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Issue 4 May 2015 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Volume 11 Issue 4 May 2015 www.nasa.gov A QUARTER-CENTURY lateR, HUBBLE CONTINUES to INSPIRE GoddardView fter Galileo developed the first skyward-pointing of corrective optics during the first servicing mission would telescope in the early 1600s, subsequent genera- remedy the problem and, within a month, Hubble began tions of astronomers would be able to see into the producing sharper images. Trending – 2 Acosmos far beyond the limitations of the naked eye. His A Quarter-Century Later, Hubble innovation would forever change our understanding of the Four more servicing missions provided vital repairs, as Continues to Inspire – 3 universe and mankind’s place within it. well as upgrades, that gave Hubble new capabilities each Hubble Technology Not Just for the mission, enabling it to continue making new observations In the following centuries, however, Earth’s atmosphere and generating more breathtaking images. Thanks to suc- Stars – 5 proved frustrating for space explorers. Cloudy nights, cessful servicing, Hubble is at its peak of scientific capa- Goddard Celebrates the Birthday of an the refraction of light and the absorption of some of the bility even now, and it is expected to continue high levels Observatory – 6 electromagnetic spectrum of light would limit the ability of scientific return for several years to come. The G-Team: Building the Next Space of telescopes to make detailed observations of celestial Washington Nationals Honor Hubble Telescope – 8 objects. Today, even after a quarter of a century, The Washington Nationals baseball Hubble Q&A With Goddard’s Jennifer teams of engineers continue to operate team paid tribute to NASA and the Hub- The idea of sending into space a Hubble and ensure its health, safety and Wiseman – 10 ble Space Telescope during their game telescope that could transcend the extraordinary scientific productivity. against the St. Louis Cardinals on April Washington Airports Put Hubble blurring effects of the atmosphere 22. The evening featured a pregame Accomplishments on Display – 11 first surfaced in the 1920s. During The longer-than-expected duration of introduction as well as a Hubble-themed NASA Goddard Opens Its Doors – 12 the 1970s, NASA and its partners Hubble’s mission is also a testament mascot race. set out to build such a telescope to the hard work, commitment and vi- that would travel in low Earth orbit sion exhibited by the people at NASA’s On the cover: NASA unveils “Celestial and see more clearly than any of Goddard Space Flight Center. When the Goddard Celebrates Earth Day Fireworks” as the official image for the its predecessors, thus allowing it to idea for Hubble was first conceived, the explore the distant universe in more agency turned to Goddard for the de- Employees from Goddard, NASA Hubble Space Telescope’s 25th anniver- Headquarters and other NASA cen- detail than had ever been possible. velopment of scientific instruments and sary during a press conference at the ters celebrated Earth Day with hyper- satellite operations. After launch and wall presentations, demonstrations Newseum in Washington, D.C. In April 1990, the Hubble Space on-orbit verification, Goddard assumed and hands-on activities during events Telescope launched from NASA’s responsibility for Hubble’s ongoing op- at the National Mall and Union Station Photo credit: NASA/Aubrey Gemignani Kennedy Space Center in Cape erations and servicing missions as the in Washington, D.C. Canaveral, Florida, making the long- telescope’s lead ground control center. awaited dream a reality. While we anticipate more Hubble dis- NP-2015-5-285-GSFC Twenty-five years later, Hubble coveries in the coming years, we are New Hubble Displays at Goddard has provided an array of images of also planning further into the future as In celebration of the Hubble Space distant stars and galaxies that have we apply what we have learned from Telescope’s 25th launch anniversary, Info captivated and inspired the public. Scientists have used Hubble to design and build its successor – the James new Hubble displays are now open for its data to find answers to some of the most compelling Webb Space Telescope. Goddard View is an official publication of viewing in Buildings 3 and 8. The visi- mysteries of astronomy. NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in tor center has also updated its Hubble The past 25 years are a reflection of Goddard at its best. Greenbelt, Maryland. Goddard View showcas- display to include tools used during Thanks to Hubble, we learned the speed at which the uni- We have demonstrated to the world not only what Hubble es people and achievements in the Goddard servicing missions. verse is expanding, and that this expansion is also accel- can do, but what the people behind it can achieve when community that support the center’s mission to erating. We have determined the age of the universe with we direct our diverse talents toward a common purpose. explore, discover and understand our dynamic greater accuracy than ever before. Scientists have greater universe. Goddard View is published by the insight into how planets are born. We now know that su- As we look back on the telescope’s success and move Goddard Participates in Goddard Office of Communications. Maryland Day 2015 permassive black holes likely exist in all galaxies. forward with promising new endeavors, Hubble’s legacy to date reminds us of Goddard’s continued responsibility to Goddard presented its work to the You may submit story ideas to the editor at Such achievements have made Hubble one of the most inspire the scientific community and the public around the public at this year’s Maryland Day. [email protected]. All contributions iconic symbols of space exploration. limitless possibilities that exist in our universe. n Organized by the University of Mary- are subject to editing and will be published as land, College Park, the event invites space allows. attendees to learn about the school In addition to countless scientific findings, one of Hubble’s -- Chris Scolese, Center Director and its neighbors such as Goddard. greatest accomplishments has been its longevity. Just weeks after the telescope’s launch, a flawed mirror threat- ened to derail the entire mission. In 1993, the installation Photo credit: NASA/Goddard/Tabatha Luskey Volume 11 Issue 4 • May 2015 3 HUBBLE TECHNOLOGY NOT JUST FOR THE staRS By Samson Reiny he Hubble Space Telescope has shed light on some Portable Planetariums Used to Teach Science of astronomy’s big-ticket inquiries, from the age of the universe and the proliferation of exoplanets to the sub- By the mid-1990s, Hubble was gathering images that were Tstantiation of dark energy. However, the ingenuity brought to helping scientists answer intriguing questions about the uni- bear in developing one of the most powerful telescopes ever verse. Such information was largely inaccessible to the public has also benefited a wide swath of individuals and industries at the time due to an inadequate infrastructure for distributing on Earth. computer-based data to the masses. Through NASA partner- ships and grants dating back to 1994, Rice University and the On-Cue System Makes Hospital Scheduling Easier Houston Museum of Natural Science teamed up to develop the world’s first Internet-accessible museum kiosk, followed by To make do with the limited power made available through the educational software such as Space Update, which features telescope’s initial solar technology, Hubble needed scheduling the latest Hubble imagery. In 1998, the two institutions created software to manage competing tasks, which included switch- the world’s first digital planetarium followed by the world’s first ing on instruments and moving them into various positions as portable digital planetarium. Museums Teaching Planet Earth well as reorienting the telescope. In addition, certain opera- Inc. distributes the domes while continuously expanding the tions could only be undertaken at specific times in order to program library. Titles range from a microscopic look inside avoid direct sunlight or to position the telescope at specific the human body to a compendium of images of the faintest, angles. NASA computer scientist Dan Rosenthal helped de- farthest galaxies – captured by none other than Hubble. n velop the necessary code and later co-founded Allocade Inc. The company uses the software as part of its On-Cue system, For more information on Hubble and NASA spinoffs, visit which helps hospitals efficiently schedule appointments and spinoff.nasa.gov. other tasks to save them time and money. Opposite: A physician studies images produced by the LORAD CCD Ideal for Digital Mammography Stereo Guide Breast Biopsy System (top left). A portable digi- tal planetarium developed by Rice University and the Houston Goddard engineers developed a charge-coupled device, a Museum of Natural Science (top right). A marine biologist silicon chip that converts light into digital images, for installa- tracks a whale shark using a device programmed with a modi- tion in Hubble’s Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. The fied Hubble algorithm (bottom). Photo credits: NASA/Goddard/ CCD’s ability to deliver high-resolution imagery and capture Spinoff varying degrees of brightness make it ideal for digital mam- mography. After developing the specialized chip for NASA, Below: A screenshot of Space Weather, one of several soft- Scientific Imaging Technologies Inc. came up with the LORAD ware programs used in the world’s first Internet-accessible Stereo Guide Breast Biopsy System, ushering in a less inva- museum kiosk. Photo credit: NASA/Goddard/Spinoff sive and more economical method for viewing and collecting breast tissue for analysis. Tracking Animals With Modified Algorithm The Hubble Ultra Deep Field provides a mind-blowing corol- lary on the immensity of the observable universe. It displays some 10,000 galaxies, each containing billions of stars, within a space that is one thirteen-millionth the universe’s total area.
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