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ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS of the GUIANAS: an Historical Perspective of Selected Garden Plants from Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana
f ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS OF THE GUIANAS: An Historical Perspective of Selected Garden Plants from Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana Vf•-L - - •• -> 3H. .. h’ - — - ' - - V ' " " - 1« 7-. .. -JZ = IS^ X : TST~ .isf *“**2-rt * * , ' . / * 1 f f r m f l r l. Robert A. DeFilipps D e p a r t m e n t o f B o t a n y Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. \ 1 9 9 2 ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS OF THE GUIANAS Table of Contents I. Map of the Guianas II. Introduction 1 III. Basic Bibliography 14 IV. Acknowledgements 17 V. Maps of Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana VI. Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas Gymnosperms 19 Dicotyledons 24 Monocotyledons 205 VII. Title Page, Maps and Plates Credits 319 VIII. Illustration Credits 321 IX. Common Names Index 345 X. Scientific Names Index 353 XI. Endpiece ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS OF THE GUIANAS Introduction I. Historical Setting of the Guianan Plant Heritage The Guianas are embedded high in the green shoulder of northern South America, an area once known as the "Wild Coast". They are the only non-Latin American countries in South America, and are situated just north of the Equator in a configuration with the Amazon River of Brazil to the south and the Orinoco River of Venezuela to the west. The three Guianas comprise, from west to east, the countries of Guyana (area: 83,000 square miles; capital: Georgetown), Surinam (area: 63, 037 square miles; capital: Paramaribo) and French Guiana (area: 34, 740 square miles; capital: Cayenne). Perhaps the earliest physical contact between Europeans and the present-day Guianas occurred in 1500 when the Spanish navigator Vincente Yanez Pinzon, after discovering the Amazon River, sailed northwest and entered the Oyapock River, which is now the eastern boundary of French Guiana. -
Comparative Biology of Seed Dormancy-Break and Germination in Convolvulaceae (Asterids, Solanales)
University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2008 COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY-BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES) Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan Jayasuriya University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Jayasuriya, Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan, "COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY- BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES)" (2008). University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations. 639. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/639 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan Jayasuriya Graduate School University of Kentucky 2008 COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY-BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES) ABSRACT OF DISSERTATION A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Art and Sciences at the University of Kentucky By Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan Jayasuriya Lexington, Kentucky Co-Directors: Dr. Jerry M. Baskin, Professor of Biology Dr. Carol C. Baskin, Professor of Biology and of Plant and Soil Sciences Lexington, Kentucky 2008 Copyright © Gehan Jayasuriya 2008 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY-BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES) The biology of seed dormancy and germination of 46 species representing 11 of the 12 tribes in Convolvulaceae were compared in laboratory (mostly), field and greenhouse experiments. -
A Review on Ipomoea Carnea
Prasoon Kumar Saxena et al. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 2017, 8 (6) INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY www.irjponline.com ISSN 2230 – 8407 Review Article A REVIEW ON IPOMOEA CARNEA: AN EXPLORATION Prasoon Kumar Saxena *1, Deepak Nanda 2, Ritu Gupta 3, Nitin Kumar 1, Nidhi Tyagi 1 1ITS College of Pharmacy, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, India 2Dev Bhoomi Group of Institutions, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India 3Department of Pharmacy, Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College, Meerut, India *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Article Received on: 25/04/17 Approved for publication: 28/06/17 DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.08688 ABSTRACT Ipomoea carnea commonly known as Besharam or Behaya tree belongs to the Convolvulaceae family. Plant is the native of America. Because of fast growing nature of Ipomoea carnea, it is widely distributed in India. If the pregnant animal (Got) eat this plant it was found that a lack of maternal infants bonding. Due to this nature, generally the plant called as Besharam / Behaya or Shameless. In this article we emphasize on control the uncontrolled propagation of Ipomoea carnea, and utilize as biogas with cow dunk cake, different Species of Ipomoea available in different part of India, phytoconstituent of Ipomoea carnea, responsible for his toxic nature like Swainsonine, and pharmacological, toxicological property of Ipomoea carnea , like anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, etc. Keywords: Ipomoea carnea , Swainsonine, maternal Infants bonding INTRODUCTION Growth of Ipomoea carnea depends upon the seasonal pattern. The fastest, highest growing in the month of September to Bush Morning Glory botanically named as “Ipomoea carnea ” October and lowest in June to July. -
Sistemática Do Gênero Dichondra (Convolvulaceae)
GEADELANDE CAROLINO DELGADO JUNIOR SISTEMÁTICA DO GÊNERO DICHONDRA (CONVOLVULACEAE) RECIFE, PE 2019 i GEADELANDE CAROLINO DELGADO JUNIOR SISTEMÁTICA DO GÊNERO DICHONDRA (CONVOLVULACEAE) Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – PPGB/UFRPE, como requisito para obtenção do título de Doutor em Botânica. Orientadora: Drª. Maria Teresa Buril RECIFE, PE 2019 ii GEADELANDE CAROLINO DELGADO JUNIOR SISTEMÁTICA DO GÊNERO DICHONDRA (CONVOLVULACEAE) Presidente da Banca / Orientadora: _______________________________________ Profa. Drª. Maria Teresa Buril (UFRPE) Tese defendida e aprovada pela banca examinadora em: __/___/_____ ________________________________________________________ Profa. Drª. Maria Regina de V. Barbosa (UFPB) Titular ________________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Benoît Francis Patrice Loeuille (UFPE) Titular ________________________________________________________ Drª. Sarah Maria Athiê de Souza (UFRPE) Titular ________________________________________________________ Drª. Ana Rita Simões (IBT) Titular ________________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Marccus Alves (UFPE) Suplente ________________________________________________________ Drª. Priscila Porto Alegre Ferreira (FZB) Suplente RECIFE, PE 2019 iii Dedico, aos botânicos taxonomistas, que na solidão, sacrificam a vida para entender as plantas. aos pós-graduandos, que silenciosamente, traduzem as angústias e alegrias vividas, durante 4 anos, em um monte de palavras. iv Certas vezes, somos levados a caminhos estreitos que nos confrontam e nos testam, mas que no fim exuberam a maravilha da descoberta de quem somos... A vida me trouxe uma flor para que eu a desvendasse. mesmo sem encanto a encarei O que era um enigma se transformou em passos amargos por essa flor caminhei e pelo deserto desesperado chorei... Deparei com a angústia da solidão embebido sob a pressão de ter que entendê-la Mas segui! E quanto mais a conhecia mais perdido sentia! E como teu habito flor, Comecei a rastejar sem desistir. -
The Flora of the American Virgin Islands
THE LuESTHER i . MERTZ LIBRARY THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN /l^^mm'X- THE N 3RK du i SARDiN CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN No. 203 THE FLORA OF THE AMERICAN "VIRGIN ISLANDS N. L. BRITTON NEW YORK 1918 Reprinted change of paging, from Brooklyn Botanic Garden Memoirs 1: 19-118. July 6, 1918 3^ ^ 77 5-V? [Reprinted from Brooklyn Botanic Garden Memoirs, Vol. I, 1918,] THE FLORA OF THE AMERICAN VIRGIN ISLANDS N. L. BRITTON New York Botanical Garden The islands St. Thomas, St. Jan and St. Croix recently purchased by the United States from the kingdom of Denmark, are situated to the east and southeast of the island of Porto Rico. My interest in their flora was first aroused by the proximity of the Virgin Islands archi- pelago to Porto Rico, both the Porto Rican islands Culebra and Vieques being parts of the archipelago. I therefore took occasion in of 1913, accompanied by Dr. J. N. Rose and with the help Mrs. Britton, Miss Delia W. Marble, and Dr. J. A. Shafer, to explore St. Thomas and St. Jan quite thoroughly, and Dr. Rose made collections on St. Croix, while we were engaged in studying the cacti of the West Indies. 1 In 1901, I had made a brief visit to St. Croix, with Mr. John F. Cowell. 2 The islands are all hilly, there being very little level land on either St. Thomas or St. Jan, but more on St. Croix. The rocks are mostly of plutonic origin, but there is some limestone on St. -
Vertical Gardening Flowering Vines for Florida
Vertical Gardening Flowering Vines for Florida 2008 State Master Gardener Conference Sydney Park Brown Vertical Gardening • Versatile uses • Fast results • Capitalizes on space • “Embraces” garden visitors Sheltering spaces Concept of “Garden Rooms” “Doorways” Transition points between areas of the landscape “Hallway” from one area of the garden to another “Ceilings” for Garden Rooms Transform Fences into Living “Walls” Subtle Screening Not so subtle! Direct traffic - Closed “door” Soften Hard Spaces Useful for Narrow Areas Soften Walls Espalier Containers – Small or Tropical Vines Energy Conservation Food Food and Cover for Wildlife Beneficial Insects on Vines Types of Vines • Climbing • Twining • Clambering/Scrambling Climbing Vines • Have rootlets or adhesive disks • Use on solid upright surfaces (trees, fences, or walls) • Can damage mortar and paint • Difficult to remove Climbing Vines • Climb by means of tendrils • Wind in response to friction • Spread horizontally Twining Vines • Climb by encircling upright support • Most spiral in a counter- clockwise direction • Use on poles & other vertical supports (arbors, pergolas, etc.) http://sciencetrack.blogspot.com/2007/07/twining-motion-of-vines.html Clambering/Sprawling Vines • Sprawl, don’t climb or wind • Must be “helped along” • Ex: Climbing roses, bougainvillea Planting and Maintenance of Vines Plant Two Vines Together Plant Two Together! Examples: aMorning Glory (blooms in AM) with Moon Vine (blooms in PM) aCypress Vine with Gloriosa Lily – Two weak vines that support each other -
Genetic Changes Contributing to the Parallel Evolution
Research GeneticBlackwellOxford,NPHNew0028-646X1469-8137©292910.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02929.xJune0751???763???OriginalXX The 2009Phytologist Authors UK Article Publishing (2009). Ltd Journal compilation © New Phytologist (2009) changes contributing XXto the parallel evolution of red floral pigmentation among Ipomoea species Matthew A. Streisfeld and Mark D. Rausher Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA Summary Author for correspondence: • The repeated, independent evolution of phenotypic traits reflects adaptation to Matthew A. Streisfeld similar selective pressures. In some circumstances, parallel phenotypic evolution has + Tel: 1 919 684 3378 a common genetic basis. Here, we investigate the types of genetic change respon- Email: [email protected] sible for the repeated evolution of red flowers among Ipomoea species. Received: 7 April 2009 • We identified three independent transitions from cyanidin- (blue/purple) to Accepted: 15 May 2009 pelargonidin-type (red) anthocyanin pigments among Ipomoea species. The genetic basis for these transitions was examined using transgenics and gene expression New Phytologist (2009) 183: 751–763 assays. Using a literature survey to estimate the expected spectrum of mutation types doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02929.x capable of producing red flowers, we evaluated whether the observed distribution of mutation types differed from expectation. • In these species, red floral pigmentation appears to be caused by the disruption Key words: anthocyanin, flower color, gene expression, Ipomoea, parallel of flux through the anthocyanin pathway at the same position. Results implicate evolution. tissue-specific regulatory changes in the same gene, which suggests the possibility that flower color evolved independently via the same genetic mechanism. -
NISIMS Fields and Domains Guide 2019
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science NISIMS Fields and Domains Guide 2019 Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius), Point Reyes National Seashore. NPS photo. Contents Page 1. Introduction to NISIMS ..................................................................................................................... 1 2. Input Fields ........................................................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Weed Survey Data .................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Weed Infestation Data .............................................................................................................. 5 2.3 Proposed Treatment Data ......................................................................................................... 7 2.3.1 Proposed Biological Treatment .................................................................................... 10 2.3.2 Proposed Chemical Treatment ..................................................................................... 10 2.3.3 Proposed Other Treatment ........................................................................................... 12 2.4 Treatment Data ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.1 Biological Component ................................................................................................ -
Ipomoea Horsfalliae (Prince's Vine)
Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 2008. Predicting Invasive Plants in Florida using the Australian Weed Risk Assessment. Invasive Plant Science and Management 1: 178-195. Ipomoea horsfalliae (prince's vine) Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 1.02 Has the species become naturalised where grown? 1.03 Does the species have weedy races? 2.01 Species suited to Florida's USDA climate zones (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 2.02 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 2.03 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) 2.04 Native or naturalized in habitats with periodic inundation 2.05 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural y range? 3.01 Naturalized beyond native range ? 3.02 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n 0 3.03 Weed of agriculture n 0 3.04 Environmental weed n 0 3.05 Congeneric weed y 0 4.01 Produces spines, thorns or burrs n 0 4.02 Allelopathic n 0 4.03 Parasitic n 0 4.04 Unpalatable to grazing animals 4.05 Toxic to animals n 0 4.06 Host for recognised pests and pathogens y 1 4.07 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans n 0 4.08 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems n 0 4.09 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle n 0 4.1 Grows on infertile soils (oligotrophic, limerock, or excessively draining soils) ? 4.11 Climbing or smothering growth habit y 1 4.12 Forms -
Leaf Venation Studies in the Species of Ipomoea Linn
International Journal of Botany Studies International Journal of Botany Studies ISSN: 2455-541X; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.12 Received: 06-04-2020; Accepted: 11-05-2020: Published: 20-05-2020 www.botanyjournals.com Volume 5; Issue 2; 2020; Page No. 119-121 Leaf venation studies in the species of Ipomoea Linn Praveen Dhar T1, Asha K Joy2 1, 2 Department of Botany, St Stephen’s College, Pathanapuram, Kollam, Kerala, India Abstract The minor venation pattern in certain species provides taxonomic and evolutionary clues. Foliar venation patterns act as device for the identification of various species in the present investigation minor leaf venation pattern of 16 South Indian species of Ipomoea were studied. The study reveals that the Ipomoea species shows simple, linear curved, once, twice and thrice branched minor leaf venation with polygonal leaf areole. Size of the leaf areole is concerned highest length and breadth is reported in I. coptica. Keywords: Ipomoea, foliar venation, areole, polygonal Introduction devices a key for the identification of various species on the Taxonomic evidence as such can be had, in a general sense basis of these characters. from any part or phase of development of the plant. Hickey and Wolfe, (1975) [7] provided the first systematic Although much importance is attached to the purely summary of dicot leaf architectural features and they morphological characters in the classification. Much demonstrated that a number of lower order leaf architectural evidence can, however be had from other characters as well, feature, including leaf organization, configuration of first other than the reproductive phase. There are a few three vein orders and characteristics of leaf margin are characters which were rather neglected. -
Malaysia, Ipomoea. Belong with Exceptions Buitenzorg
The Convolvulaceae of Malaysia, III by S.J. van Ooststroom (Rijksherbarium, Leiden) (Issued March 1st, 1940). The genus Ipomoea. subdivided Hallier ²) the Convolvulaceae into two groups, viz. the Psiloconiae, with smooth pollen grains, and the Echinoconiae with spinose Psiloconiae in have been ones. The genera of the occurring Malaysia dealt with in parts I and II of the present paper, with exception of which shall be treated in the genus Erycibe, a special monograph. of Echinoconiae contains viz. 1. The group two tribes, Ipomoeeae in The and 2. Argyreieae, both represented Malaysia. genus Ipomoea belongs to the Ipomoeeae. The materials examined belong with a few exceptions to the herbaria of Buitenzorg (B), Leiden (L), Pasoeroean (Pa), Utrecht (U) and Wageningen (W). It seemed better not to ask for the loan of foreign collections broken of the 1939. during the war, out in the course year XVI. IPOMOEA L. L., Spec. PI. ed. 1 (1753) p. 159; BLUME, Bydr. (1825) p. 708; CHOKY in Mem. Soc. Geneve VI id. in Mem. Soc. Phys. (1833) p. 444; Geneve VIII id. in Prodr. IX Phys. (1838) p. 52; DC., (1845) p. 348; PI. Ned. Ind. PI. IV MIQ., II (1857) p. 601; BENTH., Austr. (1869) p. 412; BENTH. & HOOK., Gen. Plant. II (1876) p. 870; CLARKE in PI. Brit. Ind. IV Hist. PI. X IIOOK., (1883) p. 196; BAILLON, (1891) Pfl. p. 321; PETER in ENGL. & PRANTL, Nat. fam. IV, 3a (1891) p. 28; II in Blumea ') Part I in Blumea III, 1 (1938) p. 62—94; part III, 2 (1939) p. 267—371. -
Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas, Part 4
Bromeliaceae Epiphytic or terrestrial. Roots usually present as holdfasts. Leaves spirally arranged, often in a basal rosette or fasciculate, simple, sheathing at the base, entire or spinose- serrate, scaly-lepidote. Inflorescence terminal or lateral, simple or compound, a spike, raceme, panicle, capitulum, or a solitary flower; inflorescence-bracts and flower-bracts usually conspicuous, highly colored. Flowers regular (actinomorphic), mostly bisexual. Sepals 3, free or united. Petals 3, free or united; corolla with or without 2 scale-appendages inside at base. Stamens 6; filaments free, monadelphous, or adnate to corolla. Ovary superior to inferior. Fruit a dry capsule or fleshy berry; sometimes a syncarp (Ananas ). Seeds naked, winged, or comose. Literature: GENERAL: Duval, L. 1990. The Bromeliads. 154 pp. Pacifica, California: Big Bridge Press. Kramer, J. 1965. Bromeliads, The Colorful House Plants. 113 pp. Princeton, New Jersey: D. Van Nostrand Company. Kramer, J. 1981. Bromeliads.179pp. New York: Harper & Row. Padilla, V. 1971. Bromeliads. 134 pp. New York: Crown Publishers. Rauh, W. 1919.Bromeliads for Home, Garden and Greenhouse. 431pp. Poole, Dorset: Blandford Press. Singer, W. 1963. Bromeliads. Garden Journal 13(1): 8-12; 13(2): 57-62; 13(3): 104-108; 13(4): 146- 150. Smith, L.B. and R.J. Downs. 1974. Flora Neotropica, Monograph No.14 (Bromeliaceae): Part 1 (Pitcairnioideae), pp.1-658, New York: Hafner Press; Part 2 (Tillandsioideae), pp.663-1492, New York: Hafner Press; Part 3 (Bromelioideae), pp.1493-2142, Bronx, New York: New York Botanical Garden. Weber, W. 1981. Introduction to the taxonomy of the Bromeliaceae. Journal of the Bromeliad Society 31(1): 11-17; 31(2): 70-75.