Building Designer Guide
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FRAMING GUIDELINES Cutting, Notching, and Boring Lumber Joists Joist Size Maximum Maximum Maximum Hole Notch Depth End Notch 2X4 None None None
FRAMING GUIDELINES Cutting, Notching, and Boring Lumber Joists Joist Size Maximum Maximum Maximum Hole Notch Depth End Notch 2x4 None None None 2x6 11/2 7/8 13/8 2x8 23/8 11/4 17/8 2x10 3 11/2 23/8 2x12 33/4 17/8 27/8 In joists, never cut holes closer than 2 inches to joist edges, nor make them larger than 1/3 the depth of the joist. Also, don’t make notches in the middle third of a span, where the bending forces are greatest. They should also not be deeper than 1/6 the depth of the joist, or 1/4 the depth if the notch is at the end of the joist. Limit the length of notches to 1/3 of the joist’s depth. Use actual, not nominal, dimensions. (“Field Guide to Common Framing Errors,” 10/91) Hole-Cutting Rules for Wood I-Joists Min. Distance from Inside Face of Support to Near Edge of Hole Do not cut holes larger Distance between hole Depth TJI/Pro 2” 3” 4” 5” 6” edges must be 2x (min.) than 11/2" in cantilever length of largest hole; 91/2” 150 1’-0” 1’-6” 3’-0” 5’-0” 6’-6” applies also to 11/2" holes 250 1’-0” 2’-6” 4’-0” 5’-6” 7’-6” L 2 x L 117/8” 150 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 2’-0” 3’-0” 250 1’-0” 1’-0” 2’-0” 3’-0” 4’-6” 350 1’-0” 2’-0” 3’-0” 4’-6” 5’-6” 550 1’-0” 1’-6” 3’-0” 4’-6” 6’-0” 14” 250 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-6” 350 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-6” 3’-0” 550 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 2’-6” 4’-0” 11/2" holes can be cut 16” 250 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” anywhere in the web (11/2" knockouts Leave 1/8" (min.) of 350 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” 1’-0” provided 12" o.c.) web at top and Min. -
Illuminator® Tube Skylight
Illuminator® Tube Skylight A new opportunity to help add profit and value. And make every job shine. The Owens Corning® Illuminator® Tube Skylight is a smart choice for bringing natural light into the home. It’s designed to prevent leaking and is covered by a Limited Lifetime Warranty.* This warranty offers the homeowner coverage against manufacturing defects for as long as they own their home. Natural lighting. Evenly distributes up to 500 watts† of clean, natural light, helping to reduce reliance on electricity. Excellent alternative to traditional skylights. The Illuminator® Tube Skylight is cost-effective, easier to install, and features seamless, one-piece flashing designed to prevent leaking. Also provides natural light where a traditional skylight is not an option. A solution for all — naturally. Models are available for nearly all types of roofing materials — including tile and metal — and for applications in severe weather zones, such as in HVHZ. Roof Dome The Owens Corning™ Illuminator® Tube Skylight Natural lighting. Naturally easy installation. The Illuminator® Tube Skylight is easy to install with no framing, Roof Flashing drywall or electrician required and can be installed during a re-roof process or new construction – typically in less than two hours. Just follow these four simple steps: 1. Once a location is determined, use included guide to mark and cut roof, secure flashing, and install top tubing and dome. 2. Inside the home, use included guide to mark and cut ceiling, feed bottom tubing into attic, and install trim ring. 3. In the attic, insert bottom tube into trim ring and connect to top tube. -
SKYLIGHT SYSTEMS Natural Daylighting Solutions for Residential & Commercial Applications About Us
SKYLIGHT SYSTEMS Natural Daylighting Solutions for Residential & Commercial Applications About Us DRIVE TO SUCCEED Solar has been making high quality CUSTOM DESIGNS VERTICALLY INTEGRATED At Solar Innovations® Architectural systems since 1998. We began with an Ingrained in our company’s DNA is a Engineering, product testing, and product Glazing Systems, we push the envelope idea that we could not only create better “never say no” customer service attitude. design all take place within our own by continually developing more innovative products than the market was offering at This mentality has been the catalyst facility. We machine many of our own ways to build the products our customers the time, but could also introduce new for each product line offered by Solar parts, paint most of our own material, are requesting. Our deep rooted core designs that were not even a concept in Innovations® and continues to drive us and create our own custom hardware. values strengthen our commitment to our customers' or competitors' minds. to become the premier door & window, By producing as many components completing the highest quality projects Our team was small in the beginning, but glass structure, and skylight provider in within our own manufacturing facility as delivered on time. We enjoy tackling some over time as we found a talented pool North America. Some of Solar’s greatest possible, we have greater control over of the most complex projects that others of people with our same principles, we innovations have developed from cost and lead times. Superior technical in the industry will not touch, simply began to build a company that today unique customer requests that others support can also be offered for our because innovation not only creates long conquers projects of all sizes and types could not fulfill. -
Installers' Handbook Preface
HANDBOEK VOOR INSTALLATEURS Handboek voor de installatie van VELUX dakvensters Installers' handbook Preface The purpose of this handbook is to provide an overview of the installation of VELUX products. The handbook describes the various aspects of roof construction in association with VELUX roof windows and also provides advice and information on how to obtain the optimal installation. (Third edition, 2010) The VELUX system Chapter 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Other products Chapter 9 Contents Planning Considerations before choosing roof window 5-13 1 Installation of a roof window Installation step by step 15-25 2 Integration – more windows Combination of more than one window 27-45 3 Special installation conditions Installation in various roof constructions 47-63 4 Special roofing materials Installation in various roof materials 65-81 5 Replacement / renovation Replacement of a roof window 83-93 6 Building physics Roof constructions (humidity, heat, sound etc) 95-109 7 Product information Short presentation of VELUX products 111-137 8 Other products Sun tunnel / Flat roof window / Solar hot water system 139-145 9 Contact VELUX Addresses / Advising / Service 146-147 List of telephone numbers 148 Size chart 151 Planning 1 The construction of the house 6-7 User requirements 8 Building regulations 9-13 VELUX 5 Planning 1 The construction of the house To be able to choose the right VELUX roof window for a given situ- ation, it is always recommended to start from the construction of the house, user requirements and current building regulations. Normally, a standard VELUX roof window can satisfy the basic requirements, but often choosing another window type or vari- ant and/or choosing accessories can optimise the function and increase the utility value of the window. -
Glossary of Architectural Terms Apex
Glossary of Architectural Terms Apex: The highest point or peak in the gable Column: A vertical, cylindrical or square front. supporting member, usually with a classical Arcade: A range of spaces supported on piers capital. or columns, generally standing away from a wall Coping: The capping member of a wall or and often supporting a roof or upper story. parapet. Arch: A curved construction that spans an Construction: The act of adding to a structure opening and supports the weight above it. or the erection of a new principal or accessory Awning: Any roof like structure made of cloth, structure to a property or site. metal, or other material attached to a building Cornice: The horizontal projecting part crowning and erected over a window, doorway, etc., in the wall of a building. such a manner as to permit its being raised or Course: A horizontal layer or row of stones retracted to a position against the building, when or bricks in a wall. This can be projected or not in use. recessed. The orientation of bricks can vary. Bay: A compartment projecting from an exterior Cupola: A small structure on top of a roof or wall containing a window or set of windows. building. Bay Window: A window projecting from the Decorative Windows: Historic windows that body of a building. A “squared bay” has sides at possess special architectural value, or contribute right angles to the building; a “slanted bay” has to the building’s historic, cultural, or aesthetic slanted sides, also called an “octagonal” bay. If character. Decorative windows are those with segmental or semicircular in plan, it is a “bow” leaded glass, art glass, stained glass, beveled window. -
Residential Skylights
Residential skylights New installation Remodel or new construction Rooms filled with natural light and fresh air are invariably more beautiful, spacious, and uplifting to your spirits. Daylight is the essential element that transforms conventional rooms into splendid spaces. VELUX Skylights let you bring the best of the outdoors inside. Skylight replacement Three great reasons to replace skylights when you replace a roof 1. Save money - The most convenient and affordable time to replace a skylight is during re-roofing. 2. Coinciding warranty - You’re getting a new roof with a warranty, why not replace your skylight and enjoy one there as well. 3. Improved energy efficiency - Advanced LowE3 coating provides Replace Replace more daylight and better heat control. 2 VELUX 3 Choosing the right glass Recommended for out-of-reach applications Clean, Quiet & Safe glass Clean Features Neat® glass coating to keep your skylight cleaner longer, leaving skylights virtually spotless. Quiet Reduce unwanted outside noise by up to 25% compared to a standard double pane glass and up to 50% compared to a plastic skylight. Safe VELUX recommends and building Energy efficiency codes require laminated glass for 8’ out-of-reach applications. Most VELUX products are ENERGY STAR® qualified in all 50 states. Go Solar and improve energy efficiency even further! (See page 11) 10-year hail breakage warranty Clean, Quiet & Safe also available in impact, white laminated and snowload types of glass. Recommended for in-reach applications Tempered glass Consists of dual-pane, triple-coated glass with LowE3, is dual-sealed and injected with argon gas. 4 VELUX 5 Fresh air Fresh air skylights help your home breathe by bringing in fresh outside air to maintain good indoor air quality. -
Flat Roof Skylights and Hatches
FLAT ROOF SKYLIGHTS AND HATCHES DXW - walkable skylight 24x24 24x30 36x36 36x48 48x48 CURB MOUNTED FIXED SKYLIGHT FXC Infinity glass - virtually seam-free flat surface 360-degree orientation on sloped or flat roof A modern, trouble-free design helps with water run-off. White finished, PVC frame interior Internal and external accessories available before or after skylight’s installation. Suitable for roof with a pitch between 0-60 degrees DXW FXC WALKABLE SYLIGHT FXC 14x30 14x46 22x22 22x30 22x34 22x46 22x70 30x30 30x46 34x34 34x46 46x46 FLAT ROOF WINDOWS TYPE F An abundance of natural light. The window‘s profile have a secure glazing area that is up to 16% greater than those of competitors. The frame of the flat roof window is constructed from multi-chamber PVC profiles filled with insulating material. The external glass is laminated reflecting the sun rays while the internal pane is anti- burglary Class P2A. In addition to standard sizes, the type F window is available in custom sizes (from 24“x24“ to 48“x87“) to suit may retrofits. High energy-efficient DU6 triple-pane glazing (U-value=0.12 BTU/hf2F) and DU8 quadruple-pane glazing (U-value=0.11 BTU/hf2F) to choose from. INVITE Windows can be fitted with internal and external blinds to ensure shade and protect THE LIGHT DEF electric interiors from overheating. DMF manual DEF, DMF, DXF 22x22 22x30 22x46 30x30 46x46 DXF fixed FLAT ROOF ACCESS SKYLIGHT DRF Energy-efficient design using DU6 triple-pane glazing and insulated, multi-chamber PVC frame to achieve low U-value=0.13 BTU/hf2F. -
4.9 Roof Design Guidelines
4.9 Roof Design Guidelines 4.9.1 INTRODUCTION shingles and shakes as well as the detailing of the shingle roof differed according to regional practices. Commonly in urban areas, wooden roofs were replaced with more fire resistant materials, but in rural areas this was not a major concern. On many Victorian A weather-tight roof is basic in the country houses, the practice of wood preservation of a structure, regardless of its shingling survived the technological age, size, or design. In the system that allows a advances of metal roofing in the 19th building to work as a shelter, the roof sheds century, and near the turn of the century the rain, shades from the harsh sun, and enjoyed a full revival in its namesake, the buffers the weather. Shingle Style. The Bungalow styles in the 20th century assured wood shingles a During some periods in the history of place as one of the most fashionable, architecture, the roof imparts much of the domestic roofing materials. architectural character. It defines the style and contributes to the building's aesthetics. The hipped roofs of Georgian architecture, the turrets of Queen Anne and the graceful slopes of the Bungalow designs are examples of the use of roofing as a major design feature. But no matter how decorative the patterning or how compelling the form, the roof is a highly vulnerable element of a shelter that will inevitably fail. A poor or unmaintained roof will permit the accelerated deterioration of WOOD SHINGLES historic interior building materials - masonry, wood, plaster, paint - and will cause general Metal roofing in America is principally a disintegration of the basic structure. -
PVC Roof Windows
PVC roof windows Energy-efficient Windows Dobroplast Fabryka Okien Sp. z o.o. is a leading manufacturer of windows and doors in Poland and leading brand of the Arbonia Group, listed on the Swiss stock exchange based in Zurich and employs over 8000 people in Europe. Dobroplast is one of the largest manufacturers of windows in Europe. We offer a full range of PVC windows, entrance doors and roller blinds. The headquarters is located in Zambrów, where the company was founded in 2000. The second manufacturing site producing roof windows is located in Lublin. 2 Table of contents Advantages of Skylight windows 4 Unlimited choice Roof windows High thermal insulation 6 Termo Premium The only one in its category 8 Termo Versatile use 10 Skylight Premium Easy to clean 12 Skylight Safe and user-friendly Roof access windows Attractive and modern design 14 Skylight Termo Loft Premium and Loft Premium Easy to use 16 Skylight Termo Loft and Skylight Loft Flashings 18 Colours 19 Handles 20 Electric motors 21 Telescopic handle 21 Window ventilators 22 Interior blinds and pleated blinds 22 Overview of roof windows 23 Price list of roof windows, roof access windows and accessories 24 About us 38 Energy-efficient Windows 3 Advantages of Skylight windows Design of Dobroplast products combines practicality and effective appearance. Skylight roof windows have been created for users valuing comfort and convenience of use. Our offer includes a wide range of colours, shapes and accessories, which can be used to compose your project as you wish. Pleasant atmosphere in the flat - ensures optimal access of daylight to the rooms. -
ROOF TILES Build Something Great™ ROOF TILES TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE
BORAL ROOF TILES Build something great™ ROOF TILES TECHNICAL INFORMATION GUIDE December 2017 Roof Tile Manual Contents Introduction 3 Concrete Roof Tiles 31 Foreword 4 Capri SA 32 Important 4 Contour NSW, VIC 33 Quality Control 4 Linea NSW, QLD 34 Specifications 4 Linea SA 35 Local Authorities 4 Linea VIC 36 Performance 4 Macquarie NSW, VIC, QLD 37 Safety 4 Slimline NSW, VIC, QLD 38 Designer Ceramic + Terracotta 5 Striata SA 39 Concrete 5 Striata VIC 40 Roofing Terminology 6 Vogue NSW, QLD 41 Vogue SA 42 Design Considerations 11 Vogue VIC 43 Code Considerations 12 Standards 12 Accessories 45 Bushfire Attack Levels (BAL) 12 Terracotta Accessories 46 Wind Forces 12 Designer Ceramic Accessories 48 Terrain Categories 13 Concrete Accessories 49 Basic Wind Regions 14 General Accessories 50 Fixing Tile Roofs in Cyclonic Regions 15 Installation Details 51 Minimum Roof Pitch 15 Preparation for Installation 52 Maximum Rafter Lengths 15 Tile Set Out 52 Maximum Rafter Lengths - No Sarking 15 Counter Battens 55 Sarking 16 Valleys 56 Insulation 16 Fascia Height 56 Ventilation 16 Barge Height 57 Performance Characteristics 17 Anti-Ponding Boards 57 Thermal Performance 18 Laying the Roof 57 Acoustic Performance 18 Roof Tile Fixing Systems 58 Water Collection 18 Sarking 59 Testing: AS 2049 - Roof Tiles 20 Ridge Systems 60 Testing: AS 2050 - Installation of Roof Tiles 20 Ridge Installation 60 Fire Resistance 21 Hip Details 63 Valley Boards 63 Terracotta Roof Tiles 23 Sarking at Valleys 63 French 24 Valley General 64 Swiss 25 Barge/Gable Systems 64 Designer Ceramic Roof Tiles 27 Roof and Flashings Details 66 Artline 28 Bedding and Pointing 68 Shingle 29 Roof Completion 68 Wave 30 Architectural Details 69 Frequently Asked Questions 85 Contacts and Further Information 88 2 December 2017 | BORAL ROOF TILES Introduction Roof Tile Manual Introduction Foreword Local Authorities This manual has been prepared to assist the builder, architect Fixing standards and product specifications contained in this leaflet and installer, to specify, detail, prepare and install Boral roof tiles. -
Room in Roof ('Rir') Trussed Rafters
PRODUCT DATA SHEET Sheet No.1 May 2007 ROOM IN ROOF (‘RIR’) TRUSSED RAFTERS The ‘Room-in-Roof’ (‘RiR’) or attic trussed Fig. 1 Typical 8 metre span conventional trussed rafter rafter is a simple means of providing the structural roof and floor in the same component. This offers considerable 35 x 97 rafter advantages over other forms of living roof construction: • There need be no restrictions on lower floor layouts since 40° the trusses can clear span on to external walls although greater spans and room widths can be achieved by Weight of truss approx 55kg 35 x 97 ceiling tie utilising internal loadbearing walls. • ‘RiR’ trussed rafters are computer designed and factory assembled units, resulting in better quality control. Fig. 2 Typical 8 metre span ‘Room in Roof’ trussed rafter • Complex, labour intensive site joints are not required. • ‘RiR’ trussed rafters can be erected quickly, offering cost savings and providing a weathertight shell earlier. 47 x 197 rafter • Freedom to plan the room layout within the roof space. • A complete structure is provided, ready to receive roof finishes, plaster board and floorboarding. 40° Weight of truss approx 125kg 47 x 197 ceiling joist Comparing an 8 metre span standard trussed rafter (see opposite) with an equivalent 8 metre span ‘RiR’ truss, the external members will increase in width and depth. There are two reasons for this: The ‘RiR’ truss supports approximately 60% more load than a standard truss of the same span and pitch. This difference in load is made up of plasterboard ceilings and wall construction, full superimposed floor loading and floor boarding. -
Trussed Rafter Technical Guide
TRUSSED RAFTERS have proved to be an efficient, safe and economical method for supporting roofs since their introduction into the UK in 1964. They are manufactured by specialised timber engineering companies, who supply to all sections of the construction industry. Developments have been extensive, and today complex roofscapes are easily formed with computer designed trussed rafters. With the continuing trend toward individualism in domestic house styling, let alone the reflection of this in new inner city estates, the facility to introduce variations to the standard designs is vital. The provision of many character differences by designing and then constructing L returns, doglegs and hips for example, satisfies the inherent need for individuality at affordable prices. Economical roofing solutions for many commercial, industrial and agricultural buildings; hospitals, army barracks and supermarket complexes, are achieved by the expeditious installation of trussed rafters. Experienced roof designers and trussed rafter manu- facturers are therefore in an ideal position to assist the architect or specifier in achieving affordable solutions throughout the building industry. Simply provide a brief sketch or description of that being considered, including alternatives, and we will do the rest. The whole roof is designed and specified using state-of-the-art computer aided technology supplied by Wolf Systems. We can also arrange for one of our specialists to visit and advise you. This technical manual highlights some of the basic structural arrangements and assembly information you may require. In addition, we can offer technical expertise and experience in a comprehensive advisory service to clients, from initial sketch to completed trussed rafters. 1 Technical Data Design Trusses are designed in accordance with the current Code of Practice, which is BS 5268: Part 3, and the relevant Building Regulations.