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Banda Islands, Indonesia
INSULARITY AND ADAPTATION INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF EXCHANGE AND INTER-ISLAND INTERACTION IN THE BANDA ISLANDS, INDONESIA Emily J. Peterson A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2015 Reading Committee: Peter V. Lape, Chair James K. Feathers Benjamin Marwick Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology ©Copyright 2015 Emily J. Peterson University of Washington Abstract Insularity and Adaptation Investigating the role of exchange and inter-island interaction in the Banda Islands, Indonesia Emily J. Peterson Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Peter V. Lape Department of Anthropology Trade and exchange exerted a powerful force in the historic and protohistoric past of Island Southeast Asian communities. Exchange and interaction are also hypothesized to have played an important role in the spread of new technologies and lifestyles throughout the region during the Neolithic period. Although it is clear that interaction has played an important role in shaping Island Southeast Asian cultures on a regional scale, little is known about local histories and trajectories of exchange in much of the region. This dissertation aims to improve our understanding of the adaptive role played by exchange and interaction through an exploration of change over time in the connectedness of island communities in the Banda Islands, eastern Indonesia. Connectedness is examined by measuring source diversity for two different types of archaeological materials. Chemical characterization of pottery using LA-ICP-MS allows the identification of geochemically different paste groups within the earthenware assemblages of two Banda Islands sites. Source diversity measures are employed to identify differences in relative connectedness between these sites and changes over time. -
Geckos on Australasia Side of Wallace Line Found to Be Growing to Twice the Size of Those in Asia 8 October 2014, by Bob Yirka
Geckos on Australasia side of Wallace Line found to be growing to twice the size of those in Asia 8 October 2014, by Bob Yirka impact of what has become known as the Wallace Line—bent toed geckos on the Australasia side are growing bigger than their Asian cousins, particularly on the island of New Guinea. The researchers looked at 87 species of the bent toed variety of the lizard out of 180 believed to live in the area, from both sides of the Line—using ancestral state analysis revealed that geckos living on New Guinea were evolving to grow to be approximately twice as long as their Asian counterparts—roughly 35cm. Though the cause for the apparent rise of gigantism in the lizards can't be proved as yet, the A dwarf yellow-headed gecko. Lygodactylus researchers strongly believe it's because the lizard luteopicturatus. Pictured in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. has no predators on the island and because there App 7cm long. Credit: Wikipedia. is a nearly limitless supply of easy to obtain food. On New Guinea there are no mammals, and the largest carnivore is the marsupial Bronze Quoll, which grows to just 36cm. The researchers suggest A team made up of several researchers from that more research into the lineage of the lizard Australia and one from the U.S. has found that needs to be done to better understand their bent toed geckos living on the Australasia side of ecological shift—to find out if other causes might be The Wallace Line are evolving to grow up to twice at play as well. -
Ambon – Banda Sea – Alor- Maumere
DAY ITINERARY WITH MV MERMAID I BIODIVERSITY SPECIAL RING DIVES OF FIRE – AMBON – BANDA SEA – ALOR- MAUMERE DAY 1 Check-in on board Mermaid I. After arriving at Ambon and a safety briefing. You will do dives two dives at Ambon Bay in some fabulous muck dives with critters galore. This area is known for many rare and unusual species including the psychedelic frogfish and 2 Rhinopias. DAY 2-3 The next two days will be spent in the Banda Islands, formerly known as the Spice dives Islands. Many of the dive sites around the Banda islands are wall dives. The walls are covered in massive gorgonians, soft corals, barrel sponges and have some very 7 interesting swim throughs. But there are other attractive dive sites such as pinnacles with enormous groups of schooling pyramid butterflyfish, triggerfish and pelagic fishes such as tunas passing through, spectacular hard coral reefs next to the volcano, and great muck dives with lots of mandarin fish at the local jetty. The Banda Islands are much more than diving. It is also a cultural and historical experience. You will spend one morning walking around the village of Banda Neira the main island, with a local guide, visiting the local museum, the old Dutch fort, the old colonial governor’s house, the local fish market and a nutmeg plantation, where you will have breakfast. DAY 4 Manuk – Snake Volcano – sometimes has more snakes than Gunung Api. Still no need dives to be afraid! The site also offers a black sand reef dive with loads of fish and pretty hard corals. -
The Species Flocks in the Ancient Lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia
12 Aquatic biodiversity hotspots in Wallacea: the species fl ocks in the ancient lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia T h o m a s v o n R i n t e l e n , K r i s t i n a v o n R i n t e l e n , M a t t h i a s G l a u b r e c h t , C h r i s t o p h D . S c h u b a r t a n d F a b i a n H e r d e r 12.1 Introduction Some of the world’s most spectacular species radiations or species fl ocks are found in so-called ‘ancient lakes’. Th ese are long-lived lakes that have existed for 100 000 years (Gorthner et al. 1994 , but see also Albrecht and Wilke 2008 ) or more (e.g. Lake Tanganyika and Lake Baikal). Ancient lakes are justifi ably regarded as hotspots of diversifi cation (e.g. Martens 1997 , Rossiter and Kawanabe 2000 ), even if not all ancient lake species fl ocks match the diversity of the super-fl ock of East African cichlids (e.g. Kornfi eld and Smith 2000 , Kocher 2004 ). Studies on the evo- lution of ancient lake organisms have continuously resulted in important insights into general patterns of speciation and radiation (e.g. Streelman and Danley 2003 ) ever since the seminal review of Brooks ( 1950 ). During the last decade, smaller ancient lakes (c. <1 000 km 2 ), which are generally less well investigated, have attracted increasing attention. -
Biogeographical Modules and Island Roles: a Comparison of Wallacea
Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2012) 39, 739–749 ORIGINAL Biogeographical modules and island ARTICLE roles: a comparison of Wallacea and the West Indies Daniel W. Carstensen1*, Bo Dalsgaard2,3, Jens-Christian Svenning4, Carsten Rahbek3, Jon Fjeldsa˚5, William J. Sutherland2 and Jens M. Olesen1 1Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, ABSTRACT Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus, Aim In order to advance our understanding of the assembly of communities on Denmark, 2Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of islands and to elucidate the function of different islands in creating regional and Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 subregional distribution patterns, we identify island biogeographical roles on the 3EJ, UK, 3Center for Macroecology, Evolution basis of the distribution of the islands’ biota within the archipelago. We explore and Climate, Department of Biology, which island characteristics determine island biogeographical roles. Furthermore, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken we identify biogeographical subregions, termed modules. 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, Location Wallacea in Indonesia, and the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea. 4Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Group, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Methods We use a network approach to detect island biogeographical roles and Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus, avian biogeographical modules. To designate the biogeographical role of an Denmark, 5Center for Macroecology, Evolution island, each island is assigned two coordinates, l and r. The position of an island and Climate, Natural History Museum of in l–r space characterizes its role, namely as peripheral, connector, module hub, Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 or network hub. Island characteristics are tested as predictors of l and r. -
(2) Biodiversity in Sulawesi Island Wallacea Is a Famous And
Interim Report The Study on Arterial Road Network Development Plan for Sulawesi Island and Feasibility Study on Priority Arterial Road Development for South Sulawesi Province June 2007 (2) Biodiversity in Sulawesi Island Wallacea is a famous and essential biogeographical island group in eastern Indonesia which includes Sulawesi Island (which is about 178,700 km2). Sulawesi Island is the largest of these islands occupying about 53% of the island aggrupation located in the northwest part of Wallacea. Because of its tropical climate, its numerous islands, and complex geological history, Wallacea has high biodiversity, with numerous species found nowhere else in the world. Its total number of species is estimated at 11,400 and holds a high probability of undiscovered species due to the area’s isolation and inaccessibility. Table 9.4.1 Diversity and Endemism in Wallacea Taxonomic Endemic Percent Species Endemic Species (samples) Group Species Endemism Plants 10,000 1,500 15.0% babirusa, anoa, tarsiers, Mammals 222 127 57.2% kuskus, sulawesi palm civet, celebes black macaque etc. maleo, matinan flycatcher, white-tipped monarch, taliabu Birds 647 262 40.5% masked-owl, sulawesi red- knobbed hornbill etc. calamorhabdium, rabdion, Reptiles 222 99 44.6% cyclotyphlops etc. Amphibian sulawesi toad, green flog, 48 33 68.8% s common green turtle etc. Freshwater 250 50 20.0% halfbeak, goby, oryzia etc. Fishes 11,389 2,071 18.2% Threat Categories: CR = Critically Endangered; EN = Endangered; VU = Vulnerable; EW = Extinct in the Wild Endemism: Single = endemic to one hotspot; Multiple = not endemic to any one hotspot, but to the combined area of two or more hotspots 1) Plants Although the flora in this island region is not well known, it is estimated that there are about 10,000 species of vascular plants, with roughly 1,500 endemic species and at least 12 endemic genera. -
Indonesia Schools' Booklet 2018
Indonesia Schools’ Booklet 2018 Contents 1. Study area and research objectives ...................................................................................... 2 2. Week 1 itinerary .................................................................................................................. 3 3. Jungle survival skills ........................................................................................................... 4 4. Week 1 lectures .................................................................................................................. 5 5. Biodiversity practicals ......................................................................................................... 6 6. Research contribution ......................................................................................................... 7 7. Week 2 itinerary .................................................................................................................. 8 8. Coral Reef Ecology Course .................................................................................................. 8 9. PADI Open Water Diver Course ............................................................................................ 9 10. PADI Open Water Referral Course .................................................................................... 10 11. Reef Ecology lectures and practicals ................................................................................ 12 12. A-Level exam board table ............................................................................................... -
Monitoring Biodiversity by Operation Wallacea in the Iwokrama and Surama Forests, Guyana Research Report 2015
Monitoring biodiversity by Operation Wallacea in the Iwokrama and Surama Forests, Guyana Research Report 2015 Danielle Gilroy, Scott Sveiven, Dr. Brian O’Shea, Dr. Burton Lim, Matt Hallett, Dan Fitzpatrick, Meshach Pierre, Stefanie Bonat Operation Wallacea research report, Guyana 2015 Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Contact .................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Stakeholders ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Goals of this monitoring ......................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Team members ....................................................................................................................... 4 2. Survey sites and spatial design .......................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Sites ......................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Survey spatial design ............................................................................................................. -
Schools' Booklet
Sulawesi School Training Course Activities Booklet 2020 Table of Contents Wallacea Biogeographical Region ............................................................................................ 2 University of Haluoleo - Terrestrial Objectives and Conservation Outputs ................................... 2 Objectives: ........................................................................................................................................... 5 University of Hasanuddin - Marine Objectives and Conservation Outputs ................................... 6 Objectives ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Camps and Travel to Sites ....................................................................................................... 8 Camp Combinations............................................................................................................................. 8 Expedition Itineraries............................................................................................................. 10 Week 1 - Forest Itinerary (Camp Combinations 1 – 4) ........................................................................ 10 Week 2 - Marine Itinerary (Camp Combinations 1 – 4) ...................................................................... 11 Marine Only Expeditions (Camp Combination 5) ................................................................................ 14 Links to Exam Specifications ................................................................................................ -
WALLACEA 2 339,828 Km Philippines
WALLACEA 2 339,828 km Philippines Brunei Malaysia Palu BIODIVERSITY TARGET 2020 TARGET: 17% protected 2015: 9.5% PROTECTED 7.7% I-IV 1.2% V-VI .6% NA Makassar Indonesia Wallacea Hotspot Neighboring Hotspot Protected Area (IUCN Category I-IV) Protected Area (IUCN Category V-VI) Protected Area (IUCN Category NA) Urban Area Agriculture (0-100% landuse) Roads Kilometers Australia Railroads 0 250 500 1,000 WALLACEA ECOREGIONS Shortfall Assessment to reach Target of 17% protected land in each terrestrial ecoregion 7 4 5 8 9 2 1 6 3 Indonesia, Timor Leste 2 BIOMES Tropical & Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests 9 ECOREGIONS ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES 1,500 Kilometers ENDEMIC ANIMAL SPECIES 0 250 500 1,000 571 1. Lesser Sundas Deciduous Forests 5. Sulawesi Montane Rain Forests 16,164 km2 remnant habitat 49,648 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% + 1,514 km2 protected areas Target reached 2. Banda Seas Islands Moist Deciduous Forests 984 km2 remnant habitat Target reached 6. Sumba Deciduous Forests 4,399 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% +1,033 km2 protected areas 3. Timor & Wetar Deciduous Forests 13,696 km2 remnant habitat 7. Halmahera Rain Forests To reach Aichi Target of 17% 19,307 km2 remnant habitat +1,791 km2 protected areas Target reached 4. Sulawesi Lowland Rain Forests 51,045 km2 remnant habitat 8. Seram Rain Forests 12,649 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% To reach Aichi Target of 17% 2 +5,557 km2 protected areas +25 km protected areas 9. -
Wallacea Ecosystem Profile Summary Brochure English Pdf 2.14 MB
Wallacea Ecosystem Profile Summary 1 About CEPF Established in 2000, the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a global leader in enabling civil society to participate in and influence the conservation of some of the world’s most critical ecosystems. CEPF is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement (AFD), Conservation International, the European Union, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the Government of Japan, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. CEPF is unique among funding mechanisms in that it focuses on high-priority biological areas rather than political boundaries and examines conservation threats on a landscape scale. From this perspective, CEPF seeks to identify and support a regional, rather than a national, approach to achieving conservation outcomes and engages a wide range of public and private institutions to address conservation needs through coordinated regional efforts. Cover photo left to right: Green pit viper (Trimeresurus fasciatus). © Robin Moore/iLCP; and Ngade Lake, Ternate, Maluku Islands, Indonesia. © Burung Indonesia/photo by Tri Susanti 2 The Hotspot The Wallacea biodiversity hotspot, which includes the whole of Timor-Leste and the central portion of Indonesia, including the major island groups of Sulawesi, Maluku, and the Lesser Sundas, qualifies as a global biodiversity hotspot due to its high number of plants and animals found nowhere else and accelerating levels of habitat loss. The chief causes include overexploitation of natural resources, habitat degradation, fragmentation, and conversion and pressure from population increase and economic development. Wallacea is fundamentally an island landscape, with more than 1,680 islands and 30 million people, the majority of whom live in coastal areas earning their living from farms, forests, wetlands and the sea. -
Community and Conservation in Wallacea: Making the Case for the Region, a Methodological Framework, and Research Trends
Forest and Society. Vol. 4(1): 1-19, April 2020 Received: 2020-03-04; Accepted: 2020-04-26 ISSN: 2549-4724, E-ISSN: 2549-4333 Special Section on community-based conservation in the Wallacea region Introduction Review Article Community and conservation in Wallacea: Making the case for the region, a methodological framework, and research trends Micah R. Fisher 1,2, Bart Verheijen 1,3, Muhammad Alif K. Sahide 1* 1 Universitas Hasanuddin, Faculty of Forestry 2 University of Hawaii, Affiliate Faculty – Matsunaga Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution 3 University of Amsterdam * Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: This introduction provides a review of articles published in the special section on community conservation in the Wallacea region. As editors to the special section, we worked with contributors over a series of workshops to reflexively identify challenges to conducting research on community and conservation in this important and often overlooked region. The challenges are attributable to the dynamism and remoteness of the region, as well as its peripheral position relative to the center of government in Indonesia. We begin this article by making the case for a concerted field of study for the Wallacea region. Next, we draw on empirical research and continued engagement from across Wallacea to propose a framework that helps make better sense of the often perplexing trends involving communities and conservation in the region. We call the framework ASLi, which addresses the key institutions that negotiate conservation and development, including Adat and adaptive local institutions and the State. We situate these institutions within the dimensions of Livelihoods and their relations with natural resources.