöge sich nicht notwendigerweise auf die Auvergne; es tauche als Ortsname „Monteagudo“ auch in Spanien auf.2 Jedoch erscheint Mons Acutus in verschiedenen volkssprachlichen Adaptionen praktisch überall.3 Die Variante „Montaigu(t)“ findet man besonders 1 Chronica Albrici monachi Trium Fontium a monacho Novi Monasterii Hoiensis interpolata, hrsg. v. P. Scheffer-Boichorst, in: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, Bd. XXIII, Hanno- ver 1874, S. 909: Episcopo Roberto de Podio occiso, succedit Bernardus de Monteacuto, nepos ex fratre Eustorgii de Alvernia, Nichosiensis archiepiscopi,
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    Online-Texte der Evangelischen Akademie Bad Boll Aufstände in Galiläa Schriftliche Berichte und archäologische Funde Dr. Yinon Shivtiel Ein Beitrag aus der Tagung: Bauern, Fischer und Propheten. Neues aus Galiläa zur Zeit Jesu Archäologie und Theologie im Neuen Testament Bad Boll, 7. - 8. Mai 2011, Tagungsnummer: 500211 Tagungsleitung: Dr. Thilo Fitzner _____________________________________________________________________________ Bitte beachten Sie: Dieser Text ist ausschließlich zum persönlichen, privaten Gebrauch bestimmt. Jede weitere Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung bedarf der ausdrücklichen Genehmigung des Urhebers/der Urheberin bzw. der Evangelischen Akade- mie Bad Boll. © 2011 Alle Rechte beim Autor/bei der Autorin dieses Textes Eine Stellungnahme der Evangelischen Akademie Bad Boll ist mit der Veröffentlichung dieses Textes nicht ausge- sprochen. Evangelische Akademie Bad Boll Akademieweg 11, D-73087 Bad Boll E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.ev-akademie-boll.de Cliff Settlements, Shelters and Refuge Caves in the Galilee1 Yinon Shivtiel2 The1existence of intricate systems of intercon- nected refuge caves in2the Judean Desert has been known for a long time, and has been the subject of many publications, including one in this volume.3 These systems were attributed by researchers to the period of the Bar Kokhba rebellion. One of the researchers suggested in his article that over 20 similar systems existed in the Galilee (Shahar 2003, 232-235). The pur- pose of this article is to show that the cave sys- tems in the Galilee served not only as places Figure 1. Two coins from Akhbarah. of refuge, but also as escape routes for local villagers. The common denominator of these the time-range and the simultaneity of prepa- systems was their complexity, as compared rations of the caves for refuge suggest that the with cliff-top caves, as they are currently acces- methods of enlarging and preparing these caves sible only by rappelling.
  • The Relics of St Barbara at Althaus Kulm

    The Relics of St Barbara at Althaus Kulm

    Zapiski Historyczne t. 85, 2020, z. 1, s. 5 – 50 ISSN 0044-1791 http://dx.doi.org/10.15762/ZH.2020.01 GREGORY LEIGHTON* https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-2313 The Relics of St Barbara at Althaus Kulm: History, Patronages, and Insight into the Teutonic Order and the Christian Population in Prussia (Thirteenth–Fifteenth Centuries) Abstract This article summarizes the history of the relics of St Barbara in Althaus Kulm (Staro- gród Chełmiński), a topic with extensive research in Polish and German circles, but only recently addressed by scholarship in English. It begins with an overview of the relics’ his- tory and a summary of St Barbara’s vita, pointing out the quick rise in her cult in the Teu- tonic Order’s Prussian territory (Ordensland). Following this, it assesses the function of the relics through three lenses: warfare, daily life, and as a symbol of the Order’s power using three methodological frameworks. These are hierophany (manifestations of the sacred) for warfare, naming practices for studying the impact of St Barbara on the local population, and as a reflection of the Order’s territorial power (Landesherrschaft). The article ultimately demonstrates that the relics were a significant element of the multifaceted structure of re- ligious life in medieval Prussia, both within and outside of the Teutonic Order. Appended to the text are two previously unpublished accounts of the relics of St Barbara and their arrival in Althaus, demonstrating the reputation of the shrine not just in the Ordensland, but within Christendom. It concludes with a summary of the research findings, and a con- sideration of these findings in light of more ‘recent’ interpretations of the Teutonic Order and the Prussian Crusades.