DOCSLIB.ORG

Wallacea Dive Cruises - MSY Seahorse (11 Nights Banda Sea - Ring of fire) - Tour Code: SH190930

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Wallacea Dive Cruises - MSY Seahorse (11 Nights Banda Sea - Ring of fire) - Tour Code: SH190930 Tel : +47 22413030 | Epost :[email protected]| Web :www.reisebazaar.no Karl Johans gt. 23, 0159 Oslo, Norway Wallacea Dive Cruises - MSY Seahorse (11 nights Banda Sea - Ring of fire) - Tour code: SH190930 Turkode Destinasjoner Turen starter 38890 Indonesia Alor Turen destinasjon Reisen er levert av 13 dager Saumlaki Fra : NOK 0 Oversikt Triton Bay and the Banda Sea is known for its impressive soft corals and reefs. This is one of the most remote areas of the Indonesian Archipelago and among the many species of marine life you might encounter here is whale sharks, pilot whales, huge schools of fish and excellent macro opportunities. Reiserute Day 1: Fly to Alorand check in (check dive eventually depending on guests arrival time) Day 2-11: Diving the Banda Sea Day 12: Tour ends in Saumlaki- Check out This cruise makes a journey of about 500 nautical miles and crossing a large part of eastern Indonesia through the Banda Sea, from Ambon in the hearth of Mollucas to Tanimbar, the easternmost island of Indonesia. During your visit to this area you will see big numbers of pelagic fish, most notably impressive numbers of Napoleon wrasse, dog-toothed tuna and squadrons of mobula rays at sites throughout the Banda Islands area. The waters of Banda and Ambon promise riches beyond the wildest dreams of many 'big name' dive destinations worldwide. There are the small and beautiful macro creatures that are more often seen around Ambon, such as the scorpionfish which carries its name. The Spice islands are full of historical significance and you can visit old Dutch forts and learn all about the history of this once great trading route. If you luck is in then you can find yourself diving with schooling hammerheads - a sight not easily forgotten! Nowadays the region is attracting overseas visitors for very different reasons. The Banda Sea is located in the central region of Indonesia and was once known for its lucrative spice trade where foreigners came from all over the world to trade in that most valuable of commodities, nutmeg. Limited human impact has left the reefs in great health, and the rich waters that they lie in are home to an unbelievable array of life. And the schools of fish in the Banda Sea need to be seen to be believed. The so called ring of fire is part of the cruise, with still active volcanoes like Manuk islands, whose reefs are home for thousands of sea snakes. Schooling hammerheads are one of the highlight of this cruise and can generally be seen on a few dive sites of the itinerary. Why choose the Banda Sea as your next dive destination? One of Indonesia’s best kept secrets is the Banda Sea, which is part of the (Pacific) Ring of Fire – a massive horseshoe-shaped, seismically active area that stretches all the way from South America to New Zealand and measures about 40,000 kilometres. The South East Asian section of the Ring of Fire includes a chain of volcanic islands from the north of Pulau Seram to the tip of Pulau Wetar in the Banda Sea. Known for its incredible biodiversity, healthy reefs, and, of course, unpredictable conditions, this remote part of the Ring of Fire is only reachable via liveaboard and – needless to say – offers spectacular diving. Need more convincing to get you all the way out there? Here are six reasons for you to chew on. Triton Bay There are also areas in the Triton Bay region which promise all manner of critter appearances including frogfish, ornate ghost pipefish, wonderpus, pygmy seahorses and nudibranchs galore. Epaulette sharks can be seen walking over the reefs as giant groupers lurk in sheltered spots, while schools of jacks and fusiliers dart around en masse. Triton Bay boasts a resident pod of pilot whales, the sight of which will linger long in the memories of those who dive with them. Not many liveaboard diving charters visit this region and the pioneering spirit and sense of privilege you feel while visiting Triton Bay is palpable. These enormous fish approach the 'bagans' of fishermen at the surface, sometimes many at a time. Triton Bay's black coral forests are awesome in scale and never fail to impress. The bay also features excellent whale shark action. Squadrons of bumphead parrotfish charge around chomping the coral into fine sand, watched by ever-present turtles. What other parts of Papua Province have over Raja Ampat could be the almost guaranteed presence of some of the larger creatures scuba divers are ever likely to encounter. Above the water is also fascinating with lush green landscapes, local people whose lives are a million miles from your own, and ancient cave paintings which root the people to their ancestral land. Photographers are advised not to leave their macros lenses at home!Triton Bay is known for displaying a similarly impressive level of soft coral coverage as places like Misool Island. To see so many of these majestic sharks gulping for scraps at the surface is a sight to behold! Viktig Informasjon Package includes: Accommodation in a shared twin or double cabin. All meals. Drinking water, soft drinks and hot drinks. Nitrox All guided dives 80 cf tanks, weights and belts The airport-ship transfers and from the place of departure and arrival. 3 daily dives + 5 night dives (min number of dives on the trip 32) Not included: Park and Port fees: 200€ / cruise Alcoholic beverages, espresso (1€) Possible diving equipment rental International and domestic flights, visas and airport taxes Laundry (1 € / piece) Crew gratuities (is optional as they reflect your level of satisfaction about the service on board. FYI: we consider that 10€/day/passenger expresses a pleasant cruise) International and domestic flights Other useful information: Rates: based on twin share cabins. If traveling as single person you will be allocated a cabin with another diver of the same sex. Surcharges: Upgrade to seaview cabin €220/cruise. 100 cf tank surcharge €65/cruise. Dive equipment rentals and extra surcharges - click here Destination known for: Barracudas, surgeonfishes, Bumphead parrot fishes, Trevallies and giant trevallies, pafefishes. Napoleon wrasse, wobbegon, tunas, bonitos, waow, manta rays, mobulas, Seahorse, frogfish, leaf fish, scorpionfish . Black corals forests, gorgonian fields, soft corals , gorgonian fields. We will navigate up to Nil Desperandum and several spots where we expect to encounter hammerhead sharks in this period of the year Currents: Currents are slow to medium on this cruise. However, always a certain amount of current is needed to enjoy the fish life. Visibility: The visibility is good, 20 meters and more on this itinerary. Conditions however can vary locally according to tides. Boarding/check-out: Check in time: depending on flight arrival—before 1 PM // Check out time: depending on flight departure—before 1 PM Climate & diving conditions: The Banda Sea - Ring of Fire & the Ceram Sea (Misool) are subject to consistent winds, waves and swell during the monsoon periods, especially during the South East monsoon from May to October. That's why we organize this itinerary during November and April that are an inter monsoon periods with quiet seas. However, some temporary storms can arise, with waves developing for a few hours only. Best time to dive this destination: October to April is considered the best season for Triton Bay and the Banda Sea. Water temperature: The sea water temperature is averaging at 28-29°C throughout the year. Diving regulations and info - click here To see the dive map and itinerary - click here See yacht specification and layout - click here See the destination video for this expedition: Priser / Datoer Ved skriftlig aksept av vårt tilbud bekrefter du/dere at våre betingelser er både lest og forstått og at evt kansellerings gebyrer kan tilkomme ved en evt. avbestilling av reisen Tilgjengelige datoer Pris (1 voksen) Pris (1 barn) Status reise Vi vil komme tilbake til deg med et tilbud på den forespurte reisen/pakken I løpet av 48 timer. Alle tilbud er uforpliktende og er vanligvis gyldige i 7 dager. Vi gjør oppmerksom på at reserverte tjenester kan bli kansellert innenfor disse 7 dagene og at pris kan endres inntil en endelig bestilling er mottatt. REISEbazaar er medlem i Airticket Gruppen. Copyright 2018. www.reisebazaar.no - all right reserved.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Banda Islands, Indonesia
    INSULARITY AND ADAPTATION INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF EXCHANGE AND INTER-ISLAND INTERACTION IN THE BANDA ISLANDS, INDONESIA Emily J. Peterson A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2015 Reading Committee: Peter V. Lape, Chair James K. Feathers Benjamin Marwick Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology ©Copyright 2015 Emily J. Peterson University of Washington Abstract Insularity and Adaptation Investigating the role of exchange and inter-island interaction in the Banda Islands, Indonesia Emily J. Peterson Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Peter V. Lape Department of Anthropology Trade and exchange exerted a powerful force in the historic and protohistoric past of Island Southeast Asian communities. Exchange and interaction are also hypothesized to have played an important role in the spread of new technologies and lifestyles throughout the region during the Neolithic period. Although it is clear that interaction has played an important role in shaping Island Southeast Asian cultures on a regional scale, little is known about local histories and trajectories of exchange in much of the region. This dissertation aims to improve our understanding of the adaptive role played by exchange and interaction through an exploration of change over time in the connectedness of island communities in the Banda Islands, eastern Indonesia. Connectedness is examined by measuring source diversity for two different types of archaeological materials. Chemical characterization of pottery using LA-ICP-MS allows the identification of geochemically different paste groups within the earthenware assemblages of two Banda Islands sites. Source diversity measures are employed to identify differences in relative connectedness between these sites and changes over time.
    [Show full text]
  • Geckos on Australasia Side of Wallace Line Found to Be Growing to Twice the Size of Those in Asia 8 October 2014, by Bob Yirka
    Geckos on Australasia side of Wallace Line found to be growing to twice the size of those in Asia 8 October 2014, by Bob Yirka impact of what has become known as the Wallace Line—bent toed geckos on the Australasia side are growing bigger than their Asian cousins, particularly on the island of New Guinea. The researchers looked at 87 species of the bent toed variety of the lizard out of 180 believed to live in the area, from both sides of the Line—using ancestral state analysis revealed that geckos living on New Guinea were evolving to grow to be approximately twice as long as their Asian counterparts—roughly 35cm. Though the cause for the apparent rise of gigantism in the lizards can't be proved as yet, the A dwarf yellow-headed gecko. Lygodactylus researchers strongly believe it's because the lizard luteopicturatus. Pictured in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. has no predators on the island and because there App 7cm long. Credit: Wikipedia. is a nearly limitless supply of easy to obtain food. On New Guinea there are no mammals, and the largest carnivore is the marsupial Bronze Quoll, which grows to just 36cm. The researchers suggest A team made up of several researchers from that more research into the lineage of the lizard Australia and one from the U.S. has found that needs to be done to better understand their bent toed geckos living on the Australasia side of ecological shift—to find out if other causes might be The Wallace Line are evolving to grow up to twice at play as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Ambon – Banda Sea – Alor- Maumere
    DAY ITINERARY WITH MV MERMAID I BIODIVERSITY SPECIAL RING DIVES OF FIRE – AMBON – BANDA SEA – ALOR- MAUMERE DAY 1 Check-in on board Mermaid I. After arriving at Ambon and a safety briefing. You will do dives two dives at Ambon Bay in some fabulous muck dives with critters galore. This area is known for many rare and unusual species including the psychedelic frogfish and 2 Rhinopias. DAY 2-3 The next two days will be spent in the Banda Islands, formerly known as the Spice dives Islands. Many of the dive sites around the Banda islands are wall dives. The walls are covered in massive gorgonians, soft corals, barrel sponges and have some very 7 interesting swim throughs. But there are other attractive dive sites such as pinnacles with enormous groups of schooling pyramid butterflyfish, triggerfish and pelagic fishes such as tunas passing through, spectacular hard coral reefs next to the volcano, and great muck dives with lots of mandarin fish at the local jetty. The Banda Islands are much more than diving. It is also a cultural and historical experience. You will spend one morning walking around the village of Banda Neira the main island, with a local guide, visiting the local museum, the old Dutch fort, the old colonial governor’s house, the local fish market and a nutmeg plantation, where you will have breakfast. DAY 4 Manuk – Snake Volcano – sometimes has more snakes than Gunung Api. Still no need dives to be afraid! The site also offers a black sand reef dive with loads of fish and pretty hard corals.
    [Show full text]
  • The Species Flocks in the Ancient Lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia
    12 Aquatic biodiversity hotspots in Wallacea: the species fl ocks in the ancient lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia T h o m a s v o n R i n t e l e n , K r i s t i n a v o n R i n t e l e n , M a t t h i a s G l a u b r e c h t , C h r i s t o p h D . S c h u b a r t a n d F a b i a n H e r d e r 12.1 Introduction Some of the world’s most spectacular species radiations or species fl ocks are found in so-called ‘ancient lakes’. Th ese are long-lived lakes that have existed for 100 000 years (Gorthner et al. 1994 , but see also Albrecht and Wilke 2008 ) or more (e.g. Lake Tanganyika and Lake Baikal). Ancient lakes are justifi ably regarded as hotspots of diversifi cation (e.g. Martens 1997 , Rossiter and Kawanabe 2000 ), even if not all ancient lake species fl ocks match the diversity of the super-fl ock of East African cichlids (e.g. Kornfi eld and Smith 2000 , Kocher 2004 ). Studies on the evo- lution of ancient lake organisms have continuously resulted in important insights into general patterns of speciation and radiation (e.g. Streelman and Danley 2003 ) ever since the seminal review of Brooks ( 1950 ). During the last decade, smaller ancient lakes (c. <1 000 km 2 ), which are generally less well investigated, have attracted increasing attention.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeographical Modules and Island Roles: a Comparison of Wallacea
    Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2012) 39, 739–749 ORIGINAL Biogeographical modules and island ARTICLE roles: a comparison of Wallacea and the West Indies Daniel W. Carstensen1*, Bo Dalsgaard2,3, Jens-Christian Svenning4, Carsten Rahbek3, Jon Fjeldsa˚5, William J. Sutherland2 and Jens M. Olesen1 1Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, ABSTRACT Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus, Aim In order to advance our understanding of the assembly of communities on Denmark, 2Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of islands and to elucidate the function of different islands in creating regional and Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 subregional distribution patterns, we identify island biogeographical roles on the 3EJ, UK, 3Center for Macroecology, Evolution basis of the distribution of the islands’ biota within the archipelago. We explore and Climate, Department of Biology, which island characteristics determine island biogeographical roles. Furthermore, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken we identify biogeographical subregions, termed modules. 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, Location Wallacea in Indonesia, and the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea. 4Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity Group, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Methods We use a network approach to detect island biogeographical roles and Ny Munkegade 114, DK-8000 Aarhus, avian biogeographical modules. To designate the biogeographical role of an Denmark, 5Center for Macroecology, Evolution island, each island is assigned two coordinates, l and r. The position of an island and Climate, Natural History Museum of in l–r space characterizes its role, namely as peripheral, connector, module hub, Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 or network hub. Island characteristics are tested as predictors of l and r.
    [Show full text]
  • (2) Biodiversity in Sulawesi Island Wallacea Is a Famous And
    Interim Report The Study on Arterial Road Network Development Plan for Sulawesi Island and Feasibility Study on Priority Arterial Road Development for South Sulawesi Province June 2007 (2) Biodiversity in Sulawesi Island Wallacea is a famous and essential biogeographical island group in eastern Indonesia which includes Sulawesi Island (which is about 178,700 km2). Sulawesi Island is the largest of these islands occupying about 53% of the island aggrupation located in the northwest part of Wallacea. Because of its tropical climate, its numerous islands, and complex geological history, Wallacea has high biodiversity, with numerous species found nowhere else in the world. Its total number of species is estimated at 11,400 and holds a high probability of undiscovered species due to the area’s isolation and inaccessibility. Table 9.4.1 Diversity and Endemism in Wallacea Taxonomic Endemic Percent Species Endemic Species (samples) Group Species Endemism Plants 10,000 1,500 15.0% babirusa, anoa, tarsiers, Mammals 222 127 57.2% kuskus, sulawesi palm civet, celebes black macaque etc. maleo, matinan flycatcher, white-tipped monarch, taliabu Birds 647 262 40.5% masked-owl, sulawesi red- knobbed hornbill etc. calamorhabdium, rabdion, Reptiles 222 99 44.6% cyclotyphlops etc. Amphibian sulawesi toad, green flog, 48 33 68.8% s common green turtle etc. Freshwater 250 50 20.0% halfbeak, goby, oryzia etc. Fishes 11,389 2,071 18.2% Threat Categories: CR = Critically Endangered; EN = Endangered; VU = Vulnerable; EW = Extinct in the Wild Endemism: Single = endemic to one hotspot; Multiple = not endemic to any one hotspot, but to the combined area of two or more hotspots 1) Plants Although the flora in this island region is not well known, it is estimated that there are about 10,000 species of vascular plants, with roughly 1,500 endemic species and at least 12 endemic genera.
    [Show full text]
  • Indonesia Schools' Booklet 2018
    Indonesia Schools’ Booklet 2018 Contents 1. Study area and research objectives ...................................................................................... 2 2. Week 1 itinerary .................................................................................................................. 3 3. Jungle survival skills ........................................................................................................... 4 4. Week 1 lectures .................................................................................................................. 5 5. Biodiversity practicals ......................................................................................................... 6 6. Research contribution ......................................................................................................... 7 7. Week 2 itinerary .................................................................................................................. 8 8. Coral Reef Ecology Course .................................................................................................. 8 9. PADI Open Water Diver Course ............................................................................................ 9 10. PADI Open Water Referral Course .................................................................................... 10 11. Reef Ecology lectures and practicals ................................................................................ 12 12. A-Level exam board table ...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Monitoring Biodiversity by Operation Wallacea in the Iwokrama and Surama Forests, Guyana Research Report 2015
    Monitoring biodiversity by Operation Wallacea in the Iwokrama and Surama Forests, Guyana Research Report 2015 Danielle Gilroy, Scott Sveiven, Dr. Brian O’Shea, Dr. Burton Lim, Matt Hallett, Dan Fitzpatrick, Meshach Pierre, Stefanie Bonat Operation Wallacea research report, Guyana 2015 Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Contact .................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Stakeholders ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Goals of this monitoring ......................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Team members ....................................................................................................................... 4 2. Survey sites and spatial design .......................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Sites ......................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Survey spatial design .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Schools' Booklet
    Sulawesi School Training Course Activities Booklet 2020 Table of Contents Wallacea Biogeographical Region ............................................................................................ 2 University of Haluoleo - Terrestrial Objectives and Conservation Outputs ................................... 2 Objectives: ........................................................................................................................................... 5 University of Hasanuddin - Marine Objectives and Conservation Outputs ................................... 6 Objectives ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Camps and Travel to Sites ....................................................................................................... 8 Camp Combinations............................................................................................................................. 8 Expedition Itineraries............................................................................................................. 10 Week 1 - Forest Itinerary (Camp Combinations 1 – 4) ........................................................................ 10 Week 2 - Marine Itinerary (Camp Combinations 1 – 4) ...................................................................... 11 Marine Only Expeditions (Camp Combination 5) ................................................................................ 14 Links to Exam Specifications ................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • WALLACEA 2 339,828 Km Philippines
    WALLACEA 2 339,828 km Philippines Brunei Malaysia Palu BIODIVERSITY TARGET 2020 TARGET: 17% protected 2015: 9.5% PROTECTED 7.7% I-IV 1.2% V-VI .6% NA Makassar Indonesia Wallacea Hotspot Neighboring Hotspot Protected Area (IUCN Category I-IV) Protected Area (IUCN Category V-VI) Protected Area (IUCN Category NA) Urban Area Agriculture (0-100% landuse) Roads Kilometers Australia Railroads 0 250 500 1,000 WALLACEA ECOREGIONS Shortfall Assessment to reach Target of 17% protected land in each terrestrial ecoregion 7 4 5 8 9 2 1 6 3 Indonesia, Timor Leste 2 BIOMES Tropical & Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests 9 ECOREGIONS ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES 1,500 Kilometers ENDEMIC ANIMAL SPECIES 0 250 500 1,000 571 1. Lesser Sundas Deciduous Forests 5. Sulawesi Montane Rain Forests 16,164 km2 remnant habitat 49,648 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% + 1,514 km2 protected areas Target reached 2. Banda Seas Islands Moist Deciduous Forests 984 km2 remnant habitat Target reached 6. Sumba Deciduous Forests 4,399 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% +1,033 km2 protected areas 3. Timor & Wetar Deciduous Forests 13,696 km2 remnant habitat 7. Halmahera Rain Forests To reach Aichi Target of 17% 19,307 km2 remnant habitat +1,791 km2 protected areas Target reached 4. Sulawesi Lowland Rain Forests 51,045 km2 remnant habitat 8. Seram Rain Forests 12,649 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% To reach Aichi Target of 17% 2 +5,557 km2 protected areas +25 km protected areas 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Wallacea Ecosystem Profile Summary Brochure English Pdf 2.14 MB
    Wallacea Ecosystem Profile Summary 1 About CEPF Established in 2000, the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a global leader in enabling civil society to participate in and influence the conservation of some of the world’s most critical ecosystems. CEPF is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement (AFD), Conservation International, the European Union, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the Government of Japan, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. CEPF is unique among funding mechanisms in that it focuses on high-priority biological areas rather than political boundaries and examines conservation threats on a landscape scale. From this perspective, CEPF seeks to identify and support a regional, rather than a national, approach to achieving conservation outcomes and engages a wide range of public and private institutions to address conservation needs through coordinated regional efforts. Cover photo left to right: Green pit viper (Trimeresurus fasciatus). © Robin Moore/iLCP; and Ngade Lake, Ternate, Maluku Islands, Indonesia. © Burung Indonesia/photo by Tri Susanti 2 The Hotspot The Wallacea biodiversity hotspot, which includes the whole of Timor-Leste and the central portion of Indonesia, including the major island groups of Sulawesi, Maluku, and the Lesser Sundas, qualifies as a global biodiversity hotspot due to its high number of plants and animals found nowhere else and accelerating levels of habitat loss. The chief causes include overexploitation of natural resources, habitat degradation, fragmentation, and conversion and pressure from population increase and economic development. Wallacea is fundamentally an island landscape, with more than 1,680 islands and 30 million people, the majority of whom live in coastal areas earning their living from farms, forests, wetlands and the sea.
    [Show full text]
  • Community and Conservation in Wallacea: Making the Case for the Region, a Methodological Framework, and Research Trends
    Forest and Society. Vol. 4(1): 1-19, April 2020 Received: 2020-03-04; Accepted: 2020-04-26 ISSN: 2549-4724, E-ISSN: 2549-4333 Special Section on community-based conservation in the Wallacea region Introduction Review Article Community and conservation in Wallacea: Making the case for the region, a methodological framework, and research trends Micah R. Fisher 1,2, Bart Verheijen 1,3, Muhammad Alif K. Sahide 1* 1 Universitas Hasanuddin, Faculty of Forestry 2 University of Hawaii, Affiliate Faculty – Matsunaga Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution 3 University of Amsterdam * Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: This introduction provides a review of articles published in the special section on community conservation in the Wallacea region. As editors to the special section, we worked with contributors over a series of workshops to reflexively identify challenges to conducting research on community and conservation in this important and often overlooked region. The challenges are attributable to the dynamism and remoteness of the region, as well as its peripheral position relative to the center of government in Indonesia. We begin this article by making the case for a concerted field of study for the Wallacea region. Next, we draw on empirical research and continued engagement from across Wallacea to propose a framework that helps make better sense of the often perplexing trends involving communities and conservation in the region. We call the framework ASLi, which addresses the key institutions that negotiate conservation and development, including Adat and adaptive local institutions and the State. We situate these institutions within the dimensions of Livelihoods and their relations with natural resources.
    [Show full text]