Definitions Chapter 4 4-2 1 68°F. process isanormal Radiation ofheat moving away from thebodywhen airtemperatures are lower than being inanenvironment cooler thanthebodytemperature). This issimilarto heat leaving awoodstove. –transfer1. Radiation ofheat through electromagnetic waves (i.e., thebodyreleases heat simplyby The humanbodylosesheat infour different ways: Ways losesheat thehumanbody from:Modified http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/homologation-licensing/gloss/index-eng.php Subpopulations whoare at increased ofheat-related risk factors. illnessesbecausetheyhaverisk certain Vulnerable population from:Modified http://dictionary.webmd.com/terms/risk-factor for factor age isarisk heat-related illnesses. to, (i.e., anincreased (i.e., illness, ofmorbidity risk death). disease, For orcondition) ormortality example, that isstatistically isacharacteristic associated factor A risk with,althoughnotnecessarily causallyrelated factor Risk from:Modified http://www.getreadyforflu.org/pg_glossary.htm strategies. contains information onstrategies for preventing heat-related the illnessesandidentifies whowillperform A plan/annex for states, communities, governments, etc. to useintheevent ofanextremeheat event and heatExtreme response plan/excessive heat annex location. temperaturesextreme definitionofan heat that affecthumanhealth. An exact event varies bygeographic An extremeheat event highairtemperatures oftimewithabnormally isaperiod and/orhighdewpoint heatExtreme event factors,have risk e.g., conditions certain ordiseases. young children, peoplewithpre-existing People whoare “at risk” are peoplewhoare at anincreased for risk heat-related illnessesbecausethey At risk B p1882-3. toolkit. toolkit. The definitionsbelow theusage ofthese clarify words withinthe toolkit. Toolkit. to note that someofthebelow isimportant definitionsmay differ It outsidethe contextofthis Platt Mand Vicario inRosen’s S.(2010).Heat Illness Concepts Medicine: Emergency and ClinicalPractice, 7th Ed. elow are definitionsof words, HeatMinnesota Extreme phrases and usedwithinthe terminology 2

1 Extreme Heat Toolkit Extreme Chapter 4 4-3 http:// 2 2 . Accessed April 16, 2012. . Accessed 2 Healthwise. (2011). WebMD: First Aid & Emergencies: Ways in Which the Body Loses Heat. Available online: Available Heat. the Body Loses Which in Ways & Emergencies: Aid First WebMD: (2011). Healthwise. firstaid.webmd.com/ways-in-which-the-body-loses-heat Minnesota Department of Health 2 As air temperature and humidity increases, the ability to cool the body through radiation is dramatically is dramatically radiation the body through the ability cool to and humidity increases, air temperature As of heat the process the skin, back to reversing is actually heat Under direct sunlight, transferred reduced. mechanism the dominant becomes evaporation rises, air temperature As body. and warming the transfer the and cool heat the ability transfer to as humidity increases, however sweating; through transfer of heat is little movement when there is minimal Convection reduced. is dramatically evaporation body through does not Convection the skin importantin the air around more but can become as wind speed increases. conduction when is lost through body heat high. Only 2% of our are the body when air temperatures cool be 25 times greater. can conduction in water loss through heat air; by however, surrounded – transfer of heat to air or water surrounding our bodies. Heat is lost when temperatures are are when temperatures is lost Heat our bodies. surrounding air or water to of heat – transfer 4. Conduction in water. is submerged or when the body ground sleeping on the cold lost from is heat This than 68°F. lower the body very can be lost from so heat quickly in cold it is placed when than air, loss heat causes more Water water. – direct transfer of heat to water vapor molecules surrounding the skin. surrounding molecules vapor is carried Heat and water to of heat – direct transfer 3. Convection of a fan. in front to sitting This is similar motion. fluid the body due to dispersed from – conversion of liquid into a gas, which transfers heat energy to the gas and away from the from and away the gas to energy heat transfers which a gas, liquid into of – conversion 2. Evaporation the skin from body). During the cools intense the sweat of the evaporation and skin sweats the body (i.e., sweating. through 85% of its heat the body loses exercise,

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