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(Boeplau) Tana Sub Basin Integrat Tana Sub-basin Integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental Study Project Amhara National Regional State Bureau of Environmental Protection, Land Administration and Use (BoEPLAU) Tana sub basin integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental impact Study Project Technical Report: Land Use Land Cover and Change Detection (ADSWE, LUPESP/TSB: RS 03/2015) February, 2015 Bahir Dar Client: ANRS, Bureau of Environmental Protection, Land Administration and Use (BoEPLAU) Address: P.O.Box: 145 Telephone: +251-582-265458 Fax: (058) 2265479 E-mail:Amhara [email protected] Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Consultant: Amhara Design & Supervision Works Enterprise (ADSWE) Address: P.O.Box: 1921 Telephone: +251-582-181023/ 180638/181201/181254 Fax: (058) 2180550/0560 E-mail:amhara [email protected] Bahir Dar, Ethiopia BoEPLAU Land Use Land Cover Assessment Draft Final Report ADSWE Page i Tana Sub-basin Integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental Study Project LIST OF REPORTS SECTION I: MAIN REPORT SECTION II: RESOURCE ASSESSMENT REPORTS RS 01: Soil Resource Assessment RS 02: Climatic Resource Assessment RS 03: Land Use Land Cover and Change Detection RS 04: Livestock Production and Range Land Resource Assessment RS 05: Animal Health Assessment RS 06: Hydrology And Water Resource Assessment RS 07: Forest And Wildlife Assessment RS 08: Strategic Environmental Assessment RS 09: Soil and water conservation Assessment RS 10: Agronomy Report RS 11: Socio Economic Survey SECTION III PLANNING REPORTS PL 01: Approaches, Procedures and Methodology PL 02: Land Utilization Types Description PL 03: Land Use Requirements (LUR) PL 04: Planning Units description PL 05: Land Suitability Evaluation PL 06: Land Use Plan PL 07: Land Management Guideline PL 08: Implementation Guideline SECTION IV ANNEXES Map Albums and Data Base Notes: 1. RS-Resource assessment reports 2. PL-Planning reports BoEPLAU Land Use Land Cover Assessment Draft Final Report ADSWE Page ii Tana Sub-basin Integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental Study Project EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Knowledge of the spatial distribution of land cover types is essential for many purposes. Land cover maps are frequently used as a tool for land use planning and natural resource management, and they can assist in targeting and prioritizing risk mitigation activities (Cleve et al., 2008). The aim of this study is to develop and apply a method to automatically map land cover classes in areas with different environmental and land cover characteristics from VHR image data. Eight subsets of image data with four multi-spectral bands and 2.5 m pixels were used to develop a method for mapping land cover classes using the ERDAS Imagine Change Detection Suite. The detail methodology employed in the Land Cover and Land Use study in Tana sub-basin includes: Reviewing previous nationwide, regional and lake Tana area studies, Recent Satellite imagery collection and preprocessing, Necessary field data and signature collection, Post-field Land cover and Land use interpretation, analysis and classification based on field and imagery signatures of objects using ERDAS imaging software, Verification and validation through review and field data Final Land Cover and Land Use map preparation, Data analysis and report writing, Following the above stages of work, the study identified 8 major Land Cover and Land Use classes and 18 sub-units of which many sub-units were inseparable from units which were closely similar and dominant within their major class. Their analysis has done with one hectare minimum delineable area. Tana sub-basin has diverse land use and land cover types dominated by cultivated land. From the total area of this study, about 55.71% is covered by cultivated lands followed by water body (19.69%) and built-up areas (7.22%). The afro-alpine and sub-afro-alpine vegetation (0.85%) is constitute the smallest cover in the sub-basin, restricted to Guna mountain and its surroundings. To assess the land use land cover change occurred in Tana sub-basin, a total of 28 years (1986- 2014), divided in to two periods, were analyzed. The period considers the impacts of long years BoEPLAU Land Use Land Cover Assessment Draft Final Report ADSWE Page iii Tana Sub-basin Integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental Study Project of Imperial regime and coincides with Derg and EPRDF regimes. Over these years much has changed in the sub-basin but, much also has remains the same. Three years were selected as a time of change assessment years: 1986, 2000 and 2014. Landsat image for each year is collected and classified based on field ground control points. The initial analysis has made using the classification result. However, for detail interpretation, a transitional matrix analysis has applied. In spite of the complex influx and the heavy agrarian population pressure in Tana sub-basin, the amount of land use land cover change in the last 28 years wasn't more than 30 percent. The amount of land cover remain unchanged in the first period (1986-2000) was 77.70 percent and it was 75.10 percent in the next period (2000-2014). However, the overall (1986-2014) changes recorded increased a little bit more than 30 percent, which pushed the unchanged down to 68.59 percent. In general, water body keeps by far the highest percentage of survived cover, having unchanged coverage of 99.36 percent in the first period, 99.77 percent in the second and 99.78 percent in the whole assessment years. Built-up areas are highly transformed and converted to other land cover types, particularly to cultivated land. As usual, cultivated land showed a progressive increase of its percentage of share from 37.42 to 41.48 in the first period and then, to 50.12 percent of the sub-basin in the second period of assessment. BoEPLAU Land Use Land Cover Assessment Draft Final Report ADSWE Page iv Tana Sub-basin Integrated Land Use Planning and Environmental Study Project TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF REPORTS .............................................................................................................................................. II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... III TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................................... V LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................... VII LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................ VIII ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................. IX PART I: LAND USE AND LAND COVER............................................................................................................. X 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 General Objective ..................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Specific objectives ..................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY .................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 LIMITATIONS ................................................................................................................................................. 3 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 4 3 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................... 15 3.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA............................................................................................................... 15 3.2 DATA COLLECTION, PRE-PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS ................................................................................. 18 3.2.1 Data collection ....................................................................................................................................... 18 3.2.2 Pre-processing ........................................................................................................................................ 18 3.2.3 LULC classification ................................................................................................................................ 20 3.2.4 Conversion to Polygons and Elimination ............................................................................................... 21 3.2.5 Data analysis .......................................................................................................................................... 22 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................................
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