M/s. PRIVA LAMINATES LLP
PROPOSED RESIN MANUFACTURING PROJECT
[Phenol Formaldehyde Resin: 200 MT/Month, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin: 50 MT/Month, Urea Formaldehyde Resin: 50 MT/Month]
Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi, Gujarat
Final Environmental Impact Assessment Report
PREPARED BY
T. R. ASSOCIATES
(NABET Accredited ‘Category –A’ Environmental Consultant) (Accreditation No.: NABET/EIA/1619/RA0033)
Category: 5 (f) Baseline Monitoring Period - December 2017 to February 2018
A-401, S.G.Business Hub, B/W Sola Bhagvat & Gota Over Bridge, Near Umiya Campus, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad 380060
Email ID: [email protected] Contact No. 09825371099
DECEMBER 2018
DECLARATION BY EXPERTS
TOR & IT’S COMPLIANCE M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) COMPLIANCE
Point wise compliance to the TOR points issued by EAC, MoEFCC, New Delhi vide their letter no. IA-J-11011/556/2017-IA-II (I) dated 14th Jan, 2018 (attached as Annexure -1) for proposed manufacturing of Melamine Formaldehyde Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin at Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2,NH – 8, Village: Pipli, Taluka: & District: Morbi, Gujarat.
A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance is as given below:
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. In this regard, under the provisions of the EIA Notification 2006 as amended, the Standard TOR for the purpose of preparing environment impact assessment The public hearing minutes is
report and environment enclosed here as an Annexure:9 management plan for obtaining prior environment clearance is prescribed with public consultation as follows: ANNEXURE - I: (A) GENERIC TOR WITH RESPECT TO INDUSTRY
SECTOR 1 Executive Summary Executive summary of the project -- in both English & Gujarati language has been incorporated in the EIA report. 2 Introduction i. Details of the EIA Consultant Details of EIA consultant has been 12.1 including NABET incorporated in Chapter – 12 of the accreditation. EIA report. NABET accreditation certificate is attached as Annexure – 7. ii. Information about the project Refer Section 1.3 in Chapter - 1 1.2 proponent. iii. Importance and benefits of the Refer Section 1.4 in Chapter - 1 1.3 project
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. 3 Project Description i. Cost of project & time of Refer Section 2.6 of Chapter - 2 2.10 completion ii. Product with capacities for the Refer Section 2.8 of Chapter - 2 2.17 proposed project iii. If expansion project, details of Not applicable as this is a -- existing products with proposed project. capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any iv. List of raw materials required Refer Section 2.8 of Chapter - 2 2.17 and their source along with mode of transportation. v. Other chemicals & materials Refer Section 2.8 of Chapter - 2 2.17 required with quantities and storage capacities vi. Details of emission, effluents, Details of air emission i.e. flue gas 2.24- hazardous waste generation emission is given in Section 2.11.2 2.25 and their management. of Chapter - 2 Details of domestic and industrial 2.20- effluent is given in Section 2.11.1 of 2.24 Chapter - 2 Details of hazardous waste 2.26- generation & their management is 2.27 given in Section 2.11.3 of Chapter - 2 vii. Requirement of water, Refer Section 2.11.1 of Chapter -2 2.20- power, with source of supply, for the details of water 2.22 status of approval, water consumption and water balance balance diagram, man-power diagram. requirement (regular and contract) It may be noted that we have
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. already made application to CGWB for obtaining permission for groundwater abstraction. Proof of the same attached as Annexure – 3. 2.18
Refer Section 2.9.1 of Chapter - 2 for the details of power requirement and its source. 2.18
Refer Section 2.9.2 of Chapter - 2 for the details of man-power requirement. viii. Process description along Process description along with 2.10- with major equipments and process flow diagram and mass 2.17 machineries, process flow sheet balance is given in Section 2.7 of (quantities) from raw material Chapter - 2 to products to be provided. Major equipments & machineries 2.19 are given in Section 2.9.5 of Chapter - 2 ix. Hazard identification and Refer Section 7.3.2 of Chapter - 7. 7.4-7.6 details of proposed safety systems. x. Expansion/modernization Not applicable as this is a -- proposals: proposed project a. Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments there to obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forest as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing/existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMO report. b. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. conditions of consents form the SPCB shall be submitted. 4 Site Details i. Location of the project site Refer Section 2.3 of Chapter - 2 for 2.1 covering village, the requisite details. Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered. ii. A toposheet of the study A toposheet of the 10 km radius 2.4 area of radius of 10 km and study area along with site location site location on is incorporated as Figure 2.4 in the 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an EIA Report. A3/A2 sheet. (Including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places. iii. Details w.r.t. option analysis Refer Section 1.5 of Chapter - 1 as 1.4-1.5 for selection of site. well as Section 5.3 of Chapter - 5 of the EIA report for the requisite 5.1-5.2 details. iv. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all Refer Figure 1.1 of Chapter - 1 of 1.4 four corners of the site. the EIA report.
v. Google map-Earth Refer Figure 2.2 & 2.3 of Chapter - 2.3 downloaded of the project site. 2 of the EIA report. vi. Layout maps indicating Refer Figure 2.7 of Chapter – 2 of 2.9 existing unit as well as the EIA report for detailed Plant proposed unit indicating Layout of the project. storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate. vii. Photographs of the proposed Refer Figure 2.5 of Chapter - 1 of 2.5 and existing (if applicable) the EIA report. plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular. viii. Land use break-up of total Refer Section 2.5 of Chapter - 2 for 2.8 land of the project site the land use break-up of project {identified and acquired}, site. government/private- agricultural, forest, 2.7 wasteland, water bodies, Refer Section 2.4 of Chapter - 2 for settlements, etc. shall be the salient features of the proposed included.(not required for project site. industrial area). ix. A list of major industries with Refer Section 2.3.2 of Chapter - 2 2.6 name and type within study for the requisite details. area {10 km radius} shall be Land use details of the study area 3.32- incorporated. Land use details is given in Section 3.6 of Chapter - 3.39 of the study area 3 x. Geological features and Geo- Refer Section 3.5 of Chapter – 3 for 3.28- hydrological status of the study the requisite details. 3.32 area shall be included. xi. Details of Drainage of the Refer Section 3.5 of Chapter – 3 for 3.30 project upto 5 km radius of the requisite details. study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) xii. Status of acquisition It may be noted that the land is on -- of land. If acquisition is not owned by the company. NA complete, stage of the permission and Land Possession acquisition process and Document details are attached as expected time of complete Annexure – 2. possession of the land. xiii. R&R details in respect of Not applicable -- land in line with state Government policy 5 Forest and Wildlife related Issues (if applicable):
i. Permission and approval for Not Applicable -- the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable)
ii. Landuse map based on High Not Applicable -- resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha) iii. Status of Application Not Applicable -- submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. be submitted. iv. The projects to be located Not applicable as no wild life -- within 10 km of the National sanctuary is located within 10 km Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere radius of the project site. Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon v. Wildlife Conservation Plan Conservation plan for the Peacock -- duly authenticated by the is attached as Annexure – 10. Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area vi. Copy of application Not Applicable -- submitted for clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife 6 Environmental Status i. Determination of atmospheric Site specific micro-meteorological -- inversion level at the project data are given in Annexure – 4. site and site-specific micro- meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, Refer Section 3.1.1 of Chapter – 3 3.2-3.6
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. hourly wind speed and for requisite details. direction and rainfall. ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at Refer Section 3.1.2 of Chapter – 3 3.7- 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, for requisite AAQ data. 3.10 SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre- dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. iii. Raw data of all AAQ Refer Table 3.6 of Chapter – 3 for 3.9- measurement for 12 weeks of requisite detail. 3.10 all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along Please refer Annexure – 5 for raw with – min., max., average and data of all AAQ measurement for 98% values for each of the 12 weeks for all selected sampling AAQ parameters from data of stations. all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report. iv. Surface water quality of Refer Table 3.12 of Chapter – 3 for 3.21- nearby River (100m upstream surface water quality data. 3.24 and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines. v. Whether the site falls near to Not Applicable -- polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. & CC, if yes give details.
vi. Ground water monitoring Refer Table 3.11 of Chapter – 3 for 3.19- at minimum at 8 locations shall ground water quality data. 3.21 be included. vii. Noise levels monitoring at Refer Table 3.8 & 3.9 of Chapter – 3 3.13 & 8 locations within the study for Noise Level Monitoring Data. 3.14 area. viii. Soil characteristic as per Refer Table 3.14 of Chapter – 3 for 3.27 CPCB guidelines. Soil Characteristic Data. ix.Traffic study of the area, type Refer Section 3.9 of Chapter 3 for 3.69- of vehicles, frequency of traffic study data. 3.70 vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc. x. Detailed description of flora Refer Section 3.7 of Chapter – 3 for 3.42- and fauna (terrestrial and ecology & biodiversity study data. 3.52 aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. xi.Socio-economic status of the Refer Section 3.8 of Chapter – 3 for 3.52- study area. socio economic status of the study 3.68 area. 7 Impact and Environment Management Plan i. Assessment of ground level Please refer Section 4.8 as well as 4.19- concentration of pollutants Figure 4.1, 4.2 & 4.3 & Table 4.10, 4.25
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. from the stack emission based 4.11, 4.12 of Chapter – 4 for on site-specific meteorological requisite details. features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. ii. Water Quality modelling – in Not applicable, as no wastewater -- case of discharge in water body discharge from the industry in any type of water body. iii. Impact of the transport of Refer Section 4.9 of Chapter – 4 for 4.25- the raw materials and end requisite data. 4.27 products on the surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. road transport or conveyor- cum-rail transport shall be examined. iv. A note on treatment of Refer Section 2.11.1 of Chapter - 2 2.20- wastewater from different for the requisite details. 2.24 plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules. v. Details of stack emission and Refer Section 2.11.2.1 of Chapter - 2 2.24- action plan for control of for the requisite details. 2.25 emissions to meet standards.
vi. Measures for fugitive emission Refer Section 2.11.2.2 of Chapter - 2 2.25 control for the requisite details.
vii. Details of hazardous waste Refer Section 2.11.3 of Chapter - 2 2.26 generation and their storage, for the requisite details. utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement Refer Section 10.9 of Chapter - 10 10.14 plant shall also be included. for the details of cleaner EMP shall include the concept production. of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation.
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. viii. Proper utilization of fly ash Refer Section 10.4.2 of Chapter - 10 10.5 shall be ensured as per Fly of the EIA report. Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. ix. Action plan for the green belt Refer Section 10.5 of Chapter – 10 10.10- development plan in 33 % area for detailed greenbelt development 10.11 i.e. land with not less than plan. 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. x. Action plan for rainwater Refer Section 10.6 of Chapter – 10 10.11- harvesting measures at plant for the detail of rain water 10.13 site shall be submitted to harvesting scheme. harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. xi. Total capital cost and Refer Section 10.10 of Chapter – 10 10.14- recurring cost/annum for of the EIA report. 10.16 environmental pollution control measures shall be included. xii. Action plan for post-project Refer Section 6.2 of Chapter – 6 of 6.1-6.3
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. environmental monitoring the EIA report. shall be submitted. xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster Refer Section 7.10 of Chapter – 7 of 7.35 (natural and Man-made) the details. Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8 Occupational Health i. Plan and fund allocation to Refer Section 10.10 of Chapter – 10 10.14- ensure the occupational health of the EIA report. 10.16 & safety of all contract and casual workers ii. Details of exposure specific Not applicable as this is a -- health status evaluation of proposed project worker. If the workers’ health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre-placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise.
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. iii. Details of existing It may be noted that this is a 7.30- Occupational & Safety proposed project. Nevertheless, 7.34 Hazards. What are the measures to be taken by the exposure levels of hazards and company after commissioning of whether they are within the project are given in the Section Permissible Exposure level 7.9 of Chapter - 7 (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved iv. Annual report of health status Not applicable as this is a -- of workers with special proposed project reference to Occupational Health and Safety. 9 Corporate Environment Policy i. Does the company have a well At present, we have not laid down -- laid down Environment Policy environment policy. We will lay approved by its Board of down such a policy once our unit Directors? If so, it may be is in operation. detailed in the EIA report. ii. Does the Environment Policy Our unit has yet not started -- prescribe for standard production. Nevertheless, we shall operating process /procedures see to it that Environmental Policy to bring into focus any that we have frozen will bring infringement / deviation / things into focus and any future violation of the environmental issues related to the environment. or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA. iii. What is the hierarchical system Not applicable as our is the 10.3 or Administrative order of the proposed project but environment company to deal with the management cell will be
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. environmental issues and for established and details for the ensuring compliance with the same is given in Section 10.3.3 of environmental clearance Chapter – 10 of the EIA Repot. conditions? Details of this system may be given. iv. Does the company have We have not yet started -- system of reporting of non- production. However, we shall compliances/violations of definitely set up a system to report environmental norms to the such issues to partners. Board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report 10 Details regarding infrastructure Workers including casual workers -- facilities such as sanitation, fuel, such as truck drivers will be restroom etc. to be provided to provided with basic amenities like the labour force during water supply, sanitation facilities, construction as well as to the first aid, personal protective casual workers including truck equipments, approach roads, drivers during operation phase. communication etc. 11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) i. Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % Refer Section 8.5 of Chapter – 8 of 8.3 of the project cost) shall be the EIA report for requisite details. earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio- economic development activities need to be elaborated upon. 12 Any litigation pending against Not applicable as this is a --
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. the project and/or any proposed project direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. 13 A tabular chart with index for Complied -- point wise compliance of above TORs. 14 The TORs prescribed shall be We have taken note of the same -- valid for a period of three years for submission of the EIA-EMP reports. (B) SPECIFIC TOR FOR EIA STUDIES 1. Details on solvents to be used, It may be noted that no solvents -- measures for solvent recovery will be utilized in proposed project and for emissions control. activities 2. Details of process emissions from It may be noted that there will be -- the proposed unit and its no process gas emission from arrangement to control. proposed project activity 3. Ambient air quality data should Refer section 3.1.2 of Chapter - 3 3.7- include VOC, other process- for AAQ data. 3.10 specific pollutants like NH3*, chlorine*, HCl*, HBr*, H2S*, HF*, etc. (*as applicable) 4. Work zone monitoring Refer section 6.2 & 6.3 of Chapter – 6.1-6.3 arrangements for hazardous 6 for requisite details. chemicals
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Sr. TOR Condition Compliance Status Page No. No. 5. Detailed effluent treatment Refer section 2.11.1.2 of Chapter – 2.22- scheme including segregation of 2 for details on Zero Liquid 2.24 effluent streams for units Discharge along with effluent adopting ‘Zero’ liquid discharge treatment scheme. 6. Action plan for odour control to Refer section 10.4.2 of Chapter – 10 10.5- be submitted for requisite details. 10.9 7. A copy of the Memorandum of Not Applicable -- Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated 8. Authorization/ Membership for Unit will obtain membership of -- the disposal of liquid effluent in TSDF site before obtaining CC&A CETP and solid/hazardous waste (Consent to Operate) from GPCB in TSDF, if any 9. Action plan for utilization of Not Applicable. -- MEE/dryers salts 10. Material Safety Data Sheet for all Refer Annexure – 6 for MSDS of all -- the chemicals are being used/will raw materials to be used in be used proposed project. 11. Authorization/ Membership for Unit will obtain membership of -- the disposal of solid/hazardous TSDF site before obtaining CC&A waste in TSDF (Consent to Operate) from GPCB 12. Details of incinerator if to be Not Applicable. -- installed 13. Risk assessment for storage and Refer Chapter 7 for requisite 7.2- handling of hazardous details. 7.48 chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated. 14. Arrangements for ensuring Refer Section 7.9 of Chapter – 7 for 7.30- health and safety of workers details of arrangements of health 7.34 engaged in handling of toxic and safety of workers engaged. materials
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INDEX M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
INDEX
CHAPTER PAGE CONTENT NO. NO. 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1- 1.10 1.1 Preamble 1.1 1.2 Purpose of the EIA report 1.1 1.3 Promoters and their background 1.2 1.4 Need of the project and its importance to the country 1.3 1.5 Location of the proposed project and siting criteria 1.4 1.6 Scope of the EIA study 1.6 1.7 Regulatory frame work 1.8
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1-2.28 2.1 Preamble 2.1 2.2 Site History 2.1 2.3 Project location 2.1 2.3.1. Photographs of proposed project site 2.5 2.3.2. Justification of Site Selection 2.6 2.4 Salient features of the proposed project site 2.7 2.5 Proposed project land & plant lay-out 2.8 2.6 Capital cost of the proposed project 2.10 2.7 Manufacturing Process 2.10 2.7.1. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 2.10 2.7.2. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 2.13 2.7.3. Urea Formaldehyde Resin 2.15 2.8 Raw material and product details 2.17 2.9 Requirement of Resources 2.18 2.9.1. Electricity / Power 2.18 2.9.2. Manpower 2.18 2.9.3. Water 2.18 2.9.4. Fuel 2.18 2.9.5. Plant, Machineries & Utilities 2.19 2.10 Energy Balance 2.19 2.11 Pollution Potential & Mitigation Measures 2.20
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M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
CHAPTER PAGE CONTENT NO. NO. 2.11.1 Water Pollution 2.20 2.11.2 Air Pollution 2.24 2.11.3 Solid / Hazardous Waste 2.26 2.11.4 Noise & Vibration 2.27
3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3.1-3.70
3.0 Methodology for Data Collection 3.1 3.1 Air Environment 3.1 3.1.1 Micrometeorological Data 3.2 3.1.1.1 Meteorological Data from Secondary Sources 3.2 3.1.1.2 Meteorology - Data Generated at Project Site 3.5 3.1.2 Selection of AAQ Stations 3.7 3.1.2.1 Existing AAQ Status 3.7 3.1.2.2 Baseline Data Interpretation of AAQ of Study 3.10 Area
3.2 Noise Environment 3.10 3.2.1 Existing Noise Levels 3.11 3.2.2 Data Analysis 3.13 3.2.3 Baseline Data Interpretation of Ambient Noise 3.14 Quality
3.3 Water Environment 3.15 3.3.1 Water Quality 3.15 3.3.1.1 Sample Collection and Analysis 3.15 3.3.1.2 Data Analysis 3.18 3.3.1.3 Baseline Data Interpretation of Ground Water 3.21 3.3.1.4 Baseline Data Interpretation of Surface Water 3.24
3.4 Soil Environment 3.25 3.4.1 Methodology of Sample Collection and Analysis 3.25 3.4.2 Baseline Data Interpretation of Soil Analysis 3.27
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CHAPTER PAGE CONTENT NO. NO. 3.5 Geo-Hydrological Features 3.28
3.6 Land Use Status 3.32 (A) Data Used 3.34 (B) Methodology 3.34 (C) Interpretation of Remote Sensing Data 3.34 3.6.1 Topography 3.40
3.7 Ecology & Biodiversity 3.42 3.7.1 Introduction 3.42 3.7.2 Methodology 3.42 3.7.3 Collection of Primary Field-Based Data 3.43 3.7.4 Detail Sampling Method & Literature Review 3.43 3.7.5 Status of Flora 3.45 3.7.6 Status of Fauna 3.47 3.7.7 Baseline Interpretation of Ecology & Biodiversity 3.51
3.8 Socio Economic Environment 3.52 3.8.1 Introduction 3.52 3.8.2 Socioeconomics 3.53 3.8.3 Households 3.53 3.8.4 Population 3.54 3.8.5 Occupational Structure 3.57 3.8.6 Literacy 3.60 3.8.7 Amenities 3.61 3.8.8 Site Specific Studies 3.67 3.8.9 Organization and Manpower 3.67 3.8.10 Impacts of the proposed project 3.68
3.9 Traffic Survey 3.69
4 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS & MITIGATION 4.1- 4.26 MAESURES 4.1 Preamble 4.1
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CHAPTER PAGE CONTENT NO. NO. 4.2 Prediction and Evaluation of Impacts 4.2 4.3 Impact Identification 4.4 4.4 Assessment of Impacts 4.7 4.5 Quantification of Impacts 4.9 4.5.1 Environmental Attributes & Relative Importance 4.9 4.5.2 Magnitude Criteria 4.11 4.5.3 Matrix Development 4.11 4.6 Mitigation Measures for Impacts on environment 4.15 during Construction Phase 4.7 Mitigation Measures for Impacts on Environment 4.16 during Operational Phase 4.8 Impact on Air Quality 4.19 4.9 Existing Traffic & Vehicular Pollution 4.25
5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 5.1-5.3 5.1 Preamble 5.1 5.2 Project Details 5.1 5.3 Site Alternatives 5.1 5.4 Alternative for Technologies 5.2
6 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1-6.4 6.1 Preamble 6.1 6.2 Environment Monitoring Program 6.1 6.3 Budget for Implementation of Environmental Monitoring 6.2 Plan 6.4 Infrastructural Requirements 6.3 6.5 Documentation and Reporting 6.4 6.6 Corporate Environment Policy 6.4
7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1-7.48 A Public Consultation 7.1 B Risk Assessment Study 7.1 C Social Impact Assessment, R & R Action Plan 7.1
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CHAPTER PAGE CONTENT NO. NO. 7.1 Overview of Project 7.2 7.2 Surrounding Area 7.2 7.2.1 Objective and Scope 7.2 7.2.2 Risk Analysis Methodology 7.3 7.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis 7.3 7.3.1 Hazard Identification methods 7.4 7.3.2 Identification of Hazardous Chemicals used within 7.4 Premises 7.3.3 Storage Details of Raw Material and Products 7.6 7.3.4 Hazard Indices 7.15 7.3.5 Credible Accident Sources/Worst Case Scenarios 7.17 7.4 Consequence Modeling 7.18 7.4.1 Damage Criteria 7.18 7.4.2 Details of Model Used for Consequence Analysis 7.21 7.5 Failure Frequency 7.26 7.6 Estimation of Effect of Damage / Impact Identification 7.27 7.7 Summary 7.27 7.8 Proposed Risk Reduction Measures 7.28 7.9 Occupational Health Surveillance Program 7.30 7.9.1 Treatment Facilities Provided to Workers affected 7.31 by accidental Spillage of Chemicals 7.9.2 Minimization of the manual handling of hazardous 7.32 substance 7.9.3 DO’S and DONT’S 7.32 7.10 Disaster Management Plan 7.35 7.10.1 Disaster 7.35 7.10.2 Statutory Provisions 7.35 7.10.3 On-Site Emergency Plan 7.35 7.10.4 Site Plan of the Factory and Surrounding 7.36 7.10.5 Types of Overall Emergencies 7.36 7.10.6 Assessment of In-plant Hazards 7.37 7.10.7 Emergency Control System 7.37 7.10.8 General Procedures and responsibilities 7.41 7.10.9 Offsite Emergency Preparedness Plan 7.43
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CHAPTER PAGE CONTENT NO. NO.
8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1-8.3 8.1 Preamble 8.1 8.2 Employment Potential 8.1 8.3 Improvement in Physical & Social Infrastructure 8.1 8.4 Other Tangible Benefits 8.2 8.5 Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) 8.3
9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9.1 9.1 Environmental cost benefit analysis 9.1
10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1-10.16 10.1 Introduction 10.1 10.2 Objectives of Environmental Management Plan 10.2 10.3 Components of Environmental Management Plan 10.2 10.3.1 Environment Management System (EMS) 10.2 10.3.2 Environmental Health & Safety (EHS) 10.2 10.3.3 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) 10.3 10.4 Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Project 10.4 10.4.1 Environmental Management during Construction 10.4 Phase 10.4.2 Environmental Management during Operational 10.5 Phase 10.5 Greenbelt Development Plan 10.10 10.6 Rain Water Harvesting Scheme 10.11 10.7 Occupational Health Management Plan 10.13 10.8 Fire & Safety Management Plan 10.13 10.9 Cleaner Production Technologies 10.14 10.10 Budget for Environment Protection Measures 10.14
11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11.1–11.4 11.1 Introduction 11.1 11.2 Air Environment 11.1 11.3 Water Environment 11.1
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CHAPTER PAGE CONTENT NO. NO. 11.4 Noise Environment 11.2 11.5 Land/Soil Environment 11.2 11.6 Ecology & Biodiversity 11.3 11.7 Socio-Economic Environment 11.3 11.8 Conclusion 11.3
12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGE4D 12.1-12.4 12.1 Declaration for Involvement in EIA study 12.1 12.2 Company Profile 12.2
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE LIST OF TABLES NO. NO.
1.1 Details of Proposed Product 1.1 1.2 Promoters and their Background 1.2 1.3 General Siting Criteria 1.5 1.4 Scope of the study 1.7
2.0 List of Major Industries near Project Site 2.6 2.1 Salient Features of the Proposed Project Site 2.7 2.2 Area Break-up of Proposed Project Site 2.8 2.3 Cost Break-up of Proposed Project Site 2.10 2.4 Details of Proposed Raw Materials 2.17 2.5 Details of Proposed Products 2.17 2.6 Fuel Requirement 2.19 2.7 List of Plant, Machineries and Utilities 2.19 2.8 Energy Balance 2.19 2.9 Stream-wise Water Requirement & Wastewater Generation 2.21 2.10 Details of Effluent Treatment Plant Units 2.23 2.11 Stream-wise Quality of Effluent 2.24 2.12 Details of Flue Gas Emissions 2.25 2.13 Details of Air Pollution Control System 2.25 2.14 Details of Hazardous Waste Management 2.27
3.1 Meteorological Data Collection Period 3.2 Monthly Mean values of Meteorological Data (Secondary 3.2 3.3 Data) 3.3 Ambient Air Monitoring Locations 3.8 3.4 Air – Parameters Analyzed and Sampling Duration 3.9 3.5 Ambient Air Quality – Methodology 3.9 3.6 Ambient Air Monitoring Results 3.9 3.7 Noise Monitoring Locations 3.12 3.8 Noise Level Monitoring Data (Daytime) 3.13 3.9 Noise Level Monitoring Data (Nighttime) 3.14
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TABLE PAGE LIST OF TABLES NO. NO. 3.10 Water Monitoring Locations 3.16 3.11 Water Quality - Physico-Chemical Analysis of Ground Water 3.19 3.12 Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Surface Water 3.21 3.13 Soil Sampling Locations 3.27 3.14 Physico-Chemical Characteristic of Soil 3.27 3.15 Land Use / Land Cover Classification 3.36 3.16 Information of Field Survey 3.42 3.17 Overall Taxonomic Status of Plant Species in Study Area 3.45 3.18 Status of Life form of plant species reported in Study Area 3.46 List of Agriculture and Commercial Crop Species Recorded 3.19 3.47 in and around Study Area 3.20 Taxonomical Status of Herpetofauna 3.48 3.21 Overall Status of Terrestrial and Aquatic Birds: Study Area 3.49 3.22 Overall Status of Mammals: Study Area 3.50 3.23 Population Composition 3.55 3.24 Occupational Structure 3.58 3.25 Literacy Status 3.60 Basic amenities detail for study villages covered in 10 km 3.61 3.26 radius 3.27 Traffic Count Data 3.70
4.1 Impact Identification Matrix 4.5 4.2 Assessment of Impacts 4.8 4.3 Environmental Attributes 4.10 4.4 The Activity – Impact Evaluation Matrix 4.12 4.5 Cumulative Impact Matrix 4.14 4.6 Construction Phase: Impacts & its Mitigation Measures 4.15 4.7 Operation Phase: Impacts & its Mitigation Measures 4.16 4.8 Details of Flue Gas Stacks 4.19 4.9 Expected Pollutants and its Emission Rate 4.20 Predicted 24 Hourly Short term incremental concentration of 4.10 4.24 PM10 Predicted 24 hourly short term incremental Concentrations of 4.11 4.24 SO2
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TABLE PAGE LIST OF TABLES NO. NO. Predicted 24 hourly short term incremental Concentrations of 4.12 4.25 NO2 4.13 Assessment of Proposed Traffic Load 4.26
5.1 Proposed Technology Alternatives 5.2
6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.2 Budget for Implementation of Environmental Monitoring 6.2 6.3 Plan
7.1 Chemical Properties of Hazardous Chemicals & Products 7.5 7.2 Storage Details of Raw Material 7.7 7.2 (A) Storage Details of Products 7.8 7.3 Identification Hazard Associated with Storage of Raw 7.8 Materials 7.4 Fire & Explosion Index 7.16 7.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis 7.17 7.6 Damage Due to Incident Radiation Intensities 7.18 7.7 Radiation Exposure and Lethality 7.19 7.8 Damage Due to Peak Over Pressure 7.20 Consequence analysis and Damage Distance (Failure of raw 7.9 7.23 material storage tanks) 7.10 Atmospheric Storage Tank Leak/ Tank Fire Frequencies 7.26 7.11 Fire Extinguishers 7.46 7.12 Offsite Action Plan 7.47
10.1 Details of Plant Species in Greenbelt 10.10 10.2 Details of Rain Water Harvesting 10.12 10.3 Budgetary allocation towards Environmental Management 10.15
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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE LIST OF FIGURES NO. NO.
1.1 Location of the project site 1.4
2.1 Index Map 2.2 Google Image showing surrounding 1,5,10 km radius 2.2 2.3 area from the proposed project site Google Image showing 500 m radius area from the 2.3 2.3 proposed project site 2.4 Topomap showing proposed project site 2.4 2.5 Photograph of site visit 2.5 2.6 Major Industries near proposed project site 2.7 2.7 Plant Lay-out 2.9 2.8 Water Balance Diagram 2.22 2.9 Schematic Flow Diagram of Effluent Treatment Plant 2.24
3.1 Wind Rose Diagram of Entire Year (Secondary Source) 3.4 3.2 Photograph showing Automatic Weather Station 3.5 installed near project site 3.3 Wind Rose Diagram based on Primary Meteorological 3.6 Data 3.4 Map showing Ambient Air Quality Locations 3.7 3.5 Photograph showing Ambient Air Monitoring 3.8 3.6 Photograph showing Noise monitoring sample 3.12 collection 3.7 Map Showing Noise Sampling Locations 3.13 3.8 Photograph showing Ground & Surface Water Sample 3.16 Collection 3.9 Map showing Surface Water Quality Locations 3.17 3.10 Map showing Ground Water Quality Locations 3.17 3.11 Photograph showing Soil Sample Collection 3.26 3.12 Map showing Soil Sampling Locations 3.26 3.13 Ground Water Prospect Map 3.32
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FIGURE PAGE LIST OF FIGURES NO. NO. 3.14 Land use and Land cover map of the 10 km radius of the 3.37 study area 3.15 Satellite Image of the 10 km radius of the study area 3.38 3.16 Infrastructure Map of the 10 km radius of the study area 3.39 3.17 Topography Map of the 10 km radius of the study area 3.41 3.18 Photographs showing Biodiversity Status 3.50 3.19 Percentage of Total Population Distribution 3.56 3.20 Percentage Distribution of Workers 3.59 3.21 Percentage Distribution of Literacy Levels 3.61 3.22 Photograph showing Socio-Economic Data Collection 3.67 3.23 Image showing Traffic Surveying Location 3.69
4.1 Ground Level Concentration of PM10 4.21
4.2 Ground Level Concentration of SO2 4.22
4.3 Ground Level Concentration of NO2 4.23
7.1 Formaldehyde Toxic Dispersion (Threat Zone) 7.24 7.2 Formaldehyde Toxic Dispersion (Threat Zone) 7.24 7.3 Phenol Toxic Dispersion (Threat Zone) 7.25 7.4 Off-Site Emergency Plan 7.44
10.1 Environmental Management Cell 10.3
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LIST OF ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE LIST OF ANNEXURES NO. 1 TOR Letter issued by MoEFCC, New Delhi 2 Land Possession Documents including NA permission 3 Proof of CGWB Application 4 Site Specific Primary Meteorological Data 5 Raw data of all AAQ measurement for all Sampling Locations 6 Material Safety Data Sheets of Raw Materials 7 Copy of NABET Accreditation Certificate 8 Copy of NABL Accreditation Certificate 9 Public Hearing Minutes 10 Peacock Conservation Plan
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP
[Proposed Synthetic Organic Chemicals (Resins) Manufacturing Unit]
(Phenol Formaldehyde Resin - 200 MT/Month Melamine Formaldehyde Resin - 50 MT/Month Urea Formaldehyde Resin - 50 MT/Month)
PROJECT LOCATION
Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi, Gujarat.
PREPARED BY
T. R. ASSOCIATES
Ganesh Meridian, Block No – C, Office No - 605 A, Opp. Kargil Petrol Pump, Nr. Sola Over Bridge, S. G. Highway, Ahmedabad – 380060. Mobile – 9825371099 Email – [email protected]
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – ENGLISH & GUJARATI
Executive Summary – ENGLISH
1. INTRODUCTION
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP is proposed unit which intends to manufacture Resins (Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin & Urea Formaldehyde Resin) at Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District : Morbi, Gujarat. Production details are given below:
Details of Proposed Products
Sr. No. Name of Product Production Capacity
1. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 200 MT/month
2. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 50 MT/month
3. Urea Formaldehyde Resin 50 MT/month
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP has a total land area of 10,750 m2. Out of the stated land area approximately 3,548 m2 is green belt area (approx. 33 % of the total land area). Non Agriculture (NA) permission has been already obtained by the land owner from the concerned authority.
Proposed manufacturing unit is a Small Scale Unit having total investment of about Rs. 85 Lakhs. Approximately Rs. 29 Lakhs will be allocated towards environmental management facilities.
M/s. T. R. Associates (NABET Accredited EIA Consultant) was appointed by M/s. Priva Laminates LLP to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment study for their proposed project.
The Products i.e. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin falls under clause No.5 (f) of category “A” as stated in Environment Impact Assessment Notification published on 14th September 2006 and not fall into Small Scale Industrial Unit criteria as per the Notification dated 25th June2014. Further, the location of proposed project is outside the notified industrial estate. Hence the project proponent has to obtain the Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC, New Delhi. As a part of this procedure, Public Hearing is required to be
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - English NABET Accredited 1 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat. carried out as per the notification as well as the TOR granted to the unit by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry-2).
The study of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is based on studies carried out during the month of December 2017 to February 2018. The environmental parameters (ambient air, water, soil, noise, flora and fauna) selected for study are those, which are likely to be most affected by the project. The study area is defined as an area within 10 km radius from center of the site.
Salient Features within 10 km radius surroundings area as follows:
Sr. Important Features Description No. 1 Location No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District : Morbi-363642, Gujarat 2 Project Site Co-ordinates Latitude: 22°51'57.44"N Longitude: 70°51'30.74"E 3 Temperature Range 19.7 qC to 33.8 qC 4 Mean Sea Level 47 m 5 Annual Rain Fall 592 mm (average) 6 Nearest Railway Station Nazarbag railway station– 5.6 km in South direction 7 Nearest Airport Rajkot Airport – 61.41 km in South direction 8 Nearest Town/City Morbi – 5.48 km in SW direction 9 Nearest Village Darbar gadh – 0.76 km in SE direction 10 Nearest Highway NH 8A - 0.74 Km in WSW direction SH 321 - 0.81 Km in ESE direction 11 Nearest River/ Water Macchu River - 3.10 Km in WSW direction Body/ Canal 12 Nearest Notified National None within 10 km radius. Wild Ass Sanctuary Parks/ Sanctuary/ Eco - 36.52 km in NNE direction Sensitive Zone 13 Nearest Reserve Forest Paneli Reserve Forest - 9.13 km in ESE Direction
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - English NABET Accredited 2 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
2. AIR ENVIRONMENT
The base line Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) status within 10 km study area has been assessed through a monitoring network of 8 AAQ sampling stations during December 2017 to February 2018. Design of network for Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations were decided on meteorology, CPCB guidelines & available infrastructure facilities. The base-line Ambient Air Quality of the study area was
monitored for Particulate Matter (PM10 & PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), CO & VOC. The result for the same is given as below:
Results (98th Percentile) Location PM2.5 PM10 SO2 NO2 Project Site 50.38 81.57 14.74 27.93 Pipli 29.85 62.26 10.79 20.98 Dharampur 32.56 60.80 12.61 25.89 Nava Sadulka 35.97 65.67 15.01 23.05 Sanala 30.61 56.60 13.19 22.50 Bela Rangpar 31.35 55.80 9.53 20.85 Morbi 37.57 67.41 15.24 26.16 Ghuntu 33.65 61.35 11.86 19.14 Permissible limit 60 μg/m3 100 μg/m3 80 μg/m3 80 μg/m3 [NAAQ standards-2009] Note: CO: Not Detected; VOC: Below Detectable Limit,
Analysis of ambient air samples revealed that the Air quality is found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air Quality standards.
The main source of gaseous emission is flue gas emission from stack attached to Steam Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater and D. G. set.
Bio-coal/Coal will be used as a fuel & fuel requirement shall be 1.29 MT/day. Adequate stack height will be provided for proper atmosphere dispersion of
pollutant. The probable emitted pollutants will be PM, SO2 & NO2. Multi Cyclone Separator followed by Bag Filter will be provided as APCM for the Steam Boiler and TFH. Diesel will be used as a fuel for D. G. Set (back–up system). Therefore, the flue gas emission will also be well within prescribed norms and there is no need of any air pollution control measures for D. G. Set.
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3. WATER ENVIRONMENT
Analysis of ground water and surface water samples revealed that it is suitable for domestic activity including agricultural activity. Ground water quality in the area meets the Water Quality Standards for drinking water except for parameters like Turbidity, TDS, Total Hardness, Magnesium and Chlorides whereas surface water quality in the area meets the Water Quality Standards (IS 10500) for drinking water except for parameter like Turbidity, Total Hardness and TDS.
Water Requirement
The total fresh water requirement for the proposed project will be 14 kl/day. Out of this water quantity 1.2 kl/day will be used for domestic purpose, 2.2 kl/day will be used for industrial activities and 10.6 kl/day will be used for greenbelt development purpose. The requirement of water will be met through Borewell.
Wastewater Generation and its Disposal
The domestic wastewater generation will be 1.1 kl/day from the proposed project activity. The domestic wastewater generated will be disposed off through soak pit system.
The total industrial effluent generation from proposed project activity will be 1.74 kl/day, which will be from boiler, cooling tower, washing, RO reject and process will be collected and treated in Effluent Treatment Plant. The treated effluent will be evaporated in an evaporator system. Therefore, no effluent will be required to be discharged and the stated process would be a ZERO DISCHARGE process.
4. LAND / SOIL ENVIRONMENT
During operation activity the impact of air, water and solid waste pollution on soil causes direct / indirect effect on soil.
As all necessary air pollution control steps will be provided and based on the results of the dispersion model for the Ground Level Concentrations of various pollutants (after commissioning of the proposed project) it can be concluded that there will not be any adverse impact of air pollution on soil.
It may be noted that there will be no disposal of untreated effluent on land. So, there will be no adverse effect on land / soil due to water.
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All necessary control steps will be provided for handling, storage and disposal of solid/hazardous waste generated from the plant. Thus, there will not be any significant impact of solid/hazardous waste on the soil environment.
5. NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise level was recorded at eight locations within the study area to provide the baseline data to describe the existing situations.
Sr. Location Noise Level (Leq) in db (A) Noise Level (Leq) in db (A) No. (Day Time) (Night Time) Measured Permissible Measured Permissible Limit Limit 1 Project Site 57.7 75 39.2 70 2 Pipli 49.6 55 37.3 45 3 Dharampur 43.9 55 34.3 45 4 Nava Sadulka 51.8 55 33.2 45 5 Sanala 50.7 55 40.1 45 6 Bela Rangpar 54.6 55 43.8 45 7 Morbi 55.0 55 55.5 45 8 Ghuntu 45.1 55 35.8 45
Results of noise level monitoring in the study area revealed that in night time noise level are higher than the permissible limit at Morbi due to Vehicular Movement. At other locations the noise levels are found to be within permissible limit.
6. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
An assessment of socio-economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study. Socio-economic environment – demographic & related socio-economic data was collected from District Census Handbook to assess socio-economic status of the study area.
For proposed project activity, total 10 nos. of skilled and unskilled employees/ workers will be required. The indirect employment will be generated by way of transportation, shopkeepers and other casual employment for many people.
Local people will be given preference wherever found suitable for all the jobs in the plant. Economic status of the local people will improve due to the increased business
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opportunities, thereby, making a positive impact. Educational, medical and housing facilities in the study area will considerably improve.
7. ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY
The study area was dominated by agriculture landscape.
Domestic tree species found in the study area are Mesquite (Baval), Monkeypod (Ambali), Indian Beech (Karanj), Flamboyant (Gulmohar), Neem, Sisu (Shisham) and Golden Rain Tree (Garmalo). Major crops in the study area are Pearl Millet (Bajri), Sorghum (Juwar), Wheat (Gehun) and Castor (Divela).
The commonly spotted bird species of this area were Green Bee-Eater, Red vented Bulbul, Asian Koel, Common Kingfisher, Rose-ringed Parakeet, Shikra, Cattle Egret, Black Headed Ibis and Rock Pigeon.
The wild mammals found other than domesticated ones from study area were Nilgai, Indian Porcupine, Grey Mongoose, Golden Jackal, Striped Hyena and Wild Boar.
8. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
The main hazardous waste generation will be ETP Sludge + Evaporation Residue, Used Oil & Discarded Plastic Bags/Drums.
ETP Sludge + Evaporation Residue will be disposed off at approved TSDF site. Used Oil will be reused within premises as a lubricant or sold to registered recycler. Discarded Plastic Bags/Drums will be sold to authorized vendor.
Unit will provide storage area for hazardous wastes having roof, pucca flooring with leachate collection system. Leachate, if any will be collected and treated in effluent treatment plant. Unit will take membership of TSDF site after commencement of proposed project.
Thus, hazardous waste management system provided by the unit will be adequate and there will not be any major impact on the environment due to hazardous waste.
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9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
An Environmental Management Plan has been prepared for mitigation of the adverse impacts.
The Environmental Management Plan describes in brief, the management’s plan for proper and adequate implementation of treatment and control system for pollutants and for maintaining the environment. It also includes development of green belt, proper safety of workers, environmental monitoring plan, rain water harvesting, fire protection system and measures etc.
An Environmental Management Cell will be formed for effective implementation of Environmental Management Plan.
10. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM
Monitoring of environmental factors will enable us to identify the changes in the environmental status at various locations and effectiveness of the mitigative measures. To ensure the effective implementation of the EMP, monitoring of ambient air quality, stack emissions, analysis & monitoring of water environment and noise level will be carried out as required / specified by statutory authority.
11. RISK ASSESSMENT
Risk analysis and study have been carried out for identification of hazards, selection of maximum credible scenarios, risk mitigation measures etc. All the hazardous chemicals will be stored and handled as per MSDS guidelines. Personal protective equipments will be provided to the workers.
12. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
Based on risk assessment study, preventive measures are identified to ensure good health and safety of workers. Such measures include: Provision of PPEs like ear plug, ear muff etc. where noise levels in excess then 80 dB (A); Regular medical check-up of workers; Provision of basic infrastructure i.e. drinking water, sanitation, first aid etc. to workers. Use of proper PPE’s during plant operation, hazardous waste handling, chemical handling etc.
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - English NABET Accredited 7 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
13. GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
Total land area of 3,548 m2 (33 %) has been allotted for greenbelt development. This will contains common tree species found in study area which is tolerant to pollutants as well as acts as noise absorbers. This will not only mitigate the ecological problem but also enhance the beauty of project area that will attract avifauna, small mammals & insect species, and by this way ecological balance can be maintained to great extent.
14. PROJECT BENEFITS
The proposed project will become beneficial to the surrounding area or community in terms of infrastructural development, social development, employment and other benefits.
The proposed project has a potential for employment of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled employees during construction phase as well as operation phase. A total 10 nos. of person is likely to get employment due to the proposed project. The project will earmarked 2.0 % of project cost for Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) activities in surrounding villages.
15. CONCLUSION
Negligible impacts will occur on air quality. However, all the necessary air pollution control measures will be provided. No ecological damage will occur. No adverse impacts will occur on water environment. Local employment opportunities will increase. Various other environment parameters like Forest/ National Park/ Sanctuary and Religious / Historical Places will not be affected. Environment Management Plan has been formulated to control all the pollutant parameters and Environment Management Cell has been set-up to ensure that these parameters do not exceed the norms set out by the concerned authorities. After commissioning of the proposed project the Environmental Management Cell will take care of all the pollution control measures.
It can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental management plan during the construction & operational phase, there will be negligible impact on the environment.
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - English NABET Accredited 8 dëjƜS5 7eah_°
\pdd½ ̆jah _p\jWpͫd ?_?_Xj [djƛTpND BF±WjD D°\jDƣd (^°LjW) ȵ 5k ;ƗXhUW D^ahWj ̆ƨShiaS X^]sKWh] (YWs_ Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW - zxx \p˼D NW/\hd \p_p\h:W Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW - }x \p˼D NW/\hd Ȼ^]hk Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW - }x \p˼D NW/\hd)
?D\ȵ 5k ƨThW da± W.5 – ||/y XqD {/z,?Y_ ia˼Yh:PWj Zhȩk\h,5 Fh\:- XjX`, ShɀDsk 7Wp ĥƣ_s:- \s^Zj, ȤK^hSk Sq]h^ D^Wh^
N. 8^. ?dsid?ͫd ƞ_sD W:-5 dj, BYd WZ^5 : ~x}/?, FRpb \p^P]W, ?d. ĥ. eh:ap, 7\UhahU-{xx~x. \sZh:_ W:-5 z}{yx Email – [email protected] M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – GUJARATI
dëjƜS5 7eah_°
1. ̆ƨShaWh:-
\pdd½ ̆jah _p\jWpͫd ?_?_Xj ? ̆ƨShiaS ?D\ Jp. 8 ̆ƨShiaS ?D\p da± W.5 –
||/y XqD {/z,?Y_ ia˼Yh:PWj Zhȩk\h,5 Fh\:- XjX`, ShɀDsk 7Wp ĥƣ_s:- \s^Zj,
ȤK^hSk ^hK] EhSp \p_p\h:W Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW, YWs_ Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW 7Wp
Ȼ^]hk Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjWȵ k5 ;ƗXhUW D^ah \hN°Wj U^EhƨS D^°_ Jp.
̆ƨShiaS ̆sPƈN (;ƗXhUW) Wj iaFS
˲\hD5 ̆sPƈNȵ 5k Wh\ ë\Sh y YWs_ Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW 2xx \p˼D NW/\hd
z \p_h\h:W Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW 5x \p˼D NW/\hd
{ Ȼ^]hk Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW 5x \p˼D NW/\hd ̆ƨShiaS ̆jah _p\jWpͫd ?_?_Xj ?D\Ws Ȣk_ iaƨSh^ 8b^° yx,}x Is. \jN^ Jp.
Ȑ\hTj5 {,}| Is.\j. (8b^° Ȣk_ iaƨSh^Wh {{%) K\jW ˴jW ZpƣN \hN° Yh`aah\h 5
8abp. ZjWEpSj \hN°Wj \ȩ5 l^ 7Fh;Tj dZiVS5 dĂh XhdpTj K\jW \h_D Ďh^h \p`ap_
Jp.
̆ƨShiaS ?D\Wp ̆ƨThiXS D^ahWj D\S ĮiX]h } _hE Tbp 7Wp X]h½a^Rj]
ƥ]aƨThXW XƚViS \hN° 8b^° ĮiX]h z _hE Yh`aah\h 5 8abp
\pdd½ ̆jah _p\jWpͫd ?_?_Xj Ďh^h \pdd½ N. 8^. ?dsdj?ͫdWj ̆ƨShiaS ?D\Ws X]h½a^Rj] 7d^ 8Dh^Rj 7Ɵ]hd (EIA) D^ah \hN° iW\ȰD5l D^ah\h 5 8ap_ Jp.
7́p WҭVWj] Jp D° \p_h\h9W Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW, YWs_ Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW 7Wp
Ȼ^]hk Ys\h½ƣPeh:P ^°LjW (djƛTpND BF±WjD D°i\D_) ȵ k5 ̆ƨShiaS ;ƗXhUW EIA
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 1 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
WsNYD°bW-zxx~ Wh ia[hF-}(?Y)\h 5 8ap Jp. Sȳu ;X^hS5 ?D\Wj KƊ]h ɅISl
BČsFD iaƨSh^Wj Zeh^ Jp 7Wp ɅISl X^]sKWh z} ȩlW zxy|Wh WsNYD°bW ̆\hRp
WhWh Xh]hWh BČsFD ?D\ ӔSF½S 8aSs WTj SpTj MoEF&CC (Ministry Of
Environment, Forest & Climate Change), Waj Uƣe XhdpTj X]h½a^Rj] \ȩ5 l^
(Environmental Clearance) \p`aahWj KĮ^]hS ^e_° Jp. 8 ̆D]hWh [hF ĮXp
X]h½a^Rj] _sDɅWhaRjk ? Ĥe^Wh\h° ̆\hRp STh ?ǛXN½ ?̆h:L_ D\jN (9ƛPƨ˼-z)
? ȻiWNWk p 8Xp_h TOR ̆\hRp D^ah\h 5 8abp.
X]h½a^R 7d^ 8Dh^Rj 7Ɵ]hd (Environmental Impact Assessment Study) PdpƠZ^ zxy Tj Y°ʢ8^k zxy U^i\]hW D^ah\h 5 8ap_ Jp. X]h½a^Rj] GNDs Ȑah D°
(8dXhd Wj eah, XhRj, K\jW, ƚaiW, aWƨXiSB 7Wp ̆hRjB) Ȑ ̆ƨShiaS ?D\Tj
7d^ Xh\j bD° Sp\ Jp, SpWs 7Ɵ]hd D^ah\h 5 8ƥ]s Jp. ̆ƨShiaS ?D\Wp D°ƛ̃\h 5 _:Wp yx D\j. íԌ]hWh aȱ`hDh^½k iaƨSh^Wp 7Ɵ]hidS ëṕ S^D° Wï D^ah\h 5 8ap_ Jp.
8dXhdWh 10 D\j íԌ]hWh iaƨSh^Wj ȺƉ]k _hëRDShB WjIp ̆\hRp Jp.
˲\hD5 ȺƉ]k _hëRƈShB aR½W y ̆ƨShiaS ?D\ȵ k5 ƨThW da± W.5 – ||/y XqD {/z,?Y_ ia˼Yh:PWj Zhȩk\h,5 Fh\:- XjX`, ShɀDsk 7Wp ĥƣ_s:- \s^Zj, ȤK^hSk ^hK] z 7ëhb5 – ^°Ehb5 7ëhb5 :- zz0}y’}.||”N ^°Ehb5 :- x0}y’{x.|”E { ShX\hW y.°dp. Tj {{.°dp. (d^°^hb) | dȺ̃jk ƨS^Wh d^°^hb | \jN^ } ahicD a^dhU }z.x \j.\j (d^°^hb) WĥD ȵ k5 ^°ƣap ƨN°bW WL^ZhF ^°ƣap ƨN°bW – }.~ D\j in South WĥD ȵ k5 ?^XsN½ ^hKDsN ?^XsN½ – ~y.|y D\j in South WĥD ȵ k5 be^° \s^Zj- }.| D\j in SW yx WĥD ȵ k5 Fh\ U^Zh^FQ - x.~ D\j in SE yy WĥDWs ^hԌ] 7Wp ^hƧ˼] ƨN°N eh:ap {zy – x.y D\j in ESE
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 2 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
˲\hD5 ȺƉ]k _hëRƈShB aR½W Vs^\hF½ WpbW_ eh:ap ? - x.| D\j in WSW y{ WĥDWh K\jW X^Wh XhRjWh \ƍĠ WU – {.yx D\j in WSW ĘsS y| WĥDWh ^hƧ˼] ;XaW - yx D\j íK]h\h 5 WTj. ȤPE^k 7[]h^Ɩ] KF_j5 ̆hRjB \hN°ȵ k5 – {~.}z D\j in NNE
7Ɵ]h^Ɩ] y} WĥDWh 8^ëjS aW iaƨSh^ XhWp_j 8^ëS aW iaƨSh^ – .y{ D\j in ESE
2. eahȵ 5k X]h½a^R (Air Environment) :-
̆aS½\hW 8dXhdWj eahWj (Ambient Air) ȤRaĂhk ĤRah \hN° ̆ƨShiaS ?D\Wh
ƨT`Tj yx D\j íԌ]hWh aȱ`hDh^½k iaƨSh^\h 5 7_F 7_F ƨT`pTj PdpƠZ^ zxy
Tj Y°ʢ8^k zxy U^i\]hW WȺWhl _:Wp SpWj IDhdRj D^ah\h 5 8aj eSj. eahWj
ȤRaĂhk Wï D^ah \hN°Wh ƨT`Wj XdUFj5 ahȻbhĘk , CPCB Wj \hF½UibDh 7Wp WĥDWj
̆hƜS ɅiaVhBWhk 8Vh^° Wï D^°_ eSj. eahWj ȤRaĂhk Wï D^ah \hN° XhND_ \pN^
(PM10 & PM2.5), dƣY^ Ph]sDdh:P (SO2), Wh:˼sKW Ph]sDdh:P (NO2), CO 7Wp VOC
Wj IDhdRj D^ah\h 5 8aj eSj.
ȐWh X^Rh\s WjIpWh N°Z_\h 5 Ubh½ƥ]h ȺKZk Jp.
ƨT` X^Rh\ (98th Xd±ƛNh9_)
PM.5 PM SO NO ̆sȐƈN dh:N }x.{ y.} y|.| z.{ XjX` z.} ~z.z~ yx. zx. V^\ȶ^k {z.}~ ~x.x yz.~y z}. Wah dhȳk `Dh {}. ~}.~ y}.xy z{.x} dWh`h {x.~y }~.~x y{.y zz.}x Zp_h ^5FX^ {y.{} }}.x .}{ zx.}
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 3 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
ƨT` X^Rh\ (98th Xd±ƛNh9_)
PM.5 PM SO NO \s^Zj {.} ~.|y y}.z| z~.y~ ȥȬ5k 5k {{.~} ~y.{} yy.~ y.y| ƨajDh]½ \]h½Uh 60 սg/m3 100 սg/m3 0 սg/m3 0 սg/m3 WҭV: CO:NotDetected;VOC:BelowDetectableLimit 8dXhdWj eahWh X^Rh\ X^Tj Sh^R DhQ bDh] D° eahWj ȤRaShk WpbW_ ?ƠZj]N5
?^ ƈas_jNWh Vh^hVs^R ȺKZk Jp. eahWh ̆ȳlcRWs ȺƉ]k ĘsS Ij\Wj \hTj5 WjD`Sh Ɲɀ l Fpd ;ƗdȒW D° Ȑ ƨN\ Zs:_^
7Wp Ti\D ƝƣȻPk eN^, D. G. Set \hTj5 iWD`Ss ȴ\hPsk Jp.
Zh]s-Ds_/Ds_ds Z`SR S^D° ahX^ah\h 5 8abp ȐWj KĮ^]hS y.z \p. NW/Uad
^eb° p. d[iaS5 Zeh^ iWD`Sh ̆ȳlcDs PM, SO & NO ebp ȐWh ahSha^R\h 5 ]sƊ] Y°_ha \hN° Ij\Wj Wj X]h½ƜS ӘIh: ^hEah\h 5 8abp ƨN\ Zs:_^ dhTp eah ̆ȳlcR iW]́D5 S^D° \ƣN dh]ƈ_sW dpX^°N^ 7Wp ZpF-YƣN^ _Fhaah\h 5 8abp. Ԍ]h^° D. G. SET D° Ȑ Xha^ DN aESp aX^hbp Sp\h 5 Z`SR S^D° PL_ ahX^ah\h 5 8abp 7Wp Ɲɀ l Fpd ;ƗdȒW XR iW]S Vh^hVs^Rs ȺKZk ^eb° p SpTj D. G. Set \hN° eah ̆ȳlcR iW]́D5 KĮ^ WTj.
{. K` X]h½a^R (Water Environment):-
ȹF[l ½ K` Sp\K K\jW X^Wh XhRjWh WȺWhBWjl ȤRaĂhk X^ëR X^Tj Sh^R DhQ bDh] D° 7Ɵ]hidS iaƨSh^ ȵ k5 ȹF[l ½ K` Sp\K K\jW X^ȵ k5 XhRj Ȣmic ̆ɂiĂm deS ƨThiWD ̆ɂiĂm \hN° ]sƊ] Jp. D°N_hD ƨT`sWh ȹF[l ½ K` Wh XhRjWh WȺWhB\hl 5 Pes`hb, Eh^hb, DORSh, \pƊWpib]\ 7Wp ƈ_s^h9ͭd Sp\K K\jW X^Wh XhRjWh WȺWhB\hl 5 Pes`hb, DORSh 7Wp Eh^hb aȴ k \h́h\h 5 Ksah \`p_ Jp Sp idah] ȹF[l ½ K` Sp\K K\jW X^ȵ k5 XhRj Xjah_h]D XhRjWj ȤRaĂhWhk Vh^hVs^Rs (89.?d. yx}xx) Wj ȺKZk Jp.
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 4 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
XhRjWj KĮ^]hS:-
̆ƨShiaS X^]sKWh \hN° XhRjWs Ȣk_ aX^hb y| D_s_jN^/Uad ^eb° p Ȑ\hTj5
G^FƘȲ k aX^hb \hN° y.z D_s_jN^/ Uad ȐNɀ k5 XhRj aX^hbp Ԍ]h^° BČsFD aX^hb
\hN° z.z D_s_jN^/ Uad ȐNɀ k5 XhRj Sp\K ˴jW ZpƣN Pa_sX\° pƛN \hN° yx.~
D_s_jN^/ Uad ȐNɀ k5 XhRj aX^hbp. ̆ƨShiaS X^]sKWh \hN° KĮ^ XhRj Zs^ap_
Ďh^h \p`aah\h 5 8abp.
FUhXhRjWs5 ;U[a 7Wp FUhXhRjWs5 iWDh_:-
̆ƨShiaS X^]sKWh \hTj5 y.y D_s_jN^/Uad ȐNɀ k5 G^FƘȲ k Fȳ5 k XhRj ;U[abp. 8
G^FƘȲ k FUh5 XhRjWs iWDh_ dsƈXjN djƨN\ Ďh^h D^ah\h 5 8abp.
̆ƨShiaS X^]sKWh\h 5 Ȣk_ y.| D_s_jN^/Uad ȐNɀ k5 BČsFD Fȳ5 k XhRj Zs:_^
ƞ_sPh;W, Ȣk_ӄF Nha^ XȒ, 8^.B. ^ȐDN, ;ƗXhUW ̆D]h 7Wp asbӄF Ȑaj ̆D]hB
\hTj5 iWD`bp SpWp ?Dȭk5 D^ 7Wp :NXj\h 5 ˼N\pƛN 8Xah\h 5 8abp 7Wp ӔS\h 5 8 FUh5
XhRjWp :asX^°N^\h 5 ZhƧXj[aW D^ah\h 5 8abp. 8Tj ;ƗXhUW ̆D]h\hTj5 Ds: Fȳ5 k
XhRj ;U[abp We 7Wp ?D\ Lj^s PƨIhȒ ^eb° p.
4. K\jW X]h½a^R
Dh\Fj^ SZïh U^Ơ]hW eah, XhRj, GWDI^hWh ̆ȳlcRTj K\jW X^ djVj 7Tah
8PDS^ 7d^s Th] Jp. eahWh ̆ȳlcRWp ^sDah \hN° KĮ^ ZVhK XF_h _pah\h 5 8abp ȐTj K\jW X^ Ds: K
8P7d^ Tbp We. Ɯ_hƛNWh Dh\Fj^ SZïh U^Ơ]hW K\jWWj dXhN X^ eahWh iaiaV ̆ȳlcDsWj \h́h (Ground Level Concentration) X^Rh\s Wj IDhdRj X^Tj De bDh] D° K\jW X^ Ds: WҭVWj] 8P7d^ Tbp We.
7́p WҭVWj] Jp D° Fȳ5 k XhRj K\jW X^ JsPah\h 5 8aȱ k5 WTj ȐTj K\jW X^ Ds:
8P7d^ Tbp We.
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 5 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
GW DI^hWp d[h`ah5 , d˴e5 D^ah 7Wp SpWh iWDh_ \hN°Wh U^°D iW]́jS5 XF_hB
_pah\h 5 8abp ȐTj GW DI^hWp Dh^Rp K\jW X^ Ds: 8P7d^ Tbp We.
}. ƚaiW X]h½a^R :-
7Ɵ]hidS ëṕ\h 5 ̆aS½\hW ƚaiWȵ k5 \hXU5P DhQah \hN° 7_F- 7_F ƨT`p GҭGhNWj
IDhdRjWh D^ah\h 5 8aj eSj. ȐWh X^Rh\s WjIp ̆\hRp Jp.
˲\hD5 ƨT` GҭGhNȵ k ƨS^ (Leq)indBA GҭGhNȵ k ƨS^ (Leq)indBA (Uad U^Ơ]hW) (^h́j U^Ơ]hW) \hXW ƨajDh]½ \]h½Uh \hXW ƨajDh]½ \]h½Uh
1 ̆sȐƈN dh:N }7.7 7} {.2 70
2 XjX` 4.6 }} {7.{ 4}
{ V^\ȶ^k 4{. }} {4.{ 4}
4 Wah dhȳk `Dh }1. }} {{.2 4}
} bWh`h }0.7 }} 40.1 4}
6 Zp_h ^5FX^ }4.6 }} 4{. 4}
7 \s^Zj }}.0 }} }}.} 4}
ȥȬ5k k 4}.1 }} {}. 4}
7Ɵ]hdWh iaƨSh^Wh 7ahK ƨS^Wj U°E^°EWh X^Rh\s KRhap Jp D° aheWsWh I`a`Wp
Dh^Rp \s^Zj EhSp ^híWs GҭGhNWs ƨS^ ƨajDh]½ \]h½Uh D^Sh aVh^° Jp.
7ƛ] ƨT`s? GҭGhNWh ƨS^Wp ƨajDh]½ \]h½UhWj ӔU^ Ksah \`p Jp.
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 6 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
6. dh\hĥD-8iTD X]h½a^R:- dh\hĥD 7T½ƥ]ƥƨThWs 7Ɵ]hd ? X]h½a^R 7d^ 8Dh^Rj 7Ɵ]hd \hN°Wj ȣZl K
\eƗaWj iaFS Jp. 8 Dh^Rd^ 7Ɵ]hidS ëṕ\h 5 dh\hĥD 7T½ƥ]ƥƨThWj \heSj ȐajD° aƨSjȵ k5 ̆\hR, Dh\Fj^Ws ̆Dh^ aFp^° ĥƣ_h aƨSjFRS^ ȶƨSDh\hk Tj5 \p`ap_ Jp.
̆ƨShiaS X^]sKWhWp Dh^Rp Ȣk_ 10 ȐN_h Ȣkb` 7Wp ZW-Ȣkb` Dh^F^sWp djVj ^Sp ^sKFh^ ̆hƜS Tbp. ̆ƨShiaS X^]sKWhWp Dh^Rp 8PDS^ ^Sp Ȑaj D° aheWƥơaeh^, ȳk DhWs\h 5 aFp^°\h 5 ^sKFh^Wj SDs ;[j Tbp.
8 Ɯ_hƛNWj Dh\Fj^ \hN° KĮ^ _hFp Ɨ]h 5 ƨThiWD _sDsWj Sp\Wj Ȣkb`ShWh 8Vh^°
XdUFj5 D^ah\h 5 8abp. 8ȩkZhȩkWh iaƨSh^\h 5 VVhWj5 ;Əԍa` SDsWp Dh^Rp Ɨ]hWh5
ƨThiWD _sDsWj 8iTD X^ƨTSj ɅV^bk p 7Wp SpTj ?D\Wp Dh^Rp eDh^hƗ\D 7d^ Tbp.
8ȩkZhȩkWh iaƨSh^\h 5 dhë^Sh, 8^sƊ] 7Wp ^eRjD^Rj\h° 5 ɅVh^sk Tbp.
7. ȑa X^ƨTSj 7Wp ȑa iaiaVSh bhĘ:-
7Ɵ]hidS ëṕWs iaƨSh^ ȺƉ]Ɨak p EpSj_h]D K\jW V^hap Jp. 8 iaƨSh^\h 5 aWƨXiS
7Wp ̆hRj-XëjBWj iaiaVSh ZɆ k BJ Ksah \`p_ Jp.
7Ɵ]hidS ëṕ\h 5 ƨThiWD aWƨXiSWj ̆ĤiSB ȐajD° Zha`,ӕZ_j, D^5K, Ȥ_\es^k ,
_\Ps, idd\ 7Wp F^\h`s Ksah \`p_ Jp. ZhK^, ȩkah^, G;5 7Wp Uap_h 7Ɵ]hidS
ëṕWh ȺƉ]k EpSj_h]D XhDs Jp.
7Ɵ]hidS ëṕ\h 5 dh\hƛ] ^Sp U°EhSh XëjB\h 5 _j_s XS^5Fs, ȸ_ȸk _k , Ds]_, D_D_j]s, XsXN, bD^s ZhK, ZF_s, Dh` DhDRdh^5 7Wp DȸS^l Ksah \`p Jp. 7Ɵ]hidS iaƨSh^\h 5 Xh_ȱ k5 ̆hRjB ;X^hS5 Ȑ KF_j5 dƨSW ̆hRjB Ksah \`p_ eSh 5 Sp\h 5 iW_Fh], bhɆPk , ib]h`, Ws`]s, eh:Wh 7Wp KF_j5 Ʌa^Wsk d\hapb Th] Jp.
. ds_jP apƨN \pWpK\pƛN :-
T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 7 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
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T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 8 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
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T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 9 M/s. Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A,
Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
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T. R. Associates (Ahmedabad) Executive Summary - Gujarati NABET Accredited 10 CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 1
INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preamble
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP is proposed unit which intends to manufacture Resins (Phenol Formaldehyde, Melamine Formaldehyde & Urea Formaldehyde) at Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District : Morbi-363642. Production details are given below;
Table 1.1: Details of Proposed Product
Capacity Chemical Sr. Name of per name of CAS No. End use of the products No. Product Month product Used as a bonding agent in the production of insulation, plywood, and Phenol other building materials; Phenol 2-methoxy-6- 9033- 1. Formaldehyde 200 MT Formaldehyde used in moulded methylphenol 35-4 Resin products to make automotive parts, electrical components, and laminated surfaces. Melamine resins are used for the 1,3,5-triazine- Melamine manufacture of kitchenware, laminates, 2,4,6-triamine, 9003- 2. Formaldehyde 50 MT overlay materials, particleboards, and polymer with 08-1 Resin floor tiles. It is also used to crosslink formaldehyde many industrial thermosetting coatings. Used as a raw material in adhesives and sealant chemicals, Used as an Urea intermediate in manufacturing of formaldehyde 9011- 3. Formaldehyde 50 MT agricultural chemicals (non-pesticide), it ; urea 05-6 Resin was commonly used for producing electrical appliances casing (e.g. desk lamps).
1.2 Purpose of the EIA Report Industrial development in India has increased economic growth and improved living standards of people. These growths are achieved through industrialization, infrastructure development. The industrialization has played a major role in development of the country. This industrialization has many other benefits. Although the industrial development leads to rapid consumption of natural resources, fuel etc. in day to day operational activity. These will deteriorate
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.1 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
resources and increase emissions of waste in terms of solid, liquid and gas. To control the pollutions from industrial activity, government has framed regulations which are governed by Ministry of Environment and Forest in India.
It may be noted that intermediate products (Resins) namely Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin (being synthetic organic chemicals) which is to be manufactured falls under Category 5(f) as stated in Environment Impact Assessment Notification Published on 14th September, 2006. Further, the location of proposed project is outside the notified industrial estate. Hence, project proponent has to obtain the Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment & Forests & Climate Change, New Delhi.
As per requirements of the notification, an application was submitted to MoEF&CC on 27-11-2017 along with Form-1, PFR and draft TOR. The proposal was considered by the MoEF&CC, New Delhi in 23rd EAC meeting organized on 3rd May 2017. Subsequently the Committee has issued the TOR wide letter No. IA-J- 11011/556/2017-IA II (I) dated 14th January, 2018. Based on the TOR points issued by MoEF, a Draft Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared covering all aspects of the TOR.
The purpose of the preparation of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report is not only to obtain Environment Clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forests & Climate change, Govt. of India, New Delhi, but also to understand the present environment of the project site along with its surroundings and to provide Environment Protection measures to the likely impacts during and after commissioning of the project. 1.3 Promoters and their background
Table 1.2: Promoters and their background Sr. Name Address Age Education Experience No. Vipul 302, Dhanvi 36 B.Com Business – 5 1 Shivlalbhai Appartment, Nr. Umiya Years Patel Detroja Chowk, Ravapar Road, Morbi Vipul 35 B.Com 309, Akshardham Business – 4 Dhanjibhai Appartment, Anupam Years 2 Dadhaniya Society, Ravapar Road, Morbi Rajkot, Morbi
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.2 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Milankumar C 25 HSC Business – 4 3 Lilapar, Rajkot Detroja years Gopalbhai Shivam Society, nr. 48 M.A., B.ed Business – 6 4 Lakhmanbhai P.G.Clock, Shanala Road, Years Panara Morbi, Rajkot Shirvi Opp. GEB Office, 59 HSC Business – 7 5 Dhanjibhai Saktasanala, Rajkot, Years Becharbhai Morbi Detroja 302, Dhanvi Apartment, 35 B.ed House wife Pravinaben V. 6 Narsang Society, Nr. Umiya Chowk, Ravapar Road, Morbi Ravjibhai A 61 SSC Business – 4 202, Aastha Apartment, 7 Surani Years Panchvati Society Detroja 60 HSC Business – 4 8 Shamjibhai Lilapar, Rajkot Years Naranbhai
1.4 Need of the Project & Its Importance to the Country. The cost of proposed Resin unit is approximately Rs. 85 Lakhs. Proposed unit will manufacture synthetic organic resins namely Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin with total production of 300 MT/Month which will be utilized for captive consumption for making laminated sheets as well as for sale purposes.
Phenolic resin is found in many of the industrial products. Phenolic laminates are made by impregnating one or more layers of a base material such as paper, fiberglass or cotton with phenolic resin and laminating the resin-saturated base material under heat and pressure.
Melamine resin is a hard, thermosetting plastic material made from melamine and formaldehyde by polymerization. It is then used to cross-link with alkyd, epoxy, acrylic, and polyester resins, used in surface coatings. Melamine resin is often used to saturate decorative paper that is laminated under heat and pressure and then pasted onto particle board; the resulting panel is often called melamine and commonly used in ready-to-assemble furniture and kitchen cabinets. Urea Formaldehyde is used in many manufacturing processes like decorative laminates, textiles, paper, foundry sand molds, wrinkle resistant fabrics, cotton blends, rayon due to its useful properties. It is also used to glue wood together. Urea formaldehyde was commonly used when producing electrical appliances casing.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.3 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
In India, especially in Gujarat good quality raw materials are available at cheap rates, enabling the manufacturing at low cost. This increases the profit margin as compared to other players in the world. To meet the current and future market demand, the project proponent intends to start a new unit.
The proposed project will contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in the form of GST for inter-state movement, corporate taxes etc. Indirect contribution to the Central & State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of trucks, income tax from individual as well as taxes from associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in developing the area. Demand of the products in foreign market is also significant, which will boost the export potential of the company as well as country. Export oriented units plays vital role in development of economy as well as local physical infrastructure for further boosting of industrial development with sustainable approach as the industries need to maintain good environment & safety condition to get better foreign market. 1.5 Location of the Proposed Project & Siting Criteria The proposed site is located at Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi-363642, Gujarat.
Fig.: 1.1 Location of the Project site
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.4 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Node Latitude Longitude A 22°51'58.02"N 70°51'27.29"E B 22°51'58.17"N 70°51'29.92"E C 22°51'59.08"N 70°51'33.42"E D 22°51'57.08"N 70°51'34.00"E E 22°51'56.94"N 70°51'33.48"E F 22°51'56.75"N 70°51'33.53"E G 22°51'56.02"N 70°51'26.93"E The project site is in proximity of Morbi District of Gujarat State and Project proponent is very well familiar with the surrounding environment & laminate sheet & resin production; Therefore, it becomes easy for the unit to set up the project on the above said location. The proposed unit, apart from generating direct and indirect employment and various business opportunities, it will bring an overall up-liftment of the area and will ultimately result in complete socio-economic and infrastructure development. The other features are briefly summarized hereunder: x Availability of adequate land of 10,750 m2. x Availability of all basic facilities like infrastructure, communication, transportation, medical facilities, fuel, water, power, unskilled & skilled manpower, raw materials, road network etc. x Proximity of market; x Nearest city Morbi is 5.48 km away from the project site and very well connected with other parts of the country by road & rail; x Proximity to availability of raw materials, consumer centers and infrastructure facilities like power, water, communication; x No R & R will be required; x No national park or wildlife Habitats falls within 10 km radial distance from project site. The location of project is best suited to start the proposed activities. So no alternative for site is analyzed The sitting criteria as per the guidelines are given in the following table;
Table 1.3: Sitting Criteria
Details Requirement Compliance Forest No forest land shall be converted No forest land is involved in the into non-forest activity for the proposed project site sustenance of the industry (Ref: Forest Conservation Act, 1980).
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.5 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Details Requirement Compliance Agricultural land No prime agricultural land shall be Proposed project site is utilizing converted into industrial site. for manufacturing laminated sheets. NA permission is procured for the proposed project. It is attached as Annexure – 2. Layout Enough space should be provided The total acquired land is 10,750 for storage area, plant area, m2. Enough space will be greenbelt area, Utilities, Raw provided according to the material storage, Fly ash, other requirement. This can be verified storage like solid wastes so that from the Lay-out given in these could be available for Chapter-2. possible reuse. Major settlements At the time of siting of the Nearest Major habitation is (3,00,000 population): industry, if the notified limit of any Morbi which is about 5.48 km far major settlement is found to be from the project site in SW within 50 km from the project direction boundary, the spatial direction of growth of the settlement for at least a decade must be assessed. Ecologically / Preferably 5 km depending on the Paneli reserved forest at a Sensitive zones geo-climatic conditions the distance 9.13 km in ESE requisite distance may be decided direction. appropriately by the Environmental agency. Transport/ Preferably 0.5 km. away from National Highway 8A is at 0.74 Communication highway and railway line. km distance from the project site System in WSW direction. State highway 321 is at 0.81 km distance from the project site in ESE direction. Nazarbag railway station is 5.66 km in S direction from the project site. Coastal areas Preferably ½ km away from high There is no coastal area within 10 tide line (HTL). km radius from the project site Flood plain of the Preferably ½ km away from flood Machchhu River is @ 3.10 Km in river line system plain or modified flood plain WSW direction from the project affected by dam in upstream or site. flood control system.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.6 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
1.6 Scope of the EIA Study
The scope of the EIA study is based on the guideline provided by Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF & CC), Government of India for structure of environmental impact assessment document. The scope of the study broadly includes: x Field sampling of environmental attributes at various representative locations in the study area to establish the baseline status. x Collect, compile & assess secondary data including socioeconomic data. x Identification, assessment and evaluation of the beneficial and adverse impacts on surrounding environment due to proposed project activities considering the existing baseline status along with compilation of other information. x Analysis of project proposal and data analysis. x Assessment of pollution potential due to proposed project. x Predict the incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed project. x Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes by using scientifically developed and widely accepted models. x Identification and assessment of risks associated with the proposed project and their appropriate management through proper Risk Assessment (RA) and Disaster Management Plan (DMP). x Prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the predicted impacts. x Identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored during the project execution and to suggest post project monitoring.
As per the guidelines, the Generic structure of EIA is given in EIA notification dated 14th September, 2006 and subsequent amendments are maintained. The scope of baseline environment study based on MoEF / CPCB guidelines is tabulated below;
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.7 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Table 1.4: Scope of the Study
Environmental No. of Observations Attributes Locations Meteorology 1 Hourly observations for Temperature, Relative Humidity, Wind direction, wind speed & Rain fall during 3 month study period using Automatic Weather Station at project site.
AAQ 8 AAQ parameters PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO and VOC have been monitored. Water 15 Surface water samples were collected from Macchu river (Upstream), Macchu river (Downstream), Ghuntu pond, Talaviya Sanala, Bela Rangpar, Timbadi Pond, Nava sadulka pond. Ground water samples were collected from 8 locations including project site. Samples have been analyzed for Parameters as per IS: 10500. Noise 8 Day and night noise levels was measured once at each location Soil 8 Soil samples were taken from all the location and have been analyzed for pH, EC & other parameters Ecology Flora-Fauna & Major flora was enumerated and the possibility Ecosystem habitation for important species in the site. Fauna was listed based on the secondary information. Socio-economic Demography & Secondary data for demography, Occupation, literacy data Occupational and amenities have been considered for villages fall in details the 10 km study area from the project site and the data has been taken from Census 2011.
1.7 Regulatory Frame Work
The proposed project is of synthetic organic manufacturing unit; hence the regulatory framework related with the hazardous or toxic chemicals as well as regulatory provision of risk, emergency & safety management are applicable to the proposed project. The regulatory provision related with hazardous material handling, manufacturing, storage & transportation are also applicable to the proposed project. The unit will have potential of pollution and also attracts the provisions of EIA notifications 2006 - SO 1533 (as amended). Thus, the proposed project may be required to comply with many regulatory provisions.
The proponent shall follow the regulatory frame work as listed below and additional applicable provision shall also be referred timely as cited as mandatory provision for
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.8 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat. proposed project. In any case, proponent shall comply with the regulatory provision as directed through particular regulatory provision. The major regulatory provisions applicable to the existing & proposed project are tabulated as under.
Sr. Legal Instrument (Type, Ref., Year) Concern Authority or Bodies 1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Act, 1981 amended 1987 2 Water (Prevention and Control of CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Pollution) Act, 1974 amended 1988 3 Water (Prevention and Control of CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Pollution) Rules, 1975 4 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, Ministry of Environment and Forests, & amended 1991 & Environmental Climate Change, CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC. (Protection) Rules, 1986 (Amendments in 1999, 2001,2002, 2002, 2002, 2003, 2004) 5 Hazardous Waste (Management and MoEF & CC , CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, DGFT, Handling) Rules, 1989 amended 2000, Port Authority and Customs Authority 2003and 2008 6 Manufacture Storage and Import of Ministry of Environment & Forests & Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 Climate Change, Chief Controller of amended 2000 Imports and Exports, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, Chief Inspector of Factories, Chief Inspector of Dock Safety, Chief Inspector of Mines, AERB, Chief Controller of Explosives, District Collector or District Emergency Authority, CEES under DRDO 7 Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, CCG, SCG, DCG, LCG and MAH Units Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996
8 EIA Notification, 2006 as amended timely MoEF, SPCB/UTPCC (2009, 2011) 9 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 Ministry of Environment & Forests, District amended 1992 & Public Liability Collector Insurance Rules, 1991amended 1993 10 Factories Act, 1948 Ministry of Labour, DGFASLI and Directorate of Industrial Safety and Health/Factories Inspectorate 11 The Explosive Act ,1884 Ministry of Commerce and Industry (Department of Explosives) 12 Chemical Accident (Emergency Planning, Ministry of Environment & Forests & Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996 Climate Change, Chief Controller of Imports and Exports, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, Chief Inspector of Factories, Chief Inspector of Dock Safety, Chief Inspector of Mines,
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 1: Introduction NABET Accredited 1.9 M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
AERB, Chief Controller of Explosives, District Collector or District Emergency Authority, CEES under DRDO. 13 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC Rules, 2000 and its amendments
T. R. Associates was appointed by M/s. Priva Laminates LLP to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment study for their proposed Green Field project.
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PROJECT DESCRIPTION Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Preamble
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP is proposed unit which intends to manufacture Resins (Phenol Formaldehyde, Melamine Formaldehyde & Urea Formaldehyde) at Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District : Morbi-363642, Gujarat. Resin will be used for manufacturing laminated sheets and sale purpose. Proposed production of resins will be of 300 MT/Month (Phenol Formaldehyde – 200 MT/M, Melamine Formaldehyde – 50 MT/M & Urea Formaldehyde resin – 50 MT/M).
The proposed project is a unit which proposes to manufacture products covered under Category 5(f) ‘A’ as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of Environment & Forest & Climate Change (MoEF & CC) dated 14/09/2006 & their amendment.
2.2 Site History
Earlier our project site was utilized for Agricultural purpose since so many years. Cotton and wheat was cultivated predominately on this project site. NA was already obtained for this project site. So the project site is totally non-agricultural. Land documents like Dastavej copy with NA permission are attached as Annexure – 2.
2.3 Project Location
Proposed project site is located at Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, and Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi-363642, Gujarat. GPS coordinates of the site is situated at Latitude: 22°51'57.44"N and Longitude: 70°51'30.74"E. Nearest major city is Morbi which is about 5.48 km far from the project site in SW direction. National Highway 8A is about 0.74 km from the project site in WSW direction.
The index map is given in Figure 2.1. Google map showing surrounding area in 10 km, 5 km & 1 km radius from project site is given in Figure 2.2. Google image & topomap showing proposed project site is given as Figure 2.4 A & Figure 2.4 B respectively. Google map showing surrounding area in 500 m radius from project site is given in Figure 2.3.
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Figure 2.1: Index Map
India map Gujarat Map
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Figure 2.2: Google Image showing surrounding 1,5,10 Km radius area from the Proposed Project Site
N
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
Figure 2.3: Google image showing surrounding 500 m radius area from the proposed project site
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Figure 2.4 A: Google Image showing Proposed Project Site
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
Point Latitude Longitude A 22°51'58.02"N 70°51'27.29"E B 22°51'58.17"N 70°51'29.92"E C 22°51'59.08"N 70°51'33.42"E D 22°51'57.08"N 70°51'34.00"E E 22°51'56.94"N 70°51'33.48"E F 22°51'56.75"N 70°51'33.53"E G 22°51'56.02"N 70°51'26.93"E
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Figure 2.4 B: Topomap showing Proposed Project Site
Source: Survey of India Topomap
Project Site
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.3.1 Photographs of Proposed Project Site
First meeting of Associate EIA - Coordinator is done at the project site. Site visit photograph is given below:
Latitude: 22°51'57.44"N Longitude: 70°51'30.74"E
Visit date: 31-10-2017
Fig. 2.5 Photograph of site visit
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.3.2 Justification of Site Selection
Proposed unit is to be located at Pipli Village, in Morbi Taluka and site selection was guided by many factors like infrastructure, availability of land, water sources, fuel, transportation, power availability etc. Specific site selection criteria for the proposed project are given below;
The project site is highly developed with all basic infrastructure facilities such as proximity to man power, electricity, water supply, transportation, telecommunication systems etc. as well development of many different types of industries in area. Proposed project site is only 0.74 km away from National Highway 8A & 0.81 km away from State Highway 321 which is well connected to Ahmedabad and rest of India. It is shown in Figure 2.3. The project site is intended for the industrial purpose and thus no displacement of population will take place. This proximity facilitates the import of raw materials as well export of the finished products. There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco-sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act- 1986 exists within 10 Km radius areas from the project site. Availability of trained and skilled manpower nearby because of the proximity to various industrial areas and village & city. Nearby industries are shown here.
Table 2.0: List of Major Industries near Project Site
Sr. No. Name Of The Industry Manufacturing Activity 1 Affil Vitrified Tiles Vitrified Tiles 2 Jaxx Vitrifier Vitrified Tiles 3 Yashveer Ceramics Ceramics Wall Tiles 4 Artiz Ceramics Ceramics Wall Tiles 5 Digicera Ceramics Ceramics Wall Tiles
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Figure 2.6: Major Industries near proposed project site
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
2.4 Salient features of the Proposed Project Site
Salient features in the surroundings area of the proposed site as well as infrastructure availability with approximate aerial distance and direction are as given below:
Table 2.1: Salient Features of the Proposed Project Site
Sr. Important Features Description No. 1 Location of Proposed Project No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District : Morbi-363642, Gujarat 2 Registered Address No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District : Morbi-363642, Gujarat 3 Partner details Vipul Shivlalbhai Patel Detroja (Partner) Contact No. 9925154954 Vipul Dhanjibhai Dadhaniya (Partner) Contact No. 9825263061 4 Mean Sea Level 47 m 5 Temperature range 19.7 qC to 33.8 qC 6 Annual Rain fall (30 yrs. Avg.) 592 mm
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Sr. Important Features Description No. 7 Nearest power station Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Limited (PGVCL) 8 Nearest Railway station Nazarbag railway station– 5.6 km in S direction 9 Nearest Air Port Rajkot Airport – 61.41 km in South direction 10 Nearest Sea Port Mundra Port @ 138.37 Km in NW direction 11 Nearest Town Morbi – 5.48 km in SW direction 12 Nearest Village Darbar gadh – 0.76 km in SE direction 13 National Highway NH 8A @ 0.74 Km in WSW direction 14 State Highway SH 321 @ 0.81 Km in ESE direction 15 Nearest Surface water Body Macchu River @ 3.10 Km in WSW direction 16 Reserved Forest Paneli reserved forest at a distance 9.13 km in ESE direction. 17 National Parks / Sanctuary Ghudakhar Wild Ass Sanctuary 36.52 km in NNE
2.5 Proposed Project Land & Plant Layout
Proposed project land has already been converted into non agriculture. Total available land area of premises is 10750 m2, out of which 3548 m2 (33 %) area will be developed for greenbelt. Detailed break-up of land area is given in Table 2.2 and Plant Lay-out is shown in Figure 2.7.
Table 2.2: Area Break-up of Proposed Project Site
Sr. No. Units Area (m2) Area (%)
1 Built Up Area 5170 48.09 %
2 Green belt area 3548 33 %
3 Open/Road area 2032 18.91 %
Total 10750 100
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Figure 2.7: Plant Lay-out
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.6 Capital Cost of the Proposed Project
Proposed resin manufacturing unit is a Small Scale Unit having total investment of about Rs. 85 Lakhs. The break-up of the capital cost is given in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3: Cost Break-up of Proposed Project Site
Sr. Particular Cost (INR in Lacs) No. 1 Land & site development 15 2 Building 16 3 Plant & Machineries 25 4 Environment Protection Measures 29 Total 85
2.7 Magnitude of Operation
Looking to the market demand, unit proposes to manufacture various resins require for manufacturing of laminated sheets. Manufacturing of laminated sheets does not require obtaining Environmental Clearance but manufacturing of synthetic organic resins require obtaining Environmental Clearance. These resins will be used for captive consumption as well as for sale purposes. Resin will be sold in domestic market as well as exported. The convenient transportation medium will be used for the transportation of products. Details of proposed products are given below in Table 2.4.
Table 2.4: Details of Proposed Products
Sr. Name of Product Capacity per Month Physical Form No.
1. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 200 MT Semi Solid 2. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 50 MT Semi Solid 3. Urea Formaldehyde Resin 50 MT Semi Solid Total Resin 300 MT
2.8 Manufacturing Process
Manufacturing process including chemical reaction, mass balance and process flow diagram is described below;
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.8.1 Phenol Formaldehyde Resin
a. Manufacturing Process
The manufacturing process is summarized below:
9 Take required quantity of Phenol, Formaldehyde (37%) and Caustic Soda in the reaction vessel and start steam heating until the temperature reaches at 58 °C to 60 °C. 9 Temperature will increase up to 90 °C. Once the temperature reaches up to 90 °C then cut the steam supply. Reflux process will be start at this point to achieve required water tolerance. 9 After achieving required water tolerance, start cooling to decrease temperature up to 60 °C. Once the temperature reach at 60 °C stop cooling and start heating for distillation process for required quantity of resin. 9 After achieving required amount of resins start cooling to obtain final product. Final product will be checked for the properties like viscosity, pH, gel time etc.
b. Chemical Reaction 2, 4 Dihydroxymethyl Benzaldehyde O-hydroxymethyl Benzaldehyde
Phenol
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin
+ Caustic 2, 6 Dihydroxymethyl P-hydroxymethyl Benzaldehyde Benzaldehyde
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
c. Process Flow-Diagram Phenol Formaldehyde 37 % Limped Reaction Vessel Caustic Flakes
Stirring and heating up to 60 qC
Reflux for 30 Minutes
Vacuum Distillation Waste water
Cooling
Product: Phenol Formaldehyde Resin
D. Mass balance
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin (P. F. Resin) 200 MT/Month Batch Size 8000 Kg No. Of Reaction vessel 1 -- Working days per Month 25 days No. of Batches per month 25 Nos. Batch time 6 Hrs. Batches per day 2 Nos.
Particular Kg/Kg of Product MT/Month MT/day Input Phenol 0.438 92.21 3.69 Formaldehyde (37%) 0.567 119.37 4.77 Caustic 0.005 1.05 0.042 Total 1.01 212.63 8.502 Output Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 0.95 200 8 Water 0.06 12.63 0.502 Total 1.01 212.63 8.502
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.8.2 Melamine Formaldehyde Resin - The manufacturing process is summarized below:
a. Manufacturing Process
9 First all the raw materials melamine & formaldehyde (37%) will be added in Limped reaction vessel. 9 Stirring & heating will be done upto 95 qC for 1 Hr. 9 Cooling down to 40 qC. 9 Finally, check viscosity, tolerance, pH, turbidity etc. to obtain desired product property. 9 Melamine Formaldehyde Resin will be ready for use.
b. Chemical Reaction
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
c. Process Flow Diagram
Melamine Formaldehyde Limped Reaction Vessel (37%)
Stirring and Heating up to 95qC for 1 hr
Cooling down to 40qC
Finish Product: Melamine Formaldehyde Resin
d. Mass Balance
Melamine Formaldehyde Resin (M. F. Resin) 50 MT/Month Batch Size 2000 Kg Nos. Of Reaction vessel 1 -- Working days per Month 25 days No. of Batches per month 25 Nos. Batch time 3.0 Hrs. Batches per day 4 Nos.
Particular Kg/Kg of Product MT/Month MT/day Input Melamine 0.4 20 0.8 Formaldehyde (37%) 0.595 29.75 1.19 Caustic 0.005 0.25 0.01 Total 1.0 50 1.2 Output Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 1.0 50 1.2 Total 1.0 50 1.2
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.8.3 Urea Formaldehyde Resin
a. Manufacturing Process
The manufacturing process is summarized below:
9 The polymerization reaction of Urea Formaldehyde Resin takes places in two stages. The first stage is an addition polymerization in which Urea & Formaldehyde (37%) undergo addition reaction, which takes place in neutral or slightly alkaline condition at pH 7.5 to 8.0 at elevated temperature 95 °C to 100°C. 9 Methyl Urea formed in the first stage are allowed to reach further by lowering pH 4 to 6 using Acetic Acid where reaction takes place faster and leads to the formation of long chain polymer. 9 The reaction is allowed to proceed further up to the desired viscosity and the reaction is arrested midway by raising the pH of the resin solution to 7.5 to 8.0 using Caustic Soda and then the reaction is cooled down to the room temperature and stored in sealed container. 9 Check viscosity, tolerance, pH, gel time of the required batch of the resin.
b. Chemical Reaction
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
c. Process Flow Diagram
Urea Limped Reaction Formaldehyde Vessel (37 %)
Acetic Acid pH adjusted to 9
Stirring and Heating up to 95qC for 50 Minutes
Caustic pH adjusted to 9
Cooling
Product: Urea Formaldehyde Resin d. Mass Balance
Urea Formaldehyde Resin (U. F. Resin) 50 MT/Month Batch Size 2000 Kg Nos. Of Reaction vessel 1** -- Working days per Month 25 days No. of Batches per month 25 Nos. Batch time 6 Hrs. Batches per day 2 Nos. ** P. F. Resin Vessel will be used for manufacturing U. F. resin
Particular Kg/Kg of Product MT/Month MT/day
Input Urea 0.395 19.75 0.79 Formaldehyde (37%) 0.595 29.75 1.19 Caustic Flakes 0.005 0.25 0.01 Acetic Acid 0.005 0.25 0.01 Total 1.0 50 2 Output T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 2 : Project Description NABET Accredited 2.17
Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Particular Kg/Kg of Product MT/Month MT/day
Urea Formaldehyde Resin 1.0 50 2 Total 1.0 50 2
2.9 Raw Material & Product Details
For manufacturing of proposed products various raw materials will be required which are listed below in Table 2.5. Mostly all raw materials are available in local market so the purchase will be done from local market. The convenient transportation medium (Truck / Railway) will be used for the transportation of raw materials. Table 2.5: Details of Proposed Raw Materials
Requirement (MT) Sr. Name of Raw of
No. Material (MT) Per (days) Storage Storage Used in Mode of Mode of
Per Day Inventory Capacity of of Capacity storage unit storage Month No. ofUnits Total Storage Total Storage Physical Form Physical Capacity (MT) (MT) Capacity Manufacturing Manufacturing
1 Phenol 92.21 3.69 P. F. Resin Liquid MS Tank 30 1 30 8 119.37 4.77 P. F. Resin 3 Formaldehyde 2 29.75 1.19 M. F. Resin Liquid SS Tank 20 1 20 (37%) 29.75 1.19 U. F. Resin P. F. Resin & HDPE 32 3 Caustic Flakes 0.5 0.02 Solid 25 kg 26 0.65 U. F. Resin Bags HDPE 12 4 Melamine 20 0.8 M. F. Resin Solid 25 kg 400 10 Bags HDPE 13 5 Urea 19.75 0.79 U. F. Resin Solid 25 kg 400 10 Bags 6 Acetic acid 0.250 0.01 U. F. Resin Liquid MS Barrel 0.2 1 0.2 20
Details of Proposed Products Type of Packing / Capacity Physica No. Description Storage/ Mode of Transportation of l Form storage storage Captive consumption & rest Phenol Semi Stored in HDPE 1 will be transported by road, 10 Kl Formaldehyde Resin solid Barrels rail & ship Captive consumption & rest Melamine Semi Stored in HDPE 2 will be transported by road, 10 Kl Formaldehyde Resin solid Barrels rail & ship Captive consumption & rest Urea Formaldehyde Semi Stored in HDPE 3 will be transported by road, 10 Kl Resin solid Barrels rail & ship T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 2 : Project Description NABET Accredited 2.18
Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.10 Requirement of Resources
Resources like power, water, fuel, manpower, plant & machineries, utilities etc. will be required for the proposed project. Details of requirement of such resources for proposed project are described in subsequent sections under respective headings.
2.10.1 Electricity / Power
450 HP load is connected to the proposed industry, which will be procured from Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (PGVCL).
2.10.2 Manpower
About 10 persons, skilled & unskilled will get employment for the operation and maintenance of the proposed project in efficient way. Preference will be given to the local people from nearby villages according to the skill as well requirement. During construction also, there will be requirement of workers. However, the same will be of contractor’s persons and utilized according to the requirements and type of construction activities.
2.10.3 Water
For the proposed project, water will be required for domestic activities, greenbelt development and utility operations. There will not be any requirement of water during manufacturing process of resin. Total water requirement will be 14 KL/day which will be fulfilled by own Borewell / Open well. There is no other source of water envisaged in nearby area.
As per Guidelines of Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), the proposed project site falls in safe – Non – notified area. Unit will procure fresh water from their Borewell / open well. The proposed unit had already done application to obtain NOC from CGWA for use or abstraction of ground water.
2.10.4 Fuel
Fuel will be required for Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater and D. G. Set (Stand-by). Coal / Bio Coal will be used in Boiler as well as in Thermic Fluid Heater and High Speed Diesel (HSD) will be utilized for D. G. Set. Fuel will be purchased from the nearby trader. Details of fuel requirement are given in Table 2.6.
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Table 2.6: Fuel Requirement
Sr. Particular Type of fuel Fuel Requirement No. 1 Steam Boiler (3 TPH) 0.76 MT/day Coal / Bio Coal 2 Thermic Fluid Heater (10 Lac Kcal/hr) 0.53 MT/day 3 D. G. Set (250 KVA) HSD 46.5 Litres/Hr
2.10.5 Plant, Machineries & Utilities
List of plant machineries required for the proposed project is given in Table 2.7. The actual requirements of utilities and machineries & equipment are not limited to the list given below as some additional minor requirements can also be cited depending up on necessity noticed during installation & operations.
Table 2.7: List of Plant, Machineries and Utilities
Sr. Particular Quantity Size / Capacity No. 1 Steam Boiler 1 3 TPH 2 Thermic fluid heater 1 10 Lac Kcal/hr 3 Cooling Tower 2 200 TR & 100 TR 4 D. G. Set 1 250 KVA 5 P. F. Reaction vessel 1 8 MT 6 M. F. Reaction vessel 1 2.5 MT
2.11 Energy Balance
Major equipments to be utilized in proposed unit for thermal energy requirement are Thermic Fluid Heater and Steam Boiler. Thus, energy balance of these both equipments have been carried out and presented below in Table 2.8.
Table 2.8: Energy Balance THERMIC FLUID HEATER Particular Unit Thermic Fluid Heater Installed Capacity Kcal/hr 1000000 Kcal/hr Rated Fuel (Bio Coal / Coal) Kg/day 760 Gross Calorific Value per kg of Fuel Kcal 4000 Moisture content % 10 Efficiency on Gross Calorfic Value % 70 Energy Produced Kcal/day 2128000 Moisture content Kcal/day 212800 Losses through Flue gas 0.4% Kcal/day 8512 T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 2 : Project Description NABET Accredited 2.20
Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Net Energy output Kcal/day 1906688 Production TPD 25.5 Energy consumption per MT production Kcal/MT 74772
STEAM BOILER Particular Unit Steam Boiler Installed Capacity TPH 3 Rated Fuel (Bio Coal / Coal) Kg/day 530 Gross Calorific Value per kg of Fuel Kcal 4000 Moisture content % 10 Efficiency on Gross Calorfic Value % 80 Energy Produced Kcal/day 1696000 Moisture content less 25% Kcal/day 169600 Losses through Flue gas 0.4% Kcal/day 6784 Net Energy output Kcal/day 1519616 Production TPD 25.5 Energy consumption per MT production Kcal/MT 59593
2.12 Pollution Potential And Mitigation Measures
There will be possibility of pollution from the proposed project due to domestic & industrial wastewater generation & disposal; gaseous emission from process, flue gas emission from utilities, fugitive emission, noise & vibration and hazardous waste generation & disposal. The said probable pollutions are described below under respective heading with necessary details and mitigation measures.
2.12.1 Water Pollution
Total fresh water requirement for the proposed project will be 14 KL/day which will be fulfilled by own Borewell / Open well. For domestic activities 1.2 KL/day, for industrial activities 2.2 KL/day & for green belt development 10.6 KL/day water will be required.
Domestic wastewater: Total 1.1 kl/day sewage will be generated which will be disposed into soak pit system.
Industrial wastewater: About 1.74 KL/day effluent will be generated from Boiler, Cooling Tower, RO reject, Washing and Process. However, there will not be any requirement of water in manufacturing activities. About 0.2 KL/day wastewater will be generated from floor washing. About 0.18 KL/day and 0.06 KL/day wastewater will be generated from boiler and cooling tower respectively as blow down. About
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
0.80 KL/day R.O. Reject water will be generated from RO plant. About 0.5 KL/day wastewater will be generated process. Stream-wise water requirement and wastewater generation is given in Table 2.9 and detailed water balance is given in Figure 2.8.
Table 2.9: Stream-wise Water Requirement & Wastewater Generation
Water Wastewater Sr. Particular Stream Requirement Generation No. (KL/day) (KL/day) 1 Domestic activities Fresh Bore well water 1.2 ---
2 Greenbelt development Fresh Bore well water 10.6 ---
Fresh Bore well water 2.0 Industrial activities (RO) 1.04[1] Condensate from 1.2[2] Evaporator 3 Floor washing Fresh Bore well water 0.2 0.2 Resin Process Fresh Bore well water --- 0.51 Boiler Permeate of RO 1.8 0.18 Cooling tower Permeate of RO 0.6 0.06 Total industrial Fresh Bore well water 2.2 1.47 Total (domestic + industrial + Fresh Bore well water 14 1.47 Greenbelt development)
Note: [1] About 0.18 KL/day from Boiler blowdown and 0.06 KL/day from cooling tower blowdown wastewater will be generated and about 0.80 KL/day RO reject will be generated from RO plant which will be sent to ETP followed by evaporator. [2] 1.2 KL/day will be condensate from evaporator which will be sent off to RO to fulfill the requirement.
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Figure 2.8: Water Balance Diagram
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
2.12.1.1 Domestic wastewater (Sewage) Treatment and Disposal
Total 1.1 KL/day sewage will be disposed into soak pit.
2.12.1.2 Industrial wastewater Treatment and Disposal
Details of Effluent Treatment Plant:
x Industrial wastewater will be generated from process, cooling tower, boiler, washing & RO.
x Process & Washing wastewater will be collected in collection tank. Then wastewater will be given Chemical Oxidation treatment.
x After completion of chemical oxidation treatment, wastewater will be taken to Neutralization tank, where neutralization of effluent will take place by addition of utilities wastewater and chemicals.
x Neutralized effluent will be taken to settling tank for chemical sludge separation.
x Supernatant from settling tank will be taken to an Evaporator followed by condenser via holding tank.
x ETP sludge along with evaporation residue from evaporator will be disposed of at TSDF site. Thus, unit will maintain Zero Effluent Discharge.
Table 2.10: Details of Effluent Treatment Plant Units:
3 Name of the units Volume (m ) No. of Unit Collection Tank 2.0 kl 2 Chemical oxidation Treatment Tank 2.0 kl 1 Neutralization Tank 2.0 kl 1 Holding Tank 2.0 kl 2 Settling Tank 2.0 kl 1 3 Evaporator followed by Condenser 0.25 m /hr. 1
Technical details of Evaporator:
Particulars Volume (Liters) Capacity 250 Liters/hr (0.25 m3/hr) Quantity of Effluent to be evaporated 1.74 kl/day Working hours per day 7 hrs
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Schematic flow diagram of ETP is given in Figure 2.9 and Stream-wise effluent quality is given in Table 2.11.
Figure 2.9: Schematic Flow Diagram of Effluent Treatment Plant
Table 2.11: Stream-wise Quality of Effluent
Stream-1 Stream-2 Stream-3 Stream-4 Stream-5 Composite Particular Unit Process Washing Cooling Boiler RO Quantity KL/day 0.5 0.2 0.06 0.18 0.80 1.74 pH -- 3-5 6-7 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 TSS mg/l 100-200 200-300 70-80 70-80 20-30 70-120 TDS mg/l 6000-8000 400-500 2000-2500 2000-2500 2000-2500 2900-3900 15000- 4200-6000 COD mg/l 100-150 40-50 40-50 30-40 20000
2.12.2 Air Pollution
In this proposed unit, flue gas emission will be the main source of air pollution. There will not be any type of process gas emissions during the manufacturing of resins. There will be chances of fugitive emission due to raw material handling and transportation and manufacturing activity. Various potential of air pollution are described below under respective heading.
2.12.2.1 Flue Gas Emission
In the proposed project, flue gas emission will take place from common stack attached to Steam Boiler (3 TPH) and Thermic Fluid Heater (10 Lac Kcal/hr) in which Coal / Bio-coal will be utilized as fuel. There will also a provision of D. G. Set (250 KVA) as a stand-by source to the main power supply. High Speed Diesel (HSD) will be used as fuel in D. G. Set. Unit will provide multi cyclone separator followed by bag filter to the Steam Boiler and Thermic Fluid Heater as an Air Pollution T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad Chapter - 2 : Project Description NABET Accredited 2.25
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Control Measures to control the emission of particulate matter in the flue gas. Adequate stack height will be provided for the proper dispersion of pollutants into atmosphere. The details of flue gas stack & technical specifications of Air Pollution Control Measures are given hereunder in Table 2.12 & Table 2.13.
Table 2.12: Details of Flue Gas Emissions
Stack Sr. Fuel APC Expected Stack attached to Height No. Requirement System Pollutant (m) Multi Cyclone Steam Boiler Coal / Bio- SPM d 150 separator followed by (3 TPH) coal mg/Nm3 1 30 Bag Filter Thermic Fluid Heater 1.29 MT/day SO2 d 100 and adequate stack (10 Lac Kcal/hr) ppm height NOX d 50 2 D.G. set HSD Adequate stack 6.0 ppm (250 KVA) 46.5 L/Hr. height
Table 2.13: Details of Air Pollution Control System
Specification of Bag Filter Filter Bag Details BOILER (TPH) 3 Dia (m) 0.15 TFH(Lac Kcal/Hr) 10 length (m) 3.6 Flow (CFM) 15000 Area (m2) 1.71 A/C ratio 0.017 Area of Filtration 415.59 No. Of Bags 242.35 20% safety Factor 48.47 Final No Of bags 290.82 Insert No of bags in one row 18 Length (m) 4.13 Area (m2) 17.02 Fuel Consumption (MT) 1.29 Inlet Conc. (mg/m3) 402.97 Efficiency 92 Outlet (mg/m3) 32.24
2.12.2.2 Fugitive Emission
Due to raw material handling and transportation and manufacturing activity, there will be chances of fugitive emissions. However, unit will take all the necessary precautions and control measures to take care of the fugitive emissions due to the proposed project: x All the raw materials will be stored in isolated storage area and containers will
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be kept tightly closed. x Entire manufacturing activity will be carried out in closed reactors / vessels and regular checking and maintenance of the same will be carried out to avoid any leakages. x All the motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame proof and provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand-by arrangement. x The control of all parameters on a continuous basis will be done by adequate control valves, pressure release valves and safety valves etc. x All the flange joints of the pipe lines will be covered with flange guards. x The spillages / leakages of specific chemical will be collected and use or it will be drained to effluent treatment plant. x Precautionary measures will be taken while handling various hazardous chemicals. x There will also provision of adequate ventilation system in process plant and hazardous chemical storage area. x A regular preventive maintenance will be planned to replace or rectify all gaskets, joints etc. x TREM card will be provided to the driver during the transportation of Hazardous raw materials/products. x Sufficient information and training regarding characteristics and immediate actions in case of any spillage or accident during transportation of hazardous chemical will be provided to the driver. x The unit will also develop green belt area within the factory premises to control the fugitive emissions from spreading into surrounding environment. x Unit will install portable detection system for hazardous chemical like Phenol, and Formaldehyde in process area. x Moreover, Unit will carry out regular work place monitoring.
2.12.3 Solid / Hazardous Waste
The main source of hazardous waste generation from manufacturing process will be discarded bags, used oil and ETP sludge + evaporation residue. The details of hazardous waste generation and handling / Management are given in Table 2.14. Unit will provide storage area for hazardous wastes having roof, pucca flooring with leachate collection system. Leachate, if any will be collected and treated in effluent
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treatment plant. Unit will take membership of TSDF site after commencement of proposed project.
Table 2.14: Details of Hazardous waste Management
Quantity Sr. Description Category (MT/ Mode of Disposal No. Month) ETP Sludge + Collection, storage and Disposal at 1 Evaporation 35.3 0.88 TSDF Site residue Collection, storage and used within 2 Used Oil 5.1 0.006 premises as a lubricant / sold to registered recycler. Discarded Collection, storage & sell to authorized 3 Plastic bags / 33.1 0.164 vendor Barrels
2.12.4 Noise & Vibration
Noise – unwanted and unpleasant sound. The main source of noise in the proposed plant will be due to the operation of machineries & D.G. set after the proposed project. However, D. G. Set will be kept as standby and no other source of noise and vibration from the proposed manufacturing activity except Plant machineries. However, unit will take following adequate precautionary measure for noise and vibration control;
Latest technology based low noise D.G. set with acoustic enclosures will be installed. The noise generation will be mitigated by installing noise barriers/absorbers around stationery noise sources. Adequate noise control measures such as ant vibration pad for equipment with high vibration will be provided. All the vibrating parts will be checked periodically and serviced to reduce the noise generation. The equipment, which generates excessive noise, will be provided with enclosures etc. Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and equipment to reduce noise generation. Ear muffs/ earplugs will be provided to the workers working under high noise area to minimize the adverse effect on the health. To reduce the noise generation during the transportation activities; the transport contractor will be instructed kept vehicle periodically serviced and maintain as per the requirement of latest trend in automobile industry. Only those vehicles with PUC’s will be allowed for the transportation.
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The transport contractor will be informed to avoid unnecessary speeding of vehicles inside the premises. Noise monitoring will be done regularly at prominent places in the plant. Proposed greenbelt area will help to prevent the noise pollution outside the premises.
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CHAPTER – 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
EIA Methodology for Data Collection
Baseline data collection is the most important chapter of EIA as it provides effective environment monitoring program and impact prediction to develop an efficient environment management plan. In this regard, it is important to observe and understand the ground realities of the site and surrounding habitats or activites by the experts involved in preparation of EIA. Accordingly, a team of expert visited the proposed site and other various locations to understand the site surrounding and possible impacts from the activities of the proposed project. The EIA coordinator in consultation with the respective functional area experts selected the sampling locations as per the TORs prescribed by the EAC.
3.1 Air Environment
Air is the one of the medium in which pollutant Disperse very readily. So, different air pollutants released into the atmosphere have significant impacts on the neighborhood air environment of an industrial project and forms an important part of impact assessment studies. The ambient air quality status with respect to the study zone of 10 km radial distance from the plant site will form the base line information over which the predicted impacts due to the proposed plant can be super imposed to find out the net (Final) impacts on air environment. From the final impacts we can prepare a viable and effective Environmental Management Plan (EMP) based on the impact assessment of the air environment. The baseline status of the ambient air quality can be assessed thorough scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based on the following considerations.
x Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale. x Topography of the study area. x Representation of regional background levels. x Representation of plant site. x Representation of cross sectional distribution in the downward direction. x Influence of the existing sources if any, are to be kept at minimum. x Inclusion of major distinct villages to collect the baseline status. x Villages having large population and near to the plant site.
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3.1.1 Micrometeorological Data
Micro-meteorological data within the project area during the air quality survey period is an indispensable part of air pollution study. The meteorological data recorded during survey period is very useful for proper interpretation of the baseline information as well as serves as an input, to predictive models for air quality impacts.
To understand meteorological scenario primary which are recorded at the time of baseline and secondary data collected. This data is used in the interpretation of wind scenario. The data collected from the both sources are summarized as follows:
Table 3.1 Meteorological Data Collection Period
Primary data (December 2017 to February 2018): Parameters like Wind speed and its direction, Temperature, Humidity and Precipitation collected for project site using Automatic Weather Meteorological data Station at >10 m height. Secondary data (Last 30 Years): Secondary data has been collected from the nearest IMD source (Rajkot) for Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, and Wind Speed.
3.1.1.1 Meteorological Data from Secondary Sources
The climate of the Morbi district is characterised by hot summer and general dryness except during the southwest monsoon seasons. The year can be divided into four seasons. The period from March to May is the hot season (summer) followed by southwest monsoon from June to September, October and November constitute the post-monsoon or retreating monsoon season. The cold season (winter) starts from December and ends in February.
The mean maximum temperature ranges between 28.40C during January to 40.50C during May and the mean minimum temperatures vary between 12.80C during January and 26.50C during June. The relative humidity varies between 21 % (March/April) and 89 % (August). The mean wind speed varies from 7.2 kmph (November) and 20.8 kmph (May). Long-term average annual rainfall recorded by IMD station at Rajkot is 676.1 mm. Most of the rainfall (about 642.2 mm) is received from south-west monsoon between June to September. Climatological data of nearest IMD station which is Rajkot is given in the Table 3.2.
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Table 3.2: Monthly Mean values of Meteorological Data (Secondary Data)
Month Air Temperature Humidity Mean Wind Rainfall (°C) (%) Speed (mm) Max. Min. Max. Min. (Kmph) January 28.4 12.8 58 27 8.8 0.8 February 30.9 15 62 24 10.1 0.3 March 35.5 19.2 68 21 12.7 0.1 April 39.1 22.6 71 21 16.5 1.4 May 40.5 25.4 75 30 20.8 5.4 June 37.8 26.5 79 51 20.3 108.4 July 33 25.4 87 70 19 253.4 August 31.6 24.4 89 71 16.7 165.3 September 33.6 23.8 86 58 13.5 115.1 October 35.9 22.4 71 32 9 19.3 November 33.2 18.4 54 29 7.2 6.3 December 29.9 14.4 56 29 7.9 0.3 Annual Mean 34.1 20.9 71 38 13.5 676.1
Source: As per Climatological Table – IMD, Rajkot Station (1981-2010)
The wind rose diagram obtained from meteoblue organization for the entire year based on 30 years of hourly historical weather data for Morbi location is presented in Figure 3.1
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Fig. 3.1 Wind Rose Diagram of Entire Year (Secondary Source)
Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/Morbi_india_1262775
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3.1.1.2 Meteorology – Data Generated at Project Site (Primary data December 2017 to February 2018)
Meteorology of the study zones plays an important role in the study of air pollution. Micrometeorological conditions at the proposed project site regulate the dispersion and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. For this purpose a weather station was installed near the plant site for the period December 2017 to February 2018 and recorded hourly observations for the parameters like Maximum and minimum Temperatures (oC), Relative Humidity (%), Wind Speed (m/sec), Wind direction and Rainfall (mm).
Meteorological conditions, of the site, regulates the transport and diffusion of air- pollutants released into the atmosphere. Ambient temperature, wind speed and wind direction are called primary or basic Meteorological Parameters because the dispersion and diffusion of pollutants depend mainly on these Parameters. Humidity, precipitation, pressure and visibility are secondary Meteorological Parameters as this control the dispersion of the pollutants indirectly by affecting primary Parameters.
The hourly-recorded observations (wind velocity and wind directions) during above stated study period are used in computing percentage frequencies and are depicted in the form of ‘wind roses’ in Fig. 3.3
Figure 3.2: Photograph showing Automatic Weather Station installed near project site
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Fig. 3.3 Wind Rose Diagram based on Primary Meteorological Data
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3.1.2 Selection of AAQ Stations
As per the guidelines of CPCB, a network of eight ambient air-sampling locations has been selected for assessment of the existing status of air environment within the study zone of 10 km. The sampling locations were selected according to CPCB guidelines. The heights of the sampling locations were kept between 3 to 6 m in all the locations. After inspection of the area and observing the topographical features and review of the available meteorological data and local conditions the sampling sites were chosen which will be the representative of the local areas under study.
Fig. 3.4 Map showing Ambient Air Quality locations
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
3.1.2.1 Existing AAQ (Pre-project) Status
Ambient levels of pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO and VOC are selected for the sampling. The methodology of sampling and analysis in detail is given in the following tables 3.3 & 3.4
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Table: 3.3 Ambient Air Monitoring locations
Ambient Distance in Code Air UW/DW Direction GPS Coordinates km Location 22°51'57.43"N A1 Project Site ------70°51'30.30"E 22°51'14.22"N A2 Pipli CW 1.28 Km SSE 70°51'49.48"E 22°51'20.36"N, A3 Dharampur UW 2.44 Km WSW 70°50'3.16"E Nava 22°53'47.88"N A4 CW 8.45 Km NNW Sadulka 70°48'39.55"E 22°53'10.13"N A5 Sanala DW 6.76 Km ENE 70°55'20.88"E Bela 22°53'54.04"N A6 DW 4.52 Km NE Rangpar 70°53'17.91"E 22°49'13.16"N A7 Morbi CW 5.54 Km SW 70°49'43.65"E 22°50'33.05"N, A8 Ghuntu CW 4.96 Km ESE 70°54'5.03"E
Figure: 3.5 Photograph showing Ambient Air Monitoring
Village : Dharampur Village : Ghuntu Coordinates: 22°51'20.36"N, 70°50'3.16"E Coordinates: 22°50'33.05"N, 70°54'5.03"E
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Table 3.4: Air – Parameters Analyzed and Sampling Duration
Attribute Parameter Frequency of Monitoring
PM10, PM2.5, 24 hrs. Sampling for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO & VOC - 2
AAQ SO2, NO2, CO & days per week during the above stated study period.
VOC at 8 locations Sampling height varies between 3-6 m above ground level. Wind speed, wind Primary data: Hourly data collected at site using AWS Direction, Secondary data: Entire year data obtained from IMD source Met. Data Temperature, RH, (Rajkot) for Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, and Wind at one center Speed. location
Table 3.5 Ambient Air Quality - Methodology
Pollutant Method of analysis
PM10 Particulate Matter 10 IS 5182 (Part 23) Respirable Suspended Particulate STP No. TRA/STP/AA/02 Based on
Dust Dust PM2.5 Matter 2.5 manual instrument manufactures.
SO2 Sulfur dioxide IS 5182 (Part 2)
NO2 Nitrous Oxides IS 5182 (Part 6) Variables Variables VOC Volatile Organic Carbon STP No. TRA/STP/AA/07 Gases Gases CO Carbon Monoxide NDIR spectroscopy
Various statistical method like standard deviation, geometric mean, minimum; maximum concentrations have been used and different percentiles have been computed from the data examined during sampling in all sampling stations.
Table 3.6: Ambient Air Monitoring Results (Baseline Period: December 2017 to February 2018)
Pollutant Ambient Air Quality Locations with Particular Project Nava Bela Pipli Dharampur Sanala* Morbi Ghuntu NAAQS Site Sadulka Rangpur* Min 45.29 25.36 28.12 30.29 23.16 27.08 32.48 26.49 PM 2.5 Max. 50.58 29.99 32.56 35.97 30.87 31.69 37.80 33.65 60 μg/m3 Mean 47.69 27.76 30.51 33.72 26.82 28.94 35.22 29.92 98 %tile 50.38 29.85 32.56 35.97 30.61 31.35 37.57 33.65 PM 10 Min 76.90 57.04 55.23 60.29 52.36 50.14 62.17 53.25 100 Max. 81.65 62.36 60.80 65.94 56.60 55.80 67.41 61.49 μg/m3 Mean 79.84 59.72 57.82 63.33 54.53 52.90 64.72 57.33
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Pollutant Ambient Air Quality Locations with Particular Project Nava Bela Pipli Dharampur Sanala* Morbi Ghuntu NAAQS Site Sadulka Rangpur* 98 %tile 81.57 62.26 60.80 65.67 56.60 55.80 67.41 61.35 Min 9.11 5.89 7.10 8.07 8.05 6.04 10.75 7.45 SO2 Max. 14.93 10.83 12.63 16.21 13.67 9.62 15.38 11.88 80 μg/m3 Mean 11.23 8.26 9.73 10.81 10.56 7.77 13.06 9.58 98 %tile 14.74 10.79 12.61 15.01 13.19 9.53 15.24 11.86 Min 18.21 14.03 17.03 16.03 15.22 13.43 19.46 12.53 NO2 Max. 28.27 21.03 25.99 23.45 22.65 20.86 26.70 19.58 80 μg/m3 Mean 24.00 17.75 22.37 19.35 18.02 16.92 21.87 15.89 98 %tile 27.93 20.98 25.89 23.05 22.50 20.85 26.16 19.14 Note: CO: Not Detected; VOC: Below Detectable Limit * Indicates Downwind Direction
3.1.2.2 Baseline Data Interpretation of AAQ of Study Area
The maximum concentrations 98th percentile is recorded at Project Site with PM10 of 81.57 Pg/m3, as the location is on the road side.
The maximum concentrations 98th percentile is recorded at Project Site with PM2.5 of 50.38 Pg/m3, as the location is on the road side.
The maximum concentrations 98th percentile of SO2 found at Morbi village with 15.24 Pg/m3, as there are much industries located around the Morbi village.
Similarly the maximum concentration 98th percentile of NO2 found at Project Site
with 27.93 Pg/m3.
All the above results are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air Quality standards. CO and VOCs were found below detectable limits or not detected. All the above results are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air Quality standards.
3.2 Noise Environment
Noise is unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired with various frequencies over the audible range due to the regular activities of the Mankind primarily Noise pollution (or environmental noise) is displeasing human, animal or machine created sound that disrupts the activity or balance of human life. The main source of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly from Industries, constructions and transportation systems.
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Industrial Noise resulting to noise pollution has many reasons such as industries being close to human habitats which prevent the noise from decaying before it reaches human ear.
A determination is made of the micro scale impact by predicting anticipated noise levels for each alternative during both construction and operational phases. Predicted noise levels are compared with applicable standards or criteria in order to assess the impact.
Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, a single number, the response of an average human to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loud levels, the response of the human ear to sound is dependent on the frequency of the sound and this has led to the concept of weighting scales. This value is designated as dB (A). The dB (A) is often used as it reflects more accurately the frequency response of the human ear. A perceived loud noise has a high dB or dB (A) value and a soft noise has a low one. The human ear has peak response around 2,500 to 3,000 Hz and has a relatively low response at low frequencies.
3.2.1 Existing Noise Levels
Pre-project noise levels have been monitored at different points within the study zone and device manufactured by LUTRON SL 4033-SD was used for this purpose. Keeping in view of various local activities such as residential and Industrial activities 8 noise level measurement locations were identified and the sites are depicted in the Fig. 3.6 & Table 3.7
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Figure: 3.6 Photograph showing Noise monitoring sample
Village : Morbi Village : Bela Rangpar Coordinates: 22°48'46.82"N, 70°49'26.15"E Coordinates: 22°55'36.43"N, 70°54'4.00"E
Table 3.7: Noise Monitoring Locations
Codes Station Name N1 Project Site N2 Pipli N3 Dharampur N4 Nava Sadulka N5 Sanala N6 Bela Rangpar N7 Morbi N8 Ghuntu
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Fig. 3.7 Map Showing Noise Sampling Locations
Source: Satellite image (Google Earth)
3.2.2 Data Analysis
Sound levels had been recorded according to IS: 9989:1991 (Reaffirmed 2001). The recorded sound levels are given in Table 3.8 and 3.9. Out of all the 8 locations measured for noise levels, the sound levels recorded at project site area is found to be 66.6 dB(A). Recorded Noise levels are found to be within the standard limits.
Table 3.8: Noise Level Monitoring Data (Day timings in Leq dB (A)) December 2017 – February 2018
Day time Monitoring Recorded level in dB(A) Permissible Sampling Sampling Date Category Limit (in Location Minimum Maximum Leq db (A)) 24.11.17 To Industrial 40.0 61.2 57.7 75 Project site 25.11.17 Nava 25.11.17 To Residential 38.3 62.2 51.8 55 Sadulka 26.11.17 26.11.17 To Residential 20.0 53.1 43.9 55 Dharampur 27.11.17 27.11.17 To Residential 12.3 55.6 49.6 55 Pipli 28.11.17 28.11.17 To Residential 44.1 58.9 55.0 55 Morbi 29.11.17
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Day time Monitoring Recorded level in dB(A) Permissible Sampling Sampling Date Category Limit (in Location Minimum Maximum Leq db (A)) Bela 29.11.17 To Residential 48.9 59.6 54.6 55 Rangpar 30.11.17 30.11.17 To Residential 42.2 56.6 50.7 55 Sanala 01.12.17 01.12.17 To Residential 31.3 54.6 45.1 55 Ghuntu 02.12.17
Table 3.9: Hourly Noise data (Night timings in Leq dB (A)) December 2017 – February 2018
Night time Monitoring Recorded level in dB(A) Permissible Sampling Sampling Date Category Limit (in Location Minimum Maximum Leq db (A)) 24.11.17 To Industrial 12.1 32.1 39.2 70 Project site 25.11.17 Nava 25.11.17 To Residential 31.2 36.6 33.2 45 Sadulka 26.11.17 26.11.17 To Residential 10.2 43.2 34.3 45 Dharampur 27.11.17 27.11.17 To Residential 11.1 44.1 37.3 45 Pipli 28.11.17 28.11.17 To Residential 23.2 60.1 55.5 45 Morbi 29.11.17 Bela 29.11.17 To Residential 40.2 46.6 43.8 45 Rangpar 30.11.17 30.11.17 To Residential 30.2 45.6 40.1 45 Sanala 01.12.17 01.12.17 To Residential 13.2 42.1 35.8 45 Ghuntu 02.12.17
3.2.3 Baseline Data Interpretation of Ambient Noise Quality (Day and Night Time)
Sound levels had been recorded according to IS: 9989:1991 (Reaffirmed 2001). The maximum noise level measured in the study area was 57.7 dB (A) in day time and 39.2 dB (A) in night time at at project site, which were below the stipulated standards.Although in Morbi the noise levels are found higher than limits due to Vehicular Activities in day time and night time. The noise levels (Leq) of the residential area within the impact zone varied from 43.9 – 57.7 dB (A) in the day time and 33.2 – 55.5 dB (A) in the night time.
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3.3 Water Environment
Studies on Water Environment aspects of ecosystem is integral for Environmental Impact Assessment to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining balance of the organisms in an ecosystem in the early stages of development of the project. The objective of this report is to define the present environment in which the proposed plant will operate, to evaluate all possible events, to ensure that all negative impacts are minimized, and to demonstrate that proposed project has been appropriately announced to all interested parties so that their concerns can be considered.
Water quality studies have been carried out in the study area to understand the availability of water resources, possibility of water contamination and existing water quality.
3.3.1 Water Quality
Water of high quality is essential to human life as well as for flora & fauna and water of acceptable quality is essential for drinking, agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses; in addition, most recreation is water based; Therefore, major activities having potential effects on surface water are certain to be of appreciable concern to the consumers.
3.3.1.1 Sample Collection and Analysis
The water resources in the study area may be classified into two major categories like Surface water sources and Ground water sources.
Water samples were collected at 15 different locations, out of which 7 samples were selected from surface water sources and 8 samples selected from ground water sources for physico-chemical and biological parameters. Parameters like pH, Temperature and DO analysed at the time of sampling. For other Parameter analysis the samples were preserved as per the recommended techniques for various Elemental determinations as per `IS: 3025 (part I) 1987’. These parameters were analyzed as per the procedures specified in ‘Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater’ Published by American Public Health Association (APHA) / IS 3025. Ground water & Surface water samples results were compared with IS: 10500 specifications.
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Figure 3.8 Photograph showing Ground & Surface Water Sample Collection
Project Site (GW) Machhu River (SW) Coordinates: 22°51'56.39"N, 70°51'32.79"E Coordinates: 22°51'34.10"N, 70°49'33.24"E
Village : Nava Sadulka (GW) Talaviya Sanada (SW) Coordinates: 22°56'29.05"N, 70°51'26.97"E Coordinates: 22°53'6.97"N, 70°55'23.24"E
Table: 3.10 Water Monitoring Locations
Code Location Name Code Location Name
GW1 Project Site SW1 Macchu river (Up stream) GW2 Pipli SW2 Macchu river(Down stream) GW3 Dharampur SW3 Ghuntu pond GW4 Nava Sadulka SW4 Talaviya Sanala GW5 Sanala SW5 Bela Rangpar GW6 Bela Rangpar SW6 Timbadi Pond GW7 Morbi SW7 Nava sadulka pond GW8 Ghuntu
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Fig. 3.9 Map showing Surface Water Monitoring Locations
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
Fig. 3.10 Map showing Ground Water Monitoring Locations
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
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Method of Water Sampling
The following procedures were used while sampling: ¾ Washing the bottles/cans with distilled water prior to the sampling ¾ Before collection of water the bottles/cans are again washed 2-3 times with the same water ¾ For surface water, Bottles were lowered to a minimum depth of 30 cm below water surface. ¾ At each point Different sets of water samples were collected so as cover all the parameters ¾ Proper attention is taken in proper numbering at the site ¾ Sterilized bottles were used for the samples that are to be analyzed for bacteria ¾ Civil supply water pipeline taps are sterilized before collection for bacteriological analysis ¾ Parameters like pH, conductivity and temperature were analyzed in the field conditions and the results were reconfirmed after getting to the laboratory. DO is fixed and titrated in the field itself. ¾ Appropriate preservatives are added, depending upon the elements to be analyzed and marked accordingly (IS: 3025 (part I) 1987) ¾ All the water samples collected in the ice box, were immediately transported to the laboratory and free zed at <5oC analysis ¾ Field observations were noted in the field notebook ¾ As far as possible photographs were taken in almost all sampling points. Sampling & analysis of all the parameters are as per APHA, 22nd Edition & IS: 3025.
3.3.1.2 Data Analysis
The physiochemical and biological analysis of the collected sample results are given in Table 3.11 & 3.12
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Table 3.11 Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Ground Water (December 2017 – February 2018)
Sr Project Site Nava Sadulka Dharampur Morbi Ghuntu Sanala Bela Rangpar Pipli Acceptable Permissible Parameters No (11/1976/17) (11/1977/17) (11/1978/17) (11/1979/17) (11/1980/17) (11/1981/17) (11/1982/17) (11/1983/17) Limit Limit
No 1 pH 7.90 7.80 7.54 7.49 7.12 8.12 8.18 8 6.5-8.5 Relaxation 2 Temp(°C) 25.2 25.6 26 26.4 25.7 24.9 26.2 25.8 -- --
3 Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable
5 EC(μS) 1694 888 2959 859 265 753 735 1341 -- --
6 Turbidity(NTU) 10.6 7 11 6.4 1.5 5.8 5.5 8.4 1 5
Ammonical 7 11.2 5.8 13.5 4.7 1.2 3.7 2.8 10 Nitrogen(mg/L)
8 Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 277.1 169 287.3 141.9 47.3 98 111.5 230 250 1000
9 Sulphate as SO4 (mg/L) 128.0 78.9 132.0 64.8 18.0 40.0 54.1 110.0 200 400
10 TDS (mg/L) 1152 604 2012 584 180 512 500 912 500 2000
11 TS (mg/L) 1308 676 2220 646 194 562 536 1012 -- --
12 TSS (mg/L) 156 72 208 62 14 50 36 100 -- --
Total Hardness as 13 520 280 527 247 80 187 160 320 200 600 CaCO3 (mg/L)
14 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 267 153 393 140 40 120 67 140 -- --
15 Mg Hardness (mg/L) 253 127 133 107 40 67 93 180 -- --
16 Calcium as Ca(mg/L) 32.06 18.44 47.29 16.83 4.81 14.43 8.02 16.83 75 200
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Sr Project Site Nava Sadulka Dharampur Morbi Ghuntu Sanala Bela Rangpar Pipli Acceptable Permissible Parameters No (11/1976/17) (11/1977/17) (11/1978/17) (11/1979/17) (11/1980/17) (11/1981/17) (11/1982/17) (11/1983/17) Limit Limit
Magnesium as Mg 17 61.56 30.78 32.40 25.92 9.72 16.20 22.68 43.74 30 100 (mg/L) Alkalinity as CaCO3 18 160 52 160 92 20 72 32 124 200 600 (mg/L)
19 Carbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) -- --
20 Bicarbonate (mg/L) 160 52 160 92 20 72 32 124 -- --
21 Boron as B (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1 No 22 Nitrate as NO3(mg/L) 6.7 5.4 7.7 5.5 3.2 3.6 4.0 5.6 45 Relaxation 23 Phosphate as P(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
24 Fluoride as F (mg/L) 0.52 0.41 0.58 0.37 0.24 0.30 0.34 0.48 1 1.5 No 25 Iron as Fe(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) 0.3 Relaxation 26 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 112 58 128 56 19 44 38 90 -- --
27 Potassium as K(mg/L) 47 21 64 25 B.D.L(DL=2) 10 13 49 -- --
28 COD 133.12 96.68 145.6 87.36 24.96 66.56 45.76 104.0 -- --
29 BOD 41.7 26.3 43.6 28.4 7.5 18.3 14.9 31.2 -- -- Total Coliform N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. 30 Absent Absent (per 100 ml) Faecal Coliform N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. 31 Absent Absent (per 100 ml) Note: BDL = Below Detection Limit, D.L. = Detection Limit, NS = Not Specified, ND = Not Detected : Permissible Limit is applicable in the absence of Alternate source
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3.3.1.3 Baseline Data Interpretation of Ground water analysis x pH is found between 7.12 and 8.18 which is well within the acceptable limit at all location. x Turbidity is found higher than permissible limit at all location except Ghuntu where it is higher than acceptable limit. x Chloride is found higher than acceptable limit at project site and Dharampur. x TDS is found higher than permissible limit at Dharampur and higher than acceptable limit at all location except Ghuntu. x Total Hardness is found higher than acceptable limit at Project Site, Nava Sadulka, Dharampur, Morbi and Pipali. x Magnesium is found higher than acceptable limit at Project Site, Nava Sadulka, Dharampur and Pipali.
Table 3.12 Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Surface Water ( December 2017 – February 2018)
Nava Sadulka Macchu Sr Macchu River Timdi Pond Ghuntu Pond Sanala Pond Bela Rangpar Acceptable Permissible Parameters Pond River(NJS) No (11/1986/17) (11/1987/17) (11/1988/17) (11/1989/17) Lake (11/1990/17) Limit Limit (11/1984/17) (11/1985/17)
1 pH 7.99 7.56 7.74 7.62 8.58 7.89 8.24 No 6.5-8.5 Relaxation
2 Temp(°C) 22.9 26.7 30.8 27.9 26.8 25.4 23.4 -- --
3 Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable
5 EC(μS) 171 765 947 582 753 441 247 -- --
6 DO(mg/L) 1 3 3.3 3.8 4.8 3.5 3.4
7 Turbidity(NTU) 1.1 2.5 2.8 4.5 5.3 4.3 4.7 1 5
8 TDS (mg/L) 116 520 644 396 512 300 168 500 2000
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Nava Sadulka Macchu Sr Macchu River Timdi Pond Ghuntu Pond Sanala Pond Bela Rangpar Acceptable Permissible Parameters Pond River(NJS) No (11/1986/17) (11/1987/17) (11/1988/17) (11/1989/17) Lake (11/1990/17) Limit Limit (11/1984/17) (11/1985/17)
9 TS (mg/L) 126 552 698 422 554 334 184 -- --
10 TSS (mg/L) 10 32 54 26 42 34 16 -- -- Chloride as Cl 11 30.4 125.0 128.4 98.0 101.4 87.9 47.3 (mg/L) 250 1000 Ammonical 12 2.60 4.20 5.1 6.30 7.20 5.60 2.3 Nitrogen(mg/L) -- -- Total Hardness as 13 66.7 206.7 233.3 140.0 200 100 73.3 CaCO3 (mg/L) 200 600
Ca Hardness 14 13.3 133.3 120 93.33 126.7 53.3 33 (mg/L) -- -- Mg Hardness 15 53.40 73.37 113.30 46.67 73.30 46.70 40.00 (mg/L) -- -- Calcium as 16 1.60 16.00 14.40 11.20 15.20 6.40 4.00 Ca(mg/L) 75 200 Magnesium as Mg 17 13.0 17.8 27.5 11.3 17.8 11.3 9.7 (mg/L) 30 100
Alkalinity as 18 8.0 88.0 92.0 56.0 60.0 40.0 16.0 CaCO3 (mg/L) 200 600
Sulphate as SO4- 19 10 31.8 41.2 27.6 48.1 30 9 2(mg/L) -- --
20 Carbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 20 B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) -- --
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Nava Sadulka Macchu Sr Macchu River Timdi Pond Ghuntu Pond Sanala Pond Bela Rangpar Acceptable Permissible Parameters Pond River(NJS) No (11/1986/17) (11/1987/17) (11/1988/17) (11/1989/17) Lake (11/1990/17) Limit Limit (11/1984/17) (11/1985/17)
Bicarbonate 21 8.0 88.0 92.0 56.0 60.0 40.0 16.0 (mg/L) -- --
22 Boron as B (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1 Nitrate as No 23 2.2 3 5.2 2.8 4.15 3.75 3.4 NO3(mg/L) 45 Relaxation Fluoride as F 24 0.22 0.45 0.55 0.39 0.49 0.37 0.29 (mg/L) 1.0 1.5 No 25 Iron as Fe(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) B.D.L(DL=0.2) 0.3 Relaxation Phosphate as 26 B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) P(mg/L) -- -- Sodium as Na 27 5 60 47 38 43 35 11 (mg/L) -- -- Potassium as 28 B.D.L(DL=2) 17 16 28 12 28 5 K(mg/L) -- --
29 COD 29.12 104.0 124.8 133.12 141.44 116.48 33.28 -- --
30 BOD 8.7 32.5 37.5 40.0 42.4 35.0 10.4 -- -- Total Coliform N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. 31 Absent Absent (per 100 ml) Faecal Coliform N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. N. D. 32 Absent Absent (per 100 ml) Note: BDL = Below Detection Limit, NS = Not Specifies, D.L. = Detection Limit, ND = Not Detected
3.3.1.4 Baseline Data Interpretation of Surface water analysis x pH is found between 7.56 and 8.58 at all location which are within acceptable limit except Ghuntu pond
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x Turbidity is found higher than acceptable limit at all location except Ghuntu pond where it is higher than permisiible limit x TDS & total hardness are found higher than acceptable limit at Macchu River (NJS), Macchu River (DS) and Ghuntu pond. x Overall Surface water quality is good for domestic and agriculture purpose.
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3.4 Soil Environment
Land study is important for Environmental Impact Assessment to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining ‘ecological homeostasis’ in the early stages of development of the project. The objective of this report is to define the present environment in which the proposed action is to occur, to evaluate all the possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative impacts are minimized and to demonstrate that the proposed project has been appropriately announce to all the interested parties so that their concerns can be considered.
For this purpose baseline data (biotic and abiotic factors) has been studied around 10 km radius of the project. This data has been generated during December 2017 to February 2018
3.4.1 Methodology of Sample Collection and Analysis
Soil
For soil quality analysis 8 sampling sites were chosen to understand physio-chemical and biological status of the soil. Photograph showing soil sampling is shown in Fig. 3.11 and the sampling sites are marked in Fig. 3.12. This will establish the baseline characteristics and will facilitate identifying the contamination if any due to the proposed project.
Collection of soil samples and analysis
Disturbed soil samples were collected from the rotary cuttings and bailers and also from split spoon samplers. Un-disturbed tube samples were collected using thin walled tubes. Soil samples were collected such that structure and moisture content of the soil do not get altered. In accordance with IS: 2720, split samples were carefully extracted from the samplers. Meticulous was paid to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for analysis. The samples were packed in dependable, waterproof containers and marking specified accurately and distinctly. All the soil samples and core boxes were carefully transported to the testing laboratory. All ‘Soil sampling and analysis’ will be followed and done by Indian Standard IS – 2720.
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Figure: 3.11 Photograph showing soil sample collection
Village : Pipli Village : Sanala Coordinates: 22°51'8.36"N, 70°51'59.55"E Coordinates: 22°53'13.26"N, 70°55'25.19"E
Parameters analyzed for soil samples were Electrical Conductivity, pH, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Organic Carbon %, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Sulphate, Bulk Density, etc.
Fig. 3.12 Map showing Soil Sampling Locations
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
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Table: 3.13 Soil sampling Location Codes Station Name S1 Project Site S2 Pipli S3 Dharampur S4 Nava Sadulka S5 Sanala S6 Bela Rangpar S7 Morbi S8 Ghuntu
3.4.2 Baseline Data Interpretation of Soil Analysis
The pH of the soil extract varies from 7.1 to 8.2 indicating normal/neutral soils except at Bela Rangpar. The electric conductivity of soil samples also fall under normal category which ranged from 0.052 to 0.652. The sodium concentration and cation exchange capacity and SAR values of the soils indicating normal to slightly saline in nature. The organic matter and available phosphorus of all soil samples are having lower value, while potassium is high, indicating lower fertility status in respect of nitrogen and phosphorus and high in potassium. The water holding capacity varies from varies from 49.33 to 66.74 % indicating good capacity of moisture retention.
Table: 3.14 Physicochemical Parameters of the soil Sr. Parameter Unit Project Pipli Dharampur Nava Sanala Bela Morbi Ghuntu No. Site S2 S3 Sadulka S5 Rangpar S7 S8 S1 S4 S6 1 pH -- 7.30 7.90 7.50 7.10 7.50 8.20 7.50 7.60 2 Organic Matter % 0.124 0.335 0.557 0.447 0.143 0.233 0.235 0.177 3 Total mg/kg 4.22 2.22 1.36 4.63 1.23 6.32 1.22 4.38 Phosphorous 4 Electrical mS/cm 0.652 0.425 0.214 0.052 0.538 0.117 0.423 0.236 Conductivity 5 Sodium meq/100gm 15.63 16.52 8.77 20.36 11.47 40.23 18.63 4.92 6 Potassium meq/100gm 22.61 17.25 15.64 36.42 23.88 12.30 35.44 18.36 7 Cation meq/100gm 69.12 46.77 63.47 62.77 52.74 72.36 53.42 42.33 Exchange Capacity 8 Water Holding % 49.33 60.41 65.41 66.74 52.42 49.35 59.33 63.47 Capacity 9 SAR -- 1.2 2.9 1.7 2.4 3.2 5.6 2.6 2.3 BQL = Below Quantification Limit
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3.5 Geo-Hydrological Features
¾ Introduction:-
Repaid urban, industrial and Agricultural growth and its continuous expansion around Morbi Town, Dist. Morbi has created problems related to water supply, Sewage/ effluent disposal leading to ground water depletion and pollution. The present report in corporate hydrogeology and ground water scenario based on the scientific information with special reference to Recharge Activity around Morbi town to envisage appropriate remedial measures keeping environmental impact of Morbi development in view.
The present report in corporate, Hydrogeology & ground water scenario based on the scientific information with special reference to Recharge Activity in Gondal Taluka to envisage appropriate remedial measures keeping environmental impact of Gondal development in view for the request of T. R. Associates – Ahmedabad under Environment impact assessment Program.
¾ Land / Soil Characteristic :-
The soils are generally developed from Alluvium and basalt formation and are coarse in texture with satisfactory internal drainage. The sub soil condition below the existing ground level is almost uniform in nature. Sub soil is composed of Clay mixed with little fine grained silty sand, moram and Kankar with low resistivity due to clay and soil moisture. The area is covered with recent to sub recent alluvial deposits comprising of brownish clay mixed with little fine grained sand, silty sand. The Soil below ground level consists of top silty low plastic soil layer having no swelling nature. Blackish brown to yellowish brown clayey silt or sand silt layer extends to the depth of 2 to 3 mts.
¾ Topography :-
In Gondal Taluka rainfall is normal but due to the topography and hard and compact basaltic track as basement rock a major amount of rain water goes as run off to sea. Therefore the sustainability of drinking water sources remains unsolved in the area. Gondal area has diverse landscape made up of hills valleys pediplain plateau. The terrain slope is westerly in south. Number of major rivers drains the area. Godali & Chaparvadi River is flowing near Gondal.
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¾ Climate:-
The climate of the area is semi arid and is characterized by a hot summers. May is the hottest month with mean daily maximum temperature of 43.40 C. The area has semi arid climate with drought frequency of 34%.
¾ General Information of Morbi Taluka:-
x Total number of villages 121 x Total area of Taluka 1697.30 Sq. Kms. x Saline area - 590.34 Sq.Kms. x Fresh water area – 1187.96 Sq.Kms. x Hard rock area – 848.65 Sq.Kms x Aluminum area – 848.65 Sq.Kms. x Feasibility – Open well, DCB, DTH Bores and deep Tube well (DR)
¾ Geology:-
Geologically the area around Pipli village of Morbi Taluka is occupied by alluvium formation and Basalt rock formation. The thickness of alluvium in the area is about 06 to 10 mts (APS-2 Alluvium Plain Shallow). Alluvium occurring in out fall areas of Machhu Rivers forms a prolific aquifer where ground water occurs under phreatic to semi confined conditions.
Alluvium underground basalt from the aquifer more suitable for Borewell. The quality of Ground water is Brackish at all depth in the Alluvium and under line Basalt, hence further ground water development is not suggested. In around village is Hari par, Gala, Mansar, Ground water is Saline or Brackish
A lineament is an interesting structure in basalt rock formation for ground water movement, stoppage and storage. Basalts are generally formed by cooling of lave flows and the rock itself can be identified by its dark tone. During cooling of lave and formation of a rock, joints develop. Joints have strike, dip and spacing, some joints structurally, disturbed and they develop fractures. Such fractures and closely spaced joints have a linear extension. So they can be seen on imagery as a line. Adyke is an intrusion in the country rock giving a distinct linear effect on the surface they obstruct the normal ground water flow and surface water movement.
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Weathered and fractures dykes are more productive as well as recharging purpose. Fracture zones forming the course of existing drainage are more productive as well as recharging purpose. Deccan traps basalts are exposed of upper cretaceous to lower Eocene age.
¾ Rainfall:-
¾ Rainfall Data Rainfall Data in Descending Order Sr.No. Year Rainfall in mm Year Rainfall in mm 1 1991 213 1994 1082 2 1992 460 2010 1048 3 1993 320 2006 989 4 1994 1082 2007 886 5 1995 423 2013 837 6 1996 417 2005 756 7 1997 596 2008 730 8 1998 468 2011 715 9 1999 229 2003 709 10 2000 245 2004 660 11 2001 428 2015 603 12 2002 332 1997 596 13 2003 709 2014 494 14 2004 660 1998 468 15 2005 756 2009 468 16 2006 989 1992 460 17 2007 886 2001 428 18 2008 730 1995 423 19 2009 468 1996 417 20 2010 1048 2002 332 21 2011 715 1993 320 22 2012 312 2012 312 23 2013 837 2000 245 24 2014 494 1999 229 25 2015 603 1991 213
Dependable Rainfall = N X P = 25 X 40 = 10th year i.e.= 660 mm (0.66) 100 100 30 year average Rainfall = 551 mm
¾ Geohydrology:-
The litho logical logs of exploratory bore holes, electrical logging results by govt. agencies in and around Morbi Taluka have been studied to understand the
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subsurface geology and the aquifer system. These bore holes have penetrated the thick sequence of Jura- Cretaceous age down to 200 + m depth.
¾ Feasibility of Source at the project area Pipali Village
Area around Pipali village is checked on ground water prospect Map, prepared by National Remote Sensing Agency, Dept. of SPAC, G.O.I. Hyderabad, map sheet no. 41J13 for feasibility of source. The detail is as under Hydro Geomorphic units/ land form: PWS – 2 (more than 6 to10 mts) Amygdaloidal Basalt (Platue Weathered Shallow) Geological sequence/ Rock type :- Upper cretaceous to Eocene Deccan Traps Depth of water table of the area : 6-15 m in Dug well (13), 18-35 m in Borewell (13) Recharge condition : Limited Aquifer Material in Basaltic Rock: FIR. Fisher Rock F.R. - Fractured rock Type of Well of the area x B.W. Borewell – 120-150 mts.depth,60-80 LPM Homogeneity in the unit & success rate of well – Moderate Quality of water –Potable Ground water irrigated area – 4 to 6% Recharge structure suitability and priority – NB, DT, RP and Moderate Remarks (Problems/Limitations)
Dug wells up to a depth of 15m are reported to go dry in summer in this unit, hence borewell are recommended to tap deeper aquifer in and around the settlements of Madhapur. Nani vavadi, Andaina and Lalpar the ground water is brackish. A borewell down to the depth of 245 m has been observed at Nani Vavadi village. The depth range and yield range of wells may vary within the unit because of certain in homogeneities.
¾ Drainage Pattern:-
The area has a drainage pattern which is of the parallel and trellis type and which is controlled by the topography and structure and tectonics of the region. All the small streams Hajiper Nala, Chandhar Nala flow from the higher grounds and meet ultimately Machchhu River which flow from east direction to west direction near project area. The area Drainage ultimately meets with Gulf of Kutch.
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Area has diverse landscape made up of small hills, valley, drainage flow, Platue and alluvium plain. The terrain slope is southly in the north and westernly in the south number of major river drains the area. Due to terrain constraint it is necessary to adopt proper soil conservation and sand water development and management practice for w/s in sustained basis. Because of short span of monsoon season and limited storage capacity and rapid cut flow for hard rock aquifers, that is need to provide ground water recharge facilities to supplement its which drawl at a time of summer.
As various components of the hydrologic system-Catchment runoff, base flow and ground water an integrated at the level of river basins, river basin should be the unit of governance and management of water resource such a system of governance will ensure integration of physical sustainability consideration and the social economical and environmental consideration in water resources management planning which ultimately result in good governance.
Fig. 3.13 Ground Water Prospect Map
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3.6 Land Use Status
Introduction
The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radius study area from the project site has been prepared using Sentinel Satellite image procured from NRSC (National Remote sensing Centre), Hyderabad. Land use pattern of the study area as well as the catchment area was carried out by standard methods of analysis of remotely sensed data and followed by ground truth collection (Bench mark) and interpretation of satellite data. The outcome of land use study has been presented below in subsequent table and figures. The data was processed through Q-GIS Software tools available with ESRI Package. The Land use map of the 10 Km study area is presented in Figure 3.14.
Land use & land cover classification results
Land Cover is the physical material at the surface of the earth (it include grass, asphalt, trees, bare ground, water, etc.) whereas Land use is the human use of land. Land Use involves the management and modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as fields, pastures, and settlements. It has also been defined as "the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain land cover type to produce, change or maintain it".
There is no one ideal classification of land use and land cover, and it is unlikely that one could ever be developed. There are different perspectives in the classification process, and the process itself tends to be subjective, even when an objective numerical approach is used. Concepts concerning land cover and land use activity are closely related and in many cases have been used interchangeably. The purposes for which lands are being used commonly have associated types of cover, whether they are forest, agricultural, residential, or industrial.
Remote sensing image-forming devices do not record activity directly. The remote sensor acquires a response which is based on many characteristics of the land surface, including natural or artificial cover. The interpreter uses color, tones, textures, shapes, size, patterns, and site associations to derive information about land use activities from what is basically information about land cover. To begin with, there is considerable diversity of opinion about what constitutes land use, although present use of land is one of the characteristics that are widely recognized as significant for planning and management purposes.
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The classification must be scientifically defensible presenting a logical progression of its applicability over large areas, amenable for use with remote sensor data. The classification scheme is adopted for extracting information for on most possible land use/land cover classes in general and all the agricultural seasons in particular and hence enable to repeat the process at regular time intervals.
The present Land use / Land cover map for the proposed project activity is prepared by current vintage of satellite image. This report thus will enable assessing the impact on land use pattern in the study area due to the proposed project activity.
(A) DATA USED
Current vintage data of Indian Remote Sensing satellite Sentinel Satellite image FCC (False Color Composite) has been used for preparation of Land use/ Land cover thematic map of study area. Survey of India toposheet as a reference map on 1:50,000 scales have been used for preparation of base layer data like road, rail network, village and mine site and for geo referencing of satellite image.
Technical Details ¾ Satellite Image - Sentinel Satellite image ¾ Satellite Data Source - NRSC, Hyderabad ¾ Software Used - Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine and QGis
(B) METHODOLOGY
Land use / Land cover map preparation, Base map creation; Geometric and Radiometric correction of satellite image has been processed using ERDAS Imagine Software. Salient features of the adopted methodology are given below: ¾ Acquisition of satellite data. ¾ Preparation of base map from Survey of India toposheets. ¾ Data analysis using visual interpretation techniques. ¾ Ground truth studies or field checks. ¾ Finalization of the map. ¾ Digitization using heads up vectorisation method. ¾ Area calculation for statistics generation.
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(C) INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE SENSING DATA
Satellite images are composed of array of grid, each grid has a numeric value that is known as digital number. Smallest unit of this grid is known as a pixel that captures reflectance of ground features represented in terms of Digital number, each representing specific land features. Using image classification technique, the satellite data is converted into thematic information, map based on the user’s knowledge about the ground area. Hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual interpretation and digital image processing for identification of different land use and vegetation cover classes based on spectral signature of geographic feature.
Spectral signature represents various land use classes. Image interpretation keys are developed based on image characteristics like color, tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow etc, which enables interpretation of satellite images for ground feature. Training sites are then assigned based on their spectral signature & interpretation elements. Using image classification algorithm land use map is generated.
A total of seven land use/land cover classes have been demarcated in the study area following Level I, II and III classification. A thematic map suitable for 1:25,000 scale map generation incorporating these classified categories has been prepared and considering that the area of the project is considerably small a large scale map is prepared. The area as a whole represents plain area with very gentle sloping to nearly level area & to the north of area flowing from south to north and it is also observed that the major stream (Machchhu) are linked with these two main drainage that debouche into the Littel Run of Kachchh. Medium level industrial zone covered for 25.17 sq km, the total land area of scrub land covered 8.28 sq km and 214.89 sq km area covered under agriculture land as well as plantation / Transportation 0.99 sq km has developed mainly in the area adjacent to the rivers.
The adjoining area of project site is totally agricultural land including Kharif, Rabi and summer crop, constitute the dominant category of land use covering as much as 214.89 sq km of the total area. Active river canal forming the perennial water body together with the numerous open & wastelands form a major and minor land cover category. Active River and its tributaries flowing into it cover about 10.32 sq km of the total project area. Due to large seasonal variation in discharge of these rivers, the area coverage of this category various in space and time. The consistently shifting nature of the (canal name) and consequent bank migration has resulted in large uncultivated & rural settlement along the active plain area towards the site location.
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These areas (2.24 sq km) are village pond and waterbody in the development area of the project site and are located within the uncultivated land areas significant distribution. The land use for settlement is mostly confined to the ‘rural and urban settlement’ (built up-rural) 20.04 sq km and land without scrub feature 24.32 sq km of the total area & as such there is no current fallow land because the satellite used is of March month when most of the crop is towards senence or maturity.
Table 3.15: Land Use Land Cover
Sr.no Description Area in Sq. km Percentage 1 Mixed settlement 20.04 6.38 2 Mining / Industrial 25.17 8.01 3 Transportation 0.94 0.30 4 Crop land 214.89 68.40 5 Agriculture plantation 0.08 0.02 6 Forest 4.38 1.39 7 Forest plantation 0.05 0.01 8 Waterlogged 1.82 0.58 9 Scrub land Dense 8.28 2.64 10 Scrub land Opne 24.32 7.74 11 Sandy areas 0.18 0.06 12 River / Stream / Drain 10.32 3.28 13 Canal 1.47 0.47 14 Lakes / Ponds 2.24 0.71 Total Area 314.15 100
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Fig. 3.14 Land use and Land cover map of the 10 km radius of the study area
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Fig. 3.15 Satellite Image of the 10 km radius of the study area
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Fig. 3.16 Infrastructure Map of the 10 km radius of the study area
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3.6.1 Topography
THE AREA OF THE PROJECT SITE (M/S. PRIVA LAMINATES LLP.) IS LOCATED IN THE WESTERN PART OF MORBI DISTRICT OF GUJARAT STATE.
The topographic feature & drainage pattern of the study area has been studied from SRTM3, 2008 data having resolution of 3 arc seconds. The toposheet have been analysed using QGIS application to generate the contour line at interval of 10 Kms considering one elevated area in the study region. Further, the digital elevation data have been analysed to determine the slope & elevation profiles of the each individual villages of the study area as well as whole study area to ascertain the landform of the villages and study area. It has been observed that the major area of study area is levelled plain to nearly level with small slopes. Two areas in the study region have been noticed with considerably gentle slope near village Timbdi making the landform of small slopes indicating small plain with the elevation profile. Over all slope direction of the study area is noticed towards south to north. The maximum elevation and higher slope is found near northern part of Dharampur, Timbdi, and Mahendranagar village where a medium height is situated. The generated streams indicated that the most of the area are covered by two main stream ie Machchhu river flowing from East to North. Topography of the area is characterized by dominating plain area with very gentle sloping to nearly level area.
DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL
Digital Elevation Models are data files that contain the elevation of the terrain over a specified area, usually at a fixed grid interval over the "Bare Earth". The intervals between each grid points will always be referenced to some geographical coordinate system. This is usually either latitude-longitude or UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) coordinate systems. The closer are together the grid points, more detailed information will be in the file. The detail s of the peaks and valleys in the terrain will be better modelled with small grid spacing than when the grid intervals are very large. Elevations other than at the specific grid point locations are not contained in the file. As a result peak points and valley points not coinciding with the grid will not be recorded in the file. For practical purpose this "Bare Earth" DEM is generally synonymous with a Digital Terrain Model (DTM).
(A) DATA USED
DEM Data: Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data Software Used: ERDAS Imagine & Q - GIS.
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PHYSIOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE PATTERN
The area of the project site is located in the Western part of Morbi District of Gujarat state. Topography of the area is characterized by very gentle sloping area to level to nearly level. A Seasonal river, i.e. Machhu drains through the study area and merges into Little Run of Kachchh.
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Fig. 3.17: Topography map of the 10 km radius of the study area
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3.7 Ecology & Biodiversity
3.7.1 Introduction
In order to understand the ecological status of different habitats, status of biodiversity in and around the proposed Priva Laminates LLP project area, the field work was carried out from November to February 2018 (post monsoon season). In addition, data analysis and report preparation was carried out from February 2018. Summary of the field surveys are given in Table 3.16.
Table 3.16: Information of Field Survey
Month Particular November 18 Collection and compilation of secondary data on biodiversity in and around the project sites December 18 Field survey and collection of primary data on flora, fauna, local interview to collect crops data and traditional data on medicinal and wild life information January, Data entry, Data analysis & Report Preparation February 18
3.7.2 Methodology
Collection and collation of project related secondary information including Biodiversity, Cropping pattern, Land use-Land cover (LuLc) data etc.
Analysis of GOOGLE maps with available project document conducted our first rapid survey of the project area to identify existing major habitat types within the study area (Agriculture hedges and road side habitats; Wasteland, open scrub and gauchar land in and around the villages; and Riverine / Wetlands, i.e., village ponds, tanks and dry nallah).
In addition relevant documents and maps were also obtained from project authority/client and EIA consultant.
The project study area was delineated into GOOGLE map and identified major LuLc for biodiversity inventory study on available topo maps of study areas. Details of the LuLc of project study area given in Figure 3.14 at page no. 3.36.
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3.7.3 Collection of primary field-based data
After various meeting with project authority and consultant, we finalized our field- level approach and methodology for collection of primary biodiversity related data.
This field approach involved mainly the survey-based primary data collection on various biodiversity components of the project objectives. The field data collection mainly included biodiversity assessment of different life forms of floral species such as; trees, shrubs & climbers, herbs and grass. Faunal diversity was also assessed by inventorying the major group like herpetofauna, birds and mammals.
For biodiversity assessment we followed standard methods for each component like for plants survey, we laid a plots at various site specific habitat and perambulated method been employed to document each plant species with their phonological and other important details like medicinal value from local villagers, associated habitat, local name etc. While, for bird species survey, we followed total count method for aquatic species (Bhupathy 1991) and point counted survey (Bibby et al., 1992) employed to survey terrestrial species.
In case of herpetofauna, method suggested by Welsh (1987) been employed and intensive time constrained search been employed for each dominant habitat. Daniels (1992) and Burnham et al., (1980) methods been followed to search mammalian species through direct count and indirect count, respectively.
3.7.4 Detail Sampling Method & Literature Review
(A) Floral Status
Status of floral diversity was assessed in representative habitats of each type mentioned above and in and around the village settlement with the 10 km diameter of project site of Priva Laminates LLP Quantitative data was collected using standard methods (Circular plot) followed by several researchers in and around the project site/ and conducted a landscape specific survey. Status of tree & small tree, shrub & climbers and annuals (grass and herb) was quantified using circular plots of different sizes of 10m, 5m radius and 1m2 plots respectively.
In addition, areas surrounding the sampling locations were perambulated to make a floral inventory and record additional species not encountered within the sample plots laid for quantification.
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(B) Fauna Status
For Herpetofauna, status was assessed using Intensive Time Constrained Search Method covering different micro habitats (Welsh, 1987, Welsh and Lind 1991). Intensive search was made within 10m radius circular plot. For Bird species, Total count or flock count method was adopted to assess the status of aquatic birds in the existing water bodies (Sridharan 1989 and Bhupathy 1991). Point count method was used to assess the status of terrestrial birds (Bibby et al., 1992 and Hutto et al., 1986). The second technique adopted was area search method (Dieni and Jones 2002), a time area constrained survey technique that has been widely and commonly used in several bird monitoring programs. For Mammal species, status and distribution of different mammal species was quantified using direct count along the Line transect (Burnham et al. 1980) and indirect evidences within the circular plots of 50 m radius (Rodgers 1988 and Sale and Berkmuller, 1988). In addition, indirect evidences like, Pellet, dung, tracks (Thompson et al 1989, Allen et al 1996) scat count (Henke and knowlton 1995) and other signs were enumerated using quadrate method (Daniels 1992). Presence of different faunal species was also substantiated by interviewing the local people including pastoralist and farming communities with pictorial representation.
(C) Biodiversity Status
This para discuss the ecological status of biota of the Priva Laminates LLP Project Area (hereafter PPA) in terms of biodiversity covering different life forms of plant species (tree, small tree, shrub, undershrub, herb, grass and others) and major faunal groups (reptiles, terrestrial & aquatic birds and mammals).
The baseline status of biota (plant and animals) discussed at project sites and other adjoins habitats level.
(D) Study Habitats
Based on the Survey of India 1:50,000 Topo sheet, the area falling within 5 kms (Near Project Areas) and 10 kms (In and around the Project Areas) radius from the PPA site was predominately dominated by four major habitat types such as: agricultural land (agro-ecosystem),wastelands, riverine/nallah and Forest areas. However, for the study purpose they have been delineated into more than five sub-habitat types according to the nature of vegetation existing and use of faunal species.
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1. Agro-ecosystem (areas in and around the villages and road sides); it means areas currently under intensive agriculture use (irrigated lands, un-irrigated lands/rain fed irrigation) and it’s surrounding hedge vegetation (locally known as - wadis) owned by the private people. Since these areas are rich in moisture availability due to continuous cultivation it supports diverse floral and faunal species and formed major habitat of the PPA.
2. Waste land with open scrub and gauchar land (areas near to villages and scattered in and around the agricultural landscape); mainly small patches of waste lands (Gauchar lands, cultivable waste) with wild species of scrub vegetation and scattered tree species which belongs to revenue /government or private. These patches are not true and designated forest areas.
3. Riverside and wetland (near to villages and small dams); this includes the area on the banks of seasonal rivers, streams, small nallahs and dams.
4. Forest Areas; only a true forest is found after 8-9 kms. Of project sites i.e. Paneli RF and dominant by thorny species with scattered deciduous stunted trees. Since, we surveyed in late winter season, could not able to listed annual wild species and other biota.
3.7.5 Status of Flora
(A) Taxonomical status of plant species Status of floral species in study area covering 10 km radius reported 168 species belong to 136 genera and 47 families. The entire study area estimated plant species diversity of H’ 3.96
Table 3.17 Overall taxonomic Status of Plant Species in Study Area
Near Project In and around the Overall VPA Project Parameter/ Areas Project Areas Areas Group Family 28 46 47 Genera 63 130 136 Species 74 152 168 Relative % 44.05 90.48 100.00 Diversity ‘H 3.46 3.74 3.86
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(B) Life Form status of plant species
1. Overall Project Areas: All the 168 plant species reported from the study area fall under 10 types of life forms. Among the life forms, the study area identified maximum of 56 herb species and they formed 33 % followed by tree species 23% with 39 species. The second level domination was observed from grass (17 species) and shrub (16 species) species with the contribution 10% and 9% respective. Other life forms are representative by less than 7% (Table 3.18).
2. Near Project Areas: This area showed the same trend as in case of the VPA study area with the domination of herb (28 species) followed by tree (19 species). Grass (9 species) and Shrub & Climber (7 species in each) dominated at second level (Table 3.18).
3. In and around the Project Areas: In case of this area herbaceous species showed high richness (50 species) followed by tree species (37 species) and shrub (15 species) positioned third in life form status (Table 3.18).
Table 3.18 Status of Life form of plant species reported in Study Area
Near Project In and around the Overall Project Relative Life Form Areas Project Areas Areas %
Climber 7 10 11 6.55 Grass 9 14 17 10.12 Herb 28 50 56 33.33 Sedge 0 1 1 0.60 Shrub 7 15 16 9.52 Small Tree 3 8 9 5.36 Straggling Shrub 2 3 4 2.38 Tree 10 37 39 23.21 Twiner 3 5 5 2.98 Under Shrub 5 9 10 5.95 TOTAL 74 152 168 100.00
(C) Status of Crop Species
The list of crop species was prepared based on the casual observation while collecting data in and around the agriculture habitat and interviewed also been
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conducted with several farmers for tabulating non-seasonal crops of VPA study areas. Based on the survey a total of 15 crop species were reported in the study area of VPA area and based on their use value they have been grouped into four categories. Among the species list 4 species fall under grain crops, 3 species fruit crops, 5 vegetable crops and 3 commercial crops of the study area. Within the grain crops, Bajri, Juwar, Gehun and Divela were cultivated extensively. Though, vegetables and fruits yielding species were reported, they grown in small extent of areas along the agricultural hedges and mainly for local use and market. All the three commercial rops cultivate extensively and they for major income of the local agriculturalists (Table 3.19).
Table 3.19 List of Agriculture and Commercial Crop Species Recorded in and around Study Area Sr. Local Name Scientific name Habit No. 1 Bajri, Bajaro Pennisetum typhoides A. Rich. Herb 2 Juwar, Jawar Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Grass 3 Gehun Triticum aestivum(L.)l Grass 4 Aeranda, Divela Ricinus communis L. Shrub 5 Jamphal Psidium guajava L. Tree 6 Limbu Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. Shrub 7 Dadam Punica granatum L. Small Tree 8 Bhinda, Bhindo Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Under Shrub 9 Marchi Capsicum annuum L. var acuminatum Herb Fingerh. 10 Karela Momordica charantia L. Climber 11 Tamata, Tamatu Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) Karst. Herb 12 Ringana, Ringan Solanum melongena L. Under Shrub 13 Kapas, Desi Gossypium herbaceum auct. Non L. var. Shrub Kapas acerifolium (Guill. & Perr.) Chevalier 14 Magphali Arachis hypogea L. Herb 15 Ambo, Keri Mangifera indica L. Tree
3.7.6 Status of fauna
We discuss status of various faunal groups like; amphibians, reptiles, birds (terrestrial and aquatic) and mammals at study area level. Among the groups, due to taxa specific nature of life, direct sightings of herpetofauna and mammalian fauna are always lower than the avifauna which is comparatively more active. Therefore status of herpetofauna and mammals groups were discussed at species richness and
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abundance levels predominately based on indirect evidences for mammals reported within the sample area as well based on personal interview with communities like farmers and pastoralist in and around the study areas.
(A) Herpetofauna
The study areas including 10 kms radius reported overall 7 species belong to 7 genus and 6 families. Within 5 kms areas of Study Area, among the habitats types maximum of five species were emerged along the riverside (discussed and collected information from local people) followed by three species in agriculture areas and two species in other habitats (Table 3.20).
Table 3.20 Taxonomical Status of Herpetofauna: PPA Study Areas
IUCN Species name Common and Local Name Status Frogs/ ranidae 1 Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis Skittering Frog (Dedako) LR-nt Lizards/ gekkonidae 2 Hemidactylus brookii Spotted Indian House Gecko (Garodi) LR-lc Agamids/ agamidae
3 Calotes versicolor Indian Garden Lizard (Kachindo) LR-nt
4 Sitana ponticeriana Fan-Throated Lizard (Kachindi) LR-lc
Snakes/ boidae
5 Eryx johnii Eastern Red Sand Boa (Dhomalo) LR-lc Snakes/ colubridae 6 Ptyas mucosa Indian Rat Snake (Nag) LR-nt
Turtles/ trionychidae
Indian Mud or Flap-shell Turtle 7 Lissemys punctata - (Kachbo) Note: LR-nt- Lower risk near threatened and LR -Ic- Lower risk least concern.
(B) Status of Birds (Terrestrial and Aquatic)
Status of terrestrial and aquatic birds was assessed during latter part of winter and summer and reported a total of 38 species belongs to 37 genera and 31 families in the study area (Table 3.21).
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Habitat specific abundance resulted more contribution was from agriculture and habitation areas; and there is no any permanent aquatic habitat existing within it, therefore during the study period aquatic avifauna was reported from the nearby wetland and reservoir.
Table 3.21 Overall Status of Terrestrial and Aquatic Birds: Study Areas S. Species Common English Name MS Sch. FG No. 1 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl R I G 2 Sarkidiornis melanotos Comb Duck R IV A 3 Upupa epops Common Hoopoe RM IV I 4 Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller R IV I 5 Alcedo Hercules Common Kingfisher R IV P 6 Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated Kingfisher R IV P 7 Ceryle rudis Lesser Pied Kingfisher R IV P 8 Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater R IV I 9 Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel R IV F 10 Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal R IV O 11 Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet R IV F 12 Apus affinis House(Little) Swift R IV I 13 Athene brama Spotted Owlet R IV C 14 Columba livia Rock Pigeon R IV G 15 Streptopelia tranquebarica Red-collared Dove R IV G 16 Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen R IV A 17 Fulica atra Common Coot R IV A 18 Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper R IV A 19 Vanellus indicus Red-wattled Lapwing R IV I 20 Accipiter badius Shikra R I C 21 Circius melanoleucos Pied Harrier RM I C 22 Falco tinnunculus Common Kestral RM IV C 23 Phalacrocorax niger Little Cormorant R IV A 24 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron RM IV A 25 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret R IV AI 26 Threskiornis melanocephalus Black-headed Ibis RM IV A 27 Pseudibis papillosa Black Ibis R IV I 28 Corvus splendens House Crow R V I 29 Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo R IV I 30 Saxicoloides fulicata Indian Robin R IV I 31 Acridotheres ginginianus Bank Myna R IV I 32 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna R IV I 33 Hirundo daurica Red-rump Swallow R IV I 34 Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul R IV I 35 Turdoides malcolmi Large Grey Babbler R IV G 36 Galerida cristata Crested Lark R IV GI 37 Nectarinia asiatica Purple Sunbird R IV N 38 Passer domesticus House Sparrow R IV G
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MS= Migratory Status, M= Migratory, R= Resident, RM= Resident migratory; Sch= Schedule as per Wildlife Protection Act 1972; and FG= Feeding Guild, O= Omnivore, G= Granevore, P= Pisivore, C= Carnivore, I= Insectivore, A= Aquatic.
Fig. 3.18 Photographs showing Surrounding Habitats
Squirrel
Rose ringed parakeet
(C) Status of Mammals
As discussed with local people, within buffer zone only seven species of mammalian fauna was reported and each belongs to separate family/group. None of the family reported more than one species and showed low species richness (Table 3.20). Since the study area dominated by agriculture habitat, mammalian fauna showed low species richness.
Table 3.22 Overall Status of Mammals: Study Areas
WPA, S. No. Scientific Name Species Food Habit 1972 Status 1 Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas, 1766) Nilgai Herbivore III 2 Canis aureus (Linnaeus, 1758) Golden Jackal Omnivore II 3 Herpestes edwardsii (E.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire,1818) Grey Mongoose Omnivore II 4 Hyaena hyaena (Linnaeus,1758) Striped Hyena Scavenger - 5 Hystrix indica (Kerr,1792) Indian Porcupine Herbivore - 6 Sus scrofa (Linnaeus,1758) Wild Boar Herbivore III Anon. 1972. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Amended 1991. Natraj Publication, Dehra Dun. 154 p.
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3.7.7 Baseline Interpretation of Ecology & Biodiversity
The main environmental problems associated with developmental activities are deforestation, land degradation (change in topography, soil erosion), disturbance to hydrological system, water, air and noise pollution which ultimately impact upon the faunal and floral status and ecological systems of the project area. However, occurrence and magnitude of these impacts are entirely depends on project location, mode of operation and technology involved.
In general, impact prediction methods argue that the foremost step in impact appraisal must consider and identify project actions that are likely to bring significant changes in the project environment. The present study determined to predict the likely impacts of the present project in the surrounding environment with specific to biological attributes covering habitats/ecosystems and associated biodiversity. Likely impacts identified were categorized into different levels like, direct or primary and indirect or secondary impacts based on the influence of sources of impacts. In addition to it, certain project related activities can improve the surrounding environmental status in terms of improvement in infrastructural facility, natural resource, social and cultural development of the local community. These, changes can be identified as positive impacts of the proposed project.
1. This project not encompasses any designated forest land within it. Construction of site office and workshop will take place well within project area without taking any additional land and also no new road are proposed to develop to transport raw materials. Therefore project activities will not have any impacts like: loss of true forest habitat, floral species composition and overall faunal diversity.
2. There is no any permanent and larger extent of natural water bodies (perennial rivers, streams and lakes) area present within the project vicinity; and hence, impacts like loss of aquatic habitats, disturbance to the natural flow and associated aquatic biota was not envisaged. In addition, the water requirement for project operation/establishment will be met through the existing bore well and water for plantations is planned to use rain water stored in the rainwater harvesting tank. Hence, the proposed project does not depend on any natural water bodies to meet its water requirements and therefore no impact on wetland resources and natural water bodies and dependent faunal species are identified.
3. Heavy vehicle movements in and around the project area location expected to increase dust concentration in the area and villages nearest to road. However,
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extensive greenbelt development along the village roads and other roads in and around the project area with site-specific plant species (Annexure 6) which can act as bio-filters to reduce the level of pollutant concentration and especially dust emission and noise control and also improve the overall ambient air quality.
3.8 Socio Economic Environment
3.8.1 Introduction
Development of projects goes hand in hand with environmental impact hence before any project is undertaken the damages in relation to the benefits and negative should be measured. Unfortunately environmental issues are interdisciplinary, interactive, biological and probabilistic because the information is always deficient; the outcome has a considerable degree of uncertainty or risk. This conflict between development and conservation is difficult to reconcile. Environmental baseline, ecological reconnaissance and environmental impact studies provide databases and quantitative assessment of environmental factors related to development projects.
Any developmental activity will influence the socioeconomic conditions of the population in the region and thus the Quality of Life (QOL). Socioeconomic survey is necessary in EIA/EMP report preparation to predict the changes on social and economic status of the area. Hence baseline data for demographic characteristics, education, health, amenities and sensitive locations existing in and around the project area have been studied in the study area. For the study of socioeconomics 10 km radius around the site is selected.
The study area is agricultural land. The major language is Gujarati and Hindi with an accumulation of different cultures like Hindus, Muslims. It is the center of Gujarati cultural activities and diverse traditions of different ethnic and religious communities
3.8.2 Socioeconomics
Village/town wise population, households, Occupation and Literacy status have been collected based on Census, 2011 in the following aspects:
1. Total population 08.Total worker females (main + marginal) 2. Population (0-6 years) 09. Main workers (Persons) 3. Literacy rate (Persons) 10. Marginal workers (Persons)
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4. Literacy rate (Males) 11. Main workers (Persons) 5. Literacy rate (Females) 12. Non workers (Persons) 6. Total worker persons (main + 13. Non workers (Males) marginal) 7. Total worker males (main + 14. Non workers (Females) marginal)
3.8.3 Households
A 'household' is usually a group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevent any of them from doing so. Persons in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of unrelated persons live in a census house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not constituent of a common household. Each such person was to be treated as separate households. The important link is finding out whether it was a household or not was a common kitchen. There may be one member households, two member households or multi- member households.
There are nearly 98106 households are found in the study area. The list of Households is given in table 3.23.
3.8.4 Population
Village/ town wise population composition as per 2011 census is listed in table 3.23. The male & female population is 252330 and 232510 respectively. The SC and ST population from the total population is 8.77 % & 1.0 % respectively. The summarized data of population distribution is given in Table 3.23 and represented in Fig 3.19.
Table 3.23 Population Composition
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*As per 2011 census data S. Sub POPULATION SC POPULATION ST POPULATION Village name No. District HH T M F T M F T M F 1 Morbi Kerala 226 1022 528 494 87 41 46 0 0 0 2 Morbi Haripar 159 641 331 310 30 13 17 23 12 11 3 Morbi Rangpar 403 2123 1092 1031 159 81 78 0 0 0 4 Morbi Sanala 151 717 376 341 42 21 21 0 0 0 5 Morbi Unchi mandal 219 1154 584 570 123 66 57 0 0 0 6 Morbi Ghuntu 1663 8041 4179 3862 1011 514 497 272 135 137 7 Morbi Lakhdhirpar 182 1102 562 540 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 Morbi Jambudiya 1564 7312 3983 3329 1218 660 558 327 191 136 9 Morbi Bhadiyad 362 1852 951 901 284 153 131 0 0 0 10 Morbi Lalpar 1008 4358 2352 2006 390 204 186 521 289 232 11 Morbi Ravapar 236 1072 546 526 108 50 58 1 1 0 12 Morbi Trajpar 3428 16637 8732 7905 2903 1535 1368 212 114 98 13 Morbi Mahendranagar 2537 12567 6637 5928 1842 973 869 166 85 81 14 Morbi Amreli 171 897 476 421 37 21 16 0 0 0 15 Morbi Nani Vavdi 897 4485 2315 2170 481 255 226 19 9 10 16 Morbi Jepur 215 961 483 478 176 98 78 0 0 0 17 Morbi Morbi 81561 403995 209980 194015 31947 16689 15258 3131 1668 1463 18 Morbi Vanaliya 376 1905 986 919 51 29 22 0 0 0 19 Morbi Juna Sadulka 238 1100 578 522 0 0 0 8 6 2 20 Morbi Timbadi 295 1530 789 741 272 135 137 141 74 67 21 Morbi Dharampur 285 1579 808 771 63 33 30 0 0 0 22 Morbi Bela Rangpar 369 1871 943 928 62 33 29 0 0 0 23 Morbi Pipli 631 3165 1660 1505 554 294 260 36 20 16 24 Morbi Nava sadulka 930 4756 2459 2297 673 358 315 0 0 0
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S. Sub POPULATION SC POPULATION ST POPULATION Village name No. District HH T M F T M F T M F TOTAL 98106 484842 252330 232510 42513 22256 20257 4857 2604 2253
Fig 3.19 Percentage of Total Population Distribution
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3.8.5 Occupational structure
Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. It even includes part time help or unpaid work on farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. All persons engaged in 'work' as defined above are workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers. Occupational structure is divided in to 3 categories viz., Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers.
The distribution data for workers and non workers is given in Table 3.24 and Fig. 3.20
Main workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. 6 months or more) are termed as Main Workers. There are 155054 total main workers in this area.
Marginal workers: Those workers who have not worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as marginal workers. The total marginal workers are 7012 . Non workers: All workers, i.e., those who have been engaged in some economic activity during the last one-year, but are not cultivators or agricultural laborers or in Household Industry, are 'Other-Workers (OW)'. The type of workers that come under this category of 'OW' include all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, factory workers, plantation workers, those engaged in trade, commerce, business, transport banking, mining, construction, political or social work, priests, entertainment artists, etc. In effect, all those workers other than cultivators or agricultural laborers or household industry workers are other workers. The total Non workers are 318318.
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Table 3.24 Occupational Structure
Sr. Sub Total Workers Main Workers Marginal Worker Non Worker No Village District . T M F T M F T M F T M F 1 Morbi Kerala 191 108 83 88 88 0 24 16 8 704 232 472 2 Morbi Haripar 410 341 69 347 331 16 11 4 7 330 118 212 3 Morbi Rangpar 701 655 46 647 617 30 177 3 174 1422 437 985 4 Morbi Sanala 885 475 410 872 474 398 13 1 12 917 459 458 5 Morbi Unchi mandal 315 308 7 295 289 6 20 19 1 839 276 563 6 Morbi Ghuntu 3021 2543 478 2869 2473 396 152 70 82 5020 1636 3384 7 Morbi Lakhdhirpar 356 319 37 339 311 28 17 8 9 746 243 503 8 Morbi Jambudiya 2783 2246 537 2698 2191 507 85 55 30 4529 1737 2792 9 Morbi Bhadiyad 1476 1208 268 1204 995 209 272 213 59 1190 404 786 10 Morbi Lalpar 220 210 10 213 204 9 7 6 1 500 144 356 11 Morbi Ravapar 3861 3683 178 3687 3536 151 174 147 27 8345 2685 5660 12 Morbi Trajpar 5872 5078 794 5529 4834 695 343 244 99 10765 3654 7111 13 Morbi Mahendranagar 306 193 113 181 166 15 125 27 98 8157 2848 5309 14 Morbi Amreli 297 244 53 295 242 53 2 2 0 448 142 306 15 Morbi Nani Vavdi 561 493 68 553 487 66 8 6 2 1116 346 770 16 Morbi Jepur 868 516 352 855 516 339 13 0 13 618 258 360 17 Morbi Morbi 140989 120804 20185 128948 114340 14608 5108 3708 1400 263006 89176 173830 18 Morbi Vanaliya 670 578 92 594 519 75 76 59 17 1235 408 827 19 Morbi Juna Sadulka 367 330 37 361 327 34 6 3 3 733 248 485 20 Morbi Timbadi 586 457 129 470 412 58 116 45 71 944 332 612 21 Morbi Dharampur 513 468 45 508 467 41 5 1 4 1066 340 726 22 Morbi Bela Rangpar 895 577 318 800 551 249 95 26 69 631 233 398 23 Morbi Pipli 1224 1004 220 1089 955 134 135 49 86 1941 656 1285
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Sr. Sub Total Workers Main Workers Marginal Worker Non Worker No Village District . T M F T M F T M F T M F 24 Morbi Nava sadulka 1640 1439 201 1612 1417 195 28 22 6 3116 1020 2096 TOTAL 169007 144277 24730 155054 136742 18312 7012 4734 2278 318318 108032 210286 *As per 2011 census data.
Fig 3.20 Percentage Distribution of Workers
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3.8.6 Literacy
A person aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding any language has been taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for being treated as literate. People who were blind and could read in Braille are treated to be literates. A person, who can only read but cannot write, is treated as illiterate. All children of age 6 years or less, even if going to school and have picked up reading and writing, are treated as illiterates.
The total number of literates and illiterates are 214860 and 85560 respectively (Table 3.25 and Fig. 3.21)
Table 3.25 Literacy status
Sr. Sub Literate Illiterate Village No. District T M F T M F 1 Morbi Kerala 722 398 324 300 130 170 2 Morbi Haripar 432 260 172 331 132 199 3 Morbi Rangpar 1491 851 640 632 241 391 4 Morbi Sanala 856 540 316 946 394 552 5 Morbi Unchi mandal 797 431 366 357 153 204 6 Morbi Ghuntu 5332 3100 2232 2709 1079 1630 7 Morbi Lakhdhirpar 620 364 256 482 198 284 8 Morbi Jambudiya 4208 2637 1571 3104 1346 1758 9 Morbi Bhadiyad 2740 1619 1121 1410 564 846 10 Morbi Lalpar 524 282 242 196 72 124 11 Morbi Ravapar 9931 5418 4513 2275 950 1325 12 Morbi Trajpar 11020 6427 4593 5617 2305 3312 13 Morbi Mahendranagar 7953 4712 3241 4612 1925 2687 14 Morbi Amreli 524 304 220 221 82 139 15 Morbi Nani Vavdi 1155 628 527 522 211 311 16 Morbi Jepur 966 561 405 520 213 307 17 Morbi Morbi 153692 85159 68533 56759 24292 32467 18 Morbi Vanaliya 1457 805 652 448 181 267 19 Morbi Juna Sadulka 786 436 350 314 142 172 20 Morbi Timbadi 1530 850 680 558 228 330 21 Morbi Dharampur 994 583 411 585 225 360 22 Morbi Bela Rangpar 1414 806 608 457 137 320 23 Morbi Pipli 2239 1273 966 926 387 539 24 Morbi Nava sadulka 3477 1981 1496 1279 478 801 Total 214860 120425 94435 85560 36065 49495 *As per 2011 census data.
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Fig 3.20 Percentage Distribution of Literacy levels
3.8.7 Amenities
Education, Medical, Water availability, Post & Telegraph, Communication, Banking facilities and Power supply are considered for the study. Village wise list of amenities are given in table 3.26 (as per 2001 Census).
Table 3.26 Basic Amenities detail for study villages covered in 10 km radius (As per census 2011*) Facilities Available Type of Facilities Available (Nos.) Sr. Post, Village Approach No. Drinking Power Telegraph Educational to Transportation Medical Water supply and Facilities Village Telephone District: Morbi T NH W DR 1 Timbadi EA T B P-1 ____ HP PR F T DR W PR 2 Dharampur HP EA T B P-2 ____ KR TW F R/C T CHW MR TW PO B P PHC 3 Kerala EA PR TK T RS C MCW
PHS 4 Haripar T EA T B P CHW
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Facilities Available Type of Facilities Available (Nos.) Sr. Post, Village Approach No. Drinking Power Telegraph Educational to Transportation Medical Water supply and Facilities Village Telephone TW PR PO RS C MCW TK PHC AH NH T DR 5 Jambudiya EA T B P PHS TW PR
T PHC P W PR T B CHW 6 Rangpar EA SS TK F PO RS PHC C MCW NH P-1 7 Lalpar T EA PR T B PHC SS-1 F DR T 8 Lakhdhirpur EA PR T B P-1 PHC TW F PHS MR CHW T T B P 9 Sanala EA H W PO RS C F MCW PHC PHS P T T B CHW 10 Vajepar EA PR S w PO RS MCW C PHC DR T 11 EA PR T B P PHS W Pipali F T PR PHS T B P 12 HP EA MR H PO RS C Ravapar W F MCW SH B T T P PHS 13 EA PR W PO PHC Amreli F RS PHS P CHW T T B 14 Nani vavdi EA PR S H HP PO RS C MCW PHC T DR T B 15 W EA KR P PHS PO RS Bhadiyad TW F 16 Unchi T EA SH T B P PHS
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Facilities Available Type of Facilities Available (Nos.) Sr. Post, Village Approach No. Drinking Power Telegraph Educational to Transportation Medical Water supply and Facilities Village Telephone Mandal W PR PO RS C TW F T PR PHS TK T B P 17 Jepur EA MCW C PO RS C PHC W MR T SH P T B 18 Ghuntu W EA PR SS PHS PO RS TW F SSS T W PR T B P MCW 19 Vanaliya EA TK MR PO RS C PHC C CHW Juna T T B P H 20 EA PR sadulka W PO RS C MCW PHC CHW Bela T T B P H 21 EA PR Rangpar W PO RS C MCW PHC CHW T T B P H 22 Gor khijadia EA PR W PO RS C MCW PHC CHW T SH P PHC W DR T B SS PHS 23 Morbi TW EA PR PO RS SSC MCW R KR C AH F D PHS P CHW Nava T PR T BS 24 EA S H Sadulka W MR PO RS C MCW PHC
Education P Primary School M Middle school SS Secondary School SSC Senior Secondary School C College
Medical CHW Community Health Worker
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PHC Primary Health Center PHS Primary Health Sub-Center MCW Maternity Child Welfare TB T.B. Clinic AH Allophatic Hospital D Dispensary FWC Family Welfare Center
Water T : Tap W : Well HP : Hand Pump TW : Tube Well R/C : River/Canal T/P/L: Tank/Pond/Lake O : Other
Communication Facility PO : Post Office PT : Post and Telegraph Office T : Telephone (landlines) PCO/M: Public Call Office /Mobile (PCO) IC : Internet Cafes / Common Service Centre (CSC) C : Private Courier Facility
Transportation B : Bus RS : Railway Station T : Taxi S/R/F : Sea/River/Ferry Service
Approach to Village NH : National Highway SH : State Highway DR : District Road PR : Black Topped (pucca) Road KR : Gravel (kuchha) Roads NW : Navigable Waterways (River/Canal) F : Foothpath
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Fig. 3.22 Photograph showing Socio-Economic Data Collection
Village : Dharampur Village : Pipli
3.8.8 Site Specific Studies
The following site specific studies have been conducted in order to study the present Socio - Economic conditions prevailing around the plant site for the establishment of an interactive environment between the residents of the area with the proponent which would be helpful for the proponent for the assessment of the required developments of the area.
This study was carried out by looking and maintaining a good understanding of that locality as well as their Socio-Economic status which can help in the assessment of their Socio-Economic status, Costumes, Requirements for the development etc. For such benefits the following site study has been conducted.
3.8.9 Organization and Manpower
In any commercial manufacturing company, it is very important to have a proper organization. This is more so in case the manufacturing involves various processes and different technical disciplines.
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP is a proposed plant in Gujarat. Management control and areas of responsibility should be well defined. Hence, for the purpose of this report, the organization required for proposed plant, after commissioning of the new facilities, has been considered. Manpower requirements have been assessed keeping in view the degree of automation & computerization envisaged, minimum paper work, round the clock operations etc. The total requirement is 10.
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3.8.10 Impacts of the proposed project
The industry will provide direct and indirect Employment for many of the local population. It will create employment 10 and helps to improve the social status of the local community.
No Rehabilitation or land acquisition is needed for this industry. This project is not expected to generate any significant public controversy. Workers including casual workers such as truck drivers will be provided with basic amenities like safe water supply, low cost sanitation facilities, first aid, required personal protective equipments, etc. Workers will also be provided with sufficient infrastructural facilities including drinking water, toilets, sanitation facilities, power, easily accessible approach roads, communication, etc.
Moreover unit would be carrying out CSR activities in nearby villages in the field of public health and green belt development; which would contribute to improvements of the public health in the region to some extent. Other impacts of the proposed project are:
¾ Any industrial growth will improve economic status of the people either directly or indirectly. ¾ Creation of employment generation is an another positive impact anticipated from this plant ¾ The development of infrastructure (roads, lighting etc) may not only helpful for transportation but also to improve aesthetic value of the site. ¾ The proposed green belt plan also generates some employment (labor for plantation development) and provide hygienic environment. ¾ Non- workers comprises of 65 % of the total population in the study area. This intense unemployment fate can be for extent can be reduced. ¾ Labour quarters will be provided for workers in operation phase of plant.
A slight increase in traffic during construction would result as workers arrive and depart the site and as materials and equipment are delivered. This temporary traffic increase would represent only small fluctuations within the normal range.
3.9 Traffic Survey
Traffic counts are important to calculate the existing and proposed load on the existing road due to upcoming Project.
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Project site is to be located on internal road of village. Unit will use the road passing at the project site from Bhunava Village which further connects to National Highway 8A. Thus, traffic survey has been carried out for the route from S. H. 321 to Darbar Gadh village & traffic on N.H. 8A. Studied route is shown in figure below:
A B
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
A = Route A = Traffic on N.H. 8A from Project site 0.73 km
B = Route B = Traffic from S. H. 321 to Darbar Gadh village from Project site 0.75 km
Fig. 3.23 Image showing Traffic Surveying Location
Details regarding the traffic survey are: Traffic counts were collected and recorded in 4 hours intervals. Morning period (peak hours) survey was carried out from 10.00-14.00 hrs. Evening period (peak hours) survey was carried out from 16:00 to 20:00 hrs. Traffic counts observed during the above survey are tabulated below;
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Table 3.27: Traffic Count Data
Route-2 S. H. 321 to Darbar Route-1 N. H. 8A Gadh village
Type of Vehicles Timings of Survey (hrs) Timings of Survey (hrs) 24/11/2017 24/11/2017 10.00-14.00 16.00-20.00 10.00-14.00 16.00-20.00 (4 hr) (4 hr) (4 hr) (4 hr) Large Trailer 85 73 2 3 Heavy (Bus, Truck, etc) 48 52 1 2 Medium (Tractors, light commercial vehicles etc) 30 25 6 8 Light (Car, Jeep, Pickup Van etc.) 185 160 4 6 3 Wheeler (Rickshaw) 79 63 2 3 2 Wheeler (Scooter, motorcycle, cycle etc) 225 260 12 17
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CHAPTER – 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER – 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Preamble
Detailed Environmental Impacts Assessment on air, water, land, sociology, flora & fauna, etc. due to proposed project are identified and addressed in this chapter. Impact identification and prediction is a way of ‘mapping’ the environmental consequences of the significant aspects of the project and its alternatives. Various methods and technologies are available to predict the impacts of project developmental activities on environment. These predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre-project) status of the environment to derive the ultimate (post-project) scenario of environmental conditions. It helps to prepare the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) which is required to be executed during the on-going activities for the proposed project to minimize the adverse impacts on environmental quality.
The mathematical models are the best tools to quantitatively describe the cause- effect relationships between sources of pollution and effect of pollution on different components of environment. The environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary, secondary or tertiary. Primary impacts are those, which are linked directly to the project, secondary and tertiary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and typically include the effects on social and economic patterns of the surrounding.
The proposed project would create impact on the environment in two distinct phases.
Temporary or short term effects Long term effects
Environmental Impact Assessment Study for the proposed project includes:
x Identification of all components of the project and prediction of impacts that may be caused by the proposed project x Classification of the probable impacts i.e. positive or negative, short term or long term. x Evaluation of the impacts i.e. quantitative & qualitative assessment of the
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impacts on the surroundings.
The construction and operational phase of the proposed project comprises of various activities each of which may have an impact on some or other environmental components, which have been studied to estimate the impact on the environment.
4.2 Prediction and Evaluation of Impacts
An impact can be defined positive or negative change in Physical, Chemical, Biological and Socio-Economic environment that can be attributed to activities related to alternatives under study for meeting the project needs. Impact assessments provide an organized approach for prediction and assessing these impacts. In most of cases the predictions consists of indicating merely whether there will be degradation, no change or enhancement of environment quality. In other cases, quantitative ranking scales are to be used.
Prediction requires scientific skill drawn from many disciplines. Prediction of ecological components is often uncertain, because their response to environmental stress cannot be predicted in absolute terms. Scientific techniques and methodologies based on mathematical modeling are available for studying impacts of various project activities on environmental parameters.
The Environmental Impact Assessment is accomplished by identification and prediction of impacts of the proposed plant on the surroundings and their assessment. Potential impacts of proposed expansion on various environmental attributes given below are predicted;
x Air Environment x Water Environment x Land Environment x Noise Environment x Health & Safety x Ecology & Biodiversity x Socio Economic
The nature of the impacts due to said project activities are discussed in detail. Each parameter identified is singularly considered for the anticipated impact due
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to various project activities. The impact is quantified using numerical scores. In order to assess the impact accurately, each parameter is discussed in detail covering project activities like to be generate impact and quantification and prediction of impact.
A. Construction Phase Generally construction phase involves activities like x Site Cleaning, x Excavation, x Construction, x Installation of Plant Machinery, x Raw Material Transportation and Handling, x Greenbelt Development and Labour Employment.
Greenbelt development is proposed to be taken up at the initial stage and hence it has been considered in this phase.
Minor and temporary impacts are expected due to the construction activities. Generally Air, Noise level and Soil are likely to be affected by these activities. All the impacts of construction phase will be short term only and it is very limited as minor construction work is anticipated for requirement of project.
B. Operation Phase Generally operational phase involves activities like x Raw Material Storage & Handling & Transportation, x Production Activity, x Product Storage, x Handling & Transportation, x Gaseous Emission, x Water Consumption & Wastewater Discharge, x Solid & Hazardous Waste Generation, x Labor Employment, x Infrastructure Development and Greenbelt Development.
This phase of project is important as it generates long term impact as the production starts. The primary impact causing likely deterioration will be on Air, Water, Noise, Soil and Flora – Fauna due to Air Emission, Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation, Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation, Noise Generation and Transportation.
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4.3 Impact Identification
The identification of environmental impacts has been made, based on the understanding of cause-condition-effect relationship between an activity and the impact component. In this EIA report, an attempt has been made here through the use of "Activity Effect" matrix.
Impact Identification Matrix is shown in the Table 4.1 (for construction and operation phase of proposed project). Various activities belonging to industrial project have been grouped and arranged in rows. The environmental factors, which are being potentially impacted, have been arranged in columns. A preliminary scrutiny has been done and the cells, which fall at the junction of the “Activity” and “Factor” that have possible interaction with each other, have been crossed.
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The Matrix, thus, establishes the possible “cause-effect” relationship and identifies the environmental factors being impacted and activities responsible for the same.
Table 4.1: Impact Identification Matrix Aspect Land Use Resource Air Water Noise Terrestrial Socio- Infrastructure Human & Depletion Quality Quality Level & Economic & Health Activity Soil Aquatic Status Services Ecology Land Acquisition
and Site Clearing
Construction/
Civil Work
Material & Product
Storage/Handling
Fuel & Electricity
Consumption Gaseous
Emissions Fugitive
Emissions Water
Consumption Wastewater
Generation
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Aspect Land Use Resource Air Water Noise Terrestrial Socio- Infrastructure Human & Depletion Quality Quality Level & Economic & Health Activity Soil Aquatic Status Services Ecology Solid & Hazardous Waste Storage & Disposal Spillage and
Leakage
Shutdown/Startup
Plant Operation
Equipment Failures
Transportation
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4.4 Assessment of Impacts
This section is devoted to the assessment of impacts due to the proposed industrial project, which are the most important components of EIA. Assessment involves determination of nature and extent of impacts due to the industrial activities or the actions involved. Here it is determined whether the environmental impacts are:
1. Positive or Negative impact 2. Short term or Long term impact
Based on Environmental Impact Analysis, the Environmental Impacts under this step are quantitatively and qualitatively assessed. Please refer Table 4.2.
Quantitative Quantitative assessment is done with the help of a mathematical model has been done wherever possible. The mathematical model used for assessment in the present study includes “AERMOD VIEW – 9.0.0” Dispersion Model for air quality. Also mathematical model has been done for Risk Assessment by “ALOHA” model given in chapter no. 7.
Qualitative Qualitative assessment is done with the help of on available scientific knowledge and judgment. For other cases i.e. Water, Noise, Land / Soil, Ecology, Socio-economic etc., the available scientific knowledge and judgments have been used.
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Table 4.2: Assessment of Impacts Aspect Land Use Resource Air Water Noise Terrestrial Socio- Infrastructure Human & Depletion Quality Quality Level & Economic & Health Activity Soil Aquatic Status Services Ecology Land Acquisition (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) (+ve) (-ve)
and Site Clearing L.T. L.T. S.T. S.T. L.T. S.T. S.T. S.T.
Construction/ (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) (+ve) (-ve)
Civil Work S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T.
Material & Product (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Storage/Handling L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T.
Fuel & Electricity (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (+ve)
Consumption L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. Gaseous (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Emissions L.T. L.T. S.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. Fugitive (-ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Emissions S.T. S.T. S.T. Water (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Consumption L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. Wastewater (-ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Generation S.T. S.T. S.T. Solid & Hazardous (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) (-ve) Waste Storage & L.T. S.T. S.T. L.T. L.T. Disposal Spillage and (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve)
Leakage S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T.
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Aspect Land Use Resource Air Water Noise Terrestrial Socio- Infrastructure Human & Depletion Quality Quality Level & Economic & Health Activity Soil Aquatic Status Services Ecology (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) Shutdown/Startup S.T. S.T. L.T.
(-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) (+ve) (-ve) Plant Operation L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. L.T. (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) (-ve) Equipment Failures S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T. S.T.
(-ve) (-ve) (-ve) (+ve) (+ve) (-ve) Transportation L.T. S.T. S.T. L.T. L.T. L.T.
(-ve): Negative (+ve): Positive S.T.: Short Term L.T.: Long Term
4.5 Quantification of Impacts
The identified environmental impacts belong to different component of the environment needs to be aggregated to get a total score of the environmental impact of the proposed project.
4.5.1 Environmental Attributes & Relative Importance
Environmental changes, expected out of any physical development, can result in adverse and/or beneficial results. The relevant parts of the receiving environment have been subjectively singled out, as “Environmental Attributes”, and the impact due to various activities on these attributes have been studied. The typical set of environmental attributes and their relative importance,
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adopted for the present study, has been attributed, has been presented in Table 4.3.
Table 4.3: Environmental Attributes
Sr. Environmental Relative Remarks No. Attributes Importance (%) 1 Air Quality 20 Relatively high importance due to anticipated impacts due to flue gas and process gas emissions
in the form of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and VOC. 2 Water Quality 15 Relatively medium importance due to ground water abstraction for domestic, industrial and gardening activities as well as wastewater generation from various project activities. 3 Terrestrial & 10 Relatively medium importance as no major forest or reserve forest area located within 10 km of Aquatic Ecology the project site and the impact anticipated to be limited to a small periphery around the site. 4 Socio-Economic 15 Relatively medium importance with positive impact due to direct employment and indirect Status employment. 5 Human Health 15 Relatively medium importance as the project is to be situated in rural/non industrial area and project activities may have impact on human health. 6 Resource 10 Relatively medium importance due to non-renewable resource consumption in the form of fuel, Depletion electricity etc. and reuse of wastewater. 7 Noise Level 5 Relatively low importance due to the fact that sources of noise are limited and in most cases noise level are within the stipulated norms. 8 Land Use & Soil 5 Relatively low importance as the project consumes average amount of land and adequate disposal mechanism of solid/hazardous waste. 9 Infrastructure & 5 Relatively low importance due to beneficial to infrastructure sector, service sectors as well trades. Services Total 100
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4.5.2 Magnitude Criteria
(a) Negligible Impacts (Score + 1) It signifies that the actions have some effects but it will not cause any quantifiable damage or benefit to the attributers concerned, the score is assigned to be 1.
(b) Marginal Impacts (Score + 2) The activities and their environmental impacts are judged to be slightly significant or significant but for short term, the score is assigned to be 2.
(c) Significant Impacts (Score + 3) The activities and their environmental impacts are judged to be significant or reversible, the score is assigned to be 3.
(d) Highly Significant Impacts (Score + 4) The activities and their environmental impacts are judged to be significant, and irreversible, the score is assigned to be 4.
The (+) sign signifies positive impact and (-) sign signifies negative impact on the concerned environmental attributes.
4.5.3 Matrix Development
The environment impact evaluation matrix, for the proposed project, with mitigation measures for all the adverse impacts, have been formulated and presented in Table 4.4. Their respective cumulative impact matrices are presented in Table 4.5.
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Table 4.4: The Activity – Impact Evaluation Matrix Aspect Land Use Resource Air Water Noise Terrestrial Socio- Infrastructure Human & Depletion Quality Quality Level & Economic & Health Activity Soil Aquatic Status Services Ecology Land Acquisition -2 -3 -1 -1 -2 +2 +1 -1 and Site Clearing
Construction/ -2 -2 -2 -2 -2 +3 +3 -2 Civil Work
Material & Product -1 -2 -2 -2 Storage/Handling
Fuel & Electricity -4 -3 -2 +3 Consumption Gaseous -2 -4 -1 -3 -2 -2 Emissions Fugitive -1 -1 -1 Emissions Water -2 -3 -4 -2 -2 -2 Consumption Wastewater -1 -2 -1 Generation Solid & Hazardous Waste Storage & -2 -1 -1 +2 -1 Disposal Spillage and -2 -3 -3 -1 -2
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Aspect Land Use Resource Air Water Noise Terrestrial Socio- Infrastructure Human & Depletion Quality Quality Level & Economic & Health Activity Soil Aquatic Status Services Ecology Leakage
Shutdown/Startup -1 -1 +2
Plant Operation -2 -4 -3 -3 -2 -2 +4 +3 -3
Equipment Failures -1 -1 -1 -2 -2 +2 -2
Transportation -3 -3 -2 +3 +2 -2
TOTAL -14 -23 -24 -17 -12 -13 +6 +16 -21
Note: (+) = Positive impacts and (-) = Negative impacts on attributes
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Table 4.5: Cumulative Impact Matrix Environmental Attributes Cumulative Score for each Relative Importance of Cumulative Significance attribute, Si each attribute, Wi (%) ( Si x Wi ) / 100 Air Quality -24 20 -4.8 Water Quality -17 15 -2.55 Terrestrial & Aquatic Ecology -13 10 -1.3 Socio-Economic Status +6 15 +0.9 Human Health -21 15 -3.1 Resource Depletion -23 10 -2.3 Noise Level -12 5 -0.6 Land Use & Soil -14 5 -0.7 Infrastructure & Services +16 5 +0.8 Cumulative Score -13.65
As shown in Table 4.5, the cumulative value of significance of the project, in terms of the impact on the environment, with mitigation measures works out to be (-) 13.65.
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4.6 Mitigation Measures for Impacts on Environment during Construction Phase
During construction phase, major impacts anticipated will be increase in dust contamination and noise. However, the impacts of the construction period will be localised and limited up to the construction phase. Impacts during construction phase and its mitigative measures are given in Table 4.6.
Table 4.6: Construction Phase: Impacts & its Mitigation Measures Attributes Impacts and its Mitigation Measures Land Use Any construction activity brings significant change to the site topsoil. Excavation and construction material waste disposal is likely to affect land. However, such solid wastes are inert in nature and will be collected and utilized in levelling of the low lying areas within the premises of proposed plant and road construction at the site. Water During construction phase, quantity of waste water generated will be very less Quality or insignificant and the same will be disposed off through soak pit system. Air The main sources of emission during the construction period are the Quality movement of construction equipment at site and dust emitted during the levelling grading, earthwork and foundation works. Exhaust emission from vehicles and equipment deployed during the construction phase is also likely
to result in marginal increase in the levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NO2.
The impact will be limited to the construction period as well as the impact will be limited to the construction area. This will be confined within the project boundary and is expected to be negligible outside the project boundary. The impact will, however, be reversible, marginal and temporary in nature. Proper maintenance of vehicles and construction equipment will help in controlling the gaseous emissions. Water sprinkling on roads and construction site will prevent fugitive dust. Noise During construction, construction equipment including dozer, scrapers, concrete mixers, generators, vibrators and power tools, and vehicles will be the major noise sources. Construction noise is difficult to predict because the level of activity will constantly change. Most of construction activities are expected to produce noise level within the prescribed limit. The noise generated from various sources will be of short duration. Therefore, no significant impact is envisaged in the construction phase. Geo- During construction phase, the water requirement will be met through Water Hydrology Tankers. Therefore, there will be no significant impact on groundwater. Geology & During construction activity, the impact on soil will be limited to the Soil construction site only. Impact on soil during construction would be mainly due to the left out of construction material used and change in soil structure
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Attributes Impacts and its Mitigation Measures and texture due to spillage & leakage of fuel will occur. Hence, proper care would be taken so that minimum amount of waste is produced and most of it gets recycled. The topsoil removed during the levelling will be stacked separately and will be used for levelling of project site as well as for greenbelt development. During construction phase, change in soil structure and texture due to spillage & leakage of fuel will occur. But, the significant will be very less and for short period. Ecology Various construction activities will be carried out on site for setting up of the and project. Greenbelt has been developed to improve the aesthetic value in the Biodiversity area and to reduce the fugitive dust. However, such impacts will be confined to the project site and will be minimized through water sprinkling. Hence there will be insignificant impact on the ecology.
4.7 Mitigation Measures for Impacts on Environment during Operational Phase
Impacts during operation phase and its mitigative measures are given in Table 4.7.
Table 4.7: Operation Phase: Impacts & its Mitigation Measures Attributes Impacts and its Mitigation Measures Land Use During operation activity the impact of air, water and solid waste pollution on soil causes direct/indirect effect on soil. As all necessary air pollution control steps will be provided and based on the results of the dispersion model for the ground level concentrations of various pollutants after the commissioning of the proposed activity, there will not be any adverse impact on soil.
There will be no adverse effect of wastewater on soil since the treated effluent emanating from the ETP will be evaporated in an evaporator.
All necessary control steps/measures will be provided for handling, storage and disposal of solid/ hazardous waste generated. Industry has also developed dense greenbelt area within the premises which will not only increase the aesthetic of that area but also prevent soil erosion which may change the landuse pattern of that area. Thus, there will not be any significant impact on land environment. Water Water requirement is to be met from Own Borewell. Quality Domestic wastewater generated will be disposed off through soak pit system. The final treated industrial effluent from effluent treatment plant will be evaporated in an evaporator. Therefore no effluent will be required to be discharged and the stated process would be a ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE
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Attributes Impacts and its Mitigation Measures process.
Thus, there will not be any adverse impact on the quantity and quality of ground water as well surface water during operation phase. Air Quality The operational activities are usually expected to have long-term impacts on air quality. The major source of air pollution due to proposed activity will be flue gas emissions from the Steam Boiler & TFH. The fugitive emissions of particulate matter will likely to arise during various stages of operations such as material unloading, material transfer and storage etc. The concentrations of pollutants at the ground levels have been computed using computer simulation model to assess the impact of emissions for the proposed activity. Impacts of emissions on air quality have been evaluated using dispersion model (AERMOD VIEW – 9.0) which are described in Section 4.8 of this Chapter. Noise The specifications for procuring major noise generating machines/equipment shall include built in design requirements to have minimum noise levels meeting Occupational Safety and Health Association (OSHA) requirement. Appropriate noise barriers/shields, silencers etc. shall be provided in the equipment wherever feasible. Noise emanating from noisy equipment shall be adequately attenuated by enclosure, insulation etc. Geo There should be proper collection and handling of effluent to avoid any Hydrology leakages and spillages. It is recommended to provide pucca flooring in the process area as well as in chemical storage area. Chemical storage area is to be provided with dyke wall to control or stop the effluent discharge on land which may contaminate soil. Industry should explore the possibility of reuse/recycle and other cleaner production options for reduction of waste and to conserve fresh water.
Specific mitigation as the creation of sediment retention basins or planting of rapidly growing vegetation to improve the moist condition of soil and control soil erosion. To perform rain water harvesting system for ground water recharge purpose as it is simple, economical and eco-friendly. It reduce run off ground water pollution and soil erosion. Geology & Most of the impacts of the proposed project on soils are restricted to the Soil construction phase, which will get stabilized during operational phase. The impact on the topsoil will be confined to the proposed main project area. There are minimal chances that air borne fugitive dust from the project may likely get deposited in the immediate vicinity. However, the flue gas emissions will be controlled by an effective dust extraction and suppression system and source emission by installing highly efficient bag filter/ other pollution control facilities at suitable locations.
The storage and handling of raw materials shall be done properly to prevent
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Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
Attributes Impacts and its Mitigation Measures any spillage & leakage. Hazardous wastes will be stored at earmarked area with impervious flooring, shed and spillage/leakage collection system to eliminate rainwater contamination, chances of overflow / spillages going on to the land and thus land/ soil contamination. The hazardous waste generated during the operation phase, will properly disposed so that there is no spill and contamination of land. The hazardous waste will be sent for disposal to authorized TSDF on regular basis as per the Hazardous Waste Rules. Ecology There is no any sanctuary and national park within the 10 km area from the and proposed project site. Also no rare and endangered flora and fauna have been Biodiversity reported during study in 10 km area surrounding to the project site. Proposed project will be carried out in open land and no vegetation will be required to be cleared.
The chances of adverse effect on ecology due to the proposed project may occur due to air pollution caused by process and flue gases emissions. However, unit has proposed adequate environmental management systems and the same will be efficiently operated during the operation of project. Regular monitoring of various parameters will be carried out. Thus, there will not be any adverse impact anticipated on surrounding ecology due to the proposed project. On the contrary, greenbelt development will have positive impact on the surrounding flora and fauna. Socio- The proposed project activity will be benefitted by direct & indirect Economic employment leading to better lifestyle. Standard of living of population surrounding the project is likely to be improved as proposed project will generate employment for local people of the nearby area. Educational, medical and housing facilities in the study area will considerably improve.
In addition, unit will carry out CSR activities in the nearby area in the field of health, sanitation, medical aids, educational aid and contribution in infrastructural development which will have beneficial impacts on socio- economic environment.
Health & Impacts on health and safety could be due to the operation of project activities Safety like processing, storage, and transport facilities. However, the industry has incorporated all the necessary safety aspects in planning, designing and operation of the plant as per standard practices. Hence, there will be minimal impact on this account.
In the proposed unit, drinking water and sanitation facilities will be provided to workers. All the necessary Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) will be provided for the respective works. Unit will provide such arrangements to minimize manual handling of chemicals and hazardous wastes. Wherever
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Attributes Impacts and its Mitigation Measures possible, the automatic chemical transfer systems will be provided to avoid any leakage during hazardous material transfer. Regular health check-ups will be carried out for all workers and record will be maintained. Medical, fire and safety trainings will be given time-to-time. Moreover, unit will provide proper Environmental Management System and operate the same efficiently. Thus, there will not be any possibility of adverse impact on workers health. Thus, no significant impact on health and safety will be occurred due to the proposed project activity.
4.8 Impact on Air Quality
A. Input data of Flue Gas Stack
The proposed unit will operate Steam Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater to generate steam required during manufacturing process. The details of flue gas stack are given in Table 4.8.
Table 4.8: Details of Flue Gas Stacks
Sr. Stack Fuel APCM Expected Stack attached to No. Height Requirement Pollutant Imported Coal/ Multi Cyclone Steam Boiler (3 TPH) Briquettes/Pellets Separator SPM d 150 1 30 m followed by Bag mg/Nm3 Thermic Fluid Heater 1.29 MT/day Filter SO2 d 100 (10 Lac Kcal/hr) ppm HSD NO2 d 50 D.G. set 2 6 m Not Applicable* ppm (350 KVA) 46.5 Liters/Hr.
Note: *D.G. Set will be used only in case of power failure.
Input data: Stack Identification : Steam Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater – Common Stack Stack Height : 30.0 m Vent Diameter : 1.0 m Flow rate : 7.07 m3/s Exit stack gas velocity : 9 m/s Exit gas temperature : 180 oC Ambient temperature : 25 oC
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Table 4.9: Expected Pollutants and its Emission Rate
Expected Pollutants Emission Rate
Particulate Matters (PM10) 2.83 g/sec Sulfur Dioxide 0.12 g/sec Nitrogen Dioxide 0.6 g/sec
B. Primary Meteorological Data:
Primary meteorological data have been used for AERMOD View-9.0. The said primary data is attached as Annexure - 4.
Assessment of Impact on AAQ:
The AERMOD model is used to predict the centerline ground level concentrations of Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide in the surrounding study area. The prediction is done in relation to the source strength and meteorological conditions for the study period.
The Ground Level Concentrations (GLCs) for Particulate Matter, Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide in the study area for all the stability conditions are calculated for the maximum emission load. For the calculations, meteorological data like average wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, temperature, precipitation, cloud cover and ceiling height for the period of 24/11/2017 to 15/02/2018 and
emission rate of PM10, SO2 & NO2 and height & diameter of the stack is considered.
Predicted ground level concentrations of PM10, SO2 and NO2 are presented in the Figure 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and Table 4.10, 4.11 & 4.12.
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Figure 4.1 Ground Level Concentration of PM10
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
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Figure 4.2 Ground Level Concentration of SO2
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
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Figure 4.3 Ground Level Concentration of NO2
Source: Satellite Image (Google Earth)
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Table 4.10: Predicted 24 hourly short term incremental Concentrations of PM10
Existing Total PM10
monitored Predicted PM10 Concentrations Sr. Monitoring Distance Direction maximum PM10 Concentration after the proposed No. Location (km) concentration (μg/m3) project (μg/m3) (μg/m3) 1 Project Site -- -- 81.7 0.03 81.73
2 Pipli 1.28 SSE 62.36 1 63.36
3 Dharampur 2.44 WSW 60.80 0.30 61.10 Nava 4 8.45 NNW 65.94 0.10 66.04 Sadulka 5 Sanala* 6.76 ENE 56.60 0.30 56.90 Bela 6 4.52 NE 55.80 0.10 55.90 Rangpar* 7 Morbi 5.54 SW 67.41 0.10 67.51
8 Ghuntu 4.96 ESE 61.49 0.10 61.59 Note: * Downwind direction
Table 4.11: Predicted 24 hourly short term incremental Concentrations of SO2
Existing Total SO2
monitored Predicted SO2 Concentrations Sr. Monitoring Distance Direction maximum SO2 Concentration after the proposed No. Location (km) Concentration (μg/m3) project (μg/m3) (μg/m3) 1 Project Site -- -- 14.9 0.002 14.902
2 Pipli 1.28 SSE 10.83 0.050 10.88
3 Dharampur 2.44 WSW 12.63 0.030 12.66
4 Nava Sadulka 8.45 NNW 16.21 0.030 16.24
5 Sanala* 6.76 ENE 13.67 0.050 13.72 Bela 6 4.52 NE 9.62 0.010 9.63 Rangpar* 7 Morbi 5.54 SW 15.38 0.010 15.39
8 Ghuntu 4.96 ESE 11.88 0.010 11.89 Note: *Downwind direction
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Table 4.12: Predicted 24 hourly short term incremental Concentrations of NO2
Existing Total NO2
monitored Predicted NO2 Concentrations Sr. Monitoring Distance Direction maximum NO2 Concentration after the proposed No. Location (km) Concentration (μg/m3) project (μg/m3) (μg/m3) 1 Project Site -- -- 28.3 0.007 28.307
2 Pipli 1.28 SSE 21.03 0.10 21.13
3 Dharampur 2.44 WSW 25.99 0.10 26.09
4 Nava Sadulka 8.45 NNW 23.45 0.040 23.49
5 Sanala* 6.76 ENE 22.65 0.060 22.71 Bela 6 4.52 NE 20.86 0.010 20.87 Rangpar* 7 Morbi 5.54 SW 26.70 0.050 26.75 8 Ghuntu 4.96 ESE 19.58 0.040 19.62 Note: *Downwind direction
After the establishment of the proposed project, these concentrations are found to be well below the permissible NAAQs norms for rural/residential zone and Industrial zone. Therefore, the proposed activity will not have any adverse impact on the air environment.
4.9 Existing Traffic & Vehicular Pollution
Traffic survey has been carried out on adjacent S. H. 321 to Darbar Gadh village from Project site 0.76 km and N.H. 8A from Project site 0.74 km. Based on the traffic survey hourly vehicular traffic has been calculated. Considering worst case scenario, average number of vehicles observed during 4 hours has been taken as hourly counts. Passenger Car Unit (PCU) has been calculated by applying PCU factor. Proposed load of trucks due to the movement of raw materials, fuel and products has been calculated. A design capacity of road has been taken from the Indian Road Congress. Assessment of proposed traffic load is given below in Table 4.13.
From the table below, it can be concluded that even for considering the worst case; there will be minor increase in vehicular load due to the proposed project. However, the total traffic load even after the proposed project will be very low compared to the design capacity of roads. Adequate parking arrangements will be
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provided within the industrial premises.
As no major increase in traffic due to the proposed project, there will be less chance of increase in vehicular pollution. However, unit will take adequate measures by instructing transporter for using only PUC certified trucks/vehicles and carrying out regular service and maintenance of them.
Table 4.13: Assessment of Proposed Traffic Load
SH 321 to Village Darbar PCU NH 8A PCU Gadh Factor Factor Vehicles as per Vehicles Equivalent Equivalent as per Type of Vehicles Per Hour Indian Per Hour PCU PCU Indian (worst Road (worst (Passenger (Passenger Car Road case) Code case) Car Unit) per Unit) per hour Code hour Large Trailer -- -- 4.5 1 4.5 4.5 Heavy Vehicle 9.6 1.2 3 (Bus, Truck, etc.) 8 5 15 Medium Vehicle (Tractors, Light 15 1.5 1.5 Commercial 10 Vehicles etc.) 12 18 Light Vehicle (Car, Jeep, 8 8 1 1 10 10 Pickup Van etc.) 3 Wheeler 10 1 13 13 1 (Rickshaw) 10 2 Wheeler (Scooter, 32 16 0.5 0.5 25 12.5 Motorcycle etc.) Total PCU/hr 58.6 73 Width of Road 7.5 10.5 (m)
Design PCU per 2000 2000 hour Existing PCU per 58.6 73 hour
Proposed Load 10 8
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(Trucks/day) Proposed PCU 30 24 per day As a Worst Case Scenario taken Proposed PCU 24 per day as PCU 30 per hour Total PCU per hour after the 88.6 97 Proposed Project
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CHAPTER – 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1 Preamble
Analysis of Alternative is the process of analyzing the proposed locating for suitability for basic necessities to operate the plant safely, this analysis also covers the environmental aspect of pollution prevention and improvement in quality of life nearby the project vicinity. The project alternative is the course of action in pace of another site, that would meet the same purpose and need, but which would avoid or minimize negative impacts and enhance project benefits. Such projects may result in specific impacts which can be avoided or mitigated by adherence to certain predetermined performance standards, guidelines or design criteria. Alternative approaches may therefore be more effective in integrating environmental and social concerns into the project planning process.
5.2 Project Details
M/s. Priva Laminates is proposed to start manufacturing of decorative various types of captive resins [(Phenol Formaldehyde Resin (200 MT/month), Melamine Formaldehyde Resin (50 MT/month) and Urea formaldehyde Resin (50 MT/month)] at Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi-363642, Gujarat.
Resin manufacturing activities are falls under 5(f) category – Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates) and therefore prior EC is required.
5.3 Site Alternatives
The project site is in proximity of Morbi District of Gujarat State. Project proponent is very well familiar with the surrounding environment; therefore, it becomes easy for the unit to set up the project on above said location. In addition, a number of industries are located in the near vicinity of the proposed site.
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The other supporting features are briefly summarized hereunder:
• Availability of adequate land; • Availability of all basic facilities like infrastructure, communication, transportation, medical facilities, fuel, water, power, unskilled & skilled manpower, raw materials, road network etc. x Project site is only 0.74 km away from National Highway 8A & 0.81 km away from State Highway 321 which is well connected to Ahmedabad and rest of India. • Proximity of market; • Nearest town Morbi is 5.48 km away from the project site which is very well connected with other parts of the country by road & rail; • No R & R will be required; • Easy availability of manpower; • No national park or wildlife habitats fall within 10 km radial distance from the project site. The location of project is best suited to start the proposed manufacturing activities. So no alternative for site is analyzed.
5.4 Alternatives for Technologies
Table 5.1: Proposed Technology Alternatives
Sr. Production Processes Proposed Technology Alternatives No. 1 Conserving water, raw We have proposed Coal/Bio-coal as a materials and energy. Use of fuel for boiler. solar, wind, biomass, hydro, nuclear and other renewable energy 2 Reducing the quantity During manufacturing of phenol and/or toxicity of all formaldehyde resin; we will take care emissions and wastes before of proper reaction for better yield and they leave a production quality of resin; so that reduce the process. waste water generation. We will also try to reduce the quantity of Storage chemical. i.e., Phenol, Formaldehyde (37%). 3 Recycling and reusing of the We will reuse the water after treatment wastes and by-products of the waste water. So conserve the within industry or in other fresh water requirement. industries.
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CHAPTER – 6
ENVIRONMETAL MONITORING PROGRAMME M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER – 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 Preamble
Environmental monitoring can be defined as the sampling and analysis of different aspects of environment like air, water, soil, noise and biodiversity to analyse at regular intervals. Environmental monitoring is used in the preparation of environmental impact assessments, as well as in many circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of harmful effects on the natural environment. All monitoring strategies and programs have reasons and justifications which are often designed to establish the current status of an environment or to establish trends in environmental parameters. In all cases the results of monitoring will be reviewed and analysed statistically.
Environmental monitoring program is designed to understand how the environment changes over time. Therefore, regular monitoring program of the environmental parameters is essential to take into account the changes in the environment. The objectives of environmental monitoring program are;
1. To verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular with regard to new development; 2. To follow the trend of parameters which have been identified as critical; 3. To check or assess the efficiency of the pollution control measures; 4. To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment study, do not become critical through the commissioning of new installations; 5. To check assumption made with regards to the development and to detect deviations in order to initiate necessary measures; and 6. To establish a database for future Impact Assessment Studies for new projects.
6.2 Environmental Monitoring Program
The attributes, which merit regular monitoring, are air quality both at source and ambient atmosphere, water and wastewater quality, noise levels, ecological preservation, greenbelt development, socio-economic aspects, etc. The Post Project Monitoring program is given below in Table 6.1.
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Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Program
Sr. Location Particulars Monitoring Frequency Parameters No. Air Pollution
A Stacks Monitoring (All Stacks) Twice in a year SO2, NO2, PM
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 1 B Twice in a year Volatile Organic (2 Locations within premises) Compound Work area monitoring Volatile Organic C Twice in a year (2 Locations in process plant) Compounds Water and Wastewater Quality A Raw water i Borewell water (Intake source) Twice in a year As per IS 10500 B Effluents 2 Daily pH, TDS, COD Industrial effluents i General parameters as (Untreated & Treated) Monthly per CC&A/EC Domestic effluents Daily pH ii (Untreated & Treated) Monthly pH, BOD, SS, COD Ambient Noise Levels 3 i All Prominent places within premises Twice in a year --
Soil (1 within the premises and 1 from 4 Once in a year General parameters vicinity) 5 ETP sludge and evaporation residue Twice in a year General parameters 6 Safety Audit Once in Two years All safety aspects All relevant test 7 Occupation health (medical checkups) Pre, post and regular according to working profile Survival rate and 8 Greenbelt development Periodic growth
6.3 Budgets for Implementation of Environmental Monitoring Plan
GPCB approved agency will carry out monitoring/sampling, analysis and charge/cost will be as specified by the GPCB. Annual budget allocated towards environmental monitoring with respect to the proposed project is approx. Rs. 1.96 Lakhs per Annum as described in Table - 6.2.
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Table 6.2: Budget for implementation of Environmental Monitoring Plan
Particulars No. of Frequency of Parameters Total location Monitoring Budget (INR)
Stack All stacks flue Twice in a year PM, SO2, NO2 or Approx. Monitoring gas stack or as per EC & specified by 20,000/year CCA GPCB in their consent
Ambient Air Minimum 2 Twice in a year PM2.5, PM10, Approx. Quality Locations or as per EC & SO2, NO2 35,000/year Monitoring within the CCA specified by premises GPCB in their consent
Waste water ETP inlet and Daily pH, TDS, SS, Approx. Analysis Evaporator Inlet Oil & Grease, 55,000/year etc. Evaporator Monthly As per GPCB Outlet consent
Fresh Water Intake water – Twice in a year As per IS: Approx. Analysis Borewell / 10500:2012 13,000/year Open well Work zone 2 to 3 Twice in a year Dust, VOCs Approx. fugitive locations 12,000/year monitoring
Noise Pollution 6 to 8 Twice in a year Sound Level Approx. locations Meter 5,000/year Soil Analysis 1 within the Once in a year -- Approx. premises and 1 3,000/year from vicinity ETP Waste 1 sample Twice in a year -- Approx. 3,000/year Occupation 10 Pre, post and Medical Approx. Health persons regular Checkups 50,000/year
6.4 Infrastructural Requirements
The unit will provide effluent treatment plant for treatment of industrial effluent. The unit will install small laboratory for analysis of effluent for basic parameters like pH, COD, TDS regularly. In addition to this, regular monitoring will be carried out through NABL approved laboratory.
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For the medical facilities, first aid boxes will be provided at prominent places in the premises and also one MBBS doctor will be appointed for weekly visit in the plant. Moreover, unit will tie-up with nearby hospital for medical assistance in case of any emergency. Unit will maintain the medical records of all workers.
6.5 Documentation and Reporting
All the data and reports of monitoring of all parameters as stated in monitoring program will be properly maintained and timely reviewed by management for taking corrective or preventive actions. Monitoring reports will be regularly submitted to the concerned authorities as per their requirements.
6.6 Corporate Environment Policy
Project proponent is presently involved in furniture business and understand their responsibilities towards community as well environment alongwith doing business. They believe in sustainable development and therefore will provide adequate environmental control and management system in unit and will regularly and efficiently operate the same.
Unit will prepare environment policy duly approved by directors prescribing standard operating procedures to bring into focus any deviation/violation of environmental or forest norms/conditions. This policy will be displayed at various prominent places in the premises and all the employees will be educated about the same.
For performing all the environmental management activities and operating environmental management systems efficiently, unit will establish Environmental Management Cell governed by director as mentioned below. Environmental Management Cell:
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CHAPTER – 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
A. PUBLIC CONSULTATION
All the aspects of the TORs are incorporated in the draft EIA/EMP report, the same may be submitted to the Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) for conducting public hearing/public consultation as per EIA Notification, 2006.
Minutes of Public Consultation / Public Hearing is attached here as an Annexure- 9.
B. RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY
The said study report is shown in next page.
C. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, R & R ACTION PLAN
Base on data represented in chapter 3 & 4; we can say that there is no negative Social Impact envisaged from the proposed project activities. In fact positive social impact will prevail during the construction and operational phase of the project because, necessity for unskilled and skilled person will increase for proposed activities and unit will accord opportunity first prior to the local people. There will be no R & R due to proposed activities. However, the direct financial and social benefits with special emphasis on the benefit to the local people will be preferred and the proposal budgets for Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) activities are summarized in Chapter – 8/Section – 8.5.
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B. RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1 Overview of Project
M/s. Priva Laminates LLP is proposing to manufacture Melamine Formaldehyde Resin, Phenol Formaldehyde Resin & Urea Formaldehyde Resin at Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi, Gujarat. The total production capacity of proposed unit for resins is 300 MT/Month. The project site is highly developed with all basic infrastructure facilities such as proximity to man power, electricity, water supply, transportation, telecommunication systems etc. Proposed project site is only 0.74 km away from National Highway 8A & 0.81 km away from State Highway 321 which is well connected to Ahmedabad and rest of India.
M/s. Priva Laminates has a total land area of 10,750 m2. Out of the above stated land area approximately 3548 m2 is green belt area (approx. 33 % of the total land area). Proposed resin manufacturing unit is a small scale unit having total investment of about Rs. 85 Lacs. Major plant machinery to be installed are storage tanks, reactors (MOC: MS), utilities which includes Thermic Fluid Heater (TFH), Steam Boiler and Cooling Towers. Hazardous chemicals mainly Phenol, Formaldehyde (37%), will be stored and used in the process for manufacturing resins.
7.2 Surrounding Area
The proposed resin plant will be set – up in village: Pipli. The location of proposed unit is surrounded by many ceramic- tiles and chemicals manufacturing units. The google image showing proposed unit is given in Chapter: 2 Figure No.: 2.2. The nearest village is Pipli having population 3165 located at 1.28 km in SSE direction from project site. The project site is intended for the industrial purpose and thus no displacement of population will take place. There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco-sensitive area notified under the Environment (Protection) Act - 1986 exists within 10 km radius areas from the project site.
7.2.1 Objective and Scope
The main objective of risk assessment study is to propose a comprehensive but simple approach to carry out risk analysis and management of industrial prototype
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hazard. Risk Assessment (RA) techniques used world-over to determine risk posed to people who work inside or live near hazardous facilities, and to aid in preparing effective emergency response plans by delineating a Disaster Management Plan (DMP) to handle onsite and offsite emergencies.
Scope of the Study:
¾ Hazard Identification - Identifying sources of accidents involving release of hazardous material in the atmosphere and the various ways (that is scenarios) they could occur. ¾ Consequence Assessment - Estimating the probable zone of impact of accidents as well as the scale and/or probability of damages with respect to human beings and plant equipment and other structures. ¾ Accident Frequency Assessment - Computation of the average likelihood of accidents.
7.2.2 Risk Analysis Methodology:
x Information on Location, Layout, Process Parameters. x Hazard Identification. x Quantification of Hazards. x Select Most Credible Scenario which can culminate into an accident out of several major and minor. x Select Worst Case Scenario which has the highest potential to cause an accident of maximum damage. x Estimate Consequences in the plant in the form of fire, explosion and toxic effects. x Estimate Frequency of Occurrence. x Estimate effect of damage.
7.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis
The Hazard identification and risk analysis is used to identify possible accidents and estimate their frequency and consequences. While identifying hazards only those areas of plants having potential risk are used further for risk analysis. Hazard is considered as characteristic of system/plant/process that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the components of a system/plant/process are thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident.
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7.3.1 Hazard Identification Methods
The proposed project of setting – up resin manufacturing unit comprises of a numbers of stages from site selection, conceptualization to decommissioning. Each stage of plant possesses hazards. In case of proposed project during the stage of Environmental Clearance the proposed project is considered at predesign stage. Hazard identification method used or the proposed plant is given below.
o Identification of major hazardous units based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 of Government of India (as amended in 2000). o Preliminary Process Hazard Analysis: Hazard associated with raw materials, intermediates, by- products, final products, and plant equipment. o Hazard Indices: Identification of hazardous units and segments of plants and storage units based on relative ranking technique, viz. Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI).
7.3.2 Identification of Hazardous Chemicals used within Premises
Following chemicals to be stored and utilized within the premises falls under Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 (as amended in 2000). List of Hazardous Chemicals is given below:
Amongst the below described raw materials and products, some are the hazardous chemicals as per the MSIHC rule 2000. Chemical and physical properties of raw materials are given in Table 7.1.
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Table 7.1 Chemical Properties of Hazardous Chemicals & Products
Toxicity Level Flammable Limit Chemical Sr. Class Class Chemicals TLV LD50 LD50 LC50 LEL (As per No. Oral Dermal UEL% FP 0C BP0C (As per mg/l % petroleum mg/Kg mg/Kg MSIHC Rules) classification) 79 0C 316 Flammable, (CC) 1. Phenol* 5 ppm 317 525 mg/m3 1.8 8.6 182 C Toxic, 85 0C (4 hr) Hazardous (OC) 50 0C 454000 Flammable, Formaldehyde 0.75 (CC) 2. 42 15800 mg/m3 6 36.5 98 B Toxic, * (37%) ppm 60 0C (4 hr) Hazardous (OC) 2 Hazardous, 3. Caustic Soda* N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 1388 -- mg/m3 Corrosive 93.3 Slightly 4. Melamine N.A 3161 1000 N.A N.A N.A N.A C 0C flammable 10 5. Urea 8471 -- -- N.A N.A N.A N.A -- N.A mg/m3 33 0C 5620 27 (CC) Flammable 6. Acetic acid* 3310 1060 ppm 4 19.9 118.1 B mg/m3 43 0C Corrosive per 1 hr (OC) Note: * Hazardous chemicals as per MSIHC rule, 2000 Note: CC: Close Cup; OC: Open Cup; N.A.: Not Available.
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Sr. No. Product LD50 & LC50 1 Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Acute oral toxicity: LD50= 100 mg/kg (rabbit) Acute dermal toxicity: LD50=270 mg/kg (rabbit) Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 (4 h) rat = 200 mg/m³ 2 Melamine Formaldehyde >10 g/kg (oral, rat) & > 10 g/kg (skin, rabbit) Resin 3 Urea Formaldehyde Resin Acute oral toxicity: LD50= 100 mg/kg (rat) Acute dermal toxicity: LD50=270 mg/kg (rabbit) Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 (4 h) rat = 200 mg/m³
The Toxicity level of hazardous chemicals as per Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical (Amendment) Rules, 2000 (MSIHC) is shown as below:
Oral Toxicity LD50 Dermal Toxicity LD50 Inhalation Toxicity LC50 Sr. No Toxicity (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) 1. Extremely Toxic <5 <40 <0.5 2. Highly Toxic >5- 50 >40-200 >0.5-2 3. Toxic >50-200 >200-1000 >2-10
7.3.3 Storage Details of Raw Material and Products:
Details of the raw materials and products with storage are given in Table 7.2.
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Table 7.2: Storage Details of Raw Materials
Requirement (MT) Sr. Name of Raw
No. Material (MT) Days Storage Storage
Per Month Per Day Mode of Capacity Inventory Inventory No. of Units Total Storage Total Physical Form Capacity (MT)Capacity 1. Phenol 92.21 3.69 Liquid MS Tank 30 MT 1 30 8
2. Formaldehyde (37%) 178.87 7.15 Liquid SS Tank 20 MT 1 20 3
3. Caustic Flakes 1.55 0.062 Solid HDPE Bags 25 kg 62 1.55 25 4. Melamine 20 0.8 Solid HDPE Bags 25 kg 400 10 12 5 Urea 19.75 0.79 Solid HDPE Bags 25 kg 400 10 13 6 Acetic acid 0.250 0.01 Liquid MS Barrel 0.2 MT 1 0.2 20
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Table 7.2 A: Storage Details Products
Type of Packing / Physical Capacity of No. Description Storage/ Mode of Transportation Form storage storage Captive consumption & rest 1 Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Semi solid Stored in HDPE Barrels will be transported by road, 10 Kl rail & ship Captive consumption & rest 2 Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Semi solid Stored in HDPE Barrels will be transported by road, 10 Kl rail & ship Captive consumption & rest 3 Urea Formaldehyde Resin Semi solid Stored in HDPE Barrels will be transported by road, 10 Kl rail & ship
Table 7.3: Identification Hazard Associated with Storage of Raw Materials:
Name of Type of Sr. Hazard Rating material hazard / Risk Causes Effect Control Measures proposed No. Systems stored involved (1) Phenol TLV – 5 PPM ¾ Toxic ¾ Glands/seal ¾ Toxic ¾ Dyke wall shall be provided to all NFPA Ratings: Chemicals leaks in valves, when contact above ground storage tank. 30 MT MS tank Health: 3; Exposure pumps, with Skin ¾ Separate from strong oxidant. Ambient Flammability: Risks ¾ Hose/pipe ¾ Causes ¾ Fire hydrant system shall be installed. 2; failure, leakage burns ¾ Safety shower and eye washer shall be Instability: 0 from flanged ¾ Toxic if installed near storage area.
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Name of Type of Sr. Hazard Rating material hazard / Risk Causes Effect Control Measures proposed No. Systems stored involved Flash Point: ¾ Fire joints carrying swallowed ¾ Flame proof Electrical fittings shall be 79.440C /Explosion phenol ¾ Irritating provided at flammable storage area. to Skin, Eyes ¾ Proper selection of MOC for chemicals ¾ Overflow from and storage tank. storage tanks Respiratory ¾ Earthing/bonding shall be provided System for static charges. ¾ Toxic ¾ Glands/seal ¾ Very toxic ¾ Flame arrestor shall be provided on Chemicals leaks in valves, by inhalation, flammable material storage tank vent. Exposure pumps in contact with ¾ Level gauge and level measurement Risks skin, Very instrument shall be provided on ¾ Hose/pipe toxic if material storage tank. TLV – 0.75 failure, leakage swallowed. ¾ Lightening arrestor on all chimney ppm from flanged ¾ Causes and building shall be provided. NFPA Ratings: Formaldehyde joints carrying burns. ¾ Hazardous material should be stored Health - 3 (37%) Formaldehyde ¾ Limited away from the plant and safe distance (2) Flammability - ¾ Fire (37%) evidence of a shall be maintained. 2 20 MT SS tank /Explosion carcinogenic ¾ Safety permit system shall be followed Reactivity - 0 effect. for loading, unloading of hazardous Flash Point: ¾ Overflow from ¾ Risk of chemical. 500C storage tanks serious ¾ Fencing, caution note, hazardous damage to the identification board should be eyes. provided. ¾ May cause ¾ Only authorized person shall be sensitization permitted in storage tank area and
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Name of Type of Sr. Hazard Rating material hazard / Risk Causes Effect Control Measures proposed No. Systems stored involved by skin register will be maintained. contact.
A. Identification of Process hazards:
Name of Type of hazard possible Control Measures to be provided Material in hazardous toxic gas release / fire / the process / Causes process and explosion / run away operation operation reaction / rupture, etc. x Regularly replacement of thermic x Flash point variation of thermal fluid fluid/oil over a period of time x Fire/Explosion x Monitoring of flashpoint of Thermic (Thermal fluids which were not thermic fluid heater regularly Fluid Oil x Heat burns flammable at the operating x Installing Fluid conditioning Heater temperature when they were equipment in the thermal fluid initially installed but over time system become flammable at the x Reduce the extent of mist
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Name of Type of hazard possible Control Measures to be provided Material in hazardous toxic gas release / fire / the process / Causes process and explosion / run away operation operation reaction / rupture, etc. operating conditions) formation by fiting mist guards x Mist Formation around leak x Avoiding lagging fires points such as flagged joints, Following type of instrumentation around valves and connection suggested: points in the pipe line. These may x Install temperature indicator cum create explosive atmospheres Controllers to indicate being formed outside the temperature and prevent pipework where ignition sources undesired overheating at the inlet such as motors pumps and and outlet of the system electrical equipment are present x Photo cell to sense flame failure, x Lagging Fire – leak and give alarm and switch off the dispersion of oil within burner. insultation leads to fire x Magnetic levels switch in the deaerator cum expansion tank to cut off the burner if the thermic fluid level falls below the minimum level. x Synchronising mechanism exists between the hot oil circulation pump and burner, so that the
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Name of Type of hazard possible Control Measures to be provided Material in hazardous toxic gas release / fire / the process / Causes process and explosion / run away operation operation reaction / rupture, etc. burner will not be switched on until the circulation pump reached the full speed. x Raw Materials quantity must be controlled either volumetrically or gravimetrically. x Process control devices must be x Release of Heat and Flammable installed includes the use of gases sensors, alarms, trips and other Formaldehyde x Fire, Toxic gas release and control systems that either take (37%), Reactor Explosion automatic action or allow for Melamine, x Fire/Explosion Vessel x Failure of agitator, heating and manual intervention to prevent the Urea, Phenol cooling system in the reactor conditions for uncontrolled
x Failures of external boiler, reaction occurring. condenser and piping system x High Temperature indicator valve and alarm system must be provided x Auto cut off system must be provided after reaching of
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Name of Type of hazard possible Control Measures to be provided Material in hazardous toxic gas release / fire / the process / Causes process and explosion / run away operation operation reaction / rupture, etc. predetermined maximum safe temperature. x Pressure gauge is must provided. x Safety Control valve is must be provided. x The Vessel Emergency Relief vent should discharge to a suitably designed catch pot or should be so positioned that people working in the area and members of the public will not be in danger if the contents of the vessel are discharged. x Use skilled worker x Proper selection of MOC x Mechanical seal in all pumps and reactors x Transportation of finished product from vessel to storage tank through close pipe.
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Name of Type of hazard possible Control Measures to be provided Material in hazardous toxic gas release / fire / the process / Causes process and explosion / run away operation operation reaction / rupture, etc. x Leaking safety and or safety relief x Annual inspections valves x Safety interlocks to be provided x Malfunctioning of Water level x Safety and pressure gauge valves indicator fitted x Thermal radiation x Steam leaks (steam systems) x Properly supported and protected Boiler Heat burns x Explosion x High stack temperatures (excess of against corrosion x Heat burns 176.66 ºC) x Testing of Jackets and joints of tubes x Condensate dripping down stack regularly or out the front of the boiler x Constantly resetting of controllers and safety devices.
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B. General hazards and controls
Type of Identification Possible Causes Possible Results Emergency of Area Material Flammable, eye irritating In Plant Fire and health Hazards handling & accidently leakages
7.3.4 Hazard Indices:
Hazard indices are used as relative ranking of hazard potential of proposed plant. The method used DOW fire and explosion index, Mond Toxicity index provide direct and easy approach to a relative ranking of the risks in process plants.
DOW index: Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI) The Fire and Explosion Index (FE&TI) calculation is a tool to help determine the areas of greatest loss potential in a particular process. It also enables one to predict the physical damage that would occur in the event of an incident. For the proposed project storage tanks are considers to know fire and explosion potential of each tank. To calculate the Fire and Explosion Index, however, only storage tanks having storage capacity of 25 MT which has an impact from a loss prevention standpoint has been evaluated. These are known as Pertinent Process Units.
Important factors for selecting Pertinent Process Units include: a. Chemical energy potential (Material Factor) b. Quantity of hazardous material in the Process Unit c. Process pressure and process temperature d. Units critical to plant operation, e.g. Reactor, storage tank
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Table -7.4: Fire & Explosion Index
Sr. Material Storage Nh Nf Nr MF GPH SPH FEI Degree Th Ts Ti Degree of Radius No. Stored Qty. of Hazard Of hazard expo. (ft.) 1 Phenol 30 MT 4 2 0 10 1.93 2.12 41 Low 325 125 9.56 Medium 34 2 Formaldehyde 20 MT 3 2 0 10 2.20 2.50 55 Low 250 125 9.6 Medium 46 (37%) to high Note: MF=Material Factor, GPH= General Process Hazardous, SPH= Special Process Hazardous, FEI: Fire and Explosion index
Based on F & EI and toxicity index TI, following categories are available:
Sr. Category F & EI TI Degree of No. Hazard 1 I F<65 T<6 Low 2 II 65
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7.3.5 Credible Accident Sources/Worst Case Scenarios
Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) scenario indicates most believable, reasonable, likely or possible accident scenario and damage distance based on it. MCA scenario takes into account the effect of existing control measures also. It considers the malfunctioning of the control system, opening of safety valve/failure of safety valve, leakages from flange joint, pipe line etc. and failing of some safety devise.
Worst-case scenario (rarely possible) is defined as the release of the largest quantity of a regulated substance from a single vessel or process line failure that results in the greatest distance to an end point, eg catastrophic failure. It considers the failure of all control systems and release of the whole mass resulting in maximum damage.
Based on the storage and properties of the chemicals at the proposed resin manufacturing unit, the some typical scenarios relevant for MCA analysis is given in the following Table.
Table -7.5: Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis
Sr. Chemical Storage Pool Fire Flash fire Toxic Worst case No. Quantity Dispersion scenario
1 Phenol 30 MT - - - MS tank 2 Formaldehyde 20 MT - (37%) SS tank 3 Causitc soda 25 Kg - - - - (Flakes) HDPE Bags
¾ The above table indicates that major material storage is flammable liquid. Fires could occur due to presence of ignition source at or near the source of leak or could occur due to flashback upon ignition of the traveling vapour cloud.
¾ Tank fires may occur due to the following: Ignition if rim seal leak leading to rim seal fire and escalating to full-fledged tank fire.
¾ Lighting is a major source of ignition of tank fires; and ̇ Overflow from tank leading to spillage and its subsequent ignition, which flashes back to the tank
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leading to tank fire. The chance of overflow should be less unless operator has grossly erred.
¾ Spillage due to overflow may result in a dyke fire if ignition occurs after sufficiently long period.
¾ For radiation calculations, pool fire is important and the criteria of 4.5 kW/m2 selected to judge acceptability of the scenarios. The assumptions for calculations are: It is not continuous exposure. It is assumed that no fire detection and mitigation measures are initiated
7.4 Consequence Modeling
Hazardous incidents start with a discharge of a flammable or toxic material from its normal containment. Discharge can take place from a crack or fracture of process vessels or pipe work, an open valve or from an emergency vent. The release may be in the form of gas, liquid, or two phase flashing of gas-liquid.
7.4.1 Damage Criteria:
The storage and unloading at the storage facility may lead to fire and explosion hazards. The damage criteria due to an accidental release of any hydrocarbon arise from fire and explosion.
A. Fire Damage
Table 7.6 tabulates the damage effect on equipment and people due to thermal radiation intensity whereas; the effect of incident radiation intensity and exposure time on lethality is given in Table 7.6.
Table 7.6: Damage Due to Incident Radiation Intensities Incident Type of Damage Intensity Sr. Radiation No. Damage to Equipment Damage to People (kW/m2) 1 37.5 Damage to process equipment 100% lethality in 1 min. 1% lethality in 10 sec.
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Incident Type of Damage Intensity Sr. Radiation No. Damage to Equipment Damage to People (kW/m2) Minimum energy required to 50% Lethality in 1 min. 2 25.0 ignite wood at indefinitely long Significant injury in 10 sec. exposure without a flame Maximum thermal radiation
intensity allowed on thermally 3 19.0 -- unprotected adjoining Minimum energy to ignite with 4 12.5 a flame; melts plastic tubing 1% lethality in 1 min. Causes pain if duration is longer than 20 sec, 5 4.5 -- however blistering is un- likely (First degree burns) Causes no discomfort on 1.6 6 -- long exposures Source: Techniques for Assessing Industrial Hazards by World Bank.
Table 7.7: Radiation Exposure and Lethality
Radiation Exposure Lethality Intensity Time Degree of Burns (%) (kW/m2) (seconds)
1.6 0 No Discomfort -- even after long 4.5 20 0 1 st 4.5 50 0 1 st 8.0 20 0 1 st 8.0 50 <1 3 rd 8.0 60 <1 3 rd 12.0 20 <1 2 nd 12.0 50 8 3 rd 12.5 -- 1 -- 25.0 -- 50 -- 37.5 -- 100 --
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B. Damage due to explosion
Explosion is a sudden and violent release of energy accompanied by the generation of pressure wave and a loud noise. The rate of energy release is very large and has potential to cause injury to the nearby people, damage the plant and also nearby property etc.
BLEVE - fireball A Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) occurs when there is a sudden loss of containment of a pressure vessel containing a superheated liquid or liquified gas. It is sudden release of large mass of pressurized superheated liquid to atmosphere. The primary cause may be external flame impinging on the shell above liquid level weakening the vessel and leading to shell rupture. Calculations are done for diameter and duration of fireball and the incident thermal flux.
Pool fires and jet fires These are common fire types resulting from fires over pools of liquid or from pressurized releases or gas and/or liquid. They tend to be localised in effect and are mainly of concern in establishing potential for domino effects and employee safety. ALOHA Models are used to calculate various components - burning rate, pool size, and flame height, in jet fire modelling the steps followed for the thermal effects are calculation ofthe estimated discharge rate, total heat released, radiant fraction/source view fraction, transmissivity and thermal flux and thermal effects.
Vapour cloud explosion When gaseous flammable material is released a vapour cloud forms and if it is ignited before it is diluted below its lower explosive limit, a vapour cloud explosion or a flash fire will occur. Insignificant level of confinement will result in flash fire. The vapour cloud explosion will result in overpressures. Table 7.6 tabulates the damage criteria as a result of peak over pressure of a pressure wave on structures and people.
Table 7.8: Damage Due to Peak Over Pressure
Human Injury Structural Damage Peak Over Type of Damage Peak Over Type of Damage Pressure (bar) Pressure (bar) 5 - 8 100% lethality 0.3 Heavy (90% damage) 3.5 - 5 50% lethality 0.1 Repairable (10% damage)
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2 - 3 Threshold 0.03 Damage of Glass 1.33 - 2 Severe lung 0.01 Crack of Windows 1 - 11/3 50% Eardrum - - Source: Marshall, V.C. (1977) ' How lethal are explosives and toxic escapes'.
C. Effect due to toxic gas release
Various approaches are used to determine the consequences of toxic gases: • IDLH • ERPG
IDLH (“Immediate Danger to Life or Health”) is the maximum concentration from which escape is possible within 30 minutes without any escape-impairing symptoms or irreversible health effects.
7.4.2 Details of Model Used for Consequence Analysis
ALOHA provide output as amount of chemical discharged from the source as well as its concentration in air it takes into account different levels of concentrations for a specified chemical.
Software used for calculation- ALOHA (AREAL LOCATIONS OF HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES) is a computer program designed especially for use by people responding to chemical accidents, as well as for emergency planning and training. ALOHA can predict the rates at which chemical vapors may escape into the atmosphere from broken gas pipes, leaking tanks and evaporating puddles. It can then predict how a hazardous gas cloud might disperse in the atmosphere after an accidental chemical release.
ALOHA provides output as amount of chemical discharged from the source as well as its concentration in air it takes in to account different levels of concentrations for a specified chemical. Different concentration levels are given below:
ERPG 1: is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing other than mild transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined, objectionable odor.
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ERPG 2: is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take protective action. ERPG 3: is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects. IDLH: The Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) level. A chemical's IDLH is an estimate of the maximum concentration in the air to which a healthy worker could be exposed without suffering permanent or escape-impairing health effects.
Input data for aloha are as below:
Weather Data: x Average Wind Speed: 5 m/sec & 1.5 m/sec x Average Ambient Temperature: 40 0C, 220C x Average Humidity: 58%,71% x Atmosphere Stability Class: D (windy day time), F (Extreme calm, night time)
Chemical Properties: Chemical properties of each hazardous chemical stored within premises is given in Table No.: 7.2
Storage Details: Storage quantity and type of storage of chemicals is given in Table No.: 7.3
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Table 7.9: Consequence analysis and Damage Distance (Failure of raw material storage tanks) Name of Type of Impact Flammable (Distance in meter) Toxic Dispersion Chemical Fire Ball Flash fire ERPG (3)/ ERPG(2) ERPG(1) Pool Fire (BLEVE) (Flammable Area of IDLH (meter) (meter) Vapour Cloud) (meter) Worst Case Scenario Radiation 37.5 25 4.5 37.5 25 4.5 UEL LEL Intensity (kW/m2) Fatalities 100% 50% 100% 50% - - Wind Stability Speed Class Formaldehyde 5 D ------19 meters -- 19 meters - 41 meters --- 58 meters -- 187meters -- (37% solution) - (70000 -- (7000 (20 ppm = - (10 ppm = - (1 ppm = 20 MT x 1) ppm = ppm = 10% IDLH) ERPG-2) ERPG-1) LEL) LEL) 1.5 F ------20 meters -- 20 meters - 144 meters --- 207 meters - 749 meters - - (70000 -- (7000 (20 ppm = -- (10 ppm = -- (1 ppm = ppm = ppm = 10% IDLH) ERPG-2) ERPG-1) LEL) LEL) Phenol 5 D ------13 meters -- 13 meters - 13 meters --- 25 meters -- 95 meters -- (30 MT x 1) - (17000 -- (1700 (250 ppm = - (50 ppm = - (10 ppm = ppm = ppm = 10% IDLH) ERPG-2) ERPG-1) LEL) LEL) Note*: Phenol is stored below its flash point. It is unlike to catch fire in case of BLEVE worst case scenario. Formaldehyde (37%): As AlOHA, software do not support modeling for solution, for plotting threat zone pure formaldehyde gas properties is used.
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Figure 7.1: Formaldehyde Toxic Dispersion (Threat Zone)
Weather Condition: Wind speed: 5 m/sec, stability class: D
Figure 7.2: Formaldehyde Toxic Dispersion (Threat Zone)
Weather Condition: Wind speed: 1.5 m/sec, stability class: f
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Figure 7.3: Phenol Toxic Dispersion (Threat Zone)
Source : Aloha Model
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7.5 Failure Frequency
Fire under a tank may lead to the instantaneous release of the complete inventory of the tank. Various causes of failure may lead to a fire under a tank: x Leakage of the connections under the tank followed by ignition. This event only occurs for tanks loaded with flammable substances. The frequency is equal to 1 × 10-5 per year for atmospheric tanks. (Reference Purple book: Guidelines for quantitative risk assessment) x The best available estimates of leak frequencies for atmospheric tanks are summarised in Table 7.10. x Reference: Storage incident frequencies International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (UK: HSE)
Table 7.10: Atmospheric S torage Tank Leak/ tank fire Frequencies
Type of Tank Type of Release Leak Frequency (per tank year ) Fixed/ floating roof Liquid spill outside tank 2.8 × 10-3 Tank rupture 3.0 × 10-6 Atmospheric storage tank Fire Frequency Type of Fire Fixed Roof Tank (per tank year) Internal explosion & 9.0 × 10-5 full surface fire Internal explosion 2.5 × 10-5 without fire Vent fire 9.0 × 10-5 Small bund fire 9.0 × 10-5 Large bund fire 6.0 × 10-5 (full bund area)
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7.6 Estimation of Effect of Damage / Impact Identification
From the dispersion modeling of Phenol and Formaldehyde (37%), it is observed that the threat zone is maximum for Formaldehyde (37%) from storage tank covering downwind distance approximately 41 meter having concentration equal to its IDLH.
Chemical Incident Level of Treat % Likely Magnitude of outcome concern zone fatality hood of Impact/Damage case distance (pfi) occurrence Formaldehyde Toxic IDLH 41 - Likely Moderate (37%) dispersion 20 ppm Meter (20 MT x 1) Phenol Toxic IDLH 13 - Very High (30 MT x 1) dispersion 250 Meter Unlikely ppm
Figure 7.1 to 7.2 show the map of vulnerable areas where impacts due to dispersion as well tank explosion will be high. All the threat zones in the proposed unit are super imposed on google image. Figure 7.2 gives the location, where individual risk is found to be a maximum at locations within premises as well as outside of premises in case of dispersion of Phenol leakages. A broadly acceptable level of individual risk as per the ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable) concept of HSE, UK is 10-6/year.
7.7 Summary
x It may be noted that in dispersion modeling, the wind direction and air temperature, atmospheric stability are found to be the deciding factors for the threat zones.
x The present risk assessment study shows that proposed unit of M/s. Priva Laminates LLP having storages of hazardous chemicals mainly Formaldehyde (37%) and Phenol could have potential for damage to those inside and outside the industry.
x There are many other hazardous raw material drums will be stored in ware house, where possibility of fire and explosion will higher during transportation and handling of drums.
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x A maximum threat zone of approximately 95 meters is observed in the case of release of Phenol. This threat zone can be shortened by reducing the inventory or storing Phenol in smaller tanks.
7.8 Proposed Risk Reduction Measures
x Storage tank of Formaldehyde 37%/ Phenol should be installed away from the plant area. x Wind indicator should be provided at the highest level of the plant to know the wind direction. x Automatic sprinkler system for the flammable material tanks (over ground tanks only) may be provided as knock on effect in case of fire is possible. x Containment dykes with proper sloping and collection sumps should be provided so that any spillages in the bulk storage and other handling areas shall not stagnate and shall be quickly lead away to a safe distance from the source of leakage. This reduces the risk of any major fire on the bulk storages and the risk to the environment shall be minimized/ eliminated. x Inspection of the storage tanks as per prefixed inspection schedule for thickness measurement, joint and weld efficiency etc. x Provision of flameproof electrical fittings / equipment’s. x Proper maintenance of earth pits. x Strict compliance of security procedures like issue of identity badges for outsiders, gate passes system for vehicles, checking of spark arrestors fitted to the tank lorries etc. x Strict enforcement of no smoking. x Periodic training and refresher courses to train the staff in safety fire fighting. x Employee training and education is carried out. x Structural fireproofing in the process area could be considered as a safety measure in the light of probable spill and fires in the area. x Emergency drills should be carried out periodically to ensure preparedness must continue. x Wind indicator should be provided at the highest level of the plant to know the wind direction. x Many operations involve use of highly toxic/flammable materials and these needs to be documented as SOPs. These must be made and kept updated on priority. x Extensive training on use of Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBAs) must be ensured for emergency control.
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x Many of the raw materials used for resin are either toxic or flammable. It is therefore important to ensure that these materials are stored in closed, well ventilated totally safe areas. A fire alarm system (heat and smoke detection) should be provided for the storage area where the material is stored as toxic fumes arise on combustion. x Loose drums of waste materials, often solvent laden, must be removed from the working areas and close watch kept. x Proper Earthing needs to be provided through plug type systems or through the agitators/liquid. x Ventilation should be provided for any enclosed are where hydrocarbon or toxic vapors may accumulate. Several such areas were noticed- these may be surveyed and tackled accordingly. x All personnel should be trained in handling emergency situations and should be apprised of their role in handling emergency situation and to ensure adequacy of the emergency procedures simulated exercise should be carried out. This was found wanting. x Flame arrestor should be provided. x Adequate number of caution boards highlighting the hazards of chemicals should be provided at critical locations. x Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, ventilation, chemical exposure etc. is carried out regularly and its record is maintained. x Good housekeeping, use of PPE, Engineering controls, Enclosure processes, scrubber system, display of safety boards, SOP of loading / unloading, local exhaust ventilation, safety shower etc. are important safety measures have taken to keep these chemicals within TLV. x Appropriate personal protective equipment is provided & ensures the usage of them. x Workers are trained for safe material handling of hazardous chemicals. x Prepare & display the safe operating procedure for hazardous chemicals storage, handling & transporting or using. x Local Exhaust ventilation and scrubber should be installed where it is required to reduce fumes, vapors, temperature and heat stress. x Reduce the level of physical activity by sharing workload with other or by using mechanical means.
¾ Following FIRE safety devices is already PROVIDED to protect from any malfunctioning of plant equipments. Following fire protection systems is provided.
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x Water storage of adequate capacity to meet the requirements of water for firefighting purposes. x Fire hydrants and automatic sprinkler system. Diesel driven pumps and headers to supply water to fire hydrant network. x Adequate Portable fire extinguishers, sand bucket, wheeled fire & safety equipment should be provided at the required places. x Equipment required for personal safety like blankets, gloves, apron, gum boots, face mask helmets, safety belts, first aid boxes etc. are provided. Proximity suits and self-contained breathing apparatus to be provided.
7.9 Occupational Health Surveillance Programme
¾ Introduction:
Medical surveillance program (also termed as medical surveillance for workers) can aid in the early recognition of a relationship between exposure to a hazard and disease, in the assurance of the safety of new substances, and as an indicator of the effectiveness of existing control measures. It is the systematic collection, analysis, and dissemination of disease data on groups of workers and is designed to detect early signs of work-related illness.
The Factories Act, 1948 and the rules framed thereunder provide for pre- employment and periodical medical examinations of workers employed in industries with hazardous processes and dangerous operations under section 41- C and section 87 respectively. Chemicals Exposed to Workers Directly or indirectly are Phenol, Formaldehyde (37 %). Pre-employment medical checkup and periodically medical examination will be done. Liver function testis will be carried out during pre-placement and periodical examination. In addition to the above, following safety equipment will be provided.
¾ Action plan for Occupational Health and safety for workers:
x Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, ventilation, chemical exposure etc. will be carried out regularly and its record will be maintained. x Good housekeeping, use of PPE, Engineering controls, Enclosure processes, display of safety boards, SOP of loading / unloading, local exhaust ventilation, safety shower etc. All necessary safety measures will be taken to keep all chemicals within TLV. T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad CHAPTER-7: Additional Studies NABET Accredited 7.30
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x Appropriate personal protective equipment will be provided & ensure the usage of them. x Workers will be trained on safe material handling of hazardous chemicals. x Prepared & display the safe operating procedure for hazardous chemicals storage, handling & transporting or using. x Periodical medical examination of the workers & Liver Function Testes will be done. x Register (form no.37) for work place air monitoring will be done regularly. x Employee training and education will be carried out regularly. x Control the noise at source by substitution, isolation, segregation, barriers will be done. x Local Exhaust ventilation will be installed where it is required to reduce fumes, vapors, temperature and heat stress.
7.9.1 Treatment Facilities Provided to Workers affected by accidental Spillage of Chemicals
Hazards with Acute Exposure x Contact with skin may cause severe burns or systemic poisoning. x Systemic effects may occur from any route of exposure, especially after skin absorption. Hazards with Chronic Exposure x Repeated or prolonged exposure may harm the respiratory system. Can irritate and inflame the airways. x Special Safety Precautions x Prevent contact with skin by wearing neoprene gloves, lab coat, and resistant apron. x Wear safety glasses or a face shield if splashing may occur. x Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heated surfaces or ignition sources. x Skin contact requires immediate washing of the affected area with soap and water. x Remove contaminated clothing and launder before wearing again. Procedure for treating workmen after skin contact: x Skin contact requires immediate flushing of the contaminated area with soap and water at a sink or emergency shower for a good fifteen minutes. Remove contaminated clothing. In case of eye contact, promptly flush the eyes with plentiful amounts of water for 15 minutes (lifting upper and lower lids
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occasionally) and obtain medical attention. It is recommended to provide the safety shower and eyewash station in plant.
7.9.2 Minimization of the Manual Handling of Hazardous Substance
Employers and employees should examine their workplaces to detect any unsafe or unhealthful conditions, practices, or equipment and take corrective action. Provide flameproof electrical motor & transfer chemicals through the pipelines. Use specially designed pallets to hold, move raw materials, finished products through work areas. Minimize lifting of raw materials, heavy loads by using appropriate platforms, trolleys etc. Avoid the moving, manual handling of hazardous material.
7.9.3 DO’S and DONT’S Handling of Chemicals Do’s Dont’s x Know the hazards of the chemical before x Do not store the chemicals that are handling. incompatible with other chemicals. x Know the antidotes for chemical, which you x Do not spill the chemicals. are handling. x Do not dispose chemical without x Do keep material safety data sheet in neutralizing. locations where chemicals are being x Do not keep large inventory of handled and study it. chemicals. x Use appropriate personal protective x Do not allow empty containers of equipment like gloves, aprons, and hazardous chemicals to be used by respirator; face shield etc. depending upon others. nature of the work. x Do not use compressed air for x Label every chemical that you use and transferring chemicals. tightly close the container. x Do not stand near chemical transfer x Use eye wash fountain / safety shower in pump while it is in operation with case of splash of chemicals in the eye or temporary hose connection. body for at least 15 minutes. x Pouring of chemicals by hand or doing x Segregate toxic, flammable chemicals and siphoning by mouth should never be keep them under control. adopted. x In addition to draining and closing valves, x Chemicals drums should never be lines should be blanked before taking up moved without protection. maintenance work. x Do not attempt to neutralize the acid / x Provide proper ventilation at the chemical alkali on the skin. Use water only. handling area to limit their concentration x Do not use solvent for cleaning hands.
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within prescribed level.
Material Handling Do’s Don’ts x Use proper lifting tool and tackle having x Do not use the equipment for the adequate capacity. purpose other than its design x Only authorized persons should operate intention. material handling equipments. x Do not allow personnel to move x Each tool, tackle or equipment should have underneath lifted load. number and safe working load (SWL) x Do not load the equipment above its marked on it. safe working load. x Assess weight of the material, distance to be x Do not use makeshift arrangements carried and hazards etc. before lifting the for lifting equipment without load. inspection and test. x Inspect and test all the lifting tools and x Do not use defective tool and tackles. tackles regularly as per Factory Rules. x Keep the tools & tackles free from x Wear Personal Protective Equipments while adverse effect of atmosphere by handling of material. applying suitable protective coating. x Wherever possible, mechanized material x The angle between the legs of two leg handling shall be adopted. sling should not exceed 90 degree. x While lifting a load physically, keep the load x Do not allow male and female adult as near as possible to the body with feet to lift a load manually higher than 55 properly placed for body balance. kgs and 30 kgs respectively. x Bend knees, keep back straight, keep the load x Do not hold the load with tip of the closed to the body and lift the load. fingers; grasp the load firmly with palm.
Fire Prevention Do’s Don’ts x Follow ‘NO SMOKING’ sign. x Do not leave flammable material x Deposit oily rags and waste combustible like Acetone, Kerosene etc. used as material in the identified containers and cleaning agent at the work area. dispose them suitably. x Do not over tighten fire hydrant x Fire Hose used for any other purpose should valves with F-lever. be permanently marked and taken out of fire x Do not allow wild grass growth hydrant system. around storage of the gas cylinders x Keep minimum inventory of flammable and and switchyard. combustible substances. x Do not obstruct accessibility to the
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x Take permission before breaking or removal of fire related equipment. fire barrier and ensure subsequent relocation x Do not destroy the inspection tag of fire barrier. provided with the fire equipment. x Check periodically the operability of fixed fire x Do not misuse fire-fighting fighting system. equipment other than intended x Attend any abnormality / deficiency with fire purpose. protection system promptly. x Do not store the flammable material x Provide earthling or bonding to prevent in the open container. accumulation of static charges to tanks where x Do not use instruments that are not flammable chemicals are stored / handled. intrinsically safe in the explosive x Use instruments that are intrinsically safe in atmosphere. explosive atmosphere.
House Keeping Do’s Don’ts x Assign places for everything and maintain x Do not leave combustible materials things at assigned places. in the work area. x Clean the area after completion of work. x Do not smoke in the area of work. x Use aisle space free for personnel and material x Do not allow dust bin to overflow. movement. x Do not generate extra waste. x Ensure adequate illumination and ventilation x Do not disturb the safety equipment for the job. from assigned location. x Drop paper, plastic, glass, metal and bio- x Do not block emergency switches medical waste in a separate bin kept for this and on/off switches of the purpose. equipment by storming of materials x Know the location where emergency in front of work. equipment such as first aid box, fire fighting x Do not leave cleaning agent like equipment, SCBA, Stretchers is kept. Acetone, IsoPropyl Alcohol, x Arrest all types of spills such as chemical, Kerosene etc. at the work area after water, oil, air / gas, steam etc. and clean up completion of work. the area immediately. x Do not block fire exit point by x Ensure exits are indicated / painted for use storing materials or by means. during emergency. x Do not leave a spillage unattended.
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7.10 Disaster Management Plan
7.10.1 Disaster
Disaster , It is a catastrophic situation in which the day-to-day patterns of life are, in many instances, suddenly disrupted and people are plunged into helplessness and suffering and as a result need protection, clothing,, shelter, medical and social care and other, necessities of life.
There are two types of emergency control plans (1) On site emergency plan and (2) Off site emergency or disaster plan.
7.10.2 Statutory Provisions:
Section 41B (4) of the Factories Act, 1948 requires an on site emergency plan and detailed disaster control measures for the safety of the factory workers and the general public living in the vicinity of the factory. The occupier is required to inform the workers and the public about the safety measures to be taken in the event of an accident.
Rule 13, 14 and Schedule II & 12 of the Manufacture; Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 and Rule 5, 7, 9 and 10 of the Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996 also provide for on- site and off-site emergency plans
7.10.3 On-Site Emergency Plan :
Objectives of the Plan
1. To protect persons and properly of your factory in case of all kinds of accidents, dangerous occurrences (Rule 103, Gujarat Factories Rules), emergencies and disasters happening in or affecting your plant at any time. 2. To inform people and surroundings about above happening if it is likely to adversely affect them. 3. To inform authorities including helping agencies (doctors, hospitals, fire, police, transport, etc.) in advance, and also at the lime of actual happening.
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4. To identify, assess, foresee and work out various kinds of possible hazards, their places, potential and damaging capacity and area in case of above happenings. Review, revise, redesign, replace or reconstruct the process, plant, vessels and control measures if so assessed. 5. To work out a plan with detailed instructions to cope up with above happenings, based on your personnel, equipment and records. Necessary requirements shall be added if not already available. Levels of hazardous substances shall be minimised to the extent possible. Establish machinery for rescue and recuperation operations, total loss control and prevention of harms and recurrence of above happenings. Ensure that absolute safety and security is achieved within the shortest time.
7.10.4 Site Plan of the Factory and Surrounding:
Proposed unit has prepared a plan of the factory premises and surroundings showing therein the areas of various hazards such' as fire, explosion, toxic release etc., and also location of assembly points, equipment room, personal protective equipment room, telephone room, first aid or, emergency control room, main gate, emergency gates, normal wind direction, north direction. The same has been given in Chapter No. 2; Figure No. 2.7 of EIA report
7.10.5 Types of Overall Emergencies
In the risk assessment study, section 7.3 describes all type of hazards are listed along with its causes in or near plant. Fire (small and big), explosion, toxic exposure, strike, storm, flood and other hazardous possible situations shall be described with reasons. Sources of hazard from outside or neighboring plants, tanks, structure etc. shall be mentioned.
Sr. Type of emergency May arise due to At (Place) People and No. including disaster area likely to (Major class) be affected 1 Fire spillage or leakages at Storage area Plant Operator, storage tank of raw Labors, workers materials Admin staff 2 Explosion Failure of the safety Boiler and valve/pressure relief Thermic Fluid valve, corrosion of Heater critical parts of the
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Sr. Type of emergency May arise due to At (Place) People and No. including disaster area likely to (Major class) be affected boiler, or low water level. 3 Release of Toxic Leakages from Tank farm Gas/Vapour tank/pipes/valves area, process area 4 Spillage of flammable Loading and Tank farm liquid /gas unloading area, process area 5 Deliberate Sabotage, - - Terrorism, Air Raid etc. 6 Natural Calamities: - - - Lightening, Storm, Earthquake, Flood etc. 7 Collapsing of structure - - Overturning of tanker containing flammable / toxic substances
7.10.6 Assessment of In-plant Hazards
Detailed hazard assessment of in-plant and control measures provided in section 7.3, table 7.3 & 7.4 of EIA report. Storage Hazards and Controls, Process Hazards and Controls are described in same topic.
7.10.7 Emergency Control System:
A. Emergency Organizations and Functions
The organizational set-up necessary for chain of commands during emergency situation, which may arise in the premises. The system is described in following Subsections.
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Organizational Set-up
Partner
Plant Manager
EHS Officer
Plant Chemist Supervisor
Skilled workers Security staff
Members of above teams will be available during all shifts and holidays. Protective equipment, lifting gears, fire control points etc.; will be provided in sufficient numbers and their locations will be well informed. Necessary vehicles will be kept ready to shift persons 'in case of emergency.
B. Emergency Control Room (Safety officer room)
The place identified as Emergency Control Center is considered as safety officer room. The facilities available at the Emergency Control Center shall include: i. Internal Telephone & External Telephone: Address and telephone numbers of the Factory Inspectorate, Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Police, Fire Brigade, Hospitals and OEP Team Members. ii. Manual Fire/Emergency Siren iii. Siren Actuation Switch iv. Important Address and Telephone Numbers v. Emergency Vehicles vi. Confined Space Entry Procedure vii. List of Antidote/actions to be taken in case of hazardous chemical/materials. viii. Material Safety Data Sheets of chemicals ix. A copy of On-Site Disaster Management Plan x. Plant layout-indicating storage of hazardous materials, layout of fire Hydrants/extinguishers, entrances/exits, roads etc.
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xi. Portable P.A. System, Manual Siren, flood lights, Torches, Pickaxe, Saw, Nylon Ropes. xii. Fire Blankets / Fire Proximity Suit, Breathing Apparatus, First Aid Box etc. xiii. List of employees with address, telephone number, blood group etc.
All communications after General Shift working hours and on Sundays/ Holidays are to be routed through the Security Gate Office.
C. On – site facilities for emergency control
Fire Emergency: Trained personnel will be employed in all the shifts. The responsibilities and duties include: x To fight the fire with available internal firefighting equipment and to stop leakage of liquid etc. x To provide personal protective equipment (PPE) to the team. x To cordon the area and inform incident controller or site main controller about the development of emergency. x To train the persons (essential workers) to use personal protective equipment and fire-fighting equipment.
D. Fire Fighting Facilities to be provided on - site:
1. Fire Buckets / Fire Extinguishers Fire buckets and portable fire extinguishers already provided in all the areas depending upon the specific needs of the area. Some spare equipment will also be maintained in the inventory at an identified fire & safety equipment store. 2. Fire Alarm Sirens It is provided to alert all the employees inside the premises about the situation of an emergency. 3. Sand Buckets 5 no. of sand buckets will be provided within the industrial premises in case of emergency fire. 4. Oxygen Cylinder Oxygen cylinder will be provided for emergency. 5. Safety Equipment All types of personnel protective safety equipment required for handling the emergency will be arranged in the proposed unit. Some of the protective equipment is as follow: o Canister/Cartridge type masks
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o Dust Masks o PVC suits, Aprons o Safety showers/ Eye Wash fountains o Other personnel protective appliances, like safety glasses, gumboots, helmets, hand gloves, face shields, safety belts, safety ladders, safety torches, blankets.
6. Details of fire extinguishers Table 7.11: Fire Extinguishers Sr. Type Capacity Qty. No. 1. Jockey Pump 200 RPM 2 2. Dry Chemical Powder 2 Kg. 10 Nos.
Capacity CO2 type Fire 3. 3 Kg 10 Nos Extinguisher. 4. Water storage tank (For Fire) 25 KL 02 Nos
E. Assembly Points:
The assembly points for gathering workers / Admin staff is fixed and clearly marked as per the wind direction on plant layout as well as on site. In case of emergency some locations are considered as Assembly Points. Depending on the wind direction and location of emergency, Assembly Point is declared. The employees should run across the wind direction and not against the wind direction.
F. Medical Arrangement:
First Aid Boxes have been provided at various strategic locations. Requisite number employees are trained about First Aid, Liaison with nearest hospitals.
Antidotes Antidotes for Formaldehyde
x Milk x Activated Charcoal or Water
Antidotes for Phenol
x Polyethylene glycol 300 or 400 x Activated Charcoal and 240 ml Milk.
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Antidotes for Acetic Acid
x Milk of Magnesia
7.10.8 General Procedures and responsibilities:
Mock drill: Mock drills are carried out regularly to familiarize the staff with their roles, fire protection equipment/system installed in the plant and use of personnel protective equipment. Senior officials.
Wind Socks: Wind direction is determined with the help of installed windsocks.
Procedure on Noticing an Emergency
¾ If anybody notices any situation, which may lead to a disaster, should be immediately inform the Shift In-charge / site controller / Incident Controller / Fire & Safety Supervisor / Security. ¾ Take charge of the situation as Incident Controller. ¾ Rush to the site of emergency to get the correct picture and then to Emergency Control Center for speedy control over the situation by making an arrangement for raising the alarm. ¾ On arrival of Team members, he shall assign duties as required and activate the On-Site Emergency Plan. ¾ Ensure safety of the plant and the personnel in the plant. He will make an assessment of the emergency and decide on external assistance. ¾ Communicate and Coordinate among the Incidents Controller/ Site Controller/ Factory manager/ fire safety supervisor etc. and is final authority on all matters related with management of emergency such as: x Firefighting x Welfare and rescue operations. x Arrange for Civil/Mechanical/Electrical work during emergency. x Transport.
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EHS/Safety Officer and Security Staff:
Rush immediately to the scene of the fire/emergency, select and set out appropriate fire/emergency equipment. He will take the below mentioned actions at the earliest opportunity, if the fire/emergency is not controlled. He will x Call the security personnel from their residences for additional manpower if required. x Regulate entry and exit of personal required for controlling the fire/emergency. x Restrict exit of personal required for controlling the fire/emergency. x Arrange for Personnel Protective Equipment required for the emergency. x Call, the local Fire Brigade, Police in case of necessity in consultation with the Incident controller. x Arrange transport facilities for removal of causalities to dispensary / hospital. x Take responsibility of law and order. x Keep detailed records of the incident and progress of operations to fight the emergency.
Factory manager:
He will rush to the Emergency Control Centre and collect the information from the Incident Controller. Further he will, 9 Announce the location of the Assembly Point after getting information from Incident Controller / site controller. 9 Take the list of persons to be communicated internally and externally. 9 Maintain liaison with the press, government agencies i.e. Police, Fire Brigade etc. and the neighborhood regarding the emergency under instructions from Incident Controller. 9 Courteously Receive officers from the State Government or neighbors to the Administration Block only and inform to Incident Controller that they can be taken care off. 9 Take all the steps required for the welfare such as providing tea, snacks, emergency temporary Medical Center in consultation with the incident controller/site controller. 9 Disclose all the necessary information in the plant and media so as to avoid rumors and Confusion. 9 Also be responsible for the head counts at the Assembly Points.
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Supervisor/ shift in charge & security:
¾ Proceed to the scene; establish contact with firemen and incident controller to supplement efforts in fire fighting. ¾ Assist in searching casualties and help to remove them to the medical center. ¾ Organize outside assistance in fire fighting and rescue operations if required. ¾ Mobilize personal protective equipment and safety appliances and assist personnel handling emergency in using them. ¾ Keep and check on any new development of unsafe situation and report the same to Site Main Controller. ¾ Effectively cordon off the emergency area and will prevent unauthorized people entering the scene. ¾ Permit the Fire tenders or Ambulance requisitioned by Incident Controller to the plant. ¾ Ensure that vehicles and trolleys are sent out of the plant premises. ¾ Ensure that all the employees are conducted out of plant and assembled at Assembly Point. ¾ Control Traffic Movement. Remove tankers, tanker drivers outside. ¾ Entry of unauthorized public to be prevented. ¾ Arrange for vehicles for shifting casualties and essential workers to safe assembly points. ¾ Collect and preserve evidence to facilitate future inquiries.
7.10.9 Offsite Emergency Preparedness Plan
Offsite emergency plan would follow the onsite emergency plan. When the consequences of an emergency situation go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an offsite emergency. As the off-site emergency plan is to be prepared by the Government, a Central Control Committee or Group shall be formed under the Chairmanship of the area head. For example we assume a district structure and District Collector (is the Chairman of the District Control Committee (DCC)). Other officers from police, fire, factory, medical, engineering, social welfare, publicity, railway, telephone, transport and requisite departments shall be incorporated as members.
However, the plant management will provide the public administration with the technical information relating to the nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population. The offsite plan in detail is based on those events, which
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are most likely to occur, but other less likely events, which have severe consequences, will also be considered. Incidents which have very severe consequences yet have a small probability of occurrence would also be considered during the preparation of the plan.
The roles of the various parties who is directly involved in the implementation of an offsite plan are described below. Depending on local arrangements, the responsibility for the offsite plan would either rest with the plant management or with the local authority.
Figure 7.4: Off-Site Emergency Plan
Partner
Aspects Proposed to be considered in the Offsite Emergency Plan
The main aspects, which should be included in the emergency plan, are:
Organization: Detail of command structure, warning systems, and implementation procedures, emergency control centres. Names and appointments of incident controller, site main controller, their deputies and other key personnel.
Communications: Identification of personnel involved, communication centre, call
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signs, network, list of telephone numbers.
Specialized Knowledge: Details of specialist bodies, firms and people upon whom it may be necessary to call e.g. those with specialized fuel knowledge, laboratories.
Voluntary Organizations: Details of organizers, telephone numbers, resources etc.
Fuel Information: Details of the hazardous substances stored and a summary of the risk associated with them.
Meteorological Information: Arrangements for obtaining details of weather forecasts and weather conditions prevailing at that time.
Humanitarian Arrangements: Transport, evacuation centres, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances and temporary mortuaries.
Public Information: Arrangements for (a) Dealing with the media press office; (b) Informing relatives Assessment of Emergency Plan
Arrangements for: Collecting information on the causes of the emergency; and Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.
Role of the Emergency Co-ordinating Officer
The various emergency services would be coordinated by an Emergency Coordinating Officer (ECO), who is designated by the district collector. The ECO would liaison closely with the Factory Manager/Safety officer. The ECO has been equipped with address and phone numbers of important agencies. a. Role of the Local Authority The duty to prepare the offsite plan lies with the local authorities. The Emergency Planning Officer (EPO) appointed should carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range of different emergencies within local authority area. This liaison should ensure that plan is continually kept up to date. It is responsibility of the EPO to ensure that all those organizations which have been involved offsite in handling the emergency knows of their role and are able to accept it by having for example, sufficient staff and appropriate equipment to cover their particular responsibilities. Rehearsals for offsite plans should be organized by the EPO.
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b. Role of Police
Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property and controlling traffic movements. Their functions should include controlling bystanders, evacuating the public, identifying the dead and dealing with casualties, and informing relatives of death or injury. c. Role of Fire Authorities
The control of a fire should be normally the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer who would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the site. The senior fire brigade officer should also have a similar responsibility for other events, such as explosions. Fire authorities in the region should be appraised about the location of all stores of flammable materials, water and foam supply points, and firefighting equipment. They should be involved in onsite emergency rehearsals both as participants and, on occasion, as observers of exercises involving only site personnel.
d. Role of Health Authorities
Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances and so on, should have a vital part to play following a major accident, and they should form an integral part of the emergency plan. For major fires, injuries should be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a varying degree, and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all but extreme cases may be generally available in most hospitals.
Major off site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities additional to those available locally, and a medical "mutual aid” scheme should exist to enable the Assistance of neighboring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency. e. Role of Government Safety Authority
This will be the factory inspectorate available in the region. Inspectors are likely to satisfy themselves that the organization responsible for producing the offsite plan has made adequate arrangements for handling emergencies of all types including major emergencies. They may wish to see well documented procedures and
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evidence of exercise undertaken to test the plan. In the event of an accident, local arrangements regarding the role of the factory inspector will apply. These may vary from keeping a watch, to a close involvement in advising on operations.
Table 7.12 Offsite Action Plan
Action Required to be taken to Responsible Equipment/Material Sr. Mitigate Disaster by Aid giving Agencies for facilities required at site to No. agency taking action mitigate Emergency A Arrangements for evacuation Police Self-Breathing apparatus 1 Rescue of persons from zone of Department with spare cylinder influence to predetermined camps 2 Caution to public by Chemical gas mask with announcement spare canister 3 Traffic control by cordoning of the area Vehicle with PA system 4 Law & order 5 Request to railway authority for Transportation for evacuation keeping the nearest railway gate of people open & to stop the trains at the nearest railway station B Control of fire District Fire Self-breathing apparatus with 1 Scrubbing of the flashed off gas Brigade spare cylinders cloud with water curtain Foam /water fire tenders 2 To rescue trapped persons Gas mask with spare canisters 3 If fire is big, keep surrounding Lime water area cool by spraying water Neck to toe complete 4 Communication to State asbestos suit, PVC hand gloves, Electricity Board to continue or gumboots, safety goggles cut off electric supply Mobile scrubbing system 5 Communication to water supply along with suction arrangement. department for supplying water C Medical facilities for affected Hospital and Ambulance with onboard persons (first aid and treatment) public health resuscitation unit, first aid, stretchers D Identification of concentration of Pollution Gas detector gas in zone of influence Control Board E Removal of debris and damaged Municipal Provide bulldozers structures corporation Provide cranes F Monitor the incoming and out Transport Provide traffic police at site 1 going transports department Provide emergency shifting
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Action Required to be taken to Responsible Equipment/Material Sr. Mitigate Disaster by Aid giving Agencies for facilities required at site to No. agency taking action mitigate Emergency 2 Arrange emergency shifting of vehicles at site affected persons and non Provide stock of fuel for affected person to specified area vehicles. 3 Arrange diesel/petrol for needed vehicles G Give all information related to Meteorological Provide wind direction and 1 meteorological aspects for safe Department velocity instruments with handling of affected area for temperature measurements living beings 2 Forecast important weather Mobile van for changes, if any Meteorological parameter measurements
H Representatives of all Local Crises Must have all resources at hand, 1 Departments are in the local Group specially disaster management crisis group; therefore they are plan and its implementation expected to render services method. available with them. Since it is a All relevant information group of experts with authority, related to hazardous industry the mitigating measures can be shall available with crisis group implemented speedily. The Newspaper editor shall be a representatives from locals are also part of the group so that right there so that communication with and timely media release can be local people is easy and quick. done 2 The district emergency or disaster control officer / collector shall be the president and he shall do mock drill etc. so that action can be taken in right direction in time I Collector shall be the President District Crisis All necessary facilities 1 of District Crisis Group therefore all Group available at district can be made district infrastructure facilities are available at affected zone diverted to affected zone Control of law and order 2 All other functions as mentioned situation for local crisis group
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CHAPTER – 8
PROJECT BENEFITS Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 8
PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 Preamble
After the plant is setup, there is a growth in business, market, and infrastructure, etc. Project benefits focus on the beneficial development of the surrounding area or community in terms of infrastructural development, Social development, employment and other tangible benefits due to project. Proposed project has a potential for employment of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled employees during construction phase as well as operational phase.
8.2 Employment Potential
Approximate 10 persons will get employment potential for skilled & unskilled, for the operation and maintenance of the plant in efficient way. During construction phase, workers will be required. First preference will be given to the local people from nearby villages according to the skill as well as requirement which will increase employment opportunity in the surrounding area. Secondary and indirect employments are also bound to be generated to provide day-to-day needs and services to the work force and industrial activity. The employed people will be benefited financially as this financial growth will fulfil their economic requirements, which in turn will increase their standard of living.
8.3 Improvement in Physical & Social Infrastructure
Physical infrastructure includes infrastructural & technological facilities of the project, necessary for the operation. Unit is proposed to start manufacturing of different types of resin manufacturing activities at Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District : Morbi-363642, Gujarat. Unit will use modern technologies and infrastructural facilities. So that, nearby public or workers will become aware to new technology launched or running in the present market and thereby it will also helpful in increasing knowledge of employment to the surrounding people.
Following will be other improvements in the physical infrastructure: Adoption of new technology. Awareness in local educated people for new technology. Improvement in local amenities facilities.
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Improvement in road link facilities as transportation through truck and other vehicles will increase due to proposed project. Improvement in local civilization. Increase in income of local population. Increase in requirement for man power.
Due to proposed project activity, social infrastructure will be improved by means of civilization, vocational training and basic amenities.
Civilization: Due to the project, employment and other infrastructural facilities will boost up income of surrounding people and improve quality of life. This will indirectly boost up the civilization of the surrounding people.
Vocational Training: Moreover, unit will provide vocational training opportunity to the surrounding people and greed for employment will motivate the education activities that will lead the change in life style of the surrounding and affect people hence social infrastructure will be improved.
Basic Amenities: Better education facilities, proper healthcare, road infrastructure and drinking water facilities are basic social amenities for better living standard of any human being which will further increase the above amenities directly/indirectly either by providing or by improving the facilities in the area, which will help in uplifting the living standards of local communities.
8.4 Other Tangible Benefits
Employment & trade opportunities will be generated with the starting of the construction activities. Thus, these considerable employment & trade opportunities will eventually result in appreciable economic benefits to the local people & contractors. Proposed project will also contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in the form of GST. Indirect contribution to the State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of trucks, income tax from individual as well as taxes from associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in developing the area. The country shall also benefit from increase in excise and vat revenues. The CSR activities by the company can be considerably beneficial for the health, education, upliftment of poor people, welfare of women & labors, assistance to the disabled people etc. These all together with the economic benefits of the proposed project will result in further benefits in terms of the literacy level, primary and middle level education and on health facilities.
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8.5 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Unit will spend annually minimum 2.5 % of its net profit for carrying out various CSR activities as stated below;
Provision of drinking water and sanitation facilities in schools and villages. Provision of education aids like books, notes, stationary, etc. & scholarship to poor students. Contribute in religious and social activities in nearby villages. Organize medical camps and providing support for the development and maintenance of the health facilities. Plantation along the road side and development of garden/greenbelt in nearby villages. Organize various camps for awareness programs regarding health and sanitation, Cleanliness in surrounding, education, etc.
The Industry will provide 2.5 % of the project cost towards Corporate Social Responsibility. Socio-economic development activities will be planned based on the suggestions during public hearing as well as general necessity in villages.
Table 8.1: Action Plan for Socio-Economic Development Activities
Yearly amount to be spent in CSR activities Total amount Type of Activities (Rs. In Lakhs) to be spent 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th (Rs. In Lakhs) Year Year Year Year Year
Drinking & sanitation facilities in 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 schools of nearby villages
Organization of medical camps and 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.625 health awareness programs
Donation in schools and for 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 education aids
Donation towards Medical facilities 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.25 Tree plantation in nearby villages 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.25 Total 0.425 0.425 0.425 0.425 0.425 2.125
CSR activities have to be done by the company will be considerably beneficial for the health, education, up-liftment of poor people as well as development of surrounding area.
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CHAPTER – 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis
As per EIA Notification 2006, this Chapter of the ‘Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis’ is applicable only if it is recommended at the Scoping stage. However, as per the ToR points issued by MoEF, New Delhi vide File No. IA-J- 11011/556/2017-IA II (I) & ToR Letter dated 14th Jan, 2018, the Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis is not applicable and hence it has not been prepared.
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CHAPTER – 10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
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CHAPTER - 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 Introduction
To formulate and monitor Environmental Protection measures during and after commissioning of project, preparation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required. The development of sound Environment Management Plan is important to mitigate any adverse impacts of the proposed project. The plan should indicate the details as to how various measures have been or are being proposed to be taken including cost components as may be required. Cost of measures for environmental safe guards should be treated as an integral component of the project cost and environmental aspects should be taken in to account at various stages of the project.
Conceptualization: Preliminary Environmental Assessment. Planning: Detailed study of Environmental Impacts and Design of Safeguard Execution: Implementation of Environmental safety measures. Operation: Monitoring of effectiveness of built in safe guards.
The maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged in the environment without affecting the designated use and is governed by dilution, dispersion and removal due to natural physio-chemical and biological processes is the Assimilative capacity of the study area. The main objective of Environmental Management Plan is to warrant that the industrial development in an identified particular study area needs to be entangled with judicious utilization of non-renewable resources and to ensure that the stress/load on the ecosystem is within its permissible assimilative capacity i.e. its carrying capacity.
Environment Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the area of the proposed plant. Hence, it needs to be an all encompass plan for which the proposed industry, Government, Regulating agencies like Pollution Control Board working in the region and more importantly the affected population of the study area need to extend their co-operation and contribution. The identification and quantification of impacts based on scientific and mathematical modelling.
Management Action Plan targets at controlling pollution at the source level to the possible extent with the best available technology followed by treatment measures before they are discharged. The recycling and re-use of industrial waste not only
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reduces the waste generated but can be an economic gain to the industry.
10.2 Objectives of Environmental Management Plan
The objective of the Environmental Management Plan is summarized as under:
x To limit/reduce the degree, extent, magnitude or duration of adverse impacts. x To treat all the pollutants i.e. liquid effluent, air emissions and hazardous waste with adoption of adequate and efficient technology. x To comply with all the norms and standards stipulated by Gujarat Pollution Control Board/Central Pollution Control Board. x To create good working conditions. x To reduce any risk hazards and design the disaster management plan. x Continuous development and search for innovative technologies for a cleaner and better environment.
10.3 Components of EMP
EMP for the proposed project covers following aspects:
x Description of mitigation measures which are proposed for proposed operation phase only x Description of monitoring program x Institutional arrangements x Implementation schedule and reporting procedures
All above aspects and objectives are kept in the view and considering the same EMP is prepared for two major fields,
10.3.1 Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
Unit is well aware of environmental requirements for planning and implementation of the project and set up a department with trained personnel headed under the qualified EHS officer. As indicated in the impact and mitigation chapter of this report, the environmental impact due to the proposed activity is very marginal release of pollutants due to proposed activity.
10.3.2 Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS)
Chemical industries prefer an integrated approach and make environmental management a part of overall Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Management system. This model EHS system suggests and addresses EMS issues such as:
Management system expectation Management leadership, responsibilities and accountability
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Risk assessment and management Compliance and other requirements Personnel, training and contractor services Documentation and communications Facilities design and construction Operation, maintenance and management Community awareness and emergency response EHS performance monitoring and measurement Incident investigation reporting and analysis EHS management system audit Management review and audit
10.3.3 Environmental Management Cell (EMC)
For effective implementation of the monitoring program, it is necessary to have a permanent organizational set-up. Thus, unit will set-up permanent Environmental Management Cell (EMC) for the effective implementation and monitoring of environmental management system as given below.
EMC will monitor all project activities to ensure the appropriate implementation of all environmental mitigation activities and to identify areas where environmental management plan compliance is not satisfied. Responsibilities will be assigned to officer from various disciplines to perform and co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of environmental control measures. Partner of the company will be responsible for overall environmental management. EHS officer will inform all the matter regarding environmental management including reporting of non compliances / violations of environmental norms.
Figure 10.1: Environmental Management Cell
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10.4 Environmental Management Plan for the Proposed Project
EMP is given below for both construction phase as well as operational phase.
10.4.1 Environment management during construction phase
Description Source Type of Pollutant Control Measures Various Project Construction activities Particulate matter, x Top soil (if any) will be stored onsite and used for development of Environmental such as site cleaning, fugitive emissions, greenbelt/ landscaping. Parameters excavation, building domestic wastewater, x Excavated earth (if any) will be used for refilling of foundation & such as construction, installation of noise, municipal waste, plinth, green belt and levelling low lying areas at project site itself. air, water, equipment’s, transportation of hazardous waste, etc. x Construction and demolition materials (if any) will be used for noise, land/soil, construction material and leveling low lying areas. flora, fauna, construction material handling x Regular sprinkling of the water will be recommended during the socio-economic, etc. construction phase. health & safety x Tarpaulin sheet will be used to cover the materials during transportation. x Preventing maintenance of machinery and transportation vehicles should be carried out regularly. x Provision of silencer, to modulate the noise generated by the machine, if required. x Regular use of PPE like nose masks, gum-boots & hand gloves while working. x Reduce the exposure time of workers to the higher noise level by job rotation. x To protect workers working in noisy area, personal protective
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Description Source Type of Pollutant Control Measures equipments like earmuffs/earplugs will be provided. x The safety department will supervise the safe working of the contractor and their employees. x All municipal solid waste will be properly stored on site before it is collected by municipal waste management agency for its ultimate disposal. x The construction site would be provided with suitable toilet facilities for the workers to allow proper standards of hygiene. These facilities would be connected to a septic tank and maintained to ensure minimum impact on the environment. x Adequate space will be provided for construction of temporary sheds for construction workers mobilized by the contractors. Unit will also supply potable water for the construction workers. x Work spots will be maintained clean, provided with optimum lighting and enough ventilation to eliminate dust/fumes. x Tree plantation will be carried out on periphery of plant premises and along the roadside. x Conservation plan for the peacock is attached as Annexure – 10.
10.4.2 Environment management during operational phase
The EMP for the proposed project has been prepared for the various environmental attributes like Air, Water, Land, Noise, Ecology, Socio-Economic etc.
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Description Source Type of Pollutant/ Control Measures Pollution Potential
Air Stack attached to Boiler, TFH SPM, SO2 and NO2 x Coal/Bio-Coal should only be used as fuel for Boiler & TFH. Environment and D.G. Sets (Stand By) x Multi-Cyclone Separator and Bag Filter will be provided to the common stack attached to Boiler and Thermic Fluid Heater (TFH) as an Air Pollution Control System x HSD should only be used as fuel for D.G. Set. x Adequate stack height will be provided to control & disperse the air pollutants within the stipulated norms. x Peripheral greenbelt should be developed as per CPCB guidelines and maintained adequately. Fugitive emissions due to raw Odour/VOC x All the raw materials will be stored in isolated storage area and material handling and containers will be kept tightly closed. transportation, manufacturing x Entire manufacturing activity will be carried out in closed activity etc. reactors/ vessels and regular checking and maintenance of the same will be carried out to avoid any leakages. x All the motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame proof and provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand-by arrangement. x The control of all parameters on a continuous basis will be done by adequate control valves, pressure release valves and safety valves etc. x All the flange joints of the pipe lines will be covered with flange guards. x The spillages / leakages of specific chemical will be collected and it will be drained to effluent treatment plant. x Precautionary measures will be taken while handling various hazardous chemicals.
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Description Source Type of Pollutant/ Control Measures Pollution Potential x Adequate ventilation system in process plant and hazardous chemical storage area should be provided. x A regular preventive maintenance will be planned to replace or rectify all gaskets, joints etc. x Transporters will be instructed to cover the trucks by tarpaulin sheets. x TREM card will be provided to the driver during the transportation of hazardous raw materials/products. x Sufficient information and training regarding characteristics and immediate actions in case of any spillage or accident during transportation of hazardous chemical will be provided to the driver x The unit will also develop green belt area within the factory premises to control the fugitive emissions from spreading into surrounding environment. x Unit will install portable detection system for VOCs in the process area. In addition, unit should carry out regular work place monitoring. x To control the odour generated during process, unit will provide turbo jet ventilators on the roof top of the industrial shed area. Water Domestic Wastewater Low Pollution x The domestic wastewater generated will be disposed off through Environment Potential soak pit system. Industrial Wastewater Slightly High Pollution x Industrial wastewater will be generated from process, cooling Potential tower blow-down, Boiler blow down, washing & RO. Process & washing wastewater will be collected in collection tank. Then wastewater will be given chemical oxidation treatment. After
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Description Source Type of Pollutant/ Control Measures Pollution Potential completion of chemical oxidation treatment, wastewater will be taken to neutralization tank, where neutralization of effluent will take place by addition of utilities wastewater and chemicals. Neutralized effluent will be taken to settling tank for chemical sludge separation. Supernatant from settling tank will be taken to an evaporator followed by condenser via holding tank. ETP sludge along with evaporation residue from evaporator will be disposed of at TSDF site. Thus, unit will maintain Zero Effluent Discharge. Solid/ Manufacturing Activity, ETP Sludge + x ETP Sludge + Evaporation Residue will be disposed off at Hazardous Wastewater Treatment Evaporation Residue, approved TSDF site. Used Oil will be reused within premises as a Waste Used Oil, Discarded lubricant or sold to registered recycler. Discarded Plastic Management Plastic Bags/Drums. Bags/Drums will be sold to authorized vendor. x Separate storage area should be provided for hazardous waste proposed to be generated from the unit. The hazardous waste storage area will have RCC flooring and asbestos roof covering on the top so as to avoid rainwater mixing with the same. The leachate if any, will be discharged to collection tank of Effluent Treatment Plant Burning of Fuel in Boiler and Fly Ash x Fly ash will be generated as solid waste; which will be sold to TFH cement/ RMC/ paver blocks/ building bricks manufacturer units and also will be supplied to the other companies for land levelling, conditioning, road construction, etc. Noise Plant Equipments and various Low Pollution x Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and/or Environment Machinery Potential protective measures should be provided, if required (wherever noise level is more than 90 dB (A)). x Employees should be provided with ear protection measures like
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Description Source Type of Pollutant/ Control Measures Pollution Potential earplugs or earmuffs. Earplug should be provided to all workers where exposure is 85 dB (A) or more. x The transportation contractor shall be informed to avoid unnecessary speeding of the vehicles inside the premises. x Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation. x The selection of plant equipment will be made with specification of low noise levels. x Areas with high noise levels will be identified and segregated where possible and will include prominently displayed caution boards. x The greenbelt area will be developed within industrial premises and around the periphery (if possible) to prevent the noise pollution in surrounding area.
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10.5 Greenbelt Development Plan
The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the plant and the surrounding areas. The green belt helps to check soil erosion, make the eco-system more sustainable, make the climate more conductive and restore water balance. The green belt helps to capture the fugitive emissions and to attenuate the noise generated in the plant apart from improving the aesthetics of the plant site.
Out of total plant area of 10750 m2, Unit will develop greenbelt in 3548 m2 Area, in which half portion will be developed by tree cover. The tolerant species with diversity will be planted which will help in suppression of fugitive dust, attenuate noise levels and provide aesthetic background. The green belt development program will go simultaneously in phased manner along with the civil activities. Details of the proposed plant species are given in the Table 10.1.
Table 10.1: Details of Plant Species in Greenbelt
Number of Common Name of Trees/Plants Scientific Name Species Neem / Limbado Azadirachta indica 70 Gulmohar Delonix regia 50 Ram Baval Parkinsonia aculeate 60 Kesudo, Khakharo Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. 60 Shirish Albizia lebbek 60 Karanj Pongamia pinnata 60 Pili Karan Thevetia peruviana 41 Lal Karen Nerium indicum 41 Goras Ambli Pithecelobium dulce 41 Total Species 483 Proposed Five Years Program for Greenbelt Development Plantation 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year Total details No. of plants 146 121 72 72 72 483 Yearly 30 % 25 % 15 % 15 % 15 % 100 % Percentage
(A) Design of Green Belt:
All around the site, a green belt of 5-10 m width will be developed as bio- fence and bio-defense. In view of the presence of surface or subsurface rock, trenches up to 2m depth will be dug out all around the site. They will be filled with top soil from the construction site up to a depth of 1.75m leaving a gap on about 0.25 m for effective
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watering and manuring.
Where it is not possible for a trench; bore holes of 9 inches diameter and 10 Ft (3m) depth will be drilled, filled with a mixture of garden soil, vermin compost and sand in equal proportions. Saplings grown in poly bags will be transplanted. Fast growing, evergreen or semi evergreen tree saplings or cuttings will be planted to develop a thick green belt. Saplings are readily available from the local nurseries and the plants are well adapted to the local agro climate.
Shrubs and trees will be planted in encircling rows around the project site. The short trees (<10 m height) will be planted in the first rows (towards plant side) of the green belt. The tall trees (>10 m height) will be planted in the outer row (away from plant side).
(B) Guidelines to be considered in Green Belt:
x Planting of trees in each row will be in staggered orientation. x In the front row, shrubs will be grown. x Since the trunks of the tall trees are generally devoid of foliage, it will be useful to have shrubs in front of the trees so as to give coverage to this portion. x The spacing between the trees will be maintained slightly less than the normal spaces, so that the trees may grow vertically and slightly increase the effective height of the green belt. x Providing the Greenbelt more than 33% area of the total project area with various species. The list of plant species which are suggested by us that should be grown at industry periphery and inside of industry for reduce air pollution is attached as Annexure – 6.
10.6 Rain Water Harvesting Scheme
Rainwater Harvesting is generally recharging rainwater in to the underground formation, where it will be stored in underground reservoirs (Aquifer) so that we can draw it whenever we need it.
Need for Rainwater Harvesting To reduce ground water pollution To augment the ground water storage and decline of water level To improve the quality of ground water To reduce the soil erosion
The harvested rain water can be used for flushing, washing, gardening, irrigation,
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M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
fire fighting etc. Rain water is the purest form for water available to us.
Advantages of Rainwater Harvesting Provides self sufficiency at least reduces load on water supply Reduces the cost of pumping of ground water as it raises ground water table Improves quality of ground water through dilution when recharge to ground water Reduces soil erosion in alluvium area Rainwater harvesting systems are simple which can be adopted by individuals
Unit proposes to manufacture synthetic organic resin which will require some hazardous chemicals as raw material. Due to handling and storage of such chemicals, unit is planning to store rain water and use the same for activities like washing, cooling, etc. Calculation of rain water to be harvested based on yearly rainfall and runoff is given in Table 10.2.
Table 10.2: Details of Rain Water Harvesting
Particular Details Green Open Built- belt area up area area Annual rainfall (m) 0.6 No. of rainy days per year 30 Catchment area available (m2) 2032 5170 3548 Coefficient of runoff (as per CGWB guideline) 0.2 0.6 0.5 Area wise volume of rain water can be harvested 243.8 1861.2 1064.4 (Kilo Liter/year) Total volume of rain water can be harvested 3169.4 (KL/year) Average volume of rain water can be harvested 105.6 (KL/day) during 30 rainy days Volume of storage tank to be provided by unit for 55 KL * 2 rain water storage (KL) Total Fresh water requirement by unit (KL/year) 5040
Based on the above table, it can be concluded that annual volume of rain water for harvesting is about 62.9 % of the annual fresh water requirement. Unit will provide rain water storage tank of about 55 Kilo Litre (2 nos.) and stored water will be used for cooling, washing & domestic etc. purpose as per requirement.
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M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
10.7 Occupational Health Management Plan
All precautionary methods will be adopted by the company to reduce the risk of exposure of hazards to employees, specifically:
9 Pre-employment and periodical medical examinations will be carried out to assess the health status of the workers and medical records for the same will be maintained for each employee. 9 A qualified doctor will be appointed on casual basis and required medicines, antidotes and first-aid box will be procured under the guidance of appointed doctor as per guidelines of Factory Act. 9 Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPEs) like helmet, goggles, hand gloves, safety shoes, nose masks and ear protecting devices like ear plugs/ear muffs will be provided to all the workers. 9 Adequate numbers of fire fighting equipments and extinguishers will be installed as per requirement of the fire risk in the proposed plant. 9 Proper training will be imparted to employees for use of safety appliances & first aid. 9 All workers will be trained on respective Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) so as to enable them to prevent any possible mishaps. 9 All loading/unloading will be carried out under technical guidance as per the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) generated for the particular raw material/product. 9 All pollution control equipments are periodically checked and maintained. 9 The work place area monitoring will be carried out for Particulate Matters (PM), VOCs & Noise on regular basis. 9 Good housekeeping, proper and adequate ventilation and lighting will be arranged for better workplace area as per guidelines of Factory Act. 9 Water purification and water cooler will be provided for safe drinking water.
10.8 Fire & Safety Management Plan
The company will provide sufficient fire extinguishers and fire hydrant systems for protection of the plant building against fire due to electrical spark and short circuit. Automatic type fire extinguishing system will be provided to protect the control and computer rooms areas from fire hazards.
Qualified and trained officers will manage the environment and safety department. All persons in operation and maintenance of the plant will be given basic fire fighting training.
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M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
To avoid short-circuiting an earthing system will be designed and installed for a ground fault short circuit. Grid resistance will be decided based on soil resistively and allowance for corrosion. Electrical equipments will be flame proof. To avoid road accident due to spillage of fuels and blockages of road, proper parking and road safety signs both inside and outside the plant will be displayed.
Good housekeeping, proper and adequate ventilation and lighting will be arranged for better workplace area as per guidelines of Factory Act.
10.9 Cleaner Production Technologies
Cleaner production is a preventive, company-specific environmental protection initiative. It is intended to minimize waste and emissions and maximize product output. Unit will adopt cleaner production techniques in water conservation, waste minimization, housekeeping, reuse/recycle, energy saving etc. wherever possible by the following practices;
Adopting latest and best process technology to achieve maximum yield with minimum waste generation. Adopting good housekeeping practices by maintaining cleanliness in premises and providing regular training and giving instructions for the same. Carrying out energy audit at regular time interval. Installing flow meter at water intake and at effluent treatment plant. Installation and efficient use of rain water harvesting system. Reusing treated industrial effluent in industrial activities. Reusing condensate water in RO. Reusing spent/waste oil for lubrication in machineries and equipments within the premises.
10.10 Budget for Environment Protection Measures
Capital investment for the protection of environment will be about Rs. 29 Lakhs. Unit will regularly and efficiently operate environmental management systems and keep provision for fund for meeting expenses for the same. The budgetary allocation towards Environmental Management for the proposed project is presented in the Table 10.3
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M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Table 10.3: Budgetary allocation towards Environmental Management
Aspect of Cost in Recurring Cost Remarks Environmental Lakh (Lakh /Annum) Management [Rs.] [Rs.] Air Pollution 12.00 1.5 Capital cost would include air pollution control devices and the recurring cost would include operation and maintenance of pollution control devices and stack emission monitoring & sample analysis charges. Water Pollution 13.00 2.0 Capital cost would include cost of soak pit system, ETP , evaporator etc. and recurring cost would include maintenance charges, manpower salary, sample analysis charges etc. Noise Pollution 0.5 0.1 Capital cost would include providing adequate sound enclosures and recurring cost would include monitoring of noise level. Hazardous / Solid 0.5 1.5 Capital cost would include Waste Management expense for providing storage area for hazardous waste and recurring cost would be for solid/ hazardous waste packing & its disposal and for the membership of TSDF site Green Belt 1.5 1.0 Capital cost would include development of green belt within and outside the project premises and recurring cost would include maintenance charges, manpower salary etc. Occupational 1.0 1.5 Capital cost would include cost Health & Safety of OHS center, PPEs and recurring cost would include maintenance charges Miscellaneous 0.50 1.0 Miscellaneous activity such as development of rain water harvesting system, cost of fire and safety equipment and
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M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli,
Taluka & District: Morbi , Gujarat.
Aspect of Cost in Recurring Cost Remarks Environmental Lakh (Lakh /Annum) Management [Rs.] [Rs.] recurring cost would include maintenance charges Total 29.00 8.60
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CHAPTER – 11
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION M/s Priva Laminates LLP Environmental Impact Assessment Report Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi
– 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 Introduction
Generally any project or action includes various impacts, which vary in magnitude as their beneficial or adverse classification. At the same time it is very important to conclude that the “overall” or “collective” impact of the proposed project is beneficial or detrimental.
In case of the proposed project, impacts are evaluated with respect to various activities during construction and operational phase.
11.2 Air Environment
The general meteorological data collected during the study period confirms that climatic status of the study area is consistent with the regional meteorology.
Baseline AAQ data indicates that 98th percentile concentration of PM10, PM2.5, SO2,
NO2, CO & VOCs in the study area are well within the permissible limits as prescribed in the National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) standards.
Based on the ground level concentration evaluated by Dispersion Modelling, it is found that due to the operation of proposed project incremental values of various parameters are well within the permission limits as prescribed in the National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) standards.
Hence, it may be concluded that there would not be any adverse impacts on surrounding air environment within the study area due to the proposed project.
11.3 Water Environment
Base - line data reveal that as per drinking water quality standards IS 10500 overall quality of both surface & ground water is suitable for domestic activity including agricultural activity. Ground water quality in the area meets the Water Quality Standards (IS 10500) for drinking water except for Turbidity, TDS and Total Hardness at some locations and Surface water quality in the area meets the Water
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Quality Standards (IS 10500) for drinking water except for Turbidity, TDS, Total Hardness, Chlorides and Magnesium at some locations.
The total water requirement for the proposed project activity will be 14 kl/day. Water will be obtained through a bore-well to fulfil such requirements. However, industry proposed to install rainwater harvesting system to recharge the groundwater. Therefore, there will be no significant impact on groundwater.
Domestic wastewater will be disposed off through soak pit system and industrial wastewater will be collected and treated in ETP. Treated effluent will be ultimately evaporated off in an evaporator.
Thus, it can be concluded that there would not be any significant adverse impact on the water environment due to the proposed project.
11.4 Noise Environment
Noise level in the project premises will be controlled at the source itself by appropriate use of noise suppressing systems. Noise level in the surrounding study area is well within the permissible limits as prescribed in the National Noise Quality Standards except at Morbi where the noise level are found to be higher than permissible limit due high vehicular activities.
Thus, noise generated due to the project activity shall create negligible impact in surrounding environments. This shall further be attenuated by a barrier of plantation at the periphery of the plant.
11.5 Land/Soil Environment
The soil pollution is generally due to wastewater and solid waste. There will be no industrial wastewater discharge as treated effluent will be ultimately evaporated off in an evaporator. Solid waste generation will be very less during operation phase of the proposed project. Hazardous waste will be properly collected, stored & ultimately disposed to secured landfill/TSDF site.
All the solid/hazardous wastes generated due to the proposed project will be properly collected, stored & ultimately disposed off as per the applicable Act/Rules prescribed by statutory authority.
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– 363642, Gujarat.
Therefore, there would be no adverse impact on the land environment due to the proposed project.
11.6 Ecology & Biodiversity
The flora and fauna of the study area indicate that species diversification is very less in the study area so, impacts on flora and fauna are negligible. There would be no adverse impact of air pollution on the surrounding ecology as all the necessary air pollution control measures will be provided.
It may be noted that the company will develop a large green belt area, which will help in inviting birds and other creatures to proliferate. Thus, the proposed project will not have any adverse impact on the ecology.
11.7 Socio-Economic Environment
The proposed project will generate employment during operation phase. The indirect employment will also be generated by way of transportation, shopkeepers and other casual employment for many people during operation phase as well as construction phase.
Local people will be given preference for the jobs in the proposed project. Economic status of the local people will improve due to the increased business opportunities, thereby making a positive impact. Educational, medical and housing facilities in the study area will considerably improve.
Thus, the proposed project will have significant positive impact on the employment pattern of the study area.
11.8 Conclusion
Negligible impacts will occur on air quality. However, all the necessary air pollution control measures will be provided. No ecological damage will occur. No adverse impacts will occur on water environment. Local employment opportunities will increase. Various other environment parameters like Forest/ National Park/ Sanctuary and Religious / Historical Places will not be affected.
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– 363642, Gujarat.
Environment Management Plan has been formulated to control all the pollutant parameters and Environment Management Cell has been set-up to ensure that these parameters do not exceed the norms set out by the concerned authorities. After commissioning of the proposed project the Environmental Management Cell will take care of all the pollution control measures. It can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental management plan during the construction & operational phase, there will be negligible impact on the environment.
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CHAPTER – 12
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
CHAPTER - 12
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ORGANIZATION
12.1 Declaration For Involvement in EIA Study
DECLARATION BY ORGANIZATION
Project Details Name & address PRIVA LAMINATES Survey No. 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH-8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District :Morbi-363642, Gujarat [email protected] Status Proposed project Type Manufacturing of synthetic organic resin Category as per EIA Notification 5(f) ‘A’ NABET sector 21 EIA Consultant Details Name & address T. R. Associates C-605/A, Ganesh Meridian, Opp. Kargil Petrol Pump, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Contact No.: 98253 71099 [email protected] Status NABET ACCREDITED 5 (f) Category Accreditation No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA0033 Details of Laboratory engaged in EIA Study Name & address T. R. Associates C-605/A, Ganesh Meridian, Opp. Kargil Petrol Pump, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Contact No.: 98253 71099 [email protected] Status NABL Accredited vides Certificate No. T-3189 dated 14-11-2014 valid upto 13-11-2018 Name & address Aavanira Biotech (P) Ltd. Kinetic Innovation Park, D-1 Block, Plot No. 18/1 Part, MIDC Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra. [email protected] Status NABL Accredited & MoEF Approved
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
NABET ACCREDITATION CERTIFICATE
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
12.2 Company Profile
T. R. ASSOCIATES is an organization working towards providing techno- economical solutions through innovative ideas and indigenous technologies, in the field of Pollution Control and Management. Having in-house facilities for Design, Execution, Erection and Commissioning; T. R. Associates undertakes project from Concept to Commissioning.
T. R. ASSOCIATES is enlisted as Environmental Consultants and are recognized as Schedule-II Environmental Auditors by Gujarat Pollution Control Board.
SERVICES
T. R. Associates provides services in the areas,
Research & Development
Environment & Safety Consultation: Environmental Quality Monitoring Engineering Designs Environment & Safety Assessment: Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Audit Safety Audit Risk Assessment Engineering Procurement & Commissioning: Effluent Treatment Plants Sewage Treatment Plants Common Effluent Treatment Plants Operation & Maintenance of Treatment Plants: Laboratory work: Ambient air and Noise monitoring & analysis, water & soil analysis
INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES
Office Premises: Office area of around 930 sq. ft. is located in commercial area on S. G. Highway, Opp. Gujarat High Court. The office and the laboratory are located very near, which help in maintaining the authenticity of the methodologies used for the analysis thus helping in arriving at the quality solution timely.
Laboratory Facilities: Laboratory is a heart for any organization dealing in the environmental field. T. R. Associates has a NABL accredited Lab with a team of experience personnel who are trained in sampling for air, water and wastewater and for conducting Analysis, Treatability and Feasibility studies at its own well-
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report M/s Priva Laminates LLP for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit Survey No.: 44/1 Paiki 3/2, NH – 8A, Near Affil Vitrified, Village: Pipli, Taluka & District: Morbi – 363642, Gujarat.
equipped laboratory.
Analytical Capability: The laboratory can undertake the qualitative and timely analysis of all the environmental parameters concerning Air, Water & Waste Water and Hazardous / Solid Waste.
R&D Facilities: Has established bench scale models for process development, performance evaluation and process optimization.
Communication Facilities: Main facilities like office and laboratory are located very near thus aiding faster communication between the personnel’s thus helping at arriving to a solution faster. The infrastructure is adequately equipped with Telephone connections, Wi-Fi connection, Internet connection, Courier services etc. to have faster communication with the outer world.
LIST OF INSTRUMENTS / EQUIPMENTS / MODEL
Magnetic Analytical Balance pH meter Conductivity Meter COD Digestion Assembly Incubator for BOD Refrigerator for storage of samples and reagents Digital UV Visible Spectrophotometer Magnetic Stirrer with Hot Plate Hot Plate Other Glassware Stack Monitoring Kits High Volume Air Samplers Respirable Dust Collector
PM2.5 Sampler Wind Speed Meter Wind Direction Min. Max. Temperature Thermometer Dry Bulb Wet Bulb dB meter Microscope with Halogen Lamp Oven Temperature Controller Muffle Furnace Flame Photometer
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