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Home , Andalusia (estate), Buckingham Mountain, Haycock Mountain, Jeremiah Langhorne, Tohickon Creek, William Biles

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M /V R K TWAIN’S scRap moK.

P*A TENTS:

UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN.

June 24TH, 1873. May i6th, 1877. May i 8th, 1877.

TRADE M ARKS :

UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN.

Registered No. 5,896. Registered No. 15,979.

DIRECTIONS.

Use but little moisture, and only on 'the gummed lines. Press the scran on without wetting it.

DANIEL SLOTE & COMPANY,

NEW YORK. ,vv

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BUCKS COUNTY HISTORICAL MONUMENT AT TAYLORSVILLE. From,. The exercises began at 2 o'clock with music | by the Dollngton band. Genera W. W. H. I Davis, of D ylestown. President of tiie so- " 41 ‘ ,oiety, after prayer had been offered by Dev. Alphonse Dare, of Yardlesv introduced G.m- feral Wil iam S. Stryker, of Trenton, who de¬ livered an address, recalling the incidents surrounding Washington's cr issiug of the Date, Delaware and tire battle of Trenton. General Stryker’s Address. General Stryker depicted in a graphic man. ner the horrible suffering of the Continental i troops on lhat. Christinas day, the depression of the people that so little had been accom¬ f WASHINGTON’S CROSSING. plished, and the feasting and revel of the Hessian soldiers at their Trenton encamp¬ ment. He then told of the supper and coun¬ THE PLACE ON THE DELAWARE cil of Washington’s staff oa Ciiflsirms eve, in S imuel Merrick’s house, on the Newtown f MARKED BY IMPOSING MONUMENTS. road, where the Commander-in-chief laid be¬ fore his effiers the plan of the famous sur¬ prise and attack; the great difficulties en¬ countered In the Ciosdng the river by reason CEREMONIES AT THE DEDICATION of the high wind, the floating Ice and the blinding snow, and, flaaliy, of the groat vic¬ tory at Trenton. ADDRESSES BY SENSUAL WILLIAM S. STRYKiJJ AND DWISHT M. LOWES Y. ■

HEE0I0 DEEDS EEOALLED.

MANY REPRESENTATIVES OF THE TWO HISTORIC SOCIETIES PRESENT.

rSPECIAT, TO THE PfinLIO tKDSEE.] Taylobsviitle, Pa., Oul. 15.—The dedica¬ tion nntt unveiling of the monument erected by the Bucks County Historical Society, marking the place on the site of McICon- key’s old ferry where Washington crossed tiie Delaware on Christmas night, 1770, which was postponed last Tuesday on account of bad weather, took place this afternoon. De¬ spite tiie chilling wind and threatening rain MONUMENT OF THE CINCINNATI AT WASHING¬ a large crowd gathered from the neighboring TON CROSSING. villages, many even coming from such dis¬ tances as Trenton, Doylestown, Newark and I In conclusion he said: ‘‘It is Just and fit¬ . ting, nay, it is a duty to mark in loving re¬ membrance the spots where great deeds have been enacted, or where great men have lived and died, and in this way to commemorate to future ages the magnificent heroism or the men who suffered that the nation might, en¬ dure. By ra»Dutnents alone can we fittingly rescue from oblivion the achievements of those who, in the hour of greatest trial, fought for personal liberty and national inde¬ pendence. ” The Monument Unveiled. After the large fl ;g which covered the newly erected monument of granite had been removed by Miss Bessie Twining, daughter of Mrs. 8. W. 1 wining, of Yardley, who gave the brownstone slabs to the sociely, Dwight M. Lowrey, of Philadelphia, delivered an elo¬ quent oration. Mr. Lowry sail ia part: “When in the chronicle of wasted time we read for knowl¬ edge of the contributions which earlier gene¬ rations have made l» the advancement of the Interests which humanity holds most dear, we learn of no single event more inspiring or more fruitful of beneficent consequences tnan presenVto you, my rerioyr-citizens o» xit.pi- r. well township, this monument, and I ask yau lo care lor it as a memorial of an import¬ ant (vent in the history of our country.” JJJJ2: Ilf Ll'j'j z'Jf Qy vCil Syzg-sjot Among the prominent citiz.-na of this sec¬ !CC3 '<03r(EU3. .c -SOG .rji?M *7 0S3.“3JI3JV tion who were present were: Prof. A.8. Mar¬ J w> JQaaaaii rj no ffi* «s3QraiE3i-Jl acrjir irn. F. Meyers, Rev. Devi C. Sharp, R ibert H. Lyman and Joseph W. Shelly, ot Doyies¬ eoctwrao? cam id town; ex-Sherifl Comly, Robert Eustburn, 'arojac® arajEEf imzsjv&p Thomas C. Knowies and A. C. Cadwalader, ot Yarcley: John S. Williams, Dr. J. B. Wal¬ ter and Hampton W. Rio?, of Sol’bury ; Cap¬ tain William Wynkeop and J. P. Hufehln- son, ef Newtown; Isaac Van Horn, ef R:ch- boro, and Samuel F. Gwlnner, of Taylors-

TABLET ON THE CINCINNATI MONUMENT. the hereto aclion which we, in filial piety, hare met to-day lo commemorate on both sides of the river, by votive tablet and by ap¬ propriate and Imposing monument.” The speaker then described how the enthu- alasm of the colonists had been enkindled by the first victories nnd raised by the Declara¬ tion of Indep“ndep.ee, and how after five months It had b on chaneed to despondency by defeat and disaster. It was Washin gton who, in this dark hour, by his bold stroke stemmed the tide of defeat and again raised the hopes of the people. A Tribute to Washington. Of the great hero, Mr. Lowrey saldi ‘‘This Republic may pass away. Another race may succeed us and dwell in the homes where wo now happily reside. Our own descend¬ DOYLESTOWN. ants may forget tho language In which we speak, -even as we iiave forgotten the longue In which our Saxon ancestors recorded the sentiments of their heart and the annals of their achievement; but while history shall Historical Tacts About the preserve the memory of those who have sacri¬ ficed and striven for the welfare of mew, County Seat. while literature shall exalt the renown and extol the character of the virtuous and just, the name or George Washington will con¬ tinue t« be held In reverent remembrance, a»j Inspiration and an enemuragement to every Doyiestown, the seat of justice generous and devoted effort to ameliorate the of Bucks, is within a mile of the condition of mankind.” Mr.Lowrey’s remarks were fallowed by the geographical centre of the county. reading of a poem a»d the singing of a song, It is built on land that once be¬ bo h ef which were composed by Miss M. Hnroourt Clark, or New York, who formerly longed to the “Free Society of resided at this place. A number of Sunday- Traders,” at the junction of two school children, who had como from Peu- Dington, sang sevoral patriotic airs, and, highways, one leading from the after the benediction bad been pronounced by mouth of the Lehigh to Philadel-. Rev. E. M. Jefiferys, of Doyiestown, the crowd crossed the bridge to the phia ; the other from the Delaware side of the river, where a tablet, erected by at New Hope, to Norristown on the Society of the Cincinnati of that Slate, was also unveiled. the Schuylkill. Tho Society of the Cincinnati’s Tablet. The town takes its name from The fl ig in this case was removed by Miss Ada Byron Nelson, daughter of Dr. Nelson, the Doyle family, who were among j of Nc3hanlc, New Jersey. the earliest to settle in middle Judge Sims, of Newark, President of the Society, was to have made the address, but Bucks, and was founded about he was usable to be present, so William 1720-30, becoming the county seat Pennington, of Newark, read the address whloh the President had prepared. It is in 1813 on its removal from New¬ eml lently proper, he said, that the monu¬ ment should be erected by the Sooiety of tt.e town. Cincinnati in the State of New Jersey. The When Doyiestown was made the society was formed at the close of the Revolu¬ county seat it was a hamlet of a tionary War, In 1783, by the New Jersey officers who hud served in the American few houses and two taverns, where Army, and to-day the society Is perpetuated by the descendants of these officers. the highways crossed, and for many Concluding, he said: “Oa their behalf I years the growth was very slow. " ---- f CT __ • - _.... . :ik. (to mrereept the British at Mon¬ Becoming the county’s " capital mouth, encamping here overnight, ■/''changed its destiny. It was incor¬ porated into a borough in 1858. land the house wherein Washington ■quartered is still standing almost This inspired new village life, but within the shadow of the court there was no significant improve¬ house steeple. Doylestown was ment until the close of the war of also the headquarters of General the Rebellion, when many build¬ ings, including schools and John Lacey, the Quaker Brigadier, who kept watch and ward over the churches, were erected. By the Delaware - Schuylkill peninsula, census of 1890 the population was 3000. The present court house and while Washington’s army shivered | jail are not excelled by any similar and froze in the cheerless huts at buildings in the State, and the pub¬ Valley Forge. The residents of our lic school is a model. The town is borough have cause for congratu¬ some 500 feet above tide water. lation that their lines have fallen Several things add a charm to in such pleasant places. Eleanor Davis.''> Doylestown as a place of residence. IT.^ —- - M . It is seated in the midst of one of the loveliest sections of Eastern Pennsylvania, and the country about it is cultivated almost like a Frown, garden; the land falls away on three sides to the adjoining streams, (y . and at every rain the gutters are cleansed by the natural flow of the water; the air is pure and sweet Bate, by the absence of stagnant pools and decaying vegetable matter ; fine roads lead in all directions into the charming country that surrounds MITiiE BITS OF it, and well-kept turnpikes run from the town north, south and east. STATE HISTORY Good health is its normal condition. The town plot is of a character THE WORD BENSALEI AND ITS MUCH- that adds much to the picturesque¬ ness of the borough. The squares DISCUSSED ORIGIN. ; a°d streets have nothing about them that partake of the checker-board PERHAPS GROWDEN NAMED IT stiffness, while the trees that line all the streets afford welcome shade to Negro Slavery in Pennsylvania Always of the pedestrians in the warmest a Mild Type—The History of the County weather. There is a quaintness Seat of Bucks-The First Court House about the dwellings that attracts Built hy Jeremiah Langhorne in 1684. the observer, scarcely any two being, The origin of the word •‘Bensalem,” the built alike. name given to one of the oldest, largest and The lover of history may draw richest townships of Bucks county, has re¬ mained unsettled from its foundation. Some inspiration from the past of Doyles¬ profess to find the solution in Lord Bacon’s town. In addition to the local ingenious fiction of the New Atlantis, wherein an imaginary island iu the Atlantic events transpiring around it, in its Ocean is called “Bensalem,” and the word almost century and three-quarters >s said to be an Hebrew compound. But as there is no such Hebrew compound, the of life, there lingers within its bor¬ Baconian origin has no foundation in fact. ders an aroma of the Revolution The jury that, laid out the township gave it ;name of “Salem," meaning peace, or most pleasant to the senses. j peaceful. The word “Bensalem” is found The Continental Army passed in the county records as early as 1686, sis (years before the township was laid out; and, rough Doylestown on its march [in 1688. the Growdens called their 5,000 acres jfrom Valley Forge in June, 1778, 14541 nrtor ’of Btinsalem.” Captain Alien I have as good as bought, so -urn this it would appear the name was part not with them without my order.” On rst applied to -the manor and not to the the eve of Penn's return to in 1701, township, and when the township was laid he made a will liberating those in Pennsyl¬ out it was first called “Salem” instead of vania, leaving it with .” “Bensalem.” We are, therefore, left much to conjecture, but the township, doubtless, The history of the changes of the country borrowed the name from the “Manor.” The seat of Bucks is not without interest. As Growdeiis were Friends. Joseph Growden the settlements extended back into the in¬ fixed the site of his homestead near the terior from the Delaware, the country seat northwest line of the manor and the town¬ sought the centre of population. It is diffi¬ ship, whence he could see a wide scope of cult to locate the first court house. It was wilderness country falling away to the built by Jeremiah Langhorne before or by Neshaminy and Delaware. Being a Friend 1686, and was probably in Falls township, and prone to peace, the word Bensalem fitly as in July of that year it was proposed expressed his thoughts and feelings. The to hold Falls meeting for four months in the name was first applied to the site he had new Court House, and pay the county ten chosen for his residence, the “Hill of Peace” shillings rent; but as there was “no con¬ or “Peaceful Mount;” afterward given to the venience of seats and water” it was not manor, and then to the township; but when occupied. Several points claim the honor the name was given to the township he of the parent Court House. It doubtless shanged that of his homestead to Trevose, stood near the Delaware, and no great dis¬ vhich it bears to this day. It was no difficult tance below Morrisville, and we know court :hing for this cultivated Friend, by the was held a few times in William Bile’s mion of the Gaelic “Ben,” or hill, with kitchen. In 1700 the grand jury presented :he Hebrew word for peace, to form a new the necessity of “placing a court house near word expressing the delightful tranquillity the centre of the county, which we esteem oe experienced at his new home in the wil¬ to be near Neshaminy Meeting House,” now derness along the Neshaminy. After all this Langhorne. It could not have remained long, is only theory, but is quite as sensible as if established there, for the county seat the one that borrows the name from Bacon’s was changed to Bristol In 1705, the new fiction and invents an Hebrew compound. buildings being erected on a lot, the gift of j Samuel Carpenter. It was then called “New Negro slavery was introduced in what is Bristol,” and the courts were first held there now Pennsylvania by the early Dutch set¬ June 13 the same year. Bristol was the tlers. We find negroes on the west bank of county seat until 1725, when it was again the Delaware as early as 1636, but not in any changed, this time to Newtown, following great number. In 1639 one Coinclife was the drift of population. The act was passed sentenced to serve “along with the blacks,” March 24. 1724. The public buildings were besides paying a fine, for wounding a sol¬ erected on a five-acre tract in the middle of dier. In 1657 Vice Director Alricks was the village. Here the courts were held until complained of for using the company’s oxen 1812—eighty-seven years—a longer period and negroes, and five years afterward Vice than at any other place since the county was Director Beeman wanted Governor Stuy- organized, when they were removed to vesant to “accommodate him with a com¬ Doylestown, the present county seat, now pany of negroes,” which he needs. These eighty-three years. There was a warm con¬ negroes were slaves, for at that time black test over this change, and it was urged for men everywhere were in bondage. many years before the effort was crowned Long before the arrival of Penn the Eng¬ with success. Cutting off Northampton lish and Dutch were actively engaged in the county from Bucks had something to do with African slave trade, which the demand for keeping the county seat at Newtown for so labor in this and adjoining colonies made many years. Politics and religion joined profitable. As it was under the protection hands in the removal of the county seat to of the English Government Penn had no con¬ Doylestown. This was emphasized by a j trol over it. A number of slaves came into charcoal sketch on the walls of the old build- i the possession of the Quaker immigrants, ing at Newtown, representing the Reverend : and the great founder himself was a slave Nathaniel Irwin, a warm advocate of the holder, but we venture nothing In saying he change, with a rille over his shoulders and i was a kind master. Negro slavery in Penn¬ around the court house, pulling with might | sylvania was always of a mild type. Hector and main toward Doylestown. St. John, writing of negro slavery just be¬ Burlington Island, in the Delaware oppo¬ fore the revolution, says: “In Pennsylvania site Bristol, has an interesting history. It they enjoy as much liberty as their masters; [ early came into notice. It was recognized are as well fed and as well clad, and in as belonging to the west shore from its dis¬ sickness as tenderly taken care of. Being the companions of their labors and treated covery, and was included in Markham's first as such they do not work more than our¬ purchase. The Indians called it Mattini- selves, and think themselves happier than conk, which name it bore down to Penn's many of the lower class of whites.” arrival. This name is given to it on Lind- strom's map of 1654. When the English seized the Delaware in 1664 it was in the Negro slaves were held in Berks county as possession of Peter Alricks. and was confis¬ early as 1684, and no doubt earlier. In that cated with the rest of his property, but re¬ year, among the goods of William Pomfret, stored in 1668 by order of Governor Love¬ levied on to satisfy a debt due Gilbert lace. During its confiscation it got into the Wheeler, of the Falls, was "one man.” In possession of Captain John Carre and was June, 1685, , hearing that called Carre's Island for a time. The ear¬ James Harrison, then engaged in erecting liest use made of the island was the estab¬ his manor house, has great difficulty in re¬ lishing on it of frontier trading and military taining laborers, wrote him: “It were better posts. It was here that Alricks’ two Dutch they were blacks, for then we might have servants were murdered in 1672. In 1678 them for Ufe.” He wrote to Harrison, De-; Sir leased the island for cember of the same year: “The blacks of seven years to Robert Stacy, brother of Mahlon, one of tne nrst settlers or west Jer¬ sey. Stacy and George Hutchinson, who appears to have become associated with him in its possession, conveyed the title to From, the island under the lease, but the deed was never found. When Jasper Danker and ' Peter Shu.vter, leading member of the Laba- dists of Holland, visited the Delaware in 1679, going down the river in a boat to New Castle, they say of Burlington’s island: “The island formerly belonged to the Dutch Governor, who had made it a p'easure ground or garden, built a good house upon it and sowed and planted it. He also dyked A PARK ON THE BRISTOL PIKE. and cultivated a large piece of meadow or Another new park, which will owe its marsh, from which he gathered more grain existence to suburban trolley extension, than from any land made from woodland is to be located on the Bristol pike, at into tillable land. The English Governor the junction of Poquessing Creek, on at the Manhattans now held it for himself, the Bucks County line. Taking advan¬ and hired it to some , who were tage of the recent opening of the new living upon it.” Holmesburg, Tacony & Frankford trol¬ Among the earliest acts of the Assembly of ley road, a syndicate, of which Magis¬ . Pennsylvania, after the organization of'the trate Thomas South is at the head, has Province, was one confirming this island to leased the Stevenson farm of 100 acres, Burlington, the proceeds to be applied to and before summer it will be converted maintaining a free school for the education into “Torresdale Park.” The lease calls of youth of that town. In 1711 the Legisla¬ for a rental of $10,000 a year for 10 tive Council of New Jersey authorized Lewis years, and the final papers for the trans¬ Morris, agent of the Society, to fer were signed only last week. take up this island for Hon. Robert Hunter, | Workmen have already commenced to the warrant having been granted in 1710. clear the land, and the naturally attrac¬ When surveyed it was found to contain 400 tive spot will be converted into a very acres. Hunter purchased it the same year, pretty park. A small lake is to be made, but the inhabitants of Burlington ousted supplied with the waters of Poquessing him In 1729. In ye olden times the people of Creek, for boating purposes, and in addi¬ Burlington resorted thither for recreation. tion there will be a number of amuse¬ Governor Burnett, of New York, who occu¬ ment attractions. Among them will be pied it in 1722, caused vistas to be cut a gravity railroad, a mile long, a bicy¬ through the timber to Burlington and Bris¬ cle track, ball grounds, tennis courts and tol, so as to look up and down the river. merry-go-rounds. An architect has al¬ When Governor Gooker was about obtaining ready drawn plans for a cafe and restau¬ a grant of the islands In the Delaware to rant building of ornamental design which this Province, it is said the Lords of Trade •vill be built as soon as possible. In addi¬ excepted this as not being on a footing with tion, a large dancing pavilion will be the other Islands. J erected. AN HISTORIC OLD PROPERTY. About 30 acres of the tract is wood¬ land, which will be converted into picnic grounds. The land is considerably above the level of Poquessing Creek, the wood¬ land which skirts its border sloping back From, from the picturesque stream to an ele¬ vation of over 75 feet. The remainder of the land is open and rolling. It is a de¬ ... lightfully romantic spot, and no more adaptable location for a pleasure ground could have been chosen. The land has been in tl^e possession Date, ? ?. of the Tremper family for several gen¬ erations, and has historic associations. It is recorded that early in the year 1675, seven years before Penn founded Philadelphia, four brothers named Wal¬ A New Hall Witb a History. ton explored the banks of the Poques¬ sing and settled on the land which is As paradoxical as it may appear Bris¬ tol has a new hall about which cluster now to be converted into a park. So its many memories of the past. It is now history dates back beyond the landing i of Penn. ,/\ known as Lincoln Hall, and although completely lemodeled the original struc- ture has stood tor many years as an annex to the old Delaware House. Lafa¬ yette dined within its historic wails on September 24,1824, when he was passing From, through Bristol on his way to Philadel¬ phia. Many other prominent men of <

L Perhaps no native ot Bucks county has Ons the5 7ih ’Sr EProvided,H fives weeks,r S'".016 celebrated than Daniel Boone. vated snm fiUne they reached an ele- Wds his f f°r a l0DK period after¬ wards ins fame was widely spread SyPr?viCta°rth? the^Ken- through our country. As a pioneer S ZlTTed » by whime:SPl0rer °f regions untrodden y hite men, and forerunner of civil- SeveraL nths * veexpl orations? Ration hewas surpassed by none, who *»«■ - tEese ... aP a Pundred years ago made I Indians ^thoZh^6’ ,haviag SGeu no West" aife 0wasehnaUJU;S^regions of the

Exeter, «»■»

robbldoflu th|UrDi i°ehi Ravages! heW nrisonLi t Valu?bIes they had au ssIHflSSi; rlas In .January, Daniel's brother, Squire rw1^’ another hunter trom hiorth Carolina, arrived, bringing tidings of I tho-r naraili?s and welcome additions to lea«r dT?l:1washlnmSPPplifSof Powder and | 1 ! ahotnandaCske(l ^^^hs^Stewlrt^s i SSfcglSSSB aipfeafeii Cnue^i(F;"ppbe?and'DaLKn! father, encouragednodoffiT hi,s went to the still -. by Daniel. central North Caro)in>5flmU^Veiregiori °* BkpWfm Property hotlaifromthc ^ a £°Ugh ' a Here was a field fo^th« J dkln rlver’ cultivate his love” of natnrlnature, ftoUDg see “i herar* into explored otner parts of Ken uckv ,, h 1 fo_und it most attractive and desirable &>r i a permanent iiLocTtO 'TT" we may' nfllgine, that little sleep In March, 1771, they packed their horses taken by tlfeir anxious parents, as tb with valuable peltry and retraced their hours ot darkness slowly rolledI away steps eastward, across the Allegtianies to Ere the sun was up a party of armed the Yadkin, liauiel had been away from men was yn the trail ol the savages, bis family two years, in which lie had and followed it with so much * seen no human being but his few com- rapidity, that they overtook them i pauions and hostile savages. In spite of somewhat alter midday, as they were the dangers crafty and treacherous foes about to cook a meal. So sudden was the prosemed, he determined to emigrate to attack, that the wily foe were surprised the new country as soon as he could sell and overpowered, before they had time his farm and properly arrange his busi¬ to kill their prisoners, as was tneir ness. This was accomplished in about ■ custom in similar circumstances. two years, and in the fall of 1773 he and Boone was a skillful military com- his brother, with their families, turned i mander as well as a successful hunter. their laces toward the setting sun. On During the whole of the Revolutionary the way they were j< tued by five families War the British incited the Indians to an .1 forty armed men, and thus strength¬ acts of murder and rapine along the ened they moved forward cautiously but border, and be was employed with his with now course. They had reached a command much of the time, especially in valley near the southeast corner ol Vir¬ 1777, in defending the settlers. Inter¬ ginia, when they were suddenly attacked course with the eastern part ot the coun¬ by Indians. S x of the party were killed, try was infrequent and attended with among whom was James Boone, Daniel’s great difficulty. Many of the comforts son, and they were compelled to retreat and all of the luxuries of life were ex¬ forty miles to the Clinch river. tremely scarce. Even salt was not to be Deeming it unsale to penetrate had tor weeks or months. There were sal t further into the haunts ot the springs at a placecalled tbe“BIueDicks, aborigines that season, they remained where deer, elk and buffalo were wont in that locality till June, 1774. Boone to resort to obtain it, and it might be was then requested by Governor made there by the slow process ot boil¬ Dunmors to go to Kentucky and conduct ing, but at the peril of nocturnal incur¬ on their route home a party of govern¬ sions of sneaking redskins. To secure ment surveyors. This enterprise was this almost indispensable article Boone successluily carried through, iu which he formed and commanded a party in the was occupied two months and traveled dead of winter 1778, who proceeded to oil foot 800 miles. His reputation for the saline springs and had been there a shrewdness, caution and daring in month when, beffig a little distance from border m arfare was now iully establish¬ camp, be was surrounded and captured ed, and he was chosen to command, with by a hundred Indians. Thoroughly ac¬ the rank of captain, three separate garri¬ quainted with Indian customs, in a short sons of soldiers in outposts for the time he won their regard to such an ex¬ defence of the frontier against the tent as to gain favorable terms for his Shawnees and other allied tribes. Ho party, whose lives were to be spared and fought and defeated those marauding they were to be treated as prisoners ot and merciless foes in several battles and war. He was taken to Detroit, then un¬ drove them to their wigwams north of der British control, and was honorably the Ohio. In 1775 he was engaged by the received by the commander ol the dis¬ Transylvania Company to open a road trict. but strictly watched. Sharp as the between the Holston and Kentucky savages* lie resolved to escape, and. witli rivers. The danger of meeting stealthy this in view asked to be adopted into the an(l__©jiraffed savages was imminonf ot every step, but the work was energetic¬ tribe, suffered his hair to be pulled out, except the lock on top ot his head, and ally pushed forward and completed, and was painted like a brave. Ha was al¬ in April a lort and incipient town were lowed at certain times to hunt, and often built on the Kentucky and named returned to his “durance vile.” making Boonesborough. Harrodsburg was founded soon after, and the permanent no attempt to leave. But after being with the dusky warriors five months occupation of the territory by civilized he went one day with his rifle into the man was begun. In a few months he re¬ woods, and when out of sight started lor moved his family to the new settlements, and his wile and daughters were the first his home, 160 miles distant. As the poet white females ever seen on the banks of says, the Kentucky. About a year after their “Man nor brute, arrival one of his daughters and two of Not dint of tool, nor print of foot, her companions one afternoon went Lay in the wild luxuriant soil; rowing on the river. They amused them¬ No sign of travel, none of toil; selves for some time dashing the water The very air was mute.” with their paddles, and failed to observe With no guide but the sun and stars, that they were being drifted by the he still bad little fear of losing bis way, current toward the shore opposite their and was anxious only about crossing the home. But sharp eyes were watching Ohio, as he was not an adept at swim¬ them from the bushes, and as they float¬ ming. When he came to the river, after ed nearer, five Indians seized the canoe, some searching, lie found an old canoe, drew it out ot view of the fort, and in which he got safely over, and reached carried off its light hearted occupants Boonesborough in five days from the prisoners. Their cries for help aroused time he set out. All his friends suppos¬ the garrison, but Boone and Callaway, ed he had perisied, and his wife and the fathers of two of the girls, were absent, children, under fiat idea, had returned and nothing decisive could be done tor to North Carolina. He warned the gar¬ their rescue that night. On the return of rison that they w >ul d soon be attacked, the men late in the evening pre¬ ad the fort was immediately put into parations were made to pursue n e best possibk state of defence. Not their captors next morning, and. f? W*

without reason, for in a rew weens near¬ ly 500 Indians under British officers ap¬ to the matter from* day to dav~ peared and began a seige. Ere long they 'and ,finf1Iy De6lected it altogether,’ called upon the intrepid hero to surren¬ lwonld0Sv, 8 baronial manor which der. He relused and bid them do their have-rxr?nnched bimself and ; worst. A furious attempt was made to : t! 3hddren. When he left Kentucky ha storm the fort, but it was repulsed with ?ot only Poor, hut in debt, and bravery and success, though the defend¬ ®evera^1 hundred miles from his ers numbered less than a sixth part of home, he had no disposition to the assailants, and the enemy, alter a avoid paying his creditors. Farming, loss of nearly forty killed and many then as now, brought little monev. The more wounded became disheartened, and oujy source from which he could secure ( filed off to the north* For his eminent cash, was furs obtained by hunting, and services in the lat9 military operations in this for several years he had meagre I Boone was promoted to be major. About success. At length by getting a consider¬ this time he went to North Carolina to able supply of fine peltry his purse was join his family, from whom he had been tri^teraRly roploolsbed, and he made a separated almost a year. Loonesborough, paid all persons In 1779 he sold his property and in- they said be owed them, and [ vested the proceeds in Continental money, made his way back to the Osage with but I then passing at a heavy discount, intend- Jit hv,° ar m his pocket. Then he de- 1 mg to convert it into land warrants, and c]ared bo was ready to die content. ; to locate them in Kentucky. Others In 1812, when he was 77 years old, he ! with a similar purpose intrusted to him ba,d a olaim to 850 acres of land, the ! large sums, having perfect confidence in title to which was defective, and he was I fus integrity. Nor did be betray bis in fh^g®r oi3°singit. Missouri wasthen trust, but on his way to Richmond, m the area of the U. S., and a petition where the sessions of commissioners to was presented to Congress, recommend¬ i adjudicate western laud titles were held.. ed by the Legislature of Kentucky, and , he was robbed of the whole, amounting supported by many influential men, that i to about $20,000. If this unfortunate- the possession of this tract should be con¬ reveise had not occurred, he would have firmed to him. In view of his valor and become a large proprietor of real estate courage, and the toilsome and perilous in one of the most fertile parts of the I Union. labors he haa gone through in defence of me infant settlements of the Mississippi He returned with his family to Boones- Valley, favorable action was taken and borough in 1780. During that summer, RhlnM',6S was £ranted. a token that j while hunting vcith one of his brothers, iphPaUbllCS ?re, DOt. always ungrateful. the latter was killed and scalped by Ibis property he enjoyed ten years until Indians, and he himself came near meet¬ Jg5,clos®.of b1,8 life, which took place in ing the same iate. A body of militia f®2, in his 88th y ear. He was laid to rest formed to chastise the prowling foe oesiue his wite, who died seven years > advanced into their neighborhood, and prev ou.sly, in a coffin, which he had pro¬ in spite of his earnest remonstrances vided for himself,and which he kept under were enticed into an ambuscade and at¬ his bed, perhaps with a desire to follow tacked. In the engagement he lost a son, toe precept, “Memento Mori.” A large and another brother was wounded. number ot children, grandchildren and About that time he was raised to the rank ftber descendants to the fifth generation of Colonel. followed his remains to the grave. For ten years after the close ot the ij rands Paikman in his interesting Revolutionary struggle he was occupied volume, “The Oregon Trail,” says that in agriculture and occasional hunting. he was furmshedm 1846 with a horse by i In 1792, when Kentucky was admitted his triend Mr, Boone oi Westport, a I into the Union, and the legality ot claims grandson of Daniel Boone, the pioneer.” ! to real estate was investigated, his titles And when tne author had advanced in were declared invalid and he was reduc- his tour far toward the Rocky Mountains, he states that he overtook a party ot 1 yeara o1dU^ was now about sixty emigran ts on their way to the Pacific hfs d h^d ?pent the b0st part of Coast, I quote his language : inheritance tbat magnificent cursforw nf a d . repelling the in¬ ,v'£?B^UOUS among the rest stood cursions of barbarous tribes. vefy J*1 young men, grandsons iftlTH Restitute ot an acre he couldV of Darnel Boone. They had clearly call his own. He became embittered ifhiw6d -the adventurous character ufed btLsh”1 ,'"1 bU,,S“- °jg‘s.»«in’i5S7S, “*»*■»“ sis; Whether any or all oi those three young mandant ofVli80^ he waTs.aP»ointed com- informedShed in tbat way’ we are not „ A p“^rait °f Co1- Boone, which now FrSth? ^alls. ot,the State House, in S°er‘0St1t 5ch : Kentucky, was painted by lEhTISsh*^* "wm‘ipSZiZ™ Chester Harding, an eminent American artist, about two years before the vet¬ eran s death. It was long deemed appro- old Barton r-.rm. east >7 Kennett Square. / priate by the citizens of Kentucky that a monument should be erected to his mem¬ Fort'- hunts were represented in the chase, ory in the Capital ot the State, ol which hailing from Pennsylvania, Delaware, be was one of the principal founders, Maryland, and New-Jersey. Three hundred and in 1845 this was accomplished, and ; iders and twc hundred hounds followed the the bodies of himself and his wife were fox removed Irom Missouri and deposited in The hunt dinnlr, in celebration of that the cemetery of that city with imposing! held in old Unicorn Tavern a century ago. ceremonies. Col. Boone was a noble man, of whom the country that gave him birth may well he proud. Many cities contended for the honor ot the nativity of Homer, and we| may he congratulated that one so brave, I energetic, persistent and patriotic com- menced his career among us. His edu¬ cation was limited, but he possessed a strong mind and commanded a power¬ ful influened wherever he went. The miuute forms of a highly devel- i oped social and legal system were repug¬ nant to him, yet he had few if any superiors in the virtues that adorn the head of a family or constitute a worthy citizen. As a husband and father he was beyond reproach. Subtle and cunning in warfare with savages, he was too un¬ suspecting and guileless in his dealings -with civilized men. Perfectly honest, he wronged no man but often suffered him¬ self to be wronged. To no one are the exDloration and settlement of our coun¬ try west of the Alleghanies and south of the Ohio more indebted than to the hero, Daniel Boone. PRwWlPl'&'WwVNW

Jug Fottnil at a Fox Kant 100 Years

From, was spread m the Town Hall, 500 covers being- laid. The characters in the story were iro- j personated as follows: Gilbert Potter.,... .Robert E. Dallas Betsv Lavender. Mis. C. C. Waldo Theodore Pennock Alfred Barton. .Lewis Agnew Sandy Flash. .Joseph Hughes T„' TrVirthnrn. .Master Theodore Pennock 'lake FalXrn'..bamuel Pennock. Jr. Toel Ferris .John Montgomery Joel rerris. .C.n S. Swaynes„avr,B Mark Dean. ....Miss Mary Wilkinson Martha Dean. .... Mrs. Minford Levis Pallie Fairthorn... .F. Maxwell, Jr. Bob Smith. The victors carried out the story on the, same stage as that of a century ago, ren¬ Open Air Tiny ir< the Ssinn; Country in dering the details to the delight ot the^,

Celebration of the Hiimlreilth An- great audience. The fox, a large, red male, known as the niversai y ot fuc Original Hunt. "McIntyre fox, was dug out in Delaware ten days ago. He was the veteran of many Oxford, Penn, March 7.—The chase a minor chase. He were to-day a red, white, as pictured by Bayard Taylor in his and blue collar, with’ a silver plate en¬ “ Story of Kennett ” was presented as an graved as follows: open-air -play north of Oxford to-day "iONE"HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY HUNT. March 7, 1S96. by the Kennett Square Hunt and invited MEMORY OF BAYARD TAYLOR. mounts from varous hunts. It was the cen¬ 't Liberated by the Kennett Hunt.. tennial celebration of the original chase The fox was turned over to John -Mont 4 which started at 1:30 P. M. from the old gornery, the veteran rider of seventy years! of Kennett, who dropped it in the eas Barton farmhouse, just across the creelc to meadow at 2 o’clock. The sly fellow kep the eastward, leaving Kennett Square by himself in view of the crowd for some tim< the Philadelphia stage road. The various but then disappeared down the valley fj characters mentioned in the tale were re¬ Ridley Creek toward Dealware. In twer produced at. the chase, and its presentation ty five minutes the dogs were loosed. was as near like the original as possible. Among the veterans in the saddle wet The meet to-day was held in the presence of 4,Out) spectators. It. was act^ed on the Sam Forbes of Delaware, seventy-four vears' Bris Skiles of Pennsylvania, sev¬ uay me true names or nearly all or the enty-eight years, and Jess Hickman. Reg¬ characters are known. Barton farm in liJ(» was occupied by a family named Will- ister of Wills, this county, sixty years. .arns. It was here that " old man Barton ” The youngest rider was John Scott of ‘;alT1r? Abiah and father of Alfred— resided. £Ie was over fourscore years and Valley, ten years. a, twelvemonth he had been a The fox was holed after a half-hour Puiolytie and unaole to walk. But neither run on Evan Piles’s farm, three mi.es age nor inhi*mity dulled his love of gold A* 1*! originalJiouse of hornblende rock is no ^t&^t^ the firs? rider ,1Sitaintillnsr; a modern farm mansion the hole® The place holed Is. near the buuoj.iJed by trees has succeeded it The farm owned a century ago by Gilbert Pot if owned bv T. V. Wingard and t-pr tlip hero of Taylors story. occapiea by Joseph Hugues, a member of t The celebr:. tion was a great success, a the Kennett Hunt. The house is on the the hunt was the largest ever held in 1 knoil wmch slopes down to the meadow across which the fox ran after leaving the 1 PTheS “ StSry of Kennett ” a tale of Amer- nands> of Giles, the military straggler from Howe s army after the Brandywine battle.

Bayard Taylor Masonic Library Build ins. In Course of Erection at Kennett Square. I The Avondale woods were the scene of the lean life, is one of Taylor’s most widely- I exciting hunt. read works. The scene is laid in a settle¬ •i The Gilbert Potter farm is about two ment which a century ago was peopled by miles south of Kennett, and is the property followers of Penn, and their descendants in of Jacob Hanna. The house bears a slab some instances to-day possess the ancestral with the initials B. E. M. and the date acres. Taylor’s parents were Quakers. 1727. To the north of Kennett is the Fair- Reared in the spirit of gentleness and thorn farm, now owned by Willis Taylor, " meetings,” he naturally caught the true a cousin of Bayard Taylor. It is said that sense from his elders, whose store of local the present house rests upon the foundation tales was a delight, and enabled him to wails of the home which sheltered years weave a story that has made the village and since Sally Fairthorn and her mischievous neighboring landmarks known. brothers, Joe and Jake Fairthorn. This To the east of Kennett—its seat is a property adjoins the Cedarcroft estate, commanding crown in the midst of tillable once the home of the poet, but now owned land responsive at harvest--the well- by Mrs. Barrington, formerly of New-York. watered country stretches away until it “ Deb Smith’s ” real name was Rachel reaches the Brandywine. West of the town McMullen. She was a spinner, and worked opens the lovely valley of Toughkenamon, from farm to farm. Part of her outfit was : (.the name is Indian, signifying Fire Brand a short black pipe, in which, apparently, she Hill,) through which runs the State Road, took much comfort. Her home was a log ending somewhere about the headwaters hut in the forest, where she lived alone. I of Chesapeake Bay. The country is rich In Summer she worked in fields. The i and is a perfect picture of prosperous Friends’ meeting house at old Kennett is I farm life. The Quaker homes in this com¬ standing. Here it was that Gilbert Potter munity are havens of peace. It is such ■ and his mother attended meeting the first neighborhoods that produce pictures of | day succeeding the chase. After meeting domestic life. the neighbors assembled under the poplar In selecting actors for his tale of truth trees, and said, “ How does thee do? ” and fiction Taylor disguised them under Among the hands Gilbert shook was Mar¬ fictitious names. The older residents who tha Deane’s, daughter of Dr. Deane, who read the story soon aft,er its appearance j married out of meeting, and afterward ex- easily recognized their neighbors, and to- ' pressed sorrow for his offense, thus restor¬ ing himself to membership in the society. It whs in this meeting that Gilbert and 14

Martha were married according to the The dogs crowded around; arid~it was ai-\ Friends’ ceremony. tred Barton who kicked them aside and al- ' The most important at tJPi_ lowed Miss Betsy to get off her perch and Personages slip into the house to assist Miss Ann Up chase from the old Boston tarm were ai fred Barton, Gilbert Potter, Fortune, alias the meadow rode Gilbert Potter on a “ plow horse," the object of derision by Joel Ferris “ Sandy Flash," and Miss BfyJavfdheef rm the dav of the hunt she put on ner a young Pennsbury buck, who had recently broad gray beaver hat and brown s>utt received a legacy of £4,000 and no longdr cloak,' andayissuing from Dr Deane’s door was mounted like a countryman The ne't arrival was a stranger who called himself in the village, took the w t^oatecured 'Fortune.” He took the black bottle from She crossed the creek on a fl,a^ mo- Mr. Ferns s hand and drank long and deep. with stakes at either end, and in a fe* m° stood beside the corn criu in Then the start. In a few moments an old whfch was the fox, the centre of attraction. dog gave tongue like a trumpet and the pack followed. Barton and Fortune rode

* 15

)

Fortune and Barton, more or less dr wfsetrewarded by^securi^thPh™^ aad started homeward by t{ie New-Ga Road. In a dense wooa Fortune stoi Ined-te^|v^d|hr!r ^ hL^T- and soon had relieved Barton of his v the inn and dr™* at the ^ to and bunch of jingling seals and a pur une. Potter returned hv+^^S1?^ of F°rt- | moleskin, which contained several po and overtook Martha DpariP^nH Hoad Barton’s teeth chattered when Fortun thorn, on the way he £avP Fair- vealed himself as Sandv Flash. The Martha. It was on the rv^Li th ,Jbrush to wayman turned toward Rising Sun, i is said to have Dronns®^ heJoad that he on and whistling “ Money Musk.” Bas restive horse was spurred and dashed the Hammer-and-Trowel, by the Uj OLD ANVJL TAVERN

father, ah irishman, bound him to JohA— Sketch made of old Barton- Farm by Bayard j Passmore of Doe Run at the outbreak of Taylor, when a boy, and framed with a pane the Revolution. Fitz' joined the Flying of glass out of the old house. Tavlor pre¬ Camp, and went with it to New-York. He sented It to his teacher, Ruth Ann Chambers. deserted, swam the Hudson, returned to The house was erected in 1716. The sketch is i Chester County, was arrested as a deserter, signed J. B. Taylor. ' and thrown into Walnut Street Prison, Philadelphia. On promising to' return to They appeared so“iu2deniy that Fitz con I the ranks, recruits being much needed, offer no resistance, as they were armed. Hi ! Fitz was released, and again entered the ■ mother lived m one of Passmore’s tenail i Continental Army. He deserted again, and I houses, to which the deserter begged to b reappeared in this county. One Summer I taken, that he might get his clothing. One I while mowing in the field of his former / in the house he seized his rifle and turned ! master, John Passmore, he was arrested | ! by two soldiers sent out from Wilmington. | I Pe.lef tSrS'l^'e by treats com-

; F&T*££ Hi Hi rn ed" l’o rv°°reso/v c d V'r““ .n"5.Cft“d' CountyAonfdrph’P^°?,di lieutenant of the fo^’destrtion? and whfn Gen » 'V'" sag^j&s^&ishsufi 1 wart of « Council offered a re- H?fa- b«v£E latter Par ’of l°ur *» °#l?ture- T°ward th® PhHadelphtal aHisakn°oTledged of "thfs^an Whig-s wholes!^ 1 was Pandering £150. He appeared ^ty( h ? , eontr‘butions of McAffee and ordered th» e!;™?, ot Wiuia.m dered Whigs, sometimes rarr£i,,„ Rjun_ , while he proceeded to rnh stairs within the British lines. Fitz remfined^n had taken ™om McAffe” a'SL^n'f86^ He Chester County when the army l™ft Phila- j hii'a Iroom*whCre^hedfamfl ^d foot to put on | shoe Ry,ilf™vr?,''sed his ^naled her_master to seize the robber,Ahieh

J—.

Old SaHon Farm in 1S9G.

I feerisivlivGndHtsrrr^d 0!] Wshway robbing ex- iof »hl?flrali sSizea me pistors-one North Vaiw Hm aindWere Hand's Pass, B«oureS ,£'£ ,hf52rkJptstJ." 5jj rfffessiii'lii k“tS7n”fhrfe*T>“™ ”"p"" Tories ai"ts were confined to Whims »i4&5. teuTSX 1 querdtyW

'-4'5=- th — , * I V\\ V'A ■'I

A, 1 ■frSjZ

«n*.,d Whey*. -v.

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Across the Creels: to Barton Farm, Traveled by Betsey Lavender. .e clay Before* his execution he waSTSKen Oxford, Penn.,- Juti^f 13.—The " jack to Chester and there hanged. I The reward of $1,000 for his, arrest caused : Roses,” one of the famous events in Souf a dispute between Rachel \\aiker and Capt. McAffee,. she. claiming all on the ground; eastern Pennsylvania, will be eelebrr.t' h that the seizure of Fitz was made at her morrow. This festival was establishe l suggestion.. The. Council divided the reward equally between them. About a fortnight j Baron Henry William Stiegel, who fou after Fitz’s execution McAffee’s oats and ' haystacks were 'burned and his horses the beautiful town of Manheim, in maimed. His return of property destroyed caster County, over a century ago. It by British during the Revolutionary War contains an item of loss amounting to £20u. become a noted institution, and :s he Anvil, Unicorn, and Hammer-and-Trowel the Lutheran Church, which was also fcWq —the taverns mentioned in the story—are standing, except Unicorn. Anvil is east of ed by the Baron. The history of this ifj Kennett on the State road, over two miles rioted in his day for his progressive busi away, and belongs to the estate of the late ideas, his acts of philanthropy, his ren Benjamin Sailer. Unicorn stood in Ken- nett where four roads meet, and where the brance of the Creator of man, and his la riders of the chase dismounted and drunk hospitality, reads not unlike that of a I* stout glasses of old rye. One of the earliest In olden days. He was at one time the wet bonifaces of the inn was John Baldwin. Its site is now occupied by Unicorn block, iest resident in this State, except the Pe erected by the late T. E. Sickles in 1877. A but, notwithstanding this, he rests ir. stone from the^_pld . tavern _.ki--h£lQ' marble date stone in the front of the block unmarked grave in the old Heidel and bears this inscription: graveyard, not far from Robeson ia, nort ' <$>. Manheim. Baron Stiegel was descended from a r family, and was born near Mannheim, many, about the year 1733. He was . Hammer-and-Trowel Tavern is in Tough- kenamon, about a mile west of Kennett. It fs owned by Morris Shields, and is now a

P The0 Chast' dinner held in Unicorn Tavern was celebrated in the Town Hall to-day. The proceeds wall assist in the erection of the Bayard Taylor Memorial Library Building now being greeted jn Kennett._ Kennett

?oUhf■J’ MTVfl- mrtv,n1fanlChalfanin B"R F.1 w. TerkesYerkHarry! Dr. Harry Entri^n, R E Dallas, H. M. Terkes, and others.

0- From,.Sr

.-

Date, '/¥- First Lutheran Church on Lot Doi f ed by Baton Stiegel. At Manheim, Penn., Built 1770. f ■b eccentric and frequently quarreled i i A RED ROSE IN PAYMENT the Inmates of his home. The idea of c ing to America was carried out, and i said he brought about £40,000 with him, riving about the year 1750. It is said 1 THE ANNUAL FESTIVAL TX BARON the first two years here were spent in STIEGEL’S MEMORY. lecting a place to erect a residence, > finally settled in Philadelphia, and in 1 was married to i lady of that city, wh

fThe History Interwoven with the family name cannot be ascertained, bul is said her first name was Elizabeth. Th Early Days of Zion Lutheran home was elegant and several serva Chnrch—Sties el’s Business Activ¬ were employed about the mansion. Th first child, Barbara, was born Novv. 5, 175 ity and Lavish Expenditure—How Hoping to increase his fortune,ne. Bad His Employes Received Him An Stiegel in 1757 purchased' the old Hu7 Orduauce Foundry During? the furnace property and became one of ' pioneer ironmaster of this country. 1 Revolutionary War. furnace, one of the oldest in America, t erected by John Huber, who had the lowing inscribed on it: Johann Huber, der este Deutsche mann, Der das ejsenwerk falturen kann. In 1769 tne stcumans sold their in the tract of 729 acres, comprisin. Its site was on Furnace Run, Lancaster helm, to Isaac Cox, who, In the fol County, and the Baron tore it down, erect¬ year, sold it to Stiegel for £107 and 1C ed a new one near by and named it Eliza- lings. The ownings of the Baron at time ranked him next to the Penns, a Jn honor of his wife. Not contented over 200 men were employed by him.’ Hi. of1thntaeaman^£acture of the ordinary iron Income was large, and he lived in lordlv ®J_^9se days, the owner began to cast jamb manner, and did not listen to the entreaties :trv wiw. d '53.as^the only man in the coun- »f friends adversely. He often took parties l+ho could do such work. The first of tof friends to his estate. His most distin¬ the stoves carried these words: guished guest in 1770 was George Wash¬ Baron Stiegel ist der mann ington, who accompanied the Baron from Der die open giesen kann. ^Philadelphia to Elizabeth furnace. The stoves .’.ad neither pipe nor oven and mouse ir. which Washington was enter¬ tained is still standing. The old high bed firemac^v™Piace, 11^e*hn°the back th projecting® jaml? of intothe thekitck ad-en Is in the room, and the surroundings are ’ ^ room- Wood was used in the stoves about the same as they were on that day. thev att?fntldn0Ve!t-d inJ;he neighborhood,' The building is of stone, and has a front considerable attention. The 'of about sixty feet. lsSmeP^ was full of orders, and its The proprietor wore his baronial iSh°rii?*er-iy ^creased the owner's wealth. crest and coat of arms, and he jour¬ Jtuoiu seventy-five workmen were employed neyed from Philadelphia to his iron works and glass factory in great style. His fine coach was drawn by four, and sometimes eight, high-bred horses. Postilions were near ut band, and hounds ran ahead of the horses. The reception accorded the Baron on these visits by his j employes and pec-nle was lordly? =l£t the first sight of his approach the watchman in the cupola on his mansion at Manheim a cannon> which told the inhabitants their master was coming. The citizens and a band, of musicians moved to the resi¬ dence. Into town the JSaron swept, and was welcomed with cheers music, and cannon. The cannon at Manheim was heard at Elizabeth furnace, twelve away, ard preparations were made to receive him. On ; leaving Manheim a salute was fired, and I the furnace people knew he was on his way. Hear Elizabeth there was a high hill, on which a cannon was placed, and at the first sight of the Baron’s carriage a shot was fired. The workmen in the furnace present Lutheran Clmrch at Man- j ceased their labors and. taking up their heim, Penn., on Stiegrel Site. 1 ,,.usic, prepared to receive their master. m_ Erected 1891, Dedicated 1892. J From the furnace he would drive to Schaef- ferstown, where he had erected a large tower, on which was a cannon. The tower was fifty feet square at the base, about seventy-five feet high, and about ten feet square at the top, and was about five miles : nia’ Dut -on his visits to Elizabeth fur¬ north of the furnace. It was constructed nace he occupied a mansion on the mann,- for the purpose of entertaining therein his , the acquaintances of the BaTon in more intimate friends, and contained sev¬ Rtidmelphia were Alexander and Charles eral apartments. Stedman merchants. They owned a tract The Baron’s great generosity, his extrav- agafioe, and his extensive purchases of land in 1772 resulted in his becoming financially - ,;;HS embarrassed, and, although he made a de¬ termined effort to reduce his obligations, he wTas that year imprisoned for debt in l5hJS£?*the erection of a fineresidence in Philadelphia. It was the old story of de- | the new town, completing it in 17ffi walls deep-red bricks, made in Eng! :»oor. i'B'fil!,'"™" the flf, rsss& jwsjwria iV r™”;

3S ft. S"t"h,6a«CneU.1?oteetfor,n?, Sf"" !" was about 90 feet Workm»5 the cuP°ia Europe and begin' m2KS“rlnTta He? The following year about th:, ’n n f‘h8.

S!oherpitchers,1?Pl0yed sugar *5bowls makil flasks^ vases . slit cellar?Lellars,

Zorl jna Bo^on.^ in PMadelphlaf'New?

Lntlierar Cliureli at Manheim, Penn., Erected 1853 on lot Deeded by Baron Stiegel. riia Synbdl is interesting. rne pionee serting friends, who could have assisted building of this church was a small log. and prevented his disgrace had they so de¬ bvildine: which stood until InO, when it sired. Some of his friends, however, 'made was destroyed by fire. Tradition says the representations to the General Assembly, brand that set the fire was brought from and in 177-1 succeeded in getting Stioget a neighboring house. While the church out of prison. He sent a notice to many was burning the minister came on the scene prominent people of the State and city of prepared to preach his Sunday morning ser¬ his intentions, the following being a copy: mon from the desk. On Dec. 4. In-, Baron Stiegel deeded a lot in Manheim to the Philadelphia, Dec. 15, 1774. Trustees of the Lutheran congregation for Sir: Please to take notice that I have applied to the Honorable House of Assembly for a the consideration of 5s. and for ground rent, law to relieve my person from imprisonment. the annual rent of “one red rose in the If you have any objection, please to appear on month of June forever, if lawfully demand¬ Thursday next at 3 o'clock in the afternoon at ed ” It was only twice demanded by the the gaol in this city, before the Committee of Baron personally, 1793 and 1791, and paid. Grievances. Your humble servant, Peter Erman, Henry Yv herley, and HENRY W. STIEGEL. Montzall were the Trustees named in the To John Brubacher. indenture. The log church erected The unfortunate Baron came out of prison on hristmas Eve. Helpful friends ad¬ vanced him money, and he opened Eliza¬ beth furnace again. His city residence was sold, as were his teams, glass works, and other expensive property, and he moved into his home at Manheim. The charge against the Baron that he was false to the colonies was unfounded. The Revolutionary War came on, and Stie- gel’s furnace received orders for can¬ non and ball. His factory was un¬ able to turn out the amount of ma¬ terial required, and he informed the Government that if it would assist in con¬ structing a raceway he would furnish twice as much, ammunition. After the battle of Trenton, Washington sent Stiegel 200 of the Hessians he had captured, -who were put to work on the waterway. The ditch was about two miles long, and at some points twenty feet deep, and at others they went through rock, but finally completed it. The furnace’s capacity was doubled and as¬ sisted the Government wonderfully. Orders from this source began to slacken in the Fall of 1778, and the creditors of Stiegel called for money. He could not pay all his obligations immediately, but he did, with the aid of friends, pay every cent finally, leaving himself penniless. At this j>oint in his career his excellent education became his capital. In 1779 he moved with his family to the parsonage at Brickerville, where he made a precarious living by preaching, teaching school, and giving music lessons. Some of his pupils were the children of the men who formerly worked for him. In 1789 he obtained the thereon had three side galleries and a can¬ privilege of occupying his former castle at dlestick pulpit. The floor was brick and the I Schaefferstown, where he resided about a walls chinked and daubed. A tew years $ year and then went into Berks County and later the walls were plastered and a wooden was a for a. time at the Reading fur¬ floor laid, and a 500-pound bell put in the naces. While there his wife paid a visit to belfry. The bell was placed by Ulrich Key- '•■■■ Philadelphia, and died in that city. The ser, who said he wanted to be buried with Baron was so poor that his wife had to be Klang und gesang.” The first five pastors | buried in the city where she died. To the were the Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg, 1771 to 177S; [1 husband this was the hardest shock he ever the Rev. John Daniel Sehroeter, 1778 to received, never recovering from its effects. 1782; the Rev. Frederick Theodore Mels- He moved into a small house near Schaef¬ heisner, 17S3 to 1789; the Rev. John David ferstown, taught school a short time, and Young. 1789 to 1790, and the Rev. John passed away in the Summer of 1783. He Frederick Ernst, 1S02 to 1805. Mr. Ernst was buried beside his daughter Elizabeth, passed away heartbroken, and is buried in who maried William Old. Baron Stiegel the churchyard. During his pastorate he ", had three children, Barbara, Elizabeth, and delivered an oration one Fourth of July 7 Jacob. The oldest descendant of the Baron, at Big Spring, near town, for which the ;; Mrs. Rebecca C. Boyer of Harrisburg, died ! Church Council locked the door of the i recently. She was in her ninetieth year, church against him. This action worried *1 and was married to Jerome K. Boyer. For i him, illness followed, and his death oc-1 1 a number of vears Mrs. Boyer attended the ' curred Oct. 24, 1805. _The _other_ pastors UJ Feast of Roses and received the annual | were Henry Scriba, 1807; William Bates, rental—one red rose—as stipulated by her ; 1810-1828: Ruthroff Frederick, 1828-1832; I ancestor. ; Peter Sahm, 1833-1S35; C. P. Miller, 1S3G- I A portion of the Baron’s residence in Man- 1841; Charles Frederick, 1842-1849; J. H. heim is standing, a part of one of the busi¬ Menges, 1849-1S51; C. Rees, 1854-1856; I ness houses of the town. The office he George Hains, 1S57-185S;'D. P. Rosenmiker,' erected and once occupied is intact. The 1858; Joseph R. Focht, 1S64-186S; Mr. Keml 1 oaken floors of the residence will last for per, 18GS-1S69; J. C. Barnitz, (supply,) 18091 J years. The tapestry was taken down some 1870; Jacob Peter, 1871-1890; John H. Men¬ years since, and may be seen in the rooms ges. 1S91-1S93; Luther Lindsay, 1894. The of the Pennsylvania Historical Society at Rev. L. L. Lohr, the present past02", en¬ Philadelphia. Several relics of the Baron’s tered upon his duties on June 1. 1894. The days, and especially pieces of his glass¬ Elders of the church are John S. Henry, ware, are treasured by residents of Man¬ George D. Miller, John F. Devert, and J. heim. H. Sieling, M. D.; Trustees—C. Bear, the The history of Zion’s Evangelical Luther¬ Hon. C. G. Boyd, H. S. Witmyer, and L. P. an Church, at Manheim, East Pennsylva- White. __ — . u - - ■ -- - — V \ 21

The present church was erected in 1S91, i dedicated April 2-1, 1S02. and eost $i::,oon. It is of brick, a base course of sandstone, resting on the east end of the churchyard. rthe-footsteps of Thy dearly beloved Son, mv Lord | The edifice is 92 feet long and .95 feet wide, Saviour, who had to suffer so much for mv : divided into six apartments, which can be (.sake. Let me willingly suffer al! wrongs that thrown into one. It is lighted throughout 'I may not attempt to attain my crown with bii- by gas, and is steam heated. A pipe organ r-patience but rather to trust in Thee, mv Lord costing $2,500 is in the auditorium. The rand God, who seest into the hearts of all men > seating capacity of the auditorium is 300. and who canst save from all disgrace. Vet' Lord, hear me and grant my petition, so that The church has a membership of 200, the all may turn to the best for mirm own and mv I Sunday school 325. The church tower is SO soul s salvation, for Thy eternal will’s sake' I feet high. Dr. J. H. Sieling’s Bible class Amen. ! gave the bell, which weighs 2.S50 pounds, i On the afternoon of the “ Feast of i Stained glass windows are prominent. In | the circular window back of the pulpit there j Roses ” Dr. Lohr will preach the memo¬ ! is a large red rose in memory of Baron rial sermon. Recitations will be made by ■ Stiegel. The services are principally in Eng- [ lish. One German sermon is delivered ev- ' i ery other Sunday morning. It is proposed to erect a chime of ten bells to be called the “ Baron Stiegel Memorial Chime.” The following prayer is a translation from the German, found on the blank leaves of a German hymnbook, once the property I of Stiegel. It is in his own handwriting, i and was doubtless indited during the time j ; of his misfortunes. In its German con- ■ struction it shows that the writer was no ordinary scholar: Honored and truthful God. Thou hast in Thy i laws earnestly forbidden lying and false witness, and hast commanded on the contrary that the I truth shall be spoken. I pray Thee with all j my heart that Thou wouldst prevent my enemies I who, like snakes, are sharpening their tongues against me, and who, although I am innocent, seek, assassinlike, to harm and ridicule me, and defend my cause and abide faithfully with me. Save me from false mouths and lying tongues, who make my heart ache, and who are ; a horror. Save me from the stumbling stones and traps of the wicked which they have pre¬ pared for me. Let me not fall among the wicked and perish among them. Turn from me disgrace j and contempt, and hide me from the poison of their tongues. Deliver me from the bad people, j and that the misfortune they utter about me may recoil on them. Smite the slanderers, and let all lying mouths be stopped of those who delight in our misfortunes and when we are caught in snares, so that they may respect and turn to Thee. Take notice of my condition, O Almighty God, and let my innocence come to light. Oh, woe unto me that I am a stranger and live under the huts of others. I am afraid to live among those who hate friends. I keep the Tile Rev. L. L. Lolir, peace. My Lord, come to my assistance in my Pastor of the Lutheran Church at Manheim, Penn. distress and fright amongst my enemies, who hate me without a cause, and who are unjustly hostile, even the one who dips with me in the Miss Dora Smith of Gettysburg- and Miss same dish is a traitor to me. Merciful God, who Minnie Snickler of Lancaster. Addresses eanst forgive transgression and sin, lav not this will follow by J. S. Yocum and A. F. Hos- sin to their charge. Forgive them, for they know tetter of the Lancaster bar. Then will not what they do. Forbear with me, so that I come the payment of the red rose by the may not scold again as I have been scolded, pastor, Dr. Lohr, and its acceptance by Miss M. M. Horning, great-great-grand- daughter of Baron Stiegel. In the evening the children’s service will be held, and. Walter Lawrence will sneak on “ Great Men.”

wn j- une- - o,7’ .loy-,~ > f'-'OC WCI» pctiu to J. C. Stiegel, a great-great-grandson of the Baron. The rose was paid to Mrs Re¬ becca C. Boyer on June IS, 1893, and also in 1S94 and 1S95.

Mansion of Baron Stiegle, At Manheim, Penn. It was Built About 1760.

and not reward the wicked with wickedness, but that- I may have patience in tribulation, and place my only hope on Thee, O Jesus, and Thv holy will. Almighty God! if thereby 1 shall be arraigned and tried for godliness, then I will 1 gladly submit, for Thou wilt make all well. Grant unto me strength and patience, that I may. through disgrace or honor, evil or good remain in the good, and that I may follow in lyarowned in the Del a ware river. During j the Revolutionary war lie was a captain I A BUSY HAMLET. of a troop of cavalry. He had two sons ! and one daughter. Joseph died young i and Jacob moved back to Bucks county, j on the old homestead, and on April 19th, History of the yillage of 1812, he bought the property on which Kintnersville is situated from Joseph Kintnersville. Frooelich, Jr., son oi the original land owner. The sum paid for the property ! was 126.75. The only houses on the site j A Paper Read Before me Buckwampun ol Kintnersville when Mr. Kintner came j there were a log house, where William Historical and Literary Society at Re- I Ruffner now lives, and a little frame j vere, by Rev. S. S. Diehl, on June house near where Albert Stover’s house i now stands, and a stone house on Alonzo 13, 1S96. Nicholas’ place. In 1818, a Mr. Deerner, an uncle of our townsman, Levi Deern- er, built a little house nearty op¬ It is not our privilege to write about a posite Mr. Kintner’s log house' on place that is very famous, nor is it our the other side of Gallow’s Run. lot to speak about a place of any consid¬ Mr. Kintner upon coming to this place carried on the potting business, the shop erable size; yet it might be much easier being near the log house in which he to write a skecth of many a noted place lived. He had a man in his employ by than of this little country village. the name of Miller. He was a colored man and the first one of that race that There are places whose history is al ways lived in this part ol the country, so he kept well in mind, while the history of was regarded as quite a curiosity. Mr. others is permitted to fall into oblivion. Kintner carried on a very extensive busi¬ Such seenis to be the case with the little ness in his line, his teams with earthen¬ town with whose history I am to enter¬ ware used to go north as far as Strouds¬ tain you. No historian has yet arisen to burg and the , over a relate the exploits and adventures of this large portion ol New Jersey and south town, nor has any bard yet trained his as far as Wilmington, Delaware. InlS14 muse to sing the praises of the place and Mr. Kintner built a larger and more ! the achievements of its inhabitants. .commodious residence for himself; this Nature has given to this little village was a portion of the house where John many advantages which much larger Kiser now lives. He next built a frame places often do not enjoy. The scenery house where John Gutekunst now lives. surrounding it is magnificent, and the In 1818 he built the tavern and sold it the atmosphere is exhilarating. Where the same year to Lewis AJgart. In 1828 Le little stream of Gallow’s Run is slowly built the brick house where Dr. W. N. wending its way to the beautiful Dela¬ Leedorn now lives. The lrame house ware; where the begins of Frank Adams was built by Mr. Kint- J to break through the hills and form the ner, in about 1818, as a store building, I magnificent Pennsylvania Palisade, there and here he carried on the mercantile is situated the beautiful and busy little business until he sold out to the McFar- I hamlet ot Kintnersville. land Brothers, John and George. The first record we have of the owner of the land upon which Kintnersville is Rutledge Thornton opened a store in the i Dresent shoemaker shop of John Kiser i situated is in 1743, when Surveyor Gene¬ in 1823, having bought the property Irom j ral Nicholas Scull surveyed the bounds Stephen Brock, sheriff of Bucks county, j and meters ot Nockamixon township. Here he carried on the business until he Some property was then owned by was elected sheriff of Bucks county in Thomas Blair, As near as we can get at 1839. He was succeeded in the mercan¬ any definite conclusion, Thomas Blair tile business by Samuel and James | must have owned the property on the Boileau, In 1847 Elias Steckel com¬ other side, north of Gallow’s Run, and menced to build the store where Wallace along that run to the Delaware river, in¬ cluding the property now owned by Yost now lives, but he died before it was completed. Jacob Kiser, father of our Alonzo Nicholas. Mr. Blair, no doubt, townsman, John Kiser, bought the prop¬ bought this property from the PeDn brothers. He was an Englishman 'and a erty unfinished and completed the build¬ ing in 1847. Levi Sassaman was the first noted land owner in those times. On the man engaged in the business in the new 17th of February, 1743, we (find that a store. He was followed bv Thomas S. tract of 101 acres of land, on this side, south of Gallow’s Run was sold by Jotm, Headman, and he by Levi M. Althou.se. Thomas and Richard Penn to Jacob Froe- In 1879 Levi M. Althouse built the large lich. ot Bethlehem, Northampton county, and commodious building in which the ! Pa. Thus we find that Jacob Froelich mercantile business is now carried on. ! was the first owner of the land on which This is one of the most complete stores the village is located. to oe found in the county. There you “ In the year 1749, a man, whose descend¬ can buy anything in the general store ' ants figured very prominently in tne line, from a fishing hook to the finest suit ol clothes. In addition he also does history of Kintnersville, settled in the hill region of Nockamixon township, a very extensive business in Baugh’s near where now is the Herstine pottery. fertilizers. His junior clerk, R. L. Clv- This man was George Gintner, (now- mer, is the agent and/ie says the beauti¬ spelled Kintner,) he carried on the pot- ful fields of grain, grass and corn found m Nockamixon are due to the use of this tiDg business *and supplied the Durham well-known article. furnace with earthenware until it blew out in 1792. He then moved to the Dela¬ One oi the best known business places I ware Water Gap,vyhere he was accidental- in Kintnersville is the saw and gristmill [ 1 I

I eraH:nritrtw,Ve1, nBre I c- wb0 read j ?? a£ilcl? upon ‘Some Historic Iudians.” Bucks county,born in 1739, and Mr. Hoflman’s paper took a wider than- leP; ‘hose patriots who rendered most e_c,ent and valuable service to the tS?ntere°sPtU?a ^ intormative aa ™11 ■ American cause. Mr. Turner’s paper is n.ri^' H,utchinsou presented the spec- ® Intelligencer's possession and lalxy local historical address ot the occa- 'Vx.. b? printed entire at an early day. Mr- Hutchinson’s paper discussed . l^ls Paper and the election of , Pn°r toJS90- It was a most eighteen persons to membership com pi ehensive and valuable chapter of nom_,.g was aone at the morning session. isoo0r?niCOV*ernag the time fl'°m 1684 to • norB. recess the b°ard of i860. The following are extracts : The . rus.ee s held a session, at which the sub¬ tow nstearl” ol Penn embraced a tract of ject ol picturesque historical work was about a mile square, and was plotted in considered. After some consultation the iObi, as shown by Holmes’map of the following resolution was adopted, which i ioprietor. Persons taking: up surround- '\a,® Presented to the society and ratified mg .and were allotted ten per cent, of at tiic auernoon session : theur acreages within the townstead. i nmeetfcf the trustees of the vne farm west ol the borough which be- fr' vk2i C ‘;a’ h ^Intoricai So«ety held xonged to the estate of the late Alexan¬ ot..y 21, 1896, the following were appoint- der German is believed to be nearly iden¬ I edA oommitxee oa picturesque history: tical with one of the original ton per cent, v."1 • ttutehinson, Newtown; Miss Agues tracts. Jha boundary lines between Sdeoury; Mrs. Alfred tracts became laneways and probably Pa^cuall, Doylesloivn ; Henry 0. Mercer, tne roads radiating from Newtown to-day iWtS0St°^ : Miss Sarah A. Twin- are neariy upon the lines of original dley' The cordPfittee is author- purchases. " r?6, t0 Procure a suitable album and Newtown commons was a tract of land y fr\'v op the treasurer for the amount in the centre of the town reserved i n tueir bill. They a.e desired to appoint by Penn for the common use of all the one of their number as curator and to people m the enjoyment of the waters of ' procure all Pictures possible of local his- or the creek. Tfie tract was surveyed by tor.c scenes, buildings and objects, which John Cutler in 1716 and was to have been su,„xi be placed in the album and stali conhded to the charge of trustees. The become the property of the society. death ot a majority of the trustees before , from work the members anti guests tue consummation of the plan lead to a rf,1® c,alkd to refreshments which were proposition for a resurvey in 1727 and the fep.ead on tables beneath the trees. Here purchase of the land by the adjoining jtae^ eiders were waited upon by the owners of real estate. The tract was ffiF8 and a social hour was passed again surveyed in 1796, and after being w ltn much pleasure and profit. V divided into fiity-five lots was, on Au¬ i Promptly at two o’clock the business gust 1, of that year, exposed at public jot tne ciay was resumed with the presen¬ sale. One-thircl of the proceeds of the tation of candidates for membership. A saie w as to go to the academy, or for [resolution was then presented by the a school then established, another third secretary, to rescind the resolution of was for the township schools, and the re¬ 2h 16,91’ .witich Provided for the maining third was for the uses of the WOUiing of business sessions of the townstead. The organization “Trusteesof Koc.eiy at the mid-summer meeting. Newtown Commons” is in existence at the jTua necessity therefor was found in the piesent time but has rarely auv purpose former small attendance at the mid-win- to serve. |ter meetings. Conditions had changed i The first permanent settlers about New¬ town were Stephen Twining, William pastVnd i«1fbett6r v?tbin two years! P„a- ’,.ari^ aslt was no longer necessary Beckman, Thomas Hiilborn, Ezra to dHer business the former status of af¬ Croasdale, John Frost, Shadraek Walfby fairs was restored ana James Yates. The first pateiitrfor The committees on marking the grave ianu w as to Thomas Rowland, fop'five ot Tammany, on securing a proper rep? liunarea acres qated April 15, 1685/ reservation of Bucks county on the great The oldest indtitution of Newtdwn to¬ (seal °i Pennsylvania, and on revision of day is the Presbyterian Church. The first tue .....-laws were continued. The com. past or was.Rev. Hugh Carlisle w/ho pre¬ imitteeon memoria1 at the Washington sided previous to 1739 The present build¬ ne&uquarters, the old Keith uropeitv re- ing was erectedjin 1769, James Boyd be¬ ported verbally through John S. Willi came the pastor in 1769 and continued in i rar^liVC?^lrman' 1>r" Jofan Passon, the cnarge for nearly half a century. A lot¬ pre.^nt ow ner and occupant ot the pro¬ tery, a common resort in those times, wras perty, was entnely willing that a rufita- resoitod to as a means of raising lands m 1761. The other oldest institution is tneD? Old headquarters,hmriablettS!:i0l byJld thebe plac0dsociety. upon Jn. the Newtown Library. The first minutes « V t7ia’fltt0hth^e C0Sxt of a Pr°Perly inscrib¬ record the date 1761. Joseph Thornton ed telnet had estimated the necessai y was librarian and the books tverekept expense at above ?30. This sum would in his house. prov.de a plate about 18x24 inches, which March 24,1724 an Act ol Assembly au¬ was deemed about the right size. Under thorized Jeremiah Langhorne, William instruction of a motion by R9v. Mr. Tur¬ Biles Joseph Kirk bride, Tnomas Wat¬ ner, the committee was continued and son, M. D.. and Abraham Chapman to prized to have a suitable memorial purchase a tract of land in Newtown and pxate made and properly placed upon the to build thereon a Court house and jail. «. yrice was limited to £503.' The lot xi'onted on what is now State stre Jt. The 1 h6~fb’Towit*? named ^perjjrJhs were elections for thefwhole county were held proposed c ud elect .-cl to’ mc-mber-l‘’p: in this court hoilse until 1786. In 17£6 the ! Mrs. John S. Williams, V ss Agnes B. building now occupied as offices by Mr. Williams, Soielury ; Hepry W. Wat son, , Hutchinson was eroded by the county, Samuel C. E i-tlm Laugh or no; Mrs. the previous accomodations having been H. B. E stbu u Gc • rge P. Brock, Miss out grown. The courts were held at Louise Buckui- u, -irs. Hcmy S. Muint, Newtown from 1727 to 1813. Mrs. Robert ill Yard ley, Wilburn C. Newtown was an important point dur¬ Newell, Dovles1 ;\vu : S. Gordon Smyth, ing the Revolution. It was a depot for Oliver Hougb, JLatt'.e AY. Shourds, Miss supplies and was the headquarters ol Mary Jane R5tg.{M”s. P/iseiua Ring W ashington trom the 27th to the 29th of A >*chamH»olr, Philadelphia ; Hemy H. December, 1776, just after the battle cd You’’ken, Nvcka.inxon ; E. E. Altkouse, Trenton. Lord Sterling, a prominent of¬ Sellersville; Captai-i William Try ukoop, ficer under Washington, had h's head¬ Ashbel Wh Wat o. , Mr.-. Jenffie Y. Wat- quarters iu Newtown and British prison¬ Km, George G. Worst-*. Mrs. Huldah ers were detained in the town. Vv'orstall, Thaddeus Kei.derdine, George The robbery of the county treasury at A. Jerks, Mr J E ten D. Jenks, Dr. Newtown, October 22, 1781, was one ot Charles B. Smitfi, Mrs. M. Anna Smith, . the notable criminal events of the local¬ Evan T. Workington, Mrs. Sarah F. ity and county. The band ot outlaws, W'orthi'gb>n, Je: e B Twining, New- headed by the Loans, secured Lorn John i town ; Mrs. LetFia fvic.ii ?, Miss Sarah Hart, county treasurer, £735 iu specie ! a. Twining, Yard ley; Mrs. Anna C. , and £1303 iu paper, for which crime two Atkinson, Buckingham; Mrs. Maty A. x of the Doans anil one of their colleagues Yandegrift, Eddington. paid the penalty ol their lives. Then closed tip* mid-summer histm- Among the prominent men of New¬ cai meeting ot 15p6— ne of the most sue- |'j town’s earlier days Mr. 'Hutchinson c sstul meetings as veil as one of the mentioned and briefly sketched Judge most enjoyable an d profitable events m Gilbert Hicks; Isaac Hicks, who was the society’s his! my. Ot large and last¬ recorder, prothonotary, clerk ol orphans ing value to the society, of great plea-ure court and justice of the peace; Edward t . the 250 to 303 persons present, and full Hicks, the eminent minister among C;f promise for t ;e future ot the associa¬ Friends, ana Col. Francis Murray, prom¬ tion which iu re. mt years has awakened inent and uselul in beta military and to fresh Zealand act vity. civic life. The following list comprises the names j Newtown has been always an educa¬ ot many of the members of the society ;; tional centre, the first school of which and guests present: 1 there is record being that ot Andrew Mc- Hou. E I ward M. Paxson, Albert S. *; Minn. In 1798 was erected the Newton n P.-xsou, Bu -kingl.am; Rev. D. K. Turner. Academy. Temperance was a principle Hartsville; Airs. Priscilla Ring Areham- among the people and 1746 witnessed a bault. Miss Mary Jane Ring, Mrs. Carrmi | ■ petition to suppress certain public R. Williams Howard W. Lippincott, houses. i Henry M. Tu rning. Miss Emma I ell, Under the c-alption “Old Buildings,” J. E. Gillingham. Willi, m Jenks Fell,) Mr. Hutchinson enumerated the “Bird Philadelphia; Mr. aud Mrs. JohnWii-l iu Hand” a hostelry on State street; the let *. Baudot field, N. J.; Samuel C. Cad- j “Court Inn,” it Court and Sullivan wallader, Upper Makefield; Dr. John P. | streets ; the “Brick Hotel,” a portion of Agnew, Browns' urg ; Mr. and Mrs. the present structure ol that_name; the Richard H. Vault km, Miss Maiy Ander- a ‘•Justices’ House,” and the “Temperance sou, LambenvilleA N. J.: John S. Will- | House” built by Schoolmaster McMinn. I lams, Mr. and Mrs. Asher Mattison, i Henry C. Mercer read the concluding Miss A. B. Williams,Solebury; Ex-Sen?- g paoer of the sessions “Notes Taken at tor and Mrs. Charts S. Yandegrift, Ed- if! Random,” which introduced some unique dington; Mrs. Joseph Smith, Mrs, Lotit.a ^ material, from folk lore of the Lehigh T :. ning, Miss Sarah A. Twining, Mrs, J; Valley to fire lighting by abonJRnal luu'iford, Yardiey ; Miss Mary McKern, J methods. Mr. Mercer has permitted the Camden, N. J ; W. J. Hoffman, AAashi: g- y Intelligences to have his paper and it ton, D. C.; Samuel C. Eastburn. Lang- I I will be printed entire very soon. borne; Mrs. Ann .' J. Williams. Holicong; I I Fora brief time after the close of tae E. R. Kirk, Pineville; Miss H. E. Car- 1 ; session an interested group su’rounded penter, Bowling Green, Ky.; Miss Maiy 8 1 Mr. Mercer asking questions, and wit Holmes, Philadelphia. nessiug some of the lire lighting meth¬ Dr. Let tie A. Smith, Mr. and Mrs. I George C. WorstaiJ, Mr. and Mrs. Silas | ods he had described. Just before the close of the meet ng i Carey, Mr. and Mrs. Ashbel W. AA atscr, 8 John S. WiHiams offered an appropriated Mr. and Mrs. San.utl Buckman, Dr. anu I vote of thanks on behalf of the Histori-a Mrs. Carries SmilhUMr. and Mrs. Evan I l cal Society, to t e hosts of the day wnoi T. Worthing ton, J jP. Hutchinson, Mr. | bad so cordially and hospitably enter¬ and Mrs, Henry Tqorntou, Miss Maiga- I tained the members and guests; especi¬ rot Thornton, Misj Mary Goodman, I ally was acknowledgement made to the 1 „ addons Krodefdinc, Watson P. 1 owners of “Sharon,” who had opened CLurch, Dr. G. T. Heston, Jesse B. their house and g ounds for the Society s Twining, Mrs. Arpa J. Pickering, Mis.-* 9 pleasure and accommodation, and gen¬ Mary Barnsley, t a [tain AATliiam Wju- . erally to all the local committee of coop, Aiis. Frea.ii>- Bryan, John ii. I arrangements whose t’me, efforts and Stapler, p oi. iwiijamin Lai tin, Miss , courtesy bad coiitubuted to mo.tie toe cay Belie Vansant, Mr-. Edward Buckmau, j ■ a conspicuous success as well as a source Miss Annie Hougli, Edward Ritchie, J of great enjoyment to tue large aud euce Miss Hauua -AI. Hhioomb, Mrs. George j Nutt, Miss Evelyn! B. AA'ynkcop, New- present.- _ town. Gen. W. AY. H. D&i, Henry C. Mer-_J AbSTfw ' -Mr. and Mrs. AJirea Pasc^all, M; and Mrs. Wilirnn r®llh?i,re n : D?,solemilly promise and C.^awell, Mrs, John Yardlev T c/ I fAAfQagntilat we wlB be faithful and bear true allegiance to his present Majesty King George the Second and his suc-

blte faithfulfafi>/tnT gtorn0 fthe^reat proprietors Bl itain’ andot willthe J),1°'elnce’ and that we will demean our- selves peaceably to all his Majesty’s sub- strjctly conform to the laws of and 04 thls Pr°vince, to the ut- !standing P°W6r and best of our under- L fjA°4ak°4 324 Passengers imDorted in the ship Queen ’Elizabeth, Alexander OLDENTIME ENTERPRISE |^P0 captain, qualifying September 16, cMldren.Wer6 ^ 220 women and iT „W® fl“d no record that the Lerch’s or The Trials of Early Settlers Laubach s owned land in Saucon betore A'4'.’ or thereabout. If they did own land in Upper Bucks. |tfieir deeds were not recorded, as the itArs1113;?1s,w®re careless about such mat- A4 app B0tblebem, Friedens- anticipate the pleasure which an account frmll r’ Ar and °Hier fr°ntier settlements 1 ^dianraidR, which were irequent of their exploits would afford posterity. throughout the Lehigh Valley during the Thus we, in many instances, vainly seek years from 1754 to 1763. The company for information which might readily known as the “Saucon Rangers,” led bv fVnPinaAntvJ iUbfCij’ wa-s especially active have been supplied had they fully grasp¬ during the Indian raid, November 26th, ed the idea that they were creating his- ■ tory while employed at their daily avo¬ In January, L56, the Saucon Rangers under command ol Captain Laubach cations. To our mind it appears that were ordered to guard the Friedensthall ! they hved, labored and were at last laid mil^ and stockades, where a large num¬ to rest, leaving to posterity an honored ber ol refugees, men, women and chil¬ name without attempting a record ol their self-sacrificing and noble deeds. dren, had assembled to escape the mur¬ derous Indians that swarmed in that sec¬ On Laubach’s creek, in Lower Saucon tion of country. township, is an old mill still in opera¬ th 1 numerous families who had tion, the walls and much of the interior I fled to this place ot refugewe find George being the same as when created. About Mimer, wife and seven children ; Philip five-eighths of a mile northwest on the same stream are the foundation walls of !stnHeirt'V e-fall<1 sjx children; Jacob ; another mill and sawmill which were er,4V> wfre and eleven children • destroyed by fire in the winter of 1859-60. jMichael Roster, wife and five children’ The earliest official record of these enter¬ fAn 1Cr’ wi-4e and f°ur children; prises begin shortly after the arrival ot Leonaid Beyer, wife and four children : iSc*4413^4^041’ wife and three children ’ Andrew Lerch, aged 50 years ; Peter, 20 Peter Shafer, wife and three children ’ years of age, and Anthony, IS years of ^a«ln,KllAd- wif? and children ; Fred-’ ! age. The above were accompanied by euck Siegler, wife and two children • i Renhart Laubach, aged 70, and his son, V illiam Stupe, wife and children ; Hans’ 1 Christian, wile and family. They em¬ Michel Walche, wife and two children barked at Rotterdam on the Rhine, on Lesiaesa large number of others who the ship Qne6n Elizabeth, Alexander applied and were admitted to this “city Hope captain, stopping at Deal, England, ?f tejuge. After the “Saucon Rangers” and finally landed at Philadelphia, and in 1,61-62 had ended their tour of duly as qualified on the 16th day of September, colonial soldiers, they returned to their L3S. Alter subscribing their names to faims, mills and places of business an,? .the following qualification paper they assumed the duties of citizens ; but they proceeded on their way to find a suitable made it a point to occasionaliy meet at place to settle and in the same vear ,the “Crown Inn,” at Bethlehem, and re- i made Saucon, about two and a half miles ,count their exploits and mishaps while northwest of the 1727 Durham iron works lengaged in fighting Indians. Ue their home, Saucon at the time being Among the veterans present on these - : within the limits of Bucks county. occasions we have the following; Georee ! We append the qualification in full : Freyman, Philin Bretzer, Hans Fahs .‘‘■We subscribers, natives and late in- Michael VVeber, Fred Weber, Peter Grail'’ 1 habitants of the Palatinate upon the (miller ; Balzer Beil, Balzer Lebr, Cantaiu .Rhine, and adjacent, havmg transported Christian Laubach, George Raub, George i ourselves and families in the Province of Bacuman, distiller; Matt Regie, Haus Pennsylvania, a colony subject to Great At^tw ,Ho.ms^ .Gfrosenvar and others. jBritain, in hopes and expectations of 44these convivial occasions they laid 1 finding a retreat and peaceable settle- their plansjor the toture. Here, fear- thev expressed their sentiments Jard to current events: here they TWO OLD FAMILIES. t nolitics, the crops and the ather They also invested the place in the natm-al order of things wrth all the Bucks County Descendants i innortance ot a rural eschaDS®* , During the year 1745 Anthony Lerch then about 35 years ot age, was cutting Trace Their Ancestry. v/ood along Daubach’s creek aP«ty surveyors came along, who ashed nrm ■cvhprft thev could get whiskey• The Mathews and Merediths Go Back 800 nTed it could not be procured nearer than Years to their progenitors in Wales. at Bachman’s, near Bethlehem. Well then,” they said, “fetch us a lug^ll, and Their Emigration to America and Set¬ while vou are gone we will sur\ ey a iarm Tor you "This they did, and he got his tlement at New Britain. farm tor a jug lull of whiskey. On Feto. 12 1755 Anthony Lerch obtained by Pat- certain tract ct land in Saucon con- Among the early Welsh settlers of New Britain, and what is now Doylestown township, were the families ot Alathews cT, Patent Book A, vol. 19» i ShmBv alter we find him in possession and Meredith. Most old families are ct&,;he mill property, and continued un- quite well satisfied to be able to trace t=, Mav 1 1773, when he conveyed the descent as tar back as then: earliest irill property to his son, Anthony Lerch, D- whoPcontinued the milling business until 1796 when he sold it to John Leidy, Uf Franconia township, Montgomery AtMc. -crnntv Pa The property then consisted and no little dimcuiy below, we cf mni water power and 164 acres of lindbounded by lands ot Christopner Iviich, Peter Lerch and Frederick La - bech. The consideration was 22io£. A iliiiiiBonuou, , -were employed to do ^f^bv James Mathews, of Valley Forge, ] who Is descended from Thomas Mathews, Myers to Saifs’; ot Chalfont The latter flourished as a

$11000, Kunsman a lew years ago $42.00 tor the 'same property, showing a rapid depreciation of real estate. sici-rnn families we come to people w no Captain Christian Laubach having ob¬ tained by patent in 1750-1 a tract of land in Sancon in Laubach’s creek aoout „ Sss«frS of a mile northwest of the Lerch property had erected a grist and saw mill thereon, At the present day it is difficult to de¬ ■ I i termine which of the two mills, the Lau- Kttd.it State till aftg„*» >>«»“» bach or the Lerch, had been erected first. ir’hntfirv to the English F-ing • On April 28,1762, he obtained byipatent descendant of Gweethtold was Sir David another tract in the samo stream, and Mathew It was a wainke age. the same year he bought ot George Brigie contest between the b°l«es of V ork a d j a tract containing 444 acres, making 216 acres lying on both sides ot Baubach ^CaStL^sh Edward IV had^ascended1 creek. On the death of Chnstain Lau¬ SS« m 1461, .id Sir David acMi, bach the mill and saw mill in 1768 was by his will conveyed to his two sons, Conrad and Frederick. , &-SSK?reversion ot Bracton,XSM&m* and one from M Frederick continued the milling and lain, Earl of Parnbroke, ot lands at S sawing businessuntil his death, April 7th, Faques, and also in Pentyrc e. * 1797, when his elder son, Rudolph, took «lain bv the Turoiles, in a not at tsearn charge ot the mill and continued until fn Glamorganshire, and was buriedla, his death in 1852. Llandoif Cathedral, where he has a fine Alter his decease his two sons, Rudolpb, Jr., and Jesse, came into' °rtf alThetnexbtin descent of wfiom we have the property. In 1856 tho gnst^miR and trace was the daughter of Sir (.eorge store was destroyed by fire, a sad catas Herbert,a of Chapel, whose name was tropfie for the firm of Laubach & Bro. Weulliam. Her sixth son was ltaii Alter the death of Rudolph and Jesse Mathew, of Treoir and ^tewftay, of Den- Laubach, the two sons ot the latter tooJs fiio'hshire. John, son of David, marrieu charge of the mill and farms and have Agnes,daughter ot William, ^c°nd son of succeeded in building up the business Sir George Grange, whose title gas^ and are doing a flourishing trade, lhe William Matnew, Henry homestead having continuousiy remam- Knighted on Bos worth Field bY Henry ed in possession pf the direct-defendants VII in 14S5. His death took place March 10, of Captain Christian Laubach ror over 152S. His altar tomb ism Llandofi Cathe- one hundred and.fiity years. f dral. His coat of arms was a lioBram oant and his crest a dove upon a wreath Sir William had a daughter Jenet, _ _ _ . : son, Sir George Mathew, died November Pennsylvania.” This was signed by JO, 1557. He'was member of Parliament John Morgan, William Mathew, Will¬ from Glamorganshire, and twice married. iam Morgan, Hugh Mathew, John How¬ The eldest son of Sir George Mathew ell, Owen Dowle, Morgan Nicholas, John was William, born in 1531. His will was Davis, Jacob Morgan, John Hughes, registered September 13, 15S7. He left Robert Edwards, Philip Mathew and sona, George and Marmaduke, born Thomas Morgan. Of this church in about 1.5SV, and seven daughters. Wales, Morgan Jones, was pastor, who. .sons were the ancestors of the Swansea died in 1730. and Cardiff branches of the family. From Thomas Mathew previously mentioned this period there is a break ot one gen¬ and father of Simon the emigrant, was eration. Thomas Mathew, of Llanelly, living in 1691 in Llanelly in Carmarthen¬ vas born about 1650, and was the grand¬ shire. He had a son Thomas, also, and a son of either George or Marmaduke j daughter Martha, who married George [(Mathew. Davis. Thomas, junior, died in the West With the advance of civilization came Indies in 1691. He made a will leaving ' feofter manners, which were inrther en¬ property to his lather. hanced by the progress of the Reforma¬ This article is not intended to further tion and the dissemination of Puritan trace the history of the lamily in America. doctrines. J. Davis, in his histor3T of the Simon Mathews and his church brethren W'elsh Baptists, says: “There were first attached themselves to the Welsh some Baptists in Llanelly, Carmarthan- Tract church, Pecander Hundred, New shire, before 1640. In 1653 they used to Castle county, Delaware. He came to meet at tbe lower mill, in the town. They New Britain in 1720 along with Simon had two pastors at that time of the name Butler and Anthony Mathew. The lat¬ of Meredith and Prosser, As for Mere¬ ter died in 1725 and left no descendant. dith we know not what became of him Ths old records show that the name was after the persecution. It is supposed that always spelled with one "t” but that the he went to America. The members re¬ final “s” lias been added about a century siding in the coitnty then belonged to the ago. This additional letter was added in church at Swansea, under the pastoral modern times to many Welsh names, care of John Miles, in the time ot the such as Jenkin, William, Hugh, John, persecution the meetings were chielly Phillip and numerous others, held at Alltfawr, Llauon Parish. Preach¬ THE MEHEDITH FAMILY. ing was also held at Geliy r c n y w, and other places, uuiil a meeting house was Like most other Welsh families we find erected at Llanelly, called Falnfoed.in that in tracing back the Merediths that 1709. Anthony Mathew, Simon Mathew the first name of the father was used for and Simon Butler, members of the the last name of the son; thus changing Swansea church, belonged to Llanelly, the surname with each generation. They and went to America.” are descended from the Prince of Pows. It must be understood that the Baptists, In a small volume of genealogy, entitled as well as other Nonconformist churches, the “Prince of Pows,” they are traced enjoyed unlimited freedom during the back to 1310 under the reign of Edward I. period of the English Commonwealth, These princes exercised a sort of feudal and under the sway of Oliver Cromwell. sway over large territories, and enjoyed The time of the “ persecution” came after a kind of semi-independence of the Eng¬ the restoration of the Monarchy under lish monoreb. Frequently engaged in Charles II, when it was sought to force predatory forays upon each others domin¬ every sect with conformity to the estab¬ ions, and enjoying the excitement of lished church. It was this persecution tumult and battle these Welsh princes that sent John Bunyan to Bedford jail would, when hard pressed by their for twelve years. enemies, apply for help from the English In another paragraph J. Davis says in to save themselves from overthrow. regard to Swansea church. “ It was This Prince of Pows, anticipating the regularly formed by John Miles in 1649. more complete subjugation of the coun¬ This church enjoyed much peace and try by the English sway in the time of prosperity under his ministery, until the Richard II made haste to give his allegi¬ persecution under Charles II. After¬ ance to the English sovereign. Old chron¬ wards the brethren had to meet in dif¬ icles relate that the first settlement of the ferent and most secret places, such as Merediths was on the sea shore of Wales, Heol-las, Lledrebirth and Altfawr, and where the sea rushed in with great im¬ in different private houses in Swansea. petuosity and noise. From this came In 1698 they rented the old Presbyterian the name of Meredytb, or Ameridith, meeting house. In 1710 several of the and Maredydd, signifying in Welsh- members emigrated to America. The “animated one.” following is a copy of their recommen¬ Nearly twenty years ago the writer re¬ dation : ceived a letter trom non. Henry Chap¬ “The church of Jesus Christ, members man containing valuable information at Swansea, in Glamorganshire, owning concerning his maternal ancestors, the believer’s baptism, laying on of hands, Merediths. It came to him in this wise : the doctrine of personal election and fi¬ Chapman was Judge of the courts of nal perseverance, to any church of Jesus Chester and Delaware counties for a few Christ in the , years, and resided in West Chester. One in America of the same faith and order, summer evening he was walking out ; to whom this may concern, send the with a friend ot the Meredith name or re¬ Christian salutation: Whereas our dearly lationship. The conversation turned beloved bretheru and sisters, by name upon such points and his companion Hugh Davis, an ordained minister and readily told him the following. Chap¬ Margaret his wife, Anthony Mathew, i man saw its importance and immediate¬ Simon Mathew, Margaret Thomas, Sam- ! ly made a memoranda of the informa¬ uel Hughes, Simon Butler, Andrew Mel- > tion. The earliest ancestor that the re¬ choir, and Hannah, his wife, to go with lator had traced was David Vaughn. His brother _S.owea v to the__Province of son jwas named Evan David, succeeded by William Evan: tlien by ‘Meredith chase from 5000 to 10,000 acres together, William, whose son, Hugh Meredith, and adjacent to some suitable point for a was the father oi Simon Meredith, who town, to give them one-tenth of their re¬ came to America. After this, the modern spective purchases within the limits of the custom ol names was followed. Allow¬ proposed town site, or, as he termed it, the ing 33 years for a generation, or that time for each father to have been born previous “townstead.” to his son, we would find that David Although some settlements were perhaps Vaughn was born in 1513, and that Hugh made at an earlier date in Wrightstown, Meredith was born about 1645. the present site of Newtown was probably Simon Meredith came to Chester coun¬ the first point after leaving the river near ty and settled in East Nantmeal, in 1708. Bristol that was considered suitable for the During the first winter he lived in a cave founding of one of these proposed towns. on his land,which was inexistence down to recent times. His death took place in Here was a fine stream, numerous springs the summer ol 1744. His children were and rich land—considerations not be over¬ four sons, John. James, Hugh and looked in the settlement of a new country Thomas. Of these, John was born in —and accordingly, on Holmes’ map of 1684, Radnorshire, Wales, from whence his made under the direction of Penn, we find father came, Febuary 9, 1699. He mar¬ the townstead or new town laid out and the ried Grace Williams, daughter of Robert surrounding land divided among fifteen Williams, of Goshen, September 29,1727, and had eleven children, born between different owners in tracts varying from 200 1728 and 1750. They became Friends,that to 700 acres, with one tract on the north of being the religious faith of the mother town marked “Governor.” The “Town¬ family. John M eredith was the ancestor stead” was a piece of land of about a of the Chester county branch of the mile square, with the stream, now called family. ^/'Newtown creek, running through its entire James Meredith, brother of John, came length near the middle. Persons taking up to Bucks county soon alter 1730 and set¬ tled at Castle Valley, now Doylestown the surrounding land were, by agreement, township. He married Mary Nicholas, allowed 10 per cent, of their purchases an Episcopal lady of Philadelphia, and within the “townstead” and the remainder died in January, 1775, at the age of 74. in country land adjoining. They had four sons, John, Simon, The farm west of the town which be¬ Thon-a* 3-d Hugh. The latter became a longed to the late Alexander German is physician, living in Doylestown, and believed to be very nearly identical with one was the father of Elizabeth, who married Hiram Chapman. James Meredith, was of the original 10 per cent, townstead lots. the ancestorof many descendants, who The boundary lines between the various have lived in Bucks county. Concern¬ tracts served at first only to mark lane ways to ing his brothers, Hugh and Thomas the back lands. Theselaneways would natur¬ there have been considerable tradition ally be gradually extended and become the jI but no very accurate or reliable accounts. public roads of to-day. So that it is more than probable that quite a number of the tea public roads leading out of Newtown at this time like the spokes of a wheel, are nearly upon the old lines of original pur¬ chase. The settlement thus made, though From, then largely upon paper, would very prop¬ erly be referred to as the New Town, and it is thus quite easy to see how the name of Newtown, spelled with a capital “N,” soon .A.. came to be engrafted upon the first of Penn’s towns in the county of Bucks.

Date, l/i. THE COMMONS. In accordance with another provision made by Penn with the early settlers of Newtown, and in order that all might have an equal right to the use of the NEWTOWN PRIOR TO 1800. waters of the creek, he reserved a rec¬ tangular piece of land, lying on both Paper Read at the Mid-summer Meeting of sides of the stream, extending the entire the Bucks County Historical Society, at length of the town, for the common use “Sharon,” near Newtown, on Tuesday, alike of all the inhabitants of the village, and this was known as the “common land,” July 21st, 1896, by J. Pemberton Hutch¬ or “Commons.” It was originally surveyed inson, of Newtown. and laid out by John Cutler, in pursuance -F TOWNSTEAD. of a warrant from the Commissioners of Property, dated Sixth-month 6th, 1716, and Immediately after receiving a charter for granted to Shadrack Walley, William Buck- the Province of Pennsylvania from King man, and John Frost, trustees on behalf of Charles II, on March 24tb, 1681, Penn set themselves and the other inhabitants of about devising plans for establishing not said township for the purposes above stated. only a large city in the province, but also These trustees all dying before the title for locating a number of towns therein. In thereto was fully perfected, the commons order to carry oat this latter scheme he remained^ practically unchanged and un- offered prospective settlers whowould pur¬ productive until 1727, when, on Decern6er the present time, but has little to do further 20th of that year, an agreement was entered than the occasional satisfaction of an old into by Stephen Twining and nine others, mortgage or the extinguishment of a ground then owners of the land about the town- rent. stead, to have the common land “re-sur- PERMANENT SETTLERS. veyed, purchased from the Proprietary’s The first to make permanent settlement Commissioners, and equally divided among about Newtown were Stephen Twining, the said landholders as best suited their William Buckman, Thomas Hillborn, Ezra lands and the public in general, and to lay out Croasdale, .lohn Frost, Shadrack Walley such streets or ways through the same as and James Yates, all of whom died between would give them all convenient access to 1716 and 1720, except James Yates, who died the water.” The tract included in the in 1730. This was the Jame3 Yates who Commons” was bounded on the south by walked over the one and a half days’ walk the northerly line of Dr. George T. Heston’s of the Indian Walk of 1686. The papers land, and extended northward along the !relating to this were lost, however, and the easterly side of what is now State street to boundaries were never settled until 1737, Frost’s lane, or “Upper” street; thence west¬ when another James Yates, son of the ward to the toll gate on pike to Wrights- James Yatesabove mentioned, accompanied town, and southward along the westerly Marshall in the great Indian Walk of that side of Sycamore street, called the “other” year. He lived in Newtown, in the old part street, down by the Presbyterian Church of the house now occupied by Thomas P. to the aforesaid line of the Heston prop¬ Hampton, and became a member of the erty. It included State street on the east¬ Friends’ Society ten years before the great ern border and Sycamore on the western walk. border, each 66 feet in width, and contained The first patent issued for land about 40 acres and 97 square perches. Many of Newtown was to Thomas Rowland, for 500 the present principal business places of the acres, and was dated Fourth-month 15th, town, with an equal number of residences 1685. The land was north and east of the are withiu its limits. It was again sur- . -“ auaiu BUI - Neshaminy and west of Newtown creek; 450 veyed in 1796 by Isaac Hicks, and in con- acres were outside of the townstead and 50 sideration"ider~‘— of £79r'nr‘ 6s.n a patent- from- the State acres more were within the “village or town¬ was issued by Thomas Mifflin, then Gover¬ stead,” and “one side thereof was on the nor, to William Buckman, Francis Murray streetor road of said village,” but the village and others, on July 8th, 1796, and after had no name at the time of Rowland’s being divided into fifty-fi’ve lots it was ex¬ patent. posed to public sale and sold on August 1st Shadrack Walley was the only one of the of that year. The lots on Main street from original purchasers who ever lived in the the southerly line as far north as Washing¬ New Town, where he married Mary Sharpe, ton avenue, except a lot just north of Cen¬ in ] 688, under the care of “Neshaminy (now tre avenue, were sold in fee simple, while Middletown) ” of Friends. those above Washington avenue, as far John Coat, who came from England in north as Frost lane, and those on Sycamore 1686 with a Friends’ certificate, on present¬ street, were sold on ground rent. But few ing the same to Neshaminy Monthly Meet¬ of the lots above Washington avenue were ing, on Twelfth-month 3d, 1686, gave his improved, on many the ground rents were residence as “New Town,” in two words. unpaid, and they reverted back to the trus¬ James Yates was the first owner of a tees and were re-sold to other parties. Ac¬ farm in Newtown who ever lived on it. His cording to agreement among the inhabi¬ r. land laid upon the souteasterly side of the tants of the township, dated April 1st, 1796 town, about “The First Hollow.” He built the proceeds of these sales were to be di¬ mill on the creek running along the vided into three equal parts—one-third to weswesterly „ sideM of-- his- farm,--... and sold it to go to the benefit of the academy or free school, then established in Newtown “which old dam^elongi’ug ?o thiTmiiTmay’stilf fe* said academy is to teach gratis all such poor seen in the creek close to the southerly line scholars as may offer.” Another one-third of the commons lots. to go to the township for the benefit of a PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. school or schools which were then or may The oldest institution existing in New¬ be subsequently established in said town¬ town at the present day is the Presbyterian ship, exclusive of the townstead; the re¬ Church. It was originally composed of maining one-third to be for the benefit of Scotch-Irish and English Presbyterians. the townstead, in such manner and for such Their first church building was a wooden =i purposes as a majority of said trustees mav direct. J structure, and was located about a half mile west of the town on land now occupied by This brings the history of the “Com¬ the estate of Alexander German, deceased. mons” up to 1800, but, in consequence of The old graveyard attached to the church the death of all the trustees named in the is still to be seen, and contains a number of patent except one, and the resignation of quaint inscriptions on large marble slabs the trust by this one, further acts of the which mark the final resting places of Legislature were required, and obtained i ncorporating the “Trustees of the Newtown prominent members of that day. The first regular pastor was the Rev. Hugh Carlisle, Commons,” and fully authorizing them to carry out the provisions of the original who presided until 1738. He was succeeded trust. This organization is in existence at in 1739 by the Rev. Hugh Campbell, who, he was elected librarian. AT the meeting _ ';v however, occupied the pulpit but for a few on October 25th following, twenty-seven months. The church then remained with¬ members each paid £1, as required by the out any regular pastor until the Rev. Henry rules of the association, and the first pur¬ Martin, a graduate of Princeton, was called chase of books, numbering sixty-two vol¬ in 1752, and he remained in charge until umes, of which twenty were of history, was his death in 1764. During the next five made soon after. In the spring of 1761, as years the pulpit was filled by various sup¬ Mr. Thornton then moved out of town and plies, but in 1769 the Rev. James Boyd be¬ was no longer able to attend to the duties came the settled minister. The present of librarian, the board of directors ordered building, beautifully located on a ridge at the books to be kept at the house of David the northwest side of the town, was erected Twining, who then lived on his farm just in 1769, on a lot either purchased from or south of the town, now owned and occupied donated by John Harris in 1767. The by Cyrus Yanartsdalen, and David was apj church, as originally built, had the main pointed librarian. The library remained entrance on the south side. The pulpit was in here from 1761 until 1788, a period o! the center, on the north side, and was twenty-seven years, and David acted as di¬ reached by a high flight of steps. The pews rector, treasurer and librarian. On account had high backs, and the floor was of brick. of the troubled condition of the country' Parson Boyd was pastor of the church for the meetings of the directors were sus-l nearly half a century, during which period r pended from October, 1774, until October, it flourished greatly. He died in charge in 1783, a period of nine years. By this time 1814, and a large marble slab, supported by the interest in the library had fallen off four stone pillars, marks the place of his in¬ very much, and on September 27th, 1788, it terment in the graveyard of the church. was proposed to sell the books and divide In the early days of this church it was no the proceeds among the members, and six unusual thing to hold lotteries under au¬ members were appointed to carry this thority of the State for the erection or re¬ project into effect. During the twenty-eight pair of houses for worship, and during the years of the library’s existence, however, a time of the Rev. Mr. Martin the Assembly new generation had grown up, and a num¬ authorized the holding of a lottery for the ber of the younger people expressed a de¬ purpose of raising £400 to repair the old sire to co-operate with the old members, wooden church and to build or repair the keep the library intact, and add to its vol¬ residence of the minister. The following is umes and usefulness. a copy of one of the lottery tickets : Accordingly, on November 10th, in 1788, , : NEWTOWN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH LOT¬ the new library company met in tbe grand TERY. 1761. jury room in the Court House and an agree¬ No. 104. This ticket entitles the bearer to such Prize as may be drawn against its number if de- ment was entered into by the old and new manded within six months after the drawing is members to incorporate tbe library, and the finished, subject to such deduction as is mentioned incorporation was effected on March 27th, in the scheme. [Signed.] JNO. De NORMANDIE. 1789, under the title of the “Newtowc Library Company.” The members ther It was within the walls of the present acting as the officers were named as th< church that some of the Hessian prisoners incorporators, and were as follows: Henrj taken by Washington at the Battle of Tren¬ Wynkoop, Thomas Jenks, Francis Murray ton spent the first night of their captivity, Samuel Benezet and Abraham DuBois, wti and a story is told of an English officer were then directors, and William Lintor being buried beneath its floor. To sub¬ then treasurer. This movement gave ne' stantiate this, it is said that when digging life to the institution,and at a meeting of tb the foundation for one of the gallery posts directors in December, 1791, the library wi at the time the old church was remodeled, reported as containing 832 volumes, whic that human bones and military buttons were kept in the Court House building, ar were unearthed. it was decided to print the constitution ai LIBRARY. by-laws, a catalogue of the books and a 1 The only other institution now in New¬ of its members. From this time on t town which dates its organization back in interest in the library was well maintain the last century is the “Newtown Library.” for a number of years. While the population of that period was of a COURT HOUSE. very intelligent class, few families possessed The removal of the courts from Brif more books than a Bible and perhaps a few to Newtown was agitated as early as 11 other religious works, so the need of a library and an act was passed on March 24th, 1' was early felt. The first meeting of which a authorizing Jeremiah Langhorne, Will record is preserved in the minutes was held Biles, Joseph Kirkbride, Thomas Wat f at the house of Jbseph Thornton, in New¬ M. D. and Abraham Chapman to pure town, in August, 1760. The Thornton house a piece of land at some convenient pla was known at that time as the “Court Inn,” Newtown, in trust for the use of thecoi and is the same now occupied by Mrs. E. and to build thereon a court house a Mitchell at the corner of Court street and prison at an expense not to exceed Centre avenue. At this meeting the officers The trustees accordingly purchased of were elected to serve till the last Seventh- Walley five acres of land on which the day of October next, the time fixed for the public buildings were shortly erected, holding of the annual election and pay¬ lot was part of 200 acres, located in 16! ment of annual dues. The books were to kept at the house of Mr. Thornton, and — moT TadffTdS e 7 f, Hnmg, whose estate, as has been sai'T be uJythSfldp °! ?Hn- D0W State street still owns the court house site. During the n! Kfrf easterly line of the common Revolution this small stone building was wbat 18 now the north line of used as a magazine for storing powder and he Heihg estate southward 40 perches to ' biiifoino'^hh8f Pk li6u and was the treasury ,fre “S'6 of Penn’,hM »nSt“ I building robbed by the Doans in 1781 It Mr? “'.'““'i1!- 20 perches to a ine 1572 feet eastward from the easterlv hoarsea8teableed ^ * l0Ck‘Up’ir0n 8tore and lodeDe°rchpOUrt^Street; thence northwardly After the close of the Revolutionary war 10 perches and westwardly 20 perches to the place of beginning. percnes to lnTth.1 80?,n1a?,r®at revivaI of business, The lot was laid out with a 15-foot wide nomine fmai bui!dlng j“8t described be- ming insufficient to accommodate the alley on the three sides, north south and ounty records, the large stone building on east, and was subsequently divided into six lots, each having a front of too fIX the opposite side of the street from the jail and now occupied as offices by the writer’ depth dear oAhYX6, „f was erected by the county for office pur-’ in wiSh.’ 3 8eParated by streets 30 feet hnflfi- ln,17fi6- ft is a very substantial budding having dressed stone on two fronts. ITh^conrf1'h buildin^8 occupied lot No. 1. Ihe first floor was divided by 20-inch walls and a wide hall into four rooms; the two building,Id^rodTn the iTsterl^ide of rooms on the south side were designed for , offices and the two on the north side as eDt ^hreeT *betangi ng ^ l cMffi'Heihg I estate now stands r neuig vaults, and these latter were provided with the first fin . I conrt room was on j iron shutters and iron window and door lue nrsc floor, the main entrance was hv J frames, several of which are still to be seen the dir iD “« ■"iddle oe Se south' I in place. iw?%tba ?f September, 1777, courts W/ ifnfir8fc be d ln Newtown after the Oath ol Allegiance was required under Act of story was fitted . *Kr- ine second Assembly of June 13th, 1777, when Henry the 'old-faibioued^hip 'IKS?'; “ had l Wynkoop, the presiding justice, delivered mounted by a small cupola with bell ffpre rgC t0itbe grand Jury in keeping I with the new order of things. 1725CtoU1813°f tbe.c°UI)tV were held from Thl I81.3' aPen°d of 88 years. I DURING THE REVOLUTION. Located as Newtown was, between Phila¬ delphia and New York, the county seat for a very large section of country, and on one west of theJ erected immediately ot the mam thoroughfares through the county, we would naturally expect it to be HeMig ho™ at” o,h0US.e and «>e Crewiff fU8e’ } P,resent occupied by Dr fnHlmp°Lta-ffc point durin* the Revolution; Colonial LegislSure’o^ms510 tbe afd uUCih r Wa8u Easy of access- central f a Hpnnfkffr0m th®.nver’ u was selected as £rtal’?» «?•£ -Lm ,Pf ■ s"PPhes for the Continental JerseydUriDg the various campaigns in New Xssr ™opmed ,or It was also the headquarters of Washing- court hoMer,?o'N.°e,f0r,he.ra“OTal of tl>e ton from the 27th to tbe 29th of December, the holding of all^Scttne^SiS; I 1776, when he returned to Trenton to fol- oyfLho his victory of the 26th. On the »»p|we™ WS5If he wrote as follows: „ ihp P°rt °f the Bucks county courts 1 m r. Headquarters, Newtown Deo 97fh 177a .■^r^sl^e7li °f Congress: On the evening of the Pth ThG erD°r ln 1730’ 1 find that Eliza- ' '6th Thomas was tried for murder that 25th inst. I ordered the troops intended for th?s ir she pleaded not guilty, but the jury found mffht0 back 0f McKtnkey “ ferry that trey dafkf&f g * CTOSS the river as soon as it grew . urauslaoehter, and she was burn?in tEe and the usual punishment in those On the 28th he wrote from Newtown to Major General Heath, and on the 29th nntZn ffi 1772 ifc was customary for the fows11 t0 the President of Congress, as fob °%ers to keep the records and ubhc papers at their respective dwelling

sf„?:s,ae liiuing or u by 16 feet inside dimensions 1 been discovered and taken in bave tth walls two feet thick and covered bv them a Lieutenant Colonel and Deputy AdlStanf : General, the whole amounting to about 1000 brick arch one foot in thickness where /8nnrdmtTere to be kePt under a penalty thafhwlmemt8 t0 be D0 reliabie evidence tbat Washington was ever at Newtown ex c SulJ h,o,Tal' b"i'di°ih thePS of Lff-y ooildings on the court bouse ThPe 6 thrGe d78 ab°ve rnentionedi I mre, is well remembered by the writer ^e nbf ihdeDg occufP‘ed by h>m stood on the Alfx/r,Hh plesent dwelling on the farm of j 'WbeenStornmdany °tberS D0* !ivin^ hav’ down j|8 recentlyaB 1873 by Alexander German, deceased, just acros - ' the creek on the westerly side of the town I Teufenant wumou British Light Horse, |j wnuTn property al* ’ (li^uSebeTo n ged to just brought in wounded. I. shall send him on t1 the estate of John Harris, deceased. Be¬ “Four Lanes’ End” [now LaughomeJ to-morrow1 There are a number of prisoners of war here, an fore leaving Keith’s on that memorable more coming in. I should be glad to hear you j Christmas day, Washington sent his mov¬ opinion where it would be best to send them. able effects to Newtown as a place of safety Under date of January 7th he wrote th in charge of his secretary, who found quar- secretary of Council as follows: 1 ters in the old Harris mansion. It is said I shall send off to Philadelphia about 70 British! that on leaving the place Washington pre- prisoners to-morrow morning. General Washington! ■ sented the family with a silver tankard, has upwards of 200 more with him. James Reynold;1 and the other two deserters went to Philadelphii which, after being kept for many years, yesterday. was finally converted into spoons.’ The To give an idea of the extent of the cap¬ writer distinctly remembers the tearing I ture by Wasbingtpn and his army at Tren¬ down of the old house, but has no recollec¬ ton, and of the poorly equipped condition tion of the appearance of the historic struc¬ of his men, I quote a letter from Deputj ture. Quartermaster General Clement Biddle t( Immediately after the battle of Trenton, the Council of Safety: on the afternoon of December 26th, the captured Hessian soldiers were hurried Headquarters, Newtown, 28th December, 1776 Sir: Jbtis Excellency General Washington ha across the river and over to.Newtown, commanded me to send forward the prisoners taker where they were confined in the county at Trenton, to pass through Philadelphia to Lancas ter, and I have sent them with a guard under th' jail, Presbyterian church and in several of conduct of Captain Murray (an officer of the Stat I the private houses. The officers, about 23 lately released from New York), with directions t in number, were kept in the ferry house furnish them with provisions and quarters on th _* I have the pleasure to inform yo during the night of the 26th, and escorted that the prisoners ■ssanunt.to near 1000 ; that thei to Newtown by Colonel Wheedon on the arms, six brass field pieces, eight standards of col 1 27th, where they were quartered at the ors and a number of swords and cartouch boxes taken in this happy expedition, are safely arrive! inns. The officers were paroled on Dec. at and near this place. If your honorable commit 30th and sent to Philadelphia, Lancaster tee could by any means furnish shoes and stocking and Baltimore. Four of the officers were for our troops, it will be a great relief. i invited by Washington to dine with him Clement Biddle, D’t’y Qr. Mi. Gen’l. while he was in Newtown, while others It will be noticed that this letter is date called upon Lord Sterling, whose acquaint¬ “Headquarters, Newtown, December 28tl ance they had made while he was a pris- 1776.” ; oner upon Long Island. It will be impossible to note more than Lord Sterling, a prominent commandant very few of the important events whic of the forces under Washington, was a na¬ occurred at Newtown during the Revolt tive of New York, and his true name was tionary period. On February 23d, 1771 William Alexander. His ancestors came Washington wrote to President Whartoi from Scotland, and he spent a large part of of the Council, as follows: his fortune attempting to secure the title Headquarters, Valley Forge Sir: The militia from the westward who ha and estate of an earldom held by some of been detained by the badness of the weather hav his ancestors in 1621, and to which he arrived at General Lacey’s camp, and those froi claimed to be the rightful heir. His efforts, Northampton have I hope come in by this timi Their presence had become exceedingly necessar; however, were unsuccessful, though from as the insolence of the disaffected in Philadelph: courtesy he was always styled Lord Ster¬ and Bucks counties had arisen to a very alarmii ling, and his letters to Washington and the heieffit. Thev have seized and carried off a numb! ! of respectable inhabitants in those counties, af? • council were signed simply “Sterling.” I such officers of this army who fell in their wa, The stone house on State street now owned among others Major Murray, of the 13th Penm by Hannah Hibbs was at that time kept as Regiment, who was at Newtown with his family. an inn, and was known as the “Justices’ This raid upon Newtown was made or House,” because the justices of the court the night of February 18th, 1778, by the were usually entertained there, and here it cavalry companies of Hovenden and was that Lord Sterling is supposed to have Thomas, both Bucks county tories, who been when he received the visit from the captured a quantity of cloth designed for Hessian officers on the 27th or 28th of De¬ the army, and made prisoners of Major cember. While at Newtown Sterling wrote Murray, three other officers and 26 sol¬ frequent letters to the Supreme Council of diers, besides killing and wounding more, i Safety at Philada., a few of which may be In July, 1781, Captain Clay pole was or¬ interesting: dered to receive recruits at Newtown. Onl Newtown, January 4th, 1777. I was ill with rheumatism before our first expedi¬ September 11th, 1781, militia of Philada., 1 tion to Trenton, but the fatigue and hardships I city and county, Chester, Bucks, Lancaster, endured for 40 hours in the worst weather 1 ever Berks and Northampton, Light Horse of saw rendered me unfit for further duty in the field. General Washington therefore placed me here to city and county, York and Cumberland, do the best I could to secure the ferries and upper and two companies of artillery, were called part of the country against any surprise. I will do into service and ordered to rendezvous at the best I can with the force I have to command. I have a number of prisoners from the enemy’s Newtown. On October 12th, 1781, General army pouring in upon me (thank God), but tell me Lacey was ordered to discharge the militia what I am to do with them; there is no room for at Newtown, and on the same date Pay¬ them here. * * * This Is the first time I have been able to scrawl since I crossed the Delaware master Scott was sent there with £3000 to last. Most respectfully yours, Sterling. pay them off. Again, under date of January 6th, 1777, ROBBERY OP THE COUNTY TREASURY. he wrote to the chairman of the Council, as follows: Probably no event which has ever oc¬ curred in the county has created as much also obtained, and he and Jesse were both excitement as the robbery of the county pardoned on September 10th, 1782. treasury at Newtown by a band of outlaws As an outcome of these confessions, John I headed by the notorious Doan brothers, on lomlinson, of Wrightstown, at whose house the evening of October 22d, 1781. The the robbery was planned, was arrested, tried Doans, as is well known, were the sons of convicted and hung at Newtown, and buried’ respectable Quaker parents in Plumatead on his own farm,—the stones marking the but early in the struggle for independence' grave are still to be seen. Two of the Doan espoused the cause of the Crown, and on brothers were convicted and hung in Phila¬ account of their Tory principles and numer¬ delphia, and it is said that their father, ous robberies were declared “outlaws.” John Joseph, walked from Philadelphia to Plum- Hart was then county Treasurer and lived stead behmd the cart which carried their in the stone house on the west side of State dead bodies to his home in that township. street, now occupied by Thomas P. Hamp- Joseph, a third brother, was arrested, but ton at what was then known as “The First broke jail at Newtown and fled to Canada Hollow.” and their lands were confiscated and sold’ The outlaws were harbored by JohnTom- prominent men. " w-0?’ wbo then owned the large farm in Among the names of prominent persons Wrightstown now belonging to Mrs. Charles who were identified with the history of Williams, and it is here that the plans for Newtown during the last century was that the robbery were laid. John Atkinson of Judge Gilbert Hicks, great-grandfather who carried on blacksmithing in a shop on ot our present townsman, Isaac W. Hicks. the property now of Dr. Heston, was fre¬ T79AWa W?rn 011 Long Island> January 10th’ quently called upon by the Doans and their 172(4 W hen married he removed to a farm companions to repair their guns, and it was m Bensalem, presented to his wife as a he who kept them posted as to the move¬ wedding present by her father, erected ments of Treasurer Hart, the probable buildings thereon and raised a family. On amount received by him from the various June 9th, 1752, only six years after coming collectors, and when the treasury building into the province, he was appointed by the was without a guard ; and as compensation governor and council at Philadelphia one for his services he received a small portion of the justices of the peace for Bucks county of the stolen funds. and he ™ th? office until the Revolution • Moses Doan rode through the town in the and on March 29th, 1776, John Penn, then early evening, and, finding the coast clear governor, commissioned him and Hugh he and his comrades surrounded Hart’s Hartshorne, Esq., to hold court for the trial house about 10 o’clock, made him prisoner of all crimes and offences committed bv and took possession of the keys. With negroes, whether slave or free. He built these they repaired to the little stone treas¬ hnfJ^1CkivCQUSe 'F Langhorne opposite the ury near the court house and had no diffi- hotel in 1763, and removed there. He was culty in securing all of the county funds a man of superior mind and commanded contained therein, amounting to about £735 the respect o.f all Was chairman of apublic in specie and £1300 in paper. meeting held at Newtown on July 9th 1774 The robbers carried their booty to an old m pursuance of previous notice, when he log school house which stood just across the made a short address explaining the object v?r • ^rom the Friends’ meeting house at ?*.“e “feting as being to consider the Wrightstown, and there divided it giving injury and distress occasioned by numerous to each participant 140 hard dollars and a acts of oppression to the colonies which had share of the notes, which latter were divided I been passed by the British Parliament, in by count without regard to value. They which body the colonies were not repre¬ then dispersed, each going his own way sented. When, however, the British Gen¬ Henry Wynkoop, Esq., then judge of the eral Howe issued his proclamation, Judge court, lost no time in informing the Supreme Hicks seemed greatly impressed with the v ;.v Executive Council of the robbery, and that power of England and while he condemned oody on October 27th issued a proclamation the injustice of Great Britain toward the offering a reward of £100 in specie for each colonies, he advised to postpone any overt and every of the perpetrators of said rob¬ resistance until the colonies should become bery who shall be apprehended and con¬ victed. thL°Dg?n ^eing conscientious in regard to nflL a1 he had taken on assuming As a result, two of the party, Jesse Vickers office, he read Howe’s proclamation in front and Solomon Vickers, were arrested, tried of the court house at Newtown, and coun- and convicted at Newtown, and sentenced lated NotfnthnEdward Hicks, son of Isaac the ’Squire, the times would afford, and reaching man- and a prominent minister in the Society of

?7°-7o D-et!t edJ lr' Newtown. On June 6ch, Friends, was born at Langhorne, Fourth Kichard Penn, then governor, issued month 4th, 1780. His mother died when four commissions to him : he was very small and he was taken home . ' ■. Justice of the Peace, and also as¬ by Elizabeth, the wife of David Twining, signing him as one of the Justices of the and lived there until he was old enough to County Court. go to a trade, when his father bound him to 2. Prothonotary or Principal Clerk of the a coach painter at “Four Lanes’ End.” I Court of Common Pleas. After he completed his apprenticeship he returned to Newtown, married, and estab¬ Cour?1^ °r Register of the Orphans’ lished himself at coach painting. There is 4. Recorder of Deeds; and three days! no' doubt that the kindly religious teach¬ later, on the recommendation of the Jus¬ ings which he received while in the Twin¬ tices of the Court of General Quarter Ses¬ ing home had much to do with the develop¬ sions, he received a commission as clerk of ment of his strong and sensitive mind in that court, with charge of all its records I the line of religious thought, in which he He was also county surveyor and convey¬ afterwards became so ardent a worker ; but ancer, and filled all his positions of trust as his religious labors were confined to the with general satisfaction until September, present century, I am obliged to pass them 1776, when the whole county was in a! over in this paper. tumult on account of the Revolutionary' One of the most conspicuous figures in struggle, and the excitement occasioned by Newtown during the latter part of the 18th his fathers unfortunate action made it! century and during the Revolutionary days] necessary to remove him from office and was Col. Francis Murray. In 1784 he bought appoint new men. the large stone dwelling on Court street im . On.L February --»«19th, 1777, it was icsuiveuresolved mediately opposite the court house and nov by the Council of Safety that Joseph Hart owned by George Brooks, from Bernarc and Henry Wynkoop, Eaqs., and Richard Taylor, and lived there until his death ir Gibbs be requested to repair immediately! 1816. We find him becoming a member ol^ ^^houseof JsaacHicks.kte clerk of, the library company in 1774, one of its in¬ the couJTJbr Bucks' county, aha take poa-1 corporators in 1789; on December 28th, 1776, session of all the public papers, books and a captain lately released from New York records that may be in his possession, to and conducting prisoners from Newtown to clear out the office built by the county for Philadelphia, and his name appears upon the purpose of keeping the records, and the list of officers and privates of artillery place them all therein and make report if settled with at Newtown by the auditors of any be lost. Henry Wynkoop, Esq., to keep Bucks county on March 24th, 1781, as Lieut. the keys. On February 22d, 1777, the com¬ Col. Francis Murray, late of the 13th Regt., mittee reported to council that the records Penna. Militia. He was a large owner of were all correct and papers deposited, and real estate in Newtown, and in September, tne office to be cleared to-morrow.” 1783, purchased a confiscated farm of Joseph ’Squire Hicks then removed to “Four Doan’s, of 108 acres, in Plumstead. On No¬ Lanes’ End” and occupied the house re¬ vember 17th, 1783, he was appointed Lieu¬ cently vacated by his father, whose confis- tenant of Bucks county, was one of the cated estates being sold at public auction, trustees of the Newtown Commons in 1796 « the court house at Newtown, on August and of the Bucks County Academy in 1797, /4th 1779, were bought by Isaac for £4030. and one of the associate justices of the He lived at “Four Lanes’ End” until 1796 court in 1813. He died on November 30th, when, on January 2d of that year, he bought 1816, aged 84 years, and is interred in the the property at the corner of State and Newtown Presbyterian graveyard. renn streets, Newtown, now known as the SCHOOLS. white Hall hotel property,and removed to the old frame house thereon, in which he Although the population of Newtown lived until his death in 183S. He was natu¬ prior to 1800 was few and the neighborhood rally well qualified for business, and made very sparsely settled, the community was the survey of the common lots when they not without schools. The earliest school in were laid out in 1796. He was authority on the town of which we have any reliable ali questions of boundaries, and always went record was that kept by Andrew McMinn, n Irish schoolmaster, who bought the lot

HR ri V- f.

upon which cn© Temperance House now rick portioh'Tih’the Corner was built by stands of Amos Strickland, on May 1st, his widow in 1757, while the stone addition 1772, and erected thereon the present build¬ on the east was erected by Josiah Ferguson ings. Here he kept both a tavern and in 1792. This old hostelry was patronized school. McMinn sold the property to Gen. largely by those attending court, and hence Murray and bought No. 11 of the Common its name. The newer portions have been Lots, immediately opposite, on which was remodeled within the past few years, and an old house that had been used for school are now in good condition. purposes. Here McMinn lived and still The third oldest of these old inns is prob¬ carried on his school. There was a stone ably the easterly part of the present “Brick quarry upon the rear of the lot, and it is Hotel.” This building occupies the site of related of McMinn that whenever any one the “Red Lion Inn,” a little old tavern came for a load of stone from his quarry, which in 1760 was sold by the sheriff, to¬ he would lock up the scholars and go down gether with a half acre of ground, as the and help load the stone. He was well re¬ estate of Joseph Walley, saddler, deceased, membered by the late Nicholas Willard. to Amos Strickland, for £40. At this time As a further evidence of an appreciation Strickland owned all the land north of of educational advantages by our citizens o’ Washington avenue to Frost Lane and as one hundred years ago, no better proof is far as the bend in the road beyond the needed than the erection of the large three- cemetery, and the Red Lion Inn was the story stone academy building in 1798. This most northerly building in town. In 1764 building was after the style of the county or ’65 Strickland burned a kiln of bricks in offices of that date, with dressed-stone front, his meadow, on what is known as the and very substantial. Prior to 1797 a lot ' Phillips farm, just east of our present Lin¬ ■ part of the commons was conveyed by the coln avenue, and with them erected a large trustees of the commons to certain persons two-story hotel building on the former site for the erection thereon of an academy and of the little old inn, where he lived until free school, and the Bucks County Academy his death in 1779, at which time all of his was incorporated by the Supreme Court of estate came into the hands of his son, Pennsylvania, and the articles approved by Amos Strickland, Jr. The building then Thomas Mifflin, Governor, on April 1st, erected is the easterly part of the present 1797. Francis Murray, Thomas Jenks and Brick hotel, and has large rooms, high ceil¬ others were appointed trustees to carry out ings, broad windows, a wide hall with open the provisions of the Act. The new build¬ stairway and beautiful old wooden arches, ing was erected during the next year and and must have been a grand structure in its school kept therein with more or less regu¬ day, and is still in excellent condition. larity, and more or less under the care and Hessian officers were quartered here after influence of the Presbyterian Church, for the Battle of Trenton. The senior Strick¬ about fifty years following. land kept a number of horses, was fond of TEMPERANCE. racing, &c. Washington avenue as far east as the bend was known as “Strickland’s There was also an active movement in Lane,” and here many exciting races were_ the cause of temperance during the last ij century, and as early as June 12th, 1746, we witnessed at election times ana bffierpuBIu find a petition with thirty-one signers pre¬ occasions. sented to the justices of the peace holding The “Justices’ House,” heretofore men¬ court in Newtown, “to suppress certain pub¬ tioned as the quarters of Lord Sterling while lic houses which are public nuisances and in Newtown, is very near the old “Bird-in- very prejudicial to some of the neighbors. Hand,” was built by Anthony Siddons in There are too many of them and they are 1768, and is still in good repair. not supplied with suitable conveniences to The “Temperance House,” as has been entertain travelers.” said, was built in 1772 by McMinn, the Irish schoolmaster, who sold it about 1796 to OLD BUILDINGS. General Murray, and he rented it as a Among the oldest buildings in the town tavern as long as he lived. The license was are those erected for hotels, or, as they taken away soon after the courts were re¬ were then styled, “inns.” The very oldest moved to Doylestown in 1813,and has never of these is probably the old frame building been restored. on the easterly side of State street between Such then is some account of the settle¬ Centre avenue and Mercer street, and ment and history of Newtown during the known as the “Bird-in-Hand,” from the first century of its existence and of a few old sign painted by Edward Hicks for Asa of the persons who were prominent in and Tamar Cary, representing a bird in a making that history. Very much, probably hand. It was built by George Welch, a of equal or greater interest, has necessarily Dutchman, in 1726 or ’28, soon after the been omitted. May we of to-day not fail erection of the court house. It is still oc¬ to remember that we are participants in the cupied as a dwelling, but is scarcely tenant- history of its second century. able. In conclusion, I desire to acknowledge The “Court Inn,” probably the next old¬ the valuable contributions to our local his¬ est of these inns at present standing, is, as tory made by our late townsman, Josiah B. before stated, on the southeast corner of Smith, deceased, from whose manuscript Court street and Centre avenue. The old volumes I have obtained much information. stone and frame part of this building was | erected by Joseph Thornton in 1733. The sylvania, which was opened Dy i'enn as a refuge for the persecuted and oppressed of all nations. __In this colony they remained till about 1745 or 1750, when Andrew’s father was attracted by reports of the fertility and beauty of the valley of Virginia. Gather¬ ing into an available form his limited zy | means, he took his young family in a X ^. rude wagon or on horseback through the wilderness to the neighborhood of the Shenandoah river, and located not far £ from where the town of Staunton was . afterwards built. But his stay there was temporary. In 1752 he removed still ».1 I‘ r. ( I further to the Southwest, to tho vicin¬ ity of the Waxhaws in South Carolina, where land was cheap and likely to in¬ GEN. ANDREW PICKENS.? crease in value. The region was thinly .settled. Large tracts were covered with the virgin forests. Game wasthen abun¬ dant, and Andrew, then a boy of 13 years The Services of a Bucks Coun- became expert in the use of fire arms, and ■ an accomplished horseman. He grew tian in the Revolution. up to be above the medium height, and his frame was strong, well knit and cap¬ able of enduring great fatigue. Schools A Paper Read Before the Bucks iCounty were lew and widely scattered, and his Historical Society by the Rev. D. K. means of education were limited. His 1 knowledge of books was meagre, but he Turner, of Hartsvllle, at the Meeting- was endowed with a vigorous mind and possessed much shrewdness, sagacity Near Newtown, July 2tst, 1896. and decision of character. When the war between England and Many ot the officers and soldiers of France occurred, in which this country was largely involved for a number of the Revolutionary War displayed re¬ years previous to 1763, the Indians ofi markable bravery and determination in South Carolina, Florida and Georgia battle, as well as fortitude and heroism were allies of the French. In 1761 the settlement of Long Cane was surprised in the camp and on the march. Their by the Cherokees and well nigh exter¬ exploits should be treasured in our minated; some escaped, but a large num- memories and often rehearsed, that we ber of men were butchered or put to may properly realize our obligations to death by torture, and women and chil¬ them tor the priceless institutions we dren carried away into slavery. Fort enjoy, which were secured for us by their Loudon also in the mountainous regions toils and sufferings. Our liberties could of hiorth Carolina, though it was surren¬ never have been won without a conflict dered to the savages by capitulation and of arms. They must be baptised in blood. ought to have been honorably treated, Great Britain would inever have con¬ yet met with the same dreadial fate. In sented to release us from her sway unless consequence of these and similar atroci¬ she had discovered through a sanguinary ties Lieut. Colonel Grant was sent against struggle, that the American States knew them with a considerable body of soldiers what their rights were and had firmly re¬ and among the officers was Pickens. solved to maintain them. The villages of the red men were Among those to whom we are indebted captured and burned, and the for rescue from the oppressions of the warriors driven into the recesses mother country, was Gen. Andrew Pick¬ of the Alleghenies. Francis Marion, alter- ens. He was born in Bucks county, wards General, was a volunteer in September 13,1739, and it is well for this this expedition, and the two were here historical society to call up from the past, associated in a subordinate capacity, as receding and growing more dim, his pa¬ they were during the Revolution in high¬ triotic services, which aided in imparting er stations. In these successful struggles life to the Nation when in its younger with the wily inhabitants of the forests days it was in danger of being over¬ Pickens formed habits of daring, watch¬ whelmed by the tyranny of an unnatural fulness and endurance, and acquired a parent. The exact spot that gave him knowledge of the art of war which fitted birth is lost in oblivion, the name of his him for the wider theatre of eonflic „ with family not being found in either the rbe hosts of Britain. Register’s or Recorder’s offices of this Among those who were fortunate county. He was of Huguenot descent, enough to escape from Long Cane when his ancestors having been driven from it was sacked and burned by the aborigi¬ France by the revocation of the Edict of nes was Ezekiel Calhoun. He made his Nantz, which deprived" them of the way through the woods to the Waxhaws, privilege of worshipping God in their Lancaster county, where Pickens resid¬ own way. They first went to Scotland ed, and the latter soon became acquainted and after a period, with thousands of -with the family. He had a lovely daugh¬ others, to the North of Ireland. Even ter, Rebecca, a noted beauty, one of the there religious liberty was denied them belles of that region of country. It was by the Ecclesiastics of England, and natural that Andrew should be interested after the lapse of a generation or two they in the fair maid. Her estimable qualities came across the wide Atlantic to Penn¬ won his admiration and his heart, and in due time he led her, a willing captive,J to Hymen’s altar. The ■wedding was one ' sacrifice of tbeir time, their substance ot the most brilliant social events of the and their blood. time in that part of the State. For much valuable information in re¬ The principal citizens of Charleston gard to the private life of Gen. Pickens I favored Congress, as they olten differed am indebted to John F. Calhoun, Esq., of on fiscal measures with the Governor ap¬ Clemson Collegers. C., from whom I re¬ pointed by Parliament. A considerable ceived the following: “In an old book of . proportion of the planters in the interior, William Calhoun, Esq., an uncle of Mrs. however, were either lukewarm or ad¬ Pickens, beginning in 1702, in his own hered to the King, and it was in the writing, are records of several marriages, highest degree important that they which ceremonies tradition says he per¬ should he induced to cast their lot with formed, being justice of the peace, ami the advocates of freedom. ministers in thos9 days were not always In 1775 the Council of Safety selected available. Among these marriages are William Henry Drayton and Rev. two Pickens. ‘Andrew Pickens and Re¬ William Tennent, a grandson of Rev. becca Calhoun were married ye 19th day . William Tennent, founder of Log Col¬ of M arch, A. D. 1705. William Bole and lege, to repair to the western districts of’ Margaret Pickens were married ye 7th the colony, explain the causes of the day of January, in ye year of our Lord, dispute between America and Eugland, 1766.’” . ana persuade the undecided to join the One of Rebecca’s brothers was Hon. patriots. Betore the delegation reached John Ewing Calhoun, who was a mem¬ the scene of their efforts, some ot the ber of the U. S. Senate irom South Caro¬ most fervent loyalists went through the lina, and died in 1801 soon after the com¬ region and stirred up their lfiends and mencement of his term in that high office. sympathizers to new zeal and activity Hon. John C. Calhoun, the eminent ffir the monarchy, and it was for a time statesman and advocate of the rights of doubtlul whether the Commissioners the several States of a later period, was would not be compelled to retire un¬ the son of Patrick Calhoun, a brother ol heard and unhonored. At this juncture Mrs. Pickens. He was her nephew, and Captain Pickens took a bold stand for was doubly related to her, as he married his native land. He was widely known her niece, the daughter of Senator John and greatly respected throughout the I Ewing Calhoun, his first cousin. Southwest, and possessed the confidence When peace was declared between of all classes. As soon as his voice was England and France, in 1768, Mr. Cal¬ lilted against royal usurpations, the houn, Pickens’ father-in-law, returned to delegates were more cordially received, his home at Long Cane, which was in their. addresses were listened to, and the southwestern part of South Carolina, multitudes were won from apathy or near where Abbeville now stands, the hostility to the flag ot the free. Indians having retreated to their former About this time he erected a block haunts in Georgia. The next year, 1764, house near his own residence not mere¬ Andrew followed his wife’s relatives and ly for the protection ot his own familv, located perma neatly in the district, which 1 but as a place of refuge for the inhabi¬ was no.ed as the birthplace, 18 years tants when attacked by hostile bands, later, of his nephew, the great millifier. and many gathered there in seasons of Hero tho young ater and soldier en¬ alarm. It proved to be a ceDtre, to which patriots resorted for consultation on gaged in agriculture ""arid-saw-a large j plans for the common welfare, and from number of “olive plants grow ud round which they went forth armed to resist in¬ his table,” while the course oi the'British vasion. Parliament toward the American colo¬ During four years after the Declaration nies was gradually exhausting the pa¬ of Independence Capt. Pickens was of¬ tience of the people, and preparing them ten engaged in fighting with Indians and to demand their freedom, though they loyalists, who co-operated with British should be compelled to enforce their j forces, and was unshaken in his attach¬ claim in the stern tones of war. ment to the Union amid the most ag¬ Captain Pickens was opnosed to the gravating and desperate warfare. Even harsh and unjust measures of the gov¬ before that event he had unsheathed his ernment across the Atlantic. Taxation sword, for he was in the first battle of levied against their will upon those who Ninety-six, November, 1775, a conflict had no voice in the legislation that im¬ i seldom referred to. Col. Affdrew Will- posed it, was in his view tyrannical and I iamson, commander of Jthe Whigs, had ought to be resisted. His opinions on five hundred men on a block-fort, and the subject were not entertained by all i was besieged by Col. Joseph Robinson, his neighbors. Indeed many of them who was at the head of 2000 British. The were warmly attached to the crown, and numerical advantage was so largely on shrank with aversion from resistance to the side of the latter, that the fort was its behests. Men on both sides of the obliged to capitulate after a brave de¬ question formed themselves into mili¬ fense of three days. The Americans lost tary companies. The matter was not one killed and eleven wounded, and the only discussed with acrimony and bit¬ British thirty killed and fifteen wound¬ ter party strife, but warfare raged be¬ ed. Captain Pickens iwas one of those tween troops composed of those who who were selected to arrange the terms lived in the same districts and were in¬ of surrender, and they were taithiully timately acquainted. In no part of the observed by the Americans, but with original thirteen States did this pe¬ their usual Punic treachery were violat¬ culiarity exist to the same extent. In ed by the British. most other sections of the confederation In 1777 Captain Pickens was appointed the great majority of the people were ■ Colonel and^assigned to the command oi united in their desire for independence. a regiment. 1 In 1779 the Council of Safety But in the Southeast many clung to the in South Carolina raised two regiments authority their ancestors had obeyed for the defense of the State. Candidates and took pride in defending it by the

lor CSIoWlwer'e KOOertr .. _ ..Jfk b, James Mayson and ^ose^ Kirkland. he visited houses at night and ehojecred MavsoD was'the favored applicant, when their inmates to treatment worthy y tkeyotkers, stung with ^di^poik^ent of savages A Capt. Turner, a L nion n a • and jealousy, went over to the Tories. held possession of a honto with twenty United with many sympathizers they as¬ armed followers and bravely defended sembled 700 men, liked the royal colors if J’U their ammunition was exhausted, and gave the command to Colonel 13oya. wheit they surrendered, on assurance Colonel Pickens, prompt to seize every that they should be used honorably as favorable opportunity, soon attacked orison."ts of war. No sooner was this him and forced him to retreat. Colonel cone th n they were butchered in. cold Dooly with ICO patriots from Georgia btood ‘Soon after the same gang attack¬ now joined Pickens and yielded to him ed a small body ot Federal miiiuam the the direction of the whole body amount¬ district of Ninety-six. The house in ing to 400. Thus strengthened they pur¬ which they made their headquarters was sued Boyd rapidly and overtook him on —t on tire, and they were under the ne- the banks of Kettle creek in Georgia. cessityffi yielding to superior numbers, The enemy had just shot down some v hen Col. Haves and Capt. Daniel \ViU- beeves, and were about to enjoy them¬ fiams were hung to the pole ot a haystack. selves with better fare than usual. Col. Cb”k. .»«“«them tall K.the qng. Pickens divided his forces into three flurmingham, m a fit ot rage, naes.eu parts, for Col. Dooly, Col. Clarke and himself, and moved to the onset without them and others to till he was tired, and then told bis^ me delay. The Tories were taken some¬ to kill everv one they wished. 1 ourtcen what by surprise. Their leader, Boyd, was shot early in the action. His troops were slaughtered in this way, while but gave way before the impetuous onslaught t'These‘are^only specimens of a course of the ardent iriends of liberty, tell oack which was pursued bythe of ihrough masses of cane, and plunged King tor several years- and instead or through the creek to the opposite bant . nnonching the flame ot liberty it fanned Here they rallied on rising ground ano it to more intense heat. Lovers ot free-, ought desperately. But Pickens urged dom and friends of the National welfare his soldiers on with ^resistible resolu¬ n°^ked to thestandard of Independence tion and gained a complete victory. Not J^reand were rortmeufortified inm the^r determinattouKA AiT ,>irisn more than 3C1 of the 700 arrayed against | never to abandon the contest till those him reached Augusta, This engag?™,e“ f who practiced injustice, cruelty ana i at Kettle creek, tnough the number of tyranny were driven irom their skof®s- forces was not large, had a most import¬ ^In 1779 Col. Pickens and a small band ant effect upon the state of feeling m the oi militia were attacked at Toma&e by country. It was a staggering blow to the Pherokees, who were ten times their Tories and Subsequently their sun ceased number. The savages fought desperato- j to be in the ascendant. Before it they i had been elated with the ldea. that tne.r lv with the tomahawk and rifle tou hours But the Colonel directed his men i cause was sure to triumph. Alter it they to reserve their fire till the red-skins were began to suspect that the red coat., were withto twenty-five yards, to lie low il not invincible and to hesitate about join¬ the grassT and rise to discharge then ing•(Z theirLLLWll ranks. ---■!" . - _ - L pieces two at a time, and ^ak?^cctUan“ Col. Pickens was with Gen. Lincoln at aim. Nearly every shot took efiect, am. the battle of Stone Ferry, .ten miles from the dark eyed foe were stunned and se Charleston, in 1779, and had his horse back by their constant losses in rapic succession, till they killed under him. ' With Marion and Had not Pickens met them with shrew a Sumpter he repeatedly opposed Col. ness and cool courage superior to tbei Tarleton’s brigade and other bodies of own, his whole company would haw British and Royalists, oft an with success, l 6In consequence of the lajgtshr n though the enemy had been heavily re¬ and splendid equipment of the B-UiJ inforced from England. Aft r the Ameri¬ the American General Mofan mltolic can army retreated from Camden to¬ treated to the edge ot North Carolina wards the North their jubilant adversaries Near an enclosure, which was vised fo claimed thatHoot the rebellious CarolmasCarolines collecting and markmgcattle of uiheren were subdued. But the spintof rnosio owners he was overtaken by Cof. lar^e the people was unconquered, ana the SanVSeWbattle o, the Cowpens, as : cruelties and bad faith of porn walks and was called, took place. In this engage bis officers exasperated the patriots to ment Col. Pickens commanded the vm the highest degree. The English assum- unteers from Georgia and the Caro- M. ed that the South was vanquished, be- who constituted a majority ot all t cause they heid Charleston aml some nafriot troops present. Gen. Morgai other towns, and regarded all that ap¬ sensible of his own numerical mienorit proved the Federal government as rebels and ot the important advantage* whi guilty ot treason and deserving death artillery gave the enemy, was at hrst who were to be shot wherever found clined to avoid fighting. Many of h and their houses rifled and consumed officers likewise urged him to retire to 1 hey ravaged and destroyed plantations, fore almost certain disaster. But Go carried off the inhabitants prisoners and Pickens said the retreat had conti made no account of violating their most long enough. Something must be dor to encourage the soldiers and p n &aMajA?wmiam Cunningham collected citizens. It was expedient in his opinio some Loyalists and went far to the west¬ SS*& should hsht^or .» « ward of American forces where he could . feet upon the nation. His view at tong not be readily interfered With and told! prevailed. With more than 400 miiit waste everything withm jfas reach. Noj he was posted in advance to meet the a —L set of theloe. Col. Howard with sea con¬ tinentals formed the second line some wbrfis wereTakeSTancTIn two weeks distance back; and Lieut. Col. Washing¬ ES0n0t l300 capitulated. They were ton with about 100 dragoons was in the honorably treated, though their rear out of sight, as a reserve. Pickens H8 thirmeF1' ABr°^n’ had himself hangl ordered his men not to fire till the Brit¬ „.3 tuirtaen American prisoners atfri ish were within forty or fifty feet of them. e ven over citizens of Georeit to the -Tarleton was at the head of 1100 regular *«e!Pkuea *° be tortured to death with troops, who were confident ot an easy cruelty. was sent to Savan- victory. They rushed forward, as soon ! ?ak v?r detcntion, and would perhaDs as they came near, with shouts, but were beeu shot on the way by psZ received with so heavy and well directed ema^ed at his inhumanity, if he had not a fire from the volunteers, that they hesi¬ tated, but soon pressed on, and forced furnished by (fern PickFnSarmed eSCOrt Pickens’ men to retreat; which thev did in good order and reformed on the right, r. .‘tail? Pol, Howard had to fall back likewise; ■when Col. Washington dashed up to ti e rescue with his cavalry, and stayed the other brother, taken prisoner by the advance ot the enemy. Howard rallied Tories, was given over to the Indians ms light infantry and turned upon the who scalped and tortured him tor thMr British, who supposed the day was al- amusement, as they were going through ready won, with fixed bayonets. Just at this point of time, when victory seemei wavering in the balance, Col. Pickens brought to the charge his militia, who a secona time poured a storm of leaden hau upon the foe; this changed their bright expectations into dismay; they separate body of 350 of bis men. The lat& broke and fled. Coming to 2S0 English tei, not knowing that Americans were in cavalry, who had not been engaged, that vicinity, mistook them for royalists they communicated a nanic to them and as tney were being cut to pieces by a’ and they disappeared in the distance. MZVvB?’ , cried out, “God save the Contusion and terror seized the ranks of Nmg ! but soon discovered their error the discomfited inlantry, and when as- sJ}red;,at: they would surrender thev IHLSE.*" should be well treated, they laid down then-arms. One battalion and two light I ugnsz&ti mtantry companies gave up their colors j outrages on the scattered settlements of to Col. Pickens and his militia. More ' the,mutter. To put an end to their de than 300 of the British were killed and | predations. General Pickens gathered 400 500 taken prisoners. Two cannons and 1 militia, had them mounted on horse a large number ot muskets, horses and I back,and supplied with pistols and short baggage wagons fell into the hands of the sabres made by the blacksmiths ot the Americans. This victory was snatched, country. Advancing into the forests nfvcrii lrom, tho Jaws ot defeat, everglades, where the savagfs lived he largely by the coolness of Pickens and thirte0n of their towns! slew ms men, who reformed their disordered werl m6m aDd t00k Cd Plis°uers. So well columns, in the midst ot an engagement, were his measures taken, that not one of • j and renewed tho contest, after being com¬ his own men was killed, only 2 we pelled to retreat, a thing which was un- wounded and he did not expend three | exampled with militia before in the his- pounds of ammunition. The redn , rres*jyterian Church ^u coast, and held no important post except SoutL Carolina, speaking ot this treatv Ninety-six and Augusta. The latter fays’ lat “four tribes, Creeks,Cherokees’ Fan^f'CfinStprYaS Und®,r the surveil¬ Choctaws and Chickasaws, encaimin'r) lance oi Gen. Pickens and Coi. Clarke around the old General, each having a with militia. On the 20th of May they separate encampment.” They highly Is were joined by Lieut. Col. Lee, when ,®et5fd tlie hero as a brave enernjq whose operations were commenced against the was, to be feared, and on wK fortifica11ona.^One after another the out- honesty, justice, wisdom and in* ^ritv ! they conlu rely when he was their triehd. . TSwsnear Abbeville Court Houle, and They called him Long Knilei During! his Ion Gov. Andrew Pickens, then a Washington’s administration the Presi-I bov of five years old, drew the first jui y* dent requested him to come 13 Philadel¬ The General had a large family ot five phia that he might consult with him or six daugh’ irs and three or four so.,s. upon proper measurers for the civiliza¬ One of Ms ^ns, Andrew, held a commis¬ tion of the Southern Indians. In 1794 he sion cs Colonel in the U. S. Army in 181_, was appointed major general of the and in 1816 was elected Governor o1 militia of his State, which had been new¬ South Carolina. A son ol the latter, ly organized. He was also one of the Francis K. Pickens, was a member of commission instituted to determine the Congress ten years, appointed Minister boundary between South Carolina and t vN acfia bv President Buchanan, and Georgia, and was employed in all the usd Sefore the late war with the South negotiations with the southern natives was chosen Governor of Soutft Carolina. till he retired from public. A member In the last part of bis life General of the Legislature repeatedly, he was Pickens moved from the vicinity elected to the convention at which was Abbeville eighteen or twenty miles framed the State Constitution. In 1794 jiorthwest toward the frontier, where he he was chosen a member of Congress, 'hurl a large, commodious mansion, but declined a re-election and subse¬ which Im called “Tomassee,” a name quently served. again several terms in borrowed Horn the Indians. Possessed tne Legislature? of a handsome property and a fair in¬ In a private letter, which I re¬ come he desired nothing more. His ceived yesterday from L. M. Pickens, home was always the seat of abunda Esq., of Elberton, Ga., a great-grandson hospitality, and he was visited almost of General Pickens, is the following in constantly by relatives, ^jeods and ac- regard to the journey of his ancestor to . quaintances and by dn8. Sfnf. Philadelphia when he w>ent to Congress: strangers from a distance. His dea.h oc- “At that time there were neither rail¬ cuned August 11,1817, in the 78tt>.yea* of roads nor stage coaches; all traveling his age, and fiis remains were curr.ed o was done on horseback. Picture then to the oraveyard of the stone church of yourself a man, who is approaching his Hopewell, near his former residence, and | three score years, of martial figure and !aid beside those of his beloved, bouoi -d j dignified demeanor, mounted on a and devoted wife, who had1 spirited milk white Andalusian, whip a few years previously. He was .one o. in hand and hoist rs filled with a brace those noble soldiers and enlightened pa of pistols, the silver mountings of which triots of whom Bucks county may well glittered in the sunlight. A three- he proud?o have it said, “That man was j cornered hat, from beneath which was silver-gray hair, put smoothly back and ^Itisniot exactly germane to the sub¬ tied in a queue, an undress military ject of this paper, butit may not be arms- coat, ruffled shirt and fire top boots witn to mention that John F. Caihonn, E-q., massive silver spurs. Following at a ot Fort Hill, S. C., m one ot the letters f little distance on a stout draft horse is received, .om him. say., “J to™ b»g * his African attendant, Pomney, in livery gavel made for the use of the Ha tonal of blue with scarlet facings, carrying a Democratic Convention, wHi as¬ ponderous portmanteau, with a conse¬ semble to-morrow (two weekaago). The quential and dignified air, showing in body ot the gavel is red cedar from a tiee evei y movement the pride of a body ser¬ that grew in the yard near the mansion vant of his revered master. Paint this of John C. Calhoun, in which I am now in your mind’s eye and you have before residing. This cedar is very m^emously you a gen£leman of the 18th century with and beautiiuliy inlaid with eighteen dif- his servant on his way to Congress. ferertt varieties ot wood. fhese with the Such was General Andrew Pickens as he handle make twenty varieties of wood passed through our village in 1794.” all grown at Fort Hill, the old home of When the war of 1812 between the John C. Calhoun. A silver Pjafe ^S^at- United States and Great Britain tached, on which is engraved, From Britain was about to commence his fel¬ the home of John C. Calhoun. Af.erl low citizens requested him to he a candi¬ the adjournment ofox the convention toe ka Presiaen- date for election as Governor, but he de¬ gavel_i isi to be nrocfiptflflpresented to tti©the Presulen clined, saying that the office ought to be tial nominee ot the party. , . in younger hands than his. Whether the gavei was used as design- General Pickens was a member and -» r _ Kean infnrmfld. elder and one of the founders in 1797 of the Presbyterian Church of Hopewell, near the residence in which he lived ; many years, and continued in the elder- j ship till his death, having been a firm ! believer in the Christian religion from his youth. In person he was tall, erect and power- . illy built, and uniformly enjoyed good From, cS L health. His features were strongly marked, but suffused with the light of an aide mind and a benevolent heart. In planking military movements. he was Amy .&.- cautipus, shrewd and sagacious; in l camp, watchful and rigid in discipline, /fid in battle cool, prompt and fearless. S. M. Pickens, Msq , says, “He-was one r Date, of the few officers who never drew a cent oi pay for his Revolutionary services, as the roll ot the comptroller’s office shows.” He also states that “the General held the first county court, that sat under the new . [William Allen Peck, ot PhcenixviTle, . 1 Surgeon ; William T. Robinson, of Hat-1 THE PRIDE OF BUCKS. boro, Assistant Surgeon ; Rev. William R. Gries, ot Doylestown, Chaplain; Egl- I round A. Wallazz, of Philadelphia, Ser¬ A Sketch of the 104th Pa. geant Major; Robert Holmes, Doyles- town, Quartermaster Sergeant; John M. ] Volunteers. Rogers, Doylestown, Commissary Ser¬ geant; John Hargrave, Doylestown, Principal Musician; Joreph Winner, me Organization of the Regiment at Doy- Philadelphia, Principal Musician ; Mich¬ ael E. Jenks, Newtown, Wagon Master. lestown—Episodes of Life at Camp The commanders of the several com¬ panies were: Co. A. Edward L. Rogers; Lacey on me Old Exhibition Grounds Doylestown; Co. B, James R. Orem, Doy- and Toil and Danger in the Field. j lestown; Co. C, William M. Marple, War¬ minster; Co. D, Jacob Swartzlander, Doy¬ lestown; Co. E, George T. Harvey, Doy¬ The 104th Regiment, Pa. Vols., the lestown; Co. F, Alfred Marple, Attlebor¬ ough; Co. G, Jobu E. Corcoran, Upper pride of Backs county during the dark Black’s Eddy; Co. H, William F, Wal¬ days of the Rebellion, was organized by ters, Reading; Co. I, Harry P. Duncan, authority given Col. W. W. H. Davis, ot j Philadelphia; Co. K, Henry Y. Pickering, Newtown. Doyle3town, by tbe Secretary of War, to The regiment made two excursions while raise a regiment of infantry and a six I encamped at Doylestown—one to a Union gnu battery to serve for three years or ) mass meeting at Danboropgh and an- during the war. j other to a Union festival at Hartsville, by A meeting was accordingly called m which the men got practical experience the Court House on Friday evening, in marchiDg. August 30, 1S61. It was weil attended On October 21st the ladMs of Doyles¬ and much enthusiasm was exhibited and town presented the regiment with a before adjournment 40 young men had handsome silk flag, costing §145. The volunteered for service in deieme of the presentation speech was made by the Union. Other meetings were held Rev. Jacob Bellville. of Hartsville, at throughout the county and considerable Camp Lacey. Col. Davis received the excitement was manifested. In less flag and delivered it to Color Sergeant than a week’s t;me the first company was Laughlin. The battle-stained and tat¬ lull and mustered in at Clemens’ Hall, tered flag is now preserved in a gla :s September 6th, and was called the case in the Court House, and will be one “Young Guard,” with Edward L. Rogers of the interesting mementoes of the re¬ as captain. union. The exhibition grounds were selected A second fag was received by the regi¬ as the site tor the camp, aDd it was ment from the S-ate, and it waa present¬ named “Camp Lacey,” in honor of ed by Governor Curtin in person at the Brigadier General John Lacey, of Bucks -encampment on October 28th. Both oc¬ county, of Revolutionaiy lame. Camp casions were largely attended by resi¬ and garrison equipage, and quarter¬ dents of the county and ad joinin g coun tr v, master s and commissary stores, were on and the camp grounds were fairly alive the ground by September 12th. By the with people. Alter the presentation of 13th the enlisted men began to arrive, the flag by Governor Curtin, R9v. Silas and that evening the train brought up a M, Andrews, D. D., of Doylestown, pre¬ number of men for the battery. sented each officer and man with a New There were several ofters of companies Testament on behalf oi the Bucks County from a distance, but it was desired to Bible Society. make this a Bucks county regiment and The first man died while f he regimeri all were rejected except one from was at Camp Lacey, and the first bloc Reading and one from Philadelphia. was drawn. Joseph! B. Smith, of RicV- Recruits poured in rapidly and before laud township, a member ot Co, D, di: 1 the end ot September the whole ten com¬ of epiplexy, and a private of Co. A, panies were in camp. while attempting to take French leave, A strict and pretty thorough system of was shot by a vigilant sentinel belong¬ instruction was established in camp, un¬ ing to the battery, but the wound was til by the time they were ready to marci not serious. there were few regimdnts which enter i While at Doylestown two female nurtet the service belter drilled and betYr joined the regiment, Mrs. Leedon and grounded in all the essential movements 'Miss Emiline Sibbiu ;, both of Bucking¬ and dulies that belong to the school of ham. One had a husband and the other the soldiers. a brother in tbe ranks. They accom- By October 25th the aggregate number j panied the regiment to Washington a: of men in camp was 1070, and ten days remained until it was ordered to th- 1 later had increased to 1135, the battery I field, rendering valuable service innurs- ! numbering 140 men. ing the sick. The regiment was given the name of The regiment was ordered to move the I the “Ringgold Regiment,” the number i 6’;h of November, 1361, and at 3.30 in the 1 not being given until some time after its morning the camp was awakened by the j organization. reveille, and in another hour the regi- ! The field and staff officers were as fol¬ ment was on the march to the station, j lows: W. W. H. Davis, of Doylestown, At Philadelphia they were received with j Colonel; John W. Nields, of West Chest¬ cordial greetings along the streets end er, Lieutenant Colonel; John M. Gri , dined at the Volunteer Relreshment Sa¬ ot Philadelphia, Major; Thompson D. loon, a.ier which they took the cars for Hart of Philadelphia, Adiutant; James j Washington. The next day they arrived D. Hepdrie, Dovlestown, Quartermaster; 'at the Nation’s Capital ana pot dinner at gaged. viie ‘'Soldiers’ Rest.” The Colonel im¬ mediately reported to. General Casey. Lai ir the regiment was direct'd to It was sometime after dark when the move ’ nvard Tort Magi uder, halt i a that regiment arrived at the camping vicinity and await orders. The next grounds on Kalorama Heights, just hack march was 1 i "Fort Kent Court House, a of Georgetown, and bivouacked on the distance of twelve mile On the 17th of ground wrapped in their blankets. The May the troons pitched their tents near night was so cold the water iroze in their Baltimore Crons Roads, and on the 19th • canteens. marched in the rain and heavy roads * ■ A week after they went into camp here Despatch Station. The next morning the Darrell’s Battery was detached and sent regiment received orders to ref onnoitre ! to the artillery camp and never rejoined the position of the enemy t iward the the regiment. Chickahcmin jj. Tne lClrh was sent for¬ On November Utli the 104th. with the ward d deployed as skirmishers along 52d Pa., 56th N, Y. and 11th Maine, were the st am, and in a few moments the organized into a Provisional Brigade, of crack of a rifle announced they were en¬ which Col. Davis was placed in command gaged with sharpshooters. A rebel shell as senior colonel, and a few days after raDged along so close to the beads of the was organized as a Permanent Brigade; inen that many of them would have been by General McClellan. killed if they had not been ordered to sit j The first pay received by the men was down. The situation was an embarras ;- J on December 4th, 1C11, and ?3COO were ing one for young troops, but they be- | sent to the Doyiestowu National Bank; haved well. by them to bs.paM to their families on . May ?lst the 104th was ordered to cross checks. the river and go on picket, and the en¬ It being evident the brigade would ! gineers were emploved in rebuilding the stay in Washington all winter, barracks burnt budge. On tne T^d they were or¬ were erected upon recommendation of dered for re' rnncissacce toward Seven Col. Davis, and called “Carver Bar¬ Piriei. together with the 52d and 85th Pa., racks,” a. .er Lieutenant Carver of the and 85th and 93th N. Y. If 1th, who superintended their erection. A lively skirmish took place at Savage’s When vacated in the spring the govern¬ Station, in which the loss was slight, ment fitted them up as a general hospital while that of the enemy was severe. and then called “Carver General Hos-' The morning report, on May 27th, pit-' 1. showed 31 officers and C .5 enlist id uiev FrOm the time the 104th reached Wash¬ for duty, a reduction of 151 men in le ■ ington it took the field, in the than seven wv aks, all by dLeass, except : untn about half a dozen. spring it lost by death and discharge, thir„y-seven men. The picket line was advanced to a On the lSth of February, upon a call for point five miles from Richmond, and on ten men from each company for service the 29th was moved 11 Nine Mile road. upon gun boat-, on the western waters, The night of May 30ck will long be re¬ that number was s >l«c‘ id lrotn a large membered by the men on at count of the | number who voluWired. These men storm that prevailed previous to their i firs egular engagement. never returned to the < immand. On March 1st, the 104th, Tidb ill’s Battery TJ men were lolling about in the and a (ommend of Rush’s Lancer’s were shade of the tree3, with no exoectation of detailed under command of Col. Davis, a battle on the morning of the 31st, but as escort at General Lander’s funeral. shortly after 12 o’clock an aide rode inf) The division left the camp at Washing¬ camp and ordered the regiment urde ton and took un the march to the seat of arms immediately. The battle of Fair war on the peninsula, March 29th, 1S62, Oaks commenced about one o’clock and with great enthus’aam among the troops continued two days. The 104th opened and reached Alexandria that night. The the battle and was the first to re live the next day they embarked on board the shock of the enemy. Casey’s division, steamer “Coosiitution” for Fortress to which the 101th was attached, susf fn- Monroe and encamped at Hamp’ >n, ed the brunt of the battle at the outset ^The armj’ commenced the march to and suffered a loss of 17CJ men one-third Yorktown and in the siege of that t iwn, of the entire casualitff of that bloody which soon opened, was encamped in an day. In this battle Col. Davis was I old tobacco field,1 made into a mud hole wounded in the led elbow and a soent •' by the recent rains, but subsequently re¬ i bail struck him on the led breast. Major moved to a beautiiul grove of small Grits, Captains Corcoran and Swartz,- g pines on a dry s4ndy ridge. lander, Lieutenant AshenfelterardQuar¬ Col. Davis was relieved of the com¬ termaster Hendrie were also wounded, — mand of the brigade by General Henry ! Major Giles mortally. M. Nagl , April 23d. Alter the enemy The fighting the nextda7 was slight, 1 had evacuated Yorktown on the night of and did not reach the pocit’on ocaupic i May 3d the 1C 1th, with two pieces of ar- by the lCliit. IVu’le encamped at Bot¬ t'Uery and a squadron c-f regular tom’s Bridge Lieutenant Colonel Neilds, cavalry was ordered to make a recon- who had been ab. ent on account of dis-i ’ noissance towards Grove’s Wharf, on ability from sunstroke, returned and as¬ the Jame :• River. No trace of the enemy sumed command, relieving Captain was found and on their return the Rogers. Col. Davis reioined his regi¬ regiment joinedfin the movement up the ment July 31st at Hariison’s Landing, 'Williamsburg road. Word being re¬ although not quite n rovered from the. ceived that Hooker was hotly engaged wound received at Fair Oaks. and in need of support, the brigade was The brigade sailed from Fortress Mon¬ ordered forward, but tvas subsequently roe with sealed orders on December 2S!h, ordered to return and support Hancock. and tacir cleTination proved to be Beau¬ The 104th, however, did not reach the fort, N. C. Alter a brief shy here, Col. position designed until too late i > be en¬ Davis wa ./placed in command and the coins transferred to Hilton Head. S. C., | I de signed to ac„, in coDjurntfon with the II ’ rc sairetdy there, against Charleston. whom Col. Davis was at the Beau, was As the naval forces weie not ready to authorized to appropriate §1(30 of the i .commence onerabons against *Pe city on §2000 accumulated by theTegiment by a their arriva,. they were placed in camp system of economy in the management . on Saint Helena Island, July 3d the of the baking, lor the erection of a mon¬ -104th and 52d, with ten days’ raiiors ument to the memory of those who had were moved to Folly Island, where the fallen. This monument was erected in lancitorces were concentrating:. On the Doylestowu and dedicated with appro- afternoon of the 9tvi Davis moved ud to pria’; ceremonies May 30, ISO. Major James Island and when all were landed General W. H. Emory delivering the' alter dark the command was formed and address. : I moved forward, the lCltli in advance, During the service of the regiment 43 r the object being to ;eize and hold the enlisted men were killed in action; 24 , bridge at the end of the causeway. The died of wounds received; 69 died of dis¬ li bridge was. posse ted without opposition, ease; 31 were discharged on account of *;[ nut a rebel party was aroused and fired wounds; 167 were discharged on account 0 volley upon the biidge, on which were of physical disability; 4 were discharged by civil process; 62 were taken prisoners; i General Terry, Col. Davis and Major 1 Rogers, which was replied to. The fire 3 were missed in action; 1 was discharged |l j f-ocn subsided without assault. Soon by order of Secretaiy of War; 1 was I the heavy guns ot Gilmore, in an attack drowned. Fifty-six enlisted men were on Morris Island. Was beard, and before baptized by Chaplain Gries. < night it -was announced that he had been | Among the commissioned officers 2 Kjd successful and was in possession ol the! were killed in action, 1 died ot wounds, southern part of the Island. Subsequent- | 11 were wounded, 2 were taken prisoners; ly the biigade was transfer;-; 1 to Morris | 5 were transferred; 18 resigned; 2 resigned Island and laid in the trenches lo t.s accept civil appointments; 36 received twenty-four hours. Preparations -were ' promotion. |. then made lor au assault on Fort Wag¬ ner, and remembering the fa") ottho_e DURELL’S BATTERY. in the previous assault the men wrote letters to their friends at home, leit val¬ uables with their comr ks with inetiac¬ A Sketch of the Campaigns and Battles of tions for their* dispo !, and nerved Battery “D,” Independent Pennsylvania ", themselves to meet the worst heroically. At the appointed hour they entered the Volunteer Artillery. works and made their way tath9lront; but as they passed alorg the rumor Durell’s Battery Association, which I spread that the tort had been evacuated. I will hold its seventeenth annual reunion | A volunteer was sent out to verily the ‘ j report and soon declared it true, j m Doylestown on Thursday, September j No sooner was Morris Island in posses¬ 17th, is composed of the survivors of the sion of the Union forces than the work j' artillery company recruited by Captain was commenced of pufting it in a com- i plete state of defeuse. Here was erected George W. Durell, of Reading, in connec¬ the famous “Swamn Angel.” tion with the 104th Regiment, and was | From January 17th to Apill 201b, 1161, mustered into service on September 24, ; j Col. Davis was in command ot all the 1C 31. Dureil had seen three months of : troops on Morris Island. service as orderly sergeant of the Ring- On Sunday, June 19th, 18fi, a private of gold Artillery, one of the first companies the 41st New York was shot for desertion, to - ive in the defence of Washington, in the presence of the whole garrison, muster roll upon leaving Camp the shooting party being detached from y consisted of 1S2 men —59 of whom the 104th. July 1st the regiment em¬ ■ a xrom Berks, 53 from Bucks, and the barked for North Edisto and trom there remainder from Philadelphia and adjoin¬ were ordered to march to Carieston but ing counties. the order was subsequently counter¬ The company departed for Washing¬ manded. On this march Surgeon Rob¬ ton with the 104th Regiment on Novem¬ inson got separated from the brigade and ber 6ch, and one week afterward was was captured by the enemy. separated from the regiment, taken to a The 6th of July while out reconnoitre ! camp of instruction for field artillery, lo¬ mg on John’s Island Col. Davis was cated on East Capitol Hill, provided with wounded by the fragrant ot a shed, losing horses and guns, and before Christmas the fingers of his right hand and lacer¬ was assigned to McDowell’s Division ating the limb, but a field glass which he and parked guns at Munson’s Hill, Vir¬ held was uninjured. ginia. it took part in the advance upon In November the brigade was ordered Manasses, returned with the army to to join the army of the Potomac and was Alexandria to await transportation to stationed between the Appomattox and ! the Peninsula, but was aiterward the James. In the assault upon the | marched with its division to Fredericks¬ works in front of Petersburg, April 3d I burg, where it was the first artillery to and 4th, 1865, the regiment participated, threaten that city lrom the opposite and upon the rout of the enemy followed bluffs. in pursuit as far as Chesterfield Station. A f9W v/eeks afterward the battery took From this point it returned o Peters¬ i part in the chase after Stonewall Jackson, burg, when it was order to Fortress Mon¬ who had encountered General Shields in roe, arrd, after a halt of four days, to the Shenandoah Valley, and returned to Norfolk. Before leaving Washington, Fredericksburg. Burnside’s Ninth Army in September, 1815, to return home and , Corps having arrived from North Caro¬ receive their discharge, by a vote of the lina short of artillery, tbebattery was as¬ e llisted men, to whom the fund belong- signed to the Second Brigade, Second ed, and by consent of the Secretary of Division of that corps, of which Hart- j War, a council of administration, of ranft’s 51sc Regiment of Montgomery \ guerillas, who were infesting the XJcunty comprised a part, a new comrades took part in Pope’3 ad¬ £ era border of the State, until early in vance to Slaughter Mountain and the June, wffen it was ordered, with its corps, subsequent retreat across the Rappahan- to take transports at Louisville to rein¬ ncck river. In this retreat it was de¬ force Grant at Vicksburg. tailed to take part in a reconnoissance The whole feorps was here set to work with Buford’s Cavalry at Kelly’s Ford, erecting entrenchments in rear oi tyrant's and single-handed silenced the enemy’s investing line, to meet Johnson’s threat to raise the siege. The battery was on artillery after a hotly contested fight. picket duty much of the time until the Returned to the division, the centre sec¬ surrender on the 4th of July, when it tion of the battery was detailed to again marched with Sherman upon Jackson, join the cavalry in another reconnoitre, i It took a prominent part in the seven and rejoined the battery after two days’ days’siege of that cP v, and returned with absence at Warrenioh. the Ninth Corps to Kentucky. Sickness Here Hooker’s Division was met, just aud other casualties of the Mississippi arrived from the Peninsula, but without campaign had so depleted the ranks of artillery, and Durell was again detailed the battery that it was unable to proceed for an emergency. The Confederates with its corps on the march over the had cut off the railroad communication Cumberland mountains to the relief of between our army and Washington. East Tennessee. • Hooker was sent after them and found Stationed at Covington Barracks, the them at Bristoe station engaged in burn¬ commend gradually recruited by the re¬ ing a bridge and tearing up the track. A turn oi the sick from the hospitals. It battle ensued in which the Confederates was held in readiness to cross to Cincin¬ were repulsed, the battery taking part, nati and quell an expected riot in the in which it lost several horses. Again famous Brough and Vallandigham elec¬ returned to the Ninth Corps, it was en¬ tion ; and was early in 1864 sent by special gaged in the battle of Bull Run August trainSandusky, and from thence by 29 and 30, in which one gun was dis¬ boat to Johnson’s Island to meet an ex¬ mounted by the enemy’s artillery, hut pected raid from Canada to liberate the with “fixed prolong” was taken along in Confederate prisoners. In February, the retreat. It was again taken into ac¬ ISCf, the battery veteran* zed, nearly half tion on September 1, at, Chantilly, in the of its number re-enlisting for three years desperate battle with Stonewall Jackson more. in his effort to cut the Union retreat to The veterans having returned from Washington. their furlough, reported at Annapolis, It was next engaged at South Moun¬ Maryland, where the Ninth Corps was tain, September 14, posted’ on an ad¬ reorganized. AVer joining the Army of vanced position on the summit of the the Potomac in Grant’s campaign against mountain, from which a battery had R’'chmond, the ^orps was engaged in the been driven by the enemy’s fire. Early battle of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, on the morning of the 17th, it was as¬ North Ann, Cold Harbor and a number signed a commanding eminence on the of minor engagements, as also the in¬ battle-field of Antietam, from which it vestment ot Ricomond and Petersburg. hurled missiles into the broken ranks During the nearly ten months’ siege of of the enemy, which was being repulsed Petersburg, the battery was continually by Hooker on the right, and in the after¬ on active duty, most of the time upon noon was the first artillery to cross An¬ the advance line in i.ont of the city. At tietam bridge after Hartranit’s 51st had the time of the “Crater” episode, the bat¬ stormed that stronghold. Then crossing tery’s guns manned Fort Morton, di¬ to the high ground near Sharpsburg, it rectly facing the “Crater,” and took a withstood, with two other batteries, the vigorous part in the terrible bombard¬ concentrated fire of ail the artillery which ment of the Confederate lines. It was Lee could bring to bear upon that posi¬ engaged in the battl ■■ for the possession tion, and held it until forced to retire of the Weldon railroad, Poplar Grove from lack of ammunition. Church and other engagements brought > In Burnsides’ advance upon Freder- on in the process of lengthening the [:/' • icksburg the battery became engaged in Union line round to the Confederate |'r an artillery duel at "White Sulphur right and rear. fcv Springs, brought on by an attempt of the On September 24,1S64, the term of those enemy to cross the Rappahannock and men who had not re-enlisted expired, ca ture the Union wagon train. In this when they, with Captain Durell, whose o 7test Durell suffered the loss of his health was imnaired, left for their homes. „sty lieutenant, i^oward Mcllvain. In The command then fell to Samuel H. e attack upon the Confederate strong¬ Rhoads, of Berks county; and Henry hold at Fredericksburg, the battery oc¬ Sailor, of Reading ; Adley B. Lawrence, cupied Falmouth bluffs and bombarded of Chester; Charles A. Cuffel, of Doyles- the city until a crossing was effected, town. and James L. Mast, of Reading, £after which it turned its fire upon the were commissioned lieutenants, In the earthworks£ of the enemy. This was con¬ final battle upon the lines in ^ront of tinued for fiye days, after which the Petersburg, when the Confederate fort T V- V ■ Union army had safely recrossed the Mahone was carried by storm, the can¬ P" # j river and returned to its camps. * it noneers of the battery followed the as¬ General Burnside having resigned the saulting column and turned the captured command of the Army of the Potomac, cannon upon the enemy. In the pursuit the Ninth Corps was withdrawn from of Lee, the battery was baited at Wil¬ and tho battery was son’s Station to guard the stores and sent to Fortress Monrce and afterward prisoners on the South S'de railroad. camp at Newport News. From A ,er the surrender the battery was thence it was transported to Baltimore marcned to Washington, where it took and taken by rail to Xentuokv, reaching part in the two days’ grand review, and Paris on the 1st) of April, 1863. Here it was mustered out of service at Philadel¬ was assigned the duty of suppressing phia June 14,1S65. ■Newtown—21 men t„’ ! Cant.Wynkoop U command of J From£ La^ghorne-9ortin?P6in P?st’ SG6’ G- A- R - ! Commander.20 Joseph MUnor,’ [ l l3. 20"merf ^clfarT^sm 45, °* QuaIiertown— I Gen Mnpmn68 S£aw’ Commander. N.J-l? mPnawn8t’ Crenchtown, Sander.- Wllham Stayler, Com: ! [ Date, I C'^fs^alePost, 256, Riegelsviile-

i■\rj ; a..|.flf * M.i-l_>-t->_^J The committee ot citizens who had in charge the arrangements tor the reception and entertainment of the Survivors’ As¬ sociation ot the 104th Regiment and Da- reli s Battery Association at Doylestown, on Thursday, are to be congratulated tor llissfes the successful manner in which they ac¬ complished every detail. The only M?awroad ^ouse, William Eisenharf draw back to the pleasures of the day i §5&sr~a» »rs8il: was the weather. During the morn¬ ing hours the weather was very in- clement and no doubt liept many away from the town who would otherwise nave been present to welcome the S’SSlSril? veterans. store, Metiar’s store, ifeichel’s bake™8 Doylestown had determined to give LenapeHall Case’s store, post officeM’ the old soldiers a royal welcome. Thirtv- nve years ago the priae and youth of the county had gone forth from Camp Dacev, Doylestown to fight for freedom, i Then they went forth over 1200 strong. On Xhursday but a remnant of that splendid [body of men marched up from the depot from whence they had departed so manv years ago. [ By S o’clock the G. A. Posts began to arri^ m the town, and the Zook Fife and Drum Corps of Norristown, arrived on the 9 23 train. They were marched to Public school building, Charie^F’ the headquarters at Manuerchor Hall Meyers, Dr. W. H. Kirk. ar es £ . from which place with the Citizens’ Com¬ mittee, Co. G, Harvey Camp, S. of V., AT THE MONUMENT. and General Bodine Posts they marched to the the depot to receive the veterans, who came on the 10 OS train. Ibe sidew.lt, to welcome ‘tfe miStf Some of the G. A. R. Posts carried the When the parade reached o . post colors and the National flag. Wyn- arch that spanned the street It the iXw6 koop Post, of Newtown, had with them a section of Court and Main streets the" nne nag which was greatly admired. ThHLWaS halt6d and opened ranks Ample arrangements had been made , 6 two associations, headed bv the at the several hotels

the right ol t£» federal government: to en seats in the front ot the room force Its owti authority and commanu IN THE COjJTT HOESE, obedience to its laws, laid aside the The court room had been beautifully pleasures of Lome and the allurement- and handsomely decorated for the occa¬ of civic advancement to lead you to tbe sion. Flags, bunting, flowers, potted field ot duty, jver putting him sell in the plants and Chinese lanterns had been trout and reacV to mare the used with good judgment in decorating the camp and ]the[he aangersdangers uiof the™ battle and presenting a pleasing effect. In field. Here he [its, one ot your decimated front of the clerks’ desks were large pic¬ company of drizzled and battle scared tures of Lincoln and Grant on easels. warriors, prom ot your record, with a There was a large crowd present to heart as alert jas then to the honor ana witness the proceedings and every seat integrity of Ls country: now, as then, in the iarge^room was occupied, while with a keen difceriiment, seeing the dan¬ many were compelled to stand.' ger to our liberties and greatnessi as _4m covert, insidious and The proceedings were opened with mu¬ free people, fr sic by the Ringgold Band, “Medley cf malicious_1 1 , t ^ attempts, no less dangerous War Songs.” The audience was com¬ than open wai to undermine and disin¬ pletely captivated by the splendid music, tegrate coDSti utional government and and the band is the best that has ap¬ now, as then occupying no equivocal peared in Doylestown for many years. attitude in the work of exposing:am- Seated on the Judges bench were Presi- overthrowing'its enemies. Here heha^ dentot the 104th Association, John Crock, stood like a ofacon light, to young ana old, ot devoticfito patriotic and by Col. Davis, Revs. Jefierys, Belville and duty his cool and dignified coumge, blinding "Westwood, Judge Yerkes,Charles G.Cad- j and shrivelling into the littleness ol wallader and 3?. F. Jarrett. order pv their true worth, the intemperate, jeal¬ rruA flvidienc6 was call6(i to orcter vy ous and domineering chameleons who, President C?oPk; Secretary McIntosh hissing and spitting their venon where SdtSathlsIgripdbntal^toeP^ thev dare not ■ strum sought to enslave conscience by the threat of their impo¬ g 88 fU- tent displeasure. delphia and the association couhd »ot| And, finallv, we meet youandjom m hold their business meeting until ant the pious otfering of prayers to tne A.- miafity for the immortal peace ot those 1KR(w. E. M, Jefferys, of Doyiostown, i who fell in the heat of the conflict, and in then lead m prayer, after entwining garlands about yon shaft of Yerkes was introduced to the audience marble which as the ages roll by vau by Mr, Crock and spoke as follows . stand as the monument _ ot their and ■1UD&E TEKKES1 ADDBESS. vcur patriotism and magnificent service Soldiers and Fellow Citizens: to your coumry, for your record is no Mv lellow citizens ot this town have common one. . XTT„_1rl confided to me the honor ot bid din;g you When the gaze ot the civilized wonu welcome here, and direct me, on their j was directed towards the initial conflict between the first organized armies of the behalt, to invite you to parta.^ °Uarty hospitality and to accept of the hearty great civil war, at the siege ot Richmond, greeting which they extend to yon, the your regiment gained the honor ot ap¬ broken remnant of that devoted band of proaching nearer to that tated city than their country’s,defenders who, more than any othef body ot Northern troops. It a^generation ago, went hence to give your was the rattle of yourimusketry on that Hrps for th© preservation of the liberue^ tearful last day ot May at Fair Oaks that signalised the opening ot that wonderful of the American people, as secured ^“°Vl lorm ol government and guaranteed, m series ot battles around Richmond v> Inch, though unsuccessfully terminating, sing¬ perpetuity, by the union of the States^ P We welcome you m the proud recoi led but McClellan as the greatest ol 1 Ji™ that a ml*t honoraW|P«ge ol»or organizers anc commanders ol armie- country’s history records that heie was and ca re tbe newborn Army ot Che assembled, organized and placed m th Potomac, tor all time, a Piac.e 1“. field the battery and batallions oi_ rnt, with the legions ot Caesar, the> of / lexander, the veterans ot Hannibal, 104th Pennsylvania regiment, whose the victors of Aneterlitz, the Grand Army bravery and devotion to their country in its retreat Horn Moscow and me old reflected upon their home town and coun- tl T share of the golden rays ot glory p-iiard ot Napoleon at Waterloo. whioh are destined to fighter and = Your honorable part at Williamsburg, at White B ousf, at Fair Oaks, at Bottom s brighter so long as constitutional liberty Bridge, at Gaines Mill, at seven Pines, at Savage's Statiqn, at White Oak Swamp lowing the vrand example ol Vi ashmgton and at Maivern Hill enrolled you w nh tne heroes of the Army of The Potomac ■md his coni patriots, when having rescued, by the sword! pur liberties, constitutional while you gairted additional lustre m the battles on Morris Island tor the posses¬ and union, from the destroying grasp ot sion of Charleston. . . traitors/ you sheathed the weapons ot ' But oi what avail your patriotic services, war and auieiljy returned to the pursuits tbe death of your comrades and thede* o- M peace, ImdTnder her protecting^, timi'and anguish of your dear ones it the became the exemplars of Renewed cause, lor v hicft you fought, and which And we welcome you with reneweu you bore alott through honorable, open local pride in the realization that wea war, shall now, or hereafter be sacrificed honored by having among us. as one o^ tln-oughindifleianceor by false confident-., our foremost citizens, your br0ne ana in the demogognes who in honeyed words distinguished commander, the true, assaU it! or lost in the miasmatic vapor- faithful aud patriotic American citizen, ings ot anarchism or destroyed in the who amongst the first to realize the im- rekindled fires M rebel hate ? port’oi the denial oj^ and the attack upon The period Ts rapidly * approaching when, you, who so actively participated Let us, in 1S96 as we honor fueller ~- jin the great events ot that day must De- ders of 1803 remember that in constitu- corne, at best, but spectators of passing tUi,0„Ual l8°yernm€ut stm lies cur safety, [events. But all ot ns who in the reeollec- i nwii«erty ot conscience and public and j of your hard experience realize the cost [j pmiite security are dearer than the j and sacrifices at which the cause of con-j' gratification of sorbid avarice throi gh stitutional government was maintained injustice, and, that honesty and integr iy I and know how vividly cruel war and its are preferable to suspicion and disgrace. horrid agencies burned into every heart Do not forget that they who,.by peace: :! j the lesson of the tearful struggle for the but unconstitutional methods would pull preservation ot its principles should not, down an independent court, strike at our in fancied security, neglect to impress government just as dangerously as those upon the present generation the duty of v.no tram cannnon upon the nation’s guarding it against all assailants through fortresses or resist the laws and, they whatever pretext they seek its destruc¬ who deny tne authority of a federal court tion. Those who must now uphold this to execute its process or of the govern¬ cause, it it is not to perish forever were ment to discharge its legitimate functions then unborn. in any of the States and who counsel re¬ Are those who by words and plati¬ sistance to either, whether in Charleston tudes honor our country’s defenders truly harbor, Philadelphia or Chicago are no i loyal to them aud the memory of the less enemies of American constitutional 1/ dead, by instructing the new generations government than those who in 1861 fired 1 j in the lull meaning oi the old battle cry upon the Star of the West when carry¬ 1 of the constitution and the union at ing succor to UAited States soldiers and I -! whose sound these veterans rushed to in opposition to the federal authority of- ’/ arms? lered armed resistance to the National / Are we careful to impress upon them ' Government. With the assurance that) the truth that when Sumpter was fired j this lesson is thoroughly impressed upon upon it was not the assault upon the flag 1 tne American people you veterans can and the fortress, buF"rather wBaDthey well say you did not shoulder vour arms \ represented that sent a thrill of amaze¬ in vam. ment and terror through every loyal aud Again, on behalf dray fellow towns¬ I patriotic hfeart in the land and, as if by men, I welcome you here and bid vou :u magic, aroused the patriotism of the be of good cheer. : whole country, and called forth the re¬ sponse of the million of farmers, artisans addresses in RESPONSE. . - and professional men of every class and rank (for then, no man dared to raise the Rev. J. R. TV estwood, of Philadelphia,! craven cry of “the masses against the responded to Judge Yerkes’ address of classes”) as they buckled on the armor weicome. Rev. Westwood said that in of war, shouldered their muskets, kissed the name of the survivors of the 104th their dear ones a long farewell and Regiment and Durell’s Battery he re¬ marched forth to the music ot “liberty, turned tnanks for the kindlv words of the Constitution and the Union” ? What welcome extended by Judge Yerkes. He did the fluttering flag and cold stones of also thanked the citizens for the kindly Fort Sumpter signify? Tney represented welcome extended to them in this their the cause of a free people, the Declara¬ seventh annual reunion. He was glad to tion ot Independence, the liberties as¬ see the school children and also the great serted by the sires of the revolution and crowds along th© streets that bid them the Constitution, the means of their pres¬ welcome. TVhen the first gun was fired ervation, the sacrifices in blood, and the m 1861 by tne new born Confederacy it handiwork of Washington, Jefferson, kindled in the hearts of all citizens of the Lee, Adams, Wayne and Montgomery Ivorth a spirit of patriotism. In the and Warren and Franklin and Hamilton months and years that followed the regii. v and all the fathers. ment from Doylestown smelled powder “any times. 265 of our comrades were Fes: that beautiful mosaic of govern¬ mental principles, nowhere else to be Killed and wounded and 65 were taken found upon the earth or in the pages of prisoners of war. But 300 now remain of recorded history-the Constitution of the the regiment. That war is over tor all ot U nited States—maintaining the balance which we thank God. The Union is pre-' served and the flag waves over the land of power between the three great co-or¬ dinate branches of government so even¬ of tne free. The noblest act of the last ly and yet so firmly that while that pop¬ century was the Emancipation procla¬ ular license, which, strangely, it sees.-s, mation by Lincoiu. Another war is to on occasions is inevitable, as a safety- ■■ be fought around the ballot box for the valve for the wildest political passions1 perpetuity of free institutious. Party ties are melting away and once more at and vagaries of men, as thev wilfdevelop m great aggregations of humanity and the cry of the nation we stand shoulder which so often defeated the best intern to shoulder to save the country. To the tioned efforts at popular government last hour of our lives will we be true to might run its spasmodic riot through the principles. No nation can continue popular branches, it could not destroy without morality and religion. When the structure so long as the independence we lay aside the religion of our Lord ■' of the third, the judiciary, was securelv Jesus Christ, then might a catastrophe maintained. come upon our country aud sweep us out °f existence. We, the remnants of What American citizen who recalls the tne lui.h, pledge you our strongest sup- ■ purity, ereat learning and distinguished port, lo the ballot box will we take our services of Marshall, Story. Taney, Grier, consciences. The speaker was greeted kelson, Chase and Miller in expounding vith hearty applause as he closed ids our constitution and in maintaining its splendid address. principles thinks of destroying that groat bulwark ot our liberties ? Rev. Jacob Belville, formerly of Karts- y j®, the next speaker. He said lie had come here to-day not as a speech ' "slowed by such generous, patriotic hands. "BtaFkt t&e kind invitation It inspired the "boys” with fresh zeal, -onel of the 104th Regiment. He s and a number of them who had been by him in I860 and it was his priv hesitating about re-enlistmg determined again and again to sneak words o '(Avuinziyca irom r'irsv jraue. couragement to him, and he had no to see the “fight to the finish,” encouraged peeted to live to see what ne had be bv the assurance tnat loyal, mvmg hearts to-day. Before him was the lady f were back of us to render aid and com- whose hands the flag was received w lort. WhetbGr we were worthy ot tne he had the honor to present to the 1 trust confided by the ladies, the record ment before it left for the front, that ot the battery will attest. came back and is still a cherished Cantain Samuel Rhoads, the second mento. Mr. Belville paid a high c' commander of the Battery, also spoke lor piiment to Judge Yerkes. He knew • his comrades. He appreciated the kind¬ when a boy and had watched his cai ly welcome extended. Doylestown was lie was here not only to judge tl a dear place to him, and they all felt tree who violated the law but to teach in the town. The speaker said he had children fidelity to principles and ky heard of the beautiful regimental flag He thanked the friends for the nrecP and he was astonished not to see it un¬ , Privilege oi looking into the faces ot furled here to-day. His reference to the people to-day. He had lived among flag was greeted with deafening applause near them ail his life and he blessed ( and he could not proceed lor several that it had been his privilege once m to look into their laces. Alter the speaker concluded the exer- i Gen. W. W. H. Davis spoke briefDCJ cises of the morning were brought to a reierrmg to the flag presented to the i close. iment. He stated that the lady allm AFTERNOON SESSION. to by Rev. Belville was the prime m When the peoDle reassembled in the er in the -whole proceedings. She coile court room after dinner it was late and ed all the money, about |200, and had no time was lost in getting down to busi¬ flag made in Philadelphia. ~ ness. The r and and the drum corps ha 1 The lady mentioned by the two spet been rendering excellent music upon the ers was Miss Mary Fox, formerly streets in the meantime, and the lormer Doylestown. was again present at the afternoon ses¬ sion of the convention. Several selec¬ Lieut. Charles A. Cufifel spoke in behi : of the Battery Association Mr. Cufl tions were played at intervals during tne | said: afternoon and the music was much en¬ joyed by the large audience. The popu¬ j On behaif °f Durell’s Battery Assoch larity of the band was conspicuous, as a tion, I thank vou for the cordial recei i large portion of the audience followed it tion which yob have given us. Our meet' when it left the hall just betore the storm mg in this place of our first experienci commenced. . as soldiers and your hearty welcome re- President Crock opened tne afternoon minds us o' the days of ’61, and of the exercises by calling upon Secretary Mc¬ good men ana true of that time. Amon^ Intosh to read tne minutes of the last them wore prominent Union-loving men reunion, held at Reading, but thatgentle- wnose memory should be loiever cher¬ man thought it would facilitate busi¬ ished. Tv e revere the name ot the Hon. ness to dispense with them. Henry Chapman, whose portrait fittingly tt was moved that a committee on j adorns the wall of this splendid temple thanks, consisting of one member from / of justice: of Gen. John Davis, father oi each company and a chairman from the the honored commander of the 104th staff of officers, be appointed by the Pres¬ Regunent; ol Enos Prizer, the able edi- ident. This was done. The names ot the tor; oi Captain Mahlon Yardiev, Henry '-committeemen appear with their work. j Darlington, George Lear, Rich¬ A committee to audit the accounts of ard M atson, John J. Brock, and the treasurer for the past year, consisting others, now gathered to their fathers,! ot Comrades Wyatt, Jarrett and Widdi- v hose voices were raised in earn- fieid, was appointed and instructed to , e-d appeal for the preservation of tliei' retire tor the performance of its duties. I Union, and prevailed upon some ofKt' Tbe election ol officers being in order, j enlist for the war. a number ot members wore nominated j We recall the interest taken by the cit for President, but all withdrew iu tavor ' izens in our welfare while in the recruit¬ of Comrade A. M. Rapp, who was elected I ing camp hard-by this town, bringing by acclamation, as were also Albert L. comforts and luxuries which were miss¬ Eastbura, for Vice President; Edward S. ing in our new calling, and sympathy McIntosh, for Recording Secretary; Har¬ for us in what they deemed the hard¬ ry A. Widdifield, for Corresponding ships and privations of camp life. Secretary, and Samuel Wright,for Treas¬ We remember the large gathering!/ urer. of the people at the railroad All the newly-elected officers are from station to bid us God-sneed on thd Philadelphia. morning of our departure tor the seat ofn It was stated that Durrell’s Battery war; and we have a fond recollection of Association had passed a resolution to the appreciation ot the services of the meet at Bristol next year, and as the Battery entertained by the ladies of Doy¬ place was favorable to the 104th Associa¬ lestown, while we were confronting the tion a resolution to unite with the battery enemy in Kentucky. Our battle-flag had there was adopted. been tattered and torn by exposure in The secretary read the names ot com¬ the service, when the ladies, upon hear¬ rades who had died during the year. ing of it, generously sent us a beautiful The following report of the committee new silk guidon. We hailed the flag; on thanks was adopted : we cheered the fair donors, and gave our VOTE OF THANKS. pledge then and there that no act of ours X)OYLh'STOWN. -Pa.. fifiDjn.ljj\ , should dishonor the sacred emblem be- nn'1 Members of the ‘with Pa. Voli Associationfssoctatiort a'ld Durell’s Mattery equals oi the veterans but as their Cbmrode*.. Ycur committee appoiDted to drait superiors, . tion thi^LtXPreS8’rea0f our tt,a"k9 for the recep ,lVu be,Sdlt!ier should be remembered for 3 da? accorded ns, respectfully report the lollow.ng and more its adoption hj a rldng vote ■ heis aMblan °r Wbat be did, for what EUccCTsfullv?^!?‘,t,te^0af °,ur loca) comrades who so needs preseDt tlme and for what he »SWlft.,l!^,SS?ti5l?.movwneo'thathas re- He believed that a Grand Arm-w Vlpi^^I'l®^0fp8l'’ta^oh9^oh'C0mmUt

rwmnta«d adopted as Presented! ’ ' a,rt' th7ehec Um!T)n0?dfred a s^estionto Jerry Worthington^ iu^' VV]'ddifield, cne enect that the ladies of the Survivor’* Charles Beal iir n.,' .^dcses Bothers, Association form a ladies’ auxiliarv tn ley -Rapp f:!111® GaulG A. Mart-’ wa/th^fDS’ °r^-n^ations and her fdea Worthington &tover* William B.

committee of threeVapooimed f^oS^hl Brightf“chalklfy^Bright j6^'y,^dward ?^?nleAar° t0 aCt S Se Comrade William Barnhill, General Hibbs,’AlbmYanhomChrner’ H- H. « -mHtJt' and Secretary Edward [ R. Elliot, Ramtfv r ’w9 fper Lee> W. ' S. McIntosh were named by the nrosi ! bine, W. R. Roberts. C‘ H etter’ Harvey I dent as the Survivors’ committee and ^Ls-,^own, Mrs. Wallazz and Mro ! i Wright,2>E R~Art°mSe S' Breiscb. S. C I the !adler6re CaJl6d Upon t0 fepre^eni

th<,“ 8SSS?“*"■wm>m I Cole, a. bJ Wannf n'TH Cuntyre' H-H. I T4« *)^T-t0ra short address d lam Woodside f!?VVurdr-,Severns. Wrill- ' p . aa-d his connection with the 104-iVi AnSrlburn’ J°lm Crock Mo?rn’ Alfred I (’ur ,h°ny Burton, BenGmffi a^k Seese- Captain A, Marple, Ueuf j .Albu,',tson S SSfiJry1 corps.0 sf ho ^ 'Tt hey would, be^treated not onlv as the r, Rev. B. D. Albright, of Bethlehem, W. M&rshon, William H. Gwiuner, dressed the meeting, all of whom warm¬ ly praised the citizens of Doylestown tor r Co m finny*?/—William Raab, Captain the cordial manner in which they were G. W.^Connor, Charles Spangler, Joel received and entertained, after which the seventeenth annual meeting was ad¬ S6C&nj, /-A." H. Palmer, Samuel journed. GS£(Se. Cadwallader, Tun- An Historic Old Building. A few days ago Judge Edward M. Pax- Daniel Thomas, Thomas Chambers, son, Edward E. Paxson and Col. Henry Silas Aj Good. D. Paxson, of Philadelphia, dined with Albert S. Paxson, Esq., at the old Lin- BUSINESS MEETING OF THE BATTE&5T Afe- denwold mansion near Holicong. The OCIATION. occasion called to mind much of the Durell’s Battery Association heldit^ history connected with the premises since its first occupancy by the Elys. In 1720 business meeting in the granndy>?*yJ°°nt at 2 o’clock in the afternoon. P eutenant Hugh, son of Joshua, of Trenton, pur¬ chased of James Lenox SCO acres and four years later 100 more adjoining, now owned by Charles Smith. The first pur¬ r»pb»ded. chase was afterwards divided into sever¬ al farms, two of them are now owoed oy Anna C. Atkinson and Anna J. Williams. Originally the 400 acres was covered with lers, Oliver C. Leidy, Char:lf,c^os*er primeval forest of oak, hickory and Corkle, Martin H. Smith, Jacob S. ^ Edward' Hencke, John Rice, Henry Par- chestnut, which in the long lapse ol years ton, Charles A. Cutfei, Oliver C.Giffins, has mostly snccombed to the woodman s Pnrn Fohert Conard, John Ringier, SLPes S? Rich, Corp. I- Carey Carver, The old mansion hears little resem¬ Corp. Mahlon Buckman, W. W. IR Clos blance to its former appearance, the oia fire place that did good service in the son; George Douglass, James Bis|ey line of six consecutive generations, with Patrick Scanlon, Charles H the old cramel and crane is still pre¬ Joseph H. served. The line of title ran from Hugh the first to his son Hugh, thence to Will- Nn7h- vpnorts of the board of managers i un and from him to Aaron, the father of the late Lavina Paxson, wife of Albert and of the Secretary ™®rreJof^ereVro- S. Paxson, Esq., the present occupant, whose sons represent the six generation posed'as toe^lacesf of next year’s meet- and after some discussion, Bristol that have occupied the premises sinc6 1720. The Bye property is perhaps the only one in the vicinity that has been »£date of“a£SS.iy time tor meeting lett«s°S; to the,to dpnew«w held continuously thus long, and it has recently bad the line of ancestory broken boT“2 sr- ««• and passed into other hands. Seyenty- five acres of the original Ely tract are now held by the Paxson family.

sfe#!i£?SSSfsS

“MJSrh.. the thanks of Dnr.m

and Alfred Paschall, Secretary of the

, every'mmnber «S»e.for Die AN OLD LANDMARK WILL GO. an^bb rntizons ot Doylestown who cneeixuiiy _ fr A Ruined Mill Two Hundred Tears Old to be Removed. It is rumored that the grounds on which thTheCpropofition of marking ^e differ¬ stand the old Swedish mill, at Holmesburg, ent positions of the battery upon the An- ha ve been sold for factory purposes, and tietam battle field, which hadbeenfinder that tbe ruins will soon ba removed. It ltfi claimed that the mill was tbe flr®fceY®r built in tbls section of the country and arrived at. A motion to meet on that the second oldest In America. Its tnasslv battle field two years hence, ^ lost. foundations were laid in 1697, at whieu Corporal I. Carey Carver, ot West Ches time there was no other mill west of Nev ’ ter, James S- Rich, of Buckingham, and] England. Here came the settlers of Penn wm- rsyivanla, New Jersey,. Delaware Maryland to have their gralo transformed [Many London streets derived their name Into meal. from the sign before the tavern, not in¬ Journeys to this old mill were hazard¬ frequently the first house built. A study ous journeys In those days. There were of these signs develops some curious no railway trains then. A stage line was 'learning, suggestive of the mode of even unthought of, and the trip must of though' 'nd humor of their period. necessity be made In the primitive boats The crown, typical of royalty, was one of the day or by horseback. The water of tne oldest English signs. 'There was a route was chleflv used by the New Jersey, “Crown” in Cheapslde, London, as early Delaware and Maryland settlers. They as 1467. It was associated with many were able to bring their grain-laden scows other names, as ‘‘Crown and Mitre,” up the Pennypack and thence by an arti¬ “ Crown and Anohor,” etc. An old couplet ficial waterway to the side of the old mill. runs thus: It was a long, tedious and dangerous \ “ The Gentry to the King’s head, journey, one from which the hardiest lat¬ The nobles to the Crown.” ter-day farmer would shrink, but it had to be made If bread was to be provided for The anchor was probably used as an the children. emblem without reference to Its use in Even more dangerous was It for the shipping; and was frequently found In Welsh settlers of interior Pennsylvania. the catacombs, typical of the words of St. To reach the old mill they were compelled Paul, the “Anchor of the Soul.” The to blaze a road through the trackless Dross Keys are the arms of the Papal See, forest, through which the fierce red man the emblem of Peter and his successors; and his equally fierce renegade white but I have no time to linger, and must brother roamed at will. hasten to the subject of my paper—“Half This road Is yet known as the old Welsh an Hour with Our Old Taverns.” road, and around It cluster stories of des¬ The first tavern In Doylestown was perate and sanguinary conflicts,, which opened by William Doyle, in 1745, and would put to shame the most fulsome jicense granted at the March term. The efforts of the compiler of yellow-backed petitioner stated he lived “between two literature. The trip must be made upon great roads, one leading from Durham to horseback and In large and well-armed IPhiladelphia, the other from Weils’ ferry parties, but in spite of these precautions toward the Potomaek.” As Doyle lived many a party never reached the old mill in New Britain this would bring his resi¬ that, laden with grain, started from the dence in one o( i he angles formed by tbe Interior settlements. crossing of the present Main and State Time worked many changes. New ma¬ streets, and north of court. The license chinery was Introduced and the mill’s was renewed for thirty years, and Doyle architecture was altered, but Its wheel was kept the house u . til about 1775, when he still turned by the water of the stream, sold out and removed to Plumstead, where and It continued to do business at the old he died. stand until 1880, when a fire accomplished Just where this pioneer tavern stood what time and the weather had railed to— •would be interesting to know. It Is only laid the old pile in ruins and forever put reasonable to suppose Doyle's tavern was an end to Its usefulness. To-day It is hut near the cross roads so It could command a picturesque and historic ruin, but even the travel of both. He may have first set as such It Is beloved for its traditions and up the bar in his own dwelling, and after¬ departed glory by the residents of Holmes- ward rented, or purchased, a convenient hurg. While they lament that its ruins house. In this case It Is likely the loca¬ are to be desecrated they must still rejoice tion was south of Court street, and as near that another industry is to be added to one of the four corners as he could get. It their community. \ must be remembered that Doylestown, at that time, contained hardly halt a dozen log houses and the present name was not applied until more than thirty years after¬ ward. In 1762 William Doyle bought nine¬ teen acres, of Isabella Crawford, on what 1111 IN HOUR WITH is now the northeast corner of State and Main streets which he sold in October, 1774r-76 to Daniel Hough, innkeeper, of Warwick. This purchase included Ran¬ dall’s corner, and part, if not all, of the block bounded by Main, State, Pine and Court streets. Two or three locations are claimed as (Bead Before the Bucks County the site of Doyle’s tavern, but there Is lit¬ tle or no evidence to sustain them. Each Historical Society, !one may draw nis or her own conclusions from the facts. There is one fact, how¬ ever, that militates against the claim that I AT THE MID-WINTER MEETING, it stood on the site of Mrs. Scheetz’s dwelling,:West Court street. When Doyle applied lor license at the June term, 1774, In the Court House, Doylestown, he was set down In the records as “ Wil¬ January 19, 1897, by W. W. H. liam Doyle of Warwick.” The line of the Davis. present Court street was then the boundary between New Britain and Warwick, and There is a deal of history In old taverns, I the site of the Seheetz dwelling was In and when but few people could read, or New Britain. It Is more than likely that Doyle had kept at the same location all the write, their sign boards played no mean years he had been a landlord. art In the literature of city and town. In conclusion we repeat what we said at the beginning: It would be highly T Interesting to know the exact location ot ary, Asher Miner’s paper again speaks of “Doyle’s Tavern,” the name our future our hostelry, as “ that noted tavern stand, county capital bore for thirty years. It ‘Sign of the Ship,’1c the tenure of Mat¬ might open the way for the development thew Hare, situate in Doylestown, front¬ of data now entirely unknown, and let us ing the Easton and New Hope roads.” Into the secret where the young Doyles, The western, or barroom end, had previ¬ Dungans, McLeans, Wests, Manas, John- ously been built. On April 1, 1817, Jacob sons, Flacks, Griers, and Snodgrasses, Kohl advertised b.s occupancy of the scions of the leading families hereabouts, “Ship Inn,” formerly occupied by John spent their evenings and tripped the light Worman, and latterly by Lott Carr acid fantastic toe with tbelr rustic sweethearts. Colonel Flack, opposite the stands of John We have no^modern Oedipus to unravel the Brook and Captain Magill. The former mystery that envelops our subject. was a storekeeper, and the latter kept the There Is not the same mystery sur¬ Mansion House on the opposite corner. rounding the second of cur group, known Flack offered the property for sale in 1816, to our fathers as the “ Ship Tavern,” for It but it did not sell. Kohl was agent for a stood at the southeast corner of State and line of stages that ran to Philadelphia. Main streets, the site of Building. In 1829 It was called the “ Bucks County It antidated all other taverns of our bor¬ Inn;” In 1839, the “Bucks County Hotel” ough except Doyle’s. When torn down in and kept by Richard Leedom. One of the 1874, to erect Lenape, the tongue of tra¬ more recent landlords was Benjamin Mor¬ dition said it had rounded out a full cen¬ ris, born In Doylestown township, and tury as a licensed house, and I believed it. elected Sheriff in 1831. He was a member There was evidence of great age about the of the Morris family, of Hllltown, which, building. The eastern end, containing the at one time, was prominent Iu the county. long low parlor, was the original building. He was Sheriff of the county when the The polntlngfon the end! wall next to Main Mlna-Ohapman murder took place, and he street was in good condition, and, when hanged the murderous Spaniard. He the western end was built, probably when spent several of the letter years of his life license was granted, the old wall was plas¬ at the Ship and dipd their. His step¬ tered over. No doubt the original build¬ daughter, Miss LaRup, a tall, graceful, ing was built for a dwelling. Samuel and pretty girl, became the first wile cf the Joseph Flack, one of them the ancestor of late Dr. George X. Harvey, and was the James Flack, of our borough, owned this mother of Judge Edward Harvey, of Al¬ corner in 1774, and, from that time down to lentown. The widow of Benjamin Morris 1791 wUen they sold it. The writer was died in recent years over ninety. told many years ago, by Mrs. Nathan Cor¬ After Benjamin Morris, the “Ship” had nell, long a resident of Doylestown, that several commanders, the next owner prob¬ Samuel Flack kept tavern here In 1778; ! ably being Pierson Hyde. He did not and, as he and his brother Joseph owned ! keep the house, but, rented It to A. R. the corner where the “Ship” stood, it Is Kram. This brings us down to 1851, when more than probable he launched that Alfred H. Barber, of Point Pleasant, barque “ upon the vasty deep.” bought the property! and moved In April An event, worth the telling, connects 1, ’52, Kram going to the Citizens’ House, this old house with Revolutionary times. Mr. Barber kept the house until the Fall On May 1,1778, the day of the battle of of 1859, when he sold It to Aaron Barndt, Crooked Billet, a young child of Samuel and moved out In the,1 Spring of 1860, ana Flack was burled from this house, at Ne* the new landlord moved In. Barndt did shaminy graveyard. Fear of the British not long enjoy his new honors, for he died wasjsuch that but four persons were willing In 1862 or ’63, and the Ship Tavern passed to accompany the corps, two young men Into the possession ot Ms family, and, for and two young women, all mounted, one the next ten years, it was in the haDds of of the men carrying the coffin on bis tenants. The first of these was Abner horse and both armed. On reaching Cleaver, who came from the Clear Spring the graveyard the men dismounted and remained a couple of years, when he and buried the corps, and, when that was removed to the historic Brick Tavern, done, they all galloped home as rapidly as Newtown, where he still Is. He was suc¬ possible. They heard the firing of the ceeded by John Bush, the last of a long Crooked Billet. One of these plucky glris line of landlords, the Doylestown Im¬ was Mary Doyle, afterwards a Mrs. provement Companyibuylng the property Mitchell, and mother of Mrs. Nathan Cor¬ for the erection of Lenape Building, and, nell already mentioned. This is the first Into their hands, Bush gave up the Ship in we hear of the “Ship Tavern,” and it was the Spring of 1874. Peace to its ashes! through its front door the little coffin of The borough elections were held for many the dead child was carried that sweet May years at the Ship, while the vote was cast mornlEg one hundred and eighteen years at one poll, and If the scenes attending ago. these expressions of the popular will could We next hear of the “Ship” In Decem¬ be recalled, they wquld make an exceed¬ ber, 1805, when George Stewart announces ingly interesting chapter in our village in Asher Miner’s paper that he had “again life. An oil painting of the old inn Is commenced business at the old stand In extant. the village of Doylestown, a few rods The Fountain Houij Is the third tavern south west of the two taverns.” The “two in this groun, and It record reaches back taverns” were the Ship and the ancestor almost a hundred years, under various of the Fountain House, on corners diagon¬ names. ally opposite. The Mansion House was The ground It, and Ice belongings stand not licensed until five years later, and upon, Is part of a tract William Penn con¬ was not then built. On the 10th of Janu- veyed to Jeremiah Langhorne, October 10, 1707. Thirty-nine years afterward It came Into possession of Richard Swanwlck, aD officer of customs it Philadelphia; w taking sides with the Crown when t Revolution broke out, his real estate v confiscated and Bold at public auction, say August 24, 1779. He owned the land the through, when we shall have more to of him. Brock kept the house for a couple Fountain House and bank stand upon, and of years and sold it In 1835 to James it was bought by Samuel and Joseph Flack, the same who owned the Ship tav¬ Meredith for $4 250. Meredith probably never occupied the house but made some ern, and to whom the State executed a improvements. Isaac W, James was the deed June 8, 1780. Meanwhile Samuel landlord in 1836, and it was called the Flack had bought his brother Joseph’s Interest, and conveyed the whole to John “ Doylestown Hotel,” the revival of an old Shaw, innkeeper, of Plumstead. It is name. There was now a double plaza, and thought Shaw built a house, obtained two thirds of the bulldiDgwas three stories license and kept tavern there; but, be that high. James was followed by William as It may, Shaw sold the property to Enoch Field, who kept the house in 1837-S8, and, Harvey, March 29,1794; Harvey to Charles in the Winter, or early SprlDg of the latter year, Meredith sold the property to Stewart, his father-ln-iaw, in 1798; Stew¬ art to Hr. Hugh Meredith, In 1802, and Elnathan Pettltt for $5,000. He came up Meredith conveyed it back to Harvey, In from the Anchor, the second landlord that hostelry gave to our borough. 1803. Harvey now owned the property to his death In 1822, Mr. Pettltt was an old and experienced landlord and he increased the popularity Our Quarter Sessions records show that I license was Issued to Charles Stewart in of the house. The Quarter Sessions rec¬ • 1800, 1801 and 1802, and to Enoch Harvey ords show that he kept a licensed house In In 1802 3 4 5-6-7 8, and several years after¬ Warwick in 1800,1801, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, but we ward. Harvey rooted the house to David have no means of telling where. Prior to s, ?lZaU?D oi ®oyl08towu'townsnip, D. Marple, in 1815, who subsequently went he may have kept a houee anvwhere in to Philadelphia and died there in 1829, At this period the house was known as the beenin Warw!e°kth °f C°Ur£ Street aud ‘‘Doylestown Hotel,” and then the “Fox Mr, Pettit took possession of what we Chase Hotel,” retaining the latter name F°U,DHalD Houseln the Spring of until sometime in the 30’s. A live whale, 1838 and ruled over the desMni«s of the caught in the Delaware near Trenton, wan exhibited at the house in the Fall of 1815 I rll rU eleven years- Tbe BuCks County I Intelligencer give him a send-off by reeom- the admittance to adults being 25c, and mending him and his sons “ as true and children 12 12. Mr. Harvey advertised the property for sale In July, 1815, and the Mr°dp^mgh as.there areln the county.” Mr. Dettlt had two sons and two daugh- description given of it then Is of Interest after a lapse of 80 years. He says: &Jgreeable youDg PeoPlP. who at- “ The house Is large and commodioua 76 J corn[)any’ aDd helped to make the “ » 60Csal ceotre' Elnathan, or feet in length and 30 wide, containing six J-ei y, as he was known to everybody convenient rooms on the lower floor be¬ £®“aIn5d at home and assisted hls'fatber sides an entry, and teD rooms on the sec¬ to run the house, while John B. read medi- ond floor, one being sufficiently capacious Slnt’ graduated> and settled at Taylors¬ to accommodate parties of business or ville, where he married. His death was a pleasure. In front of the house la a porch sad one On the night of May 26, 1845 and, contiguous to It, is a a well of superior Ma1!, I'eturn,Dg' from visiting a patient’ and lasting water with a good pump his horse ran away, threw him out, and therein.” The house was then but two becoming entangled In the harness was stories with the usual attic. I remember the “ capacious” room spoken of on the Sickefupd^r1 hUndr6d yardS’ aDd second floor, and attended a military ball One of Mr. Pettit’s daughters married there nearly fifty years ago, when the nod- dlDg plumes and glittering epaulets of the H. Snyder, the founder of the County Express, the flrst German county militia officers helped make a newspaper published in the county He brilliant scene. It was called the ‘ ball j room” and formed by throwing three rfa8t hI0Toln?nt;; wa9 Proprietor and editor ^oyiostown Democrat-, was Post¬ rooms, separated by movable partitions, master, and cut quite a figure in oolitlcal into oDe. At the time It was the only room In the borough, except the court varieri*iirtahy clroles- He rounde'd out a varied life by serving in the raDks during room, suitable for such purpose. Mr. Harvey made a second atttempt to in thlaQrn°f 1861-65 ■and two of his sons were sell too property in 1830, with no better rinli.nfT eroP'oy as telegraph operators. ?.etMS,s ownership Stephen i success than before. He spoke of it as Brock rented the inn one year, and that i “ the Sign of the Fox Chase,” 26 miles from Philadelphia, 30 from EastOD, 11 from naffii116 Wh6 house received a fresh coat of paint. When Pettltt sold out, In 1849 the New Hope; It fronts on the Philadelphia and Easton Port Road, and the State Road jJPtel pa?8ed into the hands of Charles H to the State line, and is known as the most Shc.rfff'ah0fflai: r*£entIy retired from the fi'st nl an*”' Pe t®ok Possession the eligible situation in the village for a public flrst of Aprff moving down from the Citi¬ house. Among the outbuildings were two zens house. This is almost fifty years 6tone hay houses, carriages house, shed ?£?’ nnf yet’ °,n l00klne back< it seemf and stabling for 60 horses, also a large that one can almost touch tnat period stone blacksmith, and good wheelwright shop, with one s hand. Subsequent to Mann’s occupancy forty years ago, there have After the death of Harvey In 1832, the been five proprietors and landlords for executor sold the tavern property to f'di® Popular public house; N. P Brower Daniel Wlerman for $1,976, and the follow¬ lf?9’ Tohn^T q?l'8°n 1867’ EdWard Yost ing year the latter sold It to Stephen J A’. Slmp80n 1883, and Daniel Brook, who took possession April 1, 1833 i McLaughlin since 1892. In this time the coming up from the Turk, whither he had house has been much Improved and is removed from Doylestown the Spring be- fore. Brock was the most famous land- infnthe^oonnf the county.1 Mr. CorsonBnd valuachangedWe hotel the lord of the town, if not of the county. He i oam© to the ‘‘Fountain House,” from the will encounter us again before we are | Tnlfn P°UataiE ln over ttle old well. ' ohn Purdy was the landlord while Mr. 58

Simpson owned tie House, iodei Twice marrlecli Lls firstfwlfe being Martha one he was. Mr. McLaughlin-, the present Dungan to whom he was united, October owner and keeper of this popular establish¬ 27,1824, by George H, Pawling, Esq. He ment Is able to speak for himself. was a popular man and innkeeper, and Not the least Interesting feature in the figured extensively in after years in that history of the Fountain House Is its in¬ calling. His daughter Elizabeth, a child crease In value. In less than haif a cen¬ or the second marriage, a sprightly, pretty tury It has appreciated nearly two thou¬ girl, and the toast of the young men of sand per cent. Giving the figures we have Doylestown, added to the popularity of at hand, aDd starting at 1832, when It was her father’s house. She married Rex sold for $1,976, we find an Increase in value Peters, son of the great stage proprietor, at every change of hands until It passed and partner of Reeside. who was called tile to its present owner at $33,000. We doubt % Admiral,” and they settled down if equal advance in the price of a country a farm in Cbeeler county. tavern property can be cited anywhere Samuel E. Buck was the successor of else in Pennsylvania. William Field at the Mansion House, keep¬ The Mansion House, that stood on the ing it a couple of years; Hien removing to / southwest corner of State and Main the Buck Tavern, formerly Mrs Marple e, streets, the site of Weinrebe’s bakery and 130 North Second street, Pidln^elphla, oonfectic nory, is th© fourth historic which he opened December 19, 1838. H« tavern. In 1775, this corner, and a con¬ probably kent that a year, when he took siderable tract in the angle formed by the Mount Vernon House, South Second Maine and State streets, was owned by street, where he died December 7, 1840. William Scott. When the Continental He was a member of the Buck family of army encamped at Doyles town, in June, Ncckamixon, and a handsome, dashlng- 1778, on its march from Valley Forge to looklcg man. He and one of the pretty strike the British army in its flight to daughters of Jostah Y. Shaw New York, one brigade occupied the south love with each other, they gave the father side of State street west of Main. A small the slip; hied away to the city and were frame or log house stood on the corner. married by Mayor Swift, December 29, While it la not important, for our pur¬ 1833. Buck came to Doylestown pose, to know when the Magill’s came to and began store-keeping with Daniel Doylestown, or got possession of this Wierman as business partner, the latter cornor, we will say, in passing, they were dying in January, 1834. Mr. Buck s widow early settlers and the male line Is still married John Titus, a native of this with us In the person of Charles H. Ma- county and member of the Philadelphia gill grandson of William, first landlord of Bar who afterward achieved considerable the’Mansion House. He was born in 1777 distinction in the profession, at one time and erected the building, a two and half filling the chair of Chief Justice of the Su¬ story stone fronting State street, In the preme Court of Arizona. Mrs. litus was a first decade of the century. It was doubt¬ lovely woman, whose estimable qualities less built for a public house, and its erec¬ increased with ripening years. tion probably hastened by the movement When Buck left the Mansion House, in to have the seat of Justice removed to 1838, a man named Zepp, from Philadel¬ Doylestown. He took out his first license phia, took charge, of whom little is known in 1810. This was renewed from year to end less said by this generation. When year, and he continued to keep the house Z-ipp went out Charlie Tucker moved m. until nis death, in 1824, at the age of 47, He was a facetious fellow, and a tailor, Mr. Maglll was a man of note and influ¬ who followed his trade while he Played ence In the'.eommunlty, and public spirited, the role of landlord, He probably kept the judging from his conduct When the house three years as we know license British Army threatened Philadelphia, la was issued to him in January, 1842, tor the 1814, he recruited a company of Volunteers coming year. Tucker had several suc¬ and’served through the campaign on the cessors while the house continued In li¬ lower Delaware. On one occasion his cense, Thomas Bands being one of the townsmen selected him to deliver the 4„h li st. The house went out o'l' license in tne of July oratloD, and he acquitted himself Summer of 1853, while David Wilson, of with great credit, the celebration taking Nockamlxon, was landlord, who was sold place in the Academy. No doubt the out bv the Sheriff. It was Democratic name it bore for 50 years was given the headquarters for several years, and there house at the time it was built. It had a t he returns were brought the night or tne porch on both fronts, and, when Peter election. As it did not take so long to Odd returned home from the Mexican count off then, as at present, the returns War, in 1848, Dr. Charles H. Mathews wel¬ were frequently In by midnight, when the comed him In a patriotic speech from this political couriers would set out to carry the news to different sections of the coun¬ P Oa^the death of William Maglll he was ty. This was continued until there was succeeded by his widow, a practice more proper telegraph and rail facilities. To common then than now, and she presided get the returns required much riding and over the destiny of the Mansion House for driving. There was so much uncertainty ten years. As we find WUiiam Field in as to Bridges first election, 1852, that Dr. possession In 1834, he probably followed Harvey and myself drove up to Allentown, Mrs. Maglll in her life time. He was a son s round trip of 60 miles, so get the figures, of Benjamin Field, of Doylestown, and driving John Weikel’s famous match elected Sheriff of the county the same Fall. This shortened hie reign over this grite first telegraph instrument in the tavern. There were four candidates. county was set up and operated In the Field and Henry Carver representing the Mansion House parlor In the Winter oi two great parties, with Christopher Bloom 1845. I was living here and remember It and George Harple as free lances. Field well Dr. Alfred Goeii a Russian, and pet was elected by a majority of 120, while >.he of Amos Kendall, Postmaster General, two Independent candidates polled, re¬ and James L. Snaw, son of Joslah A. spectively, 136 and 793 votes. Field was Shaw, of DoyiestowD, were putting up *1’ ?^?a i3,8.^0^ Hal), and he parted wlfh the last of it In 1815. The smithy wa&tbe via Baltimore and Philadelphia The in’ j germ of the tavern and mansion, and it was no trouble for the genealogist to read | their ancestry and descent In the rude arches over the cellar windows, and in the SHHisrfeffi “asonry of the southeast corner rea.8,onab|y assured that Doyles- 1 ?X*imT°““r w” ta.SS town would be the new countv sent smitnyfmifhy letoto 8haa 8W?wtwo-story e“Iar®® d attictae anolenthouse vss ays Afreet3 tbe £outfiwest front to Main Veluov, buo retained In the familv until street, two rooms on each story This Tiftewas fn’W^r improvement was plainly to be dlstin guiehed by better stone and liner dressing especially at the corners. Further adcfl- Jtion was made before, or after, the house £****8*5 fnrt If’ deluding the hall and sitting «;“8i G I mi8na” wt6h« ^6 l0tters “N B- aad the former, uncScmbtedlv standing for “Nathaniel She well”the I»Hg?=3wI owner of the property, and the latter for -^Mtre. hajv^asila Into history!63^’ !tS Thr«e 9the!: memb0r of that family' Th«.« --- chsDutefl rdTnCafh0t b.e successfully ,i™nifd • Ia .tae middle ot the DJyleatTn6 tW° gCOUP8 °C old taverns ia dwelling, not ineludiog the hailwav iroylestown; one, and the elder at *h« tnat ran through the house from south¬ Grossing of the two main streets, whose east to northwest, was a heavy stone wall history we have briefly rehearsed; the extending up to the comb of the roof and waf found a dressed chimney‘top- thelTwrtr^n^h °°Urt h°USe' Tbe80 had auditlonal evidence the small southeast ®°“«r first story, was a smith shorn jjustfce 'to Slshplaree m°aVnad °b»i*!oX cd -the building may have been extended in luMaM?1* ° !8U- <“ SK °fi®red tt for sale,1 in 1812, he described the house as a new stone house, 50x32 feet having three fronts; a stone barn wmi convenient double sheds, 95 feet long Ind WPBfljp a stone smith shop The smith sho^’had -nFn°tront front ofcfTh^ the ™Thompson1* across house Ma!o swhere‘re«, charcoal and other debris of a smithy were turned up over forty years ago in dlgS iliiisisscountry tavern and for fhrh 8hop- then a foundations for a bay scale. As Shewed ?S5sSSsS;! toront i? andSil1CUan Qu0ea b& concluded as a tavern Q°W °°m3 to I£s blst°ry

ovt? th^e^lnv^f® 'ahadJonls that watched up?n\8aeOUpadrtt5[%Sft.

woman who presided over thtTRoes mah-j Miners’ newspaper of the 9th of April: sion of the pride she took in her mte- lectual sonei and with what grief she «■ Friends at a distance, and neighbors near.” mourned the daughter of the house cut off “I hare taken Shewell’s convenient \n thft nride o! womanhood. Many pi®as tavern stana in Doylestown, near the intfLwK»» ■» «morl.. U-gor “boat Court House, at the door of which the Indian Queen exhibits herself in all kinds of weather, her spirits neither depressed by clouds nor raised by sunshine. I have liquors of a good quality, and have made wrHMat improved it. When built we do comfortable provision for the weary trav¬ eler, including provinder for his horses; and, having a disposition to live by the provision, I pledge myself to use every proper exertion to give satisfaction to those who may frequent the inn of Stephen Brock.” Mr. Brock was a picturesque person b90rl1826nhlsHegiods befng sold° at pubUo and, as an Innkeeper, surpassed by none. be to bar 26. He was doubtless the He was genial and popular, and an im-, owner 'for he mentions in his advertise-' portant faotor in county politics. No man could play the part of candidate for office with greater suecesp, and he was charged •with enrolling the mothers on his side in : politics by kissing the children and giv¬ ing them candy. His strength among the! ?if They^were two bS| voters was so great, that, on two occa¬ that color that drew the Marquis through sions, be ran as an independent candidate tho'streets of Philadelphia when ho visited for sheriff against the held and was elect¬ ed. In his first race, in 1821, when re¬ lbWimam Field succeeded Watts taking turned by 983 majority, he announced his possession of the hooeethetoarlhof No- candidacy in a card, which starts on by Lrvihar H.0 Was Still th@r0 ID looz, saying: “I am no grandee, nor caucus on the 28th of October, nmrrled hmeeccna man, nor political lntrigar; but a plain wife Eliza Gordon, of Doylestown. lhe maD.” and the people seem to have - Doylestown eoachee,”. running to and thought so, for they elected him. There from Philadelphia, carrying the mail, put was always a vein of humor about him Lp “t the Court Inn, and Fielc probably In the Spring of 1825 when he moved out it as he was proprietor of a stage to the Cross Keys, he announced that in¬ line in 1832 Watts still ownedtheriouse stead of having “shifted his quarters to irT the Soring of '32, when William l- the Lake country, the Cherokee settle¬ Rogers offered It for sale as his agent ments, or any other outlandish region, The house was robbed the night of April he “had only removed to the sign of the is 1830 while Field occupied it, anu a Cross Keys, lately kept by Peter Adame, , number of articles stolen including » Esq., on the Easton Road. one mile from | dozen sliver spoons, marked with the^ In¬ itial “h” and belonged to his hr3t wire. Doylestown ” . ,, „ i Mr, Block left the Indian Quean April 1,| 1 It is poseible Field did not. occupy the ' 1818. and William MoHonry, father of the house continuously from 1826 to 1832. ir s late Charles McHenry( of Doylestown, he left in 1832, he may have lived privately . succeeded him. The new host came of an TlSeT* break In the line ' old Irish family, and his Immediate an¬ of landlords, and our cestor was the Rev. Fyancls McHenry, a records do not help us out. Crispin Bladt distinguished Presbyterian divine. He faD, of Solebury, while Prothonotary In , was a watchmaker by trade and carried it the 20’s kept the Court Inn, and bis &on, on while keeping the house. He was fol¬ Joseph H told me he was born there. In lowed by Abram Black, whose pet name future years the son held an importan was “ Walaboeker,” not at all classic, but r os It ion in the Post Office Department, affectionate, who moved up from the Black End was ‘ Superintendent of Foreign Bear, where he had kept seven years. He for a long time. John Welkei was at the Queen in 1821-22. In 1815 Shewell sold the property to ^llliam Watts, who csme up from Newtown with the removal of the county seat. He had held more than one row office, and was subsequently SSsSllJStoS.1 “ ^£%qstonUK Associate Judge. At the end of Mr. Black s two years, Mr. Watts took out a license In i tw “mil'es “below“the Willow Grove ana his own name and kept it for two years. has squatted down at Doylestown at the 1823 24. We know of no occurence out of the ordinary routine of life at a country ^Wyke^ was followed by Joseph Strawin i tavern while he kept It, and. In the latter “ pjnnv ” StrawD, us he was called, ana year, Mr. Watts sold the property to license was granted him at the> April[term Judge John Rose, recently appointed to 1846. He kept the house twenty,, the Common Pleas Bench of the district. and developed a number of peculailtles oi The deed is dated May 25. character He had a certain time ror The life of this historic tavern now comes to an end. and the new owner puts it to other uses; the Indian Queen is transformed into a dwelling, and used for this purpose to the end of its days almost difference they had to go. He haa g«* three quarters of a century. Three gen¬ faith In the moon, and watched It close y, erations of lawyers were reared and acd as age grew upon him, began to PJ® trained under its roof for the paths met and prophesy. One of his peeularUles marked out for them |In life. Many of us have a vivid recoliecjlqn of the elegant; diSil,ke to negroes, and, wrtn a exception, none of this race was al- I spring or r23~ and moved In as Mrs. Kiple went out. Burrowp, who was still there T«^buot0 dr Db at bis t)ar' This was Peter in 1826, announced that “Mineral water indSm h'°gro„ ot th8 old 8ch00l> tal1 nnnn aDd,a constant attendant of the best quality, and ice cream equal to upon the officers In the hev day of our Philadelphia manufacture, can be had on county military. Strawu had an only eov, Thursday and Saturday evenings. These were luxuries at that day. Mr. Burrows isfiiyc«n’ who’ after Irving in the war of wife, Sarab, died In Philadelphia June 30 65, ,weDt t0 sea wltb a couple of his 1824. He left the tavern prior to 1828, and aDd, 8ail,E& the south seas o®Li, C d!?56Et vessels, they met at began keeping a flour and feed store In Honolu.u, The other two came home but Doylestown, being succeeded at the Green m,a:ce^; cont™cted leprosy, was Tree by Henry Carver, subsequently sent to the Island where such unfortunates elected Brigade Inspector. Carver was are confined, and finally became the Gov- there in ’28, and William Field from ’29 to ’31, tv mfo'J??,.8 °,f Strawn’s daughters married WUHam Beek, who built the first exhibi¬ Thomas Purdy, of Southampton, father tion building on the Doylestown Fair ot ex-Sherlff John M. Purdy, was the next (landlord to rule over the Green Tree, his ?h£VUDwe’nln 1»855; whIch wa8 blown down Lbat *®1'> after a great fair at which administration beginning April 1, 1831. Horace Greeley and a baby exhibit were the William Purdy, his father, having been drawing cards Allen H. Heist succeeded recently appointed Prothonotary of the Strawn at i he Court Inn in 1866 and to him county, by Governor Wolf, father and sor, the house is indebted for all the modern that Spring, came to Doylestown and cc- cupied the tavern. The license was taken He flrst erected the brick back building and then the front struc¬ out in the name of the son. The Purdys ture, the original frame, having to give left the Green Tree in the Spring of 1833; way to the demands for better accomoda- the father removing to the house now oc¬ cupied by Arthur Lehman, corner of State street and Printers’ alley, where he died The third tavern, in the court house in 1834, the son going to the Black Bear group, was the stone house at the north¬ Northampton township, where he kept east corner of Main and Broad street, now store a few years in the Stuckert store¬ house, and then removed to his father’s owned and occupied by Webster Grim, farm in Southampton. He died there In Esq. It was a lioensed house for many the Fall of 1844, two years after his elec¬ years under the name of the “Green tion to the Sheriff’s office. Among the Tree,” a sign bearing this emblem, swing¬ (subsequent landlords were Benjamin Car¬ ing In front of It. This was the third tav- I ver, the successor of Purdy; Kirk J, Price ern that had its birth In the transfer of who kept the house in 1836; Theodore the county seat from Newtown to Doyles- Kinsey, who left the tavern to engage la town, and built by Septimus Evans for a the lightning rod business, and, striking dwelling, prior to 1813. Evans, a clock it at the flood, led on to fortune; Joel Yasey, who left the Green Tree in 1849 to and watch maker by trade, was here be¬ :give place to Abram R. Kram, the batten fore 1807 and married Catharine Houpt, of Durham, March 11, 1811 He obtained her for Lewis Apple at the Citizens’ House license in 1813,14 and 15, and kept It as a License was gramed to both Apple and tavern these years, but, wishing to go else¬ Yasey at the April Term, 1846 The Green where, sold it to Daniel Woodruff In the Tree gave up the ghost as a licensed house Fall of 1815, and he probably moved Into It sometime in the Spring of ’54, and, since the first of April, 1816. He announced then, has bsen occupied as a residence by various persons. himself as the “ landlord of the Green Tree The fourth, and last, of the group of Inn,” on taking possession, the firstmen- tion of the name we have seen. To what taverns that encircled tne court house was the “ Citizens’ House,” known by other iplace Evans removed and when he left Doylestown we do not know, but we find names to the present generation, but him following his trade at Jenkfntown in practically the same building new occu¬ 1821. He was the father of the late Henry pied by Scheetz’s stores. Southwest corner of Court and Pine. It was built by Joseph S. Evans, many years proprietor and edi¬ Burrowp, in 1830-31, for a temperance tor of the Village Record, West Chester, probably the most valuable country news¬ house; finished in the Winter and opened paper in Pa , and served two terms in the in March. It was a frame. One of the State Senate. He was born In Doyles- i newspapers of the village announced on ! town, and no doubt under the roof of the Daoember 7, 1830, that the “Citizens’ Breen Tre*. (House,” is now ready for the re¬ A new laudlord took possession in the ception of jurois, boarders and othere by Spring of 1817, a village tailor by the name the proprietor, Joseph Burrows. The’ad- jfJohn Randall, and the second of this (vertisement was healed “ New Establish¬ craft who became a bonlface In our town. ment.” At that time there were no build¬ During his occupancy of the house a ings on the south side of Court street be- stranger and a traveler died there, Wil¬ tween the Academy and Printers’ alley iam Dennison Burroughs, of the State where Barton Stuart’s log barn stood. It >f New York, who had taken a raft was enlarged and improved by the several owners. lown the Delawara to Philadelphia, ind was attacked wlto pleurisy on In 1835 the proprietor of thla Temper¬ ils return. We are cot informed how ance House, whomsoever he may have bee n ong Randall kept the house, nor who was the possessor of a handsome collec¬ vere the Intervening landlord?, If any, but tion of birds, insects, fishes, minerals etc ve do know that Margaret Kiple kept It collected by the son of a Mr. Myers sup¬ n 1822 23, leaving it the first of April the posed to be the landlord. They were the atter year. Joseph Burrows, the father cause of attraction. An article that ap¬ >f the “ Citizens’ House” of which more peared in the Intelligencer, of May 13 1835 ater on, bought the property in the signed “ Subscriber ” pays the following compliment to this hostelry, and Its col¬ lection of curios: " Jtielng at court last wees, i nad a durl- Judges Krause and Smyser were upon the oslty to visit this establishment, and Bench, they made the Citizens’ House rarely have I spent a half hour more their headquarters while bolding court. agreeably than In examining the collec¬ This made it the resort of the members of tion of "birds, minerals, sculpture and the Bar, much more than a similar cause oalntings, with which one of the rooms of would influence them now, After court the Inn is so tastefully decorated. The had adjourned for the day it was no unu¬ 3S1IU displayed in the arrangement of the sual thing to see almost the entire Bar at specimens deserves praise, and the collec¬ this popular hostelry, spending all, or part, tion i3 highly creditable to the place.” At of the evening, talking politics, discussing what time the house obtained license is points of law indulging In jokes, and, not not known, but It was probably after 1836, infrequently, seasoned with wit. When when Kirk J. Pilce removed hither from the weather was mild enough to sit cut of the Green Tree. This is supposed to have doors the company would gather on the been about 1839, and that William Field broad pavement In front of the house. The ■was the first landlord after license was lute Thomas Ross took great delight it) granted. He left it the Spring of 1841, and these social-professional gatherings, and removed to the Mount Vernon House, was the life of the assemblage. Bis gold Philadelphia, the second Doylestown land¬ snuff box played no mean part, for when lord to try his fortune at that then famous that was taken out and passed around, It house. After license was obtained the was equivalent to serving notice on the name was changed to that of “ Citizens company there was fun ahead. More than House,” and retained it to the end of its one fellow member of the Bar euffered clays as a tavern. Stephen Brock suc¬ from the keenness of his wit. ceeded Field the Spiing he left, and kept At one time, away back in the 30’a, the the house for five years, removing to the post office was in the Citizens’ House, Gross Keys in 1846. When he took charge kept In the cellar under the southwest he headed his notice In the newspapers, end, and was entered by an open stairway “Brock against the field,” and It was from Court street. Randall Maddock was literally true. While he kept the house it the Postmaster, and, if tradition beat all was the centre of much of the social life of truthful, he carried the letters round town Bucks county’s capital. Mr. Brock’s two In his hat. Our postal service has grown agreeable daughters, and three popular very considerably In the last sixty years. sons, were important factors in making it The “ Spring House Tavern,” at whose attractive during their father’s adminis¬ front swung the sign of the “ Bucks tration. The Summer of 1845 was especi¬ County Farmer ” near a century ago, and, ally gay; the house was filled with board- at this time, Is known as the “Clear Spring Hotel,” is one of the oldest taverns In Doylestown. When built and by whom; large dining-room, were of almost of when first licensed to sell the “ardent” nightly occurrence, and picnics frequent. and the name of the first landlord, we are Some hearts were touched, and, In utter not Informed. But one fact we do know, years, matches made by those who first and that points to its longevity; it was a met there. I was then In Doylestown and public house at the dawn of the century, joined In these Innocent pleasures, and, in years before any one dreamed the little after years, when standing in that empty hamlet at the crossing of the Easton road dining-room, and contemplating past de¬ and that from Coryell’s Ferry to the lights, It seemed “ like some banquet ball Schuylkill would ever become the county s capital. Ex Sheriff Charles H. Mann succeeded As long ago os 1806 this tavern was Mr. Brock in the Spring of 1846, and kept owned and kept by John Woman, doubt¬ the house until he removed to the Foun- less the same who was carrying on tailor¬ i tain House In 1849, which he bought of ing iu Doylestown just before this time. Pettit. The landlords in rotation, from On December 6 he advertised his tavern 1 ManD, were Lewis Apple, who moved for sale In Germany,” the name that from Opp’s; J. Wilson Cowell, son of end of^ cur borough has borne from Joseph Cowell, of Point Pleasant, whose ! that time to the present, with twenty- tavern was quite famous in its day, and i three acres_ of land. He says in a where J. Wilson got his early training. partial description of the premises. His oldest daughter married James Van- “ the house has two fronts, each 60x20 feet, horn?, cashier of Hatboro National Bann; with a good kitchen,” As Landlord Wor- William C. Knight, of Southampton, aan did not succeed in selling his tavern bought the house In 1863; kept it two he concluded to remain, and stayed there years then he returned to Southampton until April 1, 1809, when be removed to where he died In 1877; Thomas P. Miller, ! Philadelphia to the sign of “ The Drover, son cf Mahlon Miller who kept the famous Third and Callowhlll. Who followed Wor- Black Bear many years; who made some man at the Spiing House we do not know, valuBb'e Improvement?,and was succeeded nut the next we hear of the tavern it was by ex Sheriff Purdy in the Spring of 1876. owned by John Ledley Dick, who prop- Morgan Rufe bought the house of Purdy, obiv bought it of Worman. He was stir In 1883, and altered It for a general store. the owner in 1813, and possibly longer. Ur After Rufe’s death It was bought by A. t. August 30 he offered it at publio sale undr Scheetz whose sons conduct mercantile the name of the “ Spring House, sign c business In it. In Its prime, the Citizens the Bucks County Farmer.” At this t.m: House was the; first public house of the Jacob Overholt was keeping it. The housi county seat. Us nearness to the court was spoken of as a ” New stone bulldln; house helped it;i patronage, and, when the with a living spring of water pear It four-horse mall stages ran between Easton base,” and In full view of the public bullc and Philadelph a, before the days of rail¬ Inge, Doylestown. This tallies well vrlt roads, they ^topped there to change what may be said of It now. Just previoi horses and dinei coming into town to the to vacating the premises Overholt adve, tlsed a “ Fox Chase,” in Asher Mlnet music of the driver’s horn newspaper. In thejfollowlng terms: In the fortiefc'ep atand early fifties, while 63

th« I0T? wm let out from s*m:*1,1 oi-ec!. ue-iesn; rn m

!$&zteKMS yeari fgoay nVn Lorj nor ,hecuQ3her of our public h-dj.-es 9 tiecreaseri. When our borough had but in* the Hmdecadelf Te century and settled at Doylestown Thev if***™*. U cents ioed •iVti ”, M m ~0 a popu- are supposed to have been the children of ■l, u CJ* 3,000_. iib nhas^e; Oo.ly *’ four':lVc ird a Presbyterian minister He took to ' not bad a greater t umber In twVntv-five caerrled0ifon th£taDTy in Germanyatd fr ’A AA' Pr r"'vfl Doylosto^vr.'e Id- the wiVoVkr 1 •ixsss^tsssr “““«| Erwihrrc?aErwMrf;) da,ught”r of’ William -p—-——-—i*,1_r—- niolDi-oi l!'rwlDDa- The death of Mr m,i£!IQfWa8 &urr°anded with pathetic eir- t^^hS^a#C0e’ and great sadness The typhus fever was epidemic In Doyfestown growden mansion.

rS? Sketch of the Residence ot One burled In the Pres by teri“ graveyard^^ ot the Colonial Families. E5pirai“ ™ with him In his l« Si,8 K letter written to a friend In the lower end A Paper Read before the Bucks county event® °°UDty' tbU3 e»™k* of this sad Historical Society by Henry w. Watson, aUMnymfri^: John L. Dick, died to day Esq., of Langhorne, at the Midwinter I jlp' 9 ’ °f toe typhus fever. How frail of health T a1? dal8 ag0 hB was ln the vigor Meeting' at Doylestown, January 19, '9?. of health. Alas, how visionary our hones f earthly happiness; but two months since he married Miss Erwin the daimh! In the lower end ot Bucks county, on Bormlh*1?r«otl®8t maa theco’unty. How the banks of the Neshaminy creek, soon their fondest anticipations of future istands a mansion of historical import- ed ”8 Thl 5eetlc, felicity were destroy- a ' The writer of this letter caught t hA I ance Tno history connected with this fever of Dick and died in a fe w dav?--him 1 pld place is more than local as it was the self, mother, sister, and ayounJladva member of the family, all dvlnf inVhm Jim pretentious manor-house erected same houee within twowaebs51'3 th ruhln tbe Province of Pennsylvania townshIp6muved1down(toPboyIe£down^iid aassa sssessj® i (were mostly Frilmls rlL r° C0l5nty bartfiSf^pj- “»*, Kfc telsr w“1‘ “‘6 I

from Willlam^Peun l'&!tu'‘ort£°?l''°d Jn\Tl8?6PPwfe“T^ there r™ li846i w^en he went to the Citizens’ SS?ly°™ifo?S,rf" °f f* K K ^PK was 8ueceeded at the Oiear ^•Srt,i/tholS™ SflfS!?- °?

SIenera£gClDgS are bBOWU to tha A few words and our story is concluded f the nice old taverns we nave dleocurW bouf, and which In tfc-tr bre? da« delded gieat li fimre*', di have been mJm/mif nut thrthr^;:i !hfrepair,’ otthe ne »***<*Fountain house? and PdTh^^J&B lonument 11 u?dfj. and i he Clear Spring0 house, very nleasantly situated^ 9t.wo 09 l^R °t Ibelr landlords, a ithei. remarkable fact presents itself saod apple tr , ,a0b"t,* «»» glit ot them, wjli.fa onm r»roofiern* nn ’ ™ ■ from“Sf,SSil0,’f.atS|i¥,„ •orqurtro'*aM tlB*r whoto Rn

in great style and Sere TnnVTily lived Sketch of a Brave Warrior Read before great folks by the neonla1,?n «. d u-p?n as hood. Grace anA , Pcopiein the neighbor- the Bucks County Historical society, at would ride out fnrthe!lghterVElizabeth, horses, and pav their ^Ir. coach and four Doylestowa, January 19, 1897, by Rev. borhood, whfcb feere “ fe™Jeh- D. K. Turner, of Hartsville. Collison Grace KirifwS4 ®eiect"Jane ardson and her dauvh e- ALary Ricb- Ruth, were the nnYI « * Mary and Many of the native citizens of this neighborhood they visite^amf h. ln uhe once a year. Thev wnniu ?nd they but county took part in the war which the Government of the United States felt compelled to declare against Great Britain they were ready to go hoTh? U^tU In 1812. None of them, however, rose to kept a chariot ” a L„, 9l 1 hey also such eminent distinction as Gen. Jacob legal proceeding;. % loDe and tedious Brown, and it seems not inappropriate to property, Qafng?ae6if part of ‘he ieph Galioway 8whinh the 08tate ol J°- spend a little time In dwelling upon his life, his charac er and his achievements. Born ln Falls township about three and a half miles below Morrisville. near the banks of the Delaware River, May 9, 1775 led Benjamin Burton Suhe mar' he was fourth ln desoent from one of the earliest settlers of Pennsylvania. His father, Samuel Btowd, was a faithful f the Growdfnaeltal™dsowrbSvh,are member of the Society of Friends. His feldren, which realized Tlarle sum ancestors had lived ln the county almost The homestead was . a hundred years, and the family were eorge Williamson 3Tfpbrchased hy deeply Imbued with love for America and ime the property of CharfesW^ Tavib®' her Institutions, though there Is no evi¬ ad upon his death in isoi ’ ‘ ^ or' dence that any of them disregarded the ie possession of his chi]1dre’nPaS8t6d lnto requirements of their religious faith by ■cupy the old mansion From r^h° now rowden to tliA Rm,**1 roin -Lawrence taking up arms to engage in warfare, During his childhood the Revolutionary Jarly one hundred and *ffftv *ieriod °f struggle with Great Britain was in pro¬ rowden estates descended ?6a+s’ gress, and he heard much said, no doubt, at his home and In the neighborhood about the marches, campaigns and battles of » "'"h »M china Washington’s forces, and their efforts to ! win freedom from the unjust exactions of the English government. The locality in rorxLaics° a„r°i;“7 which he spent his younger days was often approached, if not visited, by the American troops, and his mind must have been Impressed by the warlike events which were taking place around him I Probably to this fact may be traeedthe aged .Increased, and he became inclination, which afterward appeared In most wldely-kDown and estee his history, to enter upon a military of the northern part of New Yor! the mliitla was organized, early In this °&He enjoyed slender advantages for ac¬ rentury, he was appointed Colonel of a quiring an education. At the period of regiment, and ere long made Brigadier- his youth schools were few in number and Genera!. Attentive to his duties, firm and widely scattered, and he /rom strict in discipline, yet kind and consider¬ teachers only the simple rudiments of ate toward the soldiers in the ranks, he learning. But like many others, who have was a respected and popular officer, and made their mark in the world, he endeav¬ won the confidence of the highest authori¬ ored to train his own mind and to secure ties of the Commonwealth. knowledge by reading and study in pri¬ The arrogance of England in forcibly vate So successful was he in these exer¬ taking seaman from American vessels, tions, that at the age of eighteen he be¬ whom she claimed as her eubjecte, and gan teaching at Grosswicks, N. J„ eight impressing them into her navy, and other miles from Trenton, where there was a haughty, selfish measures contrary to the Friends’ meeting, under whose speclal law of nations, brought on war between care probably the school was. Not far that country and our own. As was ex¬ from three years elapsed in this congenial pected, the border between Canada and employment, and during this time h® en¬ the United States became the theatre, In larged his acquaintance with the science which was enacted an-important part of and practice ot surveying land. the conflict. General Brown was directed When he reached his majority in 1796 he to take command of a brigade In defence went to Cincinnati, Ohio, then a small, of the northern frontier. He had not been straggling village, surrounded by an al¬ trained In the regular army, and had most pathless wilderness. The Infant city never gained experience by passing was laid out In 1788, only eight years pre¬ through campaigns or battles. But he viously, on a patent of land obtained by possessed those natural traits, courage, John Oleves Symmes, of New J«rsf5y, and decision, quickness of apprehension, self- was settled by a polony from that btat^ reliance, steadiness, perseverance and Probably the subject of this sketen ai&u, ?bllity to command, which, when called he were acquainted, as mey^wwe to¬ into action by propitious circumstances, gether In some of the same battles in constitute a successful military general, the last war with England, and it and where others failed, he won dis¬ mav have been through Symmes ln- tinguished renown and greatly benefited fluwice that Brown turned his steps the cauc-e of hl3 country. toward the West. His.journey from1Pitts- The first Important service he per¬ burg was mads down the Ohio KJver on a formed in the field was In October, 1812, boat, or ark, managed by when the British made an attack upon the only means of transportation at that Ogdeneburg, on the St. Lawrence. With early day between the two places. In 750 men. they attempted to cross the river 1790 six years before his visit, emigrants in boats, under cover of a fire from funs passing down the broad stream were often at Pressooti’s, on the Canada side. The fired on by Indians from the banks, as Americans had a battery of two cannon they and their goods slowly floated by. and a body of militia under General Brown. But two years before his coming a line of Though the enemy fought with con¬ Keel boats was established thatiwere pro¬ spicuous bravery and determination more tected by breastworks with loop holes for than an hour, yet they were repulsed the use of muskets, which occupied four losing three killed and four wounded weeks in the lonely voyage, and it was when they took to their fe#ats and hur¬- doubtless on a craft of this kind that he riedly escaped. This success highly en¬ arrived safely at his destination. couraged those raw troops, who had People in considerable numbers were known scarcely arythlog of actual warr; ’ pressing Into the rich country of the before, and correspondingly elevated their Miami, mul the services °f the surveyor commander In their esteem. often needed. In this DUcinesb On the 25th of April, 1813, Gene: Brown engaged with industry and success Pike and Dearborn of our army a year or two, whan he returned 1.600 selected troops left Sackett’s and was appointed Principal of a Friends bor In vessels on Lake Ontario, as wi achool In New York CJlty• This position supposed, to attack Kingston, whli he resigned after a brief period,being am¬ was just across on the Canadian sh bitious to advance his fortunes more but they actually proceeded west¬ raDldly than he could do In the unevent- ward, and after a sail of two days fuF though honorable, calling o- an in- reached the vicinity of York, the germ Btrnotor of youth. While in the c ty be of the flourishing city ot Toronto. had more facilities for studying 3“l8Pru- Here were large quantities of military dence than elsewhere, and employ earns stores and provisions, belonging to^the leisure hours in gaining acquaintance enemy, which it was desirable to “ with the principles of iaw, though he did or destroy. The British resisted the land- not carry It so far as to be admitted to the lug of- our soldiers,.. but were1 compelle—polled to give way before their impetuous charge, BIn 1799 he was attracted to and retreated to their principal forttfloa- nmintv N Y then a region covered with tlons. Our men, forming on the bank of JrtSSil aQd were used by the English In number was 951, of which 190 were of SummerP8ratiC>D8 ail Che r8malnder of the boys of various ages; 211 were of girls, big and little; 43 were of Congress sol¬ offset our good fortune at York, the diers killed in different skirmishes; ??,,“y a month later fitted out an expe- 88 were of women, with long hair; ^“°“a«alnst Sackett’s Harbor. On the jand the remainder were of farm¬ f™ °r May they advanced upon the town ers; and all were marked with Indian the northern shore of the St. Law- signs and devices, by which the savages F®cce with 900 men in eight vessels and 30 Indicated to what class each belonged, P°ai .„ To oppose them the Americans how they were slain, ny muskets, toma¬ had 800 men of the line and 500 militia, the hawk, knife or club, and in what they were latter under Gen. Brown: he was re¬ employed at the time of death, whether quested, however, by Gen. Dearborn to In the house or the fields, and many other ^.eucummand of the entire force, to particulars. In this communication, which Shi*]11 £e acceded, and the direction of the was signed by James Crawford, an Indian whole battle was In his care. or half-breed, he claims that there were ir,£tVlfir^t,d.?y,.i'b® Indians, who were aid- very few gray heads among the scalped, CU^ some American almost all being young or in middle age, boats, but effected little more. Our yeo- which he says makes the service to the jaen soldiery were unaceo9tumed to meet- English government more essential, and U^.mrt^ahage8‘i^ T,hey had beard of their earnestly requests that supplies be sent TrCdlsh cruelty In torturing prisoners, and to his people, of which they were In great .°°mlDg into their power. The need, as “ they had not been Idle friends.” English denied that they encouraged their, The savages were wont to inflict incon¬ Indian allies In Inhuman warfare. But ceivable sufferings upon their prisoners, there is Indubitable proof that they did as Francis Parkman abundantly shows in incite the red men to put to death with his Interesting volumes. They pulled out fearful barbarity all Americans that fell the finger nails and toe nails of their hap¬ in their way, not only during the Revolu¬ less victims, burned the bottoms of their tion and the War of 1812, but before the feet with red hot irons, thaust hot irons wf of-crtll,1s eentury In a time of into their bodies, and roasted their flesh peace. When York was taken by our forces, lat a slow fire to prolong their agonies. among other things found was a soalp ;Tbe militia under Gen. Brown were well suspended over the Speaker’s chair In the aware what would be their awful fate, if ■Parliament House, as a trophy of Indian they should be taken alive by the black¬ prowess In some recent raid upon the ter¬ balled denizens of the forests, and when ritory of the Union. This was sent to they saw them in the ranks of the enemy, General Armstrong, Secretary of War of It Is not surprising that they should recoil .i0 but he refused to receive It or from their neighborhood. allow It to have a place in his cabinet of In the attack on Sackett’s Harbor at curiosities. At the close of the Revolu- first the British gained some advantage, tlon in 1783 a computation was made of the driving the militia within the lntrench- Indian warriors, who had been employed ments, and an American naval officer, sup¬ by the British against the revolted col¬ posing the day was lost, set on tire the stores, that had been taken at York and • doubt that Montreal might have been cap¬ brought thither for safe keeping, ana tured No considerable obstacle was In which were sacrificed unnecessarily. But l he way. The only thing necessary was Gsn. Brown rallied his wavering lines, and to press on and the coveted prize would cheered them on against the foe, soon have been grasped. .. compelling them to retreat, leaving many But on the 12th of November, when It killed and wounded, whom they deserted was expected that Gen. Hampton would to be cared for or burled by the Americans, have added his force to that of WllkinsoD. as was their custom throughout the war. • nd made assurance doubly sure, he sent a Hon. 0. J. Ingersoll uses the following message to the latter, positively declining language about the General, who was un¬ to aid in the onward movement or to pro¬ expectedly called to direct the operations ceed further into Canada. Uhls affoided of the day: ‘‘General Brown, no soldier sufficient excuse to Wilkinson to arrest all by profession, was one of those natural aggressive operations and retire Into offsprings of war, who seem born to excel ■'winter quarters. General Brown and In it, a man stout of person, strong of Col Scott were recalled, and inaction set¬ nerve, bold, brave, sagacloue, full of re¬ tled like an Incubus upon our army, when source, indefatigable, whose exploits were these two officers and many others were among the most brilliant of that war. 1 anxious to push northward into hostile will here introduce a part of a letter which territory. General Brown wrote Immediately after Soon after this Gen'. Browfi was ap- tbe eogagemeot. „ „„ 1819. no'nted Major General In the regular 'army of the U. S„ and assigned to the “ We were attacked at the dawn of this command of the Niagara frontier. During day by a British regular force of at least the Winter of 1813 14 he was engaged In 900 men, most probably 1 200. They made completing the organization of the forces their landing at Hoise Island. We are In Western New York, perfecting their completely victorious. The enemy lost a discipline, aBd preparing them for ener¬ considerable number of killed and getic action in the Spring. At the opening wounded on the field, among the number of the season arrangements were made for several officers of distinction. After an invasion of Canada. Gen. Brown s having re-embarked, they sent me a hag headquarters were at Buffalo with bis desiring to have their killed and wounded soldiers In two brigades under Generals attended to. I made them satisfied on Winfield Scott and Ripley, numbering that subject. Americans will be dlsttn- 3 300 The English were encamped about gulshed for humanity and bravery. Our three miles away near the Chippewa loss Is not numerous but serious from the River, a confluent of the Niagara, great worth of those who have fallen. under General RlalJ, Who had 2,500 Colonel Mills was shot dead at the com¬ some cavalry, artillary superior to the mencement of tbe action, and Colonel American, and a body of Canadians and Backus, of the first regiment of light dragooDS, nobly fell tbe head of bis Early in the morning of July 3d, Gen. regiment as victory was declaring for us. Brown’s troops crossed the Niagara and I will not presume to praise this regiment; seized Fort Erie, the garrison of 140 men their gallant conduct on this day merits surrendering without resistance. On the much more than praise. Sir George next day they drove in the British Prevost landed and commanded In person. outposts and ere long came near the main Sir James Yeo commanded the enemy s body, when the General determined to fleet. In haste, yours, &c, „ attack them in their present position. “Jacob Bhown. That his men might be fresh and vigorous An author of dlstlnotion has made the however, he deferred the contest till the following observation: “General Brown following morning, -July 5th. The Eng¬ was a Pennsylvania Quaker, a village lish commander, influenced by similar schoolmaster not far from Philadelphia, considerations, adopted the same plan and soon rose, like Greene in the War of Both parties then left their camps and the Revolution, to military eminence; two deployed into a plain two mileswide. On men of genius for military affairs, only the American side Gen. Scott s brigade second, If that, to the first military com¬ was in front; General Ripley s some dis¬ manders of this country, Greene and tance la the rear. The two armies Brown, of whom Itwas jocularly said, that marched steadily towards each other, both proved true blue.” with colors flying, the light glancing The ruling authorities of our govern¬ from their bayonets, as if on parade, ment were much gratified with the mili¬ till they had approached within eighty tary skill and heroic conduct of General y ards, when the flash of musketry burst Brown, shown in tbe defeat of the British forth on each side all along the^ line. at Sackett’s Harbor, and soon after pro¬ General Brown, fearful that Mpley 1s bri¬ moted him to the rank of Brigadier Gen¬ gade would not arrive in time to lend their eral in the regular army. In November, help, dashed back to hurrY ^em UD. 1813 he was at the head of the ad¬ While he was gone, General flftrtt, Joeing vance force in the expedition of Gen¬ some confusion among the Canadians, oc eral Wilkinson down the St. Lawrence. casioned by the blowing up of an ammuni¬ The enemy had been driven from the tion wagoD, shouted to McNeil s battalion* region of Niagara more than three-fourths The enemy say we’re better at long shot the distance to Montreal. Col. Winfield than steel. Eleventh ! give the Berthe Scott, afterwards Lieutenant General, was slander—oharge ! charge the rascals .„ serving under General Brown, and was This was done obliquely In gallant style fifteen miles ahead of General Wilkinson. and another battalion raking them on the The English, 800 strong, were overtaken opposite flank, they broke and left the after a rapid march by our troops, con¬ field to the Americans. This was allac sisting of about the same number, and cnruDlisbed in a short time, and when were routed at Eoophola Creek, leaving General Brown returned the English were many prisoners in our hands. If the vig¬ in full retreat, which they continued across orous measure of General Brown bad been the Chippewa, burning tbe bridge bebiDd seconded by Wilkinson, there Is little th«“h' m8 bad 2,100 engaged In I the battle; the Americans 1,900. The I thomie«l0SM-D billed and wounded 503; hero^nri*er 3h0,ijWltb Dearly equal num¬ bers on each side and a fair field vlctorv cnnm3Ji tk Genoral Brown’s army on ac- h«Hf Khe 8uP0ur!or discipline, to which its had boen subjected duriDcr several Sketch of One of the Oldest teron?F’ ^ 8Hlful disposition of the dif¬ ferent regiments, and the promptness of Families in the County, nrfh°i0mmaDdlrig cfflcers to seize the fay- enemy opportu0Ity for charging the EMINENT ROYALISTS IN BRITAIN. fl™?£,i?ay8 aft6t'the C0Dfli°t at Chippewa, another sanguinary engagement took p, ®P.® the English in the same vi- Brief Outline of the Family’s History ttmha’tfi nfURdL8 Lane’ sometimrs called u. R?Ue of Bridgewater, or Niagara in irom (the Time of the Arrival of sfl^nhn n?«?flral ?r?,wn a^aln saw triumph Lawrence Wilkinson, about 1645, SL hiSf Cl bl? couDtry. He was at the head of about 3,000 soldiers. The to the Present, Prepared for the Canadians had 4,000, with a heavy battery I “Democrat” by Ogden D. Wilkin¬ of cannon, and were posted on high son, of Philadelphia. WnnFnf1?! a desirable location. Want of time will prevent my giving a John and Josias, brothers of Samuel, description of this fearful struggle, whtah occurred ate in the afternoon and even- were also in the Indian Wars. Rev. Israel ine°f J(uly 25, 1814. Major General Brown Wilkinson, in his “ Memoirs of the Wilkin¬ n«vnr«iriga<3ler G®neral Scott were both son Families,” in speaking of Samuel and severely wounded. An elegant writer says about that memorable contest: “At his brothers during these troubles, says length the enemy broken and foiled at all “they fought valiantly.” P®1^3 retired for the third time, and a Samuel and Plain had six children—• Samuel, John, William, Joseph, Ruth and Kund silence ensued, interrupted only Susanna. by^ltl0i.groan8 of the wounded aDd dying and the monotonous roar of the great’ Ruth married William Hopkins and was waterfall, moaning as It were over this the mother of Stephen Hopkins, for many fatal scene of patricidal strife and mill- years Governor of Rhode Island, and a tary glory. And he calls it the ’• most , signer of the Declaration of Independence; d0Hy contested battle perhaps that had at also of Esex Hopkins, the first Com¬ that time ever oeen fought upon the modore of an American fleet, 1776. American continent.” ^ Another prominent personage among the early descendents of Lawrence Wil¬ n-io cawi8 bravery, ability and success in the several campaigns of the war General kinson was Jemima Wlikepson, the proph¬ Brown received the thanks of Congress etess. She was the daughter of Jeremiah and a gold medal, which, the resolution [son of John, son of Samuel] and Eliz. declared was designed to be "emblematical Amy Whipple, and was born November 29, of his triumphs. The Winter of 1814-15 1752; died July 1,1819. She never married ne spent in Washington, recovering from During her girlhood It is said she was Preparing for another cam- very fond of dress and society, and at¬ palgn as he supposed, in defence of his tended nearly all the social parties In the neighborhood. At about eighteen years of hnmItiaEfd’ ftDd eDJ°ylcg the respect and homage of every patroit. By the Treaty age a religious excitement prevailed In of Ghent in 1815 peace was restored be- Providence, caused by the preaching of the distinguished George Whitfield, which *Greaf §rltaln and the United States dJa8Deral Brown remained in the regu- made a serious impression upon the mind lar army as Msjor General until 1821, when of Jemima, If we may judge from the i change produced in her outward conduct. ri«rSrUhfepdedit.° t.e ^Premecommand un- der the President. In that year he was She was taken ill with a malignant fever, stricken with paralysis, but lived in an and after a long siege arose from her bed, enfeebled condition seven years, depart- suddenly recovered, declaring she had a mission to perform, and she at once com¬ iS9Sti1n8thIes9H ^asfilngton February 24 1828, in the 53d year of his age. menced preaching, and continued doing His remains were deposited In the Con¬ so for forty years. gressional Burying Ground at Washing¬ Rev. Israei Wilkinson states in his ton, and the following inscription appears Memorls ” that upon visiting Yates upon the monument at his grave: “Sacred county, New York, the place where to the memory of General Jacob Brown Jemima established quite a community He was born in Bucks county, Pennsvl- he was pleased to hear prominent people’ speak highly of her benevolence and moral the' d died at ! worth, which was no doubt quite a satis¬ rinaEi 7*! Washington, Commanding faction to him, as David Hudson, in his ruary,1828f.tb® Ar“y’ on ttie 2itb °f Beb- life of Jemima, had placed her among 44 Let bim, who e’er in after d« v« religious impostors. fkali view thIS monument of praise John, the second eon of Samuel and Ieave the patriot sigh ' ’ Plain, was born at his father’s homestead And for his country learn to di^’ in Loqulesett, in Providence, January 25, 1677-8. He left Providence when quite a young man, and from an old record of the Chapman family, now In the possession of Isaac W. Jeans, of Philadelphia, located first In Hunterdon county, New Jersey, where he married Mary. We find him in Wrlghtstown, Bucks *"*- • * A. 1_ _ I many years, and as such was Judge county, In 1713, this being the dlfte or tue Court of Common Pleas. He was a large first deed, which was tor 807 acres, May holder of real estate and gave each of his 27,1713. This tract was on the Neshatnln sons fine farms. He was active and a good and in Warwick, Wrlghtstown and Buck¬ business man, was a member of the ingham townships, near where Rushland j Friends’ MeetlDg at Wrlghtstown, and Is Station Is now located, and Is still known j burled there. A few weeks before he died as the old Wilkinson tract. Mr. Warner he wrote his will,which Is dated February, owns the portion on whleh the first house 1751, proved April 23,1751, and recorded In was built. This house, or rather a portion book 2. p. 225. of It, Is left, but I am sorry to say not In Captain Samuel Wilkinson died August Its original form, for Mr. Warner has 27, 1727, Intestate. The appraisement of turned It Into two tenant houses. It Is his personal property Is on record In located opposite the house Mr. Warner Providence. Joseph was appointed Ad¬ now occupies. ministrator. Joseph was at this time the Several of the old stone stables are still I only son left In the Colony, Samuel, Jr., standing. They were one story and hay having died January 18, 1726 7, John liv¬ mow. Dates are to be found on several of ing in Bucks county, and William had them When I visited there, I either neg¬ gone to England. His estate was ap¬ lected to make a note of the dates or lost I praised at £1,403,14s., lOd. (my memorandum. John and Mary had seven and possibly John Wilkinson returned to Providence i eight children. Mary, born July 17,1708, to settle his father’s estate July 3,1728.1 married August, 1730, Joseph, Chapman; He signed a power of attorney,-with Wil¬ Klssiah..who married Thomas Roes. Kls- liam Hopkins, James Angel!, Josiah Wil¬ etah was the mother of Judge Ro3S, one o kinson and David Wilkinson, to Joseph' Pennsylvania's most celebrated Judges, Wilkinson, to dispose of the lands and and the ancestor of mauy prominent men other property of Samuel, who had re¬ in the legal profession. cently died. A few days later a deed was Plain married Peter Ball, and probably signed, which gives the description of the Susanna, who married Andrew Daws. homestead of Samuel, and was the means Ruth married Joseph Chapman 12th-mo., by which the whereabouts of the Pennsyl¬ 10th, 1739. vania branch of the f&mily was located. I John married Mary Lacey, daughter of give an abstract of this deed, which so John Lacey, and sister of General Lacey, fully establishes the parentage of John May 27, 1740, and secondly Hannah Wilkinson, of Wrlghtstown: Hughes, February, 1770, daughter of “ To all People Before whom this Deed Matthew Hughes. of Salle shall come; Josiah Wilkinson, of Josiah moved to Chester county about Providence, In the colony of Rhode Island 1761. and Providence Plantation, in New Eng¬ Joseph married Barbary Lacey October land, husbandman, and John Wilkinson, 13, 1748, moved to Chester oounty 1762, of Wrights Town, m the county of Bucks, and settled In Springfield township, now in the Province of Pensilvanla; and Wil¬ Delaware; returned to Bucks oounty and liam Hopkins and Ruth, his wife; James ( settled In Solebury; married Sarah Pax- Angel and Susannah, his wife, David (' son, daughter of Henry Paxson, llth-mo, I Wilkinson, Samuel Wilkinson,and Huldah ; 18th. 1778._. JT WilktneoD, Jun., and Ichabod Comstock John (4), son of John (3), Samuel (2), Law¬ and his wife, Zablah; Joseph Arnold, Jr., and his wife, Patience, all of said Provi¬ rence (1), was born in Wrlghtstown, 1711. dence and colony of Rhode Island, above He married first Mary Lacey, daughter of s’d sends greeting: Know ye that we the John Lacey, who mentions bis daughter, said (as above) for and in consideration of 7750 the sum of eeaventy hundred and seaventy Mary Wilkinson, in his will, and leaves pounds current money of New England his sod, John, and son-in-law, John by us In hand already received, and well Wilkinson, executors. For a second wife and truly paid by Joseph "Wilkinson, of John Wilkinson married Hannah Hughes, Providence, In the county of Rhode Island daughter of Matthew Hughes apd grand¬ aforesaid, yeoman the receipt, <&c, &c., daughter of Matthew Hughes, Sr., who have given, granted bargained and sold, represented Bucks In the Assembly 1725 to &cj', &c, in and to all the lands, meadows, 1732 and 1735-1736 and 1737, being a mem¬ common rights of lands, with all the ber from Bucks for twelve years,. He was housing, buildings, fencing, orchards and Justice of the Peace and Judge of 'Court of real estate that our Hon’d father and Common Pleas for many years. Matthew grandfather, Capt. Samuel Wilkinson, of Hughes, Sr., was a resident and ltlnd Providence, above said, deceased, &o., &o., owner In Bucks oounty in 1711. &c., as namely his Homestead fearme John Wilkinson became a very promi¬ where on he dwelt att or near® the place nent and Influential man In Bucks county.' called Loeosqulssett, being in estimation I find hls name more frequently than apy one hundred and 20 acres, bounded, &c,” other on the records as exeeutpr, guar¬ The deed, of which the above Is an ab¬ dian, surety, administrator, &c. He was stract, was signed July 6,1728, and is re¬ a member of the Provincial Assembly, or corded In book 8, p. 424-5 and 6, at Provi¬ House of Representatives, for 1761 and dence. 1762, and member of tfie Convention of the Joseph paid John, as part of the estate above Assembly; Magistrate on Justice of £71, and the following receipt was given; the Court of Common Pleas, 1764, 1770, “ Received then of my brother, Joseph 1773,1774; member Provincial Conference Wilkinson, administrator of his father July 15, 1774. He was appointed at a Samuel Wilkinson’s estate, the sum of meeting held at Newtown, July 9,1774, one seventy-one pounds, in part of a legaoie of a committee to meet at Philadelphia, which was due to me out of my father’s July 15,1774. estate. I say received by me, £71. He was appointed a Lieutenant Colonel “John Wilkinson.” of the Third Bucks County Assoclatprs John, or, as was he known, Judge Wil¬ August 10, 1775. He wps a member of i kinson was a Justice of the Peace for -aulerence, wmon wag noia m Philadel¬ phia) June 18,1776, of all the County Com¬ remains were interred in the Friends' mittees. Thomas McKean was President. buryiDg ground, the funeral beiog at¬ The object was to prescribe a mode' of tended by a very large concourse of electing delegates to a great provincial people of all denominations. Mr. Wilkin¬ convention for forming a new constitu¬ son was a man of very reputable abilities, tion, and the qualifications of electors and of a sound judgment, scrupulously who might vote for delegates, etc. He just in all of bis transactions, free from was a member of Assembly from Bucks bigotry to religion or to party, and a county, 1776,1781 and 1782, and appointed friend to merit whenever It was found. one of a committee to hear the prisoners Asa companion, a friend, a neighbor, a in several goals and discharge same. master, an husband, a fatner, a guardian He was appointed a Justice of the Peace to the orphan and the widow, his life was uid Judge of Court of Common Pleas for amiable and exemplary. He served the Bucks county September 3, 1776; ap¬ people in several important offices with pointed on a committee In reference to In- fidelity and applause, under the old con¬ ilan lands; appointed by Assembly one stitution as well as new. His conduct in of a committee “ to consider, dlaft and re¬ present Revolution was such as entitled port to the House what laws it will be him to the peculiar esteem of all the friends most Immediately necessary should be of this country, but It drew on him the passed at this season.”— Journals of As¬ rage of enthusiastic bigots. sembly, Vol. I., p, 133. “ He was born and educated amoDg the He was appointed by the Assembly one people called Quakers, and was a member of a committee to consider “ an Act for in full standing in the Wrights Town emitting the sum of two hundred thousand Meeting. His life was an ornament to the pounds in bills of credit for the defence of Society. this State and providing a fund for sinki¬ “He mingled not In idle strife and ng the same by a tax on all estates, real furious debates, but lived as became a md personal, and on all taxables within Christian, studying peace with all men. ;he sam sf—May 24. 1777, Journals of As¬ “His principles led him to believe that sembly, Vol. I.,p. 134, defensive war was lawful. He was He was a member of the Committee of strongly attracted to a republican form of lafety for Bucks county and Committee of government and the liberties of the peo¬ lorrespondence of same; member of first ple, and when Great Britain, by her folly Constitutional Convention July 15,1776. and wickedness, made It neeeesaary to The Declaration of Independence had oppose her measures, from judgment and leen reported to Congress and passed by principle he espoused the cause of his very vote of the Colonies on July 4,1776 country. He was unanimously chosen a Che above convention was held in Phlla- member of our convention, and afterwards elphla on the fifteenth. Benjamin served in the Assembly with zeal and in¬ ’ranklln was elected President. The tegrity, becoming a freeman and a Chris¬ tian. members from Bucks were John Wiikin- on, Samuel Smith, (who afterwards mar- i “ This unhappily roused the fesentment led Ann Lacey, daughter of John Wilkin- of the Society with which he was con¬ on), John Keller, William VanHorn, John nected, so that one committee after Irler, Abraham VanMlddlewarts and another were dealing with him and perse¬ oseph Kirkbrlde. The Constitution was J cuting him to give a testimonial renuncia- ompleted on September 28 and soon after wSatYMy were pleased to consider rent In force. the™ J™°rs °f. bis P°litlcal though In Yol. 4, Pennsylvania Magazine Dr ^Tif)1^,wa8J10^ru 15 or orwn. “ The testimony of the meeting against The Pennsylvania Gazette, of June 19, lhli^nrtninhl8h?CCa5l0n heretofore pub- 82, has the following obituary article: ished in this paper. We trust he Is now “°a Friday, the 31st ult., departed this in those mansions where the wicked cease e at Wrightstown, in the county of hb,lDg abh tbe W0arF are at rest?” rcks, John Wilkinson, Esq., in the 71st I have been unable to find a codv of the iar of his age, after a long and painful Gazette which pUbllshad the testimony ness, and on the Sundav following his ferred to above. The British having nosl inoomolete lladelPbIa lE 1778’tbe fll0a are cated at West/ Point, and was a Major in F Col. John Wilkinson and Mary Lacey the regular army. He was promoted dur¬ had five children ing the war to Brevet Major General. He married Ann SimpsoD, of St. Louis, and Is i. Mary, born 1741; died April 10,1802, now living there. . _ ^ . married Stephen Twining, Jth-mo., 18tb, viii. Phlneas Jenks, born October 24, 1765, and had eight children, 1818, married Rebecca Smith; Is living at the Colonnade Hotel, Philadelphia,. Mr. ii. John, married Jane Chapman, April Smith has In his possession his father s 26, 1769, and had four children. original certificate of membership In the in. Stephen, died unmarried, Society of the Cincinnati. it. James, died unmarried, viii. Hannah, married May 22, 179o, t. Rachel, died unmarried.. Abner Reeder, and moved to Trenton, N J. [ By his second wife, Hannah Hughes: ix. Eiisha Wilkinson, John (4), John (3), I vi. Martha, married a Bennett, Samuel (2), Lawrence (1), married first vii, Ann. Lacey, married Captain Sam¬ Anna Duugan, (April 11, 1792), daughter of uel Smith, of Plneville, Bucks county, and Ellas DungaD, of Northampton, Bucks had eight children. county, and Diana (Ogden ?), and had four viii. Hannah, married Abner Reeder children. ^ . , . and moved to Trenton. . John, a lawyer of Doylestown. John xx. Elisha, married first, Anna Dungan; married a Hemphill; died December 9,1830. secondly, Maria Whiteman. Ogden Dungan was Interested In the I have a portrait of Colonel John Wil¬ construction of the Delaware and Raritan kinson In uniform, and one of his wife Canal, and moved to Trenton, 1832, and Hannah Hughes. Joslah Wilkinson, eon married March 6, 1834. Sarah Snowhill, of John and Mary (Walker ?/, lived for a daughter of George Dill, of that city. time in Warwick township, and after¬ They had three chlldfen, twins died in in¬ wards moved to Chester, county. Mr. fancy, and Frederick Redlnger Wilkinson, Charles Benjamin Wilkinson, of Philadel¬ who graduated at PrlncetoD, class of 57, phia, is a descendant of Joslah,. and has married Harriet Foiwell; had three chil¬ spent considerable time In genealogical dren, two living, Ogden D. Wilkinson, in research. He vie)ted Bishop Wilkinson, of Philadelphia, and Elizabeth D., married Durham county, .England, and has photo¬ Louis Gompertz de Voy, and lives in graphs of the old house at Lanehester; Pori's FtSiBCBi also considerable data in reference to pur Hannah married Chrlspin Blackfan. She English ancestors, gathered In Durham was his second wife, he having married county, and fcom old manuscripts .at the her sister, Elnor or Eleanor, for his hrst British Museum In London. wife. The family of Ogdeu Wilkinson Joseph, another brother of Colonel John Blackfan, deceased, are now living In Wilkinson, lived for a time in Bucks Trenton,N. J. county, and moved to Chester county. Elisha Wilkinson married for his second Taking up the children of Oolpnel John wife Marla Whiteman and had six chil¬ Wilkinson and Mary Lacey- dren. Sarah Ann died In Trenton, N. J., i. Mary married.StephenTwinlng and had 1880, unmarried. Ross was educated at eight children. Mary Ann,Ai granddaugh¬ West Point, was a major during the late ter of Mary and Stephen Twining, married war, and was for a time on General A. J. Eleazer Wilkinson, who was a grandson Smith’s staff. He married Hannah Ann of John, brother of Mary. They were Foiwell and had two ohlldren. After the therefore pouslns. war Ross purchased a targe plantation in xi. John married JaneChapman April 26, Louisiana, and was United States Mar¬ 1769; had four children-—John, died in In¬ shall of the district at the time of his fancy; Abraham, Ellas and Amos. Abra¬ death, 1880. ham married Mary Twining, of Warwick, His son, Henry Olay, was educated at and had Jane, John, Abraham, Samuel T. West Point, was Adjutant In Ool. E. Wood¬ and Eleazer. man Regiment, 44 P. V. M., during the in. Stephen did not marry; died March, late war. , . 1786;. will proved April 11,1786; left his es¬ Samuel Smith left Bucks county when tate to his step-mother, brothers and quite young. He was In the navy, helped sisters. to fire salute at Galveston whan Texas was it Tamer did not marry. annexed to the United States, and served t. Rachel. I during the Mexican War. He died In By the second wife, John Wilkinson and ! Dallas, Texas, February 28,1879, unmar Hannah Hughes, there were four chil¬ ried. Edward Blackfan was a dentist dren : went to Huntsville, Ala , and died durluH tj. Martha, who married a Bennett. a visit abroad In Paris of cholera June 20 vii. Arm Lacey, who married Captain I 1854. aged 25; burled at Mount Parmasse Samuel Smith, ana lived at Plneville. Paris; was unmarried. Elisha died It Samuel Smith was a Captain during the Revolution and Brigadier General of the Algernon Logan, born October 22,1821,' Second Division of the first brigade of moved to Huntsville, Ala., In 1844, married militia during the war of 1812-14. They Laura Erskln. He was a physician, had had eight children: three children. Dr. Wilkinson is no\s i. George W., married Isabel Reynolds, living In R'chmond, Va. of Kittanning, Pa. The first wife of Colonel Elisha Wilkin ii. Abner Reeder, died aged 28. son was of one of the oldest fami.lee li in. Elisha Wilkinson, born March 26, Pennsylvania. H°,r father, Ellas Dunga 1800, died October, 1863. I was a soldier during, the Revolution, w iv. Samuel Anderson, married Mary ! a prominent member of the Southampt' Nunns, of New York, I Baptist Church, and was deacon for ma. T. Thomas Ross, died at New Orleans, I years. He was the son of Clement Dung; of yellow fever, 1829. I and Eleanor John, daughter of Samu vi. Margery Ann, married Isaac Van- John, grandson of Jeremiah Dungan at Horn and died 1839. Mary Drake, all of Northampton towi vii. Andrew Jackson, born 1815; edu¬ ship, and great grandson of Rev. Thomas phia Yearly Meetfng^^pffl^Jf^ Dungan and Elizabeth Weaver, daughter of Clement Weaver and Mary Freeborn. which was probably adopted by the Rev, Thomas Dungan’s son William Monthly Meeting of Philadelphia a few came to Bucks county In 1683, and Thomas days afterwards. This testimony was pre¬ In 1684, and settled at Cold Spring, near sented to Bucks Quarterly Meeting on Bristol, where he received a grant of 200 June 17th, 1692, and also approved by that acres from William Penn. He was the meeting. son of William Dungan, of St. Martin’s In THE KE1THIAN DISSENSION. the Fields, Middlesex, England, and Francis Latham, daughter of Lewis Being by this action disowned by the Latham, falconer to King Charles I. r,riends, Keith and his adherents, who rap- Francis, at the time William Dungan mar¬ idiy inpreaseil in numbers, set up meetings ried her, was the widow of Lord Weston. at Philadelphia, Neshaminy, Burlington, William and Francis had four chtldren-^- and several other places, in which they as- Barbara, born 1628, married James Barker; sumed the names of “Christian Quakers William; Francis, born 1680, died 1607, married Randall Holden; Thomas, born and Friends,” and in turn proceeded to In England, married Elizabeth Weaver. disown their opponents by issuing a coun¬ William Dungan died 1636. His will, ter testimony signed by twenty-eight mem- ! proved October 5, 1636, wife Francis, hers, thereby causing much bitterness of executrix, mentions the above children. feeling amongst Friends and others in Phil- After William Dungan died Francis mar¬ adelphxa and the surrounding country. In ried Jeremiah Clark and came to America. recording the stirring events of those They located in Providence, R, I.. Jere¬ miah Clark was one of the first proprietors .<#*®!’Janney’the Q“aker historian, says: of Providence, and when Roger Williams Keith s papers were drawn up with much returned from England, September, 1644, adroitness and had a considerable influence with his new charter, John Ooggeshall upon many Friends, and a widespread was the first President, 1646, am Jeremiah schism ensued. ‘Father and son, husband Clark the second president of the colony and wife, friends and relations, that had of Rhode Island, 1647. usually worshipped together, though still Thomas Dungan was likely In Provi¬ professors of the same faith in the main dence by 1640. After the death of Jere¬ were now seen going to different places of miah Clark, Francis his widow married worship.’ ” for a fourth husband, Rev. William Vaughan. During this period of dissension, now rw w w wm-w v * eg v-nr-! 77-rg- qr *) J U J • • only an interesting historical reminiscence, and which was prolific in religions contro- versies, a number of virulent polemical pamphlets, emanating largely from Eng- land, burdened with malice and too often with scurrility, made their appearance in this country, some of the originals, rudely printed by one “Charles Brorne, at the mm, m London, being now in possession of the Philadelphia Library Company. Their contents can be understood from their titles, one of which was “The Snake ? I-1 ?ra!8- and the reply to it was “An Antidote for the Venom of the Snake.” These pubhcations were continued in Eng¬ land for some time after Keith went back THE OLD SCHOOL BAPTISTS. to London, in 1694, but were not attributed to him. In 1700 Keith was ordained a RIEP HISTORY OP SOUTHAMPTON CHURCH_- priest^ m the Anglican Church and came to THE DELAWARE RIVER ASSOCIATION America again, when he founded St. Mary’s sf riShry °f the 0ld Southampton Bap- Episcopal Church, Burlington, New Jersey. He died in 1714, and thus ended one of the notable religious controversies of colonial dayf;. his death, however, the ™ ■»toS™£g S'a“K; k«?. Keithian Meetings, fifteen in number, were omjhistoryofearJy^Pennsylvania. George about broken up. A part of his adherents f ed?cat«d Sc°teman, and for years followed him into the Episcopal Church iter of Tniatf uud controversial some returned in reconciliation to the So- iCiety of Friends, while others became Pres- merica in lfiS4neHd8’ left Ea8land ^ menca in 1684, after five months’ im [ byterians and Baptists, and it is to the lat¬ SSffr in Newirate for teaching school" ter that the Southampton Church directly owes its origin. 3 S if PhiSi -e appuared within the ' ntB of Philadelphia in The Keithian Baptists of Southampton W England retU™.ng from a trip to commenced their worship in the house of tltions8 fn dfLbTn- hls tr°ubleeome do¬ John Swift, about 1691, and upon his re¬ tations in the Society of Friends intro moval to Philadelphia continued to hold Ce»! h6W do?trine8> which caused wide-" f™ 1J? DieTiouse''of Peter Chamberlain: in 1762 a lot of ground upon which to build tryianaryfand^to^Rhnf^ to Rhode Island. fr,u,!TJg Histhem lUKini,, from a church, and a glebe of 112 acres to sup¬ :oming more intolerant from day to day port it, were given by John Morris. The t wen tv eight fi?a-lly siSned against him church retained connection with the Penne- twenty-eight. ministers of the Philadel- jpack Church until 1745, when it became a \,.v; separate witn Joseph as the pastor. In tile rear of the church, THE DELAWARE hiVE^SSOCUTIOI^ along with several generations of the people fV,fl-Siated before, an important eveml of Southampton, is the grave of John Watt, a ,the old Southampton Chur- one of the earliest Keithian preachers, who took place m 1835. That year the conS died in 1702, and also the grave of Joseph gation separated from the Philadelphi Potts, who died in 1761. During the next Baptist Association, and the Delaware Rm forty years there were several pastors, Association was constituted by messengli amongst them being William Vanhorne, from this church and from several church who was chosen in 1772. He continued to in New Jersey, who met at Kingwood Ne> preach to the people until January 1st, 1778, Jersey, in October, and Southampton cm gregatlon became' a body '^®^ C°r when he resigned to join Washington’s Baptists. Schoc C:; army at Valley Forge, serving as brigade chaplain until 1780. In that year he re¬ ? title 18 given to this orde sumed charge of the Southampton Church, because they hold the doctrin resigned again, afterwards was a member and order expressed in the “London Cnn of the convention which framed the first « of ” adopted in England i! State Constitution of Pennsylvania, and 1689, especially with regard to the subjecti died in the western part of the State in of predestination and election, and doJ no 1807. unite with or favor any religious societiei LATER HISTORY. or organizations but the church, nor ^gS In the year 1801 Thomas B, Montanye, I r1/0"",.0 service for which they dc anH a8i ^bink, a literal command of Warwick, New York, was called, and and example in the New Testament. The had the care of the church until his death, separation between them and the far lareer in 1829. He is said to have been a man of “u:^P.ber of Baptists, with whom they differ superior ability, and loved and honored by on these points, took place in this country all the community. His wife survived him and in Engknd about 1830. Another point for thirty-two years. They had eleven Schnif n!Df rih&t the Primitive or Old children, and at the time of her death, in school Baptists do not give to their minis- 1861, she was survived by 65 grandchildren, “EhW °Ther htl® than that of “Mr-” or 213 great-grandchildren, and a number of j.der. The reason they assign for not great-great-grandchildren. Among Mon- usmg Reverend” is that in the Sonly place tanye’s descendants is the Hon. Harman gn q **'( ff^urea where it is used, Psalms Yerkes, Judge of the Bucks County Courts. 9. it is applied to „ re name of the LprrJ From 1829 the pastors have been James B. Ihe denomination Has no organizedinizea mi Bowen, Alfred Earle, William Sharp, Daniel sionary societies, nor any traveling evang L. Harding, William J. Purrington and lists. Silas H. Durand, the present pastor, for¬ The denomination is very numerous i merly of Herrick, Bradford county, who Georgia and other parts of the South, bij has been pastor since April 12th, 1884. few in numbers and almost unknown i ' Though in charge of no other church, Pennsylvania. In Georgia there are forH Elder Durand preaches at Salisbury, Mary¬ associations, many of them having fori land, every fifth Sunday, visits and preaches churches in each, while the Delaware Rivi. in Canada three times a year, and also in¬ Association, which embraces a large part t cludes in his circuit remote preaching Pennsylvania and New Jersey, includes bd| places in Kentucky. six churches. In 1849 thirty-three members, together The sessions of the Association are an with their pastor, Alfred Earle, seceded pointed to be held at Southampton one, from the Southampton Church on account every three years, “commencing on Wed, of differences of opinion regarding various nesday before She first Sunday in June' matter s of church polity, and organized at 10 A. M.” The 63d annual assembling the Davisville Baptist Church at the house took place at Southampton Church on June of Jesse L. Booz, in that village. This 2d, 3d and 4th. The business proceedings church is perhaps stronger numerically to¬ occupied but a very few hours each day day than is the parent body. The South¬ and the balance of the time was devoted to ampton Church was connected with the preaching. Elder Silas H. Durand, pastoi Philadelphia Baptist Association until the of the Southampton Church, and Moder¬ formation of the Delaware River Associa¬ ator of the Association, is authority for the tion, in October, 1835, when it became one statement that it is largely the custom in of the constituent churches of that body. the South when such meetings are held to One of the first Sunday schools in the preach” a number of men, and it is fre¬ county was organized here in 1814 or 1815. quently a subject of conversation about Among its superintendents were William how many had been “preached,” as the;, Purdy, Jacob Wright, Christopher Search term it, at this or that Association. Ther, and John Davis. It was a pioneer school. was no lack of preaching at the Delawar. For years no other Sunday school was held River Association, as several leading mem in all this section of country, and people bers were present as fraternal messenger came for miles to see how it was conducted. fw™ Associations in other States. Thf It was discontinued many years ago, am! preachers on Wednesday were Elders W Sunday schools are not now encouraged by J.Carnell, of Tennessee; Charles Bogardon this branch of the Baptists. For many of New York, and D. M. Yale, of Pennsyl¬ years a classical school was kept in an old vania; on Thursday, Elders William Graf¬ stone school house near the church, which ton, of Maryland; J. M. Dadger, of Vir- at one time was taught by Rev. Isaac Eaton. ginia; L. JEL Hardy, of North Carolina, and Curry, of Cincinnati, Ohio; Elders Afaimaz Mbllott, of New York, and A. B. Francis. Next year the Association will meet at , Hopewell, N. J. Hum of the Bee.” During the exercises tak^n0th5rwu ;Of the asaemblage was vdlle? b" Wlliiato L- Kapp, of RiegeJs-

PrSden^'nMi Hindenach, of Durham, president 01 the association since its or ODming0thflmade au excellent address in '66St?r,?nh exerci&es- m which he said: Kg as we do to-day many cen- ♦iwTrr*? eyon(* the ..period-period orof time wherwhen the early settlers ot this immoHiotn mmiaffyifflHt,-ers ot tbis immediate com Date, w ri „ ’ battiu.a«nngmg against the storm wavewaves lik«???of adversityrSlty thattbat presentedPresented themselves and ^armountabie barriers to progress mistakJhmCefme,Dt’ ?et leayi°S their un- ffm? thorf foot-Prmts on the sands of time, there occurs to my mind at this a^dVtffn^ m°St -uni<3ue> instructive BUCKWAMPUN. and fftting passages™ m the entire realm of literature, namely: ‘These are th? Tenth Annual Meeting Held ir?sheeadCin6ch?fhHfcr0ritUS’ which be Pub- fromd?cav H??6 thereDy Preserving J at Riegelsville. | men have done? rememD1™ of what purpose, as an association, as I i understand it, is to follow the example of Valuable Historical Papers Read at the ?Pf Rreat leader Heroditus in the ho*pe ot Assembling of the Historical and Lite¬ thereby preserving from decay the re I ^e“?rance °J wljat men and women rary Association of Upper Bucks County mntid0tea“j are now doing in North- 6 “Th?CkDanid adJacent counties. —A Large Crowd in Attendance. Lite^BAUCkwa“pun Historical and AssoSlatlor:i’ through the per¬ sistent efforts of its members, has alread v The tenth annual meeting of the Buck- produced mu>>h invaluable material to warnpun Historical and Literary Asso¬ begum31 Mst0riau aud the work " only ciation was held Saturday afternoon in Friends, it affords me an unusual He the grove on the grounds of the school ^eoof pleasure to state that Sty we house on the hill above the pretty village ftanding on historic soil. Durham of Riegelsville. Within sight and less and the beautiful Durham Valley nres than a mile distant is the northern lveo??hZnTehrCb-a^iris panorama to the boundary line of Bucks county at the foot of a range of hills that separate Northampton from its parent, one ot the original trio, and upon every side were SS *® bJSMSs sr ss beautiful landscape prospects, whether it lay in our own county or across the his¬ ™A«y mementos carved on stnno toric and placid Delaware in New Jersey. the story of their having oJouniedthi Lhe meeting place was admirably adapted to the purposes ot the gathering and’ th?ir c??toms, their mode of living and was unusually well attended by an vancemente o uttempts in the ad? intelligent and representative audience artsaTd ?ust?mshlgher Standard> their ot the community, notwithstanding the s busy season of the farmer who desired to take advantage of the one pleasant day J^hbei„^ur,rpTdar;'aS es s tc diligently prosecute their hay making a al.lver ribbon, among the hills and and upon almost every farm could be mountains and palisades, he was struck heard the hum ot the mower or busy farm hands were seen turning or raking hay, bantrTde,r, a“d admiratfon Upon S crop6 0tiiers were engaged housing the The speakers’ stand was decorated with the national colors and designs made of ssks Xifcsil" held daisies, and from it were read some “srr,wi,h “» ot the most interesting papers read be¬ fore the association. The exercises, which continued from half-past one to nearlv ftyTp. Twites Das?rh;,i he’t?0 l6d by m!:o the dim past since kve o clock, were interspersed with vocal the white man nrst trod the hills S music by Riegelsville talent. An enjoy¬ valleys of this locality. As earlv as 169S able feature was tlnj singing of three little Durham was known and valued for uf eir.s with autoharp accompaniment at ores of iron and a tribe of Indians was the beginning and close of the exercises. lue guffs were Florence Bean, with auto¬ toJroteact°?hem? present iron ore deposits harp, Katie Stover and Leona Wirth. A sextette of young ladies, Misses Lillian JL. Bean, Laura Hoffman, Lizzie Hoff¬ man, Bertha Wardell, Anna Wirth and Mary Poore, sang ‘ QueeD of the Night;” ana lts enterprising citizens ! Blisses Laura Hoffman and Hattie Stout ■ y mind, through the law of association duet' “I Would that My Love,” wanders back to 1682-1730 when thi? and Clarence N. Bean a bass solo. “The locality was the site of a Shawnese at Line Lexington, nassing through Mian village. What a busy sceriemust Hilltown, Blooming Glen, Hagersville, nave presented itsell at that time. Here Applebachsvillje and Pleasant Valley, might have been seen droves of pack and which wasopened in 173S. horses, loaded with iron trom Andover “Some Olden Time Residents ot the furnace, following the road along the Nockamixon Flats,” was the subject oi north side oi the Musconetcong, pass¬ the paper presented by Rev. S. S. Diehl, ing Bloomburg, Greenwich and Chelsea of Kintnersville, and which dealt with forges to the Delaware river landing. the lamilies oi Benjamin 'Williams and Here the manufactured iron was trans¬ John Pursell. ferred from the backs of horses on board John A. Ruth, oi Bethlehem, read an the historic Durham boat and shipped to able and exhaustive paper on the subject New Hope, Trenton and Philadelphia. oi “Oor German Ancestors.” “The history of the Durham boat, of “The Swamp ot Bucks County, Its which the people ol this community are Character and Its People,” was the topic justly proud, is most intimately and of an excellent paper by A. B. Haring, inseparably linked with that of the cashier of the Frenehtown National Revolutionary struggle. Bank, and dealt with that portion oi the : “When dark clouds of dire foreboding county which covers about 50 square 1 were suspended above the infant republic, miles in Nockamixon, Bridgeton and when the friends of free government be¬ Tinicum townships. gan to doubt the ultimate success of the Rev. O. H. Meicbor, of Springtown, little patriot baud, the heart of him who read biographical sketches ot “The Pio¬ wras first in peace, first in war and first neer Preachers of Durham,” Rev. Henry in the hearts of his countrymen, was S. Miller and Rev. C. F. Welden, D. D. cheered on receiving consignment after “Isaac and Pontiac Nutimus,” Indian Consignment of cannon balls cast at Dur¬ chiefs who lived and died in the upper ham and transported down the Delaware part of Bucks county, were the subjects river on Durham boats to the seat of war. ol a paper by Miss Nora E. Grim, Re- Ah, more than that! It was on Durham vere. boats that had been pressed into service Rev. C. B. Weaver, ot Ferndale, made : that Washington transferred his half- a briet address upon "Thoughts of Our frozen army across the turbulent waters Sunday Schools,” which he claimed tx oi the Delaware, which resulted in sur-1 isted before Christ, tor the Jewish people Torising and capturing the 'dissipated gathered together for the study of the Hessian horde at Trenton and caused ! Word. the star oi hope once more to rest in the Henry Hinkle, of Riegelsville, read an drooping hearts of all patriotic Ameri- able paper on “Our Native I Birds;” Asa cans. Frankenfield, of Keller’s Church, on “Although every spot in the entire sur¬ “Keller’s Church,” and Miss Clara R. rounding community is historic ground, Laubach, of Riegelsville, on the“Dur-: I am mindiul of the tact that there are I ham Cave,” a natural curiosity oi Bucks other localities represented here this county now almost destroyed. afternoon whose record we are anxious Thenext meeting ot the Buckwampuu hear, which suggests brevity on my Historical and Literary Association will part. be held at the of Nocka¬ “Notwithstanding the fact that the! mixon on the Second Saturday of June, withering hand ot financial depression 1898. This is a picturesque spot aud con¬ and want is resting heavily on the people tains one of the most curious ot Nature’s of all the sections of our fair land and all works, being one oi the two fields oi the various channels ot human industry musical rocks in the county, and is the and activity more or less depressed and property ot A. B. Haring, oi Frenehtown, paralyzed, still it is gratifying to notice who purchased the ground from the gov¬ that every earnest effort in the way of ernment to save it from ruthless destruc¬ scientific investigation and historic re¬ tion by the rock crusher. search, every effort to develop the.human T.he gentlemen who labored indetatiga- mind and stimulate it to higher and bly and with success in making the meet¬ nobler aspirations in life receives a great¬ ing of Saturday interesting and instruct¬ er degree ot support by the people at ive were the President and Secretary, C large than at any time in the past. E.Hindenach.ot Riegelsville, and Charles “And now, ladies and gentlemen, it be¬ Laubach, of Riegelsville, and the Com¬ comes my privilege once more on behalf mittee of Arrangements, Lee S. Clymer of the citizens of Riegelsville and Dur¬ John B. Poore, Dr. J. S. Johnson, George ham to extend to you a most cordial i W. Bachman, Captam Mathias Lebnen welcome to this the tenth annual meet¬ Jordan F. Stover, Samu6l Dilgaru ing of our association, cherishing the George Probasco and Henry H, Young hope that your briet sojourn among us ken. this afternoon may be as pleasant and profitable as your memory of the past and your most sanguine dreams oi the future.” E. M, Hartman, of Applebachsville, read the first paper, which was “A Study of Family Names,” being and exposition From,. ot names, a subject with which he is thoroughly iamiiiar. As all the papers read at the meeting will be published in full in subsequent issues of the Intelli¬ gencer, it is pot necessary to give ab¬ stracts of them at this time. Miss Lizzie Yost, of Kintnersville, took up the history of “The Bethlehem Road,” which leaves Philadelphia at Chestnut Hill and enters Bucks county there were lively boisterous men t... ding there, joking and merry-making was kept up until a late hour. Most of the men took supper at the hotel in the even¬ ing, but In the morning they usually took a “bite” from the provision wallet which eaoh carried, and set out about 4 or 5 Sketch of the Famous Highway o’clock. Starting at Flourtown about 4 p. m. they would reach the market about 9. Through Bucks. The Black Horse Hotel, on Second street, -——. . was a popular stopping place for Spring- field farmers. Another well-known hos¬ A LEGACY OP COLONIAL DAYS. telry was the White Horse on Third street. The sales were made In the Inn yard. Upon reaching the hotel the horses were A. Paper Read Before the Backwain- ungeared, and the farmer was then ready pun Historical and Literary Society for his customers. Prices were ascertained by the newcomers from those returning at Riegelsville, June 19, 1897, by from market, when meeting out of town. Miss Lizzie Yost, of Kintnersvllle. Parties from upper Bucks used together a great many shellbarks and chestnuts, The “ Old ” Bethlehem road leaves Phila¬ and take them to market. Leaving their delphia county at Chestnut Hill, and en¬ wagons standing in the shed ever night, they sometimes awoke to find their stock ters Bucks county at Line Lexington, appreciably lessened through sundry leaks «eslng through Hllltown, Blooming Glen, which the sacks had sprung during the agersvllle, Applebachsvllle, Pleasant night. | Valley, Hell«rtown, &e. The road was Teams from points farther north carried partly tanned leather, which was finished opened In 1738 to Nathan Irish’s stone in Philadelphia; also raw whiskey, hard¬ quarries at Iron Hill, east of Bethlehem, ware, etc. A considerable portion of the and to Bethlehem and Nazareth In 1745. return loads was made up of Iron whloh had been used In building the “ arks ” In The “New” Bethlehdm road was laid which coal was conveyed from the coal I out later on an Indian trail. Beginning regions to Philadelphia. These boats I at Line Lexington, it passes through were loaded with their cargoes and then f Sellersville and Quakertown and at Coop- allowed to float down the river. Upon ar¬ ' ersburg unites with the older routes to riving at their destination they were Bethlehem. broken up and the iron hauled back to be The old Bethlehem road was an Impor¬ used In constructing new boats. tant highway from Philadelphia to Beth¬ Staging over the old Bethlehem road lehem, Mauch Chunk, Wilkeebarre, etc. was begun September 10th. 1763,by George It Is said that as many as one hundred Klein. The route was liberally patron¬ heavy teams passed by one point In the ized. The coach left Philadelphia at 4 a. road In one day; some of them being from m. for Bethlehem or Allentown, the old points as far distant as Wilkesbarre. and the new road connecting at Line In early times most of the traffic from Lexington. The “ down ” stage left the Durham and upper Bucks was carried on two points at the northern ends of theline by means of pack-horses. This was con¬ at 7 a. m. About 1848 the stages were run tinued as late as 1760. From twenty-five “ turn about.” The stage from Allentown J - to fifty horses were tied tandem and loaded made a down trip on the new road the day - with produce and started toward their des¬ that the stage on the old made a return 1 tination along Indian trails, which were trip, and vice versa. The passengers and at times quite circuitous, as it Is well the mail were carried by the same coach. known that Indians followed water Since the opening of the North Penn, rail¬ U courses to easy fording places. When road the stage coaches have been done sufficient produce had been collected In a away with and the mail carried with one neighborhood to venture a trip to Phila¬ horse. delphia or New York, several guides and a Of the old drivers probably the olny posse of guards well armed were procured representative now living Is Ephraim and the train of animals being in line, the Wleder, of Lehnenburg, one of the drivers < trip commenced. The way led through on the new road. General Paul Applebach an almost untrodden wilderness, full of was the last proprietor of the stage coach savages and frontier robbers. The trip line. from Bethlehem and Easton to Philadel¬ It was over the old Bethlehem road that phia required two days in Summer and Lafayette was conveyed to the hospital at three or more In Winter and Spring. Bethlehem after being wounded at Later, farmers along the route of the Brandywine. He spent two weeks at the Bethlehem road drove to the Philadelphia hotel at Pleasant Valley, being too 111 to market with wagons loaded with produce. continue the journey. It Is said that Springfield farmers frequently started Washington’s coach In times long ogone Sunday noon and returned Wednesday. also stopped at this place. This hotel, Others started Tuesday, and returned Sat¬ now a private dwelling, and occupied by urday. W. G. Gressman, was built probably be¬ Favorite stopping places for farmers tween 1763 70, and Its massive walls and going to market were Flourtown, Line carved doorways look ready to bid de¬ Lexington, and Trewlg’s hotel, about a fiance to the ravages of time for some mile below the latter place. time yet to come. A great many of the men stopping for During the Revolution the hotel passed the night slept on the floor of the bar¬ into the hands of Henry Eckels, said to room, on their feed bags. These were laid have been one of the first temperauce men In rows, and thus the sturdy farmers of the vicinity. He cut down the elgn- passed the night. Occasionally _when board and emptied thellquorln thegutter. who afterwards came to Pennsylvania,) aong other thiDgs was a quantity or ■ were sent to gaol in Chester for being at a ' cherry bounce,” for the cnernes of reeling at the house of Thomas Janney, which the plge showed a li^D^ and in consequence became intoxicated. Mr. in Pownall Fee. Eckels sank a tanyard near the Cook We knew little further of the events in creek at Pleasant Valley, and had a sad¬ the life of the elder Janney. There was a Thomas Janney who was Mayor of Stock- dler’s shop where were made saddles and port In 1639; he was probably not the same harness for use In the army during tne person as the father of the Councilor, a= the latter would most likely have been too ^In° *1805-6 an effort was made to incor¬ porate a company for the .Improvement of young In 1639 to hold euch a position; yel the old Bethlehem road through Bllltown, it is possible that he might haveLeen the but without success. Not until 1849 was same, and la later life moved to the ccun.ry. Stockport Is one of the princi¬ the project again revived, when a dis¬ pal towns In Cheshire, and Is only three or tance of 5 1-1 miles between Line Lexing¬ ton and Mount Pleasant was piked. In four miles from the border of Pownall Fee 1853 the Bllltown and Sellersville Turn¬ township, being like the latter, in the pike Company Improved the road between northern part ot Macclesfield Hundred. Thomas Janney, Sr, died 12th-month, the two towns. In 1861 the Quakertown and Sellersvllle Company improved the 17 t, 1677, and his widow, Elizabeth, died mil-month, 19th, 1681; they were both road between these two points. The old milestones set up more than a burled at Mobberly, where most of the family were also burled Mobberly was a hundred years ago are still preserved in. parish of Bucklow Hundred, and its parish seme localities. church and graveyard were about five vvVWww A W wit,, miles southwest of that of Wilmslow. Mobberly had probably been the parish of earlier generations of the family. If our presumption Is correct-, that Thomas and Elizabeth were the parents of Thomas Janney, the Pennsylvanian, their children were as follows: (1) Thomas, the subject of this sketch; probably the eldest child. 12) Mary; she married either John Ban¬ croft, of Etchels, Cheshire, or Robert Pier¬ son, of Pownall Fee; the records of Cheshire Monthly Meeting mention the marriages of two Mary Janneys in 1663, the husbands’ names being as above. (3) William; he married Tth-mo. 30th, 1671, Deborah Webb (4) Henry; he mauled lst-mo. 16th, 1672-3, Barbara Bsguley. THOMAS JANNEY. (5) Martha; married 12th-mo. 12th, 1672, Hush Burgess, of Pownall Fee. (6) Margaret; She died young, ltth-mo. 11th, 1673. and was burled at Mobberly. Provincial Councillor of tlie (7) Randle; he died young, 3d-mo. 17th, 1674; buried at Mobberly. Province of Pennsylvania. It may b8 of Interest to give soma par¬ ticulars of Thomas Jacney’s two brothers, William and Henry, as some of the chil¬ A Paper Read Before the Midsummer dren ot both emigrated to Pennsylvania. William Janney removed from his Meeting; of the Bucks county Historical father’s house to a place usually called Hanford, more correctly Handforth, in society at Galloway's Ford, July 20th, Cheadie parish, also In the Hundred c-f Macclesfield, before 1671. " He belonged to 189?, fey Oliver Hough. the Society of Friends, and le mentioned In Besse’s “ Sufferings.” . He was among Thomas Janney was born in Cheshire those sent to gaol at Chester in 1666. for bring at a meeting at his father’s house In England, about 1633. Although we have Pownall Fee; and in 1683he lost 16pounce, no direct proof, (that is, none known at 5 shilling?, by the statute against Popish this time,) It appears almost certain that recusants, which was applied to the he was the son of Thomas and Elizabeth Quakers. .. William Janney married 7th-montn 30tb, Janney, who lived In Pownall Fee town¬ 1671, at Thomas Taylor’s house In Staf¬ ship, Wilmslow parish, which was In Mac¬ fed. Deborah Webb, of Inkstrey (id Staf¬ clesfield Hundred, Cheshire. fordshire?) They lived alltbelr married life In Hanford, and their chll ren were Thomas Janney, Sr., (whom we suppose, born there. Deborah dledath-month 20th, as above, to be the father of the subject of, 1701, aeed about 54 years. After his wife’s our sketch,) joined the Society of I rlends death William moved to Morley, a dis¬ a short time after that body came into ex¬ trict in Pownall Fee township, where he istence, and he is mentioned several times died on 8th month 4th, 1724. aged about S6 in their early annals. In Besse e Suf¬ years. They were both burled at Mob¬ ferings of Friends” several instances of his berly. Their children were: being persecuted for bis faltb are re¬ (1) Joseph; born 7th-mo. 7th, 1672. ported; In 1653 he suffered distress of (2) Annie; born 7th-mo. 3d., 1674. Noth¬ goods for going to meeting; in 1664 he was ing further is known of these two. Imprisoned for refusing to pay tithes; In (S) Randle; born 2d-mo. lOtb, 1677, went 1666 a number of persons (among tnem his son, William Janney, and James Harrison, w 79

to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and became i a wealthy merchant there. He Is men- temporarily at Hanford Besse also re- ', tinned In the correspondence between 1D 1671 ancl 1673 Thomas Janney William Penn and James Logan, In hls suffered In goods for refusing to pay will, made in 1715, he left a bequest to his tlthe=; this was probably our subject, but father, William Janney, of Morley, In ib0eP hls father> It la said Cheshire, and mentions his brother i,.-?neuWab also imprisoned several times, Thomas, who also came to Philadelphia, in 1669 he was preaching In Ireland. his cousin Abel Janney, (3on of his uncle Thomas Janney’s residence in Cheshire Thomas) and a number of othar relatives patriot called Stye', inPownall and friends. He married 8th-mo. 31, 1701, Fee township. A letter to him from In Philadelphia, Mtg. Frances Rlghton. Pemberton dated 5th-mo 3d, 1682, (4) Thomas; born 3j-mo 18th., 1679. He requesting him to come to the funeral of preceded his brother Randle to Philadel¬ the latter s daughter, Ann, Is addressed phia, and afterwards applied, through nibo,!?as„ J®Dn8y> Shaddow Moss, Ranole, for a certificate from the Monthly S^ahire- This was near the village of Meeting held at Morley. There Is no StyaJ, in th8 district of the same name. record of his ever being married. He married 9th-month 24th. 1660, at the (5) Mary; born 6th-mo. 17th, 1681; she house of James Harrison, In Pownall Fee, married George Pawiey; they are men¬ Margery Heath, of Horton. James Har- tioned In her brother Randle’s will. r,son, at whose house they were married (6) William; born3d-mo.31st, 1683. Noth¬ was a well-known minister of the Society ing further known of i? rlends, and afterwards became very (7) Elizabeth; born-, died prominent In public affairs in Pennsyi- —mo. lltb, 1701; burled at Mobberly. LaVl?u ,^e had married in 1655 Anne Henry Janney, brother of Thomas, the Heath, sister to Margery. Councilor, married lst-month 16th, 1672 3, After W illiam Penn obtained the grant Barbara'Baguely, of Stockport, and they Thomas Janney removed took up their residence In that town, to that province, sailing In the ship En- where her family lived. About 1680 they . which ariived 7th-month 29th, went to Adswood, In Cheadle Parish; this 1683, bringing his wife and four children, place we have not been able to locate at Jacob Thomas, Abel and Joseph. In the the present time. About 1685 they moved Philadelphia list cf arrivals his name is to Eaton Norris, In Lancashire, where \ ‘Janeway ” and his wife’s name given Henry died, 6th-month, 3d, 1690; he was af ” In fhe Bucks county list burled at Mobberly. Henry and Barbara or settlers che names are given correctly Janney had Issue: Ic the former he Is said to be from (1) Elizabeth; born 9th-mo. 7th, 1677, at , i?,0??,1’- , Cheshire, and in the latter Stockport, After her parents died she Mia! Cheshire, both correct, though and her sisters Mary and Tabitha went to misspelt. He brought twoservants: John Pniiadelphia to be under the care of their JN leff, to serve 5 years and to have 50 acres relatives there. Elizabeth married in 1710, of grouno; and Hannah Falkaer, to serve Pentecost Teague, a member of Common 4 years and have 50 acres. Council, and one of the city’s two repre¬ -. H® settled in Bucks county on a tract on sentatives in tne Assembly of Pennsyl¬ the Delaware river about a mile below tbs vania. He was a native of Cornwall, Eng¬ present Yardley, having a front of quarter land. They had no children. to half a mile on the river, and running (2) Mary; born llth-mo. 1st, 1680; she inland about three miles. This was came to Pniiadelphia with her sisters and paten ten to him by the Commissioners of in 1708 married Joseph Drinker, of the fTopertyas 550 acres, on 7th-month 26fch, well-known Philadelphia family of that name. orJgfcal township orMbkeffeld.'Eow Lower Makefield town¬ (3) Martha; born 8th-mo. 21st, 16S3, died ship. Themes Janney gave a lot of 72 12ih-mo. 11th, 1634; buried at Mobberly. square rods out of this tract to Falls Meet- (4) Thomas; born lst-me. 1st, 1686, died ing of Friends, for a burying ground; it i8th-mo. 2d, 1686; burled at Mobberly. was the first public burial place in the (5) Tabitha; born 7th-mo. 29th, 1687, at county, although private ones had been In Eaton Norris. She came to Philadelphia uee' Sc conveyed lt by deed dated 4th- with her sisters, and married in 1709, Wil¬ month 4„h, 1690, to , Rich¬ liam Fisher. Their son, also Williem ard Hough, Joshua Hoopes and William I Fisher, was Mayor of Philadelphia in 1773. Beakes, as trustees for the Meeting, The ! Having now given some outline of his | parentage and family, we proceed with ot was situated on the high ground over¬ looking the river, and beside the road I the account of Thomas Janney, the minis¬ ter of the Society of Friends, and member leading from Falls to the uppermost river : plantations. This graveyard, with a stone of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania. fence around it, is still to be seen on the In his 21st year, or about 1654 he joined road below Yardley, and is occssionally In profession of Friends’ principles; and used for burials. * ihs following year received a gift In the ministry and thereafter he devoted much Thomas Janney lived on this plantation ila&atopreaching, For this purpose he excepting when In Philadelphia attending 1e°un°d‘ or on religious visits to other ■ [veI7 iE Ecg^nd andTre- j colonies, the balance of the time that he a* W^as sald of tlaat be “ bad ! remained m Pennsylvania. Although his Kpd 80UDd testimony for the truth, and his conversation and course of 5 not DeeE f0UEd on record, a deed llle accorded with this doctrine,” He was ot 1700 between his sons Jacob and Abel not exempt from persecution for hD work ^at ^ was dated 3d*month 21«t 16y0, and that by it he left a part of the In 1663accordingtoBesse, , I P aPAa^ GD on iiver front, suopostd to nev TrJ °£ Ha?ford 5 Thomas Jam be 2^0 acres, (by later survey found to be “?/* Jr-> ^ James Harrison, of the same |36o acres 12 perches) to hls eldest son, place, suffered distress of goods. Thi3 Anne Janney was probably an aunt of | Jacob, who sold it to hls brother Abel To | hls other sons he probably left the back H*Lomas'.tde latter being known at this part. time as junior,” and probably residing I Besides the above, Thomas Janney had

"V scure. *~Thom< T uanr/ey Was one or jthe larger tract) about 1 uou acres', on the Justloes of the Peace for Bucks count-'; inland side of the township, towards New¬ in his day these justices held ad the county town ; its lower end adjoined the back of1 courts; they were Judges of the Quailev his home plantation, and ran up back of Sessions, Common Pleas, Otohans’ Court, the river lots for about 2 1-2 miies, and of etc. His commission was nat.ed April 6, varying width! When the township lines j 1685, and renewed January 2,1689. were more accurately iald down, part of He was one of the commissioners or this fell in Newtown township. Nq patent jurors who made the first official division for this tract has been found on record, of Bucks county in 1692 They were c* ■ but both It and the river planta:ien are l 'reeled to meet at Neshaminy Meeting shown on Holmes’ map. House, in Middletown, on September 27th, That part of the Inland plantation that of that vear, and to divide the county Into lies in Newtown township has remained hundreds or other convenient divisions. in the Janney family until the present They specified the boundaries of five time. Stephen T. Janney, Esq. now lives townships, following more or less closely on part of It; the main part of his house the township lines *aid down on Holmes’ was built about or a little before 1750, It Is map; these were: Makefieid, Fe'l3, Buck¬ ; supposed by his greatgrandfather. Thomas ingham (afterwards Br'stol, not the pres¬ Janney, Treasurer of Bucks county 1757 61, ent Buckingham), Se'em (now Bensaiem), I and a Justice of the Peace and of the and Middletown., county courts,' who was a grandson of While speaking of Thomas Janney’ecffi-1 Thomas Janney, the first owner of the clal record, it wi'l be best to correct an property, The late John L. Janney error that has been repeated by several gather of the present Prothonotary historians. Tney state that Arthur Cook Thomas J. Janney, and of John L. Janney, and Thomas Janney were aopointed on who now resides there,) owned part of the 9th-mo. 19th, 1686, County Surveyors of original tract, adjoining h?s brother, Bucks county, t’he minutes of Council of Stephen’s. 9,h-mo. 19ih, 1686, contain an order of the Thomas Janney was related by blood or, Council to Robert Turner and John Barnet marriage with many of the prominent for Philadelphia county, and Arthur Cook early settlers of the county. As before, and Thomas Janney for Bucks county, stated, James Harrison, one of the largest with the surveyors of the respective coun¬ j landholders In the county, a member of ties. to meet aid lay out a more eom- the Provincial Council, and intimately as- mouious read from Broad stre°t In Phila¬ I eoclated with the Proprietary In public delphia to the Falls, This shows con¬ ! and private affairs, had married his sister- clusively that Cook and Janney were not in-law, Anne Heath. Harrison’s daughter, the sul veyors themselves. Phebe, married Phineas Pemberton, also a While in America Taomas Janney con¬ ! member of the Provincial Council and As-I tinued his journeys on religious affairs as ! sembly, who hed the combined offices of he had done before leaving England. He Register and Recorder, and wao was visited meetings of the Society of Friends called by James Logan the “Father of1 in New England, Raode Island, Long Is¬ Bucks county.” Pemberton, In a number , land and Maryland, ss well as in Pennsyl¬ of letters extan , speaks of or addresses vania and New Jersey. In 1695, in com¬ Thomas Janney as “ uncle,” the relation¬ pany with Griffith Owen, he returned to ship being through his wife. William England to visit Friends’Meetings there, Yardiey, anothe- Councilor and Assem¬ la the course of his travels he w-1 taken blyman, and landholder on the Delaware ill at Hinchin, and expected to die, said to river, on the siteof the village of Yardiey, one of two relatives who came from was connected through the Harrisons or Cheshire to sc 5 him. “It is some exer¬ Heaths. In a manorial of William Yard- cise to think of being taken away so far ley, written b~ Thomas Janney, 6th, from my home and family, and aiso from month, 26th, 1692 after the former’s death, my relations and friends In Cheshire;’’ he calls him his “dear friend and and spoke further on religious matters, as brother,” sayim.: “What I have here recorded in a memorial of him by Phila¬ written concernhg this my dear friend delphia Yearly Meeting. After this he and brother, is f om my own knowledge, recovered sufficiently to go to Cheshire, we having been htlmate friends from our where he again became worse, and died youth up, and slice we came to America, 12th-mo. (February) 12th, 1696, attended we have had the advantage of frequent by his sister. In the account just quoted opportunities togither, it having been our and In Jc3eph Smith’s catalogue of lot to live near tceach other.” (Friends’ Books, it is stated that he was John Brock, wto had a river clantaHon [buried ir. “Friends’ Burying Place,” In net ween ‘wmisfn Yarcuey's ana Toombs Cheshire; but the Cheshire Monthly Janney’s, was also a cousin of the latter, j Meeting records record that he was burled A letter from John’s brother, Ralph Brock, 12th-mo. 15th, at Mobberly, where nearly of Bramhall England, dated 12bh-mo. 28th, all the Janneysof his own and preceding 1696-7, to Puineas Pemberton, preserved generations were burled. He was aged 63 among the Pemberton family papers, years and had been a minister 42 years. mentions Thomas Janney as his “deare The entry in the Meeting record men¬ j Ccz.” tioned above says: “ Thomas Janney, of Thomas Janney was elected to the Pro¬ Pennsylvania, America, a minister on a vincial Council for one term of three years visit to this his native country.” A testi¬ 1681,1685, 16S6 He qus'ifisd as a member mony concerning him by Falls Monthly lst-mo. 20th, 1684, attesting to keep secret Meeting, together with a further aoccunt the debates of the body. The minutes of complied for this purpose, were published Council record his presence at most of the by Philadelphia Yearly Meeting m a book meetings, but have little else to say of called “A Col'ecttou of Memorials Con¬ him. He was a member eg’In In 1691, cerning Divers Deceased Ministers,” etc., apparently tilling an unexpire 1 term; as Philadelphia, 1787. the minu* cs for this year have been lost, his tenure of office at th's time, as wellr 1 ,v Although he can hardly be called an h's record during the term, are rather ob¬ |\uthor, Thomas Janney wrote a few pieces JpuBTTeatlon. “He wrote an tntroduc- a, b°°£ by Alexander Lawrence J!} ™> An Answer to a Book Published THE LITTLE NESHAMINY. B chard Smith, of Westchester, Where- The People of God ceded Quakers ' _ are particularly in this County of Ohls jr f’ r>a,r0 °l®ared from Wrong, Iniustlce Sketch of Bucks County’s ,L^hem "S' ”,C0 ThisTh^tO bookhn8 t 7was blm printed cbar& 0din 7’,and rhi0 lnt|oductlon was, in its own Historic Stream. r«nL £lveaJ;°rth the 29th day of the nrn h-Moneth, 1677, Thomas Janney ” * Principal writing was ‘ An Enls*'e A Paper Head Before the Midsummer f ?armey t0 Friends of Ches- Meeting- of the Bucks County Historical }“d °y ^ena desired to be made r the Far=fff *n !hls* “ From “y House Spciety at Galloway’s Ford, June 20, £reb-Fin p f De aware= la the County T^nt vr FednsyJ van la, the 16th day of 1897, by Rev. o. K. Turner, Hartsvilie. IroW bvTli 16,9Sf ” Ic was printed j Ue in Wh^-SoWle^Bear tbe Meeting ! Much of the history ot any region is in¬ it' V „„HhLe'flart'Court- in Gracious ! e., London, 1694., Thomas Janney 1 imitably connected with the streams that a memorial of Wiiilam Yardley 1 pass through it. They have much to do ?,b. bas been quoted above. This was 1 with the life of the people and exert a Ui3hed in the Philadelphia Yearly'' j wide influence upon their welfare. The edfhateThnMe“?rl?'s’ wblcb con-1 S reKd to " Jacney t'mself t». (Delaware, the Hudson, the Ohio, the (Mississippi, not only delight the eyes of Ti^nih1'h8- Jann0y’s descendants only | thousands that gaze upon them, but the branch h i remained in Bucks nmir'-tf l business, the pleasures, the maintenance P« ot to. "fifty SSf ?ed’ at.an early period, to Virginia land the domestic and social habits of multitudes nearithem. and at a distance it8°me fr°m tb8re t0 tbe s°uth and are greatly affected by the tact that their waters flow in ceaseless current in the itolSlSStr S[erfh<,m” “d same channels year after year and from generation to generation. In like man¬ ner the water courses within our county [have an important bearing upon the •mor4th’ ihthi“^0,17tb' 1065f died burled at Mobberly. career ot the inhabitants and deserve a L lzaberh, bora llth-mo. I5cb 1666 place in the consideration and researches ^llth-mo. 17th, 1666; buried at’ilob- ot this Society. I /The Neshaminy creek, though a small g™aa^tarnmb,mr1 5thi 1(M7 mar. stream, is almost entirely within the county and is worthy of attention, and I have chosen one branch of it as the sub- IS'kaShissi- m°' J6ct of remark at ttiis time. Id traversiDS1 ics bed toward its source about midway E0.ffii6X1s,t'mo'.2etb'1«5' we. find it divided into two parts, one e two daughters as shown above died coming trom the northwest and the other fa“oy> wniie the four sons acoom- ;rom Hie southwest. The former is the sd their father to Pennsylvania. The larger ana is often called the North “a“® °f ^e 8on Thomas’s wife is un j Branch or the Big Neshaminy. The iat- n’nThfnIX1. '?u^h he had several chh ter is the smaller and is denominated the S‘rf%kna°7®rb<8( , W est Branch or Little Neshaminy. To tnis 1st us for a time direct our minds, r, a largriandert nfhte-r.ot'iaeblon its source is in Montgomery countv/a l\ "joseSh’fwIf11' ““WSJ tew miles west of the county line, and its j general direction east anu northeast, im Biles a Provfn^a8Counonht6r °’f a most promlnen? iCouacllor- and soon aiter entering our county it is ioinsd i by a confluent of considerable size, the J^arkereek, a name derived from the tacu that it runs through the celebrated Graeme Park tarm. I ngton and further • A? BaitIm°re, Toward the last part oi the life of Will¬ ted a blah nnsi+i™’i tbe,_y generally deh they iP(ve!dtl0n,iu the localities iam Penn, when he was unable by sick- ness to direct the affairs ot the Province 31 M. Janney the ^ -them w" y cf Friends bIstodac of the o. Pennsylvania, his wife, Hannah Penn sent from England Sir William Keith tc* r ar^at? desce nded ?ia8d,ra BucW Zf?/'er,nor' discharged the duties acob; he mar edd w°m Tbomas’sf- Ox his office from May 1,1717, to 1726, nine ter of John Hou^h Jfary H°ugb,fi years. In 1718 ne purchased the tract of the Provinni ^h; wbo was a mem’1 land, a part of which was afterwards “Grieme Park.” It consisted ot 12Uj acres,_ and was a portion of 6088 acres which tne Commissioners of Will¬ iam Penn in 1706 deeded to Samuel Car¬ penter, a wealthy merchant of Philadel- pnia. After Mr. Carpenter’s death his executors sold it to . Jsrmey sleDCST 8rnnev' tb0M Kehhnfnr*™n weeks(transferred it to Gov.’ hers who are orT-Janney> Keith for oOO pounds, or 2500 dollars in resent 6 or were hnowa :l Federal money, a fraction more than two /ollaS^n acre. Most ot, iTIay iiTHors- city he held several important offices. nafc township, in what was then Phila¬ He was at different times a member of delphia county, but a part was in War¬ the Council, Port Physician and Collector rington, in Bucks county, and there is a ot the Port. By appointment of Governor tradition that the Governor built a grist Gordon in 1731 he became one of the three 'mill by the creek on the north side of the Justices ol the Supreme Court, which ■county line. A short distance east of the position he occupied nearly twenty years, c’re6k he erected a pointed stone dwelling, and in addition, in 1732, he was made 56 leet long by 25 teet wide, two stories, Justice of Oyer and Terminer-and Gen¬ being each 14 leet high, and third story eral Jail Delivery for PhiladelDhla, ceiled, with dormer windows, a mansion Bucks and Chester counties. Iu this ca- ’ of much more extensive dimensions than paeity he was one of the first Judges that i any in the region at that time. Separate ever acted for Bucks county. He con- 1 from the main building in the rear were tinued to own the park in Horsham till a kitchen, offices, malt house and a large fils decease, and after the death ot hi3 barn. It was constructed in the most wife in 1765 he resided there permanently. substantial manner ot sandstone, with His earthly career closed suddenly in beams and floors of oak, and the walls | 1772, when he was nearly 84 years old. I are still standing much as they were 175 j The property, comprising almost 1000 i years ago, thougn a new roof was render¬ acres, was not diminished during his lile. !j ed necessary a tew years since by the A large circle ol triends and acquaint- I ravages of time. The front is toward the . aiices held him in high esteem, and his I northwest, and a large lawn shaded by ability and integrity in the discharge of j stately trees slopes nearly to the creek. his public and official duties were with- I The principal outer door, opening into out a stain. a hall with a stairway, is divided into His daughter, Elizabeth Gi re me, to j 1 two sections, the division running length¬ whom her tather bequeathed his estate, wise from top to bottom, the two leaves j was an accomplished young lady, highly I joined by strong iron binges. The walls educated, intellectual and oi literary1 ot most of the rooms are lined with i tastes. In. 1772. a tew months before 1 panelled wainscotting from the floor to ms- demise, she married Hugh Henry the ceiling, and must have originally pre¬ Ferguson, who had come to this country sented a tine appearance. A handsome not long previously from Scotland. He balustrade guards the stairway. From resided with her on the plantation three the windows ot the third story a pleasant or tour years, but when the War of Inde¬ prospect is presented over a wide extent pendence commenced he espoused the ot fields and meadows. Here the Gov¬ side of the British and engaged in the ernor used to spend the summer, attended x'cyal service, while her sympathies were sometimes by many of the gay, refined with the Americans. When the English and cultivated from the metropolis. They forces were withdrawn from Philadelphia traced the finny tribes along the Ne- he went with them to New York, and shaminv and hunted game through the was in the commissary department with woods, then almost undisturbed by the the rank oi Colonel. After the close of baud of man. The whole vicinity was the war a separation took place between covered with forests, and at the Gov¬ him and his wife, and they were never re¬ ernor’s request, in 1722, the Council of the united. He was attainted of treason for Province directed that a road should be joining the enemy and lost all right to , opened from his country seat to the pres¬ the estate of Mrs. Ferguson, and she her- j ent village of Horshamville, and thence self came near having the Park property to Round Meadow Run, now Willow wrested from her hands for supposed Grove. At the same time the County complicity with him, but by an Act of the Line road was surveyed from the York Legislature in 1781 the title to it was road somewhat beyond the Governor’s vested in her, and she resided upon it till place. , , 1791, when havmg been reduced by pre¬ Governor Keith’s wife had a daughter vious sales to 555 acres it was sold to by a former marriage, Miss Ann Diggs. William Smith, of Philadelphia, who had She was married when young to Dr. married her neice. Soon alter this it was Thomas Graeme, a prominent physician still further reduced in size, and in 1S01 ot Philadelphia. To this gentleman and the remainder, 204 8cres, came into the Thomas Souder, in 1726, the Governor possession ot Samuel Penrose, ot Rich¬ made over tor 500 pounds all his personal land township, Bucks county, at whose property at his plantation, consisting of death his sod, William Penrose, became 11 slaves, several of them children: 20 the owner. He made extensive improve¬ horses, cows, sheep, hogs, wagons, im¬ ments in the grounds and buildings, plements, lurmture and a large collec¬ though the main parts of the present tion of silver and table ware and domes¬ dwelling were erected in 1810 by his tic utensils, the inventory of which is tather. V\ illiam deceased in 186?, having still preserved by the present owner of bequeathed the farm to his son, Abel the estate, Mrs. Abel Penrose. Sir Will¬ Penrose, whose widow now holds it and iam must have lived in a considerable resides thereon. The old mansion was degree of splendor, and extended abund¬ used as a tenant house for a considerable ant hospitality to numerous friends. In period, but is at present unoccupied and 1728 he left America for London, where serves occasionally for a granary. It is he resided till his death in 1740, at the age regarded by the Penrose family, who of nearly 80 vears. It is stated by the have owned it almost a hundred years, as historian, Proud, that his last days were a sacred relic of antiquity, worthy of be¬ passed in penury. After his departure to ing preserved and handed down to pos¬ England his wife, Lady Ann Keith, held terity. the property till 1739, w'hen she trans¬ Mrs. Ferguson, a short time before dis¬ ferred her claim to her son-in-law, Dr. posing ot the estate, probably about 1797,1 Thomas Graeme. removed to the house of Seneca Lukens,I His winter home was on Chestnut two miles distant, on the road to Phila-lj street, near Sixth. Philadelphia, in which del phis, where she departed this life ini. W1, sseffTO years. She wa§ an elegant, ^ t ’ m latter capacity h* rehned lady, of most agreeable manners, v.erved by re-election ten or twelve years , hospitable and charitable veil nigh to The owners of the property have not al her own pecuniary injury. While the ways been practical millers, but have .American army was at White Marsh, it often employed other men to manage the is stateu, she sent them- to alleviate their imJB Among those who within the last necessities several times linen and woolen sixty years have conducted the busings cloth raised ami manufactured on her own place, and that she received in r6- olacii,SlftcfRi l0Samuel ashmgton. In looking over the old deeds beiong- MEARNS’ MILL. 12 1? *b,e Penrose family I observed that the blanu parts of some ot them had been cut out. The explanation of this was dis¬ covered in a paper in the handwriting of Exactir^t whatii1 f “1 d°Wa the slrea‘fl. Mrs. Ferguson, which had been carefully aad wbich I copied, as follows: Ihe reason why these parchments are deficient is, a couple of young ladies wanted to mane some smallpocketbooks SI me“tfoTist0u23fh0(K“m,jf; to keep money Id, and they took the plain erected thereon before 1777 amf part of the parchment. This I know to 3“ “d ra.rdSlJS;‘“ °17-r4 be the fact. Signed. E. Ferguson. “March 12,1791.” nnUtSmdH°- b6Tsl?rveyed iu Bucks7county’ MILLS. Out ol this, July 13, 1684, one thousand Among the most important features of ISesnamiuy creek are the milis that are WarwickwarwicE.™ virfor non-paymentt0n James Claypooleiu ot wha- planted near it and are run principally was due to the proprietary, Sheriff Wi!t- or wholly by its waters. One ot them is lam Biles in 1713 sold from this tract 400 half g mile north of Hartsville, on the acres to Joseph Claypoole, sou of James * u £°ad> now owned by John M. Dar- and Joseph in 1727 sold the ssunftn e?act date 01 the erection of it Nicholas Heilings, and in 1734 He lices and of the dam, an eighth of a mile west, parted with it to Thomas Dungan of has not come down to us, but it was Northampton. In 1739 Dungan trans about 1783. The land on which it stands rwiin.l- ptCreS 40 Samilel Faries for 112 is part of a tract of 1000 acres bought by pounj® Pennsylvania currency or James Boyden, oi London, trom Wm. or about |2.25 an acre. In 1777 the adinfn’ Proprietary warrant May 26, 1684. 484 acres were laid off for him in tolrwnrjiamSThIUel Fari^ sold 75 ar-r6.s deeded -t m and he ^ 17*> what is now Warwick township. This usueeaea.t \ to High Ramsey.rvamsey. This is rh tract was m the Boyden family 57 years, hiSLOry of a portion of lc and appears to have been occupied bv to the mill? portion °4 tbe lahd attached few settlers during that long period. In wavn°thThfoi0n was Poured in thi ii41 hoyden, James Boyden and t>ay ' The Commissioners of wiHiVri Mrs. Mary Boyden Shute, grandchildren of James Boyden, Sen., sold 325 acres andU sheh« wwas14 *°to ldpay t0 oneMary English Crar> 1100shilling acre to Thomas Howell, ot PhiladelDhia, aDd he, tne next year, 1742, ‘sold acrlf lM?7H year for every hunS to John Griffith 54 J acres, on a Pie,»t J PhSfeSfjf “if1 f4 portion ol which is the site of the mill *01 Pounds, Pennsylvania!, cu nency, or $16. In 1/61 John Griffith solo 2 acres and 33 Perches, on which is the mill, to Thomas McCane. How long he held ;t is uncertain, as there is a breaR iu the line ol the deeds for 25 years, c< verms the time of the Revolution. In 17s6 Eieazer Twining sold the lots to John Carr and Joseph Hart, and later the same year Philadelphia, one-thirdhofr fi^°rneys iD John Carr parted with his interest in it ,44 perches to Robert Mearns^ to Col. Joseph Hart tor 25 pounds or $66. decease his children. HughA1 ,hl> Ihe persons, who afterwards owned it in succession, were Col. William Hart, Josiah Hart, Benjamin F. Wright, Capt. illiatn Hart, John Polk and John M. and Jane Randle in I7l ?hn, ?anfe Harraii, the present owner. The mill their share of the land tofeM wi:h building used to stand twenty-five rods tor £100 (Pennsylvania SjtSra8 east ot thejTork road, down the race, off Some of the DroDfit-t^ or.v-6t>. mainline of travel. But Josiah Hart session ot the Mea?ns family sffice al>viUt..T^43’ soou aRer he purchased P MS years, and has passed h/m YYV729’ eaid, I want to be during the day where from one to another tha k7 inheritance I can see the people.” So he removed it H ugh -Moarn s Dbeii|»’i r?th s'sixth t°waor’ to the west side of the turnpike, the posi- tion from Robert Mearns f,b genera' bas maintained ever since. In ness in the manufacture m u g6 onsi' 1861 it was rebuilt by j. M. Darrah and formerly done at the upper mil?^ Wasl F Wrii-ht U,tr machlPefy- Benjamin vious to 1850 heavy teams a'| pre-| Wright, who owned it for a short time, 1839 40. afterwards took his family to Philadelphia and was elected member of the Common Council ol the consoli- milling purposes. Hugh’^far'nPg1'4 J°/'’ dated city, and on© of three building in- -fatherof the present Ti^t s,g:rand- Iff^ent at Princeton^ College o»v|? four'vo sum5 a stu' ^arkfthH-,/K,l.,-,jpk.l3225,4ln!;lk . /:lY Hearns’ lower mill, as it "was lOrmerly ! machinery is not now remembered by termed, or Ross’ mill, stands nearly half the oldest inhabitants, and the waters a mile from the upper mill, probably on curl and ripple over the ruins of what the tract belonging, 150 years ago, to was once an aspiring dam. Samuel Fares, and afterward to William BRIDGES. Mearns. The tivo mills were held by the Before 1850 but lour bridges spanned Mearns family for many years and it is the west branch ot the Neshaminy, one now impossible to accurately distinguish on the turnpike between Doylestown and the history of the one from that of the the Willow Grove: one on the Bristol other. The upper is believed to be the road near Neshaminy church ; one on older of the two. In 1858 the lower mill the York road above Hartsville, and one and the farm attached to it passed into at Mearns’ upper mill cn the Almshouse the hands of Clark Ross and Lewis Ross, road. Within the latter halt of this cen¬ by whom it was rebuilt in 1869. A saw , tury six substantial new bridges have mill is located by the side of the grain been placed, where formerly people were mill, where, for a long period, numerous compelled to ford the stream, which logs of oak, hickory and other woods sometimes in freshets became dangerous were manufactured into lumber. In 1S9j, or absolutely impassable; two on the after the death of Lewis Ross, by an un¬ County Line, one on the Street road ; timely accident at the mill, the place be¬ one on the township line between War¬ came the property of C. F. Kiubred, o, minster and Warrington, and two at Philadelphia, its present owner, by whom Ross’ mill. a new barn has been erected, in 1897. I he One ot the oldest roads crossing the ruins ot the old mill, built about 1780, aie Little Neshaminy, is the “York road,” so called from the tacts, that for a long still visible, but no flax seed has been crushed there foi several generations. period previous to the construction ol As one, or both, ot these mills was in ex¬ railroads it was the main thoroughfare istence when Washington had his army between Philadelphia and New York, on encamped along the Neshaminy tor two which stages ran that carried numerous weeks in 1777, at no great distance, it is passengers. Where this highway passes highly probable that his soldiers may over the creek in Warwick township, have been supplied with corn meal and above Hartsville, a stone bridge was rye and wheat flour from them and thus built, as stated by Gen. W. W. H. Davis in his History ol the County, in 1755, the waters of the stream may have con¬ which was replaced in 1789 by a much tributed to the defence of the country m larger and finer one with six stone arch¬ time of peril. „ ,, . ,T After the death of Rev. IS athamel Ir¬ es. This stood tor the most part unim¬ win, one of tne pastors ot Neshaminy paired until an unprecedented flood oc- church, which took place in 1812, two of curred in 1865, when it was undermined his grandaugbters, children or his son, and dangerously injured. Its treacher¬ ous condition was unobserved fer Henry Irwin, became members of the months, when one morning with scarcely family of Robert Mearns, at the upper a premonitory tremor an arch tell, and mill, and were trained with care ana in the course of the forenoon three or wisdom until their maturity. One ot four more arches quietly and deliberately them, Rebecca, married a Mr. Hindman, gave way. and it became nearly all a resided subsequently in the State ot i\gw mass of ruins. The turnpike company, York, was the mother ot twelve children by whom the franchise of the York road and died at Albany, N. Y., December 80, had been assumed, were obliged to re¬ 1887, in the 81st year cf her age. store it, which they did with a substantial long’s mill. covered structure of timber iu 1866. Another mill on the Neshaminy, usual¬ Over the first bridge at this point, soon ly called Long’s mill, is situated in War¬ after its erection, Benjamin Franklin, rington township, near the western line who in 1753 was appointed Deputy Post¬ ol Warminster. The present structure master General lor the Confederate colo¬ was built by Hugh Long in 1855, and a nies, used to travel on business connected steam engine was placed in it to run the with the mail service between New York machinery, when the water was low. and Philadelphia, and tnis was the route This was iound a valuable assistant sev¬ over which the uiaiis between what are eral years, but it is not now employed. I uow two cities with millions of people have not been able to learn when the were formerly carried. first mill was reared, but it must have The bridge on the turnpike leading to been early in the present century. The I Doylestown near Frog Hollow, or Ne¬ immigrant from Ireland, who originally j shaminy po9t office, or Paul alley, as it settled on the tract w as Andrew Long, j is variously termed, was originally built born in 1691. His son, William, born in over a hundred years ago. The present 1727, his grandson, Hugh, and his great- structure was reared in 1821. grandsons, William and Thomas, sue-, The County Line Road crosses the two cessively, owned the farm, which is en-1 branches of the Little Neshaminy, which ti.t6ly surrounded bv public roads. It unite iu Warrington to form the main ■was subsequently held by Job W^hm body ot the stream, and on neither of and now by Henry Shppard, of Ply¬ them for more than a hundred years mouth, Pa. after they were opened to travel -was THE FULLING MILL. there any bridge. I have olten forded them on horseback and in a carriage, Across the Bristol road from N6sham- when I have sighed for something to iuv cemetery ou the bank of the creek, 75 keep me high above treacherous mud, or'lOO years ago, a fuiliDg mill and dam j rocks and water beneath me. Similar I used to stand on the property ol Col. was the fact with the crossing near Long’; William Long, where for a long time Mill. Pedestrians were compelled t-_ people brought home-made woolen cloth trust themselves to a shaky, half-decay¬ to be" ' ’ - - '•**. ed log, fastened on each shore by a chain to a tree. Now at each of these place'/ — • there is a handsome stone arch bridge. the efiortfe of James Grier, Esq., ol vvar- The one at the Park creek was erected by 1 rington, and others a tew years ago,a fund Bucks and Montgomery counties in 1853'; I ot several thousand dollars was accumu¬ the one farther up the County Line near lated tor the care and improvement of the school house in WarringtoD. with the cemetery. This has been deposited five arches of dressed stone, in life. The vith the Doylestown Trust Co., tbe in¬ Commissioners superimending the latter terest being expended under tbe direc¬ were Jacob Slifer, Abraham C. Cole, tion of the Trustees of the Church. /Tobias C. Hanes them Montgomery county, ana Jesse Black, TPeter Scaates, Washington’s encampment. Daniel Clewed, from Bucks county. In the summer of 1777 Washington, The bridge on the Street road a short then in New Jersey with his army, distance below the Doylestown turnpike learned that a British fleet was preparing was built in 1859 under the charge ot An¬ to convey a large body of soldiers from drew Dudbridge, Commissioner, New York to attack some point held by The bridge near Long’s mill, having the Americans; but he could not dis¬ six stone arches, was erected in 1869 at cover what'was it destination’. Fearing an expense of about $13,000, by Commis¬ it might be Philadelphia he slowly sioners, Thomas Heed, David Seip, and marched toward that city. Those were Moses O. Kulp. The master-mason was days in which the magnetic telegraphs James O. Cozens. and steam vessels were unknown and The first bridge at Mearns’ upper mill, reliable information of the enemy’s which had stood there probably nearly a movements could not be obtained for century, was replaced by a new one four several weeks. The general’s forces or five years ago. crossed the Delaware at Coryell’s ferry, Near Ross’ mill two bridges are requir- now New Hope, and another point above, ed by the crookedness ot the stream and proceeded down the Yorn Road; within a short distance ot each other. spent a night at the L’ttle Neshaminy One was erected in 1868 under the man¬ above Hartsville, where the headquarters agement ot Josiah W. Leidy, Thomas were in the house now owned by Mrs. Heed and David Seip, Commissioners, Sarah Campbell, and thence advanced to and the other in 1890 by J. B, Tomlinson, Germantown. Still indoubt as to the W. Worthington and Tilghman Barron, designs of the British fleet he retraced Commissioners. his steps alter a tew days to the same Before a bridge existed near Ne¬ point on the Neshaminy he had occupied shaminy Church on the Bristol road, a and remained there nearly two weeks, hundred years since or more, the lording from August 10 to August 23. A whip¬ place was an eighth of a mile below, near ping post was set up on the west side ot the residence of R. H. Darrah, and at that ! road on land now owned by John Van point a large log used to be seen in the I Buskirk, by way of warning to the re- edge of the water, on which the soldiers I tractory and disobedient. The army of the army under Washington, when was composed of four divisions under encamped near by,according to tradition, Generals Greene, Sterling, Stephens and v, ashed their clothes. A covered wooden I Lincoln. These were subdivided into budge on solid stone abutments bore eight brigades under Generals Maxwell, the storms and floods more than halt a Scott, Weidner, Muhlenberg, Wayne, century, but by the great freshets of 1865 Woodford, Nash and Conway. Marquis it was somewhat moved from the per¬ De LaFayette, then scarcely twenty-one pendicular, and the present one mostly years ot age, who had been appointed ot iron was erected in 1869, j Major General by Congress a short time Of the ten bridges now covering the previously, was there as a member ot creek five are of stone with neat sym¬ Washington’s immediate family, but metrical arches ; the others are of iron with no separate command. and wood combined. Alter waiting in anxious expectation j NESHAMtNY PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. tor news of the enemy thirteen days and lathe edge of Warwick township, on enjoying the rest and abundant supplies, .U Lwft ot Warminster, at the point which the fertile valley of the Nesham¬ wnero the Neshaminy passes across the iny afforded, tidings came that the hos¬ Bnstolroad trorn the latter township to tile ships had appeared in the Chesapeake the lormer, stands the Neshaminy Pres¬ Bay : then the General knew that Phila¬ byterian Church. I have treated ot its delphia was in danger, and he at once history and the biography ot some ot its ; put his men en route thither. In the pastois petore this society in former course of the following three weeks the years and it is unnecessary to dwell upon battle ot the Brandywine took place, and them now. The cemetery connected with as the Americans had but 13,000 and the the church is a little distance west of the j British 18,000, the latter won the day and sanctuary, and the first house ot public ere long took possession ot Philadelphia. worship, built in 1628, stood within its In 1819 a Latin ode was composed on limits. Ihe oldest tombstone is that of the Neshaminy by Dr. Isaac C. Snowden, Cornelius McCartney, 1731. Probably who then resided near Hartsville. It some may have been buried there before, was subsequently published in the Phila¬ wnose graves were not marked. It is the delphia Magazine, ot which Dr. Snowden testimony ot tradition that the remains was the editor. He was a gentleman of ol some soldiers, who died in the Revoiu- fine abilities and unusual" classical at¬ 'yerf, interred there, and it is possible tainments, as is shown in the ode, a copy that deaths may have occurred in the of which was furnished me by Mrs. army while Washington was encamped Esther Mearns, of Ivyland. 1 will not in the immediate vicinity. In 1873 the inflict upon you the Latin, but will read congregation of Neshaminy of Warwick a translation written by Benjamin C. purchased and added to the graveyard Snowden and James Ross Snowden in ten acres of very desirable ground, which 1872. enlarged its original size fourfold. By ‘‘TO NESHAMINY, A RIVER OF PENNSYL¬ VANIA. through the green vallies and among high and shady groves, Not timed to the lyre nor cared tor by the musOj Here running and murmuring the Ne- shaminy rolls its waters. Delightful stream, O Neshaminy, whom¬ ever one may look, | Some of the Pioneers of the Some beautiful object is to be seen, al¬ z Nockamixon Flats. ways agreeable to me. , Near itslgreeu bank stands a venerable ch'frch, Surrounded with oaks and other trees ot A PAPER READ BEFORE THE the wood; Here the pluughmau, the herdman and many farmers come Buckwampan Historical and Literary To lay the incense of their hearts upon Association at Rlegelsvllle, Jane its holy altar. Nearby a rude bridge spans the shady 19th, 1897, by Rev. 8. 8. DIehJ, of stream, Klntnersvlile. And over the rocks and shores the falling waters plunge. When the early settlers of the township On a steep crag overlooking the of Nockamixon felt that they were able forest to have a township organization they The ruins of a small and ancient mill are seen; made application to the courts. The ap¬ Above this the home of the pastor rears plication was made in 1742, the survey of its white summit, the township lines was made in 1743, and BioomiDg with dowers amidst the forest trees, graceful to the sight, was confirmed in 1746. The townsuip Toward the south, devoted to funeral hues emoraced what now constitutes rites, a piece of land Nockamixon and Bridgeton townships. |! Contains the ashes ot humble farmers There was located within the bounds of and kind neighbors. the township what was known as the In the circle of the world no place can be famous Nockamixon flats. This name found v- as applied to that portion ol the JL)ela- So agreeable and beautiful as this little v> are river valley which begins at the spot.” foot of the well known Pennsylvania Palisades, or Narrows,and extends along Perhaps you will bear with me, it I de¬ tLo Delaware tor some distance. It was tain you a few moments longer by read¬ iu these flats where we find the Indians ing the following lines, never published, entrenched and where they tarried long composed by Mrs. Souder, of Philadel¬ a ter the white man came to encroach phia, about 35 years since. np^n their possessions. It was from ii ose flats that the Red Men finally re¬ STANZAS TO THE NESHAMINY. created and cast a long lingering look The banks and braes ot Bonny Doan upon the happy hunting and fishing Were sung, Auld Scotia’s Bard, by thee; pounds, and heaved a heavy sigh over In humble strains I fain would sing A m graves of his departed ancestry Thy praises, lair Neshaminy ! •« tiica lay buried beside the banks of the Shaded by many an ancient oak »- dutiful Delaware. It was in these flats And many a drooping willow tree, " uere we find the pale-face make their In tranquil beauty thou dost glide, i ist effort to get possession of that which Charming all hearts, Neshaminy. l ghtluily belonged to another. The t. estern portion of the township was set- The Tennents School boys hither come, i led and the tide of settlement kept on Eager thy placid face to see, along the Gallows Run and over the And here with barbed hooks and line township highlands until it finally reach¬ They rob thee oft, Neshaminy. ed the river valley north of the Narrows. The fact that the Indian resei ved these I’ve wondered on thy lonely banks, lowlands until the last is very natural. Andplueked thewild flowers on the lea; They afforded them opportunities and And well I know a charm there dwells, advantages which other localities more In thy bright streams, Neshaminy. iu the interior did not lurnish. They The wise and good ot other days here had the advantage of using their Have heavenly wisdom learned ot thee; canoes upon the placid Delaware and also Perchance in heaven they sing the grace were able to engage in fishing which was That brought them to Neshaminy. one ot their favorite amusements, and also a form of subsistence, besides the The patriot soldier hither come soil was ol the best and the scenery ot From war’s rude din awhile to flee, the most beautiiul. The time has, how¬ But thine is all a peaceful flame, ever, corns when the land ol the Red Men Like thine own waves, Neshaminy. must pass into other hands. The com¬ And uow farewell! to other scenes mand has gone forth that the land must The voice of duty calleth me, be vacated. The Penn heirs, who laid Yet never from any heart shall fade claim to everything tangible, have made Thy lovely stream, Neshaminy. I provision for the favorite haunts of the Indian. We find that a grant ot a large tract of land was made by Thomas Penn to Jeremiah Langhorne, who was one ot his lieutenants, for a small consideration. From deeds and grants which it was our privilege to examine we find that the I - iw——K ' MB Nockamixon flats and the adjoining hill graveyard on the farm of Melchor Haler. eifthfi °/ thlS grdntl for we flnd that Here I find myself to contradict the T h dJayj)!,August, 1738, Jeremiah statements of Mr. Buck, the historian, Langhorne deeded a tract of 71 acres and concerning the great Indian chief This some perches to John Chapman, who was is something I do not like to do. yet my an ea tensive land owner at this time research may be very different from his John^htract Wr'Al deeded by the son of and consequently may have reached of hJuneh R°hn’ Jr” on th8 8tb day very different conclusions. I base my «i«o n S1 k7’ Wiliams. We statements upon accompanying circum¬ March 176^ fh^d thatt on the 2ist of stances and upon family tradition.QHe march, 1769, the executor of Jeremiah claims that Nutimus, an old, white- Langhorne, and the executors oi Lang- haired, bent Indian, emigrated to Ohio in borne Biles, sold a large tract at rmhiiv» vendue, as the deed *ey™ «g Public 1750 (about) where he died about 1780. It is, we think, an established fact that Williams. We find that Benjamin Will¬ Nutimus is buried in the graveyard in iams, a son of Jeremiah Williams ol the Nockamixon flats. It is hardly like¬ Quakertown.N.J., purchased 515 acres ly that a father would hand down to his and31. perches in all, in the hill regions children such an important statement if an£ the Nockamlxon it were all lalse. Again, it is hardly Hats tthe upper end), extending to the likely that Nutimus would have been upper end ot the present village of Upper brought all the way from Ohio for burial to a place from which the Indians were Bved in Nockamixon, but he forced thirty years before. Nor is it placed tne property in the hands oi his likely that the Indians would hare va¬ two sons, Benjamin, occupying the cated the flats 19 or 20 years before the northern part of the tract, g with settlement thereof. his residence near the site of We find a patent from Thomas Mifflin, Esq., Governorof Pennsylvania, wherein he grants 515 acres and 31 perches to Ben¬ jamin Williams. This was the patent srB;L?.K,r:: for the tract for which deeds had been given previously, but they desired a ‘^'Proper™1S ‘We find that Benjamin Williams s*r fetate patent to make their title fully clear. This patent was issued on the 20th purchased about five hundred acresfn day of February, 1792. On the 1st day of the upper part of Tinicum township along the Delaware, for his 80n S April, 1803, we find a deed where Benja¬ min Williams, Sr., gives a tract of 2571 an(* about th© same amount for acres to Benjamin Williams, Jr., his son. another son, Samuel, in Buckingham township. This fact proves hrom the deeds it appears that the first original purchaser knew a good thing settler, Benjamin Williams, afterward moved to Newtown, Bucks county. when he saw it. The Williams’ claim to b© descendants of Hogrer Wiliiflme „f On the first of April, 1818, he and his wife, Dorothy, gave a deed to Rhode Island. Jeremiah Williams ’the grandfather of the first settlers of he Jacob Stover, of Bedminster township, Bucks county. In this deed it is stated Mand^^n' dat'Y’“»kratod from Long that Benjamin Williams is a yeoman in island to Quakertown, N. J., giving as Newtown township. On the first ot April, i Lo^VaZTigrating that the people 1803, we also find by a deed that Benja¬ sLJ8lan.d were t0° proud lor his tastes. There is a family tradition that min Williams, Sr., deeded a tract to Will¬ iam Williams, his son. It appears from Williams was very intimate with the few these facts that Benjamin Williams, Sr., hneians t?at stlli tarried in the neighbor was still living in 1803, and that his sons |th°°d and who at times came back to got full possession of their respective I* ^ original haunts. Soon alter Will properties that year. Benjamin Williams, Jjams took possession of his property the the _first settler, died in 1824 and was TheUne lDdlfns used to apX from buried in the famous Pursell graveyard below the village of Upper Black’s Eddy, k€lr“°^ajL^SpSKB tie had five children, two sons and three daughters. The sons were John and Bayick t'ko daughters, Lydia, married to a Mr. Quinn; Ann, who died unmarried, ®,pples apd8 thodsprinean,1wmia)£g and Rachel, who died April 7,1881, aged 87 years. John Williams, a son ot Benja- Williams, emigrated to Ohio about 1830. David Williams, another son, re¬ T« bfe.d' »• moved to Woodbury, N. J., where he aiea. He has one sou and daughter liv- ing. The son is a physician at Wood¬ bury, N. J., and Anna also lives in Wood¬ bury and is unmarried. William Will¬ ! iams, the other son of Benjamin Will¬ iams, 8r., had one son, Charles, and no daugnters. Charles was the father of William and Charles Williams, who still five on a portion ot the old tract on the hills adjoinming the Nockamixon flats. Another settler who found his way to the flats was John Pursell, who came »*«»if ais-s trom Ireland, bough a large tract of land comprising the lower part of the Nocka- the funeral ani mixon flats and the adjoining highland, feat chief was buried in th^old indTan including the famous Bridgeton “mine spring” and extending even up the hill

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* - naa nve sons and four daugnters. rue to near the Chestnut Ridge school house. sons were Thbmas, John, Brice, Hugh The village otUpper Black’s Eddy is built and Daniel; the daughters were Ann, upon this tract. He has a great many of Evaline, Hannah and Mary. Hannah, his descendants living in the immediate married to a Mr. Slack, is still living. locality of his purchase. His purchase Brice Pursell died September 26th, 1830, wasa mile in extent along the river front I aged 51 years. He was for many years a extending from near the Upper Black’s | liarn H. Gwioner now lives. He built a Eddy hotel to near the Tinicum line, still house which is yet standing at the where the property of the Tinicum Will¬ present time. For many years distilling iams’ began. The exact date of his pur¬ was carried on here, and farmers found a chase is somewhat in doubt, as we could ready sale for many of their products. not get possession of the original deeds. Manyamusing stories are related about But taking all circumstances in consider- men imbibing too freely at the still, yet tion, as well as statements of one of his some people will tell us “the whiskey of descendants, we place his purchase in old did not intoxicate.” We suppose 1769 or 1770. Purseil’s whiskey had some of the ele¬ We are very strongly inclined to the ments of the present so-called “Jersey idea that this tract may also have been a lightning,” on account of its close prox¬ part of Jeremiah Langborne’s estate, and imity to that soil. we know from other deeds in our posses¬ John Pursell, a son of John Pursell, Sr., sion that the executor of EaDghorne bad had two sons, Brice and Benjamin. He public sale sale in 1769. Davis, in his wont West, where he died. History of Bucks County, places his com¬ William Phraeii o „„ “""a. ing there about 1750, but accompanying sell, lived and died in Br/dlhfmas Pur circumstances disprove this statement. buried in the Pursell ldgeton. and i It is hardly likely that portion was had two sons aqd one da^ioh? ySfdl Hi settled 19 years before the upper flat aud who is dead, and Williarrf^tf’ ^omas also before the upper part of Tinicum, ;xop of Bridgeton lij]| S'h ho Bves or where Jeremiah Williams settled. Again ned to a Mr. C.sner. and is 8tiini1S-mar‘ Davis says that the original settler died Dennis Pursell, a son J' Bvrng. in 1810, and in this date we think he is sell, had six s>ns and Jicr'h!1^mas Pur‘ correct or nearly so, judging from the The sons were Thomas f? daukhters. date of sales of his property as we find by Dennis, John aid Robert- Isaac, deeds. The descendants claim tn»t h© ) Mary, Susanrah, Jane ’ ^ dau£hters, died not a very aged man. Now, if he Sarah, Ellen aid Martha ryula’ settled there in 1750 and lived till 1810, it and Dennis ai dead „i ^S8ac> John would make 60 years of residence, grant¬ Dydia. The resUre living S° Jane and ing that he would be only 20 years old when he settled would make him 80 years had one son3and hree Pu^eil old, this we would call an old man. Be¬ sides, T. Elwood Williams, a descend¬ ant, an aged man, and one whom I find to possess a mind hard to be surpassed Tk?'0» Pur- for names, dates, etc., is positive in his The sons are L %Jacob wnfushters' conviction that the settlement was not Dennis. Two oitbe bmel,. ^!am and earlier than 1769 and possibly as late as 1771. He said it was not very many years before the Revolution, and he fixed the date as 1770. Taking all these facts in bed on.fon and t?r daueb[°aS b*1*611. consideration we will place the time living at White taven oifh®’ Tirana. of his settlement in 1769 or 1770. Ann are dead, Re!cc, Mr. Purseil’s dwelling was on the oppo¬ site side of the canal, near the stream which is the outlet of the mine spring, PnSrSSd^'dfuS? <* Thou.., and very nearly opposite the present living, Mary andfda aro^8'^ is I residence of William H. Gwinner. Mr. was married to Jam Fulmer d‘ Mary Pursell was a very progressive man, and he and his descendants played a very importantpartin local affairsof allkinds. He left quite a family, and is the ancestor of all the Pursells that live in this part of Mary Jane is livin ThomT** are de»d. the country, both in Pennsylvania and ned to Eliza MaWn maf mar-! New Jersey. The original settler died in Martin Marshall, i fourth dauEhter of 1810 and was buried in the old graveyard i on th9 top of Narrows hill, near the pres- | ent residence of Isaac White. Mr. Pqrsell leit three sons and two daughters. The bad “ao sons6lnd c“dluahtiC6 ?Fael1' sons were Thomas, Brice and John. The tor many years He was daughters were married, the one to John Justice of thePeacand1 teacher, also a Houseworth, the other to Benjamin was a man poss^anan Ur7eyor- He Holden. After the original settler’s mind in the ljne oWh^m^a°rdlnary death the property was divided between papers, etc., W a le as hia his children according to his last will and to. His son Benidn w ^°ny there- testament, made in April, 1793. well known factorBucks Purs®11> 18 “i Thomas Pursell, a son of John Pursell, -ics, being at one ti, TW ? U1!ty P°H- had six sons e^nd one daughter. The sons u the county. HisWg stero0t Wills were William, Dennis, John, Thomas, Pursell, is also weI nown i,nSei,tv C‘ Jacob and Frederick; the daughter was Trcles, he was elect to tha J£ ltlC,4 Mary. He lived in the old Pursell man¬ Representatives frd ° House of sion, fronting the Delaware. (This man was the founder of Purseil’s ferry, at Lehnenburg.) Brice Pursell, a son of John Pursell, 1

ms, scacy and Howard are living, tne latter being a practicing physician at I German exiles arrived at London In Bristol. Horatio died in 3863. England. They were in destitute cir¬ Hugh Pursell, a son of Brice Pursell, cumstances, and theEnglish government has one daughter, Mary, who is still liv¬ gave them some assistance. On Decem¬ ing. ber 25.1709, ten ship loads of these people, Daniel Pursell, a son oi Brice, has a son Mohawk Indians, with whom they were and daughter, David and Martha, both on friendly terms. The journey was a living. He was married three times, his memorable one. Their few earthly last wife being Rachel Quinn who is a possessions were loaded on rudely con¬ grand-daughter ot Benjamin Williams, structed sleds, and these they dragged the original settler of the upper part of by hand through a three foot snow over Nockamixion flats. We have now fol¬ a country where roads were as yet un¬ lowed briefly and imperfectly we know known. Arriving at their destination the history of the three leading original alter a three weeks’ journey, they opened settlers in the Nockamixion flats, and a new settlement. The first years at this given an account of their descendants. place were years of extreme noverty and We trust we may have given such a hardship. Located in the depth of the sketch that a future writer may have wilderness and surrounded by savave something of a guide to write a more tribes of Indians, they were tor a time complete history of these two families free from the persecution of their ene¬ who have wielded such an influence in mies. Ten years had passed away, when our local history. to their dismay it was discovered that We are indebted toT. El wood Williams they had been outwitted by the New for valuable information and to Oliver York land agents. The title to their Stover and William Williams for the property, which th9y held from the In¬ Tree use of their deeds, patents, etc. dians, was not valid in a court of law, and they were once more homeless. In the spring of 1723, thirty-three families of these people started for Pennsyivaoia. With an Indian for a guide they traveled on foot across the New York wilderness to tne head waters of the Susquehanna. Here the women and children were placed on rafts, on which they floated Tracing the Family Names and down the stream, while the men followed on foot along the shore. In this way they t* Character. passed bj the present site of Wilkesbarre, and were doubtless the first white people that ever saw the Wyoming Valley. PAPER READ BY JOHN A. RUTH, Continuing southward they reached the mouth of Swatara creek, some miles south ot the present site of Harrisburg. of Bethlehem, Before the Buek- I Following this stream toward its source wampnn Historical and Literary they were led into the Tulpehocken val¬ ley, and settled near Wommelsdorf, Association, at BlegelsvllJe, .June Berks county. Here they were joined 19, 189T. by other families several years later. Taught by bitter experiences, they did “ In 1705,” says Rupp, “ a num¬ not again neglect to take legal steps to ber of German Reformed residing secure titles to the homes they had once between Woltenbuttel and Hal- more redeemed from the wilderness. berstadt, fled to Neuweid, a town in Among those who thus settled at Tul¬ Rhenish Prussia, where they remained ( pehocken in 1723 and 1728 we find such lor some time, and then went to Hol¬ famiiar names as Lanlz, Rieth, Schaffer, land.” In 1707 these people sailed for | Fischer, Lesch, Anspach and Werner. New York, but adverse winds drove the In 1729 these people were joined by Con¬ vessel out ot its course, and they landed j rad Weiser, who also came from Scho¬ at Philadelphia. Determined to settle harie. WThen a boy he bad lived among among the Dutch, they started on foot for the Indians and had acquired their lan¬ numbering about 4000, set sail for New guage. He was destined to a career of York, where they arrived in June 1710, I singular usefulness to our State as an In¬ after a voyage of six months, during dian interpreter, and was in his day the which 1700 ot them had died. These ’ most prominent German in Pennsylva- people were the first German Lutherans ma- . -Previous to the Tulpehocken settle¬ to land in America. For some time they ment there were a number of Germans camped m tents on wbat is now Gover¬ located in Lancaster county. Some of nor’s Island in New York harbor. In these were Mennonites, who had fled the fail of the year, 1400 of them were re¬ from Zurich, Bern and Schaffhausen, in moved one hundred miles up the Hud¬ Switzerland, on account of religious per¬ son to Livingston Manor, where they secution. Among these people we find settled on government lands. The treat¬ the names Funk, Landes, Schenck or ment they received at the hands of the shank, Huoer and Kauffman. From New York authorities was extremely this time on Pennsylvania was the des¬ harsh. To escape certain starvation, in tination of every German immigrant, the fall of 1712, one hundred and fifty ihe lust treatment they received from families left the settlement and moved the authorities, and the alluring prospect some sixty miles further into the wilder¬ of possessing a home brought hither ness, to Schoharie Valley, where they many thousands of these “sons and had purchased a tract of land from the daughters of the relics ot the Reforma¬ New York, but weary ot their wander¬ tion.” From 1727 to 1775 more than three ings, settled at German Valley, Morris hundred shiploads ot German immi¬ county, N. J., end their descendants live grants landed at Philadelphia, lrom there yet. In the y»ar 1708 some 13,000 j whence they made their way into the surrounding country, and located tra I one cf w"boiii wasTjerman.ass: The enroll¬ of land to wnichthey soon acquired tith ment otf Nockapiixon contains 110 names, One of these streams of German settle j of wbok at least 83 were Germans. Berks swept ud the PerkiOmen valley an | and Lancaster, Bucks and Montgomery, eastward into Bucks county. Milfor J Philadilpbia and York sent to Washing¬ township was settled almost exclusively ton’s army their quotas ot men, hun¬ by these people. Many of them fount* dreds qf whom were sturdy sons of the homes in Springfield, Haycock, Nocka-I German fatherland. In the battle of mixon and other townships. Among the' Loug Island the Pennsylvania German earliest Germans in our county we find troops suffered severely tmd to them be- the names ot Jacob Klemmer, Jacob longs the credit ot saving Washington’s Sander, Philip Geisinger, George Bach¬ army from utter rout aud capture. Col. man and John Drissel, who were natural¬ Peter Kichline’s Pennsylvania German ized in 1729, and must have come to Riflemen, from Northampton county, America prior to 1722. The Lehigh val¬ held a pass in the hills on th9 present site ley soon became a vast German settle¬ ot Greenwood cemetery, Brooklyn. For ment, with here and there a few other six hours a large part of the British army nationalities. Berks county was almost made effort after effort to drive them entirely settled by Germans. The tide of lrom this position, but so deadly was settlers swept from Philadelphia west¬ their fire that the British were compelled ward into Lancaster, and southward into to retreat, leaving dead on the field Gen. York and across the line into Maryland. Grant, whose career was forever stopped This State had some German settlers as bybv a bullet lrom one of Kichline’s Rifle-Rifle¬ early at 1681. In 1714 twelve families men. The enemy finally gained the rear settled on the present site of Frederick- of the American position, and Kichline’s town. In 1743 there were German settle¬ regiment was crushed between the Brit¬ ments in the Shenandoah valley and ish and Hessian forces. The Germans other parts of Virginia. ItwastheGer- " fought to tbe last. Seventy-one of the mans who called Virginia Spottsylvania Easton company were either killed or in honor of Gov. Spottswood, from whom wounded. Those who were captured by they had received much kindness. About the enemy suffered unspeakable cruelties 1727 these people began to come to Penn¬ on board of the prison ships in New sylvania in such large numbers that the York harbor. Among these was Col. authorities became alarmed, tearing the Kichline. Several months later occurred colony would become a German the gallant defense of Fort Washington province. In 1755 the estimated popula¬ under Col. Magaw. Among his troops tion was 220,000, ot whom 100,000 were were many Germans from Pennsylvania. “Germans and other foreign Protest¬ Molly Pitcher, the heroine ot Monmouth, ants.” Taking advantage of their sim¬ was a Pennsylvania German. Her true plicity, the Colonial authorities urged name was Mary Ludwig. She followed these people to settle upon the frontiers her husband into tbe army, looking alter of the State. Here they were exposed to his wants while in camp and serving the continual danger from the Indians. other men bv supplying them with water, During the French and Indian War, from from this she was nick-named Molly 1754 to 1763, hundred ot them were mas¬ Pitcher. When her husband fell in bat¬ sacred along the Blue Mountains. tle, she promptly took his placeatbis gun Among those who thus lost their Jives in and for this service received a pension the counties of Northampton, Lehigh, I from the State. Other localities have Monroe and Carbon, we find the names claimed her as a native but Pennsylvania of Huth, Hartman, Decker, Klein, P.oth,/' takes precedence. Alter a long and uselul life she died and was buried at Bittenbeuder, Anders, Schaffer, Nitsch- Carlisle. General Morgan’s celebrated ixian and Schweigart. Virginia Riflemen might with betterpro- Pennsylvania has always received a priety have been named Pennsylvania very small amount of credit for the work Riflemen, for while 193 out of 421 men her soldiers performed in the war for in¬ were from Pennsylvania, only 163 were dependence. It history makes any men¬ from Virginia. Among these were some tion ot the Pennsylvania troops, it is Pennsylvania Germans. One oi these, usually the iact that they became mu¬ .Tost Burger, of Macungie, Lehigh coun¬ tinous during the New Jersey campaign ty, took part in the seige of Boston, was of 1780. The soldiers of New England, of present at the capture of Burgoyne al Virginia and other States are eulogized Saratoga, and in all saw six years ol for their bravery and devotion to the ■y continuous service. Michael Bobst, o; cause ot liberty. History is silent as to Lehigh county, served under General Pennsylvania. While we would not de¬ Stanwixin 1758-59, aud was a major ir tract from the fair fame of other States, the Revolution. Christopher Ludwick we would claim for our own State the another Pennsylvania GermaD, was ap- credit due to her for her patriotism and appointed by General Washington as valor in the day of battle. From the very chief commissary to the American army beginning of hostilities Pennsylvania It is related of him that after the battle o: took an active part in raising men and Germantown he heard that eight Hes¬ money lor the struggle. No class of our » sians had been captured. He inducec people were more loyal than the Ger¬ General Washington to place these pris¬ mans. Tories were comparatively few oners in his hands, and then took then among them. Almost to a man they among the many Germans in the vicinits stood by the government. The enrolling ot Philadelphia and showed them how of the militia of the State began in 1775, prosperous they were and how comforta¬ and throughout the German districts bly they lived, ana charged them to tell there was intense activity. In North¬ these things to the Hessians still in tb< ampton county there were enrolled 2334 British service. The result was that largf men, most of whom were Germans. The numbers of them deserted and settled it Eiston company numbered 101, of whom Pennsylvania. The lew facts wo havi 88 were Germans. Our neighboring town¬ presented show very conclusively tha ship of Springfield enrolled 56men, every did Mir trill share in ’ *struggle for liberty.' They were Dreseht fo thA ff bfU1? tr-°m the 8eig0 of Boston Yorktown. cuiminatlonof the struggle at ?nde^,?n,ntain® southward into Orange anu Fairfax counties in Virginia Thn la conclusion letus compare on r aneos andoXhtVaflAvC0UgreeatioD in theS1^n- tors with some of the other natiouaTtfes Pioneer T?UteJn Was organiZed by this pioneer ot the Gosnel. Rev Herrv atatfL thePe Germansr°oPrAT beganrlCa- toAlmost arrive asunkind soon ^elchior Muhlenberg, the patriarch o* things were said about them by their f IneiM2he RevChU^hin -rived Se“y *25$?TLftllZ founder of the RefoldChurlh^came

arrived in 1727. AH 'these and fnumber nojp?the°experience S en s i:fndebi,]men °/ scholarly attain¬ bad wrought to them in the iatherland ments, and did great and lasting gmri ■they caine to Pennsylvania for the nor’ among the Germans ot Penpsylvania pose ot finding a borne and freedom ofrel and other States. The religion Sf our an Irnious worship. A careful examination that ot Pp®st?“ta a strange contrast to of the recoros shows that they were al rPal 'Suntan New England. While most without exception voung men in Stood molalX1' WaS aIways on side the prime of liie, who brought withThem o „ooa morals, in many of its nhases it their families. While the Englishini - towardOTorfherand fott0“ veryt8inPtoleSraSn otcer immigrants in many cases brought toward other sects. Among the Ger considerable property, the Germans caTne ^^ibei-au and Reformed, Menno" here very poor. Many did not have the mte and Moravian, as well as other sects money necessary to pay for their passage d welt peaceably side by side, and usual-’ Hcioss the ocean. Upon arriving at 'Phil hum fboy so]d themselves and their families imo a species of servitude yearl1ffrtthe°rk l°r a cerfcain number of gs^srss.0*. svMte-s rnonpv ThpCOPany,WJl0 paid their sWp |WItem • iour“?y ttroogh the L«h?bh ymiey° i-.2urrSPeestors were expert agricultur- commenXoVthe p makes the following Xor'k XlWei'8 aomirably fitted lor the 1 •Kftl? the Germans of that secM—l work ci clearing up a cow country 1 ^Afong the road from Easton to ±-orts bringing it into a state suitable lor *suo I bv°thll Sk 1°°lGd upon as a barbarian ZTtl1 ou[tiviilia°'- Wherever they set tied they a. once began to clear away the 1 ijuoS. iik©like s°so niauy humanand T beino-sey geared to that°of th^h1 ‘I® qualifloatio£s equal to fleldssoontXktepircf Tbe™** talkedcaixeu EatinT atin lto1 them,tnpecies> whenTfoimri Repeatedly -‘tI

«;■> taSmPSSXPs'S SIS.S-

Michail h“deltI?S': ’> 6 Lteu ten InrMc-1. comity in the UnlteTstalM ai&7^UClhff luicnaei had taken time to stou at Hath lehem he would have found there a com as^-“=114: s.°i!S”nT ,sf

>n«rion iciidinynf they “e»»t“'S,oLgan tbe,. d“©rec-t"ly

bi&Titfa equalnuro.n0t say “«>«”« SmHSi '-thers ? Com ini Tom Xho i°f SUr tore- ?rometh^swoe qUalification papfrs, and

?n ou?Staete.rStEDKliSh Blble was Printed Our ancestors were in every wav fhn colonized Sfs belltoll^ra?'^aUh^asc,lt^^ m Deformed ia“TDtol>°rk these donhf fhiSO°A* some writers t* t t 11 most ipc^*P(iiHio ThomaXsaid . f.mharIy as 1738 Governor Oifi hn 9aspor Stoever arri ved fn 1729 o UULi« -Lutherans until tor some ye„, tbe .'.yttYSSedlltl'eT re to the SusJuKm JaM from "he J IC£S _ : research and accuracy- more that one hunclred and “faity years ago is true to-day. Eminently conserva¬ historical work, the following tive, as well as practical, the German from his paper on Boone are < people have given stability to the body interesting, as they concern the politic ol our Stat9. Their patriotic de¬ votion in 1776 turned the scale whioh de¬ question of his birthplace. termined that Pennsylvania should stand Perhaps no native of Bucks coun with Washington. More than 400,000 the Doctor, has been more celebrated Germans served in the Union armies Daniel Boone. In his day and for a during the late war. When, therefore, in the future, some historian free from period afterwards his fame was widely prejudice shall write our nation’shistory, spread through our couutry. As a then shall the Palatine “stand equal with pioueer, hunter, explorer of regions un¬ the New Englander and the Virginian. trodden bv white men, a'd forerunner ol In education, in the professions, in litera¬ civilization, he was surpassed by none, ture, theology and philosophy, the Penn¬ who more than a hundred years ago sylvania German occupies a place con¬ made their way to the pathless regions ot spicuous for excellence and worth. The Che West. He was born in lebnmry, true measure of the Pennsylvania Ger¬ I 1735,of Englsh parentage,his grandfather, man is the real measure ot the State.” George Boone, having emigrated from “Pennsylvania, the land ot the Quaker, Exeter, England, in 1717 with his wife The home ot the brave Palatine, and a large family of children. Daniel s The State that for honor and labor, father, {Squire Boone, Squire being a Is the grandest that ever has been. Christian name and not a title, ln lGo God bless this beloved institution, bought 140 acres of land in New Britain Her sons and daughters ever true, township, of Thomas Shute, of Philadel- Who always with loyal devotion. o hi a, on which property it is probable that Stand firm by the Red, White and' d! e noted son came into life seven years 1 a ter. —_ When he was about ten or twelve years ild the family removed to Berks county, and located near Reading. That part o. the country was then sparsely settled, large tracts were covered with unbroken forest, game was abundant, and in his boyhood he formed and strengthened the taste for hunting, which subsequently A Point of Disputed History Dis¬ characterized him. After remaining the e six or seven years his father, encouraged cussed, no doubt by Daniel.went to tbe sthl more primitive region ot central North Car lina, and bought a property not far iron HE WAS BORN IN NEW BRITAIN. Hie Yadkin river. Here was a held for the vouug man to cultivate his love ot nature'1 to see her in her .wildest aspec So Says Rev. Dr. D. K. Turner in a Sketch of and to roam over mountain, hill and v, the Great American Pioneer’s Life—An lev. rifle in hand. Wlnlejn this lo™ > lie married Rebecca Bryan, and p Interesting Paper on the Subject, so Fre¬ the occupation of a farmer several quently Discussed by Historians. but in 1761 becoming restless, he band of congenial spirits, crossd Dr. Bison, of Philadelphia, student and Ridge, and explored the head waters instructor of history, was asked during the Tenuessee river. A similar exp edit! followed three years later, aion0 i Institute week where Daniel Boone was sources of the Cumberland. I hese tou born. Dr. Elson replied that he did not increased the desire, which h know, as several places claimed the honor awakened in his mind, to throw ot his nativity. Berks county was men¬ restraints of artifical civilization a home, where the luxurious u: tioned among others It had long been refined society would no loDg believed, however, that Boone was born mode him, and where inequ in this county, and Bucks should cherish wealth and station would be carded. In 1767 a man, who the claim until something more authentic Far into the western wilderness, is know to contradict it. and depicted in glowing colors tl A year or two ago a sketch of the great of the region kown as Kentucky, American pioneer, Indian fighter and ex¬ forests, undisturbed hunting grou plorer of the wilderness, was written by tG Boone'at once formed a resolu Rev. D. K. Turner, of Hartsville, and visit it. and if the accounts read before the Bucks County Historical to cast his lot there. Two years however, before he could so aria Society. As the most stirring incidents affairs as to make protracted in Boone’s romantic career occurred iu from home possible. In 1-69u Kentucky, it has been assumed by many six hardy frontiersmen was tor, that he was a native of that State, which placed themselves under his lead set out on the first of May for t Is not true, however, for, according to unknown territory south of lyr. Turner, he was born in New Britain Their journey was toilsome township, this county. As Dr Turner is ous. The Indians, though - subjects to Great Britain, "'ere a gentleman of scholarly attainments, white me a, jealous of their encra and has achieved a reputation for careful F3

m? ?\f . r / /y j- s ■ y J' J j >* * and disposed to take 'fcrren’ lives or iorce them back east of the mountains. The tarvallers moved along their lonely way under the leafy arch above them, with I . little food but that which their rifles E From , SuAMqjL U C C A. furnished, five weeks. On the 7th of June C they reached an elevated spot,from which they beheld a wide prospect of the valley of the Kentucky river and its tributaries. \ '0*0 . Here they determined to erect cabins,and from this as a central point hunt the buffalo and make extensive explorations. Several months passed away in these Date,' .)GAL

The two field departments of the So¬ ALFRED PAECiTALL. TREASURER, IN ACCOUNT W'TH ciety are increasing in interest, one es¬ „ THE SOCIETY, pecially, promising great possibilities; -Dr , one of the marking of Interesting spots Balfding 19 1897 lfi qa with tablets or other memorial designa¬ General fund..es? w tions, the other the preservation of his¬ Received from membership’fee!. m fn toric objects by means of the camera to Received from donations. P. e.e.3."'. 105 00 Received for building fund.. 21 00-1525 3i hand down to those who come after us. C.R, The latter are preserved in a large al¬ r^DvS c?Jge,I’ianitor’1896. $ 4 C0 bum made for the purpose and now con¬ G®° „w-Shaw & Co., tablet at Keith* tain about 130 specimens—an increase of house, Washington’s Headquarters 35 40 nearly 100 the past year. The special Louis Taws rlbum for photographs 5 05 meeting in the court room last October, Pos?a™ CEB blU of Piling and 5 was oue of the most successful yet held. Express bins::::;:::;;—.1,1 (J If was largely attended and the interest L C. Lambrite. blank books..';;.'.'". 4 95 n ?r0Dze Co., tablet at increased by a lecture delivered by Hartsville, Washington’s Headqnar- Henry C. Mercer, Esq., on the “Tools of the Nation Maker,” a number of the most 8jj? interesting specimens being made use of as object lessons. As evidence of the grow¬ Dme!ting!.U

Intelliqenckb bill—caiiiogaes. sau; invitations, envelopes etc., $30.75....:. 250 75 The party was pined at the dam by* Mercer’s bill, record book ss Arthur Watts, tie owner and his son Balance due the society, general fund 67 40 William. ’ “ building ;• 39 98-$525 30 February 9,185§ I wrote down from I)oylestP’V‘rri, Pa., January 15th, Abraham McDowdl’s lips, an account of 1898, and respectfully submitted. the trial as he saw and remembered it, Alfred Paschall, Treasurer. which he related with great minuteness. Robert Eastburn and Asher Mattison At the time Fitfh boarded with the Mc¬ were appointed a committee to audit the Dowell family (and made the model in a accounts. log shop on the premises, in which Mc¬ The committee on marking the Tam¬ Dowell’s fatnercarried on weaving. They many grave reported as follows : lived over the Southampton line in War¬ Doylestow'n, Pa., Jan. 17,189S. minster and the home is still standing. Nathaniel Boileau, then a young man, liv¬ To the Bucks County Historical Society: ing with his father on the Montgomery The committee appointed to consider countydine, 300 yards away, made some ,umaj5e su£gGstion on marking the site parts of the machinery. The McDowell of the reputed burial place ot the Indian boy carried them back and forth. All Chief Tamenend, respectf ullv report: the circumstances were of a character Tne committee believes that an aged that served to impress themselves on his Indian of prominent position was buried mind. I was bom within rifle shot of at tne alleged site of Tammany’s grave, the McDowells and frequently heard about the year 1750, and that the buried Abraham talk about it, and near the Indian was believed by the early settlers Watt’s dam. of Bucks county to have been Tammany: I have Dot the least doubt of the facts (Tamenend;) transpiring as related to me. The mill, , T1iatJ:.hS Tamenend of Lenape history, the dam was to supply with water, was cb!6t 171S, and former owoer never built, owing to a death in the of the site in question, together with all family, and its site is now a beautiful tne lands between Neshaminy and Pen- meadow, with the stream running ufuwm creeks (sold by him to the whites through it, the same as before the dam in loJi), must have been reasonably well was built. It would, I think.be highly known to the pioneers of New Britain, proper to mark the dam, and I take who,about 53 years after he sold the grave pleasure in recommending it. It would site to white men,themselves declare that perpetuate an event of no mean historic they buried him at the spot; interest and importance. That Tamenend, notwithstanding his W. W. H. Davis, disappearance from public notice, and Committee. deposition from place, in 1718, may have lived until 1750; and that the iatter sup- The committee was continued to make positmn is in accord with the wide-spread furthor investigation. tradition of his groat age; The committee on revision of by-laws j That noD-mention of Tamenend bv reported that their work had not been accomplished and asked to be continued.. “i?sionario8 through the early half of the 18th century, cited by Sherman The committee on recognition ofj beaforeS1750 decisive evidence that he died I Bucks county in the great seal of Penn- ( syl vania Was continued. For these reasons the committee favors The committee on picturesque history marking the site with a cairn and obelisk 1 made thelollowing report. of unhewn stones, inscribed with the fol¬ lowing words: . Doylestown, Pa., Jan 17,1898. To the memory of the celebrated Len- ! To the Bucks County Historical Society: ape chieftain Tamenend, once owner of \ar,d between Neshaminy The committee on picturesque history and Pennypack creeks, these stones a^e begs leavp to report that the work en¬ placed at this spot, near which an aged trusted toit has bsen prosecuted during ^“dian called Tammany, by the pioneers the past year and the collection of Dictures ot Bucks county, was buried by white has been iacreased about three-fold. men about the year 1750. b. c. h, s. The plan of work and classification of On behalf of the committee, pictures have been continued as men¬ Henry C. Meroer, Chairman. tioned in fhe last report. The report was adopted, the committee A yearismce there were about forty discharged and the report referred to the pictures if she collection. There are board of trustees. now-. The Society’s album, here¬ The committee on the Fitch memorial with presented, shows the character as piesented the following report: well as the extent ol the work accom¬ plished. • Doylestown, Pa., Jan. 12,1898 The collection of pictures continues To the President and Directors of the to be a feature of much popular interest Bucks County Historical Society, at the Society’s meetings. The fact that it elicits warm commendation from many Gentlemen : The undersigned com¬ mittee was appointed to report on the visitors, as a valuable adjunct to histori¬ matter oi the erection ot a suitable cal interest and study, is a most en¬ couraging and substantial endorsement PUnh°r-a1, t0imark the so°t where John of this phase of work. The further fact eha'ethe steamboat, made II that efforts have been made to secure ArthurArtW VVattW«n>° a fdam,HhlS Southamptono0de1, This wastown- on | duplicates oi several of the Societv’s ship, at Davisville, about 1786-87 in the pictures, which have not, however, been presence of several neighbors: James permitted to go into other bands, is also disinterested evidence of outside appre¬ haQ?1Sutphln’ Anthony Scout! ciation and endorsement of this collec¬ wnnamV°We taDd hls son Abraham, tion. yansant and Charles Garrison. Young McDowell was about six year old. The committee again notes the abund¬ ance, value and interest of material with- Jn Bucks county, which is proper and Wi - - W - ' . - • «.* uorn wrm Rnciasses to Collect and board desirable lor pictorial preservation. Be¬ treasures. It is one of the first traits' to sides the ancient and historical buildings appear in a child, and the relics ot a and landmarks ot the county, the col¬ bygone youth are the deaiest possessions lection ol Tools ol the Nation Maker has of the old. These trifles, symbols of an opened up a new field, which gives almost forgotten past, meet us every¬ promise of extensive, picturesque and where. They are as various in kinds as valuable returns. the characters that once cherished them. There has been some expense connected These—the treasures of the dead—should with the work of the committee—thus far be touched with reverent fingers. borne by the individual members. To i My first introduction to the stndyof partially meet this outlay and cover the history began with the Revolutionary cost ot materials, it has been determined War. I remember rushiDg home from to ask the Society to adopt and pay a school, on fire with patriotism, and eager¬ nominal price of ten cents (10c) tor each ly questioning all the grown folks lor platinotype picture mounted. There are stones, if possible of a personal nature, now -- pictures in the album, winch concerning those stirring times. I was would make the bill for pictures to date seriously annoyed at the pacific princi¬ e-—, The committee has incuired no ples of Friends, which prevented them other obligations. from takiDg part in the conflict. I did so Respectfully submitted, want one ancestors to have carried a J. P. Hutchinson, Chairman. musket through the war for Independ¬ ence. But contentment had to be found The committee at Washington me- in smaller things. In part ot the stone I morial at Hartsville verbally reported wall of an old shed was firmly lodged an completion of their work and bills paid, iron shell, a mute witness of Revolution¬ as per the treasurer’s report. The re¬ ary times. Whether it was hurled lrom port was accepted and the committee the cannon of a flying foe or from the pa¬ j discharged. triots, guns is uncertain. Safe in the old A communication from Samuel F. stone wall it rested many years. One i Gwinner, relative to the crossing of spring the empty shell was espied by the Washington’s army at Taylorsville,] bright eyes oi a little wren, hunting a 1776-7, was read by the secretary, after home. “What a nice house that would which the meeting adjourned until 2 be,” twittered she, and she called her o’clock. husband. He approved the site and this The afternoon session of the Historical young couple set up housekeeping in the missile of war. Many summers the Society opened at two o’clock, in the wrens and their descendants made the Court Room, with a largely increased hollow shell their home. At last the audience. The guests and members from wall was torn down, then the birds, in¬ a distance had been entertained at lunch, dignant at this vandalism, sought an¬ by the local lady members ot the society other home. And by gray haired men, and all were in fine humor to be enter¬ then school boys, the wren’s nest is still tained and enjoy the literary feast of the remembered. The old shell had a check¬ day. ered existence after that. It was so heavy The secretary presented the following no one knew just what to do with it. It' list ot names, all of the persons being was rolled from oue dark, cob-webbed thereupon elected to membership : Mrs corner to another until it was rescued by Sarah DuBois Mowry, Chester; Mr. and one kind friend and taken to end its Mrs. H. S. Prentiss Nichols, German¬ days in the peacelul room of the His¬ town; Robert Pitfield Brown, Philadel¬ torical Society. phia; Edward H. Magili, Swarthmore; The only other relic oi those times our Richard R. Paxson, Eliza H. Ruckman, house afforded was a half dozen silver John H. Ruckman, Labaska; Mary At¬ teaspoons, part of the outset of a bride of kinson Watson, DoylestowD; Stacy B. 1777. They must have always had the Bray, Lydia B. W. VanHorn, Jervas greatest care. The engraving on the Ely, Lambertville; Eleanor Foulke handle is in perfect preservation and the Quakertown; Elizabeth M. Fell, Emily pea-fowl on the back of the bowl is easily C. Fell, Susan W. Atkinson, Holicong. seen on every spoon. They are little larger than the after dinner coffee spoon The committee on nomination of and you can imagine my pride and de¬ trustees, T. Howard Atkinson, Mrs. light at being permitted to use them at Thomas C. Knowles and Mrs. William C. the tea table. Newell, reported the names below, who In grandfather’s house there stood a were elected by acclamation as the board tall chest of drawers. The linen, rose leaf tor 1898: Geu. W. W. H. Davis, Rev. D. scented, the shawls, the beautifully K. Turner, John S. Williams, Alfred quilted silk petticoats, found in the low¬ Paschall, Thomas C. Knowles, Henry C. er drawers, were at one time of little in¬ "r®5!®D Mr8- Richard Watson, Mrs. Anna terest. But those top drawers! Out ot Wfifiams, Mrs. Harman Yerkes. reach of rummaging childish fingers,they * u 6 jpditors, Robert Eastburn and ever seemed a realm ot mystery. They Asher Mattison, made a written report were up so high that even a chair and a finding the accounts correct with a bal- stool on it brought forth only a tumble nee due the society of f67.40 in the gen- and a bump. And a magic world they tond Bnd $39 93 in the building fund. proved when at length curiosity was \t the conclusion of the transaction of gratified. Oh, the wonderful things above business, Chairman Davis in- made in croBS-stitch, the long silk mitts, oduced Miss Mattie Reeder,of Solebury, the beaded purses, each had its own who read the following paper, entitled story and to the telling a childish listener SOME FORGOTTEN TREASURES. never wearied. There was one long curl There is an instinct that seems to be of hair and the halt of a silver claspupon which letters were engraved. The lock of ■ 1 — ' .. " hair was the exact color ol my own and P when I learned it nad adorned the head of a girl who, almost one hundred_ years ago had IivedTind plaTedTwTTere i n,~rt f?«dfP?arf itfasoioaLdma The cuff to the dark days oTShe Civil War, copies the trinket, a book in which her name of the old prophesy were brought to light was written, were all that was left to tel? and discussed by many serious minded w,°r^0f“.Mary-” 1 tbo^htand won¬ people. In the peaceful years that have dered about her so much that at last she lollowed.it has been forgotten. No mat- ter what its value as a prophesy may be, r“‘- a thing taat so deeply stirred the hearts of our forefathers, deserves at Jeast a rememberance by their decendants. ^rasgaas-s.*^,; It is among these almost lorgotten treasures, that the only opportunity asasss* comes to me to add my little to the yet unwritten past. At the close of Miss Reeder’s paper which met with cordial approval, Chair man Davis introduced Dr. Edward H. ff asi/SHS Magill, of Swarthmore, who read a most valuable and interesting paper on “The Underground Railroad in Bucks County and its Managers.” Dr. Magill snoke from the standpoint of personal associa¬ tion and contract with the individuals whose actions he discussed, and his f, S ^ vivid portrayal of the times that tried fhl suglest ifsWUlly cheris^ed feat liness and courage, when the best citizens defied the worst laws which ™ ;“e™rr„ai ss^a disgraced our statute books, were an in- spiration to the older part o 1 the audience apd a revelation to those younger. Dr. ^"4-! s«sr Magill s paper is in the possession of the Intelligencer and will be presented to (iiir reBdws complete very soon. tfinketaand hGnthlS half^ of the old-time Chair next introduced Edward low and ?faffP

7 . from the rightful owners to pur,pose» I he°end iflmos* ohaosrei|ned. But!? ‘This powtefshaUCnofa?miS0d C0lnt°i"t. vith it I shTl? chasfise m^a7hS-ftand’ but hey return to thf t??rmy,Chllaren Tmtil 1 orefathp;« pnr taithlulness of their feat is cominp 1-'nlnfI,ouities thou seests -'5$SSli?S WHEN MEN WERE SOLD. ea^burden, that for my own re’liff ? The Underground Railroad ave written it.” When tha^h,- et 1 iade known it created „ visi0n was iming as if d-vf < ereat excitement in Bucks County.

ifle Famous Route from Slavery to Free¬ dom, as Described Before the Bucks I county Historical Society, toy Dr. Edward tional councils at Washington and a H. Magiil, of swartbmore, Jan. 18, ’98. growing tendency was observed to form, regardless of political differences, a pro- slavery and au anti-slavery party. The It is always a source ot great pleasure values ot property in slaves became more and more precarious along the northern to me to return to my native county ot border ot the Slave States, owing to their Buoks, and it is an especial pleasure to¬ facilities to escape into a free territory in day to meet this Historical Society of our the North and this escape began to be county, which is so laudably engaged m more and more promoted by the spread of the anti-slavery sentiment in the collecting, and placing in permanent Northern States. As a consequence the form, the various means of preserving practice became more common for the the memories of the past. And the sub¬ planters ot the border States to sell to the far off cotton plantations of the Gull ject which you have given me is one States, those slaves who were most rest¬ which has special attractions, presenting less under the yoke, and especially those as it does the onportunity to do some who attempted to gain their liberty by fuBtice to those brave and loyal men and flight, aided by friends in the North. women of the earlier day, whose loyalty Before the end ot the first decade of the consisted, not in obeying wicked laws ot present century the hegira of the South¬ human enactment, but in unswerving ern slaves toward the promised land ot fealtv to what they so appropriately Canada had fairly set in. It will called the Higher Law, the law of God, be observed that this land of promise was written indelibly in the human heart. not reached until they had passed the It was obedience to this !aw that enabled limits ot this boasted land ot liberty, and those brave fathers and mothers ot oars arrived in a territory governed by an E?5$S*Vfclr cou.t,ylromb.<,om. English king. Thus, when the hunted ing a free hunting ground lor the South fugitives started on their Northern jour¬ ern task-master pursuing his fleeing ney, following the light ot the North Star fugitive, and to open through our coun¬ by night and Uiding during the day in ty a comparatively free passage to that the barns, deep woods, under hay stacks, land of Treedom which, by the unerring corn shocks or any other available place guidance of the North Star, and long and of concealment which they found upon lonely midnight travel, they sought in their route, they but little appreciated the the good Queen’s dominions, and which long and weary way before them. In¬ thov failed to find under the broad regis i deed, many were grievously disappoint¬ ot our National flag, the Stars and Stripes. ed on finding that, on reaching a Free My subject, then, may a^°unA°dd^; State, they were still within easy reach ot “Some Reminiscences of the under their pursuing masters, who sought them ground Railroad in Bucks County? and eagerly to increase their stock ot slaves for the Southern market. The fact that ^IU^difficul't for the present generation being sold to the far South was the al¬ of young people to imagine the necessity most certain penalty of an attempt to se¬ xor the existence, in this tree country, o cure their freedom greatly increased their such an organization as the U nderground fear of recapture, and made to every col¬ Railroad. The institution ot American ored family in the border Free States the Hlaverv by which more than three mil- name of kidnapper a terror indeed. 1 say Uon human beings were held in the most to ©very colored family, for even free abiect servitude, and regarded as chattels, colored persons, who had never been in to be bought and sold, ruthlessly sepa- slavery, not infrequently were seized as rated by the will of the master, regard¬ fugitives and hurried away, sometimes less of family ties, and all of the horrors without even the form of a trial, to the attendant upon the public auction sales Southern market. ot men, women and children to the h'gh- This Northward migration toward the est bidder, and itheir being driven daily promised land of freedom was naturally to their labor in the fields by ruthless and greatest in the State of Pennsylvania, the heartless task-masters, have now happily States further west being comparatively become a thing of the past, requiring a unsettled at this early period; and in strong effort ot the imagination even to Pennsylvania perhaps no counties were traversed by so large a number of fugi¬ C°Tt-Cwas early in the present century that tives as those of ^tork, Adams, Chester the comparatively small number of slaves and Lancaster. These counties, especial¬ held in the Northern States were gradu¬ ly the two latter, were largely settled by ally set tree and a very distinct line be Friends, who were generally known to tween the tree and the slave States be¬ be in sympathy with the escaping slaves came fully established. T^A^^^ern I may here remark that Dr. Hiram Cor¬ Mason and Dixon’s line, on the soutnern son, in his paper before th9 Montgomery border of our State of Pennsylvania), County Historical Society a few yeare separating, as it did, so wideJy varying since, stated that nearly all of those In views and interests, was early telttby,th® that county who were accounted as abo most far-seeing of our statesmen to be a litionists were members of the religious serious menace to the well-bei S , society of Friends. Ot course, even there Republic, if indeed it did “otVBrv dis- there were notable exceptions, prominen threaten its destruction at no ye£y among whom tor many years was th* tant day. As a result ot this distinct Rqy, Samuel Aaron, of Norristown division of interests, and consequent dif¬ These counties of Chester and Lancaste ference ot views upon so important a were also far enough from the border t question as that of human slavery, hostile afford a temporary place of safety afte. feelings were constantly on the increase passing the line of the Slave States. Ii between the North and s°^Ad“"^hlge the little town of Columbia, incorporate* first quarter of the present century. These a few years later, there was, at the tun were especially manifested in our in a ot which I speak, near the year 1810, considerable settlement of colored peopl* ■'jfir. 99

and to tnesea numneroi escaping lasi- txves became united. But the danger of cruelty and inhumanity of a nr-sm pursuit and of restoration to bondage whichcould thus deprive human bem-s constantly increased. It was soon alter liberty Inall0nable right to life and this period that the thought was con ceived of forming a line of stations from towafd the north, tne northeast tbe norI;hwest, these stations to be the homes of well-known friends of the SprS'S f.lav®* a°d f bout 10 miles apart, making it a comfortable night’s journey on foot from one to another. Th'ese three noith-

■ESFff°r: ■«»sS. I North did not nmoonf bAt*^®ry» the I Se^Sth,* hav?nPgSmmily°e | connections with the Spnth °Z bu8m,ess iorwardforwardC hbyhi genigbfc• °L theand roiUe bsing?' »nd parAfniixr going fn ni.ealed by day by the chosen friends in charge of the stations on the route the

and •™t”“ ^

fheViesty8fOCTety' abou£ 18«2 ^wat^n •iiHrfrna, instead of securingssa,*a.at their fugitives smns’in8nth«ey- had d0De on variouf occa- atter fffiw^10liu years* now found that alter iollowing them thus far all trace of pHT? ®Vd<|0nl;Y disaPPeared and they an¬ grily declared that there must be an I tional abolition S“lave^ ,t d «nco?di- na?Jhhn°hnd/ailn?ad somewhere in the of the slave and the dutWfh £ le right neigh b9rhood. This is said to be has afnci11 hoc thla exPression which « become so familiar. This method of transporting the escaping slaves through the Frel States of PtSf our ownTnH°dHThlch extended later to I VY, and otber counties, and which j a® kept up even after the keepers of the ^reIPIgrPUind ,stati°ns assumed so much m the Liberator ot “0£t°P°w adopted greater risk after the Dassage, in 18i0 of the infamous bill known asgthe Fughive Slave Law, was originated, and first tffis 'g&fvLby th« S** w“lih!, o7“o%mi,birppre“8Cl' WiU1,“ principal line of escape through Pennsylvania was by way of Ymjf |a^s6>l£va and Chester counties,’ s^sassMSii^^, the underground line through Bucks less nerTecHv88 used: and conTequenUy8 less perfectly organized. Still mar.v our principles nevai” The b,ut f aY®8 ca“e through the county, reaching county name found ,1, V ,-only Bucks d .th/ough the Northeastern Cheste? county line, by way of Norristown m .teSe5,ftZ1Sua,°t*hi?a;“1t, »‘«P2J e?fnnVP throush Philadelphia Pa^mf ]lviog?Din °f 0rec^?,ng them wt’,° is still era on tneir way home from market fre- ^’rePCy brought them up, sent on by the Teiv frecnBntf Philadelphia, and these very irequently found homes and occu¬ pation with the Bucks county fartr^ •« yem-s ° remaining for several Principles was ity of woman was not mV,1 the,equa1' than JrP* jaagiii,Magilf VWoi Soiebury, my fathermany- Jonaworo- thus received, beginning as far back as my memory extends. Many storfes of the list of sign“s of thrt6fiPPfe^rs upon heir experiences as slavesf and their «on. When they were abou^^eClara’ sffcrts lo escape, were told my brother paper, knowing thaMtw to, Slgn the Sen whfch s?y?6lf by our hired colored their business ?f ongaged in'smffhr°y :?e°’ wm°h stories are more or less dis trade, a friend, whose naL n Southern -met in my memory. The general im forbear to mention said mV knovY’ but session left on my mind by t h e se f" mt ‘‘Remember, thou art in'ttJeS wlth?h’ *nnirrr°y^

AiVe?“JbVwasaeVefarwefcofGarrison’s visitor at myWfather’sah"uSCe°mlXej£l? I fhen but six years of age ISweliA'rLb°Ugb:l .hr,,, with whilh wTheSd1 oui | ‘ mans, the Jaimeys, the Turnings, Jona j ead in our little sitting room that than Palmer, William Lloyd, William amorable first editorial ot the great Burgess, Jolly Longshore. mti-Slavery leader, closing with the After a journey northward of from ten ords: “These are the principles by to twenty miles the fugitives were receiv¬ chichi shall be guided ; I will not r«- ed and kindly cared for until ready to go -act a single inch, and I will be bear^* J- further north, by the Atkinsons, the nay add here that besides the Liberator, Browns, the Tregos, the Blackfans. the the other principal anti-slavery papers,the Smiths, the Simpsons, the Paxsons,John Pennsylvania Freeman and the Rational E, Kenderdine,Jonathan P. Magill, Jacob Anti-Slavery Standard were/egularly Heston, William H. Johnson, Joseph received at my lather’s house-/ Hell and Li ward Williams- ' Of the comparatively smml oand wno entered thus early on the anti-slavery Having but slight acquaintance with work in Bucks county, there were none friends of the slave in the northern end who were not actively ihteresteu from the beginning in the Operation of the of the county I can only say that the under-ground railroad. Indeed for friends of the middle section genera11/, membership in that organization, ot forwarded fugitives to Richard Moore, of which our own Robert Purvis was nresi- , Ouakertown, or sometimes, more direct- dent for so many years, and whose only lv further on by stage or private convey¬ dividend received by the shareholders ing to theVails or to Jacob Singmaster, of Stroudsburg! On reaching these North- eifpomts, having put so many miles bf

were Jole &ua 7 were some* ssss:

ia Montrose,or Caleb Carraalt.mFrien ville, and other friends to aid them, Uier had reached groand on which, m those days of difficult travel, the slave holder but rarely ventured in search ot his slaves A comparatively short journey ate'ss.'ssjrs™ i»th. «*>■ Sm iheVo places brousbt them to the erty,So larfind as I have^ree ^.eeJabeueen an.eavei to ascertain for the ^The^taorneof ou^ friend Richard Moore, tn OuakertowD, being the last tmport- the routes of N°rt“® marked through ant^station of the Underground Railroad slaves were less clear y “rough Chester fn our county and being the point where Bucks than tiae^ .ntieg The ten mile the northeastern Chester county line and and Lancaster ’ n the stations most ot Bucks county lines converged I limit tor the have felt that it would be » “a“er ,°dr was also .far leas entered esnecial interest to know all that I could The escaping lagltJ/e® outh by way ot learn of this station from the b6Sl a.o- the county ^^t many came by the rp0 this end I have beeD twice Philadelphia, but many already granted an interview by A1R®'!e^f°his bort’ueast Chester coun y Jrriatown. m i the grandson of Richard Moore, at his relerred to, by way were especially in- office in Philadelphia. I learn from him naming families. whc• "e^*pnlaWlul (?) terested -n this human bt£rougtl Bucks that Richard Moore, while not ready to Sfi^M th. early “fg work of a'dl,r?g(1^ lbt]ess omit some who revolutionary motto: No Union wim county, I shall with those Slaveholders,” still felt prompted by were equally lntr® 0r rn ed with them kind sympathy many years ago to aid named, and who P oal-t of the work, on their way the escaping fugitives an equally impor!laut^i t risk in Kis home soon became known to the and incurred1 with thorn Q( in direct minds farther South as a place where all carrying out thei tly regarded as fugitives forwarded would receive kindly violation ot what they mUst name cafe and needed assistance in their con¬ Iniquitous laws. O j have myself tinued fight. Thence they soon Degan to those with whose worn comtTdirected to thl. borne lb very been most familiar. of the In the lower whQ Were cmnty am°“g r0ceive with sym- tver reaay t0 fuffitives, to care p ithy these unhappy tor them ern- lor them, and give dared to stop ploy men t so long as tn y wlth on their Northern fi ght ana e.r friends obiect of bis search, being forwarned ol bis apDroach, had escaped by a back door the proper fl?r?n heiD them on their way further North, to help ta. q tbeir own either by takl^timPg covered over or conveyances, someti in Case of disguised to avoid dete 10sending them pursuit and searen. o ^ Bing jU that himselffifr8find^heru employ ment^mong on by trusted friends traveU^ B geemed direction, or ^^^heir fares and sand- "dny KS-wS « safe to do so, payi K coanty being was so^efeat that they were anxious to b ing them by stage (B_may mention ■nassed on as soon as possible to a real lan then without railroads), I Barclay nf freedom in Canada. These were, o the names of qwains, the Bean- j llTMt ott at once and generall: letters to friends in Montrose o the Buck-1 Much of the route betwee if (York, Maryland, named Benjamin Jone- Juakertown and these farther stations, (called Big Ben from his immense size..-; ip the valley ot the Lehigh and the Sus¬ measuring according to his own and.’ quehanna, was through a then unsettled others’ testimony 6 feet 104 inches in ountry where the probabilities of dis- stature), with four other slaves, fearing lovery and arrest were but slight. But that they were about to be sold to the here, as elsewhere, most ol their travel- Southern market, started on a Northern ng was done at night, they lying safely journey by night toward a land of free-„i sonoealed in some dark ravine or lmpene- dom. After many risks and hardships, ,rable morass or brushwood during the being frequently aided by kind friends of lay. The cruel treatment of these poor the Underground Railroad by the way, ireatures at home may be well conceived they succeeded in reaching Buckingham, )n considering the terror of many of ;hem by day and by night, even in the in this county, where some of them found employment. Big Ben worked for lepths of these interminable forests, with hundreds of miles ol travel between Jonathan Fell, father of Joshua Fell, of Mechanicsville ; Thomas Bye, William them and their masters whom they so Stavely and others tor about eleven greatly feared. years. He was one day chopping in the One of the slaves who reached this safe station at Quakertown about the year woods near Forestville, when his former 1850, just about the time of the passage master, William Anderson, with four of the Fugitive Slave Law, seemed es¬ other men, one of them at least a noted pecially brave, being destitute of fear draws® •& amwfcffiB even in that most trying time. He was a to the South. His fellow laborers were slave of Abraham Shriner, of Pipe Creek, frightened and fled, leaving Ben alone to Maryland, and was known as Bill Budd cope with five men. He defended himself at home, but on running away from desperately with his axe, and said after¬ bondage assumed the name of Henry wards that at one time he had them ail Franklin, it being naturally a very com¬ five on the ground at once. But at length mon practice with runaway slaves to take he was tripped up and overpowered, but an assumed name. This man did not not without seriously wounding several care to be sent to Canada, and was em¬ of his captors and receiving injuries him¬ ployed as a carter by Richard Moore for self from which he never wholly re¬ several years. During this time he was covered. This seems to be one of those , much engaged in carting coal from the Lehigh river, there being then no rail¬ cases where a slave was returned to the road to Quakertown. There were often South without even the form of atrial. slaves to be sent northward, and he He was taken to Baltimore and placed iu would load his wagon with them in the Hope H. Slater’s notorious slave prison evening, cover them well with straw, to await sale to the far off cotton fields of and take them up during the might, giv¬ the Gulf States, the usual fate of returned ing them so much of a start on the lonely fugitive slaves. But his wounds made road toward Friendsville, and return with him unsalable (much to his mastei’s a load ot coal the next day. Alfred chagrin, who had hoped to take him un¬ Moore is quite confident that one of the harmed for obvious reasons, with slaves thus carried north by nenry which humanity bad little to do), Franklin was Parker, the principal hero and he was confined to this slave- in the Christiana tragedy. This brave pen, when a meeting was called at For¬ Franklin, who was thus instrumental ir estville, of which I take the following re¬ aiding so many slaves to secure their port from the Pennsylvania Freeman ot freedom, afterwards came to Philadelphia June 6th, 1814 where he was for a number of years jani¬ “An animated meeting was held on the tor in the Academy of Fine Arts, and subject of Big Ben on the 26th ultimo in lived in Philadelphia until his death. Forestville, at which George Chapman Richard Moore had sent on fugitives for presided and R. H. Donatt acted as secre¬ several years, and when the number be¬ tary, and the following, among other came quite large he began to keep a spirited resolutions, was adopted : regular record, and after that time, until “Resolved, That it is the duty of every the war qmade escape from slavery un¬ one to do all that he constitutionally can j necessary, he recorded the names of to defeat and baffle the slave catcher, to f about six hundred. Many of these, how¬ protect his prey from his grasp, and to ever, did not come through the lower end hold up to public scorn and indignation ' of Bucks county, but reached his station the infamous conduct of the Baillys and by way of Norristown and the northeast¬ Hubbards and all other Northern men ern Chester county line. who sell their principles and barter the Thus far (except the case of Bill Budd, rights of their fellow men for Southern alias Henry Franklin), I have spoken gold.” rather on the general aspect of the ques¬ The sum of 1700, the amount demanded tion under consideration. I now proceed by Slater, was soon after raised, and to give, with some detail, a few indi¬ George Chapman and Jonathan K. Bon¬ vidual cases of the escape of slaves ham were sent on behalf of the citizens, through our county, and their recapture who paid the ransom and restored the in it, which details I have endeavored to kidnapped slave to his adopted Northern confirm by a carelul personal investiga¬ home. tion. After his return to Bucks county he Although the case of Big Ben has been was never the same man that he was be¬ quite fully stated in the public press, as fore. His physical strength was much it occurred more than half a century ago, impaired by the wounds received in his it has been suggested to me that the struggle for liberty and his spirit seemed young people of this generation know much broken. He worked for a time in little or nothing about it and that I had D ^kingham, and in my own native better include at least a brief outline of it township, where I remember seeing him in these reminiscences. occasionally, fend, although bowed down It was about 65 years ago that a slave ol somewhat by the hardships which he had one, William Anderson, near Little undergone, I was always impressed by his enormous stature. His feet especial- ly were conspiciously large, and one of wagon to water his horses at some stream the jokes thalj then passed current was on the road. If enquired of on the way that his shoes were never mated, one be¬ he was to say that he was going to Rich¬ ing older than the other, a3 it took so ard Moore’s pottery, the abundance of much leather to make him a pair that he straw in the wagon being, of course, sup¬ could afford to buy but one at a time. He posed to be for packing the wares on his was married some ten years after his re¬ return. He made the journey without turn to a woman named Sarah Johnson, molestation, united the man and his of Norristown, who spent with him the family and they were promptly forward¬ last years of his life in the Bucks County ed to Canada on the Underground Rail¬ Hospital, where they told a visitor they road, by the usual route. were well off, as they always had plenty Let me give you an amusing instance j to eat andwear. I suppose Ben’s shoes of one of the difficulties encountered were mated after the county began to foot in investigating this subject of the Under¬ his shoemaker’s bills! ground Railroad. Wishing to know For information as to the case of Big more about one of the points where an Ben I am especially indebted to Alfred important underground station seemed and Edward Paschall, who interviewed to have been successfully worked lor a him in the Asylum toward the close of number of years, and knowing no one in his life, and obtained important statistics that vicinity, I addressed a letter of en¬ as to his life and his escape from slavery. quiry to the postmaster there, briefly I am informed by John S. Brown, now stating what I desired, and why. In a of Swarthmore, formerly for many years week I received the following reply: the successful and honored head of the | “There is a mistake about there being' Bucks County intelligences, that an Underground Railroad here. There is some time in 1837, he having finished his no railroad, nor was there ever any slaves apprenticeship,and living with his moth¬ here that anybody here knows anything er in Piumstead during the temporary about. I anj sorry I can’t give you any absence of his father in the West, he was information on the subject you have so one day in Doylestown on business, and I much at heart, but indeed I can not.’’ as he passed the Temperance hotel, then kept by his brother-in-law, Kirk J. Price, Mr. Price stepped out and asked COLONIAL RELICS. him, in a somewhat mysterious manner, to keep a sharp look-out as he passed a corn field along Academy Lane, and a Many New Specimens Added passenger would present herself, whom he was to take to the house of Charles to the Museum. and Martha Smith, in Piumstead, (Mar¬ tha being his lather’s sister) ask no ques¬ tions, and leave her in their care. He in Increase Well-Nifii in the Ratio of did as directed, and soon saw a woman looking cautiously out from between the Compound Interest Marks the Progress corn rows, stopped and took her in, con¬ veyed her to the house of his aunt, and of the Collection of the Bucks County they gladly received her and no d. ubt Historical Society. forwarded her on her way to the next Underground station at either Quaker- tow i or Stroudsburg. In that way, he An increase well Digh iD the ratio of says, he became for one day, a conductor on the Underground Railroad. iompound interest has marked the pro- From Isaac Warner, of Hatboro, I tress of the colonial collection in the learn that his father’s house was one of nuseum of the Bucks County the stations of the Underground railroad, and that slaves would frequently stop Tistorical Society at Doylestown there, hire out in the neighborhood for a lince the catalogue, “Tools of few days, and then be directed, with, of he Nation Maker,’’ was issued in course, the necessary letters and needed Ictober last. aid, to the house of the father of Isaac’s first wife, Richard Moore, of Quaker- Donors have been so numerous that town, whose home has already been de¬ heir gifts must be discussed rather in scribed as the last and one of the most groups than specifically. ! important stations in the northern part of our county. This was during the Previously overlooked Dyerstown, thirties, early in the history of regular hrough the bounty of James Barclay, anti-slavery organizations. About 1835 Miss Barclay and Miss Ann Burgess,has one Joe Smith, who had worked for iverwhelmed the society with presents, Isaac Warner’s father some two years, i-n antique panelled sleigh surmounted being one of that large number who did vith an acorn figure-head, too large for not care to be lorwarded to Canada, went ,he floor, hangs from the ceiling of the to Byberry and engaged with a Mr. Wal¬ nuseum. Iu this group of objects reach- ton there, and soon after married a free iig back to the time of the founders of woman, by whom he had two children. tioadside Mill on Upper Pine Run, is Early in the spring of’37 or ’38, learning seen John Dyer’s three-cornered hat of that his master was seeking him in the more than a century ago, his purse with Tieighborhoofl, he was at once sent on to ‘°ur pieces of Continental money, an Quakertown> of course, to the care of ancient child’s cradle, several colored Richard Moore. Shortly after, Isaac in¬ prints illustrating scenes in the Mexican forms me, the wife and children were war, old sleigh bells, mince meat knife, sent to his father’s house, where he had lantern, yoke for a jumping cow and an them covered up in a wagon with plenty aDcient’s child’s top. ofstraw andt started with them to Qua- Then comes the region about Deep kertown. Bje was directed to stop no¬ Run, adding liberally to the collection of where on the road for fear of detection, •specimens of illuminated handwriting, and to take with him a bucket in the through the kindness of Henry K. Gross, A sofa of peculiar interest by reason of Abraham Godshalk and Isaac Gross, its form and association has just been illustrated further by companion sheets presented by George H. Hull, of Dan- from John Walters, of Chalfont, and borough. It is an old red specimen with taufscheiner covered with hearts, flying peculiar slats. figures, birds and tulips in many colors, Any one interested in the early story of of Nathan D, Roeder andS. W. Boyer, the United States revenue and the rela¬ otSpinnerstown, and Oliver H. Erdman, tion of distillation to the community lof Steinsburg. should see the household still with coil in A number of yellow slip-decorat¬ barrel and double copper boiler with ed pie dishes, showing uniform bird-shaped head, long used lor distil¬ figures playing fife and drum, ling herbs, medicines and applejack by a woman on horseback and stag the Armitage family of Sofeburyjin Colo¬ hunt, supplement the previous collection nial times. This generous gift of John of Bucks county earthenware. With A. Ellis, of Mechanics Yalley, together these—thanks to the kindness oi Mrs. with two large tin kitchens, a calabash Elvina Dickenshieb, of Spinnerstown— tobacco box, a cup for wetting the fingers the society is able to boast of a pie dish while spinning, a beautiful brass kettle with the following translated motto for making applebutter, a series of inter¬ | around a large yellow star : esting prints and pictures, a tobacconist’s Indian, a hominy mortar of apple wood “In this dish shines a star, and a pestle, a large wooden comb on The girls like the boys.” wheels used to drag across the clover field and catch the heads, an interesting ("In dev schusel steth ein stern, series of tallow candle dipping machines Die medger hen die buben gem.’’) given by Mrs. Amos Armitage, James “Eating is for body and life, H. Grier, Samuel F. Ginsley, Henry S. And drinking does not go badly with it.” Fisher, Mrs. Isaac H. Worstall and Mr. Frantz, are a tew of the objects that at¬ ("Das essen ist vor leib und leben, tract the particular attention of the visi¬ Trinken ist auch gut darneben.”) tor to an overcrowded museum. It would require many columns to go The latter surrounds the rim of an into detail as to the numerous specimens ancient yellow drinking cup adorned over and above those mentioned which with tulips of the date 1793, deposited by have been finding their way to the room. Mr. Frantz, of Hilltown. Such as a picture representing a If it were possible to discuss this new iion and a lamb, numerous other ani¬ earthenware at length we could not fail mals and figures and landscape, loaned to describe Miss Agnes B. Williams’deco¬ by Mrs. Elizabeth Canby Jenks, of Yard- rated toy pie dishes for children and ley ; a weathercock, ox chains, tooth ex¬ brown barrel-shaped water cooler, prob¬ tractors, human hopples and handcuffs, ably a relic of the old pottery on Windy- ; heavy harness and a multitude of other bush Hill. objects generously given or loaned by Who would believe that the old potter- I Dr. W. G. Benner, Joseph Sine, Gen. W. ies made earthenware vessels, corrugated i W. H. Davis, Henry Barner, William sides and funnel-shaped top, to catch Stuckert, Seneca Hellyer, Davis E. cockroaches, if he did not see with his Brower, Vicenza Wetherill, of Doyles¬ own eyes specimen No. 887, once upon a town ; Miss Amy Callender, of Mechanics time sugar- coated for the purpose. This Valley ; Joseph Shive, of Milford Square: was kindly presented by Joseph Shive, George H. B. Barron, of Easton ; Mahlon of Milford Square. Carver, of Solebury; Miss Melvina To turn from art in pottery to art in Miles, of Davisville; Mr. Rufe, of Fern- iron brings one to the most interesting dale; Capf. J. 8. Bailey, of Buckingham; Durham stove plate yet found in Bucks David Angeny, of Danborough ; Chris- county, donated by Patrick B. Trainor, tian Sehman, oi Levin ; William Funk, of Doylestown. Though broken in half of Iron Hill, and Elias Pax son, of Sole¬ the design easily connects itself with the bury. German art influence that flourished at Durham nearly a century and a half ago. Perhaps what is seen is a fragment of one of the fanciful illustrations of mediaeval WHEN MEiTwERF^LD. mith, called dance oi death, previously described under No. 879, where the skele¬ ton seizes the king and turns away from the warrior. Just as in one of the cuts The Underground Railroad recently published upon this interesting subjena fide as set forth. P. Gorsuch. The Christiana tragedy, sometimes Concluded. known as theGorsuch madder case.wmctr occurred in 1861 and was one of the early stage line, with letters either to the Vails test cases ol the Fugitive Slave Law, or to Jacob Singmaster, of Stroudsburg, which was passed in 1850, is too well that, when quite a small boy, I sent for¬ known to require an extended descrip¬ ward three men and two women, as I tion here; but I may say that I am cred- remember, driving these five colored peo¬ iblv informed that some oi the slaves con¬ ple to New Hope, and putting them in cerned in that tragedy passed through the the care of the stage driver, paying their upper end of our county, by way of Nor¬ fare to some point to the North. I do not ristown, and were received and cared for mention this as an important event and by Richard Moore, at Quakertown. Dr. my memory is rather indistinct concern¬ Smedley, in his interesting history of the ing the details, though I feel quite sure of Underground Railroad in Chester and the fact. Lancaster counties, gives quite a full ac¬ If it be asked why I did not learn after¬ count of this case and speaks of three wards by what route the colored man principal actors in it, Parker, Pinckney bought by H. M. Twining was sent on, I and Johnson, as passing through Quaker¬ would say that I was absent in Brown town. But there was another of these University all of that year, never after¬ fugitives who passed over much more of ward living at home, and I have no idea our Underground Railroad, in this coun¬ that either my parents or my sister, Re¬ ty, an I have learned from the lips of an becca, knew it was one of the slaves from actor in the case within a few weeks. Christiana that they were sending on, This man was brought by a Friend to and would not therefore distinguish him Philadelphia on a Sixth-day evening, from various others sent on, in that soon after the Christiana riot, probably anxious year, either to Quakertown or by previous arrangement with William Stroudsburg. Llovd, of Dolington. William, being in I proceed now to state the outline of market on that evening, arranged to take the case of the slave Jane Johnson (which the slave home with him and then send case was connected with the imprison¬ him on toward the North. He agreed to do ment of Passmore Williamson), as she this, knowing lull well the heavy penalty passed on her way North over a part of $2000 fine and six months imprison¬ the Underground road of Bucks coun ment to which the new law would make h or the facts in this case I am indeb him liable if detected. What a sad con¬ “ a prepared a few years since . dition of our Country when the law the Historical Society of Montgome makers were so overawed by the slave County by Dr. Hiram Corson, of Nor; oligarchy of the South that they would town, after he was 91years of age, a pa frame laws that the best of our citizens a lnteresting reminiscences of tb must evade, being unable conscientiously Anti-Slavery movement, and those m to obey them! The Country being aroused prominently engaged in it, which pai by the tragedy at Christiana, and pursuit will probably be given to the public* and search being therefore especially to an early day. be feared, William started home late on Jolmson and her two Seventh-day, covering his man complete¬ §,??, I,1 years of age, were brought ly with straw in the back part of his cov¬ Plnladelphia by their master, £ mai ered wagon. On approaching home °CVirginia, then Unite during the night he took the slave to a fw ftMlu18ler t0 Nicaraugua. Learnin; colored family whom he knew, living in that they had arrived on a steamer lyini a small house in the edge of a wood on at Walnut street wharf and soon to sai the Newtown and Yardley ville pike,close mnnr« w-»-Y°rk’ Wiillaal stin and Pass by Janney’s dam. The next morning he , more Williamson, of Philadelphia, foum sent for Henry M. Twining (from whose ! “Pans to inform the slave that beini lips I received this acc iunt a few weeks 1 brought to Pennsylvania by her maste. ago) and asked him to call at the house ol ou free hy the laws of our State the colored man near Janney’s dam and She thereupon made her escape from th< take on toward the North on First-day boat with her two little boys, and thej night the colored man whom he had were secreted by Anti-Slavery friends ir brought the day before from Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Still and Williamson were He took the proper conveyance that night tried before Judge Kane for the abduc- and drove him to the house of my father, or attempted abduction of a slave, Jonathan P. Magill, of Solebury, arriving When Williamson was required by the there considerably after midnight. When judge to produce the slave in court he called up by Henry’s knocking father could not do so, as the mother and her and mother were both much startled and boys had been aided by friends in mak¬ seemed to hesitate for a few moments ing their way to Boston, where they what to do, but my sister Rebecca, the were kept concealed, WilliamsoD was only other member of the family then at then consigned to prison on the frivolous home, came to the door of their room and charge of “contempt of court.” As the said “we cannot do anything but admit case proceeded and the false testimony them and take care of the fugitive.” the master seemed likely to Imperil ' So they came in and were kept case of the slave, the great risk was over-night, Henry M. Twining re¬ curred of having Jane Johnson broi turning home in the morning with from Boston to confront him with the assurance that the slave would be testimony. The public feeling cared for and promptly forwarded and wrought up to a very high pitch aided on his way to the North. Later there was danger of collision in the com the word came that he was safe in Cana¬ the United States District Attorney d da and he doubtless went from our home clarmg that he would take the slave h either to Richard Moore’s or took the fore she left the court room, the state more eastern Stroudsburg route, perhaps authorities declaring that he should not, going up from New Hope in the stage out she quietly left the room unmolested line that was then running between New after her clear and impressive testimony Hope and Easton. I may say here in was given and was accompanied in her’car¬ passing that it must have been by this nage by James Miller McKim, Secretary 01 tfle American Anti-SlaverySocIety,Lu- xnomas, one oftheTirothors, and hurried creha Mott and an intrepid officer named him away to slavery, from which be was George Corson. A carriage load of offi¬ soon redeemed by his friends by the pay¬ cers also followed them as a guard. Soon i ment of J1000. Soon after the arrest of after she was brought io the house of Thomas these men secured the aid of a George Corson, of Plymouth, where she constable from Bristol and obtained war¬ received kindly care. I will give the con¬ rants from Judge Fox, of Doylestown, clusion of the case in the words of Dr. for the arrest of the remaining three Hiram Corson: brothers. Two escaped them, and were “Mahlon Linton and wife, Abolitionists taken by night by Robert Purvis’ 2Lt?c1^S coanJ”y' happened to be on a 1 brother, Joseph, to a friend’s house 40 visit to George Corson and family, and it miles distant, in New Jersey, whence was concluded that a son of George they were forwarded to Canada. Basil Corson, when only eleven or twelve years now alone, remained, and the slave of age-but now Dr. E. M. Corson, of; hunters came upon him toward evening Norristown—should, with a carriage hav- as he was ploughing at a distant point mg Jane in it, as he did not know the on Robert Purvis’ farm. Word came road, closely follow Mahlon Linton’s quickly to Mr. Purvis, brought by the carriage through the night to Mr. Lin¬ son of a neighboring farmer, of the at¬ ton s home, beyond Newtown, Bucks tempt to capture and hand-cuff Dorsey, county. After dark they started and all and he hastened to the spot, where he through the night went on, reaching this learned that they had already started to eecond Underground station, Mr. Lin- Bristol with their prey. Robert immedi¬ ton-s home, before the morning dawned ately had his fleetest horse harnessed From there she was helped on to Canada, and made pursuit, reaching Bristol as where her two boys had been already they were locking up Dorsey in a cell S6nti where criminals were confined. He re¬ Dr. Corson’s paper contains numerous monstrated, and addressed a crowd who references to interesting cases of slaves assembled, telling them of the outrage, who were passed on by him either to and warmly enlisting their sympathy. .Richard Moore, in Quakertown, to W. The master informed him that they H. Johnson, in Buckingham, or to would go to Doylestown the next morn¬ Mahlon B. Linton, as in this case. It will ing, and bring the case before Judge Fox. be seen that the Underground Railroad, In the morning, taking Dorsey’s wife with its numerous stations and sub-sta¬ and two young children, Mr. Purvis tions, often pursued a very zig-zag and drove to Doylestown, and employed as irregular direction, sometimes to elude counsel Thomas Ross, one of the ablest pursuit, and often according to the con¬ lawyers then at this Bar. When the case ' venience of the various agents of the road. I come now to an important case with lors^id wa? deePly moved- which Robert Purvis was closely identi¬ the' recentiy as he told me fied, several details of which I had heard 9 -a mau with human at different times from John S. Brown, teelings if he wis a judge:”—and the for ' Henry M. Twining and others. Feeling , lorn condition (f the hand-cuffed deject^ 1 the importance of having these details tiie tears ot hia young properly connected, that I might present everv heaVnf'Jt-1W0 ®hildren• moved a clear statement of the whole case, I have , art Pty ; and to gain time had two very satisfactory interviews defe^|kLdr fir?!11 f0r th0 best Possible with Robert Purvis at his home in Phila¬ neared uS? ^L°the/£e2S0Ils whicd »P- delphia during the past three weeks. He pearecl later, (bit not before the court) - is now past 86 years of age and quite feeble, his memory of recent eventt (not of those of his earlier life) showing the ffissFiF 1srSani effect of age. He received me most cordially, with all the grace and dignified | courtesy for which he was so notably ! and%repPaer°aPtio^rl® “ol-JuU™ a?ou£d! distinguished in early life, and at the rescue if the1!.^ were made for a forcible close of each interview of more than an a „ e i1.tiie 0380 went against Dorsev hour, he dismissed me with the same drove°to P)?d q ,i 1 v,1- aPProached Purvis dignified and gracious manner, begging the best ^hv fd , ?hla> and called upon me to call at any time when he could render me the least service upon any subject. In his account of the case that especially called me to his house he fully feeofaSoOff hI°woSuldndco0mereto confirmed all that my other friends had said, and added some important points. The case as he gave it to me is substan¬ ffivfo; ° bad>Dever charged a dollar for de- tially as follows: fending a slave, and never would hnf He said that he was living in Bensalem that he would gladly come to Doyles¬ about the year 1838. He had then living I town, and take the case as requested A i the end of the two weeks the case came with him a most excellent and faithful on here before JudjyA Fnv ° came colored man named Basil Dorsey, who had been with him about two years. At “1 ™>to of & Bar! UT.E! this time Dorsey was visited by a broth- i °eunsel- Mr. Brown “ er-in-law of his wile, from the State of firouiptly on hand for the defendant. A1 Maryland, whence he came. This broth¬ Awmr 14 -w.as against the principle of the er-in-law, for some reason, became jeal- Abolitionists to pay for a slave 7h« ous of Dorsey in his happy home and be¬ felt fo? Dorsey, andethefefreof trayed Dorsey and his three brothers to losing the case, had caused two attemnfs their master, from whom they bad askaUKM8. wh 'ar^a!e him- The masted escaped in 36. The master (their reputed ; father,) aided by a notorious slave catch¬ er, came to Philadelphia and arrested - -- iNo’ said Dorsey, when consult- H ;' • hotel at the Billet (now Hatboroj, whene ed, "Do not pay it. I am prepared to take they were taken out of their carriage and my life in court, it the case goes against placed in an upper room, where they re¬ me, for I will never go back to slavery.” mained under guard all night. Mr. Purvis said to me last week that he The hotel was then kept by Isaac Mar- could but commend the man for his pie, where they had stopped a few hours brave resolution-rand the case came on. before and ordered supper. Here they The prosecuting attorney made a clear were forced to go before Judge Hiram statement of the claim, presenting the McNeill aud make their claim for the bill of sale, and the necessary evidences black man as their slave. The Judge of the legality of the demand of the demanded a bill of sale and that they master. Robert Purvis felt, as he listen¬ prove his identity. They had no bill of ed to his plea and considered that the sale to prove this, but claimed him by in¬ interpretation of the law was then almost heritance. They were forthwith arrested invariably favorable to the slaveholder, for kidnapping and bail in the sum of that Dorsey’s fate was practically sealed, $6000 was demanded, or be committed to unless the forcible rescue, contemplated jail. The bail was finally found in New¬ and prepared lor, was resorted to, upon town. which hundreds of well prepared color¬ This trial for kipnapping took place at ed men were resolved, but which NorristowD, January, 1823,’before Judge they wished only to use as John Ross, and Hiram McNeill and a last resort. Richard B. Jones, associates. The courts WHEN MEN WERE SOLD. and politicians then sympathized with slavery, and if there was a conviction for kidnapping the penalty was heavy. So Kidnappers in Horsham Tovnshlp Sev¬ Judge Ross, in his charge to the jury, enty-five Years Ago, Wherein the stated that he had doubts about the black man being a slave, but as to his alleged Kenderdine Family was Much In¬ kidnapping there was so much contra¬ dictory evidence that he would advise an volved — Reminiscences of Slavery equittal. The jury seemed unwilling to accede to Tlmes,^-. the view of the Judge and it was only after a consultation of six hours that For thelijSXEi,i,iGB:NCEE.J thev agreed to an acquittal. The interesting reminiscence of slavery Then a counter civil suit was instituted lays, given by Dr. Edward H. Magill, of by the Jerseymen against Isaac Tom¬ Iwarthmore College, at the late meeting kins, John Kenderdine, Issachar Ken¬ jf the Bucks County Historical, at Doy- derdine, Justinian Kenderdine, John Iredell, Thomae Kenderdine, John E. 6stown, recalls to my mind an interest- Kenderdine, Robert Kenderdine, Henry ng account of kidnapping, in Montgom- Sandman, Thomas Iredell, Samuel Gray sry county, related to me by my father, and Jacob Tomkins, charging them with John E. Kenderdine, who, with several harboring and attempting to rescue a members of our family, were partici¬ slave. Damages to the amount of $10,000 pants in the arrest of kidnappers and in were claimed against them. effecting a final escape of the negro. This suit was postponed from time to A lull account ol the affair was written time for ten years. It finally came off be¬ at the time, by John Kenderdine, of fore the United States Circuit Court in Horsham, and published in the Norris¬ Philadelphia in April, 1833, before Judges town Free Press, of June 26, 1833. The Baldwin and Hopkinson. The names of account being lengthy I can only give a the Jersey plaintiffs were Ralph John¬ synopsis of it. _ son, Caleb Johnson, Phineas Withring- The colored man’s name was John, and ton, John Skillman and William Higgins, he worked for Joseph Kenderdine, a who had been engaged in carrying off farmer of Horsham, who died in Septem¬ the black man from the Kenderdines. ber, 1822. A month later, the evening of in this trial four celebrated Philadel¬ the 20th oi October, a party of five men phia lawyers took part, two on a side. came from Middlesex county, New Jer¬ Josiah Randall and William Kittira ap¬ sey, to the Kenderdine home. They ob¬ peared for the prosecution,whilst William tained entrance to the house on some Rawle, Jr., and John Sergeant plead for pretext and with loud threats seized the the accused Horsham parties. colored man “John,” handcuffed him, The jury brought in a verdict of $4000 put him into a Dearborn wagon and were damages against John Kenderdine, Is¬ prepared to drive off with him when sachar Kenderdine, Isaac Tomkins, Jus¬ l3sackar Kenderdine told them they tinian Kenderdine, John Iredell and must go before a iudge, prove property Robert Iredell. nd show their authority. To this de- Thus were six prominent men of Hors¬ aand they roughly replied that they had ham jointly fined $1000, to which was uthority enough and told him to stand added $1500 costs, making $5500. Some of ff or they would blow him through and the parties were wholly unable to bear hen drove away at a rapid speed. Sev- the loss, and to aid these several petitions jral persons followed them, calling on for assistance were circulated in different ;hem to stop. neighborhoods. I have found among The pursuers rapidly increased in num- my father’s old papers a petition in his 3rs as they proceeded and the whole writing and circulated by him. It is ■hborhood became aroused. The headed thus: rappers were in a closed carriage, and r horses were urged to their top “To the Philanthropic Citizens of Penn¬ ed, but their followers on horseback sylvania: ot pace with them, riding alonside and "Whereas, By the decision of the front and with clubs and stones so United States Circuit Court, in a trial stored the carriage and obstructed their commencing April 29th aud ending M; jsage that they were glad to stop at a 7th, 1833, in which Caleb Johnson, citi of New Jersey, plaintiff,” then foil thn names ot the six deiendants cha 109

with “hindering said plain tiff from od- t*ie neSro he claimed as his slave.” The names o 1 the subscribers are as follows: Joseph Kenderdine.$20 00 John E. Kenderdine. 25 00 Moses McClean. 10 00 John McClean. 10 oo P. Shoemaker. 10 oo Charles Thomas.’ ]q oo John Shoemaker. 5 00 Cornelius Conrad..' 5 00 Jesse Shoemaker. 3 00 Moses LnkeDS.5 qo Georg9 Shoemaker. 5 00 Isaac Thomas. 3 00 3■ Sg;vv^ it, Andrew Ambler.6 00 James Rutter. 10 00 Thomas Hughes.6 00 bURHAM STOVE PLATES Atkinson Hughes. 5 00 John Scotton. 5 00 1 Robert Kenderdine. 25 00 S. N. & E Oliver.15 00 i Significance of tbe Valuable William Mullen. 3 50 I Thomas Wright. 2 00 1 Decorated Collection. Benjamin Garigus. 5 00 J*everal subscriptions amount to ©oy5 50. Twenty of the above names were They Reflect Gleams of Color, Legends members of the Society of Friends, and and Ancient Themes of Beauty—Origin they all lived in my lather’s immediate neighborhood. I notice that my grand¬ of Stoves and the Allegorical Figures father, uncle and father were the three heaviest subscribers in the above list, Used in the Various Designs. lhere were other subscription papers circulated in other neighborhoods but I have no means of knowing how much The existence of decorated plates of was realized. cast iron, about two feet square, recently I have oiten listened when a boy to my brought to light in Bucks county by the i father refer to the great excitement of the Historical Society, through the efforts of ! time, and the part he acted in the matter. As he lived several miles from the centre Kr. Henry C. Mercer, of Doylestown, | oi trie disturbance, he did not arrive at ight to be of general interest. Histor- I the scene until the kidnappers had been Ians of Pennsylvania mignt well be sur-, run down and were landed in an upper Sirised that the artistic leaven in the in- ! room of the tavern at the Billet, as it was iredients of colonial life, represented by j then universally called. The part he hese elaborately decorated iron heir- ! played in the drama was to carry liquor ooms, for a time regarded as facings for an jails bury (1460), at Uubeck (14th century) Maria in Valle, Italy, (8th century), and and at Basel (1324), and that finally, alter on an arch at Porto, Rome, (8th century.) invention of printing, the dialogue But it may be going too far to make defi¬ and dance idea of the drama gave way to nite assertions about any floral designs such impressive treatments of the theme thus conventionalized. We must grant a as Holbein gave it in his celebrated wood good deal to chance and the decorator’s cuts executed in 1538. These things have caprice. If the outline on the stove plates been generally known, but who had is a tulip the motive cannot be older than realized that German artificers came to the date 1559. It it is not a tulip, and we I Durham in the middle oi the last century are permitted to trace it backward and cast the design upon the faces of through the floral designs above referred stoves to continually confront the settler to it far antedates that strange epidemic with a lugrubnous truth. of the 17th century known as the “Tulip /iSnf German engraver, Johann Bink, Mania,” which for a time seized Holland 6 heart in the hands like a plague, and when Dutch garden- ot Venus as symbolic oi passion. Christ- 1 ers went mad enough on the subject to lan art in a gallery of the cathedral at pay prices like 4000 florins for a single (8ufa P6ntury) and m old Pictures bulb. II it is older than this we may per¬ of wu,etrele(rs to i4 as an emblem haps be permitted to realize its outline on of love. With the stove makers of Dur- a base of a column at the chanel at St. ham the design seems to have taken a Zeno at Rome (9th century) and follow strong hold of the fancy. They not only the arguments of those who find its earli- continually produced it on the plates, but est suggestion in the Egyptian lotus, their contemporaries painted and out- nr-irwg si r 7 j -x j -> 7-—— K on the leaflets, called fractur,&isd the plates and jars. Sometimes it appears to be the source ol growth of a tulin t?6 r?ot trom which sprigs’ the stalk oi a tree or many branched E From, whether as a bordering l0r the taufchein, a feature of the colored Part 2* the stove Plate, it in¬ dicates everywhere that living soirit . ,wpl,c'h impelled so many of the German j oettlers, who used and still use the affac- Tfrn wT110^11-68^ other brother. | furn back to the 7th or 8th cent i -■» : I>at^QL^r/lL///gF 1 and to ,the advent of Byzantine a^chf- ltaly t0r prootot‘heantiq city . of the figure of a bird, symbolizing the human soul, or that of two birds'* an ).13fl U J| a a.a.a a » x v. - fln™ tly£eckjn{? fruit or the petals o?a Relics Owned by Mrs, Wlst.f flower. To cite a few of many insranc«« we see it carved in stone on onfof the Mrs, Frank B. Wist, of Yardleyyls the galleries oi the cathedral at Venice (7th iwner oi a cartridge box that was carried century),on a parapet of the Universitv of by Captain Philip R. Schuyler (a descend¬ ant of General Philip R. Schuyler oi Torc0ilo (lEb century), and on a fountain Revolutionary fame), who was fatally at St. John Lateran at Rome (8th cen- (wounded at the battle of Antietam, Sep¬ tury) Here again, after the lapse of tember 16 and 17,1862. The box is of black ages, it survives as one of the nrominent leather, with the number of his company on it in brass figures, and contains the rennayivania.pZwi;eanutU TIt? will°fhhe not artisfic be difficultc™ft°“f old style of cartridges, which are very fa¬ for the student ot religious symbolism to miliar to those who served their country explain more fully the significance^ojjhg in the exciting days ot the Rebellion;_It 12 w ■ AV= •'

been somewhat different Trom that ot came into the possession of Mrs. Wist ordinary fugitives. They had escaped on through her grandmother, Mrs. Hannah a small boat used in connection with the M. Schuyler, mother of the Captain, and lighter service on Albemarle Sound. is treasured very highly asa relic. Among Their trusted leader, or captain, having the other relics which are in the posses¬ a small compass, and knowing some¬ sion ot Mrs. Wist is a blue china plate thing of the inlets of the coast, had piloted with a slightly scalloped edge bearing them slowly northward, having secured the names of the fifteen States which then some provisions before starting, and they composed the Union. It is not known succeeded in working their little craft up exactly how old the plate is, but as Ken¬ the and up the river, land¬ tucky is the fifteenth State named, it is ing only for short periods, until they supposed thattheplate was manufactured passed Philadelphia, and then they acci¬ about 1793. On one side of the plate is the dentally found a friendly adviser who Statue of Liberty, while on the other .s directed them to cur village. On arriv¬ Justice holding in her right hand a mc- ing there they found shelter for the night dalion of Washington, while in her left among some colored people. The next she holds a Masonic emblem. At th6 day their case was made known to our bottom of the plate are the words “Ameri¬ Anti-Slavery friends and I was chosen to ca and Independence.” In the centre of convey them to Trenton in a good covered the plate is a picture of the capitol ot the wagon, in which all were placed. I was United States at that time. advised to report them to B. Rush Plum- ly, then a merchant there. On arriving at the store I spoke to Rush, and he, see¬ ing the situation, said drive them ipto the WHEN MEN WERE SOLD. yard, and get under cover of the barn, as there were slave hunters then in town, looking for victims, and we might arouse suspicion. He furnished ample provi¬ The Underground Railroad in sion for the party, but advised me, if possible, after feeding the horses, al¬ Bucks County. though storming, to push right on to Princeton where there was a safe ren¬ A Supplementary Chapter to the Interest¬ dezvous. Although the team was hired for Trenton only, considering the situa¬ ing Reminiscences of the Famous Route tion, I did not hesitate, and on reaching the suburbs of Princeton I reported my from Slaver? to Freedom, by Dr. Edward party to a colored man, who was on the regular line, via New Brunswick and the H. Maglli, of Swarthmore. Raritan river st6amer to New York. I lett them in good spirits, and learned later that they had been safely forwarded Since the publication ol my paper on by Anti-Slavery friends to Canada. the Underground Railroad of Bucks Though I had had a dreary ride on such county, testimony comes in irom various a day I returned home well satisfied with having contributed a small item toward quarters, some oi which will be of in¬ carrying out the precept of our Divine terest to the readers of the Intelligen¬ Master, to do unto others as we would cer. It may be remembered that Basil have ethers, under similar circumstances, do unto us. Thousands of similar cases Dorsey, after his liberation at Doyles- could, no doubt, be enumerated, but I town, was soon sent to New York, and have been pleased to see the old record on that route there were a number of sta¬ referred to, partly as an incentive to our tions kept by friends of the slave, ever young friendsin the line of humanitarian ready to forward the escaping fugitive. dutv whenever an opening occurs; some¬ The following letter from Edward H. thing of a practical character, as the es¬ Ogden, of Riverton, N. J., bears witness sence ol a true religion, more poteDt, pro¬ to this: gressive and uplifting to our fellow men “There was also a route on the Under¬ than loud professions and blind theories, ground Railway to Canada through New devoid of utilitarian results.” Jersey, for I remember when a lad. while It will be remembered that at the meet¬ staying at my Uncle Enoch Middleton’s, ing of the Historical Society, alter my at Crosswicks, N. J., being aroused one paper was presented, William C. Black- night alter midnight by the arrival of a fan stated a case of two fugitives coming runaway slave very much alarmed. My to the house of his father, John Blackfan, cousin, William Middleton, and myself in Solebury, and being named by him. drove him to Hightstown, having him I have endeavored to learn all the details concealed and covered with straw in the of this case still accessible, and have re¬ bottom of the wagon. We delivered him ceived from Dr. J. B. Walter, of Solebury, safely that night to the Underground the following account given him by agent to whom my uncle consigned “Scott” himself, and which varies some¬ him. I remember being badly scared at what from the memory of W. C. B. He the toll gate as we drove through, fearing writes: the wagon would be examined.” “This man lives within a few hundred Another instance of escape through yards of this village, (Solebury,) and has Bucks county and then by the Under¬ resided here for many years, being still a ground road through New Jersey, comes pretty hale but very ignorant old man. to me in a letter recently received from He knows nothing whatever of dates, and William Bargess, now of Millville, Pa., I am unable to fix accurately the time of and well known in my early iiie as the his arrival. Scott says that William C. secretary of the Bucks County Anti-Sla¬ B. was about 15 or 16 years old when he very Society. He writes: arrived. Mr. B. thinks that is about cor¬ “Sometime about 1840 45, when residing rect. That would place the time of his ar¬ at Langhorne, we had a party of six stout rival about 1847 or ’48, say fifty years ago. fugitives arrive, whose experience had “I will give thee some additional i which relate, I think, to the fugit Rachel Moore, mentioned in thy very interesting notes ot the ‘Under-Ground Railroad.’ “I do not remember her by name,possi¬ bly she had not then assumed it, but I have ]no doubt that the woman and her | six children are the same who came to our house, not to Phoenixville, but four and a half miles irom that place, on a mrnmmappearances, is not far wrong? farm, midway between Kimberton and Chester Springs, near the road leading Queen- eenS AnnAmnnn ’couutv,.^'h®ix M,,^ he?’/s' came«me from towards Lionville and West Chester. ! There was no anti-slavery family of the ort&e^n^ name oi Lewis living in Phoenixville. and none except ours, in the region at g“Slf names'Urrw/l- the time, so I cannot doubt that the per- son referred ro is the same as the one 1 remember. I suppose that she and bei j children were forwarded to Elijah P, I Pennypacker, near Phoenixville, and by J him transferred to Jacob Paxson, of Nor- KiIUaVi*H'?tS "'riSwem'u! I ristown, since that was the usual route and Xrtrd Tmh Buckingham, tor fugitives sent in that direction. It would be very easy lor a child (the andPReed v^f l° Jonathan P^mSs daughter, Fanny Moore, now surviving, mentioned in my paper) in this lapse oi time, to forget—indeed quite marvelous it she should not. town°(ManhlonelWSl?y flt1'6t,W6nt to New- “The woman to whom I refer reached us in a most pitiful condition. Soon after ^ent to Jonathan P, S-' £ she and her children left the home oi the master, a rain came on, and the flap¬ ping of their wet garments against their unprotected limbs wore off the skin, un¬ til it bled with every step, yet their sense of danger of capture was so great that they pressed forward with all the speed possible to them. I think the mother S'SSat carried the youngest child to hasten ?a‘ lJP° men came, whom his father I them forward. When they reached our home they were too sore to do anything °«. »»a“« oo SolS?‘c,1SeIft“,‘wa?Se but rest and recuperate. In addition to their need of rest was that ot northern clothing. My memory is that the mother i simply called him -S'a»i,. He wore but a single garment, a coarse, ys he never told anyone what his real heavy dress made of tow, woven in broken stripes of red, an inch or more in ™e Wa8j aDd d*d not tell me. Scott ®^ued a little house in this village width, and totally unlike anything oi ’Ui sola it and bought the lot of about northern manufacture, the children ix acres upon which he now lives. I being dressed in the same material. 01 l16. tias been there more than course this clothing exposed them to de¬ wenty-eight years, and probably five or tection by the first pro-slavery Derson in years longer. they should meet; and it had to be'burn¬ "The old times havepassed away ; slav- ed immediately,as soon as the other could ry went out in the throes of a great war be provided. A store for such cases was kept constantly on hand at our house, mnvnfi™ent? Prectding the war, and any ot importance that occurred daring much of it being prepared by a numbe inrtsnf ?nars have srown misty in the of anti-slavery families, who sent it to m unds of the survivors. A new genera- in quantity. Our home was usually tb first on the line where southern clothinj °{?“ thVBtage- havin£ ™ Person- knowledgeUF°P of and but little interest in could be exchanged for northern. Fre in^ngS °f whlch you wrote. Your quently the haste was too great to admi iper came none too soon, and was to me of delay at an earlier time. In the casi I* “a°J others extremely interesting of John Vickers, of Lionville, the nex 1ma<3e Photos of Scott and his station south of ours, his wile had lorn siding place, which I send herewith been dead, and there was no one to at ipmg they may, in some degree, make tend to such matters. His pottery stooc □ends for my failure as to ‘tacts dates immediately on the public road, and id common report.’ ” ’ tes there was little opportunity for conceal¬ The case of the fugitive, Rachel Moore, ment, except when due, in excepti- i.a io escaped with her six voung chil- eases, to his own quick wit, or that of his en, has always been to me a subj'eet oi assistants, white and colored. He was a ep interest, she and some of her ehil most kindly man, and was faithful in en having been for a number of years' the highest degree to his anti-slavery anected with my fathei’s family.7 It fs principles, as was also our dear and ven¬ ireiore with great pleasure that I re- erated friend, Elijah F. Pennyuacker, ■vinJFCeDfUy’ lmP°rlant supplemen- the next station in an opposite direction, y information as to their escape and as well as Lewis Peat, to whom we fre¬ fterings, and the kind friends who aid- m quently sent our colored guests. As was thetn on their way, in the following usual in most cases, we never heard any¬ ^!r°m my florid, Grace Anna Lewis! thing further of this woman and her chil¬ ^ o, Media, Pa. She writes ; dren until I listened to thy account in ae Inteeligenceti. The gathering up I of the ashes‘for history’s golden urn’is test in This State. not alone for succeeding generations, but1 for' the old workers too. It was very pleasant for me to know that after all her IT WAS ADDRESSED TO ERIENDS trials, this woman had found a safe home with thy father and mother.” I shall be glad to give, from time to Yearly Meeting-and Was Found Among the time, a supplementary chapter to this Records iu Philadelphia—Rears Date of history of those dark days of my youth when the name of our vaunted !ree Re¬ 1G88-Descendants of Signers Are Resi¬ public was a mockery and a byword, be¬ dents of This County. cause those were the days “When Men Were Sold.” Edwabd H. Magill, A paper which should have great his Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa. toric value from the fact that it is said to be the first public anti-slavery protest in this State, has been found among the records of the Philadelphia Yearly Meet¬ ing of 1688 It was addressed to the From, . Monthly Meeting of Friends. The old document has a peculiar interest . to the people of this county from the fact that one or more of its signers have de¬ scendants living in the county at this Date, t time, the family of Updograve or Opde- grave, which name was originally Op Ded Graeff. | Joseph Updegrave, who recently died ' 'JJ - in Doylestown, was a descendant of one Old Graveyard and Church. of the signers of the protest. The peculiar The graveyard connected wittf the language of the paper is accounted ior Mennonite church, in Washington bv the fact that the authors were Germ township, Berks county, covers several who had been in the country only f acres, and is one of the oldest in Berks, or five years but who had made remar ble nrogress in comprehending the English being started about the year 1732. The of more than two centuries ago. I he church'is one of the oldest in use in paper, which has never been published in this county before is as follows:— Eastern Pennsylvania. The old Men- “This is to the Monthly Meeting, held nonites hold their services here regular¬ at Richard Worrell’s:— ly as ever. The building is well pre¬ “These are the reasons why we are against the traffic of mens body, as fol- served and may last many more years. loweth: Is there any that would be done Its quaint appearance indicates its ex¬ or handled at this manner? viz: to be sold or made a slave for all the time of his treme age. It is a wooden structure, life? How fearful and faint hearted are whitewashed, and a little larger than many at sea, when they see a strange ves¬ sel, being afraid it should be a Turk, and the average school house. The joists that they should be taken, and sola tor upon which the roof rest extend far slaves in Turkey. Now what is this bet¬ across the sides of the building. ter done, than Turks do? Yea, ratuer it is worse for them, wnich say they are Christians; for we hear that the most part of such negers are brought hither against their will and consent, and that many ■ them are stolen. Now though they black, we can not conceive there is m From, — liberty to have them slaves, as it have other white ones. There is a sa that we shall do to all men like as will be done ourselves: making no . ence of what generation, descent, or co they are. And those wlio steal or men, and those who purchase them, Date, .. not all alike. Here is liberty of science, which is right and reaso here ought likewise liberty of the except of evil doers, which is an case. But to bring men hither, or to ri steal and sell them against their will, will stand against In Europe there many oppressed for conscience^ sake;^i - 11 here’there are those oppressed whic of black colour. And we who know men must not commit adultery The First Public Anti-Slavery Pro- ...—ssr 11;

commit adultery in others, separating wives from their husbands, and giving “This, above mentioned was read in them to others; and some sell the children the 4?hanf erlyi^eeUng’ at Philadelphia or these poor creatures to other men fhL4th f ye 4th'U10- ’88, and was from iAh, do consider well this thing, you who fnTClue,;Kn,U,endcd t0 the Yearly Meet do it, if you would be done in this man¬ above said Derick, and the ner and if it is done according to Chris¬ theesamTtomvDtii0ned th®rein- to present tianity. You surpass Holland and Ger¬ ■T® fc ye above said meeting, it be- many in this thing. This makes ill re¬ port m all those countries of Europe togdetermilee” 3 WGlght fQr this mea.ting where they hear of it, that the Quakers do “Signed by Order of ye Meeting here handel men as they handel there the ANTHONY MORRIS.” cattle. And for that reason some have no mind or inclination to came hither. And whom shall maintain this your cause or plead it? Truly, we cannot do So, ex¬ cept you shall inform us better thereof viz: that Christians have liberty to prao' From tit ^ tice these things. Pray, what thing in the world can be done worse towards, us than if men should rob us away, and S0ll us. for slaves to strange countries; separating husbands from wives and child¬ ren? Being now this is not done in the manner we would be done at; therefore we contradict, and are against this traffic of men s body. And we who Drofess that it is not lawful to steal must likewise, avoid to purchase such things as are stolen, but rather help to stop this robbing and stealing if possible. And such men Ji0 be delivered out of the hands of the robbers, and set free in Europe Then is Pennsylvania to have a good report instead it hath now a bad one, for this sake in other countries. Especially whereas the Europeans are desirous to 1 leaves From the Eecords of the know in what manner the Quakers do rule in their Province and most of them do Longstreth. Family, i:?°“‘.uPon ns with an envious eye. But *nis is done well, what is done ovil?” If once these slaves, (which thev sav A NOTE ABOUT DANIEL BOONE, are so wicked and stubborn men) should join themselves—fight for their freedom Tu Ddei-JtuelrJ masters and mistresses, as How Buttons were Made for Conti¬ they did handel them before; will these masters and mistresses take the sword at nental Uniforms —Bits of History j ihand and war against these poor slaves from Daniel LoDgstreih’s Diary.— ' like us wo are able to believe, some will Dr. Rush’s Ancestors and Inventor inot refuse to do? Or, have these poor negers not as much right to fight for their John Fitch. | freedom, as you have to keep them slaves? Now .consider well |this thing, if it is John L Longstreth, of Philadelphia, a good or bad. And in case you find it to | Bon of Daniel LoDgstreth, has placed the ! be g°° Pa., 10nh-mo., 11th, 1791: ihls day la our annual election, when “Garret Henderick we are to choose one member for Congress JDerick Op De Graeff Francis Daniel Pastorius Philadelphia county and Bucks county at Abram Op De Graeff.” making one district, entitled to one mem- m°MM°nfy Meeting, at Dublin, ye 30th 2d-month„ 1688, we having in¬ I B6F' uCcugress are to meet at Pfilla- spected ye matter, above mentioned, and I f0r tGD y?a''8> and tcen t0 move to the Potomac, which la agreed to be the lonsidered of it, we find it so weighty that permanent seat of the government, though ve think it not expedient for us to med- i some people think they will not move lie with it here, but do rather commit it from Philadelphia, notwithstanding that o ye consideration of ye Quarter)" Meet- agreement. ng; ye tenor of it being related to ye ;rutn. “ I have paid John Fitch for the survey. On behalf of ye Monthly Meeting,” i£10or8il2”8QtS aad mapS’ b8lag abo{lt “Jo. Hart.” | ^ote—Bartholomew L. Fuss®!! (a nephew of Daniel Longstreth; ^and Joan Fitch made Drasswiffr cfdli or a Joseph Longstreth’a (who lived near JDavlsvllle on property afterwards owned by the Montanye’s ) as no wire could be bought during the Revolutionary War. It was for button-making. At this time they made wooden buttons at the above- Hon. Harman Yerkes ( named Joseph Loogstreth's. Bartholo¬ mew L. Fuesell, in a conversation with Their Relation. Daniel Longetreth (who died Id 1816) on 12th mo , 21et, 1832, stated that he turned, polished aDd shanked a groBS in one morn¬ A Review of the Various Forms of Govern- ing before 11 o’clock. The following are notes from the diary ment-The Efficiency of the Local of Daniel Longetreth: Government as Against State Official¬ “9th-mo., 30th, 1843 —This afternoon my wife and seif rode to Byberry and arrived ism and Centralized Power. at Samuel Newbold’s (aear Red Lion, on Bristol turnpike). He resides 2 1-2 miles The following paper on “The Town¬ below Byberry Meeting House, and in his ship in Relation to the State” was orchard, tradition eaya that Poetquesslnk Meeting House formerly stood. The grave¬ read by Judge Harman Yerkes, of Doy- yard la now used as a township burial lestown, at the bicentennial celebra¬ ground. John Hart, the noted Quaker tion of Gwynedd township on Tuesday: preacher, who joined George Keith My friends and neighbors. For I can at the time of the separation prior address you as such since the minutes to 1690, lived where Caleb Knight now of Gwynedd monthly meeting record resides, the next farm but one above the old graveyard. Friends left the that Herman Yerkes, of p|ymo^th’ Keithltes In possession of the old Meet¬ Mary Stroud, of White Marsh, we ing House and built a Meeting House married here, by Friends ceremony, o near where the present Byberry Meeting 1st Month 22, 1750. I am indeed mdebte to1 that sensible step by my great gran House now stands. I roamed through the old graveyard and copied part of the In¬ parents for the privilege of participa scription from a marble headstone as fol¬ ing in the interesting proceedings lows: ‘To the memory of James Rush, who departed this life March 6th, 1725, th\Vhen ' Penn became proprietor aged 48 years and 10 months.’ This 'man brought here many settlers of deep was the father or grandfather of the cele¬ ligious convictions who, outraged -- brated Dr. Rush, who died In 1812 and was the corruptions, intolerance and wordi¬ one of the signers of the Declaration of ness of the established church sought Independence in 1776. The old family religious freedom and favoyed an residence was about a mile to the north of tire separation of the church from go eminent. For this and other reaso the oid graveyard. It was a son of this the John Hart, the preacher, that settled on he instituted a marked change m the 3Q0-acce tract to the north of my resi¬ system of government and mtioauc dence In Warminster. The family joined some features which were entirely ne the Baptist Meeting in Southampton. He was in the broadest sense, a “-Walmeley, of Bybcrry, has a former and white possessed of greai cart, the hubs of which were used to haul wisdom displayed a tendency to tl baggage for Braddock’s army at the time marked characteristic of all refoi of his oeiebrated defeat in the French war experimental government. _H.e ae of 1756 or 1757. They are still In use and himself committed to the Holj e good. They belonged at the time to ment of creating a free colony Walmsley’s ancestor and were pressed for mankind”, and realizing.that. i the use of the army.” ment, conducted strictly upo lines, might defeat his object } Notes: ceeded to organize his with a gu. “ 10th-mo., 26th, 1843.—Made a visit to of religious liberty untramme Buckingham; John Watson, of this place, sectarian influences. He invited to showed me an old deed of 1705, where settlement not only men of his < Buckingham Mountain was called “La- tenets but welcomed all classes of , baskick Hill;” also saw John Cutler’s re¬ gious creeds which had re\ olted survey of 1703 and 1709 of parts of Bucks the corruption of the church county. connection with the civil adrr “7th-mo., 5th, 1844—1 was told to-duy tion. Yet under his broad pro that the celebrated pioneer, Daniel Boone, could not deny the right, incorpor. was born In Bucks county.” in the Royal Charter, of the Bisno appoint Anglican ministers twenty colonists request it. He divided his territory i three counties of Bucks, Ch- Philadelphia, and in 16S3 met presentatives chosen by the p< these districts and adopted a c tion based upen popular suf magistrates and officers we chosen by the people. But the u popular -will was the county, system proved too unwiedly well in a thinly populated where the settlements wet [! separated ana often entertained op¬ ercise of the suffrage, no doubt, had a posing views of the. conduct of affairs, marked influence in determining tlm and the people demanded a change. In new departure. stead of accepting the system which by As the head of a religious sect ad¬ trial, was known to be best adapted to vocating the widest freedom of discus¬ primitive conditions^ that of confiding sion and yet weighted with the idea the rignt of self government to the of the old order of things, where the smallest unit of population and politi¬ ecclesiastic wielded great power in cal organization, he was induced to re¬ government, Penn, no doubt, expected vise the character upon the basis of re¬ that his governing County Magistrates presentation by county lines again. in close touch wiht the Friends Meet¬ The new instrument provided for an ings, would ascertain the popular will assembly of four persons from each through that association; he rejected county elected by the people, while the the local popular self-government as executive council was to be appointed dangerous to peace and harmony. by the Governor. This deprived the Aiming to prevent disputes among people altogether of the power to con¬ neighbors he barred the vocation of the trol the selection of the general execu¬ lawyer and provided for the settlement tive or administrative offices of the of differences through the agencies of colony. In the local county govern¬ arbitration and friendly advisers. On ment the wings of liberty were clipped; the other hand he unhestitatingly ap¬ ! the people were given a voice but not propriated that forun of the lawyers the full power in choosing the local officers. organization of the courts, as the best Sheriffs’ coroners and magistrates were adapted to carry out the executive nominated by the Governor, who was to duties of his government, thus showing select from names handed in by the method and statesmanship in his plan. freemen. We thus see that the scheme He constituted his courts of lay mem¬ of government adopted by the Proprie¬ bers appointed by the general executive. tor eliminated, apparently with studied These administrative bodies performed care, self government by the township their duties so acceptably that it was j or other small division, and constituted fifteen years after the declaration of 1 the county the unit of local power. independence before lawyers were ad¬ rj. nis was wielded through the county mitted to share in the executive func¬ courts comprising magistrates selected tions pertaining to them. by the Governor. They appointed and But as new elements entered into our | commissioned officers to administer citizenship tne expression of popular local affairs in the townships. opinion through the Sabbath and week County taxes were levied “for the day meetings and interchange of support of the poor, building of prisons [ thought amongst the Friends became or repairing them, paying the salaries less representative and proved unsatis¬ of members belonging to the Assembly, factory for, in many localities, a ma¬ paying for wolves’ heads, expenses of jority of the inhabitants belonged to judges” with many other necessary other religious societies and did not charges. The roads were maintained attend the Friends meetings. and the poor cared for by township Local discontent in widely separated ; overseers appointed by the court of settlements forced a change in favor of Quarter Sessions. increased local self-government and Such was the character of govern¬ after the revolution much of the power ment throughout the Proprietary per¬ of governing the smaller divisions ex¬ iod. The voice of the unit of popula¬ ercised by the county was transferred tion as representing the family and to the townships who by successive smallest territorial division, as it had enactments were granted self-govern¬ always prevailed under Anglo Saxon ment in purely local matters and per¬ government, was practically ignored mitted to choose their own officers. ana certainly less regarded by the Pro¬ They were allowed to provide, within prietary government than in the mother themselves, for local charities, main¬ country ana the majority of the sister tenance of roads, the support of the colonies. schools and the levvingi and collection /of local taxes &c. Justice of the ; While Penn was earnest in his pro- i Peace were elective by the local com¬ ; mise to grant his people the right of munity, and taking the place of the self government and his good faith has friendly arbitrators settled small dif¬ never been questioned, possibly, his ferences among neighbors and super¬ own experience of persecution for re- vised charities and the like. . | ligious belief had warned him of the The strong convictions of the Quaker violence of oopular prejudice and re¬ and German Reformers, however, had ligious frenzy and induced him to made too great an impression upon avoid the dangers of committing power public opinion to admit even, of a sug¬ to the popular control of small terri¬ gestion of a return to the parish estab¬ torial divisions in the first experiment lishment in local government. of granting absolute religious freedom. This reaction from the experiment of ; Therefore his frame of government was lodging the unit of political power in huilded upon the idea that the will of the county seems, in many instances, the people could be more temperately to have gone to another extreme. We and deliberately expressed by social find local acts of assembly whereby discussion than through township self townships were sometimes invested government. The freedom of the peo¬ with extraordinary powers. The abuse ple in town meeting to choose their own in this direction became so great that officers and determine the character of the constitution of 1874 prohibited al¬ their local government was denied. The together, local legislation regulating the peaceable designs of the friends and affairs of townships. The frequent the the well known disturbances and discontent often arising from the ex¬ J cus, regulated by raw, gives fair- ex- i hardships caused by such a radical pressioii to the will of the people, as change in the organic law have caused represented in the lowest unit of po¬ the penduiem to again swing to the litical organization—the township. As other extreme and by general legisla¬ the result of careful and -onest ef¬ tion the courts are clothed with in¬ fort and changes adapted to new con¬ creased powers over local affairs as the only constitutional relief. This mis- ditions we have maintained a wfise re¬ lation to the township or unit of gov¬ trke, for it is a mistake, may be |i ernmental authority towards the State fraught with evil consequences, by un¬ and county, and have gained the ad- dermining and destroying confidence in legal triounals through requiring them vantage of combined action to the gen¬ to meddle in every petty local admin¬ era] welfare. While the original scheme istrative affair. The- danger is aggra¬ of the great founder has undergone necessary modifications we owe to him vated by that other mistaken provision many blessings due to regulations which weakens the strength of courts of justice by discouraging popular in¬ found nowhere outside of Penn¬ sylvania. terest in the personal of the tribunal. I refer to the removal from the bench of But the price of liberty is eternal] lay judges who were always selected vigilance. The limit has been reached | from the lepresentative or township when it becomes the duty of the free¬ business men and were therefore so man to sound the alarm against undue well qualified to discharge those func¬ encroachment by centralized power j tions, many of them of recent creation, upon that best guarantee of honest I of the courts pertaining to local admin¬ and pure management of public af- i istrative affairs. It is unwise in the fairs and personal liberty, local self year 1898 to constitute, exclusively of government maintained within the lawyers, ajcourt upon which so many control of the smallest division of ter¬ purely administrative duties fall, as ritory and the unit of the body politic, : prior to 1780, it was unwise and.unnade- the township and its families. quate to form a court, excusively of Throughout our entire histor- of over laymen, clothed with the performance two hundred years the officers of the of many judical duties. township governments, who have, al¬ But the greatest "danger which most universally, served without pay threatens local self-government in have r.ot even been suspected of that ■■ Pennsylvania is the strong tendency faithlessness to public duty or favorit¬ towards concentrating the administra¬ ism, dishonesty, bribery and cheating tion of affairs strictly local in the which we now constantly hear charged, hands of state officialism . This we owe sometimes proved and oftener uncon¬ to the cunning of the professional of¬ tradicted against the high salaried, I fice holdey who offers temptations to arrogant and irresponsible State of¬ the voter cfnd appears to his short sight- ficials who administer so many of the cupidity by proposing that, in return duties once confided to the control of the township or local government. The for appropriations for local purposes the townships shall surrender their evils of the abuse of the centralized | system, of government are impressing j right of local self-government to the themselves upon our people. commonwealth and its appointed local In every direction we hear the 3 officials. Thus is formed the machine ling 01 the storm. Whether it shall as¬ in politics the engineers of which fully sume the force of a tornado against understand that the further removed official corruption and engulf the faith¬ ,from the observation of the local as¬ less public servant depends upon what semblages, who are fond of discussion and criticism, the official is. the less is the people in these "elemental repub¬ he watched. lics” of our Commonwealth shall de¬ termine. It is to the home and the Hence, we have propositions, often ramily fireside, where the influence of thoughtlessly promoted by well-mean¬ the church and religious bodies pene¬ ing men, for state controls of highways, trates, where the Bible furnishes the of the poor and local charities, the precepts of life and where the love of schools, etc., as already we have over parents finds response in devotion to our local banking and other institu¬ the mother and honor to the father, tions by officials appointed by the hear's that we must look for the lesson of of department and not answerable for purity in private life and consequent their conduct to the people of the lo¬ honesty in public conduct of affairs. cality whose affairs they regulate, and The nearer to the influence of the fam¬ entailing upon us that condition for ily council we bring government the which the King of England was ar¬ better, freer and honester will it be. raigned in that he had “erected a mul¬ How then shall 1 estimate or describe titude new offices and sent hither that power which, as a little leaven, is swarms of officers to harass our peo¬ the essential to life of every free gov¬ ple an- eat their substance.” ernment and has made us the great Yet we can assert with some con¬ people we are. I refer to the social in¬ fidence that our system, well admin¬ fluence and function of the smallest istered, secures to the people every ele¬ unit of population best represented here ment of local self government essen¬ by the township. tial to their happiness, while it per¬ The contemplation of the hardships mits neither the town will of the New and dangers which our colonial ances¬ England system of the county control tors endured reminds us that the of the Southern and Western admin¬ charm of country life is not all due to istrations to predominate. the loveliness and beauty of blooming - emljodies many of the best features nature as we see it to-day, nor to the °- both. It divides between the county grand ranges of hills and forests, set and township the responsibility for off by the peaceful valleys and bab¬ local management while the party cau- bling streams. 119

In the long and dreary winters these, even, are uninviting and repellant. Neither is there pleasure to be found A Review of the History and in the daily plodding of the husband¬ man or in the monotonous toil of his companion. Our ancestors endured ! a Forecast of Gwynedd. greater hardships amid the dangers of treacherous savages and prowling wild beasts as they toiled to level the for¬ | A Paper Prepared bj’ Edward Mathews, of ests and to prepare the soil for culti¬ Lansdale, and Read by A. K. Thomas vation and lived in humble habitations without many of the common comforts at the Ei-ceniennial Celebration of of life. Such were and are the hardships of Gwynedd Township. country life. They inured the sons and daughters to undergo privations, great This is a commemorative day. Our physical labors and close mental appli¬ memories are the great conservatories cation without exhaustion or discon¬ of our experiences. This is a clay for tent. J3ut there are social conditions the reproduction of the past. It is an which rounded out the characters of appeal to the hallowed gift of memory. the men and women whose descend- It is a day that had its roots in long I ants are proud to honor and imitate j ago. We live now, and are what we them. Amidst the occupations of are, largely because our forefathers country life families live more together lived before us. and for each other; they visit among Gwynedd is but a small speck upon neighbors and in trusting confidences the map of the United States. It is share their thoughts, burdens and only one of more than a thousand dis¬ pleasures. As they meet together at tricts of Pennsylvania, and its original the church, the meeting house the territory forms but two of the 120 di¬ school, cross roads store or shop, at visions of Montgomery county. It is a local elections, at public entertain¬ spot of importance, however, to those ments or in visiting they consider, sug¬ who are descended from its early set¬ gest and approve measures of common tlers, and to those who have been dom¬ welfare. When their dead are to be I iciled within its borders. Not many townships within the State can cele¬ put from sight the loss is the commu¬ brate, as we are doing to-day, the 200th nity’s loss and all sincerely mourn. anniversary of their settlement. None When children are born and marry the can rightfully feel more proud of the community’s rejoice as for their own character and worth of the early foun¬ and bless them. ders of the township. These social functions and duties ce¬ ment together the country community. These settlers, Welshmen all, were When a r easure desirable for the men of character, of integrity, of common welfare is once agreed upon standing, of considerabe education, de¬ they select through their township vout, religious people, who were of the kind that are of value to any country, ! meeting, without jealousy, the most | prominent citizen to appear for them and of special worth as the founders of before the larger assemblage of repre- a new colony. A number of them and their sons were preachers and mis¬ i sentatives. From such men, whose ability for pub- sionaries of the Gospel, according to j lie services the social life and political the faith and tenets of the Friends.. training in the township first developed They belonged to that great middle and presented to notice, have come class of Great Britain, which in the your leaders, your great Presidents, centuries past has done so much for ‘l generals, statesmen, lawyers and fore- the industrial supremacy, the civil and religious liberties, of the Mother Coun¬ | most workers in every profession and j try. This great middle class had been I class. among the results of the Protestant ; Washington meeting with his fellow Reformation, the fruits of generations '! citizens at Alexandria to devise means of religious training. A half century ! of internal improvements, Lincoln on a before the men of this stamp had store counter in the Illinois hamlet ar- f' guing public questions with his neigh¬ been inspired by the eloquence of Pym, bors, Webster discussing rotation of and Eliot, and John Hampden, or fol¬ lowed the fortunes of Cromwell in his crops and the merits of cattle with the victorious struggle against the tyranny New Hampshire farmers and Grant of prelacy and kingly rule. learning the lesson of defeat, perse- I verance and patience as he carted These early settlers came to a heav¬ ily-wooded region, of undulating sur¬ B wood to the little town of Galena, are types of the social development of face, of hill and valley and stream, a land of medium fertility, of soils of )■ these communities in which is best learned the lesson of keeping in touch sandy loam, or more tenaceous clay. | with the opinions and purposes of the The richer lands of the limestone belt homes and home-makers of America. southward were already taken before To-day while we honor the achieve¬ the close of the Seventeenth Century, ments of our ancestors and accord to or had become too high in price. Here | P them their full dues let us not forget was an undivided tract, large enough that we owe to our descendants the to suit the purposes of the fifteen .duty of preserving for them our insti¬ grantees, who wished to obtain homes tutions to which we owe so much of for a compact settlement of one race and one religious faith. It was laid S happiness and prosperity. out, like all the surveys of tracts in Eastern Pennsylvania, in a north¬ west and southeast direction, in ac¬ PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE. cordance with the direction of the par- hlit1 m^es and yalleys. The wissa- generous, and not confined to nickon, here near its source, flowed as Quakers of the mother country. Iimmin southward through forest and pIVwiEn&iis£ missionaries sent to Hol¬ meadow, though with greater volume land and Germany had already made r^nakin& through the barriers of the P(^Tfo-^i°nVeirtS- W£° afterwards came to ,to, become famous towards its Pennsylvania imbued with the princi- mouth for its scenes of romantic and firor?/ ithe Friends- yet speaking a dif- picturesque beauty, as it nears the great^city Wlthin the bounds of the and soon came to form a valuable por¬ The Friends differed in many re- tion of the Colony. spects from other Protestant sects of There were other settlers who were their tune, but yet were a branch of not of the faith of those who first cam-' the ^ritan faith, the early followers into Gwynedd. There was that sma of which had founded New England 75 German sect called Schvfenkfelder? years before, and to whom the histo¬ founded, humanly speaking.’ by Caspai rian Macauley pays one of his most Sc-hwenkfeld, and who came from ithe eloquent tributes of respect in his Province of Silesia. It is peculiar in great history. Their very intensity of that the whole ( f it is confined to six religious faith, their trust in a higher organizations, and that all of these are belief in God’s protecting found m Montogomery and Berks 1their reliance upon the invisible counties. None are leffintthe father- forces of the universe, tended also to land. They differed from the Flriends create industry, thrift, respect for or- in having music in their worship, and I A?1"’ f belief in education, a devotion to in stated or regular preaching. They | the freedom of the individual, an ad¬ were like them in the plainness of herence to the purity of the family re¬ 1 dress, their plainness of houses of wor¬ lation that invariably make men good ship. in their abjuring oaths and all citizens, capable of self-government fighting, their opposition to litigation, and prosperous in the world that noW and the judicial oath. They were in¬ is. lhe Friends were peculiar in seek- dustrious, economical, and markedly mg to restrain the vanity of show and honest and upright in their dealings. ostentation in dress, in places of wor¬ Like the Quakers they had felt the ship, or sepulchre, in proclaiming the hand of persecution in their own land, unrighteousness of judicial oaths, in and only more severely. In’eed per¬ refraining from using the courts and secution was thejr richestj heritage. It lawyers to settle their differences, had continued from the dawn of the shrmkmg from the slaughter of war Reformation down to the time when and believing that there was a better the ship St. Andrew had brought them way than by sword and gun to right across the sea. to America' in 1734. the wrongs of the world. Sehwenkfeld was driven from his na¬ tive land for the sake of his faith, and The early Friends who first settled none of the Imperial cities of Germany Gwynedd were those from among many others, English and Welsh, who sought could give him an abiding refuge. He actually was obliged to lodge in a cave Pennsylvania, not only to obtain homes, for the space of two years, to secure and improve their personal fortunes but also to acquire the utmost freedom safety, though be was ofl noble "blood, of religious worship for themselves and born to a palace home. He died in and .or their posterity. They, and peace at last, and there Is no account more especially their fathers, had suf- of Christian experience equal to the last hours of this man of God. The f?*rnd £or«the faitb ia the old •and, either by fines and imprisonment, or by experience of the leader'was that of the lighter persecution of contempt and , the followers. Silesia v as a land of ridicule, of tithes and taxation, tosup- extraordinary beauty. Every prospect port oppression and an unjust eccles¬ pleased, but cruel men and rulers dwelt ; iastical system that bore heavily upon there. The sufferings of hese persecat- . ed people were simply indescribable, all non-conformists. The invitation of William Penn has opened the gladsome j Even periods of peace were worse than way towards freedom of worship of the thirty years war. Finally, the most material gain, of hope for the future onerous taxation, instigated by the for themselves and their children. We Jesuits drove them forth to America. leave for others to tell of their person- Some members of the Schwenkfekler , aiiG-- of the details of their settlement, faith began toicome into the western ot the genealogies of their descendants, corner of the township .in 1735. They and of the erection of the several settled about the slopes and valleys houses of worship upon this spot, that there incline to the westward. They were not far from the house of i1 aiound which lies the wide graveyard where lie the bodies of those who have worship that they later built just be- jj gone before. ! vend the township line in Towarnenein. j j In proportion to their numbers, these The immigration of the Welsh I p'ain and worthy people have furnish- [ Friends to Gwynedd did not continue ed their full share for the aggregate | for much over twenty years. Had it moral tone, the religious habits, and continued during the decades after the intellectual vigor of the composite r itV, and had the descendants of these population of Montgomery county. immigrants held possession of the Gwynedd was yet to have another j iaads °.r their ancestors, the whole < ■ mponent part of its early nopula- j township might to this day have been tion. These were the German Luther¬ hf*d by .? homogeneous people, of one ans and Reformed people. Their forms race, and possibly of one religious de- of worship were much more impressive ev^ln™ °n-' T1US was not to be, how- and more ceremonial than those of the vTt/;,-™ ;lllam Penn had made the in¬ Friends and Schwenkfelders. They be- | vitation to come to his colony wide and 121 I came to rUg’iiaft Aflujrrn _ hector™ornament; ana ie?s, could not 1 or dress hnt r, ?™y 113 ve been I > Thev did L* ?? anr-article of fs nf lZ. ]‘d ,not abJure oaths, or ' ( change was to tali place The™ wH ts of law. or turn a deaf ear to the ring: strain of martial music A j pathless/ forestefe id generation furnished a large j ■:'mrc,he? and schools had been ^es¬ - on of <:he active militaryJIff® tablished, and farmhouses dotted the .shin for the RevffiX^ township in which dwelt a diverse peo r faith was that of LuthJr and Cate Pie, speaking different language PAll ^ th a central and strong eccles- stead of hei- the ^ o£ a Sc te feaTJrfof^f• music as a con- a t,^.Ure °f their worship and at feTnd the seSaS J6CtS °£ a monarchy oftth!S,c:llTeSpective of the rnov- Of the Spirit. These people also ; Centennf^erTt°f 1798 did nat hold a mt0thetesonfih townsbip about 1735, ,n the south, near Penllvn and mr?ther Portions Of the township o 1.^0 the great majority of the e were of Welsh origin. Between i .wt WT°u!d I:fnder such an action feas-' i p?ol0d a™,d 17/5 a great change place. Those of German stock y increased, until by the time of fSf- Of .Vh^thSd/edrSSre,,K Solution they equalled, if n°t | ®d’ posterity °f the earlier vision toXo,"”th“afetam1r“Se se Germans first worshipped in hes elsewhere, but from small be- igs were finally able to build a | ! dweibn-s C°ntheneni'e and beauty nd 177«rn P’ Peter's' between rti, w’lPref3ent borough I rth M ales, which afterwards be- masses by schools, books" andP°m the known as the "Old Yellow ^fr®ra, the color of its paint, «Tfrf„,“%£nonS;s‘™f“ I the Reformed and Lutherans h of considerable difference in Sl7hoCe"ed tdh*s?ll>llne-' They’5'™™ and policy, agreed to worship to- *«sssa.«sv^.«««« ims produced sociability and ernal feeling among people of a economical^ ?an^a£e-and *t was ?’ up to the time of the Revolu- he people of Gwynedd were main- SSI MKE*““ “-m“o two races, and of four religious ^mntl0nS' The P°Pulation w'as ^P^ueous. Hke that of an old . celebrate the 30nthle aft.er us will ndu£Wn' It: was difficult to that public spirit that flows from Gwynedd in gratew c anniversary of led’nterest> a common faith, the than we are dote^ nm°rm ^nd fashion -ace a similar language. The I her building than th s’ a stat- •■ns for several generations held I I most flight Of the imoi: ^-lth the ut- fail to grasn the aiag^iuation we may io and°inhtir language in church .- —tli6 home circle That ! their eyes wfi 1 rest upon10^^ th'Pgrs adualty abandoned, though not 1 is confident that it wm heThe Wr!ter ditions as much irn^U be upon «>n- away there has arisen a great as 1898 surpasses ifntn,der and greater mumty of thought and interest gress of human tv !' because the pro¬ ‘ J^b a common speech. Indus- ward. Noblerqrhen andZT up' .vention, and enterprise have women, whilst remoriti ™ore glorious ur rewards. Wealth has come to noting ’what’we dM tolg Us'- and -ompetence to the many, Ld is reserved for the very few Sw udgery and heavy burden his te from labor by machinerv b “ b« •» app*1^ skin. Public7schools, free e better than the best private S l5-a century ago. In religion Mori? Tefe Z6aI Wlthout *n°w- ‘cl hm h® °rms may not have wi - ,have greatly curbed and 4d 4hten?perance and licen- from la,Ter reaPs greater d^mre ^®lds> through greater hd„X°ffoo intensive cultivation. ■.■e ef, , !n value’ immensely it c,fv rv,by tbe contiguity of .i,h Y: There is a legitimate il-hy chssatiofaction -with tilings .n lines which might he imprcv- gives room for hop., for im- on i an inspiration for wcr* to present.tUre b,Ht®r than the past irst settlers^iegg and 1700, who ham was “a land of promise, iavorefl. above all others. In addition it called to mind that of Buckingham in Eng¬ BUCKINGHAM MEETING. land the home of their childhood. Anc now after a journey of two days th< summit of our mountain is reached. Personal Reminiscences and As it was the first prominent feature ir the landscape view on their way thith-' Brief Sketches. er, they must have viewed it with a measure of delight, and from its crown¬ ing summit what a wonderous work'1 A Paper Written by A. S. Paxson, of ueauty met their enraptured gaze In the long range of vision far away Esq., and Read at the Young with its roundec and blue summit rose high above in¬ Friends’ Association at Bucking¬ tervening hills. But thither their steps were not led. Their eyes rested on ham Meeting House. beauty woven and cliff bound valley beneath their feet, their future homes. It covers a long period of time, some¬ While civilization and refinement were vet in their infancy the work of fell¬ thing over two centuries of the latter ing the forest was under way and the half of the present century, the writer woodman’s axe was - eard on every has much personal , knowledge, and the hand, stilling the wind muses of whose murmuring boughs swept gently over forepart thereof he has learned through its rivulets and meads and floated in parents and others equally well in¬ melody over the crystal ripples that formed of what has transpired. Con¬ burst forth so mysteriously from peb- cerning the time preceding this, we . bled bottoms in the distant hills. Out rely upon official records and the writ¬ little colqny of Friends located, mostly, ings that prominent members of the adjoining this meetings property, and meeting have left behind them. as the spring opened their husbandry In order to arrive at a correct under¬ commenced, and as May with its buds standing of the Status of this meeting and blossoms and June with its sum¬ we will have to go back to a time some¬ mer baptism of jubilee opened up the what anterior to Penn’s arrival upon summer our Friends felt as though the shores of the Delaware. As early they were in the real as well as ideal as 1680, meetings of worship were es¬ land of promise. As early as 170-: tablished about the Falls, even before Friends met together and held meet¬ the land bore the name of Pennsylvan¬ ings for worship at private houses, ia and those Friends who were settled built a meeting-house on a ten acre from Bristol upwards, used to attend lot of James Stracter’s land, and in the meetins's for business at Burling¬ 17Q6, they desired to have glass windows ton. The new or West Jersey Colony but in the same, and Joseph Kirk- of Friends obtained patent from Ed¬ bride and offered to pay mund Andros and located on the west the expense thereof. This house was side of the Delaware, before the grant built of logs cut from the nearby forest. ■was made to Penn. At the Yearly In 1720, they found more room required, ivleeting he t in Philadelphia in 1683, it and yet again in 1729, they a.dded an was decided that the monthly meeting addition 16 feet square of stone. Up to at the Falls should be divided into two this time the houses had been of logs or parts the one to be held “about the frame. It is now difficult to locate Neshaminy.” The first Falls meeting¬ the house wherein Friends first met in house was built in 1690. Unis Nesham¬ 1700, before the first log meeting house iny meeting was near the stream Nesh¬ was built, as they met at the houses of aminy and the courts of Bucks county , William Gooper, alternating at John were held in this house in the year 1692. . Gillingham’s, James Straeter’s and About the year 1706 the name was Nathaniel Bye’s, but it is probable at changed to “Middletown Meeting" and the houses of William Cooper on tlf so continued. As early as 1704 meet¬ Ash property a short distance west ings for worship were sometimes held us. The first meeting house in th at Friends’ houses, and in 1710 a meet¬ grave yard on the original Parsor ing house was built and a meeting set- tract, and the present one is on . tied therein. In 1701 application was ! Straeter tract, the line between made by the men settlers above two following the grave yard wall, Wrightstown to have a meeting for is difficult now to fix the date when worship, weekly, among themselves present grave yard was first used 1 and others who might wish to meet burials. It seems, however, as with them, to which the Falls meeting as 1705, when Straeter conveye assented. Tnis gave a fresh impetus to acres “ in trust to buim a me move northward, into central Bucks, house on, and for a burying grot and in this they were not disappointed. Where interments -were made Gathering together their household ef¬ this I am unable to say. Tradition 1 fects, with flocks and herds they be¬ it that the present yard was once gan their toilsome journey. Traveling Indian field or clearing and may was not as easy then as now. Few been used for burial purposes, or roads were opened or bridges built, be Friends held over for a time, or ' streams had to be forded and Indian they saw a fitting place to lay in pe trails or paths led through trackless But this is somewhat speculative, forests or thick growth of underwood. have no recollection of attending Nothing daunted, they pushed onward, funeral before the present yard • having an abiding faith that Bucking-^ used for that purpose. At a Qua -T'/. 123

meeting iieia at tne Fails in 1720. we learn; Whereas Friends of Bucking- ™;i?1-hert° belonging to Falls, being for ^ v mcr.eased ln number and have for a long time, wnn hardships travel¬ ed a.^reat way- moves to have a Monthly meeting of their own. Al¬ though loath to part with their good mg present and has doubt¬ company they grant Buckingham a less been ihar pasc times. We may Monthly meeting.” It is a significant saply say tha? n?ntIeSS others <*ur- worship can be offered™ for accfptable j thenTid'nof that the membership Tr d-r 1 Vary much from that now unfolded unto us- that’-CodT have ft it? t/.61’ it was decided to build a new and that to worsMr, d ls a spirit- house, and the committee ap- j worship Him jn srJl,p „H'm- we must pointed to locate it, not being able to casting our eves a, ai\d ln truth-” In agree, they called upon the Quarterly this historic buifding fet’ &nd within meeting for advice, and received the mind those who he D&ed tr ® , CaH t0 .following answer: “On the 25th day of finally did the wnrt t^° pan and [y® lst month, 1762: We the sub¬ grandfather of the latte^P " ard Good- scribers appointed by the Quarterly did the carpenter wort-6 fearson Good, meeting to assist you with some advice tion now shows the builder to^h^1' respecting some difficulty arising been a master hand. Mathias HniA 6 among you in regard to the building of a new meeting-house, and having fully heard the members of your meeting on t? 11^t>,teir’+Knd ^ aPPearing evident to us that there is a great disagree¬ there fortno Zl, at they were put ment amongst you concerning the t)lac° [whereon to set the building, and con¬ 5 ■Sf’iSSS sidering the danger and hurt that may lanse to a religious society, if such dis¬ union should subsist, we carefully ad¬ vise that Friends endeavor to divest l7nga 'Mathias'1' themselves of private views and con¬ sider what may most contribute to the general good of Friends, and be more unanimous before they undertake the work. And as we have viewed the sev- eral places in debate, we are of the opinion that the most convenient place to set a new meeting-house is on the hill on the south side of the yard ” Signer by Mahlon Kirkbride, James Moon, John Woolston, William Paxson, to diplomacy a mtii ’■ B-,11 hls hand i Thomas Paxson, Joseph Hampton, and Jacob Heston. The old road bed is yet to be seen near the grave yard wall on the north side of the meeting-house. Additional “Cut cSfe.S'aK* ,5a6ftS' committeePhe ctsired S t°v,Vei- t0t the ground was secured the same year, but of Iris name, (M H ) ss hn-n6 mitials t was not until the Ilth-month, 1767 .nat work was commenced in the erec- tbheoupiahct1hia the ^wfflderp^ .ion of the present structure. In 1768 monumental TnTZ somewhat of the he old house which stood in the grave i yard took fire, while the meeting was ?reuntif heehhthUS ^^ T time' :n session and was burned down There vas a large fire place in each end of he house, with good wood fires there¬ in, and the roof took fire from the Iy not d.oubt8ifX himney. a p&sser-by observed the fire ' rs^ hlTTb^^ n°tlCe t0 the worship. and. To this the y.laced. m the gable L * TT the,r house was on fire The ”Me He'd’ r ™PoVThX lldXtstiffiehlyTtmeeting W3S held ^ tht he 11 was concluhed to hold ing-house^ had ZTfetteTbTp/ M?et’ ntiM? th y meetings at Plumstead "i11*1>e new house should'be finished i8dinlith?fiftherly ?leetins' next ensu- onthi^t, month at Wrightstown Hutchinson ?he bBildef^The of Ann J. Paxson was as B,® hne,a&e on the paternal side w fully marked

•ported the cost of’ lanVmatmTaT^nd William Johnson came oveffrom^hf 1 oi kmanship amounted £736, 14s 'lKd a?ls 't6 3f 40 by 7U feet in size. The by the motto ontheflmfiv Xpla,ined hated with /°°d Srit stone narrow arms: “Ubi Liberty* IM PaHia ”' rf the en v tb a eCOncalve Poster cornice may have seen, even thera iW , He tk! i n1 continued around the artmmh ln?lde shutters making two aitments when desired, are of nolish i *5a» ° tS a”" 1,0l<1 ‘Mr lu".« t ^ u shrL mtl floor 18 0i yellow pine sss.?sa X'paiSrH • * little wear Tor more than a ,hcLk5. gtfHz and lectures left behind jSu/Ztgg , _ _C.L . , . ,i. over The following extract taken from This hasty sketch of Ann J. Paxson ?hl minutes of Bucks Quarterly meet¬ would be incomplete without some men¬ ing of Friends held at the house of tion of her partner and companion on Richard Hough, the 5th of the 6th- life’s pa .hwayf Thomas Paxson. from month 1885: “Henry Baker hath Abington, Montomey Co., made fre¬ brought in an account of disbursements quent visits in the early spring time about the bringing of Thomas and summer of 1817 to the hospitable Canby into this country, and they both, mansion, of Samuel and Martha John¬ viz.: Henry Baker and Thomas Canby, son whereat Horace and Fannie Broad- have referred the length of time the hurst how reside, and his visits be¬ said Thomas Canby shall s®rv® came frequent and prolonged. And said Henry Baker for the said charge this is laid at the door of Ann Johnson and his passage, and it is the agree¬ a member of the family visited whose ment and judgment of this meeting rare intellectual endowments and other that the said Thomas Canby shall characteristics of the true woman were serve the said Henry Baker five years well calculated to captivate. The from this day, and at the expiration of friendship thus formed resulted finally said term, the said Henry Baker shall in his asking her hand, a very proper allow the said Thomas Canby apparel thing no doubt, and it seems, it was not and corn and what other things are al¬ witnheld, for we find that while the lowed1UWCU ttywy lawICPVV to minors—-—- so _brought .. - mountain yet held its autumnal shades over, and that the indenture shall ac- of rich beauty in changing leaf the fit¬ cordingly be drawn and sealed by each ting vows of love and constancy were party, to which judgment both parties spoken within these walls, that united declare their satisfaction.” them for their future pathway on lifes At the expiration of this term, which journey.; The first year of their mar¬ ' to our view now would seem largely in ried life! was spent at his father's near excess of any sum needed for one pas¬ Abingtoh meeting, but in 1819 they sage of a boy from England to Penn¬ moved t£> the farm adjoining this meet¬ sylvania, Young Canby settled at ing’s property on the west. Thomas Abington, Montgomery county, and in Paxson, thus early in life took an im¬ 1693 married Sarah Jarvis, and after a mediate and deep interest in this meet¬ few years moved to Buckingham in our ing wai chosen clerk soon thereafter county, and purchased a farm on the and finally as Elder, which position he Durham road, a short distance below held at the time of his death . He Centreville, supposed to be the same took an important part in all business premises now occupied by Joseph An¬ meetings, and upon committees where derson. His first wife died here in ripe judgment was needed his name April. 1708, and in June, 1709, he mar¬ was foupd. He was a strict disciplinar¬ ried Mary, daughter of Evan Oliver,; ian and heid closely to the time honor¬ ed practices and discipline of the so¬ who came from Radnorshire, in Wales. ciety. In the matter of dress and ad¬ She died, however, early in 1721, and dress now much lost sight of he adher¬ shortly thereafter Canby located on ed closely to that of early Friend and what is now known as the Stavely from youth upward and through life homestead over the line in Solebury. no deviation was made therefrom. “He tialsand names of some of our ancestors was always known by the garb he as now seen thereon call to mind those youths who took little stock in the wore.” Thomas Paxson died on the nine¬ sermons. The writer is not suppose® teenth of fourth month, 1881, m the to have taken any part in cutting those eighty-eiehth year of his age, and his symbols. wife on the twenty-first of third month, The outer doors are hung with heavy 1883 in her ninety-second year. I hey strap hinges which formerly, and per¬ were buried in the yard belonging to haps now. emit a peculiar sound when this meeting, where rest my ancestors opened. They sang the same tune one for several generations. They died as hundred years ago. The high seatsj thev had lived, consistent members ot look solemn like and seem to say, we; that excellent society, the society ot were filled the latter part of the last Friends. The Master’s summons found century. The two gj-eat wood stoves them with their loins girt, their staff that warmed the worshippers would tip in their hands, and their lamp burning. the scales at well nigh a ton, have long Tne melnory of good parents should sinc-e been supplanted with stove^j always 1 be cherished. The in¬ burning anthracite coal. What has be¬ fluence of good lives cannot be too come of the old castings I am unable long perpetuated. It strengthens those 1 to say, probably gone to some foundry who. following in their footsteps, strive and melted up as old iron. What a to emulate their virtues. Having thus relic of the olden time would they no given some account of the present be, and hunted up for our historic#! meeting-house and the two former ones society. The antiquarian can j which were located in the grave yard, where a bullet has pierced the par let us retrace our steps and go back¬ tion, grazed the window jamb $ ward tolthe first organization of the made its way outward. It was fir meeting in 1720. The first clerk was some time during the Revolution. T Thomas Canby. He came from_ Thorn, Monthly Meeting in the 12th-mont Yorkshire, England, and reached Bucks 1777, was held in Thomas Ellicott county !in 1683, in company with his blacksmith shop, on account of uncle apd guardian, Henry Baker. At house being occupied by the soldiers that time he was a youth of sixteen and a hospital. First-day meetings n® is supposed to have had little means at however continued there, the ST his disposal. We are led to this belief being kept in one end while the oi J from the fact of his indenture to serve end was put in order for worshil a bjjAmber Of years to pay his passage 4* 125 i the -soldiers who sat' in meeting1 with views and feelings of one at least with¬ j their muskets stacked near the' door. in these walls, a year or more ago. He The old horse blocks yet standing call writes: i to mind the day when all the worship- “I have been to Quaker meeting, and ! pers came either on horseback or on shall go again; i foot, while two long rows of stables It was so quiet and so neat, so simple | served for the horses. There were no and so plain; -i : carriage sheds there 100 years ago. The angels seemed to gather there, i The ancient graveyard as also the from off the other shore, i strangers and soldiers upon the turn¬ And fold their wings in quietness, as pike just before entering the meeting- though they’d been before. ground from the top of the hill are ob¬ There was no high priced organ there, jects of interest. When the hill was no oostly singing choir. graded and cut down in making the To help you raise your thoughts to turnpike the bones of some poor fellow God, and holiness inspire; was unearthed, and I was one of those But sitting still in silence, we seemed j who dug another grave in a more se¬ to feel and know cure place. And here too are also The still small voice that entered in found some of the old oaks that have a and told the way to go. history and growth of perhaps two The walls were free from paintings i centuries. Could they but speak they and costly works of art, I would tell us that in their young days That in our modern churches seem to the eagle and wild deer were their play so large a part; companions, that the Lenni Lenape and For it seems they each endeavor to other tribes passed near them on then- please the eye of man. way to the great spring. When they And love all thoughts of plainness in passed away the pale faces came and every church they plan. cleared the forests, made roads, built There was no bustle, noise, or stir, as bridges, mills and dwellings, but they each one took his seat, too have gone by generations to lie But silence settled over all, not sol¬ down within their sight. They have emn, but so sweet, watched over their trust, withstood the As each one in his quiet way implored tempest howling through them, receiv¬ for strength to know ed the lightning’s stroke that left the The right from wrong in everything, house unharmed! But their destiny is and asked the way to go. nearly fulfilled. At their birth, near It seemed when I was there, so peace¬ two centuries ago, they were awakened ful and so still, by the bursting of an acorn’s shell, and That I was in God’s presence, and they saw the bright sun rise in the there to do His will; mountain pass. To-day they see the The simple, peaceful, quiet did more to black smoke curling from the iron move my heart horse as he rolls through our beautiful Than any worship yet had done, with valley, bringing congenial spirits to our all its show and art.” many homes of culture and refinement. He parted with tn/s property and we : What hallow-ed memories are called next find him at what was then- call¬ to mind as the eye rests upon these ed Heatn’s mill on the great spring- seats so long filled by a most worthy stream, near Newhope, and here late class of men and women who so faith¬ in 1722, he took unto nimself a third fully upheld the standard of Christian¬ wife, Jane Preston. He returned to ity in times long gone. It was not man Solebury, where he remained until his alone, but woman that did her full death, in 1742. aged 75 years. share in the good work. You will ob¬ He had 9 children by his first wife and serve that I adhere to the old and time 3- by the second. He fulfilleu in a mea¬ honored name of woman as distin¬ sures the Scriptural injuction to “multi¬ guishing her as the mother of all liv¬ ply 7and fill the earth.” Most of his ing. There is the highest authority for ichil/dren grew to man and womanhood, so doing, for we find when Adam was ! ana ’ intermarried with the Paxsons, in a deep sleep the Lord took one of his ! Gillinghams, Elys, Prestons, Staplers, ribs from which he made a "woman.” ; [Smiths .Hamptons, Lacys, Hibbs, Wil¬ And he further said “she shall be called : sons, Shipleys, Johnsons, et al. without woman.” And yet latter on it was a limit. Many of them were blessed with “woman” of Samaria that had a little large families, and their descendents chat with her Lord and Master when have sprea- their outstretched arms, she came to draw water from the well not only over Bucks county, but the in Sychar’s vale, as to the value of the States of New Jersey, Delaware, Mary¬ waters thereof and the waters of ever¬ land, Ohio and Indiana and the far lasting life vouchsafed unto her. West claim to have numerous repre¬ There is no mention anywhere of our sentatives from the Canby line who are Saviour having an interview with any esteemeu as their most valued citizens. “lady” of Samaria. Yet withal it The name is not common at the pre¬ must be accepted that every good and sent day but this may be accounted for true woman is a lady, as is recognized from the fact that- twelve of the family by the world at large. were girls, and as they had a fashion, There has been little preaching in then as now, of changing their name in this house for a long time, but an oc¬ early womanhood, as good opportunity casional instructive discourse is heard. : presented, itself, the Canby name was In the main, however, the worship has ost. Not so the blood. It is carried been of a meditative and spiritual iown the stream of time, and however, character, and this may be aptly il- j much of the original is lost, a propor- lustrated_in a^ few lines, giving the | T donate quantity still remains, and the dulse will register its ebb and flow to the latest generations. The lateTKo- first to take a stand and bamsn intoxi¬ tnas Paxson, of Buckingham, has left cating liquors from the harvest field. on record an incident connected with This was for a time thought to be a his grandmother. Jane Canby ,daughter great innovation, and many Friends Df Thomas Canby, who married Thomas suffered some inconvenience in gather¬ Paxson the elder and lived on what is ing in their harvests. In making this now the Johnson estate a short dis¬ advancement in the good work, they tance above Centre Bridge; "When merely made one step forward. As an travelling on horseback to Friends’ instanse, a friend was dealt with “for meeting at Buckingham, observing a j taking strong drink to excess,” but the small cedar bush by the roadside, dis- ! committee visiting failed to state what mounted, and pulling it gently from the quantity could be taken before reaching earth, resumed her seat in the saddle, j the line of "excess.” They reached a and arriving early at the meeting¬ higher plane later on, and considered house, procured a fire shovel and plant¬ that its use in any measure as a bever¬ er the bush at the grave of her young age was in “excess.” child that had been buried a few days The testimony of Friends in regard to /previous.” The tree grew to vast pror- war was a most difficult one to man- tions. and as it was for a long time, the tain, and bore heavily upon them. They only one in the yard,, attracted much at¬ held*that n wars and fightings were in tention, and its history is known to accord with the precepts of the blessed many. It stood in the southern end of Messiah, then the teachings of George the yard and must have been much Fox ani. William Penn were vain. Dur¬ more than one hundred years old -when ing the war of the Revolution they a heavy storm uprooted it many years took no active part, but in a general ago. A portion of the trunk is yet to way were loyal to the King, and were be seen, as also a small stone, that content “to endure the ills we have marks the site of the grave. General than fly to those we know not of.” On Davis, in his history of Bucks county, this account many were thrown into relates the following incident; "Tradi¬ prison, because they could not for con¬ tion tells the story that on one occasion, ' science sake take the test or affirmation Lydia, the youngest daughter of of allegiance ana abjuration, or comply Thomas Canby, a small but active with the requisitions as directed by the child, mounted the spirited horse of act of assembly. For -this reason in Thomas Watson, while he was on a 1778 John Hollingsworth, Thomas Buck- visit toj her father. A noise at the man Charles Dingee, James Smith, door called them out and they found Stephen Howell, and Joshua Bennet, all the girl astride the animal, with his members of this meeting were confined head turned homeward. Mr. Watson in the Lancaster jail. Nicholas Wain, exclaimed, "the poor child will be kill¬ a prominent! Friend whose history may ed,” to which Canby replied, “if thee be known to many of us, issued an ad¬ will risk thy horse I will risk my child.” dress to the different meetings, where¬ The horse and child reached Mr. Wat¬ in Friends were encouraged to bear son’s near Bushington, he white with with their sufferings for conscience foam, but gentle, when Lydia turned sake, and remember the promise given his head and lode back to her fathers. by the blessed Messiah to his apostles: This must have occurred when Canby’s Lo I am with you always, even unto lived at the now Anderson place, below the end of the world.” Centreville, and as Lydia was the We have no record of the length of youngest child, many of the 17 children time the persons mentioned above suf¬ were probably born there. Mr. Wat¬ fered in prison, and wjre separated son owned the large estate near Bush¬ from tneir families. Had I been one of ington now held by the Cox family. them I would have penciled upon the Thomas Canby was far more than an walls of my cell before leaving, the fol¬ ordinary man, and possessed a rare lowing: combination of the best elements of our nature, and his name and character "High walls and huge, the body may did much to mould society for a higher confine; - standard of excellence, not only in the And iron grates obstruct the prisoner’s society, but in the world at large. gaze, We have thus far narrated briefly And massive bolts may baffle his de¬ some of the events occurring in the sign, first century of the society history. To And keepers vigilant watch his devious cover all of interest, would swell this ways; paper to a volume. Society was not Yet spurns the immortal mind this base constituted then as now. The present control, generation have little idea of the work No chains can bind it soars from pole i and labor required at the hands of to pole, early Friends, A large membership, And in a flash from earth to Heaven it widely scattered, made a laborious goes; work to look after the erring ones, and 'Tis up before the sun roaming afar. scarcely a month passed that some one And in it watches wearys every star.” was not brought to the attention of the After years of suffering and privation meeting. Outgoings in marriage, as it the clouds that had so long o’ersha.d- '& was called, wherein both were not owed our beloved land and gave gloom members, attending places of diversion and forebodings for the future rolled and amusements, with many other acts away, and the dove of peace came with not in accord with the best teaching of her emblems of love and joy. j.nis gave Friends. an opportunity to repair the waste The subject of temperance claimed places in Zion occasioned by the war, society were and an era of prosperity dawned which carried Friends onward well nigh half a century. But while resting in appar¬ ent security they were confronted later on what proved to be far more reaching 127

than the war or any calamities they [ naci hitherto known, and culminated in II able right, no power, civil or ecelesi- a separation, or what is known as the | astical should ever interfere. That division. While Friends were liberal in this blessed liberty was amply enjoy¬ their views and allowed wide scope of ed among Friends, and through faith¬ thought and action, it finally led to a fulness, not speculative opinions, but great divergence, and the harmony of to the light of Christ within. That this the meetings were much uisturbed. The l blessed influence is a wall of defence small -seeds of discontent soon took on the right hand and on the left, pro- root and grew, and the harvest was one j tecting all, even the weakest in the 01 .'liscord. a very promin¬ flock, and that within this sacred en¬ ent minister had much to do with closure our rights and privileges re¬ bunging about this crisis and but pose, as in the bosom of society in per¬ for whom the storm might have fect security. This is substantially the been averted, for a time at least, I text of his sermon in this house in 1827. hriend Hicks was born of Quaker par- A number of Friends, however, took ex¬ f?1®' lrl Hempstead, Long Island, on the ceptions to the main body of the dis¬ 19th of March, 1748. He had little course and alleged that while he ad¬ school education but worked on a farm mitted that the Scriptures were useful cluimg his boyhood. Early religious im- as instruction and a saving* grace they pressions led him into the ministry and should not be placed higher than the i at the age of 21 years his mission com- teachings of the Holy Spirit revealed j menced. He visited Philadelphia Year- unto the heart of man. At this late I ly meeting in 1827 and most of the day, its hard to learn the true inward - meetings comprising it. He spoke with | ness of the situation, as most, if not all ! great force and power, and stirred the of those who took an active part there¬ society to its inmost depths. His in, have crossed the river dividing the teachings were bold and aggressive finite from the infinite. But the result He broadened anew the avenues to , is known. The cross is reached and the thought and plowed deep furrows storm burst with all its fury. The through old seed fields of opinion. He 1 dove of harmony that had so long hov¬ addressed a very large assemble in ered o’er them fled afar, and folded her this house in 1827. wherein he called the wings closely, and peace itself escaped attention of Friends to "the light to the skies and sought shelter from within, that while the Scriptures were the tempest. valuable and instructive there were A separation of this formerly harmo¬ other guidances given man beside the nious and happy people was made written law, that innate principle, that without any delay, and two monthly divine monitor that has been with man meetings were now in session, as far from the beginning, and will continue apart in unity as the poles, yet each until life's pilgrimage is ended. That claiming the guidance and protection this light within is not of man or his of the Lamb of God that taketh away teachings, but is born of God and im¬ the sins of the world, and who said planted in the breast of every one, no unto His Disciples, “A new command¬ matter what his condition or outward ment I give unto you, that ye love one surrounuings; that in all countries and all climes, wherever mankind are another as I have loved you.” Under tound there will be implanted this existing circumstances they must have Hea\ enly principle, differing* only in failed in the observance of this Com¬ degree as its admonitions are heeded, mandment. In the world at large, for that the- untored children of the wild¬ a time at least, the two branches as erness are not insensible to its divine thus divided were known as Hicksites influence, and this must have been and Orthodox. The former, being through some other instrumentality than largely in the majority held the meet¬ the scriptures which they had ' never ing house as they did most, if not all seen. And this may aptly be illustrat¬ ,in Bucks county. The minority party ed by the Indian maiden in her reply held their meetings at the house of to the Missionary, who sought to con¬ Benjamin and Sarah Gillingham at the vert .her to his faith and mode of wor¬ intersection of upper Yhrk and Street ship. Stretching her bared arm Heav¬ roads, until 1830, when their present enward she answered: house was built, and in which they now worship. At this day it must “God speaketh afar in the forest and seem surpassing strange to us that a says oehold in the woodland so house with the dimensions of this, with wild dividing shutters making two large With its Heaven arched aisle, the true apartments, could not have accommo¬ church of my child." dated the two wings of division. But Friend Hicks further boldly pro¬ then at that time party spirit ran high claimed that he had no new gospel to and they were not content to worship preach other than taught by the Apos¬ under one roof. tles of old, nor any other foundation^ Early in 1829, a committee was ap¬ to lay than that already laid down by I pointed relative to an amicable adjust¬ our forefathers, even “Christ within ' ment of property, with those individ¬ the hope of glory, the power of God , uals who had separated themselves and fhe wisdom of God.” neither did from this meeting, reported they have he hive any discipline to propose I communication to those Friends the other than that we already possess* object in view, and have received for but that high above and over all the answer, “that they cannot meet us in great, truth should be known that “God the subject proposed.” What the'basis alone is the sovereign Lord of con¬ of this proposition was cannot now he science, and that with this unalien- learned, but presumably it was that those holding the old meeting house - 7 -S-

' A ’ >vx and grounds pay over to those who tery. From the length this paper has had left them, a sum proportionate to already reached we are warned that it should come to a close. In conclusion their numbers at the time of separa¬ we may safely say, without danger of tion. The animosities then engendered contradiction, that no Monthly Meet¬ died away with the generation taking an active part therein, and a fraternal ing in Bucks Quarter has made such a feeling now happily exists between the record for good as this. Although . two divisions. In nearing the close of much thinned out in membership, ow¬ this brief sketch of the meeting’s ing in a measure to other denomina¬ doings we must not omit to make men¬ tions of Christians in our midst, which tion of happenings that may be of were not here formerly, but those j much interest to our fair young friends members with intercourse with Friends who may in the near or distant future have imbibed many of the essential - contemplate a change in the pathway elements of Quakerism and with 1 on life’s journey.- It is said: “What Friends are now doing good work in j has been may be done,” and I will state the evangelical world. for their encouragement, that within The meeting was fortunate in its i these walls and the two former meet¬ early history in having a man of ster- |j ing houses, there were woven 730 silken ling integrity as Thomas Canby as | ties that bound two willing hearts, and clerk and standard bearer. As he ; the fitting vows of love and constancy passed away others arose up from time were spoken that marked out a life to time and the good work was carried j line of duty. on well nigh two centuries, and to have | been preserved thus long must have “And lives divergent until then been partakers of the comforting 1 Unite and open not again.” promises to the Church of Israel as ; recorded by the Prophet Isaiah: “Fear j There must have been a huge heap of silk to weave from and the length of not. for I have redeemed thee, I have j the ties is not known at present, but called thee by thy name, thou art mine. | presumably long enough to encircle the When thou passeth through the waters f pair. I am sorry to says however, that I will be with thee, and through the two or more were long enough to have rivers, they shall not overflow thee, | some hard knots tied in them by the when thou walkest through the fire formerly happy pairs, ere many years thou shall not be burned, neither shall had marked their marital career. One the flames kindle upon thee.” What instance was brought to my notice the future of this meeting will reveal from the fact that my parents were of is not for us to know, but for the in¬ a committee to visit a pair who had creased interest of late, coupled with got estranged and made two house¬ the good work of the “Young Friends’ holds where only one should have been. Association,” may we not believe that I By skillful diplomacy the silken tie it will be -in the future as in the past, | that had been knotted was made loose “A hiding place for the wind, a covert and a second reunion entered into, but • from the tempest, as rivers of water in j with what measure of success I am un- a dry place, as the shadow of a mighty j able to say, perhaps until the death of rock in a weary land.” | the wife many years ago. Her partner j yet lives, his years ranging far up into the nineties. I forbear to gives names, but he may be found within an hour’s ride from this place. He is communi¬ cative and glad to see old friends. But the most memorable event in the mat- ! rimonial line, was in the year 1824, when four couples entered into hymens bonds the same day and same hour. They were John Wilson and Mary Fell, Daniel Smith and Hannah Betts, Sam¬ uel Eastburn and Mary Carver, David .J..J... r).X. [comef i naf? ere s a4?i arfes 4 in 4th-month, 4th day of the week, in 1824. We do not know that the visit of Lafayette to this country this same year had anything to do with hasten¬ w HISTORY OF NEWTOWN. ing up so many nuptials upon the same BY H. K. BYRE. day, but they may have had in their The real history of Newtown begins with mind’s eye a bridal tour to witness La¬ the townstead, which was laid out as soon fayette’s triumphal tour through Philadelphia or Trenton. as settlers began to come to the Neshaminy Our esteemed friend, the late Daniel and pick out their farms. The townstead Smith, far outlived all his contempora¬ was a piece of land about a mile square, ries in marriage. The records of this and in a map made under the direction of 1 meeting show a greater number of I Penn in 1684, we find that it was laid out marriages than any in the Quarter, not and the land in it belonged to fifteen peo¬ excepting the Falls, the parent meet¬ ple who had bought adjacent tracts, but ing. This may be accounted for from these lots did not include that part of the the fact that for a period of 100 years , town known as the common. This was a or more, it was the largest Monthly rectangular piece of land on both sides of Meeting in the Quarter , and conse¬ quently more young people to invest the creek between State and Sycamore their all in the matrimonial bond lot¬ ^eits, and extendecT from Frost l.ane on rchambault bought the Brick Hotei. ne |tae North to the northern boundary of Dr made great improvements on it by building l0‘ ?n the South and contained a another story on the part then standing 4°1 acres> This c°mmon gave and putting a two story extension on the iJnrinl ner8 £eeT"8e of the creek and the west end. He was an enterprising man tn thrL U‘ was 8Urveyed and granted and had as many as ninety boarders at a to three men who were to take charge of it tl™e- j ?e.800n bought about fifteen acres °J themselves and the other of land between State and Congress streets kUFD Sf°k th?itown’ but these men all and north of Washington avenue. He I be{°k® tbe tlfcl? bad been fully made, opened what is now Liberty street, but then nothing was done with it until 1727 named it Napoleon street in honor of the when ten of the land owners in the town. emperor who was a great friend of Archam- I ®dnasreed to purchase it and divide it Dault. He was educated in a French school equally among themselves as it best suited and made a special study of horses, and mfiVwl 8tre®ts tbrougb it. But in served one year in Napoleon’s army, and Pk- up at pub!ie 8ale> the lots stayed with him one year at St. Helena. ' wpJ? Bof._^fshmgton avenue on State street He had to leave there so he came to Amer¬ nw»rHh-s f for fee8’ wblle tbose uorth of ica as he had no interest in France since Washington avenue and those on Sycamore the emperor was not there. He landed in L street were sold on ground rents, but few of New York and drifted around until he flthese ever had any rent paid on them and reached Newtown, where he started as a soon came back to the trustees, who sold tinsmith but soon bought the Temperance them again, and by an agreement of the £ House, then the Brick Hotel. It was while money from these sales went to the academy he owned the Brick Hotel that a man by Km hiofW^T-’ ‘2 the scho°l8 funded the name of Plummer was preaching a new or to be founded mi the township and the SwEM doctrine in the lower end of this county remaimng £ was to be used in the town as and occasionally held meetings in Newtown.’ the end ofihh0Ught be8b Tbis was about T or awhile they were held in the academy, £eh®?S f the common, for it soon began to but as that was under Presbyterian rule the be built up and now contains some of the doors were soon closed against him, then pr“lclPal busmess places of our town. Arehambault invited the Plummerites to I 1725 when Newtown was made the his house but it was too small, so they raised I county seat, there were only a few log cabins money and built a hall on land given by ESW tbe Pe°Ple soon began to Arehambault, on condition that anyone I fi?0id better bouses and hotels for the men who wanted to preach there without pay that came here during court. The hotels could have the hall free. This hall was torn or inns are about the oldest buildings that down and the present one built on the same of fh«I8-aDdlDg.un the town- The oldest ground in 1883 on the same conditions. (Of these is on the eastern side of State The Court was moved to Newtown from street S 660 Clntre avenue and Mercer Bristol in 1725. The Court House was on Rond’’, ,1 was known as the “Bird-in- Court street, m the rear of where the Hand and was built about 1726 or’28 The next to be built was Court Inn on the library now stands. The first floor was used as a court room, while the second ff’J®* ,corn,er of Centre avenue and was used for jury rooms. In this building erv it 18 °°W used as a confection- “Red fion TThe„next °ne t0 be built was the until 1813WaS 6ld f°r eigbty-eigbt years™ Ked Lion Inn” or what is now known as The first jail was erected where Hellyer’s the Brick Hotel, although it was not nearly so large then as it is now, for it originaliv drug store now stands, but was too small consisted of the eastern half and wa^ only and another was built where Dr. Crewitt two stories high. It was thought the bricks now lives. Directly west of the Court House and south of this building was used m it were imported from England, bu? erected a small stone building, with walls elster^nart W°fttat they Were made in tbe two feet thmk and a roof one foot thick. avenue Pt» °f t0Wn ?ear Washington avenue. There were also several other This building was used for the storage of aotels m use while the court was held here all documents. It soon became too small and a st2Pe. bujlding was erected across the thAerri), Tbe Temperance House, ’’was street. This building had heavy walls and fh“™ fortes; CMi“”' ',h° k'P*«*°ol ir

.. V’jk. utC. n m 1 . __ time the.Wd members had lost most of their interest and had appointed a committee to sell the books, but the rising generation lOGRAJ OF HISTORICAL PAPERS proposed to come in with the old members and increase the number of volumes; this they did, and in 1791 the library had 823 1 volumes. The books were kept at the Court House for several years, then they were The Historians of the Upper End of moved to a small frame building on Court Bucks County Assemble in the street, erected on a lot given by the Hickses. The company was incorporated in 1789, Grove Near the Famed Ringing and in 1882 moved to the pretty little brick building on Court street and Centre avenue. Rocks of Nockamixon—A Large The number of books has steadily increased until they now have over 4000 volumes in Crowd Listens to the Exercises. the library. Of the six churches in Newtown the For the second time in the history Presbyterian is the oldest and the only one •of the organization the Buckwampun of any historic value. It was built in 1769, Historical and Literary Association but before this time they had a small frame met at the Ringing Rocks near Bridge- building about half a mile west of town. ton on Saturday. It was the occasion Around this building was a graveyard, and of the eleventh annual meeting of the | among the thick growth can still be seen several marble slabs. After the Battle of association that has done such excel¬ Trenton several Hessian prisoners were lent work in historical research for the | kept in the church. One of them is sup¬ upper part of Bucks county. The sit' posed to have written the following lines: is one of the three deposits of phonolit “ In times of war, and long before, ic rocks in Pennsylvania which emit I God and the soldier the people did adore; -clear, metallic bell-like tones- wl But war is over, and all things righted, God is forgot and the soldier slighted.” struck with a hammer, and which have ,] This verse remained on the wall until a been objects of much research by geol¬ few vears ago, when it was painted over. ogists and archaeologists as well Another place of interest in Revolution¬ as places of curiosity, wonder, adr ary times is the Alexander German house, tion and pleasure to the public ge which was used by Washington as his head¬ ally. The other deposits of like phor quarters about the time of the Battle of litic rocks are located one at Stor Trenton. Garden, at the foot of Haycock Hour And now Newtown, which is one of the tain, in Haycock township, and oldest in the country, can justly be proud, third near Pottstown, Montg for it has advanced with the times and county. The deposit near Bridgetor taken up the improvements as they came, covers between four and five acres ar is perfectly bare of vegetation, pre and to-day we can truly say it is one of the ing a scene of desolation and yet prettiest, and has as many improvements grand sublimity as one gazes up as any town of its size in the State. mighty boulders having the appearanc of havng been piled up by some gi; Rand. The scene is one for which 1 curiosity seeker feels well repaid the tiresome journey over rocks and up narrow paths, slipping, sliding a From, ^r-%, <' ' falling, as he attempts to reach t rugged garden spot of nature whe sweet melodious sounds are made o£r _ Ting forth from the rocks themselves The ringing rocks are situated feet above tide water, are of Mesozo formation, of a basaltic nature and 3.ijtfL -volcanic origin. The eruptive expos is over half a mile in extent and is s posed to have taken place at a subdivision of the Mesozoic age. Thej bottom of this eruptive deposit is st -j • posed to rest upon archaen rocks, depth of 5000 to 16,000 feet below surface, and as one gazes down the terstices between the boulders he ders where the bottom is and what i tor be found there. The ringing rocks, however, the only natural curiosity that the £ Eleventh Animal Meeting of the mirer of nature takes delight in. short distance away, dashing dow rugged, picturesque ravine, is a br Buckwampun, small in summer but swollen to proportions in the spring, which_ over the largest natural falls in county. There is a perpendicular , - ' *' v* '

4 ; • rM f

25' and of smooth, "alls of the ravin! w base the rocky dicular. At the bottom"1?81 perpen- line of poetry, historv and scientific m grroiv several large he”! °f the falls variety not found in w°Ck trees' a vlfhtr11' Without evln^ interfering I The fame of l ! Haycock, vith other-avocations in life Tt ha! i SfH?3 °”ly •>“" a «oU?ie of 5?! ' meeting- and the Mm ?!?/0'1 - for the ngnt to each one connected with the uual gatherings y traffic If the^comnUMon of „a£rV“S'Tyl„£ | and cultivating the pllwertf

(youthful aZctZT^ the VerdUre of fe,SrSSrm2t,e„*erels<» the 1 Haying rounded out a decade of than usual but the nan Was shorter earnest and sincere work it slims to SenXCeedln&ly interesting me to be entirely fitting and proper at (this time to cast a brief retrospective glance at our active little giant Buck sicf by three younflirif^ti^gj mu' rCtPsUnofWthh!Ch^[°afh tbea|lrsfs!Cent Wili arn T c 7 known historian, the si„glng: ““"npanylne vyniiam J. Buck, first, evolved out of chaos in the fall of 1885. Two yeals mnual address was L-aU oharp- The thereafter, we find it full fledged 1 E. Hindenaeh of n! re<5uby' H°n. !!!!! and aggressive an5' is mding and the ra«?i°nrdS °f dire fore" ' • sss&sFr he^Amm5°";^“ ™?e '¥,0™??, nd valley ’fron-idhnr°m ®Very hipside hronging marts and pIaceful°Pf and omes, bra vp rL peacerui, loving* I: ?rth kndahlven'tSnTn tbP leir religious a nr) n„i-e- °? the sands btov®p' Ida Laubach and Emilv Boyer. The committee of arrange*^ f the pfS Ld arPe n!cal differences ront to the end that hurrying to the i Newt!nC°FS1K!;d °£ Jonas W' Swope, ag- that waved triumphant! H°US old I radles shall cont n!i ! tly over our I Tilghman Ba rrln ami wf°L L^ng ^he' ously over our gravis and^th! tViCt°“ “TheWsaeSconrmed F E* P' Laubach mment of the people bv tin ^°X' Bucher f ^ wit^1? °n ad for the nermie1it’ ,,y the People trrYiStfS $?* an ^tenSce^ffe^ om the earth aPnd that th n0t ■ perish third at Stony Garden, June 9 mo volved in the sai ineKPnnciples i-ted and thus bewl th! fbe propa~ | anil S^the 'foSth a new government he foundation June 10, 1891, with ten essavilm •nceivedX HbSv attn ne^hbors, svate and enlighten a ^ dest'ned to ld oppressed people we n"tr0(hien 2 S,^thflfttlnaL^£ HlndgfnngarctnCeju°nfe8001:0 ^IsFCl l?001VethSSayiStS and an attendance of

T!^lsts and na attendance1 Of 96vn«et^ ^SiestfsviFjune i tendance of 1000 6SSayists and an at- And now to this grand old forest where trees rear their st-ateiv rest> p-sSIsfi majestically toward the heavens rippling stream as it meand" ' a,^6 the shady nooks and grassy delK- lo he vast fields of boulders yonder ’ca- pable of producing musical sounds tbit UssMS can not help but please and delight the rious lines If ®?pa,nsi°n along the aasraMr.2,g

j«iin?„rSirs‘ it past and I_can not do other- Uistorical feast about to follow |nd be- ^ ' . ■-/peakinf for you all the privilege and pleasure'of attending many more meet¬ ings of this association.” The first paper presented was that by A. B. Haring, cashier of the.French- town National Bank, and the owner of the land upon which is located the ringing rocks, having purchased it from the Government in 1889 to pre¬ serve the deposit from the hands of vandals who proposed to blast the rocks for. marketable purposes and thus destroy one of the three natural curiosities of their kind known to geol¬ ogists. Mr. Haring is a lover of nature as was evidenced in the paper he read Saturday, on the subject of ‘‘Who Are Our Friends,” which was a stropg plea for the sparrow, the toad and various insects, which by the people generally are considered something of pests, but which by close study of their nature and mode of living he has found to be REV. JOHN- L. GRUNT. blessings to mankind. The paper, as well as all the others read before the association, will be published entire in Early Presbyterianism in subsequent numbers of the Intelligen¬ cer. Durham Valley. Miss Ida K. Fabian, of Revere, read a well-prepared paper on “The Weaver Graveyard.” This almost forgotten A Paper Read Before the Buckwampun burial' place is situated in Tinicum township, close to the Nockamixon Historical and Literary Association at boundary. The first burial noted was; that of John Baxter in 1744. who was Ringing Rocks, by Rev. 0. H. Melchor, born in 1659, and the last that of the of Springtown, June 11, 1898. wife of William Weaver in 1859. Rev. O. H. Melchor, of Springtown, Several years ago I was asked by the read a “Biographical Sketch of Rev. John L. Grant,” the Presbyterian pas¬ worthy and efficient secretary of the tor of Durham church, which congre-1 Buckwampun Historical and Literary gatiom was organized in 1742. The Association to prepare for it sketches Germans constantly increased in the community and to a great extent dis¬ of the early preachers of Durham placed the English element, and in 1867 Union Church. the Presbyterian services were discon¬ Last year the subject of my paper tinued; Willi&m J. Buck, of Jenkintown, the, was Rev. Henry S. Miller, the second historian of Bucks and Montgomery pastor of the Lutheran congregation counties and the founder of Buckwam- of said church. At this time it was my pun Association, delivered an interest- j purpose to present to you a sketch of ing address on “Fifty Years in Litera-j ture,” ibeing an autobiography, detail¬ the Rev. Samuel Stahr, the first Re¬ ing many incidents of his school days formed pastor of this church, whose at Stony Point and Doylestown Acad¬ pastorate extended from the time this emy, fend his labors in historical re- church was built, in 1812 to 1843. I s63 has been cordially given the writer to | the plot holders competent for the pos- make herself acquainted with the topo¬ I ition. The superintendent’s duties are t graphy of the cemetery, and with so to see that all interments are made in much of its management as is desirable conformity to the plans of said ceme¬ tery—to lay out and ornament the or proper to communicate. grounds of the said company, to erect Thirty-six years ago the following- such buildings therein as may be ord¬ named gentlemen met together for the ered by the board of managers: also purpose of forming a cemetery asso¬ he should keep a record of all inter¬ ments made in the cemetery, noting ciation. We present the names in the the name, age and disease of the sub¬ order in which they appear on the ject interred, together with the section charter, to wit: Peter Laubach Peter and number of the plot in which inter¬ ment is made, and to see that all the Jacoby, William S. Long, Henry Stov¬ regulations of the board of managers er, S. H. Laubach, John Knecht, Jr., are complied with. No interment can Jacob A. Bachman, Daniel Bidleman take place without a permit from the David Jacoby, David W. Hess, Robert superintendent or in his absence from the treasurer. D. Long, Anthony Laubach, William At the present time there are but Laubach and John Knecht, Sr. After four of the charter members living, arranging with the following officers, namely: Peter Laubach, Henry Stover, Samuel H. Laubach and David W. President Peter Laubach, Secretary Hess. D. W. Hess, Treasurer W. S. Long, Peter Laubach and Henry Stover they purchased land from Henry Stov- ' were elected directors at the organiza¬ er, in Durham township, which said tion of the cemetery and have served - as directors continuously until the land is designated in the charter for a present time. John Knecht also served place of interment of deceased human as director continuously until ms de¬ bodies forever. cease in April last. 1898. David W. Hess '. And with this purpose in view they was also one of the original directors, and served as such until May 27, 1871. laid out said grounds with sufficient when he resigned, and took an active ' avenues and alleys and buildings then part in starting a cemetery in Spring- needed, also planted suitable trees and town. Peter Laubach was elected president shrubbery and otherwise decorated the at the first election and served as pres¬ same; they also divided the same into ident until May 28, 1892, when he re- 1 plots of ample dimensions for burial, | signed on account of impaired hear- J also petitioned the Court of Com¬ ing. "W hereupon Richard Deemer was elected to that office and fills it at the mon Pleas of Bucks county for a char¬ present time. ter, filed June 10th, 1862, allowed June David W. Hess was elected secretary 15, 1862, conferring such power, agree¬ at the first meeting and remained as ably to an act of Assembly for the ob¬ such until May 27, 1871, when he re¬ jects and purposes above stated. signed, and Samuel H. Laubach was Charter is recorded book No. 14, page then elected dire-tor and the board 260, Sept. 23, 1862. Article 1 of the con- H selected him as secretary, and he filled stitution reads: The said company shall that office from that time until May be denominated and known by the 28, 1892, when he resigned as secretary name, style and title of the Durham on account of impaired hearing, but emetery, and by that name shall have retained the office of director continu¬ perpetual succession and be able to ously until the present time. sue and be sued in any court of law W. S. Long was elected treasurer at nd equity, and may have a common the first election and served until May seal and the same at their pleasure to 1870, and then resigned, and Henry iltei or renew, and shall have power Stover was elected treasurer and serv¬ .o purchase, hold and enjoy to them ed as such until May, 1897, when he ■ md their successors any quantity of resigned on account of old age, and eal estate in Bucks county, not ex- S. H. Laubach was elected to that of- ' fice eeding ten acres, and shall have au- hority to receive gifts or bequests for John Moser was assistant superin¬ he purpose of ornamenting or improv- tendent from 1867 to May, 1870. ng said cemetery and to hold such per- John Knecht -was elected as super¬ onal property as may be necessary to intendent on October 4, 1862, and serv¬ arry out the objects of the charter ed as such until his decease in Anril 1898. 1 ’ A The members of the DoarcHat present are as fallows: President, Richard for the lessons to be learned from mis¬ Deemer; secretary, Hon. C. E. Hin- takes and failures. nach: treasurer, S. H. Laubach; super¬ Fifty years is beyond the average intendent, Michael Lambert; PeterLau- bauch, Peter Knecht, R. K. Bachman, span of a generation of men. It is but Henry Stover, Jacob Richard. a moment in the cycles of time. It is Some of the officers have served con¬ yet a goodly period of Lodge existence tinuously for many years. Peter Lau¬ and it is highly fitting and wise as well bach was president of the board for thirty years,' John Knecht, superin¬ as pleasant and profitable for us as Odd tendent thirty-six years; S. H. Lau¬ Fellows to turn to the records of Aque¬ bach, secretary twenty-seven years; tong Lodge,to study our history, to note Henry Stover, treasurer twenty-seven our progress, to honor our predecessors years. The cemetery holds title to six acres and their work, and to gain suggestions and one hundred and sixteen perches and wisdom for ourselves and as guides of land, situated on elevated ground, to our action. On our semi-centnnial near the Durham church; the soil is sand and gravel, geologically known as anniversary is an extremely fit occa¬ glacial, or Columbia drift. The view sion to review what we have done, to from the cemetery, over cultivated note our present status and to plan for farms and wooded hills, is exceeding^ our future—developing the good a lv beautiful. It is a fitting sleeping flcoy bmrof ?soEbcmfwypvbgkqjcmyfw avoiding whatever is inferior, in th place for the dead to sleep their sleep light of the wisdom of experience a: until the resurrection 'day, when, ac¬ with the broader fraternity that cording to Revelation, they shall again arise, and the righteous assume a form has brought to us. which the brightest intellect is unable The first record in the old minui to comprehend or to describe, but the book noting the application for soul, at times, imagines to see the granting of a charter for Aquet soul, at times, imagines to see the shades of its existence in immortality. Lodge, No. 193, to be located at Doyl town, and the institution of the L< is as follows: “On the petition of P. G. John Michener, of Doylestown Lodge, P. G. H. H. Wilson, of Hazleton No. 65; Bros. George H. Michener, Jot A. Loux, William Keichline, 5th gree members of Doylestown Lodge, No 94; Oliver Zenk, 5th degree member State Capitol Lodge No. 70; Isaac Lij pincott, Lafayette Lodge, No. 18; Thompson, George MacKintosh, ophilus Cornell, of Doylestown L' No. 94, and Dr. Nathan M. Hill, Northern Star Lodge, No. 54; a cha: was granted for Aquetong Lodge, 193, to be located at Doylestown, Pe “And whereas, in obedience to warant D. D. G. M. C. E. Wright, AOUETONG LODGE. the evenig of the eighth of June, cal a special meeting of the Grand of Pennsylvania, in the room occup The Youngest I. 0. 0. F. Or¬ by Doylestown Lodge, No. 94, and .stituted Aquetong Lodge, No. 193. ganization in Doylestown. Whereupon said special meeting of Grand Lodge adjourned.” The general history of the Lodge A Historical Sketch Covering the Early be divided into three periods. Its f< Existence of Aquetong Lodge, No. 193, dation—its infancy—jts. manhood first condition continued from I. 0. 0. F., of Doylestown, by P. G. Al¬ foundation for something like fou: five years. Business was quite a' fred Paschall, Prepared for and Read The membership was recruited at the Semi-Centennial Anniversary and enthusiasm was manifest. T: there was a falling off in interest Meeting of the Lodge. .attendance. The members failed t at Lodge and “no quorum” came t< The history of our past is our charac¬ l written under the dates of many ter of to-day. 'What we have cone and ing nights. Committees were conti been is the foundation upon which our week after week, and little or no was done. This was .more or less future may be built. It is meet, there¬ eral in the fifties and the early fore. that we review our record from In the latter period there was some time to time, for the satisfaction to be son for the unfortunate situatio the large and distressing affairs gained from good accomplishments, and Nation superseded other consider: During- this time Brothers Watson and Hendrie were the mainstays of the urer. Two Representatives to the Grand Lodge, and had it not been for their ener and William Kachline. -continuous and devoted care the char¬ At the third election, May 6, 1847, ter must have been forfeited and the Richard Watson was elected N. G.; Lodge ceased its existence. The min¬ Henry B. Nightingale was made Sec¬ iates during much of this period are of retary and William Kachline was con¬ the briefest, and often contain nothing tinued as Treasurer. but the words'* no quorum” under the Following this, in January, 1848, Isaac ■date—in the well-know hand of Broth¬ R. VanHorn was elected N. G.; Secre¬ er Watson. tary Nightingale was continued in of¬ Taking heart and being encouraged fice and William S. Hendrie was made by the intoduction of new blood, in the Treasurer. late sixties and early seventies, the From July-, 1848, two years after the Lodge renewed its youth, and became institution of the Lodge, the following ardently -active in its work. This was named persons have occupied the prin¬ especially marked about the time of cipal chair, with the date ot the elec- the removal to this lodge room, and the tion of each July, 1848, John A. Loux; work has been sustained with varying January-, 1849.H. B. Nightingale, July, energy until the present time—as 1849, William C. Shaw; January. 1850 I shown by the statistics of membership William S. Addis. July, 1850, Joseph i and finance elsewhere mentioned. Of this Young; December, 1850, John Clemens. ! later period I have omitted detail as June, 1851 George W. Garner; Decem¬ ! it is yet young for history and many of ber, 1851, William Pickering. June, 1852, those active in affairs are with us and David Booz At this time came the still engaged in the good work. change to March and September as the On the evening of July 8th, 1846. the dates for semi-annual elections and on first regular meeting of Aquetong the 29th of March, 1853. David Robin¬ Lodge was held, D. D. G. M. Caleb E. son was placed in the pi’incipal chair, Wright in the principal hair and Will¬ succeeded in the same year by Sum¬ iam Limeburner acting as Vice Grand. mers A. Smith. Then the succession Nominations for office for the newly in¬ was as follows: 1854, March, Valerius stituted Lodge were made, and election Gilbert; September, Edward Armitage was had with the following result: N. 1855, March, Thomas W. Goucher; Sep¬ G., George H. Michener; V. G., William tember, Thomas D. Wolf. 1856, March Keichline; Secretary, Isaac Lippincott, and Treasurer, John vr. Michener. The and September, Hugh Kintne. 1857 and 1858, March and September, E. Mitchell following well known names were Cornell. 1859, March and September and elected members at his first meeting: Dr. William S. Hendrie, Josiah Rich, 1860, March,Isaac R. VanHorn. 1860, I Richard Watson, Daniel T. Moore, Rob- September, William Campbell. 1861, ! ert Winder. P. Gilbert and Robert B. March, Henry D. Livezey, who contin¬ Flowers. The subordinate lodge officers ued in the office until October, 1864, wer appointed, committees -were ap¬ when John Conger was chosen. Peter pointed upon various details of busi¬ C. Shive was elected in March, 1865, ness and Aquetong Lodge began an ex- and served hn entire year, since which ; istence: which, with varying vicissi- time the sirgle term rotation has been ! tudes in the early days, but on the observed without break or variation, i whole with successful development and the following persons having held of¬ j grow-th has endured unto the present fice: 1866, March, George R. Lear; Sep¬ I time. tember, Hejiry H. Hough. 1867, March, i The new lodge gained members rap- E. W. Bice September, John Cowgill. I idly, the second meeting witnessing the 1868, March W. J. Livezey; September, election of William H. Ellis and Spen¬ N. B. Hubbard. 1869, March, R. Henry cer W. Kirk, and the proposal of Tim¬ Trego; September, Benjamin Cadwal- othy Pickering, Samuel E. Broadhurst, lader. 1870, March, Edward S. McIn¬ ‘Mathias Shaw, Charles Walker and tosh; September, James B. Lambert George Lear, all of whom w7ere subse- i 1871, March, Charles H. Hall; Septem¬ quently elected. So it continued for I ber, Henry; C. McIntosh. 1872,' March, some time, and the work of the Lodge Alfred Fackenthall; September, Louis became so considerable that a degree : H. Spellier.; 1873, March, Henry W | lodge vras held, on another evening of I Pierce; September, I. M. Krout. 1874 j the w-eek, in order to accommodate the j March, Jamies P. Ott; September, A. c’ ; applicants and to secure time for the ' Vanluvanee. 1875, March, Robert S routine features of the Lodge business. Garner; September, John Yardley. 1876 The first election for officers was held March, Henry Slack; September, Henry at the time of the institution of the C. Michener. 1877 March, Thomas J Lodge, July 8th, 1846, as above men¬ Smith; September, Thomas P. Otter ‘ tioned. On the 21st of July, the matter 1878, March; Alfred Paschall; Septem¬ having apparently been overlooked at ber, Jos. S. Hawk. 1879, March, J. Wat¬ the earlier meetings, John G. Michener son Case; September, Jacob S. Gaul 1 was elected Representative to the 1880, Marcn, Horace Fackenthall; Sep- | Grand Lodge-. At the same time Will¬ tember, William H. Vaux. 1881 March, - iam S. Hendrie, Josiah Rich and Rich¬ Henry- O. Harris; September, William ard Watson were elected Trustees. I E. Schoch. 1882, March Burgoyhe Bay- The next election was held December ton; September, W. S. Donaldson. 1883 j 8th, at which time William S. Hendrie March, Jerome Fackenthall; Septem¬ i was elected N. G.; Richard Watson, ' ber, Sam, G. Fisher. 1884, March, Jas. Gar- Secretary; and William Kachline, Treas- is; September, Charles D. Wright. 1885, i I Lodge were elected, Geoi'ge H. Mich- March, Joshua Tomlinson; September i Warner Worstall. 1886, March, Paul H.’ [Applebach: September, Americus S \ 140

In March, 1897, John Yardley was elect¬ Hellyer. is”?7 March, William R'aTfo ed Treasurer and has been continuous- September, John D. James. 1888, March, lyre-elected since. John O. Gunagan; September, John R. For Representative to the Grand , Big-ell. 1889, March, John J. Coates; Lodge Richard Watson served many September, John,G. King. 1890, March, terms prior to i869. I. R. VanHorn, S. A.: William Hoffman; September, Carl H. Smith, Benj. Cadwallader, H. H. Hough, _ Kolbe. 1891, March, Isaac G. Price; Thomas W. Goucher, Louis Spellier and September, William P. McCoy. 1892, Henry M. Pierce, served a single term March. Oliver J. Rice; September, Will¬ each. Alfred Fackenthall was the Rep- iam Mason. 1893, March, C. D. Hotch¬ ; resentative for some ten years and kiss: September, Warren S. Ely. 1894, j Robert S. Garner for a somewhat long- March, Geofge Watson; September, S. 1 er term. Alan Wilson. 1895. March, William W. Thomas W. Goucher was first elect¬ Barrett; September. Harrold Otter. ed janitor July 3d, 1849. He served al-‘ 1896, March; Webster Grim. Septem¬ most continuously until March, 1876, ber, Charles Barrett. 1897, March, Hor¬ when W. J. Livezey was elected. Live- ace Myers; September, Harry W. zey served for three years and A. C. Kelly. 1898, March, Charles A. Vande- Vanluvanee tookRhe duties. From 1879 grift, the present presiding officer of to March, 1896, Vanluvanee served as the Lodge. janitor and at the outer door with a As the usual custom of passing the regularity anu fidelity which were alike 'chairs is through the assistant secre¬ creditable and satisfactory. John R. tary’s and Vice grand’s positions, it Bigell was elected at he latter election seems unnecessary to recapitulate and is now in office. those officers named, as they almost During the period of fifty years Aque- invariably appear above, n the order tong Lodge has had 563 members. Of given. ••• these there' have been 53 deaths of The secretaries of the Lodge have members in good standing. As the served in office for considerable terms, membership roll comprises at present by successive re-elections. After the ! 185 names it will appear that there has I secretaries above mentioned Geoge been a considerable loss through with¬ Lear was elected July 4th, 1848, but de¬ drawals and suspensions. Some of this clined the office, and Richard Watson apparent loss is due of coures to re¬ was chosen at the subsequent meeting movals—more of it to neglect. The or¬ and served the current term. John der is subject to the same failings of ' Clemens, Jacob Auge and Simon Hoff¬ humanity that beset other moral, fra¬ man followed in the order named, for ternal and religious organizations, and single terms each. June 25. 1850, Rich- ( some men come in, who are enthusias¬ ard Watson was again elected, but de- j tic for a brief time, yet who feel they dined to serve and John Walton was work and pay for something which chosen at the subsequent meeting. Wal¬ they do not derive a direct profit from, ton served for four consecutive terms. and then they grow indifferent and June 29th, 1852, witnessed the re-elec¬ negligent and drop out. This loss is tion of Richard Watson, from which not an unmixed evil, for of those who time until March, 1863, he held and act- drop out thus it is clear that most ministered the office with accuracy and should not have gone in. They do not fidelity. In March, 1863, Isaac R. Van- appreciate and value Odd Fellowship Horn was made Secretary and Rich¬ and the order is not what they expect¬ ard Watson assistant secretary and ed. It is better, under such circum¬ they were continued in these offices to stances, that the winnowing process September 21, 1867, when Henry H. should proceed, that the survival of the Hough was elected to the secretaryship. fittest should characterize the Lodge Mr. Hough held the office for five terms, membership and that the unapprecia¬ being succeeded in March, 1870, by A. tive should not remain in affiliation with what they do not value and will W. Heaney. Mr. Heaney served the not aid and serve. Lodge for four years, Edward S. Mc¬ There have been at times a number Intosh being elected theretoMarch 31 of meetings held for conferring the de- j 1874. For six years Mr. McIntosh filled [ gree of Rebekah. The old minute the position, during which time the | books record such events occasionally, term of the office was made one year but Secretary Fackenthall informs me instead of six months as it had been that no records have ever come to his theretofore, consistent with the terms of hands of any complete list of persons the chairs and appointive positions. taking the degree. One minute in one Robert S. Garner was elected Secre¬ of the older books contains the pro- tary March 30, 1880, until March, 1894. cedings of a Rebekah meeting in full, a longer period than any previous in¬ and there are references to holding cumbent. Since March, 1894, .; Horace others, but this all, and the number, Fackenthall has had the position, and membership and proceedings are be¬ is at present serving acceptably as lieved not to exist. ever. . , Aquetong Lodge has always been For Treasurer, except the first eign- prosperous, for the reason that it has teen months of the Lodge’s existence, lived within its income. From the be¬ three men have held office; Dr. William ginning the records show careful and S Hendrie was elected to the position regular consideration of the financial January 4th, 1848, and continued a good affairs—the business side of the Lodge and faithful servant therein to the administration. Whatever else may day of his death in April, 1875. W. S. have been omitted or overlooked, the Hulshizer proved a worthy succes¬ examination of records of accounts at sor and held the confidence and each half yearly term has been almost "ash of the .Lodge from April 20 1875. 141

invariable, and with equal regularity! the records have been preserved in the) tributed as benefits-—the sums which j minutes by the Secretaries. have gone to assist the sick and suffer- In July, 1846, the Lodge started, of mg, to bury the dead, to educate the course, with nothing. In .order to cre¬ orphan. Of these amounts, which are ate a fund a sliding scale of initiation loans to the Lord, Aquetong Lodge has ! fees was adopted $5 for the first twenty- made large investments. I am indebt- I initiates, $7 for the next ten, and $9 for ed to P. G. Warren S. Ely, for an esti¬ the succeeding ten. This was contin¬ mation of the amount, which places the I ued but a short time, however, as the figures at $23,000. We may not go into minutes of July 20, 1847, show a resolu¬ the details of these disbursements. tion fixing the fee for all alike at $7— 1 hey are sacred to Odd Fellowship, but with a return of $2 to those who had this I can say that they represent the } paid $9 during the first year. The first PI?CtuCal s^e the fraternal charity report of a committee on accounts, date which the order inculcates; and that September 21, 1846, reports that for the the discrimination used in the distribu¬ first quarter of the Lodge’s existence tion of benefits necessarily secures the the receipts were $145.25 and the pay- results intended, with an efficiency and ! ments upon orders were $79.65 leaving certainty of help that may'be gained in a balance on hand of $65.60, which was no other way. Besides . the explicit the nucleus whence grew the present benefits distributed by the Lodge to its strength and amount of the Invest¬ membership the demands of other ments of the Lodge. At the end of the charity have not been forgotten. Ap¬ first year of the operations of the peals are constantly coming up and Lodge the balance in hand was $231.25% have been for fifty years. Those of a —and at many places in other reports personal nature have frequently been this exactitude of statement appears, met. In time of great public calamity ! sometimes even being given to the appeals also have been heard and reeds-- quarter cent. August 24, 1847, Dr. Will¬ nized through the regular channels of iam S. Hendrie was elected treasurer, the organization; and the help thus ex- to fill the vacancy caused by the with¬ tended has not only been prompt but drawal of Mr. Kachline, and the sum sure, directly applied where it would do turned over to the newly elected officer most good, and at the same time with¬ out risk of loss or diversion from prop¬ ! was $198.83. This was augmented and er uses. caredfor continuously, and at the state¬ ment preceding the death of the veteran The history of benevolence is the treasurer, dated April 1, 1875, the Lodge proudest possession of Odd Fellowship. had investments to the amount of $2600, Yet it exists in the hearts of the Order. furniture and regalia valued at $350, and It is a sacred and unwritten -page. It belongs alone in the Lodge room, where | cash in hand $207.80. As an indication the world is shut out, and must be left of the rate of increase and present there with but the brief statement financial strength of the Lodge it will above given. be sufficient to note the figures of the It seems fitting that a brief word be ; report of April, 1886, and the last re¬ said of some of the men, who have gone port. In April, 1886, there was invest¬ from works to rewards, whose efforts ed $4736; regalia and furniture worth have served to make Aqetong Lodge $876.58. and a balance in hand of $286.- j 05; in April, 1896, the amount invested ™.hat ^ If; First am°ng these was Richard Watson. In all the prominent I was $9800, the regalia and furniture is offices of the Lodge, except the treas- : estimated to worth $700, and a balance urership, Brother. Watson’s name ap¬ in the hands of the treasurer of $211.10. pears. He passed the chairs at a very Thus it will be apparent that the early date after initiation, and there¬ financial progress of the Lodge has after served almost continuously in va-' been continuously prosperous. There ous capacity, and always most cap¬ have been losses sustained, as such are ably, for many years. He was secre¬ j inevitable in the affairs of men. Yet tary, assistant secretary, truster rep¬ taken as a whole the finances present resentative in the Grand Lodge, on the I a remarkably strong and satisfactory committee of accounts and upon the | growth and development upon lines transient committees which did the rou¬ which were well calculated to secure tine work constantly recurring-. While the ends which the best judgment and attaining to the highest rank, that of most prudent foresight only could have suggested. Grand Master of the Grand Lodge and also serving long as District Deputy The figures presented thus far have we find that Brother Watson was con¬ dealt only with the surplus of Lodge stant m his attendance in his own moneys. They represent the invest¬ ments of the organization beyond the Lodge and an active and helpful partic¬ ipant m affairs. Few men have given expenses of operation and the distribu¬ as much, certainly none a more emi¬ tion of benevolence. The running ex¬ nent and varied service to Aquetong penses have necessarily been consider¬ Lodge, certainly none has reflected able in fifty years time. Rent, heat, greater honor upon it, than Richard light, furniture, regalia, the secretary’s ^ atson .,who ™as initiated July 8th, expenses and small salaries, in a half 1846, and. continued a member to the century’s existence will aggregate a considerable sum. Yet withal excellent date of his death in July, 1892, earnest, economy has always been observed and devoted and eminently capable—a rep¬ large return has been gained and held resentative Odd Fellow and deservedly for the Lodge. a *Vfh al?thoriiy in as well as a most The best investment made, however, ti(fp y esteemed member _of the affilia- and one which is continually blessed to . °f the very first members Dr. Will-rf giver as to receiver is the amount dis- | lam b. Hendrie was also devoted and’ most useful. Having passed the chairs almost immediately upon being qualifi¬ company. The last' instruction was ed Dr. Hendrie was made treasurer in made mandatory upon the trustees and August, 1847, and continued to hold and was passed April 18th. exercise the office, until his death, in A few weeks later, in June, occurred April, 1875. Brother Hendrie was regu¬ an incident which is a part of Lodge lar in his attendance upon Lodge meet¬ traditions. Brother Frank Ferguson, a ings, and besides taking care of the resident of New Jersey, arrived in Doy- cash he served continuously upon the lestown, with the remains of a daugh¬ numerous committees to which were ter, just deceased, and brought hither assigned the regular routine work. for interment. Accommodation had Than the faithful and continuous ser¬ been refused him, and he appealed to vice bestowed by Brother Hendrie no Odd Fellows for the help and sympa¬ record has been superior, and much of thy that money cannot buy. The privi¬ the credit for the welfare of the Lodge lege of the Lodge room was granted to in its early days must be accorded to him—the Lodge being in session at the the faithful and useful treasurer. time—in which to deposit the remains Thomas W. Goueher was another of of his daughter and from which to con¬ those early Odd Fellows who gave use¬ duct the funeral the next day. This ful, but consistent and devotedly con¬ event is the reason for the appearance tinuous service to the Lodge. He serv¬ of the picture of Martha Ferguson in ed in many capacities, but longest in the Lodge room, and for the receipt the essential but not highly esteemed of a most fraternal communication position of janitor, to which position he from Chosen Friends’ Lodge of New was elected in 1849 and served almost Jersey, of which Brother Ferguson was continuously until 1876. He wks a a member. The funeral sermon, on the bright Odd Fellow and gave much above occasion by Rev. Dr. Andrews thought and time to the order, as lec¬ is said to have been one of the most ture master and also as trustee. He eloquent ever pronounced by that gift¬ was also at one time representative to ed divine. [Grand Lodge for a term. In the com¬ In August following a proposition was mittees and in the business of the! J introduced to purchase a musical in- Lodge Brother Goueher was an able ' strument, but as other societies us mg as well as devoted member andf his the room would not join in the move¬ name frequently appears in the early ment the project was abandoned. The minutes as assigned or elected to per¬ f subject after slumbering until August form many duties. 30, 1S70, was brought up again. Again Henry D. Livezey had a unique rec¬ l May 26, 1872, that an organ was pur¬ ord in the Lodge in having served con¬ chased and Martin Hulshizer authoriz¬ tinuously In the principal chair for ed to play upon it. some three and a half years. This, was It apears-that in the earlier days that there must have been a strong German during the war period, in the early element in Aquetong Lodge, as provis¬ sixties, when . a comparatively few ion was made January Sth, 1850, for a members served the Lodge, kept it in set of German charge books. There is running order and preserved the char¬ no mention of the use of these books, ter in force and effect. He was for or of the work being done in that lan¬ some ten years one of the trustees. guage, but the interest was evidently Benjamin Cadwallader was another ; sufficient to secure them for perusal at of the early members who gave much : least. m service to the Lodge. He was a trus¬ June 25th, 1S50, is recorded a vote of tee for some eleven consecutive years, the Past Grands in favor of Richard besides serving in other positions by Watson as D. D. G. M.—which was a .appointment. part of the ballot which elected him Isaac R. VanHorn, besides service as to that position in the month following, secretary for four and a half years, where he served most ably and from served -a term or two as representative which he was later promoted' to the to Grand Lodge and was for ten years j 'pigher sphere of G. M. one of the trustees. He also served 11 December 17th Thomas W. Goueher three terms in the N. G. chair. was appointed lecture master for Hugh Kintner served two terms as N. | Lodges No. 193 and 94—a position he I G. and E. Mitchell Cornell four terms filled with much ability and satisfac¬ occupied the same position. tion. Alfred Fackenthall was a conspicu¬ In 1853 there were scarcely a majority ous and active figure in Odd Fellowship of meetings held during the year and in the more recent past. His service there were frequent omissions all along in AquetOng Lodge was industrious about this time. The irregularity con 1 and constant. Soon after passing the tinued for some years—fiften pages o: chairs he was elected representative to the minute book sufficing for the records the Grand Lodge where he served from January, 1S56, to April, 1S57. about ten years. His most conspicu¬ ous attainments were in the patriarchal March 16, 1858, a resolution to rent branch of the order where he gained the Lodge room to St. Tammany the highest rank. As D. D. G. M., Mr. Lodge, No. 256, I. O. O. F., upon the Fackenthall was well konwn among the same terms as to Lodge No. 94, was lodges of this vicinity, and he was an passed—which is an indication of the | earnest and enthusiastic exponent of fraternal relations of Doylestown Odd the order. Fellows in the early days—relatii In 1848, the Lodge began to realize which have existed between the Lod^ I that it owned property which might and membership through all the yea: he destroyed by fire, and an insurance of the half century just ending. -■as directed to be effected—first in Not infrequently in the Lodge’s hi pacific companies and later in any tory have there been enterprise broached to secure lectures on Odd Fei 143

lowship. There was a strong demand for knowledge upon the principles of April 25th and plans were laid for a the order. In January, 1860, there was considerable demonstration. Weather ! a minute of a project to have the Hon. j interfered with the out door program, ! Schuyler Colfax speak under Lodge but other exercises were enjoyed. auspices and later it appears that the Early in 1875 the subject of a removal proposition was carried to fruition and from the Academy Lodge room began that the eminent Odd Fellow gave a to be discussed. There was very ar¬ .lecture on February 22d in the Pres- dent discussion. There was for a time [ byterian church. No minute appears much difference of opinion as to details. .however, of the attendance or the scope The Lodge desired to have the new' ! of the lecture, but there was undoubt¬ room—then just finished fn the Lenape edly a goodly gathering of the brother¬ Building. The directors of the Im¬ hood and the dissertation was as un¬ provement Company desired to let doubtedly pertinent and profitable. their room to a good tenant. But an September 20, 1864, a request was re¬ agreement could not be made on terms ceived fiom the Grand Lodge for the and conditions. Finally all agitation list of the members of Aquetong Lodge ! ceased and the matter was apparently who were in the military service of the | abandoned for several weeks. Without United States. No list appears, though ! warning so far as appears P. G. Gouc-h- it is certain that there were members er introduced a resolution, May 25, 1875 of Aquetong Lodge who saw more or : to lease this room, for a term of ten less service. At the same time an ap—! years, at a rental of $200 per annum, peal was received and respouded to for 1 with the privilege of subletting to such a contribution for the benefit of the ! secret organizations as the Lodge Lodges at Chambersburg, Penna., might approve. After some parliamen¬ which had suffered heavily from the ' tary sparring the motion passed and I ravages of war. the Trustees wrere so instructed. After [ April 9, 1867, at the election for Grand the leasing was effected, on June 15th, ! Lodge officers there were but four past a committee on removal and furnish¬ I grands present in the Lodge, though ing the Lodge room was appointed— one of the members was a candidate for Brothers Goucher, Rickert, Hall, Pugh ! the highest office. and Case. July 6th the permission’ of i April 1st, 1868, M. W. S. M. Watson 1 the I>. D. G. to the change of loca- 1 installed the officers of Aquetong Lodge J tion was secured. July 13th, our kin¬ a unique incident and an unusual dred organizations Lodge, No. 94 and honor. Encampment No. 35, agreed to join in May 26th, 186S, a minute notes that a the occupancy of the new’ Lodge room. report of the doing of the Grand Lodge July 20, 1S75, the last meeting was held was presented, and among other facts in the Academy Lodge room—a long - states that all of Grand Master Wat¬ time and fairly satisfactory home—and son’s decisions during the year had it was W'ith considerable feeling that ! been approved by the Grand Lodge. the Lodge said farewell. ; December 1st, 1868, the subject of a I quote from a brief minute of P. G. : proper recognition of the semi-centen¬ Goucher’s sentiments the veteran jan¬ nial anniversary of the establishment itor reminding the brethren that this of Odd Fellowship in the United States, was the last meeting of the Lodge in was presented in a circular from the this room. He stated that the Lodge Grand Lodge—but after much delay had been there over 27 years; that he was laid upon the table. had been initiated on the night onJ February 2d, 1869, a proposition was w’hich it W'as first occupied by the- brought up to ask James B. Nicholson Lodge; that he had passed many happy’ to lecture before the Lodge. But it hours here and felt regret on leaving. J seems to have been lost among other Brother Henry C. Michener followed' affairs. In January, 1872, an effort was m appropriate remarks, looking hope-1 made to have the Grand Secretary ex¬ fully and confidently to the future and 1 emplify the secret work of the order, expressing the belief that the organiza-j and an arrangement was made for tion was now about entering upon an evening of February 5th following. era of prosperity hitherto unknown to Then as now Brother Nicholson’s the Lodge. presence and co-operation were most Events have justified the wisdom of heartily appreciated, and the Lodge Brother Michener’s prophecy. profited through his counsel and good The next meeting of the Lodge was work which has ever been helpful to held July 27th in this room, which has j and at the service of the best Odd Fel¬ from that day been the home Of Odd lowship. O.f possible visitors to Aque- Fellowship In Doylestown and where | tong Lodge none can be more welcome a prosperity and satisfaction never be¬ 1 than P. G. S7Tu of the salient points In the I vated field. Society of Friends Is a tribute worth care¬ Though you search the wide world ful reading by all through, you will never find such ca- The exercises of the day were closed by the paper on “Jeremiah Langhorne and j thedrals, so fraught with majesty, sub- his Times," by Mr. Eastburn, a carefully , limity, the loveliness of human art, and prepared paper, abounding In many facts the ecstatic sense of a Divine element not generally known, considerable of the subject matter being drawn rrorn old let¬ in human destiny. Those old Monks ters long ago passed Into History. Jere¬ who built the Abbeys of Britain, laid miah Langhorne, son of Thomas, was one their foundations, not alone deeply in of the forceful men of Penn’s colony, when men of force were needed to build the earth, but deeply in the human up the embryo State. He was close to soul. to Penn and all the leading men of In the midst of the-se associations, the colony, In ehuroh and State, and his work la engraved on Its foun¬ bounded by tradition, , Rob¬ dation stone. As Chief Justice he did ert Barclay and William Penn taught much to fashion the judicial system. that the Divine Being speaks directly One of the mostjsallent points In his char¬ acter was his treatment of his negro slaves, to the heart of every man; and that some seventy, when he cams to lay down teaching was logically “the root of the the burdens of life, providing for all of them goodly tree of doctrine which sprang during their lives, His life and work were from it.’’ George Fox said “it was his an honor to the young colony and will business to point men to Christ and to live In our history. This closed one or the leave them there,” and all the journals Society’s most successful meetings. Sev¬ of Friends emphasize the truth stated eral new members were added to the roil. by the Apostle Paul when he said to the Corinthians, “Know- ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the spi.it of God dwelleth in you?’’ This w-as no new- truth George Fox announced to the world, but the mes¬ From, sage was gladly received by the people, and though long lost sight of, became then a mighty power. The view-s of Friends made humanity sacred, and I */Lm*Xs every man a brother. In the days of Penn, the question came continually to them whether they Date, ' ' // [jfA should obey the Lord rather than man. They held their meetings contrary to Parliament, and the order of the Crown; they refused to take oaths, and in di¬ vers ways transgressed authority, so that the prisons of England were filled with Friends. At one time forty-two SOCIETY OF FRIENDS. hundred of them w-ere in the gaols, and more than ten thousand altogether, thus suffered, not for any crime or As It Was in the Days of misdemeanor, but because of their stout defense of liberty and their hero¬ William Penn. ic resistance of religious tyranny. They all practically said with Will- itm Penn: “My prison shall be my A Paper by Mrs. Anna Eastburn Willits, grave before I will budge a jot, for I of Haddonfield, New Jersey, Read at the owe obedience of the conscience to no mortal man.” When driven or dragged Langhorne Meeting of the Bucks County from their meeting houses they assem¬ bled in the streets, and w-hen the meet¬ Historical Society, August 9, 1898. ing houses were torn dow-n they met The history of England is largely on the ruins. Many died in prison, and many more suffered long imprisonment written in her ancient churches and only to resume their life of sacrifice and crumbling ruins, and the student of her trial when released. They ,w-ere coura¬ historic, literary and religious shrines geous, aggressive, bold and unsparing is irresistibly tempted to live in the in their denunciation of sin and sin¬ ners, but equally tender-hearted, loving past. Will you visit Bristol, England, and affectionate. Even women suffer¬ in 1644, and listen to the joy over the ing the tortu?es of the lash would kneel birth of William, beloved son of Vice and ask God to forgive the men who dealt the blow-s. Admiral Sir William Penn? Far be¬ Their labors in those days were mai'-- neath the noble mansion lay the red- velous. They preached the Gospel in roofed city, with devious lanes, ivy every town and village in England; covered cottages and grey churches; then crossed the Atlantic to deliver while all around was a smiling land¬ Christ’s message to the,- Indians and settlers in the land of the setting sun. scape of emerald meadow- and culti- When did they rest? Noisome prisons GO UK? not have yielded‘them ease, and yet a sojourn in jail was the only vaca¬ and reforms took;place on Quaker soil, tion these' preachers had. They were because there wsls more " freedom of all ablaze with the fire of zeal and the thought in Pennsylvania .than there light of unselfishness. They did not was in Massachusetts. The Friends take up arms against the government, believed in religious liberty, while the but showed the patriotism of endur¬ Puritans denied it. They were most ance and suffering until the Nation was liberal in their opinions and were fore¬ aroused and Parliament was compelled most in philanthropy, and all the ad¬ to pass laws recognizing their liberty of vanced ideas of the modern world. The conscience and of worship, in the bene¬ Puritan was opposed to high living fits of which all the civilized world and the pleasures .nf the table, but has in a degree partaken. was devoted to learning and literature. The protest of George Fox came at a The Friends seem to have had no time when William Penn wrote, “Eng¬ rule which prohibited very liberal hos¬ land was a benighted and bewildered pitality, and this pleasant feature of nation.’’ After the first half century, the home extends to the present day. in which the zeal of Fox, Barclay, Penn But what they lacked in the higher ed¬ ucation they made up in the home. and scores of others had gathered one hundred thousand members in Great As with crime and pauperism they took Britain and America, another era came the elementary training of their chil¬ dren in their own special care. for them. Infernal organization and William Penn in a letter to his wife supervision took the place of evangeliz¬ wrote about his children: “For their ing aggressiveness. But, with it all, learning be liberal. Spare no costs; for the Society has been able to infuse the by such parsimony all is lost that spirit and essence of George Fox’s teachings into the very veins of the is saved.” Early Friends were exceed ingly careful to avoid all such things as modern world; and also h\s testimony savored of costliness and finery. As Will to the spirituality of worship, against iam Penn says. “Tf thou art clean and ritualism, against the sin of intolerance warm, it is sufficient; for more doth and abomination of war, the wrongful¬ rob the poor and please the wanton. ness of oaths, and the indwelling of The code of laws which he prepared God in believing and faithful souls. for the provinces was exalted in aim, The Friends are an embodiment of comprehensive in scope and the details great principles, and an incarnation of marvelously practical. a grand life. Both these principles and The great colony was established on life have entered into the bone and sin¬ the most liberal and advanced princir ew of our Republic, and both are still pies of his time. How attractive to necessary for the realization of ulti¬ Penn must have appeared a home for mate America. his pure faith in the virgin woods, i When seen at their best, the Friends a commonwealth reared afresh out stand in American history for ideal civ¬ nature by manly effort and adventu ilization; and this civilization is their where he could try the experiment of contribution to the American Republic. his principles in the truest form. From They arose in an age of dogmas and 1682 to 1776 the province of Pennsylva creeds and persecution and reforms and nia was the Friends. They controlled religious revolutions and quarreling ec¬ its policy and legislation down to t clesiastics. They took their place summer of 1776, when their power w; among the rank of reformers, and were destroyed almost in a moment. the most advanced of all. Their gun During the first seventy years tl was a protest, their bullet a principle political history of the colony may and their power the inner light. In said to be exclusively a history of the days of William Penn their ways Friends, because the Church of E and principles spelled anarchy, “but by land people, who were their oppone the slow education of centuries they I during the time, were so few in nu: now spell righteousness, peace and j bers that they played a comparative! love.” insignificant part. The Friends deve William Penn took the life of Fox, oped the civil liberty of the provino the system of Barclay, the converts of and worked out a body of Constitutio: Burroughs and built all into a Com¬ al liberty, which at the time of t' monwealth which gave the Friends the Revolution gave Pennsylvania such civil embodiment of their cherished satisfactory form of government, t! ideals, and which gave America, the it was a great obstacle in the way powerful colony of Pennsylvania, a the movement for independence, mighty bulwark in the defense of free¬ mately, the ecclesiastical Quaker dom. Penn paid a large price for the umphed over the political, and the privilege of being a Quaker, and this settled down into a growing convict made him a man to be trusted. He sac¬ that for them, obedience to right rificed the friendship of his home, for laws, and passive resistance to his father said of him: “William has righteous aims, constituted the bu: become a Quaker, or some such melan¬ of a Friend and duty to the gov choly thing.” He was democratic in ment. spirit and gave his colony a constitu¬ The Indian policy of the Friends tion and laws full of the genius of hu¬ been immortalized on canvas and manity and of equal justice. » print, hnd from generation to gene; The liberty of thought granted bore tion the belts of wampum, which r; its fruits, and brought the colony due fled th e many treaties were han honor and respect. The Declaration of down as witnesses betwixt us and : Independence and other historic facts of thes e agreements.” President SI less, o Haverford College, in his ’ 147

“A Quaker Experiment in Govern¬ tion, the^'woods became tlHcker and, ment,’’ says, “As long a? exact justice prevailed, peace existed” and this is the the supply of logs and lumber more j lesson of Pennsylvania. abundant, which continued to be the A prominent Divine says: This is the fact till the present century. message of the Quaker fathers to the patriotic sons of America. “If you No long after Philadelphia was ! would render your country the highest founded much of the land in this vi- service and lead it forward to the mil- | cinity was purchased from Penn, but j lenial age, be an intellect to your CoiiriY j not all occupied by the original pro- j try, think for it; be a conscience for your country, make moral decisions for prietors. Among the first purchasers it, and think and decide within the : were John Rush, John Hart, Abel No- lines of God’s holy law. If you would | ble, William Bingley, Nathaniel Allen, render your country the highest ser¬ George Randall and John Jones. John vice, be the Lord’s prophet to your Hart was in his early manhood a country; dream dreams for it, and see prominent minister of the Society of visions for it.” Hold up ideals before Friends, and when a division occurred i the people, and you will attain a civili¬ in the denomination under the leader¬ zation embodying your ideals and the ship of George Keith, he took part Society of Friends may become, in with the seceders, and subsequently united with the Baptists, He is spoken of as a man of unusual natural ability and eloquence. Before leaving England land he secured the grant from Penn of 1000 acres, which after his coming he located in Byberry and Warminster. The part in this township was between the Bristol and Street roads near what is now Johnsville. There he resided from 1695, about twenty years till his death in 1714, during which period he preached to a small congregation in the private house of John Swift, w'hich J ultimately grew into the Southampton j Baptist Church. A portion of the 500 acres Mr. Hart owned in this neigh¬ borhood remained in the family of his | descendants more than 170 years. The village of' rvyfancf was planted on it, and we are now gathered on a spot that was often trodden by the feet of that noted pioneer in the planting of the institutions we enjoy. I Another of those, who early crossed the ocean and made their home within- our bounds, was Bartholomew Long- streth. He left his native country, Yorkshire, England, in 1698, and bought a tract near Edge Hill, which he im¬ proved and occupied some time, but at length disposed of it, and purchased in , 1710 from Thomas Fairman in War— | minster 500 acres between the Bristol and Street roads, north of the present Davisville. In process of time he in- creased his property to Che extent of a thousand acres. One of his great¬ grandchildren, David Longstreth, was a surveyor and conveyancer, and had a boarding school at the ancestral home a considerable period, where many young men received a sound education The homestead of the Longstreth fam¬ ily was in their hands five generations, but in 1850 was sold to Isaac Rush Kirk. ine limits ot this sketch do not per¬ mit me to give a particular account of many of the earliest Europeans, who settled here. This township was close¬ ly associated at first with Southamp¬ ton, and in the map of the region around Philadelphia, prepared by Holme in 1684, the two were almost identified. They were united in the election of officers until 1712, at which period the separate existnece of War¬ minster began. Before that time the inhabitants were few, as may be seen in the fact, that the tracts set off toi .48 ,.Aj

different purchasers were'SOO or iOOO Charles Hill, of the same place. Dr. acres in extent. I wiil now give some Jones, of the Three Tuns, and others. statements in regard to the villages in About 1840 Dr. William M. Mann, a the township. graduate of the Pennsylvania Univer¬ Hartsville was formerly called Hart’s sity Medical School, established him¬ Cross Roads after a family of the name self in the village, married Miss Catha¬ of Hart. Colonel Joseph Hart and rine Steinmetz, whose childhood home John Carr in 1786 bought the mill north had been in Philadelphia, and for more of the village though the Colonel had than thirty years occupied a large resided in the vicinity a number of place in the confidence and esteem of years previously, and kept a tavern on the citizens. In the decline of life he' the Warwick side of the Bristol road, sold his practice to Dr. Guiltian Cor¬ which divides the two townships. The nell and removed to Philadelphia, York road which crosses the Bristol where he died a few years since aged road at this point, was i