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Proceedings of the Second Annual Textile Conference

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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF STANDARDS S. W. STRATTON, Director MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS—No. 19 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND ANNUAL TEXTILE CONFERENCE HELD AT THE BUREAU OF STANDARDS, WASHINGTON MAY 21-22, 1917 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1918 DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF STANDARDS S. W. STRATTON, Director MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS—No. 19 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND ANNUAL TEXTILE CONFERENCE HELD AT THE BUREAU OF STANDARDS, WASHINGTON MAY 21-22, 1917 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1918 CONTENTS Pag9 List of persons who attended the conference 5 FIRST SESSION Opening address, by S. W. Stratton 7 The results of a new method of combining fibers, by William D. Hartshome. 8 Humidity in cotton mills, by F. Gordon Cobb 11 The difference between commercial grading of cotton and grading for spinning purposes, by F. Gordon Cobb 13 A key to the nomenclature of textiles, by Louis Harmuth 15 Cotton wastes, by William N. Randle 18 The conservation of garments in laundering, by H. G. EUedge 22 Present and future textile laboratories in western land-grant colleges, by Ruth O 'Brien 30 Modem methods of testing blankets for heat transmission, by George B. Haven . 33 Comparative service tests of cotton and wool bunting, by Walter S. Lewis and Charles J. Cleary 41 SECOND SESSION Opening address, by William C. Redfiield 46 Classification of raw silks and standardization of tests, by J. A. Scheibli 48 Classification of raw silks and standardization of tests, by Warren P. Seem. ... 55 A plan for the valuation of dyes, by Frederick Dannerth 63 Plea for a standard nomenclature for organic dyes, by Frederick Dannerth. ... 66 The testing and examination of Army cloth, by K. B. Lamb 69 Sewing machines and machine-made stitches, by S. George Tate 75 A method for testing fabrics at a standard moisture condition, by Charles D. Honiker 79 A society for the promotion of research work in textile technology, by S. W. Stratton 83 3 LIST OF PERSONS WHO ATTENDED THE CONFERENCE Arnold, L. L. Editor of Cotton, Atlanta, Ga. ArundalE, H. B. United States Conditioning & Testing Co., East Orange, N. J. Barnwell, E. H. Fabric manager, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. Barr, W. Manager of mill department, F. U. Steams Co., New York, N. Y. Bemis, a. F. President Bemis Bros. Bag Co., Boston, Mass. BiviNS, P. A. Office engineer, Standard Oil Cloth Co., New York, N. Y. Boys, R. M. General superintendent, Goodyear Cotton Mills, Killingly, Conn. Brewster, E. W. Assistant superintendent, Plymouth Cordage Co., North Ply- mouth, Mass. Brodix, C. R. Union Special Machine Co., New Willard, Washington, D. C. Buckingham, F. Engineer, Riehle Bros. Testing Machine Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Butterworth, G. Carl, L. Manager, Botany Worsted Mills, Passaic, N. J. Cathcart, W. R. Technical director, mill and paper division, Com Products Refin- ing Co., New York, N. Y. Chamberlin, W. E. Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Washington, D. C. Chittick, J. Consulting textile specialist, New York, N. Y. Clarke, A. H. Secretary to president, Bemis Bros. Bag Co., Boston, Mass. Clayton, H. D. Fellow in industrial research, Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa. Cobb, F. G. Superintendent F. W. Poe Co., Greenville, S. C. Cobb, N. A. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Coffin, L. Samson Cordage Works, Boston, Mass. Cook, C. S. C. Spencer Turner Co., New York, N. Y. Cook, O. F. Bureau of Plant Industry, Washington, D. C. Cooper, J. W. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. Dannerth, F. Consulting chemist, Newark, N. J. Davis, E. H. Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. DOGGiTT, C. S. Professor of textile chemistrj^ and dyeing, Clemson College, South Carolina. Doying, W. a. E. Inspecting engineer, Panama Canal, Washington, D. C. Earel, D. E. Department of Agruculture, Washington, D. C. EllEdgE, H. G. Industrial fellow. Laundry-Owners' National Association Indus- trial Fellowship, Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa. Fay, J. W. FiNCKEL, C. B. Textile expert. New York, N. Y. Fish, G. Mill manager, Jenckes Spinning Co., Pawtucket, R. I. Gassman, H. a. Examiner analyst. United States appraiser's office. New York, N. Y. Gaylor, F. GiBBS, H. D. Chemist in charge, color investigation laboratory. Bureau of Chemistry, Washington, D. C. Gregory, A. E. Superintendent, Massachusetts Cotton Mills, Lowell, Mass. Harden, H. C. Superintendent of cotton mill, Somersworth, N. H. Harmuth, L. Fashion editor. Women's Wear, New York, N. Y. Harpell, J. J. Industrial and Educational Press (Ltd.), Montreal, Canada. Harris, G. S. West Point, Ga. HartshornE, W. D. Consulting engineer, Methuen, Mass. Hassett, p. J. Chemist, Remington Typewriter Co., Bridgeport, Conn. Haven, G. B. Professor of machine design, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Mass. Hayes, F. A. Chief chemist, Boston, Mass. Holman, H. P. Assistant Chemist, Department of Agricultiure, Washington, D. C. 5 6 U. S. BUREAU OF STANDARDS HoNiKER, C. D. Head of test and cost departments, Fulton Bag & Cotton Mills, Atlanta, Ga. Hook, R. W. Chemist in charge, Boston, Mass. HuTTON, C. Technical editor, Textile World Journal, Boston, Mass. Jaouith, H. J. Minot, Hooper & Co., New York, N. Y. JBLLEME, W. O. Technical superintendent, Brighton Mills, Passaic, N. J. JENKS, F. A. Special representative, Plymouth Cordage Co., North Pl3rmouth, Mass. Director, Jury, A. E. textile section. United States Rubber Co., Newark, N. J. Lamb, K. B. Textile expert, John Wanamaker, New York, N. Y. Lang, H. L. Scientific assistant. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Lanier, G. H. West Point Manufacturing Co., West Point, Ga. LevinE, B. S. Lewis, L. C Raw silk inspector, Wilkes-Barre Silk Co., Paterson, N. J. Lewis, W. S. Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. MiLLNER, J. A. Chief chemisl, Chicago, 111. MoLLER, K. William Whitman & Sons Co., Boston, Mass. Nelson, D. M. Textile chemist. Sears, Roebuck & Co., Chicago, 111. Nolan, E. J. Examiner, United States Appraiser's Stores, New York, N. Y. O'Brien, Miss R. Instructor in textile chemistry, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa. OlnEY, L. a. Professor of chemistry and dyeing, Lowell Textile School, Lowell, Mass. Pfeifper, a. E. Production engineer, Boston, Mass. Pierce, E. W. Chief chemist, United States Conditioning & Testing Co., New York, N. Y. PlunkETT, C. T. President, Berkshire Cotton Manufacturing Co., Adams, Mass. Pratt, E. S. Assistant superintendent, Samson Cordage Works, Shirley, Mass. Radcliffe, F. p. Philadelphia, Pa. Randle, W. M. Director, textile department, Georgia School of Technology, Atlanta, Ga. Randle, Mrs. W. M. (Wife of above), Atlanta, Ga. RedFiELd, W. C. Secretary of Commerce, Washington, D. C. Reed, E. O. Head of planning department, Boott Mills, Lowell, Mass Richardson, H. B. ScHETBLi, J. A. Raw silk inspector, R. & H. Simon Co., Easton, Pa. Scott, H. L. Henry L. Scott & Co., Providence, R. I. Seal, C. B. Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Washington, D. C. Seem, W. p. General superintendent of throwing, Schwarzenbach Huber Co., Altoona, Pa. Shinn, J. H., jr. Superintendent, United States Conditioning & Testing Co., Phila- delphia, Pa. Skirm, G. W. Assistant general manager, U. and G. Rubber Manufacturing Co., Trenton, N. J. Spaethe, C. Research office, Botanj^ Worsted Mills, Passaic, N. J. vStanton, G. M. Manager testing machine department. New York, N. Y. Stoehr, M. W. Secretary and director. Botany Worsted Mills, Passaic, N. J. Stratton, S. W. Director, Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. SuTER, A. Textile engineer. New York, N. Y. Tate, S. G. Union Special Machine Co., Chicago, 111. Taylor, F. Office of Markets, Washington, D. C. Testing Machine Co., Philadelphia- Tretch, W. J. Superintendent, Riehle Bros. Pa. WalEn, E. D. Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. Warner, A. E. Chief chemist. Miller Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. Waterman, C. H. T. Purchasing agent. Miller Rabber Co., Akron, Ohio. Welch, W. B. Purchasing engineer, Tidewater Portland Cement Co., Baltimore. Md. WiLUNQMVRB. Q. T- PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND ANNUAL TEXTILE CONFERENCE Held at the Bureau of Standards, Washington, iMay 21-22, 1917 FIRST SESSION OPENING ADDRESS S. W. Stratton 1 We have invited you here for several purposes. Most importanc of all is the need of your assistance in the development of the scientific work of the textile section of the Bureau of .Standards. The textile industry is one of the oldest and best estab- lished in the countr}-, but it is not any further ahead in the applications of science than any of the other industries. We in this country- are coming to realize the great importance of the applications of science in all kinds of industry'. The user of a material is interested in its adapt- ability and serviceability when applied to his special requireme.its. The manufac- turer has, in addition, to concern himself with problems arising in producing his material. Th; laboraLorv determines what are the essential features of the material that make it good or bad. Whea these features become ev-ideat the manufacturer can be improved, and the product may be used more efficiently and more economically. The Bureau of Standards is an institution equipped for scientific work of this kind. At the prese it time the.-e is great need of developing textile materials for specific purposes. An example of this wis called to our attention only a few days ago. As you know, this country has been using silk for powder bags. The sudden increase in the use of these containers threatens to cause a shortage, and it becomes necessary to find a substitute for the silk. The possibility of the use of ramie and other fibers to supersede linen in the construction of aeroplane fabrics and cords is also being given our coasi deration. There are many other problems of this kind coming up, and you can be of the greatest assistance i i solving all of them, ilany manufacturers have already offered their facilities to assist in the making of experiments lO solve some of these problems.
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    The Laundry Manual; Or, Washing Made Easy

    o V * .^"^^^^^^ .^"^'^^.w^w/ i>'^ % \^ms %^ ^5-^ .b^, °- .^^ "^* *>^.i> jv ^ -^ ^o^H^wyrt ^v < ^ -C^ ' • • • 4VJ V. y THE LAUNDRY MANUAL; \\ as^ht0 mab^ (^asg. A COMPLETE AND PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE BEST METHODS OF WASHING, BLEACHING, STARCHING, IRONING, AND POLISHING. TOGETHEE WITH RECEIPTS FOR MAKING SOAP, TAKING OUT STAINS,, ETC.,UIU., ETC 1 -^y C* r\) BY A PROFESSED LAUNDERER. NEW YORK: I^XJBLISKED B^ THE ^TJTHOK, 1863, r^f U-- Entered, according to Act of Congress, In the year 1868, BY A. HOLLAND, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York. ^3 5^^ EDWARD 0. JENKINS, printer, ^^ 20 North William St., New York. -^^o «S»J?^ ^ INDEX WASHING AND BLEACHIKG, IV INDEX. EEMOVIl^G STAINS, PAGE PREFACE. In presenting this little work to the public our object is to place before our readers a few valuable recipes, in a neat and convenient form, so that they may be at hand whenever desired, and to give such instructions in the various processes of getting up linen as we are able to furnish from many years' experience in the laundry busi- ness, and thus assist not only the wife, mother, and blooming miss, in their (often) rough and tiresome journey of life, but useful to all who will be benefited by the suggestions of others. These recipes are known to be valuable, and no preparation will be recommended in this work but such as experience has shown to be of sterling worth, and such as may be used with perfect safety according to directions.