Cliffstestprep ASVAB
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ASVAB by Fred N. Grayson, M.A. 1st Lt., USAF (Ret’d) Test-prep essentials from the experts at CliffsNotes The fast track to your best score Proven test-taking strategies Focused reviews and exercises 3 full-length practice exams 24-hour-a-day downloads at cliffsnotes.com™ Bookmark us at www.cliffsnotes.com Things change. To stay up to date, visit the CliffsNotes Web site and take advantage of: I E-mail “tip-of-the-day” newsletters for many subject categories I Additional references with links I Interactive tools for selected topics Plus: I The entire CliffsNotes catalog, including titles you can sample or download CliffsTestPrep™ ASVAB by Fred N. Grayson, M.A., 1st Lt., USAF (Ret’d) Contributing Authors M. Mazen Al-khatib, Ph.D. Christopher Bender Ph.D. Elaine Bender, M.A. Gordon Chenery, M.A. Ransford Clarke, M.S. Lisa Gay, M.A. Gordon Gonyea, M.A. Tracy Halward Ph.D. Michael Hamid Ph.D. Christi Heuer, M.S. Seema Kurup, M.A. David Levy, M.A. Gabriel Lombardi, Ph.D. Rob Mohr Ph.D. Sulev Oun Jo Palmore, M.S. Jerry Truglia Mark Weinfeld, M.S. About the Author Publisher’s Acknowledgments As an independent book developer and publisher, Editorial Fred N. Grayson has published hundreds of books in Project Editor: Ben Nussbaum conjunction with many major publishers. In addition, Senior Acquisitions Editor: Greg Tubach he has also written and/or coauthored dozens of books Copy Editors: Donna Frederick, Elizabeth Kim in the test preparation field. Special Help: Blair Pottenger Technical Editor: David Miller (Electronics) Production Proofreaders: Laura Albert, John Greenough, Susan Moritz, Christine Pingleton, Charles Spencer Wiley Publishing, Inc. Indianapolis Composition Services CliffsTestPrepTM ASVAB Note: If you purchased this book without a cover, you should be aware that this book is stolen property. Published by: It was reported as “unsold and destroyed” to the Wiley Publishing, Inc. publisher, and neither the author nor the publisher 909 Third Avenue has received any payment for this “stripped book.” New York, NY 10022 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2003 Wiley Publishing, Inc. New York, New York Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., New York, NY Published simultaneously in Canada An American BookWorks Corporation Project “Portions of materials contained herein have been reprinted with permission of General Motors Corporation, Service and Parts Operations” under License Agreement #10724 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data available from publisher ISBN: 0-7645-6708-X Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1B/SR/RQ/QT/IN LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND AUTHOR HAVE USED THEIR BEST EFFORTS IN PREPARING THIS BOOK. 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Table of Contents Study Guide Checklist. ix PART I: INTRODUCTION Introduction to the ASVAB . 3 Format of the ASVAB . 3 Contents of the ASVAB . 4 Taking The Test . 5 Guess the Correct Answer . 5 Understand Multiple-Choice Questions . 5 Examples of Questions . 6 Scoring . 9 Questions Commonly Asked About the ASVAB . 10 A Final Word About Careers . 12 PART II: DIAGNOSTIC TEST Diagnostic Test . 17 General Science . 17 Arithmetic Reasoning . 19 Word Knowledge . 21 Paragraph Comprehension . 23 Auto and Shop Information . 25 Mathematics Knowledge . 27 Mechanical Comprehension . 29 Electronics Information . 31 Assembling Objects . 33 Answer Key for Diagnostic Test . 35 Diagnostic Test Answers and Explanations . 37 General Science (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 37 Arithmetic Reasoning (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 37 Word Knowledge (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 38 Paragraph Comprehension (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 39 Auto and Shop Information (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 39 Mathematics Knowledge (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 40 Mechanical Comprehension (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 41 Electronics Information (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 42 Assembling Objects (Diagnostic Test Answers) . 42 PART III: SUBJECT AREA REVIEW General Science . 45 Life Sciences . 45 The Cellular Basis of Life . 45 Genetics . 47 Principles of Evolution . 48 Classification of Life (Taxonomy) . 51 Anatomy and Physiology . 59 Ecology . 65 CliffsTestPrep ASVAB Chemistry . 67 Matter and Atomic Structure . 67 The Periodic Table . 68 Atoms, Molecules, and Compounds . 70 Chemical Equations and Reactions . 70 Acids, Bases, and Solutions . 71 Important Elements of the Periodic Table . 72 Measurements . 75 Energy . 77 Radioactivity . 77 Metals . 78 Organic Chemistry . 78 Physics . 79 Motion . 79 Translational Motion . 79 Speed and Velocity . 79 Graphical Analysis of Motion . 80 Motion in One Dimension . 80 Equations of Kinematics . 80 Motion in Vertical Plane . 81 Newton’s Laws Of Motion . 81 Weight and Mass . 81 Frictional Force . 82 Energy and Work . 82 Gravitational Potential Energy . 82 Fluids . 83 Sound Waves . 84 Electricity . ..