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An Optimization Modelling to Evaluate Flights Scheduling at Tourist Airports Dimitrios J

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An Optimization Modelling to Evaluate Flights Scheduling at Tourist Airports Dimitrios J World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering Vol:11, No:11, 2017 An Optimization Modelling to Evaluate Flights Scheduling at Tourist Airports Dimitrios J. Dimitriou 3.4% of global GDP. This continuing trend of air traffic Abstract—Airport’s serving a tourist destination are an essential growth has, however, not been matched by an adequate counterpart of the tourist demand supply chain, and their productivity expansion of air transport infrastructure, and the aviation is related to the region’s attractiveness and is enhanced by the air industry is facing the challenge of dealing with a range of transport business. In this paper, the evaluation framework of the congestion problems [5]. scheduled flights between two tourist airports is taken into consideration. By adopting a systemic approach, the arrivals from an Especially for Mediterranean countries, air transport for airport that its connectivity heavily depended on the departures of leisure purposes is the most important enabler to achieving another major airport are reviewed. The methodology framework, economic growth and development. Air transport facilitates based on inventory control theory and the numerical example, integration into the economy and provides vital connectivity promotes the use of the modelling formulation. The results would be on a national, regional, and international scale between essential for comparison and exercising to other similar cases. countries, promoting tourism growth, and creating employment opportunities in tourist destinations. Keywords—Airport connectivity, inventory control, optimization, optimum allocation. II. AIR CONNECTIVITY IN TOURIST REGIONS I. INTRODUCTION The link between tourism and the aviation industry is on the IR connectivity, especially for south European countries, top of the agenda for many academic institutes, professional Aplays an important role in regional and economic bodies and regulatory authorities. Airports serving tourist development, and in many cases, it is the main source of destinations are essential counterpart of the tourist demand income for residents. Despite an unstable economic supply chain. The link between tourism and aviation industry environment, southern European islands have faced enormous is on the top of the agenda for many academic institutes, growth in the tourist field during the last decade, which in professional bodies and regulatory authorities [6]. turn, has significantly increased the demand for air travel. Air connectivity facilitates and generates wider economic Air connectivity and tourism are mutually interlinked. performance: it promotes higher investment both from within References [1] and [2] highlighted the relationship between the country and from foreign direct investment; it improves tourism and air connectivity and concluded that any changes tourism activity [7]. Moreover, air transportation and in aviation efficiency are closely linked to tourism economic development interact with each other as aviation development. On the one hand, new forms of tourism and new makes significant direct and indirect contributions to the destinations influence air transport demand while, on the other economy and increases the cycle of economic activity. In hand, airports provide essential infrastructure to support particular, air connectivity, as an indicator of a network’s regional, social and economic growth and become commercial concentration and its ability to move passengers from their entities in their own right, capable of generating returns on origin to their destination is a vital component of a country’s investment to the benefit of their shareholders, other socioeconomic development, because it creates wider stakeholders and to society as a whole [1]. economic benefits of trade in services and goods, tourism, The linkage between the two industries has been investment, productivity and innovation. investigated in order to define the different tourism demand By understanding how air connectivity is measured, how it patterns and support decisions towards local market growth. In has changed, how it spurs economic growth, and what drives the complex aviation business environment, the behavioral it, key aviation stakeholders can make strategic decisions on aspects of demand and the business regulatory framework how to enable and unlock the air connectivity potential of a International Science Index, Industrial and Systems Engineering Vol:11, No:11, 2017 waset.org/Publication/10008262 influence the decisions of strategic planning and the effective country. Air connectivity is a key driver for growth, especially fund allocation of local airport infrastructures. for the attractive tourist destinations [7], [8]. Despite recent economic uncertainty, air travel grew 2.5 times as fast as global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over III. METHODOLOGY CONCEPT the last 20 years [3]. ATAG [4] announced that the overall The research question is the optimization of inbound flights economic activity generated by air transport is estimated at from a tourist region (Hub Airport A) to reach the benefits of air connectivity of a greater hub airport (Hub Airport B). The D. J. Dimitriou is Assistant Professor in Department of Economics, optimization framework based on a hub and a spoke air Democritus University of Thrace, Greece, Panepistimioupoli, 69100 transport network, ultimately examines the possible optimum Komotini, (phone: +30 25310 39507, fax: +30 25310 39830, e-mail: [email protected]). allocation of connections between Hub tourist airport A and a International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 11(11) 2017 2726 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/10008262 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering Vol:11, No:11, 2017 larger hub tourist airport B for improving the connectivity to AFi, DFj, DFj,ti > 0 tourist market of airport A. AFi, DFj, DFj,ti is an integer number, 1,2,3… The mathematical formulation of optimum allocation of the where: CFAF = sum of departures j from airport B for each connection flights between a hub and a spoke tourist i,j flight i arrive from airport A during the same day (24 hours); destination is comprised of three groups of conditions [9]: DF = sum of departures from airport B for each day; DF ,t = Objective function: Maximization of connecting flights j j i sum of departures from airport B; AF = arrival time of the from flights arriving from airport A in terms of: i flight i form airport A to airport B; t = arrival time of the a) Domestic and international departures from airport B; AFi flight AF form airport A to airport B; t = arrival time of b) Short haul and long-haul destinations connected to airport i AFi+1 the next flight of the AF form airport A to airport B. B; i Based on the above formulation, it is possible to illustrate c) High demand air corridors, in other words major hubs at results regarding on best connection flights between airport A the intercontinental scale. and B and provide suggestions for the optimum scheduling of existing flights arriving from airport A that will increase HUB AIRPORT attractiveness for both airports. B V. CASE STUDY Greece and Cyprus are among the top Mediterranean HUB tourism destinations. The largest airports of each island are of AIRPORT vital importance with a strategic position. In this section, data A analysis on air connectivity features between Athens International Airport as the main airport in Greece and Fig. 1 Depiction of air connectivity between hub and spoke tourist airports Larnaca International Airport as the main airport of Cyprus is given in order to highlight the possibility of optimum air This formulation is very beneficial for island tourist connectivity allocation between the two airports. destinations, where the dependency of airport A from airport Greece and Cyprus main airports, two of the top B is too high. In other words, the connectivity of airport A Mediterranean tourism destinations, are two hubs of vital depends on flights connecting with airport B, which provides a importance with a strategic advantage in the surrounding area. much higher number of flight connections with the tourist In analysis review the existing air transport and current leisure market. air connectivity between the two countries and specifically between Athens International Airport as the main airport in IV. MODELLING FORMULATION AND ASSUMPTIONS Greece and the Airports of Cyprus is analyzed. In order to capture these characteristics, a combined measure which The modelling formulation based on the inventory control assesses the base level of connectivity and the trends of leisure theory, whereby developing an optimization structure the connectivity based on annual flights is analyzed. In portraying existing schedule services are evaluated over time. the air transport sector in these countries, this research The assumptions adopted regarding the operation assesses possible concerns in relation to current and potential characteristics of connection flights at airports are: future air connectivity gaps, enabling detailed analysis to • Lower connection time is 60 min for scheduled carriers; identify trends and analyzing the connection by route and • Seat availability in connecting flights; airline and the number of connecting vs. direct passengers in • Maximum transfer time up to the next arrival from when the two main hub airports. flights arrive from airport A to departure flights at
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